Battery replacement station for chassis battery replacement type electric heavy truck and battery replacement method

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery replacing station and a battery replacing method for a chassis battery replacing type electric heavy truck, a battery replacing area used for installing an RGV conveying system is arranged below the middle of a parking platform, and the RGV conveying system comprises a conveying frame matched with the battery replacing area, a gap bridge base plate and a multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley; the conveying frame is fixedly provided with two vertically-parallel moving guide rails in the length direction. A temporary storage battery rack used for placing battery packs side by side, a stacking machine module used for moving the battery packs, a charger used for charging the battery packs, a battery fire water tank used for storing damaged battery packs and a water cooling module used for cooling the whole battery replacement station bin body are arranged in the battery replacement station bin body. A staggered conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the cache battery rack and comprises guide rails arranged in parallel and a plurality of groups of scissor arm brackets which are arranged on the guide rails in a sliding manner and are used for placing battery packs; the problems that in the prior art, an electric heavy truck is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble and has potential safety hazards during hoisting and battery replacement are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of battery replacement for new energy vehicles, and relates to a battery replacement station and a battery replacement method for chassis battery replacement electric heavy trucks. Background Art

[0002] Pure electric heavy-duty trucks are developing more and more rapidly. One of the bottlenecks hindering the development of pure electric heavy-duty trucks is the difficulty of charging power batteries. The traditional way is to use charging piles for fast charging, but this method has many disadvantages: the efficiency is still far less than refueling, the battery life is reduced, and the cost of battery maintenance is high. In order to solve the efficiency problem, the existing solution is to use battery replacement, directly replace the battery on the electric vehicle, replace the fully charged battery at the battery replacement station, and replace the low-power battery and charge it at the battery replacement station. This improves the endurance efficiency of electric heavy-duty trucks, but the most important thing about the battery replacement method is the battery replacement efficiency.

[0003] Since commercial vehicles, especially electric heavy trucks, are heavy and inconvenient to position and lift, existing electric heavy truck batteries basically adopt a piggyback battery replacement method, and the battery is removed or installed by hoisting. The hoisting mechanism is generally located above the battery storage area and the driving channel, and is used to lift the fully charged batteries in the battery storage area to the battery replacement vehicle in the driving channel; however, the hoisting mechanism generally occupies a large area and requires the setting of trusses and hoisting channels, which is inconvenient to install and move; and the battery is assembled by hoisting. Since the battery is heavy, the battery will swing due to inertia during the hoisting and moving process, and it is difficult to quickly place the battery to the designated position. If the battery slips, it will cause certain safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problems of inconvenient disassembly and assembly and potential safety hazards in the prior art of lifting and battery replacement of electric heavy trucks, the present invention provides a battery replacement station and a battery replacement method for chassis-replacement electric heavy trucks, which changes the installation position of the battery of the electric heavy truck and installs the battery on the chassis, thereby completing the battery replacement action of the battery installed on the chassis.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A battery swap station for chassis battery swapping electric heavy trucks, comprising a battery swap station body and a parking platform arranged in parallel with the battery swap station body, a battery swap area for installing an RGV conveying system is opened at the lower middle part of the parking platform, the RGV conveying system comprises a conveying frame, a bridge pad and a multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley adapted to the battery swap area, the conveying frame is fixedly provided with two sets of upper and lower parallel movable guide rails along the length direction, the bridge pad is slidably connected to the corresponding upper movable guide rails, and the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley is slidably connected to the corresponding lower movable guide rails; a cache battery rack for placing battery packs side by side, a stacker module for moving battery packs, a charger for charging battery packs, a battery fire water tank for storing damaged battery packs and a water cooling module for cooling the entire battery swap station body are arranged in the battery swap station body, a staggered conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the cache battery rack, the staggered conveying mechanism comprises parallel guide rails and a plurality of sets of scissor arm brackets slidably arranged on the guide rails for placing battery packs, and the sum of the lengths of the scissor arm brackets is less than the length of the guide rails.

[0007] Furthermore, the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley includes a lifting and transferring device and an RGV trolley installed on the lifting and transferring device, the lifting and transferring device includes a base plate, a first support plate moving along the Y direction of the base plate, a second support plate and two sets of scissor fork lifting brackets installed between the first support plate and the second support plate; the RGV trolley includes rollers rotatably installed at the four corners of the second support plate, a rotating mechanism installed on the upper surface of the second support plate, a third support plate installed on the rotating mechanism, a plurality of groups of power scissor fork brackets installed on the third support plate and a storage table correspondingly installed on each power scissor fork bracket, and the storage table is used to support the battery pack for battery replacement.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotating mechanism includes a gear ring fixedly connected to the third support plate and a rotating drive fixedly connected to the gear ring shaft, and the rotating drive is fixed on the second support plate.

