Control method of compressed air energy storage system and compressed air energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a control method of a compressed air energy storage system and the compressed air energy storage system.The compressed air energy storage system comprises a compression system, an air storage system, a turbine system and a temperature control system, the temperature control system comprises a compression control system and a monitoring system, and the control method comprises the steps that the monitoring system detects and collects the environment temperature; the compression control system controls the inflation flow of the compression system according to the environment temperature, the inflation flow of the compression system is qc, the environment temperature is T0, the inflation mass of the gas storage system is Mc, and Mc meets the conditions that # imgabs0 # pmax is the upper inflation pressure limit of the gas storage system, T is the temperature of the gas storage system after inflation is finished, and pmin is the lower pressure limit of the gas storage system after a turbine of the gas storage system under the rated working condition is finished. According to the control method of the compressed air energy storage system, it can be guaranteed that the cut-off change of air in the air storage system is equal to or close to the designed working condition in the operation process of the air storage system, and the influence of environment condition change on the output condition is weakened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of compressed air energy storage systems, and more specifically, to a control method for a compressed air energy storage system and a compressed air energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] Among the related technologies, compressed air energy storage system has attracted widespread attention as an energy storage technology with large-scale applications. During the operation of the compressed air energy storage system, environmental factors have a significant impact on the temperature change of the compressed air energy storage system, thereby affecting the pressure change in the gas storage system of the compressed air energy storage system, causing the cyclic operation conditions of the compressed air energy storage system to fluctuate. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present invention is to provide a control method for a compressed air energy storage system, which can ensure that the air cutoff change in the gas storage system during the gas storage process is equal to or close to the design working condition, and weaken the impact of environmental conditions on the output.

[0004] Another object of the present invention is to provide a compressed air energy storage system having the control method of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a control method for a compressed air energy storage system comprises: the compressed air energy storage system comprises a compression system, an air storage system, a turbine system and a temperature control system, the compression system is connected to the air storage system, the air storage system is connected to the turbine system, the temperature control system comprises a compression control system and a monitoring system, the control method comprises: the monitoring system detects and collects the ambient temperature; the compression control system controls the inflation flow of the compression system according to the ambient temperature, the inflation flow of the compression system is q c , the ambient temperature is T0, the gas mass of the gas storage system is M c , M c satisfy: Among them, t c is the inflation time, p max is the upper limit of the gas storage system inflation pressure, V is the volume of the gas storage system, R g is the air gas constant, T is the temperature of the gas storage system after the gas is filled, and p min It is the lower limit of the pressure after the turbine of the gas storage system ends under rated operating conditions.

