An electro-discharge perforator and method of use

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of immersion liquid electric spark piercing device and its using method, it is related to the technical field of piercing processing.The immersion liquid electric spark piercing device of the application includes machine base, bearing assembly, processing assembly, control assembly and immersion liquid component, immersion liquid component includes the immersion liquid seat of liftable being set on machine base, first drive module for driving immersion liquid seat to lift, immersion liquid seat is opened with the liquid tank for accommodating working liquid, bearing assembly is located above liquid tank and its projection on immersion liquid seat is located in liquid tank.The immersion liquid electric spark piercing device of the application, bearing assembly and workpiece on it can be completely immersed in the working liquid in liquid tank, working liquid can be completely filled into the inner cavity of workpiece, so that workpiece can be completely covered by working liquid in the whole discharge machining process, effectively improve the processing quality and processing efficiency of workpiece;Meanwhile, working liquid and metal impurities cannot be scattered and splashed, prevent pollution to machine tool and working environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of perforation technology, and in particular to an immersion-type electrical discharge perforation device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of the manufacturing industry, the demand for high-precision and high-efficiency machining technologies is increasing. Electrical discharge machining (EDM) is widely used in aerospace, automotive, and mold-making fields due to its advantages such as high precision, high efficiency, and low cost.

[0003] In existing technologies, electrical discharge drilling machines are typically used to achieve electrical discharge drilling forming. The working principle of an electrical discharge drilling machine is as follows: the workpiece is placed on the worktable, and then a high-temperature electric spark is generated by electrode discharge to locally melt the metal material. Finally, working fluid is sprayed onto the electrode and the workpiece to cool the electrode and remove metal impurities.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned solutions have the following drawbacks: First, the increased temperature of the workpiece substrate will cause remelting layers, heat-affected zones, and microcracks on its surface, which the sprayed working fluid cannot effectively solve; Second, due to the obstruction of the workpiece's structure, the sprayed working fluid cannot completely cover the holes to be machined, resulting in uneven coverage and defects such as burrs, flaking, and burns in the machined products, leading to poor product quality; Third, during workpiece piercing, the working fluid cannot be sprayed to the hole's exit point, resulting in poor discharge conditions and poor chip removal at the hole's exit point, causing carbon buildup, short circuits, and backtracking, thus affecting piercing efficiency; Fourth, when the sprayed working fluid acts on the workpiece surface, liquid and metal impurities will spread and splash, causing significant pollution to machine tool components and the working environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] One object of this application is to provide an immersion-type EDM drilling device that allows the working fluid to immerse the workpiece.

[0006] The liquid-immersion type EDM drilling device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: An immersion-type electrical discharge drilling device includes a base, on which a support component, a processing component, and a control component are provided. The immersion-type electrical discharge drilling device further includes an immersion component, which includes an immersion seat that can be raised and lowered on the base and a first drive module for driving the immersion seat to rise and fall. The immersion seat has a liquid tank for containing working fluid. The support component is located above the liquid tank and its projection on the immersion seat is located in the liquid tank.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the supporting components and the workpiece can be completely immersed in the working fluid in the liquid tank, and the working fluid can completely fill the inner cavity of the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be completely covered by the working fluid throughout the entire electrical discharge machining process, which effectively improves the machining quality and efficiency of the workpiece; at the same time, the working fluid and metal impurities will not scatter and splash, preventing pollution to the machine tool and working environment.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid tank has two opposing tank walls, each of which is provided with a rack extending vertically. The first drive module includes two gears that mesh with the two racks respectively, and a drive component for driving the two gears to rotate synchronously.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the two side walls of the liquid tank can rise and fall synchronously with the cooperation of two sets of gears and racks, so that the workpiece can be completely immersed in the working fluid, effectively improving the uniformity of the working fluid coverage.

[0010] Preferably, the base is further provided with two limiting seats, which are respectively located above the two groove walls. Each limiting seat has a limiting groove, the opening of which faces the groove wall. The two groove walls are slidably inserted into the two limiting grooves.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the two limiting seats can limit and guide the liquid tank, which can not only prevent the liquid tank from deviating when rising and affecting the immersion effect of the working fluid on the workpiece, but also prevent the liquid tank from rising too much and causing the processing components to be immersed in the working fluid.

[0012] Preferably, the support assembly includes a support platform that can rotate on two axes, and the processing assembly includes a processing seat that can move on three axes, a second drive module for driving the processing seat to move, and an electrode disposed on the processing seat, the electrode being disposed toward the support platform.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the two-axis rotatable support platform and the three-axis movable machining base can cooperate with each other to perform machining on the workpiece without dead angles, which greatly improves the machining quality of the workpiece.

[0014] Preferably, the processing assembly further includes a turntable rotatable about its own axis and a plurality of electrostatic modules spaced apart on the circumferential side of the turntable, wherein the plurality of electrostatic modules can pass directly below the electrode in sequence during the rotation of the turntable.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple electric focusing modules can be used to focus and guide electric sparks on electrodes of various specifications. When facing electrodes of different specifications, multiple electric focusing modules can quickly switch during the rotation of the turntable without manual intervention, achieving a high degree of automation. At the same time, multiple electric focusing modules set on the turntable can move along a predetermined trajectory, and no further precision adjustment is required after switching, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0016] Preferably, the focusing module includes a focusing base, a focusing port opened on the focusing base, and a focusing tube disposed on the focusing base. The electrode is disposed facing the focusing port, the focusing tube is connected to the focusing port, and the focusing tube is disposed facing the support platform and its diameter gradually decreases along the direction close to the support platform.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the electric sparks emitted by the electrode can be focused and guided to the workpiece through the focusing tube. This not only improves the drilling accuracy and efficiency of the workpiece, but also avoids the electric sparks affecting other parts of the workpiece.

