An integrated method and device for fiber optic communication and sensing

Abstract

This application belongs to the field of optical fiber communication and sensing technology, and specifically discloses an integrated method and device for optical fiber communication and sensing fusion. This application uses the optical signal emitted by a laser source as a shared light source for both communication and sensing. At the modulation end, the communication signal used for communication and the sensing signal used for sensing are fused to generate a fused sensing signal. This enables the communication signal and the sensing signal to be transmitted in the same optical fiber, improving the utilization rate of optical fiber resources, reducing the complexity and cost of system deployment, and achieving resource sharing and collaborative optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of optical fiber communication and sensing technology, and more specifically, relates to an integrated method and device for optical fiber communication and sensing. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of global information technology, fiber optic communication and fiber optic sensing technologies have shown tremendous application prospects in their respective fields. Fiber optic communication systems, with their advantages of high bandwidth, low loss, and resistance to electromagnetic interference, are widely used in various communication networks worldwide, becoming the core of modern communication technology. However, the single communication function limits the diversified application potential of fiber optic resources. On the other hand, fiber optic sensing technology, with its high sensitivity, long distance, and corrosion resistance, has achieved remarkable results in fields such as environmental monitoring, structural health monitoring, and oil exploration. However, these sensing systems often require independent fiber optic infrastructure, leading to redundant construction and resource waste.

[0003] Currently, fiber optic communication systems and fiber optic sensing systems are typically independent, operating in their own dedicated networks. This separation leads to low utilization of fiber optic resources, increased system deployment and maintenance costs, and makes it difficult to achieve resource sharing and collaborative optimization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide an integrated method and device for fiber optic communication and sensing, which aims to solve the problems of low utilization of fiber optic resources and increased system deployment and maintenance costs in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application provides an integrated device for fiber optic communication and sensing, comprising:

[0006] A synthetic fusion transceiver module consisting of an optical transmitting unit and an optical receiving unit connected to the optical transmitting unit;

[0007] The optical emission unit includes a laser source and a fusion module;

[0008] A laser source is used to transmit optical signals to the fusion module;

[0009] The fusion module, connected to the laser source, is used to generate a fusion signal that includes communication signals and sensing signals based on the optical signal, and to send the fusion signal to the optical receiving unit.

[0010] The optical receiving unit, connected to the fusion module, is used to select communication signals or sensing signals from the fusion signals for reception.

[0011] In some embodiments, the fusion module includes:

[0012] First optical coupler, second optical coupler, third optical coupler, sensing branch and communication branch;

[0013] The first optical coupler is connected to the laser source and is used to couple optical signals to generate a first optical signal and a second optical signal.

[0014] The second optical coupler, connected to the first optical coupler, is used to couple the first optical signal to generate the third and fourth optical signals;

[0015] The sensing branch, connected to the second optical coupler, is used to generate a sensing signal based on the third optical signal;

[0016] The communication branch, connected to the second optical coupler, is used to generate a communication signal based on the fourth optical signal;

[0017] The third optical coupler is connected to both the sensing branch and the communication branch. It is used to couple the communication signal and the sensing signal to generate a fusion signal and send the fusion signal to the optical receiving unit.

[0018] In some embodiments, it also includes:

[0019] The circulator is connected to the third optical coupler and the optical receiving unit respectively, and is used to transmit the fusion signal to the optical receiving unit.

[0020] In some embodiments, the optical receiving unit includes:

[0021] A signal selection element and a coherent receiver connected to the signal selection element and the first optical coupler respectively;

[0022] The signal selection element, connected to the circulator, is used to select a sensing signal or a communication signal from the sensing fusion signal sent by the circulator for reception, and to send the sensing signal or communication signal to the coherent receiver.

[0023] A coherent receiver is used to receive sensing signals or communication signals based on a second optical signal, and to obtain sensing information from the sensing signals or communication information from the communication signals.

[0024] In some embodiments, the coherent receiver includes:

[0025] The system comprises a first polarization beam splitter, a second polarization beam splitter, a first mixer, a second mixer, a balanced detector module, an analog-to-digital converter, and a digital signal processing module.

[0026] The first polarization beam splitter is connected to the first optical coupler and is used to split the second optical signal into a first polarized optical signal and a second polarized optical signal with mutually orthogonal polarization directions.

[0027] The second polarization beam splitter, connected to the signal selection element, is used to split the communication signal or the sensing signal into a third polarized light signal and a fourth polarized light signal with mutually orthogonal polarization directions. The third polarized light signal and the first polarized light signal are in phase, and the fourth polarized light signal and the second polarized light signal are in phase.

[0028] The first mixer, connected to the first polarization beam splitter, is used to perform heterodyne mixing on the first polarized light signal and the third polarized light signal to obtain the first intermediate frequency signal.

[0029] The second mixer, connected to the second polarization beam splitter, is used to perform heterodyne mixing on the second polarized light signal and the fourth polarized light signal to obtain the second intermediate frequency signal.

[0030] The first balanced detector module is connected to the first mixer and the second mixer respectively, and is used to measure the first in-phase component and the first quadrature component in the first intermediate frequency signal, and to measure the second in-phase component and the second quadrature component in the second intermediate frequency signal.

[0031] An analog-to-digital converter, connected to the first balanced detector module, is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first in-phase component, the first quadrature component, the second in-phase component, and the second quadrature component to obtain the corresponding digital signal.

[0032] The digital signal processing module, connected to the analog-to-digital converter, is used to process digital signals to obtain communication or sensing information.

[0033] In some embodiments, the signal processing unit includes:

[0034] An analog-to-digital converter connected to the first balanced detector module and a digital signal processing module connected to the analog-to-digital converter;

[0035] An analog-to-digital converter is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on a first in-phase component, a first quadrature component, a second in-phase component, and a second quadrature component to obtain the corresponding digital signal.

