Surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery and use method of surgical space exposure device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, and more particularly discloses a surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery and a use method thereof.The surgical space exposure device comprises a supporting frame, a mechanical arm is connected to the upper end of the supporting frame, an annular bag-like mechanism is arranged at the tail end of the supporting frame, and a two-way pump and a one-way pump are fixedly connected in the supporting frame; a collecting mechanism is arranged at the position, close to the one-way pump, of the side portion of the supporting frame, the ring-like bag mechanism can be inflated and expanded through the two-way pump to form a ring-like structure, a connecting rod mechanism and an expansion mechanism are arranged in an inner cavity of the ring-like bag mechanism, and the ring-like bag mechanism surrounds a smoke removal mechanism. According to the utility model, the required operation position is exposed, so that the operation area can be seen more clearly, the operation field is improved, the smoke removal effect is enhanced, the function of collecting overflowing blood and tissue fluid is added, and the success rate and the safety of the operation are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of surgical instruments, and more specifically to a surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery, such as laparoscopic anterior rectal resection, laparoscopic abdominal perineal rectal resection, laparoscopic resection of the presacral rectum with preservation, and radical resection of rectal cancer without anus preservation. The surgical space exposer, especially in laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery, is an important surgical auxiliary instrument. Its main function is to expose the position requiring surgery through specific design and operation during the operation, so that the doctor can see the surgical area more clearly and perform precise operations.

[0003] The invention patent disclosed as CN116831657A discloses a surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery, which belongs to the technical field of surgical auxiliary instruments. The surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery drives the first piston to inflate and expand the cylindrical airbag by operating the inflatable balloon, and drives the elastic structure to drive the two-way tooth plate to mesh with the hinge structure, so that the hinge structure props up the cylindrical airbag, so that the four cylindrical airbags are fully expanded to form a quadrilateral structure, so that they can be enclosed at the lesion position, so that the first trachea remains enclosed at the lesion position, and at this time, the gas circulation structure can be controlled to realize the exhaust operation through the shortest distance of the first trachea, so that the smoke can be quickly discharged and filtered and purified before circulating, so that it can prevent the smoke from affecting the camera system, and maintain the airflow circulation to avoid the reduction of the internal pressure of the abdominal cavity, which makes it difficult to meet the problem of the surgical abdominal cavity space affecting the smooth progress of the operation, and secondly, the exhaust can form an air wall at the lesion position to prevent small tissues from splashing.

[0004] Existing surgical exposers are not perfect. Although traditional handheld mechanical exposers can expose the surgical field of view to a certain extent, their exposure range may still be limited and have a fixed structure and operation mode. This limits the doctor's operational flexibility during the operation to a certain extent and is easy to block the surgical field of view. Although existing automatic exposers can expose the surgical position, the overall range will be reduced, and the range of movement of other surgical instruments will be more limited, affecting the surgical operating space, resulting in very inconvenient surgical operations, especially the smoke generated during the operation will block the surgical field of view. Surgical smoke contains a variety of harmful substances, such as bacteria, viruses, hydrocarbons, nitriles, fatty acids, phenols, etc. These substances cause harm to the respiratory system, eyes and other organs of medical staff. Long-term contact may also increase the risk of cancer and affect the surgeon's observation and judgment of the surgical site. In addition, blood and tissue fluid may overflow from the incision, greatly affecting the surgical field of view, and cannot be handled in time, reducing the accuracy of the operation. For this reason, we propose a surgical space exposer for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery and a method of using it. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery and a method of using the same to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solutions: a surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery, comprising a support frame, the upper end of the support frame is connected to a mechanical arm, the end of the support frame is provided with a quasi-annular capsule mechanism, a two-way pump and a one-way pump are fixedly connected to the support frame, a collecting mechanism is provided at the side of the support frame near the one-way pump, the quasi-annular capsule mechanism can be inflated by the two-way pump to form a quasi-annular structure, the inner chamber of the quasi-annular capsule mechanism is provided with a connecting rod mechanism and an expansion mechanism, the quasi-annular capsule mechanism is surrounded by a smoke removal mechanism, a moving mechanism is provided on the upper side of the support frame, an angle mechanism is movably provided on the upper side of the moving mechanism, a liquid removal mechanism is rotatably provided on the upper side of the angle mechanism, a diverter valve is connected to the output end of the one-way pump, and both the smoke removal mechanism and the liquid removal mechanism are connected to the diverter valve;

[0007] The liquid removal mechanism comprises a notched annular tube, a bent tube, a third small hole and a telescopic tube, one end of the telescopic tube is fixedly connected to the diverter valve, the bent tube is fixedly connected between the telescopic tube and the notched annular tube, and a plurality of second small holes and third small holes are opened on the surface of the notched annular tube;

[0008] Furthermore, the annular bag-like mechanism is composed of a hard tube shell, a hard spherical shell and an air bag, and two hard tube shells are symmetrically arranged, one end of the support frame is fixedly connected to one of the hard tube shells, both ends of the two hard tube shells are connected to the air bag through the hard spherical shell, and the two adjacent air bags are connected through the hard spherical shell. The inner wall of the hard tube shell close to the support frame is fixedly connected with a sealing plate, and the bottom of the two hard tube shells is fixedly connected with a plurality of protruding columns, and the side of the sealing plate is fixedly connected with a ventilation interface, and the output end of the two-way pump is fixedly connected with a soft air tube, and the other end of the soft air tube is fixedly connected to the ventilation interface.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting rod mechanism includes a straight connecting rod, an arc connecting rod and an ear shaft. Two of the connecting rod mechanisms are provided and are respectively fixedly connected in the hard tube shell. Two ear shafts are provided and are respectively fixedly connected in the hard spherical shell between the airbags. Four of the arc connecting rods are provided, and both ends of each of the arc connecting rods are respectively rotatably connected between the adjacent straight connecting rods and ear shafts.