[0006] According to the control method of the compressed air energy storage system of the embodiment of the present invention, the ambient temperature is detected and collected by the monitoring system; the compression control system controls the inflation flow of the compression system according to the ambient temperature, and the inflation flow of the compression system is qc , the ambient temperature is T0, and the gas mass of the gas storage system is M c , M c satisfy: When the ambient temperature changes, the inflation flow of the compression system can be automatically adjusted to control the air intake into the gas storage system, ensuring that the air cutoff changes in the gas storage system during operation are equal to or close to the design operating conditions, thereby achieving efficient and stable operation of the compressed air energy storage system, and ensuring the circulation conditions of the compressed air energy storage system, reducing the impact of changes in environmental factors on the various components of the compressed air energy storage system, and helping to weaken the impact of changes in environmental conditions on the output of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0007] In addition, the control method of the compressed air energy storage system according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the control method of the compressed air energy storage system, the temperature control system includes a turbine control system, and the control method includes: the turbine control system controls the air flow of the turbine system according to the rated power generation of the turbine system, and the air flow of the turbine system is q e , the rated power generation of the turbine system is P E , P E satisfy: Where m is the turbine stage, k is the air adiabatic index, T in,e,i is the air inlet temperature of the i-th stage turbine, η a,e,i is the equal entropy efficiency of the i-th level transmission, η g,e,i is the mechanical efficiency of the i-th stage turbine, TR i is the expansion ratio of the i-th stage turbine.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature control system includes a turbine control system, the compressed air energy storage system includes a heat storage system and a heat exchange system, the heat exchange system includes a compression-end heat exchanger and a turbine-end heat exchanger, the compression-end heat exchanger and the turbine-end heat exchanger exchange heat with each other through the heat storage system, the compression-end heat exchanger exchanges heat with the air flowing out of the compression system, and the turbine-end heat exchanger exchanges heat with the air entering the turbine system, and the control method also includes: the turbine control system controls the air flow rate of the turbine system according to the ambient temperature.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the total heat recovered by the heat exchange system and the compression system is H c , H c satisfy: Among them, H HT,Loss is the total heat loss in the heat storage system and the heat exchange system, T HX,in,iis the air inlet temperature of the i-th stage heat exchanger at the turbine end, T in,e,i is the air inlet temperature of the i-th stage turbine, c p air is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, t e is the time for the turbine system to generate electricity, q e is the air flow rate of the turbine system.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature control system includes an air storage control system, and the control method includes: the air storage control system controls the air discharge flow rate of the air storage system according to the power generation power of the turbine system and the heat exchange capacity of the turbine end heat exchanger; the air storage control system controls the air quality after the turbine of the air storage system is terminated according to the ambient temperature.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the gas storage control system controls the air quality after the gas storage system turbine is terminated according to the ambient temperature, including: when the ambient temperature is higher than the rated temperature, reducing the air discharge flow of the gas storage system; when the ambient temperature is lower than the rated temperature, depressurizing the gas storage system.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pressure of the gas storage system after low-pressure gas storage is p, the time of low-pressure gas storage in the gas storage system is t, and the relationship between the pressure of the gas storage system after low-pressure gas storage and the time of low-pressure gas storage in the gas storage system is:

[0014]

[0015] The temperature of the gas storage system after low-pressure gas storage is T, and the relationship between the temperature of the gas storage system after low-pressure gas storage and the time of low-pressure gas storage in the gas storage system is:

[0016]

[0017] Among them, h c is the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the gas storage system during the gas storage stage, A is the heat transfer surface area of ​​the gas storage system, Tr w is the wall temperature of the gas storage system, c v is the specific heat of air at constant pressure.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the air mass after the turbine of the gas storage system is M s,L , M s,L satisfy: Among them, p min-1 R is the pressure of the gas storage system after the turbine is finished under actual working conditions. g is the air gas constant, T e is the temperature of the gas storage system after the turbine of the gas storage system ends, and V is the volume of the gas storage system.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when M s,L When the air quality is greater than the air quality after the turbine of the gas storage system is terminated under the rated operating condition, the pressure relief air quality is ΔM, and ΔM satisfies: The pressure of the gas storage system after low-pressure gas storage is p end , p end Satisfaction: P end =(M s,L -ΔM)R g T / V, where p min is the lower limit of the pressure after the turbine of the gas storage system ends under rated operating conditions, T0 is the ambient temperature, and T is the temperature after the gas storage system is filled with gas.

[0020] According to the compressed air energy storage system of the embodiment of the present invention, the compressed air energy storage system operates according to the control method of the compressed air energy storage system of the embodiment of the present invention, and the compressed air energy storage system includes: a compression system; an air storage system, the air storage system is connected to the compression system; a turbine system, the turbine system is connected to the air storage system; a temperature control system, the temperature control system includes a compression control system and a monitoring system, the monitoring system is used to monitor the ambient temperature, and the compression control system is used to control the inflation flow of the compression system.

[0021] According to the compressed air energy storage system of the embodiment of the present invention, the ambient temperature is detected and collected by the monitoring system; the compression control system controls the inflation flow of the compression system according to the ambient temperature, and the inflation flow of the compression system is q c , the ambient temperature is T0, and the gas mass of the gas storage system is M c , M c satisfy: When the ambient temperature changes, the inflation flow of the compression system can be automatically adjusted to control the air intake into the gas storage system, ensuring that the air cutoff changes in the gas storage system during operation are equal to or close to the design operating conditions, thereby achieving efficient and stable operation of the compressed air energy storage system, and ensuring the circulation conditions of the compressed air energy storage system, reducing the impact of changes in environmental factors on the various components of the compressed air energy storage system, and helping to weaken the impact of changes in environmental conditions on the output of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0022] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be given in part in the following description and in part will be obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of a compressed air energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 100. Compressed air energy storage system;