[0009] Furthermore, a front wheel pitch changing positioning device is also provided on the parking platform of the battery swap station, and the front wheel pitch changing positioning device includes a plurality of front wheel positioning plates arranged in parallel and a driving device fixedly installed on both sides of the front wheel positioning plates, and the driving device includes an L-shaped bracket fixedly installed on both sides of the parking platform, a fifth driving motor and a fifth reducer are fixedly installed on the inner sides of both ends of the L-shaped bracket, and a chain conveyor is installed on the outer side of the L-shaped bracket, wherein a rotating shaft of the chain conveyor is fixedly connected to the fifth reducer, and a sliding block is fixedly mounted on the chain conveyor, and the sliding block is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding two front wheel positioning plates, and the driving motor can drive the chain conveyor to drive the front wheel positioning plate to move along the parking platform as a whole.

[0010] Furthermore, each set of scissor arm brackets is fixedly connected to an upper support frame for supporting the battery replacement battery pack at the top, and is fixedly connected to a lower support frame at the bottom. A number of moving blocks used in conjunction with the guide rails are fixedly installed at the bottom of the lower support frame, and a sixth power assembly is connected to the moving blocks. The scissor arm brackets on the moving blocks are driven by the sixth power assembly to move laterally along the guide rails. Multiple battery packs are placed on the upper support frame corresponding to each set of scissor arm brackets, and battery pack clamps for clamping the battery packs are fixedly installed on the frame at each battery pack storage station on the cache battery rack.

[0011] Furthermore, the battery pack clamp includes a baffle fixedly installed longitudinally on the cache battery rack, movable rails fixedly installed on both sides of the baffle, and an L-shaped clamp slidably connected to the movable rails, and an eighth power component for driving the L-shaped clamp to move up and down is fixedly installed on the baffle.

[0012] A method for replacing power at a battery replacement station for a chassis battery replacement electric heavy truck, comprising the following steps:

[0013] S1. Before the electric heavy truck enters the battery swap station, the gate recognizes the vehicle information, retrieves the vehicle battery information through the cloud platform, and opens after determining that the vehicle model and related information match;

[0014] S2. The vehicle drives onto the parking platform of the battery swap station, and the front wheels of the electric heavy truck are limited by the front wheel positioning plate in the front wheel pitch change positioning device;

[0015] S3, the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley starts to work. The multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley moves from the side of the parking platform to the parking platform. During the movement, the bridge pad on the parking platform opens, and the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley stops at the bottom of the electric heavy truck and is positioned at the precise position of the battery pack through the detection mechanism;

[0016] S4. The multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley drives the battery pack removed from the electric heavy truck to be removed from the parking platform. At the same time, the bridge pad is reset. At this time, the bridge pad is closed on the parking platform to ensure the integrity of the parking platform and prevent people from mistakenly entering the parking platform during this process. The multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley drives the battery to move to the staggered conveying mechanism in the battery swap station compartment. A scissor arm bracket in the staggered conveying mechanism is used to place the disassembled low-power battery pack. The scissor arm bracket moves horizontally along the guide rail in the staggered conveying mechanism to the empty compartment. At the same time, the fully charged battery pack on another scissor arm bracket fixedly connected to it is transferred to the RGV trolley to replace the battery pack for the electric heavy truck.

[0017] S5. The palletizer in the stacker module takes away the low-power battery pack and transfers it to the charger for charging, and transfers the overheated battery pack to the battery fire water tank for emergency cooling;

[0018] S6. After the electric heavy truck completes battery replacement, the gate opens and the vehicle drives out of the parking platform.

[0019] Furthermore, during the movement of the multi-station and multi-angle RGV trolley in step S3, the rollers at the four corners of the RGV trolley are first clamped on the conveying frame through the scissor-fork lifting bracket in the lifting and transfer device, and then the storage table is lifted to the bottom of the battery pack through the power scissor-fork bracket in the RGV trolley, so that the unlocking mechanism on the storage table cooperates with the battery locking mechanism on the chassis of the electric heavy truck.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The battery swap station for chassis-battery-swap electric heavy trucks disclosed in the present invention changes the existing piggyback battery swap method, sets the battery of the electric heavy truck on the chassis, adopts the chassis battery swap method, and sets a battery swap robot (multi-station multi-angle RGV vehicle) to move to the bottom of the electric heavy truck to realize the removal and installation of the battery. On the one hand, it reduces the footprint of the battery swap station and makes the station easier to install. On the other hand, it not only improves the efficiency of battery swapping, but also improves the safety of battery swapping. In addition, during the movement of the battery swap robot, a bridge pad is set to realize the functional conversion of the parking platform. When the electric heavy truck enters the parking platform, the bridge pad plays a supporting role. During the battery swap process, the bridge pad moves to avoid and provide the battery swap robot with a battery swap space and a battery transportation space. It has strong applicability and good safety.

