A stress detection method and system for thermal effects of metal accessories

Abstract

The invention discloses a stress detection method and system for thermal effects of metal accessories, and relates to the technical field of stress detection. A stress detection method for thermal effects of metal accessories obtains first temperature data and first heating strain data, and organizes them into a variable temperature data set; obtains first pressure data and first pressurization strain data, and organizes them into a pressurization data set; establishes a model; and by gradually applying pressure at the same temperature and gradually adjusting the temperature under the same pressure, the thermal effect stress of the metal accessories at different temperatures and different deformation degrees can be comprehensively evaluated, so as to more accurately understand the performance and reliability of the metal accessories; by collecting and outputting strain data and temperature and pressure data, the behavior mode of the metal accessories under thermal effects and mechanical pressure is described; based on the established temperature and variable temperature stress model and pressure and pressurization stress model, important guidance is provided for the optimal design and production of metal accessories.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of stress detection, and in particular to a stress detection method and system for thermal effects of metal accessories. Background Art

[0002] Thermal stress is the internal stress caused by the uneven temperature distribution of different parts of metal accessories during heating or cooling, which leads to different linear expansion coefficients of different parts. The generation of thermal stress will have an adverse effect on the performance and shape stability of metal accessories, and even cause cracks, deformation and other problems. These problems not only affect the service life and reliability of metal accessories, but may also threaten the safety of the entire system or equipment.

[0003] At present, the Chinese invention patent with application number CN202210781927.8 discloses a method for detecting the internal stress of hot-rolled ball mill steel balls. The method is to clamp the periodically extracted steel balls through the flip positioning plate and the blocking plate, perform wire cutting, and flip the half steel ball after wire cutting so that the cut surface faces up for camera detection. After the detection, the steel ball falls into the aggregate trolley for recycling. This invention can realize unmanned operation, thereby greatly improving the detection efficiency, saving labor costs, and reducing the production costs of enterprises.

[0004] This invention cannot adjust the surface shape and temperature of the steel ball and cannot derive the degree of influence on stress under different conditions based on the measurement data, which affects the adaptability of the detection results. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: although the related technology supports internal stress detection of steel balls, the related technology is unable to adjust the surface shape and temperature of the steel balls and is unable to derive the degree of influence on stress under different circumstances based on the measurement data, which affects the adaptability of the detection results.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A stress detection method for thermal effects of metal accessories comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step S1, obtaining first temperature data and first heating strain data, and making one-to-one correspondence between the first heating strain data and the first temperature data to form a corresponding relationship;

[0009] Step S2, repeating step S1, heating the metal parts to be inspected within the temperature threshold respectively, establishing a corresponding relationship between the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data during each heating, and arranging the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data and the corresponding relationship during each heating into a variable temperature data set;

[0010] Step S3, cooling the temperature of the metal accessory to be inspected that was heated for the last time in step S2 to room temperature and then heating it at a constant temperature, acquiring first pressure data and first pressurization strain data, and making one-to-one correspondence between the first pressurization strain data and the first pressure data to form a corresponding relationship;

[0011] Step S4, repeating step S3, respectively pressurizing the metal parts to be inspected within the pressure threshold, establishing a corresponding relationship between the pressurized strain data and the corresponding pressure data at each pressurization, and arranging the pressurized strain data and the corresponding pressure data at each pressurization and the corresponding relationship into a pressurized data set;

[0012] Step S5, according to the variable temperature data set and the pressurization data set, the corresponding stress is calculated and output as the variable temperature stress data set and the pressurization stress data set, and a model between temperature and variable temperature stress and a model between pressure and pressurization stress are established according to the variable temperature stress data set and the pressurization stress data set.

[0013] Preferably, the step S1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0014] Step S101, heating the metal accessory to be inspected once according to a preset temperature threshold, marking the metal accessory to be inspected after the once heating as a once heated accessory and recording first temperature data;

[0015] Step S102, collecting and outputting the primary heating strain data of the primary heating accessory, wherein the primary heating strain data includes the primary heating x-direction strain coefficient and the primary heating y-direction strain coefficient, and establishing a corresponding relationship between the primary heating strain data and the first temperature data.