[0010] Furthermore, the expansion mechanism includes a first motor, a worm, a long shaft and a worm gear. The first motor is fixedly connected to a side of the sealing plate close to the support frame, the worm is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor, the top of the straight connecting rod close to the support frame is fixedly connected to the first bearing frame, the long shaft is rotatably connected in the first bearing frame, the circumferential surface of the long shaft is fixedly connected to a worm gear, the worm gear is meshed with the worm, both ends of the long shaft are fixedly connected to the first bevel gear, the two ends of the arc connecting rod close to the long shaft are fixedly connected to the second bevel gear, and the adjacent first bevel gears are meshed with the second bevel gears.

[0011] Furthermore, the smoke removal mechanism includes a first hose and a second hose, the first hose is a ring-like structure, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the hard spherical shell through a first pipe sleeve, one end of the second hose is fixedly connected to the diverter valve, and the other end of the second hose is fixedly connected to the first hose, and the inward surface of the first hose begins to have a plurality of first small holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the collecting mechanism includes a box body, a filter, a third hose and an injector, the third hose is fixedly connected to the output end of the one-way pump, the end of the injector and the side of the support frame are fixedly connected with a mounting groove, the box body is detachably connected to the mounting groove, the end of the injector is inserted into the box body, the top of the box body is provided with an air outlet, and the filter is fixedly connected to the filter.

[0013] Furthermore, the moving mechanism includes a third motor, a third bearing frame, a ball screw, a linear rod and a screw sleeve, the third motor and the third bearing frame are fixedly connected to the top of the support frame, two third bearing frames are provided, the linear rod is fixedly connected between the two third bearing frames, the ball screw is rotatably connected between the two third bearing frames, and the screw sleeve is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the ball screw.

[0014] Furthermore, the angle mechanism includes a mounting platform, a second bearing frame, a first spur gear, a swing arm, a second spur gear and a second motor. The mounting platform is slidably connected to the upper side of the linear rod, the screw sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting platform, the second bearing frame and the second motor are both fixedly connected to the top of the mounting platform, the second spur gear is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor, the first spur gear and the swing arm are both rotatably connected in the second bearing frame, the first spur gear is fixedly connected to the swing arm, the second spur gear is meshed with the first spur gear, a second pipe sleeve is provided at the end of the swing arm, and the bent pipe is fixedly connected in the second pipe sleeve.

[0015] A method for using a surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1. Preparation: Check that the mechanical arm, bidirectional pump and other related accessories are in good condition, ensure that there are no obstacles in the moving space, and then control the movement of the support frame through the mechanical arm, and the support frame drives the whole annular capsule mechanism to move, so that the overall position of the annular capsule mechanism fits around the patient's surgical position;

[0017] S2. Determine the position: After adjusting the overall position of the annular capsule mechanism, control the bidirectional pump to pump air into the soft trachea, and the air enters the hard tube shell through the ventilation interface, so that the arc connecting rod bulges and maintains the expansion state. Due to the overall volume expansion of the annular capsule mechanism, a quasi-annular barrier is formed around the surgical site. At this time, the hard tube shell, hard spherical shell and airbag fit the patient's skin, and the convex column sinks into the skin to a certain depth;

[0018] S3, exposure position: the worm is driven to rotate by the output end of the first motor, and the worm drives the worm wheel and the long shaft to rotate synchronously, and then drives the two first bevel gears to rotate synchronously. The two second bevel gears rotate in the opposite direction due to meshing. According to the working principle of the connecting rod, the arc connecting rod rotates due to the rotation of the second bevel gear, so that the two straight connecting rods move in the opposite direction, and the two straight connecting rods are controlled to move away from each other. The annular capsule mechanism is deformed as a whole, and the hard tube shell and the convex column fixed with the straight connecting rod move away from each other, thereby pushing the human tissue in contact with the convex column away from each other, and then the first motor is stopped to fix the size of the surgical position, so as to expose the surgical position and expand the surgical space;

[0019] S4, absorbing smoke: smoke is generated during the operation. The suction function is started by controlling the one-way pump, and the diverter valve opens the valve of the second hose. The first hose can follow the deformation of the annular capsule mechanism in step S3, so that the first hose is dispersed around the operation site. A plurality of first hoses generate suction around the operation site, and the smoke enters the first hose through the first small hole and is then discharged by the one-way pump.

[0020] S5, absorbing liquid: blood and tissue fluid may be generated around the surgical site. The second motor controls the second spur gear to rotate, and the second spur gear drives the first spur gear to rotate, and finally drives the rotary arm to rotate, so as to adjust the overall angle of the liquid removal mechanism, so that the notched annular tube rotates to the upper side of the surgical site. At this time, the third motor is controlled to drive the ball screw to rotate, and the ball screw drives the screw sleeve to rotate, thereby driving the angle mechanism to move linearly. The liquid removal mechanism follows the angle mechanism to move linearly, so as to achieve fine adjustment of the specific position of the notched annular tube, and ensure that the notched annular tube surrounds the surgical site. At this time, the valve of the diverter valve to the telescopic tube is opened, so that the second and third small holes generate suction. The third small hole fits the skin surface of the surgical site and can absorb the blood and tissue fluid on the surface. The second small holes are distributed around the surgical site and can also absorb smoke. In conjunction with step S4, the defogger function is enhanced. When not in use, the notched annular tube is controlled to return to its original position through the angle mechanism and the moving mechanism to avoid the liquid removal mechanism affecting the surgical space and ensure the normal use of other medical devices.

[0021] S6. Collecting waste liquid: The smoke, blood and tissue fluid collected in steps S3 and S4 are discharged into the third hose by the one-way pump and finally enter the box body through the injector. The liquids are mixed in the box body to form waste liquid, and the gases are filtered and discharged by the filter, thereby realizing the functions of automatically collecting waste liquid and filtering gas. When the box body is full of waste liquid, the injector is pulled out and disassembled, and the box body is replaced with a new one and the injector is reinserted, thereby realizing the functions of automatically collecting waste liquid and filtering gas, thus forming a defogger, liquid remover and waste liquid treatment process.