[0022] 2. In the battery swap station for chassis-swap electric heavy trucks disclosed in the present invention, the scissor fork lifting bracket in the lifting and transfer device of the multi-station and multi-angle RGV trolley can adjust the height of the roller on the second support plate so that it cooperates with the corresponding movable guide rail, and can drive the RGV trolley on the second support plate to move along the horizontal X direction to the bottom of the electric heavy truck to be replaced to exchange the battery pack. The entire control process is easy and consumes less energy. After the RGV trolley is adjusted to the specified height, the first support plate and the bottom plate under the scissor fork lifting bracket can be folded up through the scissor fork lifting bracket to reduce the overall structure height.

[0023] 3. The battery swap station for chassis-swappable electric heavy trucks disclosed in the present invention has a rotating mechanism on the second support plate in the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley that rotates the storage platform to meet the battery swap requirements of electric heavy trucks at different parking angles. The storage platform on the third support plate is used to support the battery swap battery pack, and multiple battery swap battery packs can be transferred at the same time, solving the problem that the existing battery swap trolleys have poor flexibility and can only replace one battery pack at a time, resulting in low work efficiency.

[0024] 4. In the battery swap station for chassis-swap electric heavy trucks disclosed in the present invention, the sum of the lengths of the scissor arm brackets is less than the length of the guide rails, each set of scissor arm brackets is one station length, and the guide rails are at least one station length longer than the scissor arm brackets. This makes it easy for the scissor arm brackets to transport multiple battery packs at the same time, and also makes it easy for the RGV trolley to quickly place low-charge battery packs and take fully-charged battery packs. At the same time, the staggered conveying mechanism and the scissor arm brackets are located at the bottom of the cache battery rack, without occupying additional space, and fully utilizing the positions in the battery storage rack. This solves the problems of existing cache battery storage racks occupying a large space during use, not fully utilizing the positions in the battery storage rack, having a long stroke, low transmission efficiency, and a long interaction time between low and fully charged, thereby increasing the cycle time of the entire station.

[0025] Other advantages, objectives and features of the present invention will be described in the following description to some extent, and to some extent, will be obvious to those skilled in the art based on the following examination and study, or can be taught from the practice of the present invention. The objectives and other advantages of the present invention can be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a battery swapping station for a chassis battery swapping electric heavy truck according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A top view of

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the battery swap station without the electric heavy truck;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A top view of

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-directional RGV conveying system for medium-sized battery swap stations;

[0032] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Structural diagram of the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-lift transfer device;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 6Schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley for removing the sheet metal shell;

[0035] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Side view of

[0036] Fig.10 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the mid-front wheel pitch-changing positioning device;

[0037] Fig.11 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the middle cache battery rack;

[0038] Fig.12 for Fig.11 The structural diagram of the staggered conveying mechanism;

[0039] Fig.13 for Fig.11 Schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack gripper.

[0040] Figure numerals: bottom plate 11, first support plate 12, second support plate 13, scissor fork lifting bracket 14, screw 15, wedge block 16, screw nut 17, roller 21, rotating mechanism 22, third support plate 23, power scissor fork bracket 24, storage table 25, sheet metal shell 26, conveying frame 31, bridge pad 32, movable guide rail 33, multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34, front wheel positioning plate 41, L-shaped bracket 42, wedge block 43, chain conveyor 44, fifth drive motor 45, sliding block 46, cache battery rack 5, battery pack clamp 51, baffle 52, L-shaped clamp 53, staggered conveying mechanism 6, scissor arm bracket 61, electric heavy truck 7, parking platform 8, battery swap station warehouse 9, stacker module 10, charger 111, battery fire water tank 112, water cooling module 113, battery pack 114. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0042] Among them, the drawings are only used for illustrative explanations, and they only represent schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limitations on the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0043] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc. indicate the orientation or position relationship, they are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms describing the position relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0044] The electric heavy trucks in the prior art mainly use a lifting battery replacement method to replace the battery. With the popularization of electric heavy trucks, the disadvantages of the lifting battery replacement method are becoming more and more obvious. On the one hand, the lifting battery replacement station occupies a large area and is inconvenient to build a station. On the other hand, the lifting battery replacement method is inefficient and has safety hazards. Therefore, combined with the battery replacement method of small and medium-sized vehicles in the prior art, a battery replacement method similar to the chassis battery replacement of small cars is proposed; the existing small car battery replacement platform generally needs to position the vehicle first so that the position of the battery on the vehicle can accurately correspond to the position of the unlocking mechanism, and then lift the vehicle to reserve a transportation channel for the battery replacement robot to enter the bottom of the vehicle, but the positioning and lifting methods for electric heavy trucks are not feasible, because the weight of the electric heavy truck is 10 to 20 times that of the car. Once the electric heavy truck enters the parking platform, it is difficult to push the electric heavy truck and move it. Positioning, it is even more impossible to lift the electric heavy truck to avoid the running channel of the battery replacement robot. Therefore, if you want to achieve chassis battery replacement for electric heavy trucks, you need to overcome the problems of difficult positioning and inability to lift.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 13The battery swap station for chassis-swapped electric heavy trucks shown in the figure has a battery of the electric heavy truck 7 arranged on the chassis, and adopts the chassis-swapped battery method. The entire battery swap station includes a battery swap station body 9 and a parking platform 8 arranged in parallel with the battery swap station body 9. The parking platform 8 is used for the parking of electric heavy trucks. A battery swap area for the RGV battery swap robot is provided below the middle of the parking platform 8. The battery swap area is below the parking platform 8 and is located below the ground. The RGV conveying system is arranged in the battery swap area. The battery swap robot in the RGV conveying system moves in the horizontal X direction below the ground to realize the removal and installation of the battery on the chassis of the electric heavy truck, which reduces the floor space of the battery swap station, makes the battery swap station easier to install, and also improves the battery swap efficiency and safety.