[0018] Preferably, the processing assembly further includes a detection module disposed on the turntable, and the plurality of electrostatic modules and the detection module are arranged at circumferential intervals around the turntable.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the position of the workpiece can be calibrated and detected by the detection module before processing. The control component can compensate the movement stroke of the processing seat according to the detection results, which effectively improves the drilling accuracy. At the same time, by setting the detection module on the turntable, the detection module and the electrostatic module can switch quickly during the rotation of the turntable, realizing the seamless connection between the detection process and the drilling process without manual intervention and with a high degree of automation.

[0020] Preferably, the machining assembly further includes a tool storage module disposed on the side of the machining seat and a tool changing module for changing electrodes. The tool storage module includes a tool storage disk rotatable about its own axis and tool storage slots spaced apart on the circumferential side of the tool storage disk. The tool storage slots match the outer contour of the electrode.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, when the electrode on the machining stand becomes worn out and can no longer perform drilling work, or when the drilling size of the workpiece to be processed changes, the tool changing module can cooperate with the tool storage module to automatically replace the electrode on the machining stand, eliminating the need for manual disassembly and replacement of the electrode, thus greatly improving work efficiency.

[0022] Preferably, the tool storage disk has multiple tool storage areas arranged at intervals around its circumference, each of the multiple tool storage areas is numbered, and each tool storage area is provided with at least one tool storage slot.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, electrodes of different specifications can be placed in different tool storage areas. When changing electrodes, the control component can locate the tool storage area according to the specifications of the electrode to be replaced, so that the tool changing module can move directly to the corresponding tool storage area to grab the electrode, which effectively improves the tool changing efficiency.

[0024] Preferably, the tool changing module includes a tool changing seat and a tool changing groove formed on the tool changing seat. The tool changing seat is liftable and can be translated along the direction of approaching or moving away from the machining seat. The tool changing groove matches the outer contour of the electrode.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the electrodes on the machining stand can be quickly replaced during the movement of the tool changer, effectively improving the tool changing efficiency.

[0026] Preferably, the immersion-type EDM drilling device further includes a circulation component disposed on the base. The circulation component includes a circulating water tank, a circulating pump connected to the circulating water tank, a circulation pipe with one end connected to the circulating pump, and the other end of the circulation pipe connected to the liquid tank.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, the working fluid in the liquid tank can circulate and carry away impurity metals under the action of the circulation component, effectively avoiding the deposition of impurity metals in the liquid tank and affecting subsequent workpiece processing.

[0028] Preferably, the circulating water tank is provided with a sewage chamber and a clean water chamber, the circulating assembly further includes a filter, the circulating pump includes a first pump body and a second pump body, the first pump body is connected to the sewage chamber, the second pump body is connected to the clean water chamber, and the circulating pipe includes a first pipe body connecting the first pump body and the filter, a second pipe body connecting the filter and the clean water chamber, and a third pipe body connecting the clean water chamber and the liquid tank.

[0029] By adopting the above technical solution, the working fluid in the liquid tank can achieve rapid and thorough circulation with the cooperation of the sewage chamber, the clean water chamber, the filter and the circulation pump, which improves the cleanliness of the working fluid and effectively avoids the deposition of impurity metals in the liquid tank, which would affect the subsequent workpiece processing.

[0030] Preferably, a first interlayer is provided on the outer periphery of the liquid tank, and an overflow port communicating with the first interlayer is provided on the tank wall of the liquid tank. A second interlayer is also provided inside the base, and the second interlayer is communicating with the sewage chamber. An overflow groove is provided on the second interlayer, and the overflow groove is communicating with the first interlayer.

[0031] By adopting the above technical solution, the working fluid in the liquid tank can be directly transferred to the sewage chamber through the cooperation of the first and second interlayers, effectively avoiding sewage residue and improving sewage discharge efficiency; and there is no need to install a sewage pipe, which effectively saves costs.

[0032] Another objective of this application is to provide a method of using an immersion-type electrical discharge drilling device.

[0033] The method of using the liquid-immersion type electric spark drilling device provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A method of using an immersion-type electrical discharge drilling device, the method of use including a drilling method and a tool changing method, both the drilling method and the tool changing method being based on the above-mentioned electrical discharge drilling device; The perforation method includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the workpiece on the support assembly, and then the first drive module drives the immersion seat to rise. After the workpiece is submerged in the working liquid in the liquid tank, the immersion seat stops rising. Step 2: The processing component performs piercing processing on the workpiece. During the processing, the control component continuously adjusts the position of the processing component and the immersion seat to ensure that the processing position of the workpiece is always below the working fluid level. Step 3: After the perforation is completed, the first drive module drives the immersion seat to descend, and then the processed workpiece is taken out. The tool changing method includes the following steps: Step 1: Move the machining stand to the side of the tool holder; Step 2: The control component controls the rotation of the tool storage disk to rotate the empty tool storage slot between the tool changing module and the machining seat. Then the tool changing module moves the electrode on the machining seat to the empty tool storage slot. Step 3: The control component controls the rotation of the tool storage disk again according to the specifications of the electrode to be replaced, so that the tool storage slot containing the electrode of the corresponding specifications rotates between the tool changing module and the machining seat. Then the tool changing module installs the electrode in the tool storage slot onto the machining seat.