[0022] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0023] 1. The present invention is conducive to forming a quasi-annular space by providing an expandable annular capsule mechanism. The hard tube shell is in a straight structure, which can better match the two sides of the surgical position. The inflated airbag can fit the patient's skin more closely, thereby forming a protective area around the surgical incision. A connecting rod mechanism is arranged inside the annular capsule mechanism. The connecting rod mechanism and the expansion mechanism are used in conjunction with each other. Under the linkage principle of the connecting rod structure, the convex column moves with the hard tube shell, thereby expanding the tissue around the surgical position and exposing the required surgical position, so that the surgical area can be seen more clearly, the surgical field of view is improved, the difficulty of surgical operation is reduced, and precise operation is performed. In addition, the barrier formed by the inflation of the annular capsule mechanism plays a role in reducing the splashing of smoke, blood, tissue fluid, etc. during the operation, and prevents damage to other non-surgical areas. The overall annular structure will increase with the expansion of the surgical area, will not affect the surgical space of other instruments, is conducive to the surgical operation process, and improves the success rate and safety of the operation.

[0024] 2. The present invention is provided with a smoke removal mechanism and a liquid removal mechanism for use in combination, which is beneficial for the first hose to change its shape synchronously with the overall expansion or contraction of the annular capsule mechanism. When the one-way pump is started, suction is uniformly generated around the surgical site to absorb smoke generated during the operation, so that the notched annular tube is attached to the patient's skin surface. The second small hole and the third small hole provided on the notched annular tube are used to achieve a secondary suction function. The second small hole is close to the surgical space and can absorb splashed smoke. The third small hole is closer to the skin surface and can absorb blood and tissue fluid overflowed from the surgical site. The smoke and tissue fluid enter the telescopic tube through the notched annular tube and the bent tube. The smoke removal mechanism and the liquid removal mechanism are used in combination to greatly enhance the smoke removal effect. The smoke removal can ensure that the surgeon can clearly see the surgical area, reduce the difficulty and risk of operation due to obstructed vision, thereby improving the success rate and safety of the operation. In addition, the function of collecting overflowed blood and tissue fluid is added to avoid accidental injury to normal tissues or omission of lesions, which is beneficial to improving the success rate and safety of the operation.

[0025] 3. The present invention is advantageous for collecting and storing mist, blood and tissues, and filtering gases by providing a collection mechanism. Preferably, a disposable translucent PP container can be used as the box. After the box is full, the injector can be pulled out and a new box can be replaced. The structure is simple and convenient for medical staff to use. The collected waste liquid can then be uniformly treated to prevent pollution of the operating environment and protect the health of medical staff.

[0026] 4. The present invention is provided with an angle mechanism and a moving mechanism, which facilitates flexible adjustment of the position of the liquid removal mechanism. When it is needed, the specific position of the notched annular tube is finely adjusted to ensure that the notched annular tube surrounds the surgical site and then absorbs smoke, blood and tissue fluid. The notched annular tube is controlled to return to its original position through the angle mechanism and the moving mechanism, thereby preventing the liquid removal mechanism from affecting the surgical space and ensuring the normal use of other medical devices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a working schematic diagram of the liquid removal mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a bottom view structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the side section structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting rod mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the smoke removal mechanism and liquid removal mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the angle mechanism and the moving mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the collecting mechanism of the invention.

[0037] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. support frame; 101. mounting groove; 2. annular capsule mechanism; 201. hard tube shell; 202. hard spherical shell; 203. air bag; 204. convex column; 205. sealing plate; 3. connecting rod mechanism; 301. straight connecting rod; 302. arc connecting rod; 303. ear shaft; 4. expansion mechanism; 401. first motor; 402. worm; 403. first bearing frame; 404. long shaft; 405. worm gear; 406. first bevel gear; 407. second bevel gear; 5. smoke removal mechanism; 501. first hose; 502. first small hole; 503. first pipe sleeve; 504. second hose; 6. liquid removal mechanism; 601. notched annular tube; 602. elbow; 603. The second small hole; 604, the third small hole; 605, the telescopic tube; 7, the one-way pump; 701, the diverter valve; 8, the collecting mechanism; 801, the box; 802, the filter; 803, the third hose; 804, the injector; 9, the angle mechanism; 901, the mounting table; 902, the second bearing frame; 903, the first straight gear; 904, the swing arm; 905, the second pipe sleeve; 906, the second straight gear; 907, the second motor; 10, the moving mechanism; 1001, the third motor; 1002, the third bearing frame; 1003, the ball screw; 1004, the linear rod; 1005, the screw sleeve; 11, the mechanical arm; 12, the two-way pump; 1201, the soft air tube; 1202, the ventilation interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. In addition, the forms of the various structures recorded in the following embodiments are merely illustrative. The surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery and the method of using the same involved in the present invention are not limited to the various structures recorded in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 and Fig.10The present invention provides a surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery, comprising a support frame 1, the upper end of the support frame 1 is connected to a mechanical arm 11, a quasi-annular capsule mechanism 2 is arranged at the end of the support frame 1, a two-way pump 12 and a one-way pump 7 are fixedly connected to the support frame 1, a collecting mechanism 8 is arranged at the side of the support frame 1 near the one-way pump 7, the quasi-annular capsule mechanism 2 can be inflated by the two-way pump 12 to form a quasi-annular structure, the inner chamber of the quasi-annular capsule mechanism 2 is provided with a connecting rod mechanism 3 and an expansion mechanism 4, the quasi-annular capsule mechanism 2 is surrounded by a smoke removal mechanism 5, a moving mechanism 10 is arranged on the upper side of the support frame 1, an angle mechanism 9 is movably arranged on the upper side of the moving mechanism 10, a liquid removal mechanism 6 is rotatably arranged on the upper side of the angle mechanism 9, a diverter valve 701 is connected to the output end of the one-way pump 7, and the smoke removal mechanism 5 and the liquid removal mechanism 6 are both connected to the diverter valve 701;

[0040] The liquid removal mechanism 6 includes a notched annular tube 601, a curved tube 602, a third small hole 604 and a telescopic tube 605. One end of the telescopic tube 605 is fixedly connected to the diverter valve 701. The curved tube 602 is fixedly connected between the telescopic tube 605 and the notched annular tube 601. A plurality of second small holes 603 and third small holes 604 are formed on the surface of the notched annular tube 601.