[0036] The digital signal processing module is used to process digital signals to obtain communication information or sensing information.

[0037] In some embodiments, the sensing branch includes:

[0038] An acousto-optic modulator connected to a second optical coupler, a first optical amplifier connected to the acousto-optic modulator, and a first filter connected to the first optical amplifier;

[0039] Among them, the acousto-optic modulator is used to perform pulse modulation and frequency shift modulation on the third optical signal to obtain the fifth optical signal, and then transmits the fifth optical signal to the first optical amplifier;

[0040] The first optical amplifier is used to amplify the fifth optical signal and transmit the amplified fifth optical signal to the first filter;

[0041] The first filter is used to filter the amplified fifth optical signal to obtain the sensing signal.

[0042] In some embodiments, the communication branch includes:

[0043] A co-phase quadrature modulator connected to the second optical coupler, a second optical amplifier connected to the co-phase quadrature modulator, and a second filter connected to the second optical amplifier;

[0044] Among them, the in-phase quadrature modulator is used to modulate the fourth optical signal to obtain the sixth optical signal, and then transmit the sixth optical signal to the second optical amplifier;

[0045] The second optical amplifier is used to amplify the sixth optical signal to obtain the amplified sixth optical signal, and then transmit the amplified sixth optical signal to the second filter;

[0046] The second filter is used to filter the amplified sixth optical signal to obtain the communication signal.

[0047] In some embodiments, the fusion module further includes:

[0048] An arbitrary waveform generator is used to generate the modulation signals required for the sensing branch and the communication branch.

[0049] In some embodiments, multiple sensor fusion transceiver modules are configured, and any two sensor fusion transceiver modules are connected by a circulator.

[0050] Secondly, this application provides an integrated method for fiber optic communication and sensing, applied to the integrated device for fiber optic communication and sensing in the first aspect or any of the embodiments of the first aspect, wherein when two sensing fusion transceiver modules are configured, it includes:

[0051] A first instruction is sent to the first optical receiving unit in the first sensing fusion transceiver module, so that the first optical receiving unit selects a sensing signal from the sensing fusion signal generated by the first sensing fusion transceiver module for reception according to the first instruction;

[0052] A second instruction is sent to the second optical receiving unit in the second sensing fusion transceiver module, so that the second optical receiving unit selects a communication signal from the sensing fusion signal generated by the first sensing fusion transceiver module for reception according to the second instruction.

[0053] Overall, the technical solutions conceived in this application have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0054] This application provides an integrated method and apparatus for fiber optic communication and sensing. By using the optical signal emitted by a laser source as a common light source for both communication and sensing, the communication signal used for communication and the sensing signal used for sensing are fused at the modulation end to generate a fused signal. This enables the communication signal and the sensing signal to be transmitted in the same optical fiber, improving the utilization rate of optical fiber resources, reducing the complexity and cost of system deployment, and achieving resource sharing and collaborative optimization. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated structure of optical fiber communication and sensing provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical receiving unit provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a frequency band distribution diagram of the synaptic fusion signal provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0058] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the inductive fusion transceiver module provided in this application embodiment applied to a point-to-point communication system;

[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the inductive fusion transceiver module provided in this application applied to a dense wavelength division multiplexing system for bidirectional transmission;

[0060] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inductive fusion transceiver module for relay provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0061] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inductive fusion transceiver module placed on terminal A according to an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inductive fusion transceiver module placed on terminal B according to an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the integrated method for fiber optic communication and sensing provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0064] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0065] In this article, the term "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. The symbol " / " in this article indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship; for example, A / B means A or B.

[0066] The terms "first" and "second," etc., used in the description and claims herein are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order of the objects. For example, "first optical signal" and "second optical signal," etc., are used to distinguish different optical signals, not to describe a specific order of the optical signals.

[0067] In the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate that something is an example, illustration, or description. Any embodiment or design that is described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of the terms "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0068] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more, for example, multiple sensor fusion transceiver modules means two or more sensor fusion transceiver modules, etc.

[0069] The fiber optic communication and sensing integrated device provided in this application embodiment, when in operation, has an optical transmitting unit at the transmitting end emitting an optical signal. During transmission, the optical sensing unit simultaneously monitors sensing information, such as temperature and stress, and can modulate this information into the optical signal. The optical receiving unit at the receiving end receives the optical signal including communication and sensing information, separates these two types of information, and sends them to the signal processing unit for digital signal processing. The receiving and transmitting ends use completely identical optical structures, enabling simultaneous communication and sensing at both ends of the link. The fiber optic communication and sensing integrated device provided in this application embodiment not only enables bidirectional transmission and hardware / software sharing, but also improves the utilization efficiency of fiber optic resources, reduces waste from redundant construction, and simplifies the system architecture and reduces operating and maintenance costs through the sharing and collaborative optimization of hardware and software resources.

[0070] The embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0071] See Figure 1 This application provides an integrated device for fiber optic communication and sensing, comprising:

[0072] A synergistic transceiver module consisting of an optical transmitting unit 110 and an optical receiving unit 120 connected to the optical transmitting unit 110;

[0073] The optical emitting unit 110 includes a laser source 1 and a fusion module;

[0074] Laser source 1 is used to transmit optical signals to the fusion module;

[0075] The fusion module, connected to the laser source 1, is used to generate a fusion signal including communication signals and sensing signals based on the optical signal, and send the fusion signal to the optical receiving unit 120.

[0076] The optical receiving unit 120 is connected to the fusion module and is used to select communication signals or sensing signals from the fusion signals for reception.

[0077] In this embodiment of the application, the integrated optical fiber communication and sensing device can be specifically composed of a sensing fusion transceiver module, which consists of an optical transmitting unit 110 and an optical receiving unit 120 connected to the optical transmitting unit 110.