[0034] By adopting the above technical solution, the supporting components and the workpiece can be completely immersed in the working fluid in the liquid tank, and the working fluid can completely fill the inner cavity of the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be completely covered by the working fluid throughout the entire electrical discharge machining process, which effectively improves the machining quality and efficiency of the workpiece; at the same time, the working fluid and metal impurities will not scatter and splash, preventing pollution to the machine tool and working environment. Meanwhile, worn-out electrodes can be replaced in a timely manner, effectively improving drilling accuracy. The entire tool changing process requires no manual intervention and has high tool changing efficiency. Furthermore, through the setting of the tool storage plate, various electrodes of different specifications can be pre-configured. When facing different processing size requirements of workpieces, the tool storage module and the tool changing module can work together to achieve rapid electrode replacement without stopping the machine, ensuring the smoothness of the processing process and improving processing efficiency.

[0035] In summary, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The supporting components and workpieces can be completely immersed in the working fluid in the liquid tank, and the working fluid can completely fill the inner cavity of the workpiece, so that the workpiece can be completely covered by the working fluid throughout the entire electrical discharge machining process, which effectively improves the machining quality and efficiency of the workpiece. 2. The working fluid and metal impurities will not splash and scatter, preventing contamination of the machine tool and working environment; 3. Excessively worn electrodes can be replaced in a timely manner, effectively improving drilling accuracy. The entire tool changing process requires no manual intervention, resulting in high tool changing efficiency. Furthermore, the tool storage tray can be pre-configured with various electrode specifications. When faced with different workpiece size requirements, the tool storage module and tool changing module work together to achieve rapid electrode replacement without stopping the machine, ensuring the smoothness of the processing process and improving processing efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid-immersed EDM drilling device in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the longitudinal section; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the liquid immersion assembly in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the processing component and the supporting component in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged diagram of point A in the diagram; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tool storage module and tool changing module in Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loop component in Embodiment 1 of this application.

[0037] Marked in the attached diagram: 1. Machine base; 11. Workbench; 12. Mounting base; 2. Supporting components; 21. Supporting platform; 3. Machining components; 31. Machining base; 32. Second drive module; 321. First linear motor; 322. Second linear motor; 323. Third linear motor; 33. Electrode; 331. Tool holder; 332. Electrode body; 34. Electrostatic focusing module; 341. Electrostatic focusing base; 3411. Fixing part; 3412. Moving part; 3413. First bolt hole; 3414. Second bolt hole; 342. Electrostatic focusing port; 343. Electrostatic focusing tube; 35. Turntable; 36. Detection module; 37. Tool storage module; 371. Tool storage disc; 372. Tool storage slot; 373. Tool storage holder; 374. Tool storage plate; 38. Tool changing module; 381. Tool changing base; 382. Tool changing slot; 383. Mounting plate; 384. Lifting cylinder; 385. Translation cylinder; 4. Control components; 5. Immersion assembly; 51. Immersion base; 52. First drive module; 521. Gear; 522. Drive component; 53. Liquid tank; 54. Rack; 55. First interlayer; 56. Overflow port; 57. Water outlet tank; 6. Limit seat; 61. Limit groove; 7. Circulation assembly; 71. Circulating water tank; 711. Sewage chamber; 712. Clean water chamber; 713. Second interlayer; 714. Overflow trough; 72. Circulation pump; 721. First pump body; 722. Second pump body; 73. Circulation pipe; 74. Filter; 741. Clean water filter element; 742. Sewage filter element. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-7 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation descriptions, such as up, down, front, back, left, right, etc., are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0040] Example 1: See Figure 1-7As shown, an immersion-type electrical discharge machining (EDM) device includes a base 1, on which a support assembly 2, a machining assembly 3, an immersion assembly 5, a circulation assembly 7, and a control assembly 4 are mounted. The support assembly 2 is located in the middle of the base 1 and is used to support the workpiece; the machining assembly 3 is located on the upper part of the base 1 and is used for drilling the workpiece on the support assembly 2; the immersion assembly 5 is located on the lower part of the base 1 and is used to immerse the support assembly 2 and the workpiece in the working fluid; the circulation assembly 7 is located at the bottom of the base 1 and is used to circulate the working fluid in the immersion assembly 5; the control assembly 4 is a numerical control system used for overall program control of the support assembly 2, machining assembly 3, immersion assembly 5, and circulation assembly 7. The support assembly 2, machining assembly 3, immersion assembly 5, circulation assembly 7, and control assembly 4 are all arranged on the base 1, with a scientific and reasonable layout and high space utilization.

[0041] In this embodiment, as Figure 1-3 As shown, the immersion assembly 5 includes an immersion seat 51 that can be raised and lowered on the base 1, and a first drive module 52 for driving the immersion seat 51 to rise and fall. The immersion seat 51 has a liquid tank 53 for containing the working fluid. The support assembly 2 is located above the liquid tank 53 and its projection on the immersion seat 51 is located in the liquid tank 53.