[0041] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the robot arm 11 is used to control the lifting, rotation and other operations of the support frame 1. During the operation, the annular capsule-like mechanism 2 is moved to the vicinity of the surgical position. The main body of the annular capsule-like mechanism 2 is composed of a hard tube shell 201, a hard spherical shell 202 and an airbag 203 to form a quasi-annular space. The hard tube shell 201 is a linear structure, which can better match the two sides of the surgical position. The bidirectional pump 12 is used to inflate the airbag 203 to make the multiple airbags 203 swell and maintain an expanded state, so that the expanded airbags 203 can better fit the patient's skin, thereby forming a protective area around the surgical incision. A connecting rod mechanism 3 is arranged inside the annular capsule-like mechanism 2, and the connecting rod mechanism 3 and the expansion mechanism 4 are used in combination. The connecting rod mechanism 3 is mainly composed of a straight connecting rod 301 and an arc connecting rod 302. The expansion mechanism 4 can directly drive the two arc connecting rods 302 to move in the opposite direction synchronously. Rotate, under the linkage principle of the connecting rod structure, the two straight connecting rods 301 move away from each other to drive the two hard tube shells 201 to move away from each other, and a convex column 204 is set on the lower side of the hard tube shell 201, and the convex column 204 sinks into the patient's skin. The convex column 204 moves with the hard tube shell 201, thereby expanding the tissue around the surgical position and exposing the required surgical position, so that the surgical area can be seen more clearly, the surgical field of view is improved, and the difficulty of surgical operation is reduced, so as to perform precise operations. In addition, the barrier formed by the inflation of the annular capsule mechanism 2 plays a role in reducing the splashing of smoke, blood, tissue fluid, etc. during the operation, and prevents damage to other non-surgical areas. The overall annular structure will increase with the expansion of the surgical area, will not affect the surgical space of other instruments, is conducive to the surgical operation process, and improves the success rate and safety of the operation;

[0042] The main difference between the present embodiment and the prior art is that the smoke removal mechanism 5 and the liquid removal mechanism 6 are used together in the present embodiment. Specifically, the smoke removal mechanism 5 and the liquid removal mechanism 6 are connected to the one-way pump 7 through the diverter valve 701. The one-way pump 7 mainly plays the role of suction. The first hose 501 is attached to the inner periphery of the annular capsule mechanism 2. As the annular capsule mechanism 2 expands or contracts as a whole, the shape of the first hose 501 changes synchronously. A first small hole 502 is opened on the inner surface of the first hose 501. When the one-way pump 7 is started, suction is uniformly generated around the surgical site to absorb the smoke generated during the surgery. The smoke passes through the first small hole 502 and enters the second hose 504. The liquid removal mechanism 6 is connected to the diverter valve 701 through the telescopic tube 605. In the initial state, the notched annular tube 601 is located on the upper side of the support frame 1. After the annular capsule mechanism 2 expands, the overall angle of the liquid removal mechanism 6 is adjusted by the angle mechanism 9 so that the notched annular tube 601 is close to the surgical site. Then, the liquid removal mechanism 6 is linearly moved by the moving mechanism 10 to finely adjust the position of the notched annular tube 601 so that the notched annular tube 601 is moved closer to the surgical site. 01 accurately moves to the upper side of the surgical position, and adjusts the angle of the notched annular tube 601 again, so that the notched annular tube 601 fits the patient's skin surface, and uses the second small hole 603 and the third small hole 604 set on the notched annular tube 601 to realize the secondary suction function. The second small hole 603 is close to the surgical space and can absorb the splashed smoke. The third small hole 604 is closer to the skin surface and can absorb the blood and tissue fluid overflowing from the surgical position. The smoke and tissue fluid enter the telescopic tube 605 through the notched annular tube 601 and the curved tube 602. The smoke removal mechanism 5 and the liquid removal mechanism 6 are used in conjunction, which greatly enhances the smoke removal effect. Removing smoke can ensure that the surgeon can clearly see the surgical area, reduce the difficulty and risk of operation due to obstructed vision, avoid accidental injury to normal tissue or omission of lesions, thereby improving the success rate and safety of the operation. Timely removal of smoke can reduce the exposure of medical staff to harmful substances and reduce occupational hazards. In addition, the function of collecting overflowed blood and tissue fluid is added to avoid accidental injury to normal tissue or omission of lesions, which is conducive to improving the success rate and safety of the operation.

[0043] Moreover, the second hose 504 and the telescopic tube 605 are both connected to the diverter valve 701, and the collected smoke, blood and tissue fluid finally enter the box 801, the gas is discharged through the filter 802, and the liquid remains in the box 801, which can be automatically collected and stored, and together with the smoke removal mechanism 5 and the liquid removal mechanism 6, a relatively complete collection process is formed, and the air quality in the operating room is significantly improved, creating a healthier and more comfortable working environment for medical staff;

[0044] The above structure is the main structure of this embodiment, which solves the problem that the existing exposure device affects the surgical space and smoke and other substances affect the surgery. The expansion of the airbag 203, the linkage of the straight connecting rod 301 and the arc connecting rod 302 are all existing structures. The specific structure and connection method of the diverter valve 701 are not described in detail in this embodiment. In addition, the suction of the one-way pump 7 and the inflation of the two-way pump 12 also belong to the existing technology. Therefore, this application does not make detailed limitations.

[0045] Reference Figure 2-5 The annular bag mechanism 2 is composed of a hard tube shell 201, a hard spherical shell 202 and an air bag 203. Two hard tube shells 201 are symmetrically arranged. One end of the support frame 1 is fixedly connected to one of the hard tube shells 201. Both ends of the two hard tube shells 201 are connected to the air bag 203 through the hard spherical shell 202. Two adjacent air bags 203 are connected through the hard spherical shell 202. A sealing plate 205 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hard tube shell 201 close to the support frame 1. A plurality of protruding columns 204 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the two hard tube shells 201. A ventilation interface 1202 is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing plate 205. A soft air tube 1201 is fixedly connected to the output end of the two-way pump 12, and the other end of the soft air tube 1201 is fixedly connected to the ventilation interface 1202.