[0078] The optical emitting unit 110 includes a laser source 1 and a fusion module connected to the laser source 1. The laser source 1 is an ultra-narrow linewidth continuous wave laser to meet the requirements of high-precision fiber optic sensors. The laser source 1 can serve as a shared light source for communication and sensing, emitting optical signals to the fusion module.

[0079] The fusion module generates a fusion signal of communication signal for communication and sensing signal for sensing based on the received optical signal, and sends the fusion signal to the optical receiving unit 120 connected to the fusion module.

[0080] The optical receiving unit 120 can be specifically used to select one of the communication signal or the sensing signal from the above-mentioned fusion signal for reception.

[0081] The fiber optic communication and sensing fusion integrated device provided in this application uses the optical signal emitted by the laser source as a common light source for communication and sensing. After fusing the communication signal used for communication and the sensing signal used for sensing at the modulation end, a fusion signal is generated, which enables the communication signal and the sensing signal to be transmitted in the same optical fiber, improves the utilization rate of optical fiber resources, reduces the complexity and cost of system deployment, and realizes resource sharing and collaborative optimization.

[0082] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the fusion module may include:

[0083] First optical coupler 2, second optical coupler 3, third optical coupler 11, sensing branch and communication branch;

[0084] The first optical coupler 2 is connected to the laser source 1 and is used to couple optical signals to generate a first optical signal and a second optical signal.

[0085] The second optical coupler 3 is connected to the first optical coupler 2 and is used to couple the first optical signal to generate the third optical signal and the fourth optical signal;

[0086] The sensing branch is connected to the second optical coupler 11 and is used to generate a sensing signal based on the third optical signal.

[0087] The communication branch is connected to the second optical coupler 3 and is used to generate a communication signal based on the fourth optical signal;

[0088] The third optical coupler 11 is connected to the sensing branch and the communication branch respectively, and is used to couple the communication signal and the sensing signal to generate a fusion signal, and send the fusion signal to the optical receiving unit 120.

[0089] Please continue reading Figure 1 The fusion module may specifically include a first optical coupler 2, a second optical coupler 3, a third optical coupler 11, a sensing branch, and a communication branch.

[0090] The optical signal emitted by laser source 1 is split into two parts by the first optical coupler 2. One part of the light enters the lower branch as the local oscillator light (i.e., the second optical signal) for coherent reception, while the other part enters the upper branch. The optical signal in the upper branch (i.e., the first optical signal) is split into a sensing branch and a communication branch after passing through the second optical coupler 3 connected to the first optical coupler 2. The second optical coupler 3 couples the first optical signal and splits it into two optical signals: a third optical signal that enters the sensing branch and a fourth optical signal that enters the communication branch.

[0091] The sensing branch generates a sensing signal for sensing by modulating the aforementioned third optical signal.

[0092] The communication branch generates a communication signal for communication by modulating the aforementioned fourth optical signal.

[0093] The sensing signal and the communication signal are coupled together by the third optical coupler 11 connected to the sensing branch and the communication branch, and then merged into a single signal to obtain a fusion signal. The fusion signal is then sent to the optical receiving unit 120.

[0094] In this embodiment, the first optical coupler 2 and the second optical coupler 3 can be optical splitters, and the third optical coupler 11 can be an optical combiner.

[0095] The fiber optic communication and sensing fusion device provided in this application embodiment uses an ultra-narrow linewidth continuous wave laser as a common light source for communication and sensing, and splits the light into communication and sensing branches at the modulation end, which simplifies the system structure and equipment requirements.

[0096] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the device may further include:

[0097] The circulator is connected to the third optical coupler 11 and the optical receiving unit 120 respectively, and is used to transmit the fusion signal to the optical receiving unit.

[0098] Please continue reading Figure 1 The device also includes a circulator connected to the third optical coupler 11 and the optical receiving unit 120.

[0099] The communication signal generated by the communication branch and the sensing signal generated by the sensing branch are fused together by the third optical coupler 11, and the resulting fused signal is transmitted to the optical receiving unit 120 via the circulator.

[0100] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the light receiving unit 120 may include:

[0101] Signal selection element 12 and coherent receiver 14 connected to signal selection element 12 and first optical coupler 2 respectively;

[0102] The signal selection element 12 is connected to the circulator and is used to select a sensing signal or a communication signal from the sensing fusion signal sent by the circulator for reception and to send the sensing signal or communication signal to the coherent receiver 14.

[0103] The coherent receiver 14 is used to receive the sensing signal or communication signal according to the second optical signal, and demodulate the sensing signal or communication signal through its internal signal processing unit to obtain the communication information in the transmitted communication signal or the sensing information in the sensing signal.

[0104] Please continue reading Figure 1 The optical receiving unit 120 may specifically include a signal selection element 12 and a coherent receiver 14 connected to the signal selection element 12 and the first optical coupler 2 respectively.

[0105] For example, the signal selection element 12 is generally an optical bandpass filter, which selects the received communication and sensing fusion signal to select the communication signal or the sensing signal for coherent reception and processing. Alternatively, a wavelength selection switch can be used to receive and process the communication signal and the sensing signal separately through two channels.

[0106] The coherent receiver 14 is used to receive communication signals or sensing signals based on the principle of coherent detection. Specifically, it receives communication signals or sensing signals based on the local oscillator light (i.e., the second optical signal) after the optical signal emitted by the laser source 1 is split.

[0107] To facilitate photoelectric detection, an optical amplifier 13 is also provided in this embodiment, with its input and output terminals connected to the signal selection element 12 and the coherent receiver 14, respectively, for amplifying the aforementioned communication signal or sensing signal.

[0108] The signal processing unit is used to demodulate the sensing signal or communication signal, and perform corresponding processing and analysis to obtain the transmitted communication information or sensing information.