[0016] Preferably, the temperature threshold in step S2 is set with a temperature gradient, and step S1 is repeated as the temperature gradient changes, and the heating strain data and corresponding temperature data of each temperature gradient are recorded.

[0017] Preferably, step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0018] Step S301, lowering the temperature of the metal accessory to be inspected after the last heating to room temperature and then performing constant temperature heating, wherein the temperature of the constant temperature heating is the middle value of the temperature threshold;

[0019] Step S302, pressurizing the metal part to be inspected once according to a preset pressure threshold, marking the metal part to be inspected after the once pressurization as a once heated part and recording first temperature data;

[0020] Step S303, collecting and outputting the primary pressurization strain data of the primary pressurization accessory, wherein the primary heating strain data includes the primary heating x-direction strain coefficient and the primary heating y-direction strain coefficient, and establishing a corresponding relationship between the primary pressurization strain data and the first pressure data.

[0021] Preferably, it is characterized in that the pressure threshold in step S4 is set with a pressure gradient, and step S1 is repeated as the pressure gradient changes and the pressurization strain data and corresponding pressure data of each pressure gradient are recorded.

[0022] Preferably, step S5 includes the following sub-steps:

[0023] Step S501, calculating the stress of each temperature change according to the temperature change data set and outputting it as a temperature change stress data set, and establishing a trend model between the temperature data and the temperature change stress data;

[0024] Step S502 , calculating the stress of each pressurization according to the pressurization data set and outputting it as a pressurization stress data set, and establishing a trend model between the pressure data and the pressurization stress data.

[0025] A stress detection system for thermal effects of metal accessories, comprising:

[0026] The variable temperature module is used to gradually increase the temperature of the metal parts to be inspected according to the temperature threshold, measure and record the temperature data and the corresponding heating strain data of each heating, establish the corresponding relationship between the temperature data and the heating strain data of each heating, and organize and output them as a variable temperature data set;

[0027] The pressurization module is used to cool the metal parts to be tested after the last heating of the variable temperature module to room temperature, heat it to the middle value of the temperature threshold, gradually pressurize it according to the pressure threshold, measure and record the pressure data and corresponding pressurization strain data of each pressurization, establish the corresponding relationship between the pressure data and the pressurization strain data of each pressurization, and organize and output it as a pressurization data set;

[0028] The model building module is used to calculate the stress at each temperature change based on the variable temperature data set and output it as a variable temperature stress data set, calculate the stress at each pressurization based on the pressurization data set and output it as a pressurization stress data set, and establish a trend model between the temperature data and the variable temperature stress data and a trend model between the pressure data and the pressurization stress data.

[0029] Preferably, the temperature change module includes a primary temperature change data collection unit and a continuous temperature change data collection unit, wherein:

[0030] The primary variable temperature data collection unit is used to heat the accessory to be detected once, collect the first temperature data and the first heating strain data, and establish a corresponding relationship between the first temperature data and the first heating strain data;

[0031] The continuous variable temperature data collection unit is used to heat the detected accessory within a temperature threshold and collect heating strain data during each heating, establish a corresponding relationship between the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data, and organize them into a variable temperature data set.

[0032] Preferably, the pressurization module includes a primary pressurization data collection unit and a continuous pressurization data collection unit, wherein:

[0033] The primary pressurization data collection unit is used to perform constant temperature heating after the temperature of the to-be-detected accessory drops to room temperature, pressurize the to-be-detected accessory once, collect first pressure data and first pressurization strain data, and establish a corresponding relationship between the first pressure data and the first pressurization strain data;

[0034] The continuous pressurization data collection unit is used to pressurize the accessory to be detected within a pressure threshold and collect pressurization strain data during each pressurization, establish a corresponding relationship between the pressurization strain data and the corresponding pressure data, and organize them into a pressurization data set.

[0035] Preferably, the model building module includes a variable temperature model building unit and a pressurized model building unit, wherein:

[0036] The variable temperature model building unit is used to calculate the stress at each temperature change according to the variable temperature data set and output it as a variable temperature stress data set, and to build a trend model between the temperature data and the variable temperature stress data;

[0037] The pressurization model building unit is used to calculate the stress at each pressurization according to the pressurization data set and output it as a pressurization stress data set, and to build a trend model between the pressure data and the pressurization stress data.