[0027] 10. Compression system; 11. Electric motor; 12. Compressor;

[0028] 20. Gas storage system;

[0029] 30. Turbine system; 31. Turbine machine; 32. Generator;

[0030] 40. Heat storage system; 41. High temperature tank; 42. Low temperature tank;

[0031] 50. Heat exchange system; 51. Compression end heat exchanger; 52. Turbine end heat exchanger. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0034] In the description of the present invention, "first feature" and "second feature" may include one or more such features, "plurality" means two or more, a first feature "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being directly in contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them, and a first feature "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may include the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature.

[0035] The following describes a control method for a compressed air energy storage system 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] Reference Figure 1 As shown, the compressed air energy storage system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention is operated by the control method of the compressed air energy storage system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The compressed air energy storage system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention may include a compression system 10, an air storage system 20 and a turbine system 30.

[0037] Specifically, the gas storage system 20 is connected to the compression system 10, and the turbine system 30 is connected to the gas storage system 20. The compression system 10 can compress the air to perform work, convert the electrical energy into potential energy, and store it in the gas storage system 20 to achieve electrical energy storage; when power generation is required, the high-pressure air stored in the gas storage system 20 is used by the turbine system 30 to perform turbine work to achieve power generation. At the same time, the compression system 10 can directly extract air from the environment to perform compression work, with low production costs, and can meet low-carbon and environmental protection requirements. For example, the gas storage system 20 is a gas storage located on the ground.

[0038] In addition, the compressed air energy storage system 100 also includes a temperature control system, which includes a compression control system and a monitoring system. The monitoring system can monitor the ambient temperature to meet the required monitoring requirements and facilitate subsequent use needs, and the compression control system can control the inflation flow of the compression system 10 to achieve the control requirements of the compression system 10 and meet the working requirements of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0039] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the compression system 10 includes a multi-stage compressor 12, through which sufficient compression of air can be achieved, making the compression more reliable and facilitating energy storage.

[0040] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the compressed air energy storage system 100 includes an electric motor 11, which is connected to a compressor 12. The electric motor 11 can drive the compressor 12 to work, so that the compressor 12 can compress the air to meet the required compression requirements.

[0041] In some embodiments, the gas storage system 20 includes a gas storage facility, which includes multiple (greater than or equal to two) gas storage tanks. The multiple gas storage tanks are connected in parallel to facilitate the storage of compressed air, thereby meeting storage capacity requirements.

[0042] In some embodiments, the turbine system 30 includes a multi-stage turbine 31, which can ensure the power generation reliability of the compressed air energy storage system 100, thereby facilitating the improvement of power generation.

[0043] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the compressed air energy storage system 100 includes a generator 32, which is connected to a turbine 31. The generator 32 can be driven by the turbine 31 to generate electrical energy to meet the required power generation demand, and the exhaust gas can flow out through the turbine 31 to meet the air exhaust demand.

[0044] In the related art, during the operation of the compressed air energy storage system, environmental factors have a significant impact on the temperature change of the compressed air energy storage system, thereby affecting the pressure change in the gas storage system, causing the cyclic operation conditions of the compressed air energy storage system to fluctuate. For example, the initial temperature of the gas storage system when it is inflated is close to the ambient temperature. During the inflation process, the temperature of the gas storage system will rise, making the final temperature of the gas storage system different from the rated operating conditions, resulting in a gap between the quality of the air filled into the gas storage system and the rated operating conditions, affecting the operational stability of the compressed air energy storage system.