[0109] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the coherent receiver 14 may include:

[0110] The system comprises a first polarization beam splitter, a second polarization beam splitter, a first mixer, a second mixer, a balanced detector module, an analog-to-digital converter, and a digital signal processing module.

[0111] The first polarization beam splitter is connected to the first optical coupler and is used to split the second optical signal into a first polarized optical signal and a second polarized optical signal with mutually orthogonal polarization directions.

[0112] The second polarization beam splitter, connected to the signal selection element, is used to split the communication signal or the sensing signal into a third polarized light signal and a fourth polarized light signal with mutually orthogonal polarization directions. The third polarized light signal and the first polarized light signal are in phase, and the fourth polarized light signal and the second polarized light signal are in phase.

[0113] The first mixer, connected to the first polarization beam splitter, is used to perform heterodyne mixing on the first polarized light signal and the third polarized light signal to obtain the first intermediate frequency signal.

[0114] The second mixer, connected to the second polarization beam splitter, is used to perform heterodyne mixing on the second polarized light signal and the fourth polarized light signal to obtain the second intermediate frequency signal.

[0115] The first balanced detector module is connected to the first mixer and the second mixer respectively, and is used to measure the first in-phase component and the first quadrature component in the first intermediate frequency signal, and to measure the second in-phase component and the second quadrature component in the second intermediate frequency signal.

[0116] An analog-to-digital converter, connected to the first balanced detector module, is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first in-phase component, the first quadrature component, the second in-phase component, and the second quadrature component to obtain the corresponding digital signal.

[0117] The digital signal processing module, connected to the analog-to-digital converter, is used to process digital signals to obtain communication or sensing information.

[0118] Please see further. Figure 2The polarization diversity-based coherent receiver 14 includes two polarization beamsplitters (a first polarization beamsplitter and a second polarization beamsplitter, respectively), two mixers (a first mixer and a second mixer, respectively), a balanced detector module consisting of four balanced detectors, a digital-to-analog converter, and a signal processing module. In this embodiment, the mixers all employ... Mixer.

[0119] In this coherent receiver 14, the fused signal passes through the signal selection element 12 and the optical amplifier 13 before entering the first polarization beamsplitter and the second polarization beamsplitter. The input light (i.e., the communication signal or the sensing signal) is split into two beams with orthogonal polarization directions according to their polarization states. These beams then pass through two independent... The mixer performs heterodyne mixing with the local oscillator light, which has also undergone polarization separation. The signal after passing through the balanced detector is then processed by the signal processing unit through analog-to-digital conversion and algorithm processing to finally recover the communication and sensing information.

[0120] Specifically, the first polarization beam splitter connected to the first optical coupler 2 splits the local oscillator light (i.e. the second optical signal) into two beams of light with mutually orthogonal polarization directions, namely the first polarized light signal and the second polarized light signal.

[0121] The second polarization beam splitter, connected to the signal selection element 12 via the optical amplifier 13, splits the amplified communication signal or sensing signal into two beams of light with mutually orthogonal polarization directions, namely a third polarized light signal and a fourth polarized light signal. Furthermore, the third polarized light signal is in phase with the first polarized light signal, and the fourth polarized light signal is in phase with the second polarized light signal.

[0122] The first mixer, connected to the first polarization beam splitter, performs heterodyne mixing on the first polarized light signal and the third polarized light signal to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, namely the first intermediate frequency signal.

[0123] The second mixer, connected to the second polarization beam splitter, performs heterodyne mixing on the second polarized light signal and the fourth polarized light signal to obtain an intermediate frequency signal, namely the second intermediate frequency signal.

[0124] The two balanced detectors connected to the first mixer and the two balanced detectors connected to the second mixer together constitute the first balanced detector module. The two balanced detectors connected to the first mixer can be used to measure the first in-phase component and the first quadrature component in the first intermediate frequency signal; the two balanced detectors connected to the second mixer can be used to measure the second in-phase component and the second quadrature component in the second intermediate frequency signal.

[0125] Please continue reading Figure 2The signal processing unit may include an analog-to-digital converter connected to the first balanced detector module and a digital signal processing module connected to the analog-to-digital converter.

[0126] This analog-to-digital converter can be used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the aforementioned phase component, first quadrature component, second in-phase component, and second quadrature component to obtain the corresponding digital signal, and then send the digital signal to the digital signal processing module connected to it.

[0127] The digital signal processing module processes the digital signal to obtain the transmitted communication information or sensing information.

[0128] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the sensing branch may include:

[0129] The acousto-optic modulator 4 connected to the second optical coupler 3, the first optical amplifier 7 connected to the acousto-optic modulator 4, and the first filter 9 connected to the first optical amplifier 7;

[0130] Among them, the acousto-optic modulator 4 is used to perform pulse modulation and frequency shift modulation on the third optical signal to obtain the fifth optical signal, and transmit the fifth optical signal to the first optical amplifier;

[0131] The first optical amplifier 7 is used to amplify the fifth optical signal and transmit the amplified fifth optical signal to the first filter 9;

[0132] The first filter 9 is used to filter the amplified fifth optical signal to obtain the sensing signal.

[0133] Please continue reading Figure 1 The sensing branch may specifically include an acousto-optic modulator 4, a first optical amplifier 7, and a first filter 9.

[0134] The acousto-optic modulator 4 is connected to the second optical coupler 3, the first optical amplifier 7 is connected to the acousto-optic modulator 4, and the first filter 9 is connected to the first amplifier 7.

[0135] The third optical signal entering the sensing branch first enters the acousto-optic modulator 4. After pulse modulation and frequency shift modulation by the acousto-optic modulator 4, the fifth optical signal is obtained. Then, the fifth optical signal is amplified by the optical amplifier 7 and transmitted to the first filter 9. After noise reduction by the first filter 9, the sensing signal is obtained. Finally, the sensing signal enters the third optical coupler 11 to complete signal fusion.