[0046] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the hard tube shell 201 and the hard spherical shell 202 are hard in texture, the two hard tube shells 201 are parallel to each other, six hard spherical shells 202 are provided, four airbags 203 are provided, and the two ends of the airbags 203 are connected between the adjacent hard spherical shells 202. The hard tube shell 201, the hard spherical shell 202 and the airbags 203 are connected to form a ring-like structure, forming a physical barrier on the outside to prevent smoke and liquid from splashing, and forming a chamber on the inside. The sealing plate 205 is sealed and arranged at the hard tube shell 201 and the support frame 1, and the chamber of the ring-like capsule mechanism 2 is inflated. , the airbag 203 will swell and expand, and the airbag 203 will return to its original shape after being evacuated. The expanded annular structure can fit the patient's skin better, and the protrusion 204 can sink into the skin. As the hard tube shell 201 moves, the protrusion 204 can drive the skin to move, which is conducive to better expanding the surgical space. The protrusions 204 are evenly arranged and distributed, which is conducive to uniform force. Preferably, the hard tube shell 201, the hard spherical shell 202, the airbag 203 and the protrusion 204 are all made of silicone. When the silicone exposure device is used in the human body, it will not cause irritation or toxic reaction to human tissue. This is because silicone has a high degree of biocompatibility and can coexist harmoniously with human tissue, reducing the risk of adverse reactions and complications after surgery. It has a long service life and can maintain good performance even after multiple uses and disinfection treatments, and can be reused.

[0047] Reference Figure 5-7The connecting rod mechanism 3 includes a straight connecting rod 301, an arc connecting rod 302 and an ear shaft 303. The connecting rod mechanism 3 is provided with two and fixedly connected to the hard tube shell 201 respectively. Two ear shafts 303 are provided and fixedly connected to the hard spherical shell 202 between the airbags 203. Four arc connecting rods 302 are provided. The two ends of each arc connecting rod 302 are respectively rotatably connected between the adjacent straight connecting rods 301 and ear shafts 303; the expansion mechanism 4 includes a first motor 401, a worm 402, a long shaft 404 and a worm gear 405. The first motor 401 is fixedly connected to the sealing plate 205 near the support frame 1, a worm 402 is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor 401, a first bearing frame 403 is fixedly connected to the top of the straight connecting rod 301 near the support frame 1, a long shaft 404 is rotatably connected in the first bearing frame 403, a worm gear 405 is fixedly connected to the circumferential surface of the long shaft 404, the worm gear 405 is meshed with the worm 402, both ends of the long shaft 404 are fixedly connected to the first bevel gear 406, the ends of the two arc connecting rods 302 near the long shaft 404 are fixedly connected to the second bevel gear 407, and the adjacent first bevel gears 406 are meshed with the second bevel gears 407.

[0048] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the straight connecting rod 301 is fixed to the corresponding hard tube shell 201, the ear shaft 303 is fixed to the corresponding ear shaft 303, the two straight connecting rods 301 are arranged in parallel, the straight connecting rod 301, the arc connecting rod 302 and the ear shaft 303 are symmetrical in structure as a whole, the first motor 401 is located in the support frame 1, the worm 402, the long shaft 404 and the worm wheel 405 are located in the hard tube shell 201, and the first bearing frame 403 is provided with two, which are used to more stably support the rotation of the long shaft 404, and the worm 402 is driven to rotate through the output end of the first motor 401 The worm 402 drives the worm wheel 405 to rotate slowly, and the long shaft 404 rotates slowly along with the worm wheel 405, thereby driving the two first bevel gears 406 to rotate, and the second bevel gear 407 is fixedly connected to the end of the arc connecting rod 302 adjacent to each other. Under the action of meshing, the arc connecting rod 302 can be driven to rotate within a certain range. Under the overall linkage action of the connecting rod mechanism 3, the two straight connecting rods 301 can be driven to move in the opposite direction, that is, the two straight connecting rods 301 are moved closer to or away from each other, and then the hard tube shell 201 and the boss 204 are driven to move away from each other, thereby achieving the purpose of expanding the surgical space.

[0049] Reference Figure 8 The smoke removal mechanism 5 includes a first hose 501 and a second hose 504. The first hose 501 is a ring-like structure, which is fixedly connected to the surface of the hard spherical shell 202 through a first sleeve 503. One end of the second hose 504 is fixedly connected to the diverter valve 701, and the other end of the second hose 504 is fixedly connected to the first hose 501. There are several first small holes 502 on the inward surface of the first hose 501.

[0050] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the first hose 501 is arranged at the centripetal part of the annular capsule mechanism 2, six first sleeves 503 are arranged, which are respectively fixed on the surface of each hard spherical shell 202, and the first hose 501 passes through each first sleeve 503 to form a quasi-annular shape, and the first small holes 502 are evenly distributed. After the annular capsule mechanism 2 is expanded, the first hose 501 follows the deformation, and the first small holes 502 are relatively evenly distributed around the surgical site. The one-way pump 7 generates suction when working, and the first small holes 502 surround the surgical site, which can absorb the diffused smoke during the operation. The smoke enters the second hose 504 from the first hose 501, and then enters the one-way pump 7 through the diverter valve 701, and finally enters the box 801 from the third hose 803 and the injector 804, so as to automatically remove and collect the smoke generated by the operation.

[0051] Reference Fig.10 The collecting mechanism 8 includes a box body 801, a filter 802, a third hose 803 and an injector 804. The third hose 803 is fixedly connected to the output end of the one-way pump 7. The end of the injector 804 and the side of the support frame 1 are fixedly connected with a mounting groove 101. The box body 801 is detachably connected to the mounting groove 101. The end of the injector 804 is inserted into the box body 801. An air outlet is provided on the top of the box body 801. The filter 802 is fixedly connected to the filter 802.

[0052] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the box 801 is a commonly used container, the injector 804 is inserted into the box 801 from top to bottom, the smoke, blood and tissue fluid in the third hose 803 mixed with air enter the box 801 through the injector 804, the filter 802 can filter the liquid, the gas is discharged by the filter 802, and the remaining liquid remains in the box 801, so as to collect and store the mist, blood and tissue, and filter the gas. Preferably, the box 801 can use a disposable translucent PP container. After it is full, the injector 804 is pulled out, and then a new box 801 is replaced. The structure is simple and convenient for medical staff to use, and then the collected waste liquid is uniformly treated to prevent pollution of the operating environment and protect the health of medical staff.