[0042] When drilling a workpiece, the first drive module 52 can drive the immersion seat 51 to rise and make the liquid tank 53 cover the bearing component 2, so that the workpiece can be completely immersed in the working fluid in the liquid tank 53. The working fluid can completely fill the inner cavity of the workpiece. The workpiece can be completely covered by the working fluid throughout the entire electrical discharge machining process, which effectively improves the machining quality and efficiency of the workpiece. At the same time, the working fluid and metal impurities will not scatter and splash, preventing pollution to the machine tool and working environment.

[0043] Specifically, in combination Figure 2 As shown, a worktable 11 is provided on the machine base 1. The worktable 11 is hollow and a machine tool casting is installed inside it. The immersion seat 51 is arranged around the periphery of the worktable 11 and can be raised and lowered relative to the worktable 11. The liquid tank 53 is formed between the worktable 11 and the immersion seat 51.

[0044] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 3As shown, the liquid tank 53 has two opposing tank walls, each with a rack 54 extending vertically. The first drive module 52 includes two gears 521 meshing with the two racks 54, and a drive component 522 for driving the two gears 521 to rotate synchronously. The two gears 521 are connected at both ends within the same rotating shaft. The drive component 522 is a servo motor for driving the rotating shaft. The two tank walls of the liquid tank 53 can rise and fall synchronously with the cooperation of the two sets of gears 521 and racks 54, allowing the workpiece to be completely immersed in the working fluid, effectively improving the uniformity of the working fluid coverage.

[0045] Two limiting seats 6 are also provided on the base 1. The two limiting seats 6 are respectively located above the two oppositely arranged tank walls of the liquid tank 53. Each limiting seat 6 has a limiting groove 61 with the groove opening facing downwards. The two oppositely arranged tank walls of the liquid tank 53 are slidably inserted into the two limiting grooves 61. During its sliding stroke, the two oppositely arranged tank walls of the liquid tank 53 can be accommodated in the two limiting seats 6. The two limiting seats 6 can limit and guide the liquid tank 53. When the two tank walls reach the end of their stroke, the two limiting seats 6 can abut against the two tank walls, thereby achieving guidance and limitation of the two tank walls. In this way, not only can the liquid tank 53 be prevented from deviating during its rise, thus affecting the immersion effect of the working fluid on the workpiece, but it can also be prevented from the liquid tank 53 rising excessively, causing the processing component 3 to be immersed in the working fluid and thus preventing damage to the processing component 3.

[0046] In this embodiment, as Figure 2-3 As shown, a mounting base 12 is provided on one side of the workbench 11, the immersion seat 51 is door-shaped and surrounds the other three sides of the workbench 11, the bearing assembly 2 is provided on the side of the mounting base 12 facing the immersion seat 53, two limiting seats 6 are provided on the mounting base 12 and are respectively located on both sides of the bearing assembly 2, the processing assembly 3 is provided on the top of the mounting base 12, and the liquid tank 53 is formed between the mounting base 12, the immersion seat 51 and the workbench 11.

[0047] Combination Figure 4 As shown, the support assembly 2 includes a support platform 21 that can rotate around the B-axis and the C-axis. The support platform 21 is an electric turntable with a sealed exterior. The sealed electric turntable can prevent the working fluid from seeping into its interior when immersed in the working fluid, thus avoiding damage to the electric turntable and affecting the drilling process. The B-axis direction and the C-axis direction are the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively.

[0048] The machining assembly 3 includes a machining base 31 movable along the X, Y, and Z axes, a second drive module 32 for driving the machining base 31, and an electrode 33 mounted on the machining base 31. The machining base 31 is located above the support platform 21. The electrode 33 includes a tool holder 331 and an electrode body 332. The tool holder 331 is mounted on the bottom of the machining base 31, and the electrode body 332 faces the support platform 21. The X and Y axes are two mutually perpendicular directions on a horizontal plane, while the Z axis is a vertical direction. The second drive module 32 includes a first linear motor 321 with a drive direction along the X axis, a second linear motor 322 with a drive direction along the Y axis, and a third linear motor 323 with a drive direction along the Z axis. The first linear motor 321 is mounted on the base 1, the second linear motor 322 is mounted on the slider of the first linear motor 321, the third linear motor 323 is mounted on the slider of the second linear motor 322, and the machining base 31 is mounted on the slider of the third linear motor 323. The two-axis rotatable support platform 21 and the three-axis movable machining base 31 can cooperate with each other to perform machining on the workpiece without dead angles, which greatly improves the machining quality of the workpiece.

[0049] Combination Figure 5 As shown, the processing component 3 also includes a turntable 35 that is rotatable about its own axis and three electrostatic modules 34 spaced apart on the circumferential side of the turntable 35. The turntable 35 is inclined at the lower end of the third linear motor 323, which is driven by a servo motor and its rotation axis is perpendicular to the X-axis. The three electrostatic modules 34 can pass directly below the electrode 33 in sequence during the rotation of the turntable 35.