[0136] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the fusion module may further include:

[0137] Arbitrary waveform generator 5 is used to generate the modulation signals required for the sensing branch and the communication branch.

[0138] Please continue reading Figure 1 The fusion module also includes an arbitrary waveform generator 5, which is connected to the acousto-optic modulator 4 and the IQ modulator 6, respectively. It can be used to generate the modulation signals required for the sensing branch and the communication branch.

[0139] Specifically, the arbitrary waveform generator 5 generates the modulation signal required for pulse modulation and frequency shift modulation of the third optical signal by the acousto-optic modulator 4, and modulates the third optical signal based on the modulation signal to generate a sensing signal. The arbitrary waveform generator 5 generates the modulation signal required for IQ modulation of the fourth optical signal by the in-phase quadrature modulator, and modulates the fourth optical signal based on the modulation signal to generate a communication signal.

[0140] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the communication tributary may include:

[0141] The second optical coupler 3 is connected to the in-phase quadrature modulator 6, the second optical amplifier 8 is connected to the in-phase quadrature modulator 6, and the second optical amplifier 8 is connected to the second filter 10;

[0142] Among them, the in-phase quadrature modulator 6 is used to modulate the fourth optical signal to obtain the sixth optical signal, and transmit the sixth optical signal to the second optical amplifier 8;

[0143] The second optical amplifier 8 is used to amplify the sixth optical signal to obtain the amplified sixth optical signal, and then transmit the amplified sixth optical signal to the second filter 10.

[0144] The second filter 10 is used to filter the amplified sixth optical signal to obtain the communication signal.

[0145] Please continue reading Figure 1 The communication branch may include an in-phase quadrature modulator 6, a second optical amplifier 8, and a second filter 10.

[0146] The in-phase quadrature modulator 6 is connected to the second optical coupler 3, the second optical amplifier 8 is connected to the in-phase quadrature modulator 6, and the second filter 10 is connected to the second optical amplifier 8.

[0147] The fourth optical signal entering the communication branch first enters the in-phase quadrature (IQ) modulator 6. After IQ modulation, the fourth optical signal is generated into a sixth optical signal, which is then transmitted to the second optical amplifier 8. The sixth optical signal is amplified by the second optical amplifier 8 and then transmitted to the second filter 10. Noise is then removed by the second filter 10 to obtain the communication signal. Finally, this communication signal enters the third optical coupler 11 and is fused with the sensing signal generated by the sensing branch. Together, they enter the transmission link via the circulator.

[0148] This application embodiment achieves bidirectional transmission of signals used for communication and signals used for sensing on the same optical fiber, avoiding the complexity and cost of multi-fiber cabling and improving the utilization efficiency of optical fiber resources.

[0149] Please see further. Figure 3 For communication signals, the ultra-narrow linewidth light source achieves dual-band high-capacity signal carrying through IQ modulator 6, with a GHz-level gap between the two widebands, which is set as the sensing band. In the sensing band, a high extinction ratio optical sensing signal modulation is achieved through acousto-optic modulator 4, with a sensing signal bandwidth of several hundred MHz (located in the middle of the band gap), ensuring no interference with the communication band and realizing the integration of communication and sensing signals.

[0150] In this embodiment, by utilizing frequency band reuse technology to allocate communication signals used for communication and sensing signals used for sensing to different frequency bands, efficient data transmission and processing are achieved, while reducing signal interference and system energy consumption.

[0151] Furthermore, in some embodiments, multiple sensing fusion transceiver modules are configured, and any two sensing fusion transceiver modules are connected through a circulator.

[0152] In this embodiment of the application, the number of sensor fusion transceiver modules can be set to multiple, and any two sensor fusion transceiver modules are connected through a circulator.

[0153] For example, please see further. Figure 4 The number of sensor fusion transceiver modules is set to two, namely the first sensor fusion transceiver module and the second sensor fusion transceiver module. The optical coupler in the sensor fusion module is... Figure 4 The image is not shown in the diagram. The specific working principle is as follows:

[0154] Taking the working mode of transmitting from terminal A, where the first sensing fusion transceiver module is located, and receiving from terminal B, where the second sensing fusion transceiver module is located, as an example, the optical transmitting unit in the first sensing fusion module of terminal A generates and emits a sensing fusion signal, which contains data information for communication. Simultaneously, the signal selection element 12 of terminal A collects sensor signals and demodulates environmental information such as temperature and stress. At this time, the sensor information can be modulated into the communication signal via the communication branch, so that the communication data information can include real-time environmental information. The optical receiving unit of terminal B receives the sensing fusion signal sent from terminal A. At the receiving end, the signal selection element 12 of terminal B collects the communication signal, completing the reception of the communication signal from terminal A. In this process, terminal A transmits the sensing fusion signal, simultaneously sensing environmental information and transmitting the sensing fusion signal to terminal B, which then receives the signal. Conversely, terminal B can also transmit the sensing fusion signal, with terminal A acting as the corresponding signal receiver.

[0155] Please see further. Figure 5 , Figure 5 The working principle of the inductive fusion transceiver module applied to a dense wavelength division multiplexing system for bidirectional transmission is demonstrated in detail:

[0156] In dense wavelength division multiplexing systems, set up Wavelength channels are used for high-capacity communication. Wavelength channels are used for inductive fusion signal transmission. In a dual-core bidirectional transmission system, the inductive fusion transceiver module has two structures, used for relay and terminal transceiver respectively. The inductive fusion transceiver module used for relay is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, the structure of the sensor fusion transceiver module placed in the terminal is as follows: Figure 7 As shown in the diagram. The inductive fusion transceiver module placed in the terminal transmits the inductive fusion signal from terminal A, and receives the signal at terminal B. The signal waveform is shown in the diagram. Figure 3 As shown. The inductive fusion transceiver module used for relaying first uses OADM for downloading and uploading. The channel signal sustains the signal transmission of the wavelength division multiplexing system. Next, two circulators connect the sensor signals to the bidirectional link, and the link environment information is obtained by demodulating the backscattered light. The optical receiving unit in the relay-type inductive fusion transceiver module receives the scattered sensor signals returning from both directions via the circulator. After receiving and processing the sensor signals, the demodulated sensor information can be modulated into the communication wavelength channel via the communication branch, allowing the communication data to include real-time environmental information. That is, the inductive fusion signal is transmitted from terminal A to terminal B, and the sensor signal is transmitted from terminal B to terminal A.

