Sorting method for gangue type copper-sulfur ore containing easily-floating layered silicate

Abstract

The invention discloses a sorting method for gangue type copper-sulfur ore containing easily-floating layered silicate. The mineral processing method comprises the following steps that a pH adjusting agent and a copper activating agent are directly added for ore grinding, and the easily-floating talc type copper-sulfur ore and the serpentine type copper-sulfur ore are ground till the ore with the particle size being 0.074 mm accounts for 60%-85%; a collecting agent is added into the activated ore pulp for copper preferential flotation, the technological process of one-time roughing, two-time scavenging and two-time concentration is adopted, middlings generated by concentration 1 and scavenging 1 are subjected to middling pre-concentration operation and regrinding concentration operation, and the middlings are returned to concentration 1 and scavenging 1 in a quality-divided mode; the method has the beneficial effects that the process is simple, the flow is short, in the ore grinding dissociation process, the efficient copper activating agent is adopted to activate the copper sulfide ore in advance, the activating agent and copper ions on the surface of the chalcopyrite generate chelation, the hydrophobic performance of the surface of the chalcopyrite is protected in advance, and it is avoided that argillized talc forms a slime cover on the surface of the copper sulfide ore; the floating speed of copper minerals is increased, and the copper roughing copper grade and recovery rate are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of copper-sulfur ore flotation, and in particular to a separation method for copper-sulfur ore containing easily floatable layered silicate gangue, and specifically to a separation method for copper-sulfur ore containing easily floatable talc-serpentine. Background Art

[0002] Copper is an important nonferrous metal and the first metal discovered and used by humans. Due to its good electrical conductivity, heat transfer, ductility, strong tensile strength and corrosion resistance, it is widely used in electrical, light industry, machinery manufacturing, construction industry, defense industry and other fields.

[0003] Dongguashan Copper Mine is a large-scale metamorphic primary copper sulfide deposit with strong hydrothermal alteration. The valuable metals are copper, sulfur, iron and associated gold and silver. The copper sulfide minerals in the ore are mainly chalcopyrite, which is closely related to the gangue, mainly inlaid with medium and fine particles, and the coarse, medium and fine particles are extremely unevenly distributed; the gangue minerals are mainly magnesium-containing silicates, especially talc, serpentine and other easy-to-float layered silicate gangue minerals; talc and serpentine are mostly associated together in the form of aggregates and have a close inlaid relationship. There is a lag in the flotation of copper minerals in the on-site production process, the recovery rate of rough copper is low, talc and pyrite are seriously accumulated in the middling ore, and the copper selection indicators fluctuate greatly.

[0004] Since talc has the characteristics of good floatability, easy grinding and easy mudification, talc is easy to enter the flotation concentrate with bubbles during flotation, affecting the quality of copper concentrate. At the same time, the mud-formed talc is easy to adhere to the surface of copper minerals, forming a mud covering, which not only greatly increases the viscosity of the foam, making it difficult to separate sulfide minerals from gangue, but also makes it impossible for copper minerals to effectively mineralize and float with collectors, affecting the floating speed of copper minerals, having an adverse effect on copper mineral selection, and reducing the copper recovery rate. The surface of serpentine particles after grinding is negatively charged. During the flotation process, it combines with the surfaces of some positively charged target minerals such as chalcopyrite and pyrite to form "heterogeneous coagulation", making it difficult for the surfaces of chalcopyrite and pyrite to combine with collectors, affecting the floatability of copper minerals. At the same time, the sludge of the floating layered silicate gangue minerals is continuously accumulated in the process, affecting the floatability of copper minerals, deteriorating the flotation effect, and causing an increase in the consumption of flotation reagents.

[0005] There are two main methods for processing this type of talc-serpentine copper-sulfide ore: One is to pre-remove talc; before the flotation of copper sulfide, the talc that is very easy to float is removed in advance by adding a frother and using a flotation process to reduce the impact of talc on the flotation of copper minerals, which is conducive to improving the grade of copper concentrate. However, when the talc is removed by pre-floatation, some copper minerals with good floatability float up, and even some copper minerals in copper ores are enriched in the talc foam, resulting in the loss of copper metal; generally, it is necessary to add corresponding process technology to recover the lost copper minerals in the talc concentrate.