[0050] The three focusing modules 34 can respectively realize the focusing and guiding of electric sparks from various electrodes 33. When facing electrodes 33 of different specifications, the three focusing modules 34 can flexibly switch during the rotation of the turntable 35 without manual intervention, achieving a high degree of automation. At the same time, the three focusing modules 34 set on the turntable 35 can move along a predetermined trajectory, and no further precision adjustment is required after switching, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0051] Furthermore, the focusing module 34 includes a focusing base 341 mounted on the turntable 35, a focusing port 342 located at the upper end of the focusing base 341, and a focusing tube 343 connected to the bottom of the focusing base 341. The electrode 33 is positioned facing the focusing port 342, and the focusing tube 343 is connected to the focusing port 342. The focusing tube 343 is positioned facing the support platform 21, and its diameter gradually decreases along the direction closer to the support platform 21. The electric sparks emitted by the electrode 33 can be focused and guided to the workpiece through the focusing tube 343, which not only improves the drilling accuracy and efficiency of the workpiece but also avoids the electric sparks affecting other parts of the workpiece. At the same time, the turntable 35 is tilted so that an obtuse angle structure is formed between the turntable 35 and the focusing base 341, which can avoid interference between the turntable 35 and the electrode, allowing the electrode 33 to more accurately align with the focusing port 342.

[0052] The focusing base 341 includes a fixed part 3411 and a movable part 3412. The fixed part 3411 is mounted on the turntable 35, and the movable part 3412 is movably connected to the fixed part 3411. The focusing port 342 is opened on the movable part 3412. Two first bolt holes 3413 are opened on the fixed part 3411, and two second bolt holes 3414 are opened on the end of the movable part 3412 away from the focusing port 342. An adjusting bolt is provided between the first bolt holes 3413 and the second bolt holes 3414. By loosening and tightening the adjusting bolt, the distance between the end of the movable part 3412 away from the focusing port 342 and the fixed part 3411 can be adjusted, thereby realizing the posture adjustment of the entire movable part 3412, changing the angle between the movable part 3412 and the turntable 35, and thus realizing the verticality adjustment of the focusing base 341. This can effectively improve the focusing effect of the focusing base 341.

[0053] In this embodiment, combined again Figure 5 As shown, the processing component 3 also includes a detection module 36 mounted on the turntable 35. Three electrostatic modules 34 and the detection module 36 are arranged circumferentially around the turntable 35, with the detection module 36 positioned along the arrangement direction of the three electrostatic modules 34. Before processing the workpiece, the position of the workpiece can be calibrated and detected by the detection module 36. The control component 4 can compensate for the travel of the processing seat 31 based on the detection results, effectively improving drilling accuracy. Simultaneously, by mounting the detection module 36 on the turntable 35, the detection module 36 and the electrostatic modules 34 can quickly switch during the rotation of the turntable 35, achieving seamless integration of the detection and drilling processes without manual intervention, resulting in a high degree of automation.

[0054] Specifically, due to the accumulation of manufacturing errors, surface errors, and installation errors during the casting, production, and assembly of parts, spatial and positional deviations will exist when drilling according to the theoretical model. Therefore, when high machining accuracy is required, further determination of the spatial position of the part is necessary. In this embodiment, the detection module 36 is a wireless detection head. During detection, the turntable 35 rotates and rotates the detection module 36 directly below the electrode 33. Subsequently, the machining base 31 moves and drives the detection module 36 to perform six-point calibration on the workpiece to determine the deviation between the actual and theoretical positions of the workpiece. The control component 4 can modify the machining program and compensate for the travel of the machining base 31 based on the detected deviations, making the drilling position more accurate. Furthermore, after the detection is completed, the switching between the electrostatic module 34 and the detection module 36 can be achieved simply by rotating the turntable 35, resulting in high work efficiency.

[0055] In this embodiment, combined with Figure 6 As shown, the machining assembly 3 also includes a tool storage module 37 located on the side of the machining base 31 and a tool changing module 38 for changing the electrode 33. The tool storage module 37 includes a tool storage holder 373, a tool storage disk 371 rotatable about its own axis and located on the upper end of the tool storage holder 373, a servo motor for driving the rotation of the tool storage disk 371, tool storage plates 374 spaced apart on the circumferential side of the tool storage disk 371, and tool storage slots 372 formed on the tool storage plates 374. The tool storage disk 371 is horizontally arranged, and the tool storage slots 372 match the outer contour of the electrode 33. Before starting the drilling operation, multiple electrodes 33 can be pre-installed in the tool storage slots 372 for later use. The tool holder 331 is inserted into the tool storage slots 372, and the electrode body 332 extends downward.

[0056] When the electrode 33 on the machining stand 31 becomes worn out and can no longer perform drilling work, or when the drilling size of the workpiece changes, the tool changing module 38 can cooperate with the tool storage module 37 to replace the electrode 33 on the machining stand 31. This eliminates the need for manual disassembly and replacement of the electrode 33, greatly improving work efficiency.

[0057] Four tool storage areas are arranged circumferentially on the tool storage disk 371, and these four tool storage areas are numbered sequentially from 1 to 4. Each tool storage area has four tool storage slots 372, meaning there are a total of sixteen tool storage slots 372, which are numbered sequentially from 1 to 16. In this way, four different specifications of electrodes 33 can be placed in the four tool storage areas respectively. When changing the electrode 33, the control component 4 can locate the tool storage area number according to the specification of the electrode 33 to be replaced, so that the tool changing module 38 can directly move to the corresponding tool storage area to grab the electrode 33, effectively improving the tool changing efficiency. At the same time, the sequential numbering of the sixteen tool storage slots 372 allows the tool changing module 38 to directly locate the corresponding tool storage slot 372, further increasing the tool changing efficiency.