[0046] The RGV conveying system includes a conveying frame 31 adapted to the battery exchange area, a bridge pad 32 and a multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34. The conveying frame 31 is fixedly installed with two sets of upper and lower parallel moving guide rails 33 along the length direction. Moving blocks adapted to the corresponding upper moving guide rails 33 and a fourth power assembly driving the moving blocks to move along the length direction of the conveying frame are fixedly installed on both sides of the lower surface of the bridge pad 32. The fourth power assembly includes a fourth motor and a fourth reducer. The output end of the fourth motor is connected to the input end of the fourth reducer, and the output end of the fourth reducer is connected to the moving block; the bridge pad 32 is driven by the fourth motor to move along the length direction of the conveying frame 31.

[0047] The conveying frame 31 is provided with two movable guide rails 33 in parallel along the length direction. The upper movable guide rail 33 facilitates the sliding of the bridge pad 32. When the bridge pad 32 slides to above the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34, the entire parking platform 8 is present as a whole, which is convenient for the electric heavy truck to pass through; after the electric heavy truck passes, the bridge pad 32 slides to one side so that the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34 is exposed to disassemble and assemble the battery pack 114 of the electric heavy truck.

[0048] The multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley is adapted to the corresponding lower movable guide rail 33, and the rollers 21 at the four corners of the second support plate 13 slide on the corresponding lower movable guide rail 33, so that the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34 moves along the horizontal X direction.

[0049] After the electric heavy truck enters the parking platform 8 of the battery swap station, it can move to the bottom of the electric heavy truck without the need for a car lift robot. In order to facilitate the electric heavy truck to park smoothly on the parking platform 8, the parking platform 8 is provided with a bridge pad 31 that can avoid movement. After the electric heavy truck parks on the parking platform 8, the bridge pad 31 is pushed out, and the RGV battery swap robot (multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34) moves to the bottom of the bridge pad 31 to expose and swap the battery on the chassis of the electric heavy truck. The setting of the bridge pad 31 realizes the conversion of the parking platform 8 function. When the electric heavy truck enters the parking platform 8, the bridge pad 31 plays a supporting role.

[0050] like Figures 5 to 9 The multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34 shown includes a lifting and transferring device and an RGV trolley installed on the lifting and transferring device, the lifting and transferring device includes a base plate 11, a first support plate 12 moving along the Y direction of the base plate 11, a second support plate 13 and two sets of scissor fork lifting brackets 14 installed between the first support plate 12 and the second support plate 13; first slide rails are fixedly installed on both sides of the upper surface of the base plate 11, the first slide rails on both sides of the upper surface of the base plate 11 extend along the horizontal Y direction and are parallel to each other, and first sliders compatible with the corresponding first slide rails and a first power assembly that drives the first slider to move are fixedly installed on both sides of the lower surface of the first support plate 12.

[0051] The first power assembly includes a first motor and a first reducer, the output end of the first motor is connected to the input end of the first reducer, and the output end of the first reducer is connected to the first slider; first U-shaped slots are fixedly installed on both sides of the upper surface of the first support plate 12 and the lower surface of the second support plate 13, and the four corners of the centrally hinged scissors fork lifting bracket 14 are hinged on the corresponding first U-shaped slots, and a second slider is fixedly installed on one side of the first U-shaped slot, and a second slide rail used in conjunction with the second slider is fixedly installed on the corresponding upper surface of the first support plate 12 and the lower surface of the second support plate 13, and a second power assembly is fixedly installed at the center position of the upper surface of the first support plate 12, and the second power assembly can drive the scissors fork lifting bracket 14 to close or open so that the scissors fork lifting bracket 14 drives the RGV trolley on the second support plate 13 to rise or fall.