[0157] It should be noted that this technology can also be applied to large-scale dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) communication systems, such as submarine communication networks and urban underground transportation communication networks. By accessing the sensing fusion transceiver module, high-precision perception of environmental information can be achieved on the basis of existing communication networks. The embodiments of this application are not limited to dual-core bidirectional systems and can be extended to single-core bidirectional systems and multi-core bidirectional systems.

[0158] Please see further. Figure 6 , Figure 6 The structure of the inductive fusion transceiver module used for relaying is shown in detail, and its working principle is as follows:

[0159] The inductive fusion transceiver module used for relaying has three main external interfaces: IN, OA, and OB. IN and OB are used to assist with OADM downloading and uploading. The channel signal completes the transmission of communication signals in the wavelength division multiplexing system. OA and OB act as sensor transmitters. OA transmits low-frequency sensor signals from terminal B to terminal A, and OB transmits a fusion signal from terminal A to terminal B. After receiving and processing the sensor signals, the demodulated sensor information is modulated into the communication wavelength channel via the communication branch, and then transmitted as a fusion signal via the OB port to terminal B.

[0160] Specifically, the structure of the inductive fusion transceiver module used for relays is more complex than that of the terminal's inductive fusion transceiver module. Based on the terminal's inductive fusion transceiver module, the first optical coupler 2 is a 1-to-4 coupler, with one main branch used for signal modulation and transmission, and three branches serving as local oscillators for coherent reception. Coupler 111 branches off a low-frequency sensor signal from the sensing branch and outputs it from port OA via a circulator. Coupler 112 functions similarly to coupler 11, used for coupling the communication sensor signal. The fused inductive signal is then output from port OB via a circulator. 121, 122, and 123 are all signal selection elements, typically filters. 121 and 122 filter out high-frequency signals, retaining the sensor signal. 123 filters out low-frequency sensor signals from the downloaded inductive fusion signal, retaining the communication signal. 131, 132, and 133 are all optical amplifiers, used to enhance signal light intensity. 141, 142, and 143 are all optical receiving units, with structures as follows... Figure 2 As shown. 141 and 142 are used to receive and demodulate sensor signals, and 143 is used to receive and demodulate communication signals. The sensor information obtained by demodulating 141 and 142 ( t The signal (at a specific time) is loaded onto arbitrary waveform generator 5, and can be modulated into the communication band in the communication branch as communication information through arbitrary waveform generator 5. In general, sensor signals are sent for environmental perception via ports OA and OB in the direction from terminal A to B and from terminal B to A, respectively. In the direction from terminal A to B, the signal is downloaded via port IN. The channel signal is the communication signal from the previous node transmitted via the OB port, along with bidirectional sensing information. Channel signal.

[0161] Please see further. Figure 7 , Figure 7 The structure of the inductive fusion transceiver module placed on terminal A is shown in detail, and its working principle is as follows:

[0162] The inductive fusion transceiver module placed on terminal A has only one external interface OB, and its structure and... Figure 1 Similarly, OB serves as the transmitting port for the inductive fusion signal, transmitting low-frequency sensing signals to the other terminal. After receiving and processing the sensing signals, the demodulated sensing information and the communication signals to be transmitted can be modulated into the wavelength channel via the communication branch, and then transmitted as an inductive fusion signal through the OB port to the other side.

[0163] Specifically, coupler 2 is a 1-to-2 coupler, with one main branch used for signal modulation and transmission, and the other branch serving as the local oscillator for coherent reception. 124 is a signal selection element, typically a filter, used to filter out high-frequency signals and retain the sensing signal. 134 is an optical amplifier used to enhance the signal light intensity. 144 is the optical receiving unit, with the structure as shown... Figure 2 As shown. Port 144 is used to receive and demodulate sensor signals. The sensor information demodulated by 144 and the information that terminal A needs to send to terminal B can be modulated into the communication band in the communication tributary using arbitrary waveform generator 5 as communication information. In general, in the inter-terminal transmission direction, sensor signals are received through port OB, and the communication signals to be sent and information containing unidirectional sensor information are also uploaded through port OB. Channel signal.

[0164] Please see further. Figure 8 , Figure 8 The structure and working principle of the inductive fusion transceiver module placed on terminal B are shown in detail:

[0165] The sensing fusion transceiver module located at terminal B has two external interfaces, IN and OA. IN is used to download the communication signals for the entire link, enabling the reception of communication signals in the wavelength division multiplexing system. OA acts as the sensor signal transmitter, transmitting low-frequency sensor signals towards terminal A, thereby enabling the reception and processing of these signals.

[0166] Specifically, the sensor fusion transceiver module placed at the terminal is different from the sensor fusion transceiver module used for relaying ( Figure 6The structure does not require a communication branch. Coupler 2 is a 1-to-3 coupler; one main branch is used for sensor signal modulation and transmission, and two branches serve as local oscillator beams for coherent reception. Components 125 and 126 are signal selection elements, typically filters. Component 125 filters out low-frequency sensor signals from the downloaded inductive fusion signal, retaining the communication signal. Component 126 filters out high-frequency signals, retaining the sensor signal. Components 135 and 136 are optical amplifiers used to enhance signal light intensity. Components 145 and 146 are optical receiving units, with the structure as shown below. Figure 2 As shown. Port 145 is used to receive and demodulate communication signals, and port 146 is used to receive and demodulate sensor signals. In general, in the inter-terminal transmission direction, downloading is done via the IN port. The channel signal is unidirectionally sensed from the OB port on the link from terminal B to terminal A.