[0053] Reference Figure 4 The moving mechanism 10 includes a third motor 1001, a third bearing frame 1002, a ball screw 1003, a linear rod 1004 and a screw sleeve 1005. The third motor 1001 and the third bearing frame 1002 are fixedly connected to the top of the support frame 1. Two third bearing frames 1002 are provided. The linear rod 1004 is fixedly connected between the two third bearing frames 1002. The ball screw 1003 is rotatably connected between the two third bearing frames 1002. The screw sleeve 1005 is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the ball screw 1003.

[0054] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: the linear rod 1004 passes through the mounting table 901, thereby limiting the linear movement of the mounting table 901. When working, the ball screw 1003 is driven to rotate through the output end of the third motor 1001, and the ball screw 1003 drives the screw sleeve 1005 to move, thereby driving the mounting table 901 to move. The liquid removal mechanism 6 is installed on the angle mechanism 9 to adjust the overall position of the liquid removal mechanism 6 and ensure that the notched annular tube 601 accurately surrounds the surgical position. Compared with the existing fixed structure, the adjustable structure can be adjusted according to actual conditions, thereby reducing the impact on other surgical instruments and having a wider range of uses.

[0055] Reference Figure 1 and 9 The angle mechanism 9 includes a mounting platform 901, a second bearing frame 902, a first spur gear 903, a swing arm 904, a second spur gear 906 and a second motor 907. The mounting platform 901 is slidably connected to the upper side of the linear rod 1004, the screw sleeve 1005 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting platform 901, the second bearing frame 902 and the second motor 907 are both fixedly connected to the top of the mounting platform 901, the second spur gear 906 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor 907, the first spur gear 903 and the swing arm 904 are both rotatably connected in the second bearing frame 902, the first spur gear 903 is fixedly connected to the swing arm 904, the second spur gear 906 is meshed with the first spur gear 903, and a second sleeve 905 is provided at the end of the swing arm 904, and the curved pipe 602 is fixedly connected in the second sleeve 905.

[0056] In this embodiment, it is necessary to specifically explain that: a sleeve matching the linear rod 1004 is provided on the mounting platform 901, and the linear rod 1004 passes through the sleeve. Two linear rods 1004 and two sleeves are provided, which are located on both sides of the ball screw 1003, thereby limiting the linear movement of the mounting platform 901. When working, the second spur gear 906 is driven to rotate by the output end of the second motor 907. Under the action of meshing, the second spur gear 906 drives the first spur gear 903 to rotate. The first spur gear 903 and the swing arm 904 are an integral structure, and the curved pipe 602 is installed in the second pipe sleeve 905, thereby driving the curved pipe 602 to rotate. The overall angle of the dehydration mechanism 6 can be adjusted as needed. When it is needed, the dehydration mechanism 6 is rotated to the inside of the annular capsule mechanism 2 as shown in FIG. Figure 2 , providing the function of absorbing blood and tissue fluid, and when not needed, the liquid removal mechanism 6 returns to its original position. Figure 1 , to avoid affecting the use of other medical devices, it can be used selectively according to actual conditions, which is conducive to safer surgery.

[0057] Working principle of the present invention:

[0058] The main problem solved by this embodiment is: the connecting rod mechanism 3 and the expansion mechanism 4 are used together to control the automatic expansion of the annular capsule mechanism 2, which solves the problem of small surgical space and reduces the difficulty of surgical operation. The annular capsule mechanism 2 is inflated to form a barrier, which can reduce smoke, blood, and tissue fluid during the operation and prevent damage to other non-surgical areas. Moreover, the surgical area will be larger after expansion and will not affect the surgical space of other medical devices. The smoke removal mechanism 5 and the liquid removal mechanism 6 are used together to solve the problem of smoke affecting the field of vision during surgery, enhance the smoke removal effect, and increase the function of collecting overflowed blood and tissue fluid to avoid accidental injury to normal tissues or omission of lesions, which is beneficial to improving the success rate and safety of the operation.

[0059] The specific steps are as follows:

[0060] S1. Preparation: Check that the mechanical arm 11, the two-way pump 12 and other related accessories are in good condition, ensure that there are no obstacles in the moving space, and then control the support frame 1 to move through the mechanical arm 11, and the support frame 1 drives the annular capsule mechanism 2 to move as a whole, so that the overall position of the annular capsule mechanism 2 fits around the patient's surgical position;

[0061] S2, determine the position: after adjusting the overall position of the annular capsule-like mechanism 2, control the two-way pump 12 to draw air into the soft air tube 1201, and the air enters the hard tube shell 201 through the ventilation interface 1202, so that the arc connecting rod 302 swells and maintains the expanded state. Due to the overall volume expansion of the annular capsule-like mechanism 2, a quasi-annular barrier is formed around the surgical position. At this time, the hard tube shell 201, the hard spherical shell 202 and the air bag 203 fit the patient's skin, and the convex column 204 sinks into the skin to a certain depth;

[0062] S3, exposure position: the worm 402 is driven to rotate by the output end of the first motor 401, and the worm 402 drives the worm wheel 405 and the long shaft 404 to rotate synchronously, and then drives the two first bevel gears 406 to rotate synchronously, and the two second bevel gears 407 rotate in the opposite direction due to the meshing. According to the working principle of the connecting rod, the arc connecting rod 302 rotates due to the rotation of the second bevel gear 407, so that the two straight connecting rods 301 move in the opposite direction, and the two straight connecting rods 301 are controlled to move away from each other, and the annular capsule mechanism 2 is deformed as a whole, and the hard tube shell 201 and the boss 204 fixed with the straight connecting rod 301 move away from each other, thereby pushing the human tissue in contact with the boss 204 to move away from each other, and then stop the first motor 401 to fix the size of the surgical position, so as to expose the surgical position and expand the surgical space;

[0063] S4, absorbing smoke: smoke is generated during the operation. The suction function is started by controlling the one-way pump 7. The diverter valve 701 opens the valve of the second hose 504. The first hose 501 can follow the deformation of the annular capsule mechanism 2 in step S3, so that the first hose 501 is dispersed around the operation site. A plurality of first hoses 501 generate suction around the operation site. The smoke enters the first hose 501 through the first small hole 502 and is then discharged by the one-way pump 7.