[0038] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by gradually applying pressure at the same temperature and gradually adjusting the temperature under the same pressure, the thermal effect stress of metal accessories at different temperatures and different deformation degrees can be comprehensively evaluated, so as to more accurately understand the performance and reliability of metal accessories; by collecting and outputting strain data and temperature and pressure data, the behavior pattern of metal accessories under thermal effects and mechanical pressure is described; based on the established temperature and variable temperature stress model and pressure and pressurization stress model, important guidance is provided for the optimal design and production of metal accessories. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 A flowchart of the steps of a method for detecting the thermal effect of a metal fitting according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the basic flow of a stress detection system for thermal effects of metal accessories provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.

[0042] Embodiment 1, refer to Figure 1 , provides a stress detection method for thermal effects of metal accessories, comprising the following steps:

[0043] Step S1, acquiring first temperature data and first heating strain data, and making one-to-one correspondence between the first heating strain data and the first temperature data to form a corresponding relationship.

[0044] Step S1 establishes a basic correspondence between temperature data and heating strain data, providing a data basis for subsequent analysis of performance changes of the metal parts to be tested during the heating process.

[0045] Step S1 includes the following sub-steps:

[0046] Step S101 , heating the metal accessory to be inspected once according to a preset temperature threshold, marking the metal accessory to be inspected after the once heating as a once heated accessory and recording first temperature data.

[0047] Heating metal accessories according to the preset temperature threshold can simulate the working state of metal accessories at different temperatures. At the same time, marking and recording the heated metal accessories and the corresponding temperature data provides an accurate temperature reference for subsequent analysis.

[0048] Step S102, collecting and outputting the primary heating strain data of the primary heating accessory, the primary heating strain data including the primary heating x-direction strain coefficient and the primary heating y-direction strain coefficient, and establishing a corresponding relationship between the primary heating strain data and the first temperature data.

[0049] By collecting and outputting the strain data of metal accessories after one heating, we can understand the deformation trend of metal accessories under temperature changes. The records of the strain coefficient in the x-direction and the strain coefficient in the y-direction after one heating provide data support for analyzing the deformation of metal accessories in multiple dimensions. At the same time, by matching the strain data with the temperature data, we can more accurately analyze the performance of metal accessories under temperature changes.

[0050] Step S2, repeating step S1, heating the metal parts to be inspected within the temperature threshold, establishing a correspondence between the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data during each heating, and organizing the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data during each heating and the correspondence into a variable temperature data set.

[0051] The temperature gradient set within the temperature threshold is conducive to more detailed observation of the strain behavior of metal accessories at different temperatures. By collating the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data during each heating, we obtained a rich temperature-varying data set, which is crucial for analyzing the performance changes of metal accessories at different temperatures. The setting of the temperature threshold varies with the material and size of the metal accessories to be tested.

[0052] In step S2, the temperature threshold is set with a temperature gradient, and step S1 is repeated as the temperature gradient changes, and the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data of each temperature gradient are recorded.

[0053] By setting the temperature gradient, we can heat the metal accessories at smaller temperature intervals and record the strain data at each temperature point, so as to have a more comprehensive understanding of the performance changes of the metal accessories. In one embodiment, the temperature gradient value is set to 5°, and the strain data is recorded each time the temperature is heated to 5°, which is adjusted according to the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal accessory material.

[0054] Step S3, lowering the temperature of the metal accessory to be inspected that was heated for the last time in step S2 to room temperature and then performing constant temperature heating, obtaining first pressure data and first pressurization strain data, and making one-to-one correspondence between the first pressurization strain data and the first pressure data to form a corresponding relationship.

[0055] After cooling the metal accessories from the variable temperature heating state to room temperature, constant temperature heating and pressure application are performed, which can simulate the pressure effect of the metal accessories in actual applications. By collecting and outputting the first pressure data and the first pressurized strain data, it is helpful to understand the deformation trend of the metal accessories under pressure.