[0058] In this embodiment, combined again Figure 6 As shown, the tool changing module 38 includes a mounting plate 383 located at the center of the bottom of the tool storage plate 371, a lifting cylinder 384 mounted on the mounting plate 383, a translation cylinder 385 located at the piston rod end of the lifting cylinder 384, a tool changing seat 381 located at the piston rod end of the translation cylinder 385, and tool changing slots 382 formed on the tool changing seat 381. Sixteen tool storage slots 372 surround the periphery of the mounting plate 383. The piston rod of the translation cylinder 385 can extend and retract in the direction of approaching or moving away from the machining seat 31. The tool changing seat 381 can be raised and lowered under the action of the lifting cylinder 384 and the translation cylinder 385, and can also be translated in the direction of approaching or moving away from the machining seat 31. The tool changing slots 382 match the outer contour of the tool holder 331. In this way, the electrode 33 on the machining seat 31 can be quickly replaced during the movement of the tool changing seat 381, effectively improving the tool changing efficiency.

[0059] Specifically, during tool unloading, the tool changer 381 moves to the bottom of the machining base 31 after the lifting and translating strokes. Then, the tool change slot 382 locks the electrode 33 and pulls it out. Subsequently, the tool storage disk 371 rotates and rotates the empty tool storage slot 372 onto the translation path of the tool changer 381. The tool changer 381 moves to the side of the tool storage disk 371 and places the electrode 33 in the empty tool storage slot 372. During tool changing, the control component 4 directly positions the corresponding tool storage area and tool storage slot 372 according to the specifications of the electrode to be replaced. Then, the turntable 35 rotates and rotates the corresponding tool storage slot 372 to the translation path on the side of the tool changer 381. The tool changer 381 translates and takes out the electrode. After the translation stroke and the lifting stroke, the electrode 33 in the tool storage slot 372 is transported to the bottom of the machining seat 31. Then, the tool holder 331 is inserted into the machining seat 31.

[0060] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 7As shown, the circulation component 7 includes a circulating water tank 71, a circulating pump 72 connected to the circulating water tank 71, and a circulation pipe 73 with one end connected to the circulating pump 72. The other end of the circulation pipe 73 is connected to the liquid tank 53. The working fluid in the liquid tank 53 can circulate and carry away impurity metal under the action of the circulation component 7, effectively preventing impurity metal from depositing in the liquid tank 53 and affecting subsequent workpiece processing.

[0061] The circulating water tank 71 is equipped with a sewage chamber 711 and a clean water chamber 712. The circulating assembly 7 also includes a filter 74, which includes a clean water filter element 741 and a sewage filter element 742. The circulating pump 72 includes a first pump body 721 and a second pump body 722. The first pump body 721 is connected to the sewage chamber 711, and the second pump body 722 is connected to the clean water chamber 712. The circulating pipe 73 includes a first pipe body connecting the first pump body 721 and the filter 74, a second pipe body connecting the filter 74 and the clean water chamber 712, and a third pipe body connecting the clean water chamber 712 and the liquid tank 53.

[0062] Specifically, the first pump body 721 is responsible for pumping the sewage in the sewage chamber 711 to the sewage filter element 742 for filtration, and then sending it to the clean water chamber 712; at the same time, the first pump body 721 is also responsible for cleaning the pipeline of the sewage chamber 711 and pumping out the sewage in the sewage chamber 711. The second pump body 722 is responsible for pumping water from the clean water chamber 712 to the liquid tank 53; and the second pump body 722 is also responsible for pumping wastewater from the clean water chamber 712 to the clean water filter element 741 for filtration, and then sending it to the inner cavity of the electrode 33 to form a high-pressure internal flushing liquid, which is sprayed onto the workpiece when it is pierced; at the same time, the second pump body 722 is also responsible for the pumping and draining of clean water from the clean water chamber 712, as well as the depressurization of the clean water chamber 712.

[0063] The system includes a first interlayer 55 on the outer periphery of the liquid tank 53, multiple overflow ports 56 communicating with the first interlayer 55 on the upper side of the tank wall, a water outlet 57 below the first interlayer 55, and a second interlayer 713 on the outer periphery of the workbench 11, communicating with the wastewater chamber 711. An overflow channel 714 is provided on the second interlayer 713, and the first interlayer 55 is inserted into the second interlayer 713 through the overflow channel 714. The working fluid in the liquid tank 53 can be directly transferred to the wastewater chamber 711 through the cooperation of the first interlayer 55 and the second interlayer 713, effectively avoiding wastewater residue and improving sewage discharge efficiency; furthermore, it eliminates the need for a separate sewage pipe, effectively saving costs.

[0064] The immersion-type EDM drilling device of this embodiment has the following advantages compared with existing EDM drilling machines: 1. The innovative integrated bed structure combines the machine base 1 with the load-bearing component 2, processing component 3, immersion component 5, circulation component 7, and control component 4 into a single structure, which simplifies the equipment and improves space utilization.

[0065] 2. The dual-axis rotatable support platform 21 and the liftable liquid tank 53 enable precise control of the working fluid level, ensuring that the workpiece is always positioned below the working fluid level, thus effectively improving processing quality and efficiency.