[0045] Therefore, in the present invention, the control method includes:

[0046] The monitoring system detects and collects the ambient temperature;

[0047] The compression control system controls the inflation flow of the compression system 10 according to the ambient temperature. Therefore, when the ambient temperature changes, the compression control system can automatically adjust the inflation flow of the compression system 10, thereby controlling the air intake into the gas storage system 20 to meet the required pressure requirements. For example, under extremely high temperature conditions, the upper limit of the operating pressure of the gas storage system 20 can be increased in a small range and does not exceed the maximum safe operating pressure of the gas storage system 20, thereby ensuring that the air cutoff change in the gas storage system 20 during the operation of the gas storage system 20 is equal to or close to the design operating conditions, thereby realizing efficient and stable operation of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0048] At the same time, it can improve the operating stability of the compressed air energy storage system, optimize the performance of the compressed air energy storage system 100, ensure the circulation condition of the compressed air energy storage system 100, reduce the impact of changes in environmental factors on the various components of the compressed air energy storage system 100, and help weaken the impact of changes in environmental conditions on the output of the compressed air energy storage system 100, facilitate the compressed air energy storage system 100 to participate in the power grid system, and enhance the operating value of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0049] In addition, the charge flow rate of the compression system 10 is q c , the ambient temperature is T0, the gas mass of the gas storage system 20 is M c , M c satisfy: Among them, t c is the inflation time, p max is the upper limit of the filling pressure of the gas storage system 20, V is the volume of the gas storage system 20, Rg is the air gas constant, T is the temperature of the gas storage system 20 after the filling is completed, and p min It is the lower limit of pressure after the turbine of the gas storage system 20 ends under rated operating conditions.

[0050] Therefore, according to the above formula, the relationship between the inflation flow of the compression system 10 and the upper limit of the inflation pressure of the gas storage system 20 can be reflected. In order to ensure that the air cutoff change in the gas storage system 20 during the operation of the gas storage system 20 is equal to or close to the design operating conditions, the inflation flow of the compression system 10 can be accurately calculated through the formula, thereby controlling the air intake volume entering the gas storage system 20 and ensuring the safety and stability of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0051] For example, when the ambient temperature is higher than the design rated operating conditions, the inflation flow rate of the compression system 10 is reduced and the inflation time is extended. The gas storage system 20 can fully exchange heat and effectively reduce the rate of increase of the temperature of the gas storage system 20, which is conducive to the gas storage system 20 being filled with more air, so that the quality of the air filled into the gas storage system 20 is equal to the quality of the air filled under the design operating conditions, thereby ensuring the working stability of the gas storage system 20; when the ambient temperature is lower than the design rated operating conditions, in order to ensure that the inflation flow rate of the compression system 10 is equal to the storage capacity in the gas storage system 20, under the same upper limit of the inflation pressure of the gas storage system 20, the inflation time is increased, so that the quality of the air filled into the gas storage system 20 is equal to the quality of the air filled under the design operating conditions, thereby ensuring the working stability of the gas storage system 20.

[0052] In some embodiments, the monitoring system can detect and collect the inflation flow of the compression system 10 to facilitate determination of whether to adjust the inflation flow of the compression system 10 to meet the required detection and adjustment requirements.

[0053] In some embodiments, the monitoring system can detect and collect the temperature of the gas storage system 20 after the gas is filled, so as to determine whether to adjust other parameters to meet the required detection and adjustment requirements.

[0054] In some embodiments, the monitoring system can detect and collect the inflation time to facilitate determining whether to adjust the inflation time to meet the required detection and adjustment requirements.

[0055] In some embodiments, the maximum working pressure of the gas storage system 20 is not higher than the designed maximum pressure of the gas storage system 20, which can prevent the compressed air energy storage system 100 from rupture, leakage and other safety accidents due to overpressure, ensure the stable and reliable operation of the gas storage system 20, and help to extend the service life.