[0006] One is to directly inhibit talc; talc inhibitors are added during flotation to inhibit talc and make it enter the tailings. Talc inhibitors are divided into inorganic and organic types; inorganic inhibitors mainly include water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, etc., and their inhibition mechanism is mainly that the substances formed after hydrolysis are adsorbed on the surface of talc, making the talc hydrophilic; organic inhibitors mainly include a large number of polymer inhibitors, such as CMC, guar gum, locust bean gum, sodium polyacrylate, dextrin, polyacrylamide, etc., which are used alone or in combination to selectively inhibit talc; but polymer inhibitors usually have poor solubility and are difficult to configure; excessive use of polymer inhibitors has a certain inhibition on copper minerals, affecting the recovery rate of copper, increasing the viscosity of the slurry, easily deteriorating the flotation slurry environment, affecting the sedimentation of the tailings, etc.; however, due to the good floatability of talc, it is often difficult to effectively inhibit it, the inhibition effect is unstable, and even has an adverse effect on the recovery of copper minerals with fine particle size.

[0007] How to reduce the influence of floating talc and serpentine on the flotation of copper ore and efficiently recover copper sulfide minerals in this type of copper-sulfur ore is one of the difficulties in the current mineral processing technology. In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0008] In order to solve at least one of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for separating copper-sulfur ore containing easily floatable layered silicate gangue.

[0009] The technical solution of the present invention is: a separation method of copper-sulfur ore containing easily floatable layered silicate gangue, comprising the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of raw ore activation: directly add pH adjuster and copper activator to grind the copper-sulfur ore containing easy-floating talc and serpentine to -0.074 mm, accounting for 60% to 85% for standby use; S2. Copper sulfide separation: The pulp after activation treatment in S1 is added with a collector according to the rough scavenging operation for copper preferential flotation, and a pH adjuster is added in the concentrating operation. The one roughing, two scavenging and two concentrating process is adopted to obtain copper concentrate and tailings; S3. Pre-selection of middlings: Combine the tailings of S2 concentration 1 and the concentrate product of scavenging 1, and sequentially add dispersants, inhibitors, and collectors to pre-select middlings to obtain pre-selected middlings concentrate and pre-selected middlings tailings; S4. Regrinding of middlings: Grinding the middlings obtained in S3 to -0.045mm, accounting for 75-90%; S5. Middling selection: adding a slurry pH adjuster to the middling pre-selected concentrate after regrinding in S4 to select the middling to obtain a middling selected concentrate and a middling selected tailings; S6. Return of middlings by quality: The middling pre-selection tailings from S3 are returned to the scavenging and selection 1 operation, the middling concentrate from S5 is returned to the selection 1 operation, and the selected tailings from S5 are returned to the middling pre-selection operation.

[0010] The S1 described in the above scheme contains floating talc and serpentine copper-sulfur ore, with a Cu grade of 0.5%~2.0%, an S grade of >10%, an MgO grade of >5%, a talc mineral content of greater than >3%, and a serpentine mineral content of >3%.

[0011] In the above scheme, the pH adjuster in S1 is one of lime and calcium hydroxide, and the dosage is 1000g / t ~ 4000g / t; the copper activator is one or more of thiodiazole and benzotriazole, and the dosage is 50g / t ~ 300g / t.

[0012] The collector in S2 described in the above scheme is one or more of butyl xanthate, ethylthiocarbamate, 25# black medicine, and ethylthiocyanate, and the dosage is 30g / t ~100g / t; the pH adjuster for the beneficiation operation is one of lime and calcium hydroxide, and the dosage is 400g / t ~1000g / t.

[0013] In the above scheme, the dispersant in S3 is water glass or sodium hexametaphosphate, and the dosage is 100g / t ~600g / t; the inhibitor is one or more of CMC, guar gum, locust bean gum, and sodium polyacrylate, and the dosage is 50g / t ~300g / t; the collector is one or more of butyl xanthate, 25# black medicine, and ethyl thiocyanate, and the dosage is 10g / t ~50g / t.