[0167] This embodiment employs an ultra-narrow linewidth continuous-wave laser as the shared light source for both communication and sensing. At the transmitting end, an optical coupler splits the continuous-wave light into two paths: one path serves as the local oscillator input to the coherent receiver, and the other path, after passing through the optical coupler, enters the communication branch and the sensing branch, respectively. For the communication branch, an IQ modulator loads the communication signal, which then passes through an optical filter to eliminate sidebands and residual optical carriers, followed by optical amplification. For the sensing branch, an acousto-optic modulator modulates the signal into pulsed light and performs frequency shifting, followed by optical filtering and amplification. The sensing signal occupies the low-frequency band of the spectrum, while the communication signal occupies the high-frequency band.

[0168] At the receiving end, the communication signal or sensor signal enters the circulator. An optical amplifier amplifies the signal light, and a signal selection element selects between low-frequency sensor signals and high-frequency communication signals. The amplified signal light and the local oscillator light undergo heterodyne detection at a coherent receiver and are converted into electrical signals, which then enter an analog-to-digital converter and a digital signal processing module for further processing.

[0169] The fiber optic communication and sensing fusion device provided in this application embodiment achieves an organic combination of communication and sensing functions. It employs an ultra-narrow linewidth continuous wave laser as a shared laser source for both communication and sensing, and utilizes bandwidth multiplexing technology to solve the technical challenge of deep integration of communication and sensing from a system architecture perspective. This not only improves the utilization rate of fiber optic resources and reduces system complexity and cost, but also provides bidirectional communication and sensing capabilities, demonstrating broad application prospects.

[0170] The integrated fiber optic communication and sensing device provided in this application can be applied to the fields of fiber optic communication and sensing, and can be deployed in existing fiber optic communication networks to achieve communication and sensing fusion. It can be used for monitoring social infrastructure, power systems, and transportation lines, and for sensing changes in environmental factors such as temperature stress in oil and gas pipelines and submarine cables.

[0171] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application are applied to the field of fiber optic communication sensing, and are not limited to dual-core bidirectional systems. They can be extended to single-core bidirectional systems and multi-core bidirectional systems. They can also be extended to the fields of space laser communication and lidar, and the transmission medium is not limited to optical fiber. Furthermore, this invention is not limited to frequency division multiplexing schemes; time division multiplexing based on the hardware structure of the invention can also achieve the fusion of communication sensing signals.

[0172] The detection methods used for the sensing branch are not limited to simple optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) and phase-sensitive optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR). Based on the principle of ), optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) based on chirped pulses can also be used. ) and optical frequency domain reflection (OFDR).

[0173] The fiber optic communication and sensing fusion device provided in this application embodiment achieves the transmission of communication and sensing signals on the same fiber by sharing a laser and a receiver, thereby improving the utilization rate of fiber optic resources and reducing system complexity and cost.

[0174] The following describes the integrated method for fiber optic communication and sensing provided by the present invention. The integrated method for fiber optic communication and sensing described below can be applied to the integrated device for fiber optic communication and sensing described above.

[0175] See Figure 9 This application provides an integrated method for fiber optic communication and sensing, which may include steps S1 and S2 when two sensing and sensing transceiver modules are set.

[0176] Step S1 sends a first instruction to the first optical receiving unit in the first sensing fusion transceiver module, so that the first optical receiving unit selects a sensing signal from the sensing fusion signal generated by the first sensing fusion transceiver module for reception according to the first instruction;

[0177] Step S2 sends a second instruction to the second optical receiving unit in the second sensing fusion transceiver module, so that the second optical receiving unit selects a communication signal from the sensing fusion signal generated by the first sensing fusion transceiver module for reception according to the second instruction.

[0178] The fiber optic communication and sensing fusion method provided in this application uses the optical signal emitted by a laser source as a common light source for both communication and sensing. At the modulation end, the communication signal used for communication and the sensing signal used for sensing are fused to generate a fused signal, enabling the communication signal and the sensing signal to be transmitted in the same optical fiber. This improves the utilization rate of optical fiber resources, reduces the complexity and cost of system deployment, and achieves resource sharing and collaborative optimization.

[0179] It should be understood that expressions such as “comprising” and “may include” used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as “comprising” and / or “having” are to be interpreted as indicating a particular characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but not to exclude the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0180] Furthermore, in this application, the expression "and / or" includes any and all combinations of the associated listed words. For example, the expression "A and / or B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0181] In the description of the embodiments of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a detachable connection or a non-detachable connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. "Fixed connection" refers to a connection where the relative positional relationship remains unchanged after connection. "Rotary connection" refers to a connection where the components can rotate relative to each other after connection. "Sliding connection" refers to a connection where the components can slide relative to each other after connection. The directional terms mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "left," and "right," are only for reference to the directions in the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for better and clearer explanation and understanding of the embodiments of this application, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the embodiments of this application.

[0182] Furthermore, the mathematical concepts mentioned in the embodiments of this application, such as symmetry, equality, parallelism, and perpendicularity, are limitations specific to the current technological level, rather than absolute and strict mathematical definitions. Slight deviations are permissible; approximations of symmetry, equality, parallelism, and perpendicularity are all acceptable. For example, "A and B are parallel" means that A and B are parallel or approximately parallel, and the angle between A and B can be between 0 and 10 degrees. "A and B are perpendicular" means that A and B are perpendicular or approximately perpendicular, and the angle between A and B can be between 80 and 100 degrees.