[0066] 3. The liftable liquid tank 53 can immerse the workpiece in the working fluid throughout the entire processing process. The processed workpiece will not have defects such as burrs, flaking, burning and blackening. The quality of the hole opening and hole wall, metallographic structure and other properties of the processed thick workpiece are superior to those of workpieces processed by existing technologies.

[0067] 4. The circulation component 7 can realize the circulation of the working fluid in the liquid tank 53 and carry away the metal impurities on the workpiece, so as to avoid the metal impurities from depositing in the liquid tank 53 and affecting the subsequent workpiece processing.

[0068] 5. Excessively worn electrodes can be replaced in a timely manner, effectively improving drilling accuracy. The entire tool changing process requires no manual intervention and has high tool changing efficiency. Furthermore, through the setting of the tool storage plate, various electrodes of different specifications can be pre-configured. When facing different processing size requirements of workpieces, the tool storage module and the tool changing module can cooperate to achieve rapid electrode replacement without stopping the machine, ensuring the smoothness of the processing process and improving processing efficiency.

[0069] Example 2: This example discloses a method of using an immersion-type electrical discharge drilling device, which includes a drilling method and a tool changing method.

[0070] The perforation method includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the workpiece on the support platform 21. The support platform 21 rotates on two axes and adjusts the processing position and angle of the tool. Then, the first drive module 52 drives the immersion seat 51 to rise. The circulation component 7 continuously fills the liquid tank 53 with working fluid. After the working fluid in the liquid tank 53 submerges the workpiece, the immersion seat 51 stops rising.

[0071] The servo motor drives two gears 521 to rotate synchronously. The two gears 521 are in transmission cooperation with two racks 54 and drive the two side walls of the liquid tank 53 to rise and fall synchronously. During the rising and falling process, the volume of the liquid tank 53 formed between the two side walls and the worktable 11 can gradually increase, so that the liquid tank 53 can hold more working fluid. When the two side walls of the liquid tank 53 reach the end of the rising stroke, the two limit grooves 61 abut against the two side walls of the liquid tank 53.

[0072] Step 2: The machining seat 31 moves along three axes and moves the electrode 33 closer to the workpiece. The electrode 33 performs precise machining on the workpiece through the electrostatic module 34. During the machining process, the control component 4 continuously adjusts the position of the machining component 3 and the immersion seat 51 so that the machining position of the workpiece is always below the liquid level of the working fluid. The circulation component 7 drives the working fluid in the liquid tank 53 to circulate and carry away metal impurities.

[0073] When facing electrodes 33 of different specifications, the turntable 35 rotates and drives different electrostatic modules 34 to directly below the electrode 33, so as to realize the switching of electrostatic modules 34.

[0074] Before drilling the workpiece, the turntable 35 rotates and rotates the detection module 36 to directly below the electrode 33. Then the machining seat 31 moves and drives the detection module 36 to perform six-point calibration on the workpiece to determine the deviation between the actual position and the theoretical position of the workpiece. The control component 4 modifies the machining program and compensates for the movement stroke of the machining seat 31 based on the detected deviation.

[0075] Step 3: After the perforation is completed, the first drive module 52 drives the immersion seat 51 to descend, and then the completed workpiece is removed from the support platform 21 and replaced with a new workpiece. Then the above steps are repeated.

[0076] After repeating the above-mentioned drilling steps multiple times, the electrode 33 on the machining base 31 will become worn out and unable to continue drilling. At this time, the electrode 33 needs to be replaced. Alternatively, when the workpiece needs to be drilled with holes of different sizes, the original electrode is no longer suitable, and the electrode 33 also needs to be replaced.

[0077] The specific tool changing method includes the following steps: Step 1: The control component 4 controls the machining seat 31 to move in the horizontal and vertical directions, so that the machining seat 31 moves to the side of the tool storage plate 371.

[0078] Among them, the control component 4 can calculate and judge the remaining length of the electrode 33 on the processing seat 31 in real time. When the height of the processing seat 31 plus the drilling depth is greater than the total lifting stroke of the processing seat 31, the control component 4 will trigger the judgment to replace the electrode 33.

[0079] Step 2: The control component 4 controls the tool storage disk 371 to rotate, rotating the empty tool storage slot 372 between the tool changing module 38 and the machining seat 31. Then, after the translational and lifting strokes, the tool changing seat 381 reaches the side of the machining seat 31, removes the electrode 33 from the machining seat 31, and then resets the tool changing seat 381 and embeds the electrode 33 into the empty tool storage slot 372.

[0080] Step 3: The control component 4 controls the tool storage disk 371 to rotate again according to the specifications of the electrode 33 to be replaced, so that the tool storage slot 372 containing the electrode 33 of the corresponding specifications rotates between the tool changing module 38 and the machining seat 31. Then, after the translational stroke and the lifting stroke, the tool changing seat 381 grabs the electrode 33 in the corresponding tool storage slot 372, and then after the translational stroke and the lifting stroke again, installs the electrode 33 onto the machining seat 31.

[0081] The control component 4 locates the corresponding tool storage area according to the specifications of the electrode 33 to be replaced, analyzes whether there are still electrodes 33 remaining in the corresponding tool storage area, and finally controls the tool changer 381 to reach the corresponding tool storage slot 372 to grab the electrode 33.

[0082] During the processing, the specific movement paths of the processing seat 31, the support platform 21, and the tool changer 381 are flexibly determined by the control component 4 according to the specific processing conditions.