[0014] The pH adjuster in S5 described in the above scheme is one of lime and calcium hydroxide, and the dosage is 200g / t ~600g / t.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. For copper-sulfur ore containing easily floatable talc and serpentine layered silicate gangue, the above technical scheme is adopted, and in the process of grinding and dissociation, a high-efficiency copper activator is used to pre-activate the copper sulfide mineral, and the activator and the copper ions on the surface of the chalcopyrite are chelated to pre-protect the hydrophobicity of the surface of the chalcopyrite, reduce the influence of the mudded talc on the flotation of the copper mineral, accelerate the flotation speed of the copper mineral, improve the copper grade and recovery rate of the copper roughing, the process is simple, the process is easy to operate, and it is easy to promote; 2. For copper-sulfur ores containing stratified silicate gangues that are easy to float talc and serpentine, the above technical solution is adopted to directly add lime or calcium hydroxide during the grinding and dissociation process to effectively remove the influence of inevitable ions on the flotation process, provide favorable conditions for the flotation of copper minerals, and strengthen the inhibition of pyrite and pyrrhotite; 3. For copper-sulfur ore containing stratified silicate gangue with easy-floating talc and serpentine, the above technical solution is adopted. By changing the process structure, the middling ore is not directly returned to the roughing operation, so as to avoid the return of muddy talc and serpentine to affect the copper roughing recovery efficiency, and effectively ensure the flotation effect of roughing copper; 4. For copper-sulfur ores containing stratified silicate gangues that are easy to float talc and serpentine, the above technical solution is adopted to re-grind the pre-selected concentrate of the middling ore, which can avoid further grinding of gangue minerals such as talc, reduce the production of fine talc, and dissociate the intergrowth of chalcopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite and gangue coarse particles as much as possible, providing favorable conditions for improving the copper recovery rate; 5. For copper-sulfur ores containing easily floating talc and serpentine layered silicate gangue, the above technical solution is adopted. Inhibitors are added in the pre-selection operation of the middling ore to inhibit talc and serpentine minerals, and the pre-selection tailings are directly returned to the copper scavenging selection 1 to reduce the circulation of talc and serpentine minerals in the process. Compared with the direct inhibition of talc in the roughing selection, this technical solution can greatly reduce the dosage of dispersants and talc inhibitors. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The following is combined with Figure 1 , the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] Example 1: The treated copper-sulfur ore containing easy-floating talc and serpentine layered silicate gangue has the following components: Cu 0.84%, S 20.04%, MgO 11.18%; talc mineral content 6.515%, serpentine mineral content 11.274%.

[0019] The above raw ore is subjected to the following process steps: (1) Grinding: directly add 2000g / t of calcium hydroxide and 200g / t of thiodiazole to grind the copper-sulfur ore containing easy-floating talc and serpentine layered silicate gangue to -0.074 mm, accounting for 71.32%, for later use; (2) Adding 60 g / t of collector (ethiocarbamate: butyl xanthate: ethylthiocyanate = 6:2:2) to the pulp after activation treatment in step 1 according to the rough scavenging operation, and performing copper preferential flotation. Calcium hydroxide is added in the concentrating 1 and concentrating 2 operations, and a one-rough, two-scavenging, two-concentrating process is adopted to obtain copper concentrate and tailings; (3) The tailings of step 2, concentration 1, and the concentrate product of step 1 were combined, and water glass (300 g / t), CMC (80 g / t), and collector (butyl xanthate: ethyl thiocyanate = 1:1) 10 g / t were added in sequence for pre-selection of middlings to obtain middling pre-selected concentrate and middling pre-selected tailings; (4) The middlings obtained in step 3 were pre-selected and ground to -0.045 mm, accounting for 84.56%; (5) adding 300 g / t of calcium hydroxide to the reground slurry in step 4 to perform middling beneficiation to obtain middling beneficiated concentrate and middling beneficiated tailings; (6) The middling pre-selection tailings of step 3 are returned to the scavenging 1 operation, the middling concentrator of step 5 is returned to the concentrating 1 operation, and the concentrating tailings of step 5 are returned to the middling pre-selection operation.

[0020] Technical indicators: Final copper concentrate Cu grade: 19.43%, recovery rate: 81.67%.

[0021] Example 2: The treated copper-sulfur ore containing easy-floating talc and serpentine layered silicate gangue has the following components: Cu 1.20%, S 22.55%, MgO 11.43%; talc mineral content 4.179%, serpentine mineral content 16.983%.