[0056] Step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

[0057] Step S301, the temperature of the metal accessory to be inspected that was heated for the last time is lowered to room temperature and then heated at a constant temperature, wherein the temperature of the constant temperature heating is the middle value of the temperature threshold.

[0058] After the temperature of the metal accessories is lowered to room temperature after the last heating, they are heated at a constant temperature to the middle value of the temperature threshold. This is done to maintain a constant temperature environment in subsequent pressure tests. Extreme temperature changes may affect the degree of pressure on the material, causing inaccurate data in subsequent tests. Therefore, this step is to ensure that subsequent pressure test data is more accurate and reliable.

[0059] Step S302: pressurize the metal part to be inspected once according to a preset pressure threshold, mark the metal part to be inspected after the pressurization as a once heated part and record the first temperature data.

[0060] The metal fittings are pressurized according to a preset pressure threshold, and the pressurized metal fittings are marked, while the pressure data at this time is recorded, which is helpful for obtaining the status information of the metal fittings under a specific pressure.

[0061] Step S303, collecting and outputting the primary pressurization strain data of the primary pressurization accessory, wherein the primary heating strain data includes the primary heating x-direction strain coefficient and the primary heating y-direction strain coefficient, and establishing a corresponding relationship between the primary pressurization strain data and the first pressure data.

[0062] After pressurization, the strain data of the metal accessories in the x-direction and y-direction are collected. The strain data in these two directions can fully reflect the deformation of the metal accessories under pressure. By establishing a corresponding relationship between these strain data and the corresponding pressure data, the performance of the metal accessories under pressure can be more accurately evaluated.

[0063] Step S4, repeat step S3, pressurize the metal parts to be inspected within the pressure threshold, establish the correspondence between the pressurized strain data and the corresponding pressure data at each pressurization, and organize the pressurized strain data and the corresponding pressure data at each pressurization and the correspondence into a pressurization data set.

[0064] Setting the pressure gradient within the pressure threshold enables more detailed observation of the strain behavior of metal accessories under different pressures. By collating the pressure strain data and the corresponding pressure data for each pressurization, we obtain a rich pressurization data set, which is crucial for analyzing the performance changes of metal accessories under different pressures.

[0065] In step S4, the pressure threshold is set with a pressure gradient, and step S1 is repeated as the pressure gradient changes and the pressure strain data and corresponding pressure data of each pressure gradient are recorded. In one embodiment, the pressure gradient is set to 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of the yield strength of the metal accessory material, and pressurization is performed respectively.

[0066] By setting the pressure gradient and recording the strain data at each pressure point, we can have a more comprehensive understanding of the performance changes of metal accessories.

[0067] Step S5, according to the variable temperature data set and the pressurization data set, the corresponding stress is calculated and output as the variable temperature stress data set and the pressurization stress data set, and a model between temperature and variable temperature stress and a model between pressure and pressurization stress are established according to the variable temperature stress data set and the pressurization stress data set.

[0068] By converting the strain data in the variable temperature dataset and the pressurized dataset into stress data, we obtained the variable temperature stress dataset and the pressurized stress dataset. These datasets were further used to establish trend models between temperature and variable temperature stress and between pressure and pressurized stress, which is helpful for understanding the performance of metal accessories at different temperatures and pressures, and providing guidance for subsequent performance optimization and engineering design.

[0069] Step S5 includes the following sub-steps:

[0070] Step S501, calculating the stress of each temperature change according to the temperature change data set and outputting it as the temperature change stress data set, and establishing a trend model between the temperature data and the temperature change stress data.

[0071] By converting the strain data in the variable temperature data set into stress data, the variable temperature stress data set is obtained. Furthermore, based on the variable temperature stress data set, a trend model between temperature data and variable temperature stress data is established. This model can intuitively show the stress change trend of metal accessories under temperature changes, providing strong support for evaluating their thermal stability and performance.

[0072] Step S502 , calculating the stress of each pressurization according to the pressurization data set and outputting it as a pressurization stress data set, and establishing a trend model between the pressure data and the pressurization stress data.