[0064] S5. Absorbing liquid: Blood and tissue fluid may be generated around the surgical site. The second spur gear 906 is controlled to rotate by the second motor 907. The second spur gear 906 drives the first spur gear 903 to rotate, and finally drives the rotary arm 904 to rotate, thereby adjusting the overall angle of the liquid removal mechanism 6, so that the notched annular tube 601 rotates to the upper side of the surgical site. At this time, the third motor 1001 is controlled to drive the ball screw 1003 to rotate, and the ball screw 1003 drives the screw sleeve 1005 to rotate, thereby driving the angle mechanism 9 to move linearly. The liquid removal mechanism 6 follows the linear movement of the angle mechanism 9 to achieve fine adjustment of the notched annular tube 601. 1, ensure that the notched annular tube 601 surrounds the surgical site, at this time, open the valve of the diverter valve 701 on the telescopic tube 605, so that the second small hole 603 and the third small hole 604 generate suction, the third small hole 604 fits the skin surface of the surgical site, and can absorb the blood and tissue fluid on the surface, the second small holes 603 are distributed around the surgical site, and can also absorb smoke, cooperate with step S4, play a role in strengthening the defog function, when not in use, the notched annular tube 601 is controlled to return to its original position through the angle mechanism 9 and the moving mechanism 10, to avoid the dehydration mechanism 6 affecting the surgical space, and ensure the normal use of other medical devices;

[0065] S6. Collecting waste liquid: The smoke, blood and tissue fluid collected in steps S3 and S4 are discharged into the third hose 803 by the one-way pump 7, and finally enter the box 801 through the injector 804. The liquids are mixed in the box 801 to form waste liquid, and the gas is filtered and discharged by the filter 802, thereby realizing the functions of automatically collecting waste liquid and filtering gas. When the box 801 is full of collected gas, the injector 804 is pulled out and disassembled, and the box 801 is replaced with a new one and the injector 804 is reinserted, thereby realizing the functions of automatically collecting waste liquid and filtering gas, thus forming a defogger, liquid remover and waste liquid treatment process.

[0066] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that: The upper end of the support frame (1) is connected to a mechanical arm (11), a quasi-annular capsule mechanism (2) is arranged at the end of the support frame (1), a bidirectional pump (12) and a unidirectional pump (7) are fixedly connected to the support frame (1), a collecting mechanism (8) is arranged on the side of the support frame (1) near the unidirectional pump (7), the quasi-annular capsule mechanism (2) can be inflated by the bidirectional pump (12) to form a quasi-annular structure, and a connecting rod mechanism ( 3) and an expansion mechanism (4), the annular capsule mechanism (2) surrounds a smoke removal mechanism (5), a moving mechanism (10) is arranged on the upper side of the support frame (1), an angle mechanism (9) is movably arranged on the upper side of the moving mechanism (10), a liquid removal mechanism (6) is rotatably arranged on the upper side of the angle mechanism (9), an output end of the one-way pump (7) is connected to a diverter valve (701), and the smoke removal mechanism (5) and the liquid removal mechanism (6) are both connected to the diverter valve (701); The liquid removal mechanism (6) comprises a notched annular tube (601), a curved tube (602), a third small hole (604) and a telescopic tube (605); one end of the telescopic tube (605) is fixedly connected to the diverter valve (701); the curved tube (602) is fixedly connected between the telescopic tube (605) and the notched annular tube (601); and a plurality of second small holes (603) and third small holes (604) are provided on the surface of the notched annular tube (601).

2. The surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular capsule-like mechanism (2) is composed of a hard tube shell (201), a hard spherical shell (202) and an air bag (203). Two hard tube shells (201) are symmetrically arranged. One end of the support frame (1) is fixedly connected to one of the hard tube shells (201). Both ends of the two hard tube shells (201) are connected to the air bag (203) through the hard spherical shell (202). Two adjacent air bags (203) are connected through the hard spherical shell (202). A sealing plate (205) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hard tube shell (201) of the support frame (1), a plurality of convex columns (204) are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the two hard tube shells (201), a ventilation interface (1202) is fixedly connected to the side of the sealing plate (205), a soft air tube (1201) is fixedly connected to the output end of the bidirectional pump (12), and the other end of the soft air tube (1201) is fixedly connected to the ventilation interface (1202).

3. The surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connecting rod mechanism (3) comprises a straight connecting rod (301), an arc connecting rod (302) and an ear shaft (303); two connecting rod mechanisms (3) are provided and are respectively fixedly connected in the hard tube shell (201); two ear shafts (303) are provided and are respectively fixedly connected in the hard spherical shell (202) between the airbags (203); four arc connecting rods (302) are provided, and the two ends of each arc connecting rod (302) are respectively rotatably connected between the adjacent straight connecting rod (301) and ear shaft (303).

4. The surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The expansion mechanism (4) comprises a first motor (401), a worm (402), a long shaft (404) and a worm wheel (405); the first motor (401) is fixedly connected to a side of the sealing plate (205) close to the support frame (1); the worm (402) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (401); the top of the straight connecting rod (301) close to the support frame (1) is fixedly connected to a first bearing frame (403); the long shaft (404) is rotatably connected to the sealing plate (205) and the worm wheel (402) is fixedly connected to the output end of the first motor (401); Connected to the first bearing frame (403), the circumferential surface of the long shaft (404) is fixedly connected with a worm gear (405), the worm gear (405) is meshed with the worm (402), both ends of the long shaft (404) are fixedly connected with a first bevel gear (406), the ends of the two arc connecting rods (302) close to the long shaft (404) are fixedly connected with a second bevel gear (407), and the adjacent first bevel gears (406) are meshed with the second bevel gears (407).

5. The surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smoke removal mechanism (5) comprises a first hose (501) and a second hose (504), wherein the first hose (501) is a ring-like structure and is fixedly connected to the surface of the hard spherical shell (202) via a first sleeve (503), one end of the second hose (504) is fixedly connected to the diverter valve (701), and the other end of the second hose (504) is fixedly connected to the first hose (501), and a plurality of first small holes (502) are formed on the inward surface of the first hose (501).