[0056] According to the control method of the compressed air energy storage system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the ambient temperature is detected and collected by the monitoring system; the compression control system controls the inflation flow of the compression system 10 according to the ambient temperature, and the inflation flow of the compression system 10 is q c , the ambient temperature is T0, the gas mass of the gas storage system 20 is M c , M c satisfy: When the ambient temperature changes, the inflation flow of the compression system 10 can be automatically adjusted, thereby controlling the amount of air entering the gas storage system 20, ensuring that the air cutoff change in the gas storage system 20 during the operation of the gas storage system 20 is equal to or close to the design operating conditions, thereby achieving efficient and stable operation of the compressed air energy storage system 100, and being able to ensure the circulation conditions of the compressed air energy storage system 100, reducing the impact of changes in environmental factors on the various components of the compressed air energy storage system 100, and helping to weaken the impact of changes in environmental conditions on the output of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0057] Since the control method of the compressed air energy storage system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention has the above-mentioned beneficial technical effects, the compressed air energy storage system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention detects and collects the ambient temperature through the monitoring system; the compression control system controls the inflation flow of the compression system 10 according to the ambient temperature, and the inflation flow of the compression system 10 is q c , the ambient temperature is T0, the gas mass of the gas storage system 20 is M c , M c satisfy: When the ambient temperature changes, the inflation flow of the compression system 10 can be automatically adjusted, thereby controlling the amount of air entering the gas storage system 20, ensuring that the air cutoff change in the gas storage system 20 during the operation of the gas storage system 20 is equal to or close to the design operating conditions, thereby achieving efficient and stable operation of the compressed air energy storage system 100, and being able to ensure the circulation conditions of the compressed air energy storage system 100, reducing the impact of changes in environmental factors on the various components of the compressed air energy storage system 100, and helping to weaken the impact of changes in environmental conditions on the output of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0058] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature control system includes a turbine control system, and the control method includes:

[0059] The turbine control system controls the air flow of the turbine system 30 according to the rated power generation of the turbine system 30, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the turbine system 30, realizing precise control of the power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100, and being able to control the air quality after the turbine of the air storage system 20 is terminated to be the same as the pressure of the rated operating conditions, ensuring the stability of the cycle operating conditions of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0060] In some embodiments, the monitoring system can detect and collect the air flow of the turbine system 30 to facilitate determination of whether to adjust the air flow of the turbine system 30 to meet the required detection and adjustment requirements.

[0061] In some embodiments of the present invention, the air flow rate of the turbine system 30 is q e , the rated power generation of the turbine system 30 is P E , P E satisfy: Where m is the turbine stage, k is the air adiabatic index, T in,e,i is the air inlet temperature of the i-th stage turbine, η a,e,i is the equal entropy efficiency of the i-th level transmission, η g,e,i is the mechanical efficiency of the i-th stage turbine, TR i is the expansion ratio of the i-th stage turbine.

[0062] Therefore, according to the above formula, the relationship between the air flow rate of the turbine system 30 and the expansion ratio of the i-th stage turbine can be reflected, and through the stable rated power generation power of the turbine system 30, the air flow rate of the turbine system 30 can be calculated to ensure the precise control of the power generation power of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0063] In some embodiments, the air flow rate of the turbine system 30 under actual operating conditions is less than or equal to the air flow rate of the turbine system 30 under rated operating conditions, so that the turbine system 30 can operate under conditions close to the rated air flow rate, so that the turbine system 30 can convert energy more efficiently, and help to reduce the pressure and temperature inside the compressed air energy storage system 100, thereby improving the safety of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0064] According to some embodiments of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the compressed air energy storage system 100 includes a heat storage system 40 and a heat exchange system 50. The heat exchange system 50 includes a compression end heat exchanger 51 and a turbine end heat exchanger 52. The compression end heat exchanger 51 and the turbine end heat exchanger 52 exchange heat with each other through the heat storage system 40. The compression end heat exchanger 51 exchanges heat with the air flowing out of the compression system 10, for example, cooling the air flowing out of the compression system 10 to meet the required cooling requirements, which is beneficial to increasing the quality of air charged into the air storage system 20. The turbine end heat exchanger 52 exchanges heat with the air entering the turbine system 30, for example, heating the air entering the turbine system 30, which can improve the working efficiency of the turbine system 30, realize heat recovery and utilization between the compression system 10 and the turbine system 30, which is beneficial to improving the overall efficiency of the compressed air energy storage system 100. The heat exchange system 50 has a simple structure and can reduce production costs.