[0022] The above raw ore is subjected to the following process steps: (1) Grinding: directly add lime 1800g / t and benzotriazole 100g / t to grind the copper-sulfur ore containing easy-floating talc and serpentine layered silicate gangue to -0.074 mm, accounting for 74.80% for standby use; (2) Adding 70 g / t of collector (ethiocarbamate: butyl xanthate: 25# black powder = 4:3:3) to the pulp after activation treatment in step 1 according to the rough scavenging operation, and performing copper preferential flotation. Lime is added in the concentrating 1 and concentrating 2 operations, and a one-rough, two-scavenging, two-concentrating process is adopted to obtain copper concentrate and tailings; (3) The tailings of step 2, concentration 1, and the concentrate product of step 1 are combined, and sodium hexametaphosphate (100 g / t), guar gum (50 g / t), and collector butyl xanthate (10 g / t) are added in sequence to perform pre-selection of the middlings, thereby obtaining a pre-selected middling concentrate and a pre-selected middling tailings; (4) The middlings obtained in step 3 were pre-selected and ground to -0.045 mm, accounting for 87.64%; (5) adding 300 g / t of lime to the reground slurry in step 4 to perform middling beneficiation to obtain middling beneficiated concentrate and middling beneficiated tailings; (6) The middling pre-selection tailings of step 3 are returned to the scavenging 1 operation, the middling concentrator of step 5 is returned to the concentrating 1 operation, and the concentrating tailings of step 5 are returned to the middling pre-selection operation.

[0023] Technical indicators: Final copper concentrate Cu grade: 17.82%, recovery rate: 90.19%.

Claims

1. A separation method for copper-sulfur ore containing easily floatable layered silicate gangue, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Pretreatment of raw ore activation: directly add pH adjuster and copper activator to grind the copper-sulfur ore containing easy-floating talc and serpentine to -0.074 mm, accounting for 60% to 85% for standby use; S2. Copper sulfide separation: The pulp after activation treatment in S1 is added with a collector according to the rough scavenging operation for copper preferential flotation, and a pH adjuster is added in the concentrating operation. The one roughing, two scavenging and two concentrating process is adopted to obtain copper concentrate and tailings; S3. Pre-selection of middlings: Combine the tailings of S2 concentration 1 and the concentrate product of scavenging 1, and sequentially add dispersants, inhibitors, and collectors to pre-select middlings to obtain pre-selected middlings concentrate and pre-selected middlings tailings; S4. Re-grinding of middlings: Grinding the middlings obtained in S3 to -0.045mm, accounting for 75-90%; S5. Middling selection: adding a slurry pH adjuster to the middling pre-selected concentrate after regrinding in S4 to select the middling to obtain a middling selected concentrate and a middling selected tailings; S6. Return of middlings by quality: The middling pre-selection tailings from S3 are returned to the scavenging and selection 1 operation, the middling concentrate from S5 is returned to the selection 1 operation, and the selected tailings from S5 are returned to the middling pre-selection operation.

2. The separation method of a copper-sulfur ore containing easily floatable layered silicate gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 contains floating talc and serpentine copper-sulfur ore, with a Cu grade of 0.5% to 2.0%, an S grade of >10%, an MgO grade of >5%, a talc mineral content of >3%, and a serpentine mineral content of >3%.

3. The separation method of a copper-sulfur ore containing easily floatable layered silicate gangue type as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pH adjuster in S1 is one of lime and calcium hydroxide, and the dosage is 1000g / t to 4000g / t; the copper activator is one or more of thiodiazole and benzotriazole, and the dosage is 50g / t to 300g / t.

4. The separation method of a copper-sulfur ore containing easily floatable layered silicate gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collector in S2 is one or more of butyl xanthate, ethylthiocarbamate, 25# black medicine, and ethylthiocyanate, and the dosage is 30g / t to 100g / t; the pH adjuster for the beneficiation operation is one of lime and calcium hydroxide, and the dosage is 400g / t to 1000g / t.

5. The separation method of a copper-sulfur ore containing easily floatable layered silicate gangue as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The dispersant in S3 is water glass or sodium hexametaphosphate, and the dosage is 100g / t ~ 600g / t; the inhibitor is one or more of CMC, guar gum, locust bean gum, and sodium polyacrylate, and the dosage is 50g / t ~ 300g / t; the collector is one or more of butyl xanthate, 25# black medicine, and ethyl thiocyanate, and the dosage is 10g / t ~ 50g / t.

6. The separation method of a copper-sulfur ore containing easily floatable layered silicate gangue type as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The pH adjuster in S5 is one of lime and calcium hydroxide, and the dosage is 200g / t to 600g / t.

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