[0052] The specific second power assembly includes a second motor and a steering reducer. The second motor is connected to a screw rod 15 through the steering reducer. The screw rod 15 is connected to a wedge block 16 through a screw rod 15 nut. The hinge shaft of the scissor fork lifting bracket 14 is connected to a roller 21. The roller 21 is rollingly connected to the inclined upper surface of the wedge block 16. When the second motor rotates, it drives the screw rod 15 to rotate. After the screw rod 15 rotates, it drives the screw rod nut 17 and the wedge block 16 to translate synchronously. When the wedge block 16 translates, its inclined surface guide roller 21 climbs or descends. When the roller 21 climbs, the top height of the scissor fork lifting bracket 14 increases. When the roller 21 descends, the top height of the scissor fork lifting bracket 14 decreases.

[0053] The RGV trolley includes rollers 21 rotatably mounted at the four corners of the second support plate 13, a rotating mechanism 22 mounted on the upper surface of the second support plate 13, a third support plate 23 mounted on the rotating mechanism 22, a plurality of groups of power scissor fork brackets 24 mounted on the third support plate 23, and a storage table 25 correspondingly mounted on each power scissor fork bracket 24. The storage table 25 is used to support the battery pack 114 for battery replacement. The RGV trolley can simultaneously support multiple groups of power scissor fork brackets 24 and storage tables 25, and simultaneously transfer multiple battery packs for battery replacement. The storage table 25 and the corresponding power scissor fork bracket 24 are covered with a sheet metal shell 26, which protects the storage table 25 and the corresponding power scissor fork bracket 24.

[0054] The rotating mechanism 22 is used to rotate the storage platform 25 to meet the battery replacement requirements of electric heavy trucks at different parking angles. The rotating mechanism 22 includes a gear ring fixedly connected to the third support plate 23 and a rotating drive fixedly connected to the gear ring shaft. The rotating drive is fixed to the second support plate 13, and a scale is fixedly installed on the gear ring. The rotation angle of the battery pack on the third support plate 23 can be adjusted through the gear ring.

[0055] Second U-shaped slots are fixedly installed on both sides of the upper surface of the third support plate 23 and the lower surface of the storage table 25. Second U-shaped slots are fixedly installed on both sides of the upper surface of the third support plate 23 and the lower surface of the storage table 25. The four corners of the centrally hinged power scissor fork bracket 24 are hinged on the corresponding second U-shaped slots, and a third slider is fixedly installed on the second U-shaped slot on one side. The corresponding third support plate 23 upper surface and the storage table 25 lower surface are fixedly installed with a third slide rail used in conjunction with the third slider. The third power assembly corresponding to the storage table 25 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the third support plate 23. The third power assembly can drive the power scissor fork bracket 24 to close or open so that the power scissor fork bracket 24 drives the battery replacement battery pack on the storage table 25 to rise or fall, so as to replace the battery pack of the electric heavy truck. The specific third power assembly includes a third motor and a third reducer. The output end of the third motor is connected to the input end of the third reducer. The output end of the third reducer is connected to the second U-shaped slot on the left. The third motor can drive the second U-shaped slot to move in a straight line along the corresponding third slide rail through the third reducer, so that the power scissor fork bracket 24 drives the storage table 25 to rise or fall. The battery pack on the storage table 25 is transported to a specified height position under the coordinated action of the power scissor fork bracket 24 and the third power assembly.

[0056] An unlocking mechanism is provided on the storage table 25, and the unlocking mechanism is used in conjunction with the battery locking mechanism on the electric heavy truck chassis. After the transfer mechanism adjusts the position of the storage table 25 relative to the battery, it can cooperate with the locking mechanism to realize the removal and installation of the battery. Specifically, a matching unlocking mechanism is provided according to the form of the locking mechanism.

[0057] like Fig.10 As shown, a front wheel pitch changing positioning device is also provided on the parking platform 8 of the battery swap station. By adjusting the position of the front wheel pitch changing positioning device, the electric heavy trucks with different front and rear wheel distances can be satisfied.

[0058] The front wheel pitch changing positioning device includes two parallel front wheel positioning plates 41 and a driving device fixedly installed on both sides of the front wheel positioning plates 41. The front wheel positioning plates 41 can be driven by the driving device to move along the length direction of the parking platform 8, thereby meeting the wheelbase requirements of different vehicles. The front wheel positioning plates 41 have the same width, and both sides are integrally formed with ramp blocks, which are convenient for limiting the position of the wheels after the wheels stop on the parking platform 8. Anti-skid pads are also fixedly installed on the front wheel positioning plates 41 to further limit and prevent the wheels from slipping.

[0059] The driving device includes an L-shaped bracket 42 fixedly mounted on both sides of the parking platform 8, a wedge block 43 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of both ends of the L-shaped bracket 42, a fifth drive motor 45 and a fifth reducer are fixedly mounted on the inner side of the L-shaped bracket 42 between the wedge blocks 43, the output end of the fifth drive motor 45 is connected to the input end of the fifth reducer, a chain conveyor 44 is mounted on the outer side of the L-shaped bracket 42, wherein a rotating shaft of the chain conveyor 44 is fixedly connected to the output end of the fifth reducer, a sliding block 46 is fixedly mounted on the chain conveyor 44, and the sliding block 46 is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding two front wheel positioning plates 41, and the chain conveyor 44 can be driven by the fifth drive motor 45 to drive the front wheel positioning plate 41 to move along the parking platform 8 as a whole. After the electric heavy truck to be replaced is parked on the parking platform 8 next to the battery replacement station, the fifth drive motor 45 is started to drive the chain conveyor 44 to drive the front wheel positioning plate 41 to move along the parking platform 8 as a whole, and the front wheel positioning plate 41 is limited by the front wheel positioning plate 41.