[0065] In addition, the temperature control system also includes a turbine control system, which can control the air flow of the turbine system 30, realize the control requirements of the turbine system 30, and meet the working requirements of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0066] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the heat storage system 40 includes a high-temperature tank 41 and a low-temperature tank 42, and the high-temperature tank 41 and the low-temperature tank 42 are interconnected. The high-temperature tank 41 and the low-temperature tank 42 are both located between the compression end heat exchanger 51 and the turbine end heat exchanger 52, so that the refrigerant in the low-temperature tank 42 can absorb heat through the compression end heat exchanger 51 and store the heat energy in the high-temperature tank 41, and the refrigerant in the high-temperature tank 41 dissipates heat through the turbine end heat exchanger 52 and stores the cold energy in the low-temperature tank 42, thereby realizing the storage of heat energy and cold energy, which is conducive to the recovery and utilization of heat.

[0067] In some related technologies, during the operation of the compressed air energy storage system, environmental factors have a significant impact on the temperature change of the compressed air storage system. The main impact of environmental factors on the compressed air storage system is reflected in the exhaust temperature of the first-stage compressor of the compression system, which affects the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchange system and thus affects the working efficiency of the turbine system; in other related technologies, after the air storage system is inflated, the temperature of the air storage system will decrease during the process of storing high-pressure air. The rate of cooling is related to the ambient temperature, thereby affecting the working efficiency of the subsequent turbine system.

[0068] Therefore, in the present invention, the control method further includes:

[0069] The turbine control system controls the air flow of the turbine system 30 according to the ambient temperature, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the turbine system 30, realizing precise control of the power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100, and being able to control the air quality after the turbine of the air storage system 20 is terminated to be the same as the pressure of the rated operating conditions, thereby ensuring the stability of the cycle operating conditions of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0070] Therefore, during the operation of the turbine system 30, the air flow rate and the air inlet temperature of the turbine system 30 are regulated according to the heat recovered by the heat exchange system 50 and the ambient temperature, so as to ensure that the power generation power, power generation time of the compressed air energy storage system 100 and the gas storage capacity of the gas storage system 20 are close to or the same as the rated operating conditions, thereby ensuring the stability of the cycle operating conditions of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0071] In some embodiments of the present invention, the total heat recovered by the heat exchange system 50 and the compression system 10 is H c , H c satisfy: Among them, H HT,Loss is the total heat loss in the heat storage system 40 and the heat exchange system 50, THX,in,i is the air inlet temperature of the i-th stage heat exchanger at the turbine end, T in,e,i is the air inlet temperature of the i-th stage turbine, c p air is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, t e is the time for the turbine system 30 to generate electricity, q e is the air flow rate of the turbine system.

[0072] Therefore, according to the above formula, it can be reflected that the total heat recovered by the heat exchange system 50 in the compression system 10 is greater than or equal to the sum of the total heat loss in the heat storage system 40 and the heat exchange system 50 and the heat of the air heated to the required temperature in the turbine system 30 process, and the air inlet temperature of the i-th stage turbine can be limited to achieve the control of the air inlet temperature of the i-th stage turbine, thereby ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the turbine system 30 and realizing the precise control of the power generation power of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0073] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature control system includes a gas storage control system, which can control the gas discharge flow of the gas storage system 20, realize the control requirements of the gas storage system 20, and meet the working requirements of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0074] Control methods include:

[0075] The gas storage control system controls the gas discharge flow of the gas storage system 20 according to the power generation power of the turbine system 30 and the heat exchange capacity of the turbine end heat exchanger 52, which can ensure that the initial air quality in the gas storage system 20 is the same as the design operating conditions, reduce the control difficulty, avoid the difference in the power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100 affected by temperature, ensure the stability of the cycle condition of the compressed air energy storage system 100, and avoid the influence of ambient temperature on the quality of air involved in work in the gas storage system 20, so as to realize precise control of the energy management of the compressed air energy storage system 100 and ensure the stable operation of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0076] For example, when the ambient temperature is higher than the design temperature, the compression end heat exchanger 51 exchanges heat with the air flowing out of the compression system 10, so that the heat absorbed by the compression end heat exchanger 51 is high, which increases the heat stored in the heat storage system 40. The turbine end heat exchanger 52 exchanges heat with the air entering the turbine system 30, so that the air absorbs more heat. If the bleed flow rate of the gas storage system 20 is the design flow rate, the working efficiency of the turbine system 30 will be increased, and the air quality in the gas storage system 20 will be less than the design air quality, affecting the stability of the cycle condition of the compressed air energy storage system 100. Therefore, by reducing the bleed flow rate of the gas storage system 20, the bleed volume of the gas storage system 20 is small when the time remains unchanged, which ensures the stability of the working efficiency of the turbine system 30 and the consistency of the air quality in the gas storage system 20, thereby ensuring the stable power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0077] In some embodiments of the present invention, the control method includes:

[0078] The gas storage control system controls the air quality after the gas storage system 20 turbine is turned off according to the ambient temperature, which can ensure that the gas storage system 20 maintains appropriate air quality at different ambient temperatures, ensure the consistency of the air quality after the gas storage system 20 is turned off, ensure the stable power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100, ensure the cycle stability of the compressed air energy storage system 100, and ensure the output of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0079] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the gas storage control system controls the air quality after the gas storage system 20 turbine is turned off according to the ambient temperature, including:

[0080] When the ambient temperature is higher than the rated temperature, the bleed flow rate of the gas storage system 20 is reduced. That is, when the ambient temperature is higher than the design temperature, if the bleed flow rate of the gas storage system 20 is the design flow rate, the air in the gas storage system 20 will be less than the design air quality, affecting the stability of the cycle condition of the compressed air energy storage system 100. By reducing the bleed flow rate of the gas storage system 20, the bleed volume of the gas storage system 20 is reduced under the condition of unchanged time, thereby ensuring the stability of the working efficiency of the turbine system 30 and the consistency of the air quality in the gas storage system 20, thereby ensuring the stable power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100;

[0081] When the ambient temperature is lower than the rated temperature, the gas storage system 20 is depressurized. That is, when the ambient temperature is lower than the design temperature, if the air discharge flow of the gas storage system 20 is the design flow, the air quality in the gas storage system 20 will be greater than the design air quality, affecting the stability of the circulation condition of the compressed air energy storage system 100. By depressurizing the gas storage system 20, the air quality in the gas storage system 20 can be reduced, ensuring the consistency of the air quality in the gas storage system 20, thereby ensuring the stable power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0082] In the related art, after the gas storage system is deflated, the gas storage system enters a low-pressure gas storage stage. The gas storage system in the low-pressure gas storage stage is affected by the ambient temperature. At the beginning of the next cycle, the temperature and pressure of the gas storage system deviate from the rated operating conditions.

[0083] Therefore, according to some embodiments of the present invention, the pressure of the gas storage system 20 after low-pressure gas storage is p, the time of low-pressure gas storage in the gas storage system 20 is t, and the relationship between the pressure of the gas storage system 20 after low-pressure gas storage and the time of low-pressure gas storage in the gas storage system 20 is: The temperature of the gas storage system 20 after low-pressure gas storage is T, and the relationship between the temperature of the gas storage system 20 after low-pressure gas storage and the time of low-pressure gas storage in the gas storage system 20 is: Among them, h c is the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the gas storage system 20 during the gas storage stage, A is the heat transfer surface area of ​​the gas storage system 20, T rw is the wall temperature of the gas storage system 20, c v is the specific heat of air at constant pressure.

[0084] Therefore, according to the above formula, the pressure of the gas storage system 20 after low-pressure gas storage and the temperature of the gas storage system 20 after low-pressure gas storage can be obtained, so that the gas storage control system can evaluate the air quality in the gas storage system 20 after each cycle of the compressed air energy storage system 100, so as to judge whether it is necessary to discharge air and the quality of the discharged air according to the air quality in the gas storage system 20, so as to meet the required control requirements and ensure the stability of the cycle working condition of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0085] For example, the air quality after low-pressure air storage in the gas storage system 20 is controlled by the pressure after low-pressure air storage in the gas storage system 20 and the time of low-pressure air storage in the gas storage system 20. When the ambient temperature is higher than the design temperature, the pressure after low-pressure air storage in the gas storage system 20 is higher than the minimum pressure designed for operation of the gas storage system 20, thereby reducing the discharge flow rate of the gas storage system 20, so that the discharge amount of the gas storage system 20 is small, thereby ensuring the stability of the gas storage system 20; when the ambient temperature is lower than the design temperature, the gas storage system 20 is depressurized to ensure that the air quality in the gas storage system 20 is equal before the next cycle of the gas storage system 20 starts, thereby ensuring the consistency of the air quality in the gas storage system 20, thereby ensuring the stable power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present invention, the air mass after the gas storage system 20 turbine is completed is M s,L , M s,L satisfy: Among them, p min-1 is the pressure of the gas storage system 20 after the turbine is finished in actual working condition, R g is the air gas constant, T e is the temperature of the gas storage system 20 after the turbine of the gas storage system 20 is finished, and V is the volume of the gas storage system 20.