[0073] By converting the strain data in the pressurized data set into stress data, we obtained the pressurized stress data set. Furthermore, based on this data set, we established a trend model between the pressure data and the pressurized stress data. This model can intuitively show the stress change trend of metal accessories under pressure.

[0074] The stress calculation method in the trend model is:

[0075] According to Hooke's law, we have:

[0076]

[0077]

[0078] in, for Directional strain coefficient, for Directional strain coefficient, is the elastic modulus, is Poisson's ratio, for The normal stress in the direction, for Normal stress in the direction.

[0079] Combining the above two equations, we have:

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] To obtain the principal stress and ,Will and Substitute into:

[0083]

[0084] Get the principal stress and .

[0085] All calculated temperature-dependent stress data sets and pressure-dependent stress data sets are established as trend models to observe the effects of temperature and pressure on the stress of thermal effects of metal fittings.

[0086] Example 2, refer to Figure 2 , provides a stress detection system for thermal effects of metal accessories, including:

[0087] The variable temperature module is used to gradually heat up the metal parts to be inspected according to the temperature threshold, measure and record the temperature data and corresponding heating strain data of each heating, establish the corresponding relationship between the temperature data and heating strain data of each heating, and organize and output them as a variable temperature data set.

[0088] The variable temperature module simulates the working state of metal accessories at different temperatures, and systematically collects and organizes the temperature data and corresponding heating strain data of metal accessories under temperature changes to form a variable temperature data set. This provides an important basis for the subsequent analysis of the thermal properties of metal accessories.

[0089] The temperature changing module includes a primary temperature changing data collection unit and a continuous temperature changing data collection unit, wherein:

[0090] The primary variable temperature data collection unit is used to heat the accessory to be detected once, collect first temperature data and first heating strain data, and establish a corresponding relationship between the first temperature data and the first heating strain data.

[0091] The primary variable temperature data collection unit is the basis of the variable temperature module. By heating once and collecting the corresponding temperature data and heating strain data, it provides a reference point for the subsequent continuous variable temperature data collection, and also lays the foundation for subsequent trend analysis.

[0092] The continuous variable temperature data collection unit is used to heat the detected accessories within the temperature threshold and collect the heating strain data during each heating, establish a corresponding relationship between the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data, and organize them into a variable temperature data set.

[0093] The continuous variable temperature data collection unit gradually heats the metal accessories within the set temperature threshold range and collects temperature data and heating strain data during each heating. These data are organized into a variable temperature data set, providing comprehensive and accurate data support for analyzing the performance changes of metal accessories at different temperatures.

[0094] The pressurization module is used to cool the metal parts to be tested to room temperature after the last heating by the variable temperature module, heat them to the middle value of the temperature threshold, gradually pressurize them according to the pressure threshold, measure and record the pressure data and corresponding pressurization strain data of each pressurization, establish the corresponding relationship between the pressure data and the pressurization strain data of each pressurization, and organize and output them as a pressurization data set.

[0095] Based on the variable temperature module, the pressurization module cools and reheats the metal accessories and simulates the pressure conditions that the metal accessories may withstand in actual applications. By gradually pressurizing and collecting the corresponding pressure data and pressurization strain data, this module provides important data for analyzing the performance of metal accessories under pressure.

[0096] The pressurization module includes a primary pressurization data collection unit and a continuous pressurization data set unit module, wherein:

[0097] The primary pressurization data collection unit is used to perform constant temperature heating on the accessory to be tested after the temperature drops to room temperature, pressurize the accessory to be tested once, collect first pressure data and first pressurization strain data, and establish a corresponding relationship between the first pressure data and the first pressurization strain data.

[0098] The primary pressurization data collection unit is the basis of the pressurization module. It pressurizes the metal parts once at room temperature and collects the corresponding pressure data and pressurization strain data, providing a reference point for subsequent continuous pressurization data collection.

[0099] The continuous pressurization data collection unit is used to pressurize the accessories to be tested within the pressure threshold and collect the pressurization strain data during each pressurization, establish a corresponding relationship between the pressurization strain data and the corresponding pressure data, and organize them into a pressurization data set.