[0060] like Figures 11 to 13 The shown battery swap station warehouse 9 is provided with a cache battery rack 5 for placing battery packs side by side, a stacker module for moving battery packs, a charger 111 for charging battery packs, a battery fire water tank 112 for storing damaged battery packs, and a water cooling module 113 for cooling the entire battery swap station warehouse 9; the cache battery rack 5 is arranged in parallel with the stacker module, and the stacker module is used to transfer the battery packs on the cache battery rack 5, and can also transfer the overheated battery packs to the battery fire water tank 112 for emergency cooling treatment. The battery fire water tank 112 and the cache battery rack 5 are in the same straight line, which is convenient for the transportation of the stacker module 10. The charger is arranged on one side of the stacker module 10 to facilitate the transportation of the stacker module 10 for charging, and the water cooling module 113 is placed outside the stacker module 10 to cool the battery packs in the warehouse 9 of the battery swap station.

[0061] The cache battery rack 5 is arranged in the battery swap station body 9 of the battery swap station, and is parallel to the parking platform 8 of the battery swap station. It is used to replace the battery pack of the electric heavy truck to be replaced on the parking platform 8. The cache battery rack 5 is in the shape of a frame structure. The cache battery rack 5 of this embodiment is in the shape of three rows and four columns. A staggered conveying mechanism 6 is arranged at the bottom of the cache battery rack 5. The staggered conveying mechanism 6 includes parallel guide rails and two groups of scissor arm brackets 61 slidably arranged on the guide rails. Each group of scissor arm brackets 61 is one station length, and the guide rail is three stations length. The top of the scissor arm bracket 61 is fixedly connected with a The upper support frame supporting the battery replacement battery pack is fixedly connected to the lower support frame at the bottom, and a plurality of moving blocks are fixedly installed at the bottom of the lower support frame. The moving blocks are connected to the sixth power assembly, and the scissor arm bracket 61 on the moving block is driven by the sixth power assembly to move laterally along the guide rail. The sixth power assembly includes a sixth motor and a sixth reducer. The output end of the sixth motor is connected to the input end of the sixth reducer, and the output end of the sixth reducer is connected to a gear. A rack meshing with the gear is installed on the guide rail, and the meshing relationship between the gear and the rack is used to realize that the motor drives the moving block to move along the guide rail.

[0062] The scissor arm bracket 61 is composed of two support rods with tops hinged to each other. The tops of the support rods are hinged to each other and fixedly connected to the upper support frame. U-shaped slots are fixedly installed on both sides of the lower support frame. The lower ends of the support rods are hinged to the corresponding U-shaped slots, and a slider is fixedly installed on one side of the U-shaped slot. A slide rail used in conjunction with the slider is fixedly installed on the corresponding lower support frame. The lower support frame is fixedly installed with a seventh power assembly, which can drive the scissor arm bracket 61 to close or open so that the scissor arm bracket 61 drives the battery replacement battery pack on the upper support frame to rise or fall, and transport the disassembled low-power battery pack to the designated position of the cache battery rack 5 for storage, or remove the fully charged battery pack on the cache battery rack 5 and transfer it to the RGV cart to replace the battery pack of the electric heavy truck.

[0063] The specific seventh power assembly includes a seventh motor and a seventh reducer. The output end of the seventh motor is connected to the input end of the seventh reducer. The output end of the seventh reducer is connected to the U-shaped slot on the left. The seventh motor can drive the U-shaped slot to move straight along the corresponding slide rail through the seventh reducer, so that the scissor arm bracket 61 drives the battery replacement battery pack on the upper support frame to rise or fall. The battery replacement battery pack on the upper support frame is transported to a specified height position under the coordinated action of the scissor arm bracket 61 and the seventh power assembly.

[0064] Multiple battery packs can be supported and placed on the upper support frame corresponding to each set of scissor arm brackets 61 at the same time, which is used to transfer multiple battery packs for battery replacement at the same time. In this embodiment, three battery packs are supported and placed on the upper support frame corresponding to each set of scissor arm brackets 61 at the same time, and two sets of scissor arm brackets 61 are connected as a whole to transfer six battery packs at the same time. Each set of scissor arm brackets 61 is an independently working workstation. The lateral movement of the two sets of scissor arm brackets 61 along the guide rail can realize the alternating work of two independent workstations, the staggered transportation of the practice battery packs, and also improve work efficiency.