[0183] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated device for fiber optic communication and sensing, characterized in that, include: A fusion transceiver module consisting of an optical emitting unit and an optical receiving unit connected to the optical emitting unit; The optical emitting unit includes a laser source and a fusion module; The laser source is used to emit optical signals to the fusion module; The fusion module is connected to the laser source and is used to generate a fusion signal including communication signals and sensing signals based on the optical signal, and send the fusion signal to the optical receiving unit. The optical receiving unit is connected to the fusion module and is used to select the communication signal or the sensing signal from the fusion signal for reception. The fusion module includes: First optical coupler, second optical coupler, third optical coupler, sensing branch and communication branch; The first optical coupler is connected to the laser source and is used to couple the optical signal to generate a first optical signal and a second optical signal. The second optical coupler, connected to the first optical coupler, is used to couple the first optical signal to generate a third optical signal and a fourth optical signal; The sensing branch is connected to the second optical coupler and is used to generate the sensing signal based on the third optical signal; The communication branch is connected to the second optical coupler and is used to generate the communication signal based on the fourth optical signal; The third optical coupler is connected to the sensing branch and the communication branch respectively, and is used to couple the communication signal and the sensing signal to generate the fusion signal, and send the fusion signal to the optical receiving unit.

2. The integrated optical fiber communication and sensing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The circulator is connected to the third optical coupler and the optical receiving unit respectively, and is used to transmit the synergistic signal to the optical receiving unit.

3. The integrated optical fiber communication and sensing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The optical receiving unit includes: A signal selection element and a coherent receiver connected to the signal selection element and the first optical coupler respectively; The signal selection element is connected to the circulator and is used to select the sensing signal or the communication signal from the sensing fusion signal sent by the circulator for reception, and to send the sensing signal or the communication signal to the coherent receiver. The coherent receiver is used to receive the sensing signal or the communication signal based on the second optical signal, and to obtain the sensing information in the sensing signal or the communication information in the communication signal.

4. The integrated optical fiber communication and sensing device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The coherent receiver includes: The system comprises a first polarization beam splitter, a second polarization beam splitter, a first mixer, a second mixer, a balanced detector module, an analog-to-digital converter, and a digital signal processing module. The first polarization beam splitter is connected to the first optical coupler and is used to split the second optical signal into a first polarized optical signal and a second polarized optical signal whose polarization directions are orthogonal to each other. The second polarization beam splitter, connected to the signal selection element, is used to split the communication signal or the sensing signal into a third polarized light signal and a fourth polarized light signal with mutually orthogonal polarization directions. The third polarized light signal and the first polarized light signal have the same phase, and the fourth polarized light signal and the second polarized light signal have the same phase. The first mixer, connected to the first polarization beam splitter, is used to perform heterodyne mixing on the first polarized light signal and the third polarized light signal to obtain a first intermediate frequency signal; The second mixer, connected to the second polarization beam splitter, is used to perform heterodyne mixing on the second polarized light signal and the fourth polarized light signal to obtain the second intermediate frequency signal; The balanced detector module is connected to the first mixer and the second mixer respectively, and is used to measure the first in-phase component and the first quadrature component in the first intermediate frequency signal, and to measure the second in-phase component and the second quadrature component in the second intermediate frequency signal. The analog-to-digital converter is connected to the balanced detector module and is used to perform analog-to-digital conversion on the first in-phase component, the first quadrature component, the second in-phase component, and the second quadrature component to obtain the corresponding digital signal. The digital signal processing module is connected to the analog-to-digital converter and is used to process the digital signal to obtain the communication information or the sensing information.

5. The integrated optical fiber communication and sensing device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sensing branch includes: An acousto-optic modulator connected to a second optical coupler, a first optical amplifier connected to the acousto-optic modulator, and a first filter connected to the first optical amplifier; The acousto-optic modulator is used to perform pulse modulation and frequency shift modulation on the third optical signal to obtain a fifth optical signal, and transmit the fifth optical signal to the first optical amplifier; The first optical amplifier is used to amplify the fifth optical signal and transmit the amplified fifth optical signal to the first filter; The first filter is used to filter the amplified fifth optical signal to obtain the sensing signal.

6. The integrated optical fiber communication and sensing device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The communication branch includes: A quadrature modulator connected to the second optical coupler, a second optical amplifier connected to the quadrature modulator, and a second filter connected to the second optical amplifier; The in-phase quadrature modulator is used to modulate the fourth optical signal to obtain the sixth optical signal, and transmit the sixth optical signal to the second optical amplifier. The second optical amplifier is used to amplify the sixth optical signal to obtain the amplified sixth optical signal, and transmit the amplified sixth optical signal to the second filter; The second filter is used to filter the amplified sixth optical signal to obtain the communication signal.

7. The integrated optical fiber communication and sensing device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fusion module further includes: An arbitrary waveform generator is used to generate the modulation signals required for the sensing branch and the communication branch.

8. The integrated optical fiber communication and sensing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The sensor fusion transceiver module is configured as a plurality of modules, and any two sensor fusion transceiver modules are connected by a circulator.

9. A method for integrating optical fiber communication and sensing, applied to the integrated optical fiber communication and sensing device as described in claim 8, characterized in that, When there are two sensor fusion transceiver modules, including: A first instruction is sent to the first optical receiving unit in the first sensing fusion transceiver module, so that the first optical receiving unit selects a sensing signal from the sensing fusion signal generated by the first sensing fusion transceiver module for reception according to the first instruction; A second instruction is sent to the second optical receiving unit in the second sensing fusion transceiver module, so that the second optical receiving unit selects a communication signal from the sensing fusion signal generated by the first sensing fusion transceiver module for reception according to the second instruction.

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