[0100] The continuous pressurization data collection unit gradually pressurizes metal accessories within the set pressure threshold range and collects pressure data and pressure strain data at each pressurization. These data are organized into a pressurization data set, which provides comprehensive and accurate data support for analyzing the performance changes of metal accessories under different pressures.

[0101] The model building module is used to calculate the stress at each temperature change based on the variable temperature data set and output it as a variable temperature stress data set, calculate the stress at each pressurization based on the pressurization data set and output it as a pressurization stress data set, and establish a trend model between the temperature data and the variable temperature stress data and a trend model between the pressure data and the pressurization stress data.

[0102] The model building module calculates the stress at each temperature change and pressurization based on the variable temperature data set and the pressurization data set, and establishes trend models between temperature and variable temperature stress and between pressure and pressurization stress. These models can intuitively display the performance change trend of metal accessories at different temperatures and pressures, providing a powerful tool for performance evaluation and optimization of metal accessories.

[0103] The model building module includes a variable temperature model building unit and a pressurized model building unit, wherein:

[0104] The variable temperature model building unit is used to calculate the stress at each temperature change according to the variable temperature data set and output it as a variable temperature stress data set, and to build a trend model between the temperature data and the variable temperature stress data.

[0105] The variable temperature model building unit calculates the stress at each temperature change based on the variable temperature data set and builds a trend model between temperature and variable temperature stress, which helps to more accurately evaluate the performance stability and reliability of metal accessories under temperature changes.

[0106] The pressurization model building unit is used to calculate the stress at each pressurization according to the pressurization data set and output it as a pressurization stress data set, and to build a trend model between the pressure data and the pressurization stress data.

[0107] The press model building unit calculates the stress at each press based on the press data set and builds a trend model between the pressure and the press stress. This helps to more accurately evaluate the deformation behavior of metal accessories under pressure.

[0108] It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media containing computer-usable program codes. Among them, the storage medium may be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, referred to as SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, referred to as EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory, referred to as EPROM), programmable read-only memory (Programmable Red-Only Memory, referred to as PROM), read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, referred to as ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk. These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0109] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stress detection method for thermal effects of metal accessories, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, obtaining first temperature data and first heating strain data, and making one-to-one correspondence between the first heating strain data and the first temperature data to form a corresponding relationship; Step S2, repeating step S1, heating the metal parts to be inspected within the temperature threshold respectively, establishing a corresponding relationship between the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data during each heating, and arranging the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data and the corresponding relationship during each heating into a variable temperature data set; Step S3, cooling the temperature of the metal accessory to be inspected that was heated for the last time in step S2 to room temperature and then heating it at a constant temperature, acquiring first pressure data and first pressurization strain data, and making one-to-one correspondence between the first pressurization strain data and the first pressure data to form a corresponding relationship; Step S4, repeating step S3, respectively pressurizing the metal parts to be inspected within the pressure threshold, establishing a corresponding relationship between the pressurized strain data and the corresponding pressure data at each pressurization, and arranging the pressurized strain data and the corresponding pressure data at each pressurization and the corresponding relationship into a pressurized data set; Step S5, according to the variable temperature data set and the pressurization data set, the corresponding stress is calculated and output as the variable temperature stress data set and the pressurization stress data set, and a model between temperature and variable temperature stress and a model between pressure and pressurization stress are established according to the variable temperature stress data set and the pressurization stress data set.

2. A stress detection method for thermal effects of metal parts as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The step S1 includes the following sub-steps: Step S101, heating the metal accessory to be inspected once according to a preset temperature threshold, marking the metal accessory to be inspected after the once heating as a once heated accessory and recording first temperature data; Step S102, collecting and outputting the primary heating strain data of the primary heating accessory, wherein the primary heating strain data includes the primary heating x-direction strain coefficient and the primary heating y-direction strain coefficient, and establishing a corresponding relationship between the primary heating strain data and the first temperature data.

3. A stress detection method for thermal effects of metal parts as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: In step S2, the temperature threshold is set with a temperature gradient, and step S1 is repeated as the temperature gradient changes, and the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data of each temperature gradient are recorded.