[0065] A battery pack clamp 51 is fixedly installed on the frame of each battery pack storage station on the cache battery rack 5. The battery pack clamp 51 includes a baffle 52 fixedly installed longitudinally on the cache battery rack 5, movable rails fixedly installed on both sides of the baffle 52, and an L-shaped clamp 53 slidably connected to the movable rail. An eighth power assembly for driving the L-shaped clamp 53 to move up and down is fixedly installed on the baffle 52. The eighth power assembly can drive the L-shaped clamp 53 to move up and down so that the L-shaped clamp 53 can press the battery pack. The specific eighth power assembly includes an eighth motor and an eighth reducer. The output end of the eighth motor is connected to the input end of the eighth reducer, and the output end of the eighth reducer is connected to the L-shaped clamp 53. The eighth motor can drive the L-shaped clamp 53 to move linearly along the corresponding movable rail through the eighth reducer, thereby causing the movable rail to rise or fall to hold the cache battery rack 5 tightly.

[0066] The method for replacing power at a battery replacement station for a chassis-replacement electric heavy truck comprises the following steps:

[0067] S1. Before an electric heavy truck enters a battery swap station, the gate identifies the vehicle information, retrieves the vehicle battery information through the cloud platform, and determines that the vehicle model and related information match. If the vehicle matches the battery swap station, the gate opens to allow the vehicle to enter; if the vehicle does not match the battery swap station, the gate closes to prevent the vehicle from entering.

[0068] S2. The vehicle drives onto the parking platform 8 of the battery swap station, and the front wheels of the electric heavy truck are limited by the front wheel positioning plate 41 in the front wheel pitch changing positioning device, and the position of the electric heavy truck is adjusted so that its battery pack is located directly above the moving track 33;

[0069] S3, the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34 starts to work, and the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34 moves from the side of the parking platform 8 to the parking platform 8. During the movement, the bridge pad 32 on the parking platform 8 opens, and the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34 stops at the bottom of the electric heavy truck, and the precise position of the battery pack is located by the detection mechanism. In this process, the rollers at the four corners of the RGV trolley are first lifted and clamped on the conveying frame 31 by the scissor fork lifting bracket 14 in the lifting and transfer device, and then the storage platform 25 is lifted and lowered to the bottom of the battery pack for battery replacement by the power scissor fork bracket 24 in the RGV trolley, so that the unlocking mechanism on the storage platform 25 cooperates with the battery locking mechanism on the chassis of the electric heavy truck;

[0070] S4, the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34 drives the battery pack removed from the electric heavy truck to be removed from the parking platform 8, and at the same time, the bridge pad is reset. At this time, the bridge pad 32 is closed on the parking platform 8 to ensure the integrity of the parking platform 8 and prevent people from mistakenly entering the parking platform 8 during this process. The multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley 34 drives the battery to move to the staggered conveying mechanism in the battery swap station warehouse 9. A scissor arm bracket in the staggered conveying mechanism is used to place the disassembled low-power battery pack. The scissor arm bracket moves horizontally along the guide rail in the staggered conveying mechanism to the empty position. At the same time, the fully charged battery pack on another scissor arm bracket fixedly connected to it is transferred to the RGV trolley to replace the battery pack for the electric heavy truck.

[0071] S5. The palletizer in the stacker module takes away the low-power battery pack and transfers it to the charger for charging, and transfers the overheated battery pack to the battery fire water tank for emergency cooling;

[0072] S6. After the electric heavy truck completes battery replacement, the gate opens and the vehicle drives out of parking platform 8.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solution of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solution, which should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A battery swap station for chassis-swap electric heavy trucks, It is characterized in that It includes a battery swap station body and a parking platform arranged parallel to the battery swap station body. A battery swap area for installing the RGV conveying system is opened at the lower middle part of the parking platform. The RGV conveying system includes a conveying frame, a bridge pad and a multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley adapted to the battery swap area. The conveying frame is fixedly installed with two sets of upper and lower parallel movable guide rails along the length direction. The bridge pad is slidably connected to the corresponding upper movable guide rails, and the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley is slidably connected to the corresponding lower movable guide rails; a cache battery rack for placing battery packs side by side, a stacker module for moving battery packs, a charger for charging the battery packs, a battery fire water tank for storing damaged battery packs and a water cooling module for cooling the entire battery swap station body are arranged in the battery swap station body, and a staggered conveying mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the cache battery rack, which includes parallel guide rails and several sets of scissor arm brackets slidably arranged on the guide rails for placing battery packs, and the sum of the lengths of the scissor arm brackets is less than the length of the guide rails.