[0083] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid-immersion type electrical discharge drilling device, comprising a base (1), wherein the base (1) is provided with a bearing assembly (2), a processing assembly (3), and a control assembly (4), characterized in that: The immersion-type EDM drilling device further includes an immersion assembly (5), which includes an immersion seat (51) that can be raised and lowered on the base (1) and a first drive module (52) for driving the immersion seat (51) to rise and fall. The immersion seat (51) is provided with a liquid tank (53) for containing working fluid. The bearing assembly (2) is located above the liquid tank (53) and its projection on the immersion seat (51) is located in the liquid tank (53). The bearing assembly (2) includes a bearing platform (21) that can rotate on two axes, and the processing assembly (3) includes a processing seat (31) that can move on three axes, a second driving module (32) for driving the processing seat (31) to move, an electrode (33) provided on the processing seat (31), a turntable (35) that can rotate around its own axis, a plurality of electrostatic modules (34) spaced apart on the circumferential side of the turntable (35), a tool storage module (37) provided on the side of the processing seat (31), and a tool changing module (38) for changing the electrode; The electrostatic module (34) includes an electrostatic base (341) disposed on the turntable (35), an electrostatic port (342) opened at the upper end of the electrostatic base (341), and an electrostatic tube (343) connected to the bottom of the electrostatic base (341). The electrode (33) is disposed facing the electrostatic port (342), the electrostatic tube (343) is connected to the electrostatic port (342), and the electrostatic tube (343) is disposed facing the support platform (21) and its diameter gradually decreases along the direction close to the support platform (21). The electrode (33) is positioned facing the support platform (21), and the plurality of electrostatic modules (34) can pass directly below the electrode (33) in sequence during the rotation of the turntable (35); The tool storage module (37) includes a tool storage disk (371) rotatable about its own axis and tool storage slots (372) spaced apart on the circumferential side of the tool storage disk (371). The tool storage slots (372) match the outer contour of the electrode (33). Multiple tool storage areas are arranged on the tool storage disk (371) around its own circumference. The multiple tool storage areas are numbered respectively, and each tool storage area is provided with at least one tool storage slot (372).

2. The immersion-type EDM drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid tank (53) has two oppositely arranged tank walls. The base (1) is also provided with two limiting seats (6). The two limiting seats (6) are respectively located above the two tank walls. Each limiting seat (6) has a limiting groove (61). The opening of the limiting groove (61) is set towards the tank wall. The two tank walls are slidably inserted into the two limiting grooves (61).

3. The immersion-type EDM drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing component (3) also includes a detection module (36) disposed on the turntable (35), and the plurality of electrostatic modules (34) and the detection module (36) are arranged circumferentially around the turntable (35).

4. The immersion-type EDM drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tool changing module (38) includes a tool changing seat (381) and a tool changing groove (382) formed on the tool changing seat (381). The tool changing seat (381) is liftable and can be translated along the direction of approaching or moving away from the machining seat (31). The tool changing groove (382) matches the outer contour of the electrode (33).

5. The immersion-type EDM drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The immersion-type EDM drilling device also includes a circulation assembly (7) mounted on the base (1). The circulation assembly (7) includes a circulating water tank (71), a circulating pump (72) connected to the circulating water tank (71), and a circulation pipe (73) with one end connected to the circulating pump (72). The other end of the circulation pipe (73) is connected to the liquid tank (53). The circulating water tank (71) contains a wastewater chamber (711) and a clean water chamber (712). The outer periphery of the liquid tank (53) is provided with a first interlayer (55), and the tank wall of the liquid tank (53) is provided with an overflow port (56) communicating with the first interlayer (55). The base (1) is also provided with a second interlayer (713), which is connected to the sewage chamber (711). An overflow groove (714) is provided on the second interlayer (713), which is connected to the first interlayer (55).

6. A method of using a liquid-immersion type electrical discharge drilling device, characterized in that: The method of use is based on the liquid-immersion EDM drilling device according to any one of claims 1-5, and the method of use includes a drilling method and a tool changing method: The method of use includes the following steps: Step 1: Place the workpiece on the support assembly (2), and then the first drive module (52) drives the immersion seat (51) to rise. After the workpiece is submerged in the working liquid in the liquid tank (53), the immersion seat (51) stops rising. Step 2, the processing component (3) performs piercing processing on the workpiece, and the control component (4) continuously adjusts the position of the processing component (3) and the immersion seat (51) during the processing process so that the processing position of the workpiece is always below the liquid level of the working fluid. Step 3: After the perforation is completed, the first drive module (52) drives the immersion seat (51) to descend, and then the completed workpiece is taken out. The tool changing method includes the following steps: Step 1: Move the machining stand (31) to the side of the tool storage plate (371); Step 2, the control component (4) controls the rotation of the tool storage disk (371) to rotate the empty tool storage slot (372) between the tool changing module (38) and the machining seat (31). Then the tool changing module (38) transports the electrode (33) on the machining seat (31) to the empty tool storage slot (372). Step 3: The control component (4) controls the tool storage disk (371) to rotate again according to the specifications of the electrode (33) to be replaced, so that the tool storage slot (372) containing the electrode (33) of the corresponding specifications rotates between the tool changing module (38) and the machining seat (31). Then the tool changing module (38) installs the electrode (33) in the tool storage slot (372) onto the machining seat (31).

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