4. A stress detection method for thermal effects of metal parts as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The step S3 includes the following sub-steps: Step S301, lowering the temperature of the metal accessory to be inspected after the last heating to room temperature and then performing constant temperature heating, wherein the temperature of the constant temperature heating is the middle value of the temperature threshold; Step S302, pressurizing the metal part to be inspected once according to a preset pressure threshold, marking the metal part to be inspected after the once pressurization as a once heated part and recording first temperature data; Step S303, collecting and outputting the primary pressurization strain data of the primary pressurization accessory, wherein the primary heating strain data includes the primary heating x-direction strain coefficient and the primary heating y-direction strain coefficient, and establishing a corresponding relationship between the primary pressurization strain data and the first pressure data.

5. A stress detection method for thermal effects of metal parts as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: In the step S4, the pressure threshold is set with a pressure gradient, and the step S1 is repeated as the pressure gradient changes, and the pressurization strain data and the corresponding pressure data of each pressure gradient are recorded.

6. A stress detection method for thermal effects of metal parts as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The step S5 comprises the following sub-steps: Step S501, calculating the stress of each temperature change according to the temperature change data set and outputting it as a temperature change stress data set, and establishing a trend model between the temperature data and the temperature change stress data; Step S502 , calculating the stress of each pressurization according to the pressurization data set and outputting it as a pressurization stress data set, and establishing a trend model between the pressure data and the pressurization stress data.

7. A stress detection system for thermal effects of metal parts, characterized in that: include: The variable temperature module is used to gradually increase the temperature of the metal parts to be inspected according to the temperature threshold, measure and record the temperature data and the corresponding heating strain data of each heating, establish the corresponding relationship between the temperature data and the heating strain data of each heating, and organize and output them as a variable temperature data set; The pressurization module is used to cool the metal parts to be tested after the last heating of the variable temperature module to room temperature, heat it to the middle value of the temperature threshold, gradually pressurize it according to the pressure threshold, measure and record the pressure data and corresponding pressurization strain data of each pressurization, establish the corresponding relationship between the pressure data and the pressurization strain data of each pressurization, and organize and output it as a pressurization data set; The model building module is used to calculate the stress at each temperature change based on the variable temperature data set and output it as a variable temperature stress data set, calculate the stress at each pressurization based on the pressurization data set and output it as a pressurization stress data set, and establish a trend model between the temperature data and the variable temperature stress data and a trend model between the pressure data and the pressurization stress data.

8. A stress detection system for thermal effects of metal parts as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature change module includes a primary temperature change data collection unit and a continuous temperature change data collection unit, wherein: The primary variable temperature data collection unit is used to heat the accessory to be detected once, collect the first temperature data and the first heating strain data, and establish a corresponding relationship between the first temperature data and the first heating strain data; The continuous variable temperature data collection unit is used to heat the detected accessory within a temperature threshold and collect heating strain data during each heating, establish a corresponding relationship between the heating strain data and the corresponding temperature data, and organize them into a variable temperature data set.

9. A stress detection system for thermal effects of metal parts as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The pressurization module includes a primary pressurization data collection unit and a continuous pressurization data collection unit, wherein: The primary pressurization data collection unit is used to perform constant temperature heating after the temperature of the to-be-detected accessory drops to room temperature, pressurize the to-be-detected accessory once, collect first pressure data and first pressurization strain data, and establish a corresponding relationship between the first pressure data and the first pressurization strain data; The continuous pressurization data collection unit is used to pressurize the accessory to be detected within a pressure threshold and collect pressurization strain data during each pressurization, establish a corresponding relationship between the pressurization strain data and the corresponding pressure data, and organize them into a pressurization data set.

10. A stress detection system for thermal effects of metal parts as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that: The model building module includes a variable temperature model building unit and a pressurized model building unit, wherein: The variable temperature model building unit is used to calculate the stress at each temperature change according to the variable temperature data set and output it as a variable temperature stress data set, and to build a trend model between the temperature data and the variable temperature stress data; The pressurization model building unit is used to calculate the stress at each pressurization according to the pressurization data set and output it as a pressurization stress data set, and to build a trend model between the pressure data and the pressurization stress data.

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