2. The battery replacement station for chassis-replacement electric heavy trucks according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley includes a lifting and transferring device and an RGV trolley installed on the lifting and transferring device, wherein the lifting and transferring device includes a bottom plate, a first supporting plate moving along the Y direction of the bottom plate, a second supporting plate, and two sets of scissor fork lifting brackets installed between the first supporting plate and the second supporting plate; The RGV trolley includes rollers rotatably installed at the four corners of the second support plate, a rotating mechanism installed on the upper surface of the second support plate, a third support plate installed on the rotating mechanism, several groups of power scissor fork brackets installed on the third support plate, and a storage table correspondingly installed on each power scissor fork bracket, and the storage table is used to support the battery pack for battery replacement.

3. The battery replacement station for chassis-replacement electric heavy trucks according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The rotating mechanism comprises a gear ring fixedly connected to the third supporting plate and a rotating drive fixedly connected to the gear ring rotating shaft, and the rotating drive is fixed on the second supporting plate.

4. The battery replacement station for chassis-replacement electric heavy trucks according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A front wheel pitch changing positioning device is also provided on the parking platform of the battery swap station, and the front wheel pitch changing positioning device includes a plurality of front wheel positioning plates arranged in parallel and a driving device fixedly installed on both sides of the front wheel positioning plates, and the driving device includes an L-shaped bracket fixedly installed on both sides of the parking platform, a fifth driving motor and a fifth reducer are fixedly installed on the inner sides of both ends of the L-shaped bracket, and a chain conveyor is installed on the outer side of the L-shaped bracket, wherein a rotating shaft of the chain conveyor is fixedly connected to the fifth reducer, and a sliding block is fixedly mounted on the chain conveyor, and the sliding block is fixedly connected to one end of the corresponding two front wheel positioning plates. The driving motor can drive the chain conveyor to drive the front wheel positioning plate to move along the parking platform as a whole.

5. The battery swap station for chassis-swap electric heavy trucks according to claim 1, It is characterized in that An upper support frame for supporting the battery replacement battery pack is fixedly connected to the top of each set of scissor arm brackets, and a lower support frame is fixedly connected to the bottom. A number of moving blocks for use with guide rails are fixedly installed on the bottom of the lower support frame, and a sixth power assembly is connected to the moving blocks. The scissor arm brackets on the moving blocks are driven by the sixth power assembly to move laterally along the guide rails. Multiple battery packs are placed on the upper support frame corresponding to each set of scissor arm brackets, and battery pack clamps for clamping the battery packs are fixedly installed on the frame at each battery pack storage station on the cache battery rack.

6. The battery replacement station for chassis-replacement electric heavy trucks as claimed in claim 5, It is characterized in that The battery pack clamp includes a baffle fixedly installed longitudinally on the cache battery rack, movable rails fixedly installed on both sides of the baffle, and an L-shaped clamp slidably connected to the movable rails. An eighth power component for driving the L-shaped clamp to move up and down is fixedly installed on the baffle.

7. A battery replacement method for a chassis battery replacement electric heavy truck battery replacement station, It is characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Before the electric heavy truck enters the battery swap station, the gate recognizes the vehicle information, retrieves the vehicle battery information through the cloud platform, and opens after determining that the vehicle model and related information match; S2. The vehicle drives onto the parking platform of the battery swap station, and the front wheels of the electric heavy truck are limited by the front wheel positioning plate in the front wheel pitch change positioning device; S3, the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley starts to work. The multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley moves from the side of the parking platform to the parking platform. During the movement, the bridge pad on the parking platform opens, and the multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley stops at the bottom of the electric heavy truck and is positioned at the precise position of the battery pack through the detection mechanism; S4. The multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley drives the battery pack removed from the electric heavy truck to be removed from the parking platform. At the same time, the bridge pad is reset. At this time, the bridge pad is closed on the parking platform to ensure the integrity of the parking platform and prevent people from mistakenly entering the parking platform during this process. The multi-station multi-angle RGV trolley drives the battery to move to the staggered conveying mechanism in the battery swap station compartment. A scissor arm bracket in the staggered conveying mechanism is used to place the disassembled low-power battery pack. The scissor arm bracket moves horizontally along the guide rail in the staggered conveying mechanism to the empty compartment. At the same time, the fully charged battery pack on another scissor arm bracket fixedly connected to it is transferred to the RGV trolley to replace the battery pack for the electric heavy truck. S5. The palletizer in the stacker module takes away the low-power battery pack and transfers it to the charger for charging, and transfers the overheated battery pack to the battery fire water tank for emergency cooling; S6. After the electric heavy truck completes battery replacement, the gate opens and the vehicle drives out of the parking platform.

8. The battery replacement method for a chassis battery replacement electric heavy truck battery replacement station as claimed in claim 7, It is characterized in that During the movement of the multi-station and multi-angle RGV trolley in step S3, the RGV trolley is first lifted by the scissor-fork lifting bracket in the lifting and transfer device, and then the storage table is lifted to the bottom of the battery replacement battery pack by the power scissor-fork bracket in the RGV trolley, so that the unlocking mechanism on the storage table cooperates with the battery locking mechanism on the electric heavy truck chassis.

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