6. The surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting mechanism (8) comprises a box (801), a filter (802), a third hose (803) and an injector (804); the third hose (803) is fixedly connected to the output end of the one-way pump (7); the end of the injector (804) and the side of the support frame (1) are fixedly connected to a mounting groove (101); the box (801) is detachably connected to the mounting groove (101); the end of the injector (804) is inserted into the box (801); an air outlet is provided at the top of the box (801); and the filter (802) is fixedly connected to the filter (802).

7. The surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving mechanism (10) comprises a third motor (1001), a third bearing frame (1002), a ball screw (1003), a linear rod (1004) and a screw sleeve (1005); the third motor (1001) and the third bearing frame (1002) are both fixedly connected to the top of the support frame (1); two third bearing frames (1002) are provided; the linear rod (1004) is fixedly connected between the two third bearing frames (1002); the ball screw (1003) is rotatably connected between the two third bearing frames (1002); and the screw sleeve (1005) is threadedly connected to the circumferential surface of the ball screw (1003).

8. The surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery according to claim 7, characterized in that: The angle mechanism (9) comprises a mounting platform (901), a second bearing frame (902), a first spur gear (903), a rotary arm (904), a second spur gear (906) and a second motor (907); the mounting platform (901) is slidably connected to the upper side of the linear rod (1004); the screw rod sleeve (1005) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting platform (901); the second bearing frame (902) and the second motor (907) are both fixedly connected to the top of the mounting platform (901); The second spur gear (906) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second motor (907); the first spur gear (903) and the swing arm (904) are both rotatably connected to the second bearing frame (902); the first spur gear (903) is fixedly connected to the swing arm (904); the second spur gear (906) is meshed with the first spur gear (903); a second sleeve (905) is provided at the end of the swing arm (904); and the bent pipe (602) is fixedly connected to the second sleeve (905).

9. The method for using the surgical space exposure device for laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery according to claims 1-8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Preparation: Check that the mechanical arm (11), the bidirectional pump (12) and other related accessories are in good condition, ensure that there are no obstacles in the moving space, and then control the support frame (1) to move through the mechanical arm (11), so that the support frame (1) drives the annular capsule mechanism (2) to move as a whole, so that the overall position of the annular capsule mechanism (2) fits the vicinity of the patient's surgical position; S2, determining the position: after adjusting the overall position of the annular capsule-like mechanism (2), the bidirectional pump (12) is controlled to draw air into the soft air tube (1201), and the air enters the hard tube shell (201) through the ventilation interface (1202), so that the arc connecting rod (302) swells and maintains the expanded state. Due to the overall volume expansion of the annular capsule-like mechanism (2), a quasi-annular barrier is formed around the surgical site. At this time, the hard tube shell (201), the hard spherical shell (202) and the air bag (203) are attached to the patient's skin, and the convex column (204) is sunk into the skin to a certain depth; S3, exposure position: the worm (402) is driven to rotate by the output end of the first motor (401), and the worm (402) drives the worm wheel (405) and the long shaft (404) to rotate synchronously, and then drives the two first bevel gears (406) to rotate synchronously. The two second bevel gears (407) rotate in the opposite direction due to meshing. According to the working principle of the connecting rod, the arc connecting rod (302) rotates due to the rotation of the second bevel gear (407), so that the two straight connecting rods (301) move in the opposite direction, and the two straight connecting rods (301) are controlled to move away from each other. The annular capsule mechanism (2) is deformed as a whole, and the hard tube shell (201) and the protruding column (204) fixed to the straight connecting rod (301) move away from each other, thereby pushing the human tissue in contact with the protruding column (204) to move away from each other, and then the first motor (401) is stopped to fix the size of the surgical position, so as to expose the surgical position and expand the surgical space; S4, absorbing smoke: smoke is generated during the operation. The suction function is activated by controlling the one-way pump (7). The diverter valve (701) opens the valve of the second hose (504). The first hose (501) can follow the deformation of the annular capsule mechanism (2) in step S3, so that the first hose (501) is dispersed around the operation site. A plurality of first hoses (501) generate suction around the operation site. The smoke enters the first hose (501) through the first small hole (502) and is then discharged by the one-way pump (7). S5. Absorbing liquid: Blood and tissue fluid may be generated around the surgical site. The second motor (907) controls the second spur gear (906) to rotate. The second spur gear (906) drives the first spur gear (903) to rotate, and finally drives the rotary arm (904) to rotate, thereby adjusting the overall angle of the liquid removal mechanism (6) so that the notched annular tube (601) rotates to the upper side of the surgical site. At this time, the third motor (1001) is controlled to drive the ball screw (1003) to rotate. The ball screw (1003) drives the screw sleeve (1005) to rotate, thereby driving the angle mechanism (9) to move linearly. The liquid removal mechanism (6) follows the angle mechanism (9) to move linearly, thereby achieving fine adjustment of the notched annular tube. (601) is positioned to ensure that the notched annular tube (601) surrounds the surgical site. At this time, the diverter valve (701) is opened to the valve of the telescopic tube (605), so that the second small hole (603) and the third small hole (604) generate suction. The third small hole (604) fits the skin surface of the surgical site and can absorb the blood and tissue fluid on the surface. The second small holes (603) are distributed around the surgical site and can also absorb smoke. In conjunction with step S4, the defogger function is enhanced. When not in use, the notched annular tube (601) is controlled to return to its original position through the angle mechanism (9) and the moving mechanism (10) to avoid the dehydration mechanism (6) affecting the surgical space and ensure the normal use of other medical devices. S6, collecting waste liquid: The smoke, blood and tissue fluid collected in steps S3 and S4 are discharged into the third hose (803) by the one-way pump (7), and finally enter the box (801) through the injector (804). The liquids are mixed in the box (801) to form waste liquid, and the gas is filtered and discharged by the filter (802), thereby realizing the functions of automatically collecting waste liquid and filtering gas. After the box (801) is full of collected gas, the injector (804) is pulled out and disassembled, and the box (801) is replaced with a new one and the injector (804) is reinserted, thereby realizing the functions of automatically collecting waste liquid and filtering gas, thus forming a demisting, liquid removal and waste liquid treatment process.

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