[0087] Therefore, according to the above formula, the air mass after the turbine of the gas storage system 20 ends can be obtained, so that the inflation volume or pressure relief volume required for the next cycle of the gas storage system 20 can be calculated, thereby ensuring the consistency of the air quality in the gas storage system 20, thereby ensuring the stable power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0088] In some embodiments, the monitoring system can detect and collect the pressure of the actual operating gas storage system 20 after the turbine ends, so as to determine whether to adjust the pressure of the actual operating gas storage system 20 after the turbine ends to meet the required detection and adjustment requirements.

[0089] According to some embodiments of the present invention, when M s,L When the air quality is greater than the air quality after the end of the 20 turbine of the gas storage system under rated working condition, the pressure relief air quality is ΔM, and ΔM satisfies: Among them, pmin is the lower limit of the pressure of the gas storage system 20 after the turbine ends under rated operating conditions, and T0 is the ambient temperature.

[0090] Therefore, according to the above formula, the pressure relief air quality can be obtained. When M s,L When the air quality after the turbine of the gas storage system 20 ends is greater than that of the rated operating condition, the decompression air quality of the gas storage system 20 can be calculated to ensure the consistency of the air quality in the gas storage system 20 and the pressure of the gas storage system 20 is consistent with the rated operating condition, thereby ensuring the stable power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0091] In some embodiments of the present invention, the pressure of the gas storage system 20 after low-pressure gas storage is p end , p end Satisfaction: P end =(M s，L -ΔM)R g T / V, wherein T is the temperature of the gas storage system 20 after the gas is filled.

[0092] Therefore, according to the above formula, the pressure of the gas storage system 20 after low-pressure gas storage can be calculated, which is convenient for ensuring that the pressure of the gas storage system 20 is consistent with the rated operating conditions, so that the initial air quality of the single-cycle gas storage system 20 can be controlled to be the same, ensuring that the working power and power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100 are the same in each cycle, which can reduce the difficulty of output regulation of the compressed air energy storage system 100 and ensure the stability of power generation of the compressed air energy storage system 100.

[0093] The control method of the compressed air energy storage system 100 according to the embodiment of the present invention and other structures and operations of the compressed air energy storage system 100 are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0094] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0095] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "embodiment", "specific embodiment", "example", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0096] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A control method for a compressed air energy storage system, characterized in that: The compressed air energy storage system includes a compression system, an air storage system, a turbine system and a temperature control system. The compression system is in communication with the air storage system, the air storage system is in communication with the turbine system, the temperature control system includes a compression control system and a monitoring system, and the control method includes: The monitoring system detects and collects the ambient temperature; The compression control system controls the air flow of the compression system according to the ambient temperature. The inflation flow rate of the compression system is q c , the ambient temperature is T0, the gas mass of the gas storage system is M c , M c satisfy: Among them, t c is the inflation time, p max is the upper limit of the gas storage system inflation pressure, V is the volume of the gas storage system, R g is the air gas constant, T is the temperature of the gas storage system after the gas is filled, and p min It is the lower limit of the pressure after the turbine of the gas storage system ends under rated operating conditions.

2. The control method of the compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control system includes a turbine control system, and the control method includes: The turbine control system controls the air flow of the turbine system according to the rated power generation of the turbine system. The air flow rate of the turbine system is q e , the rated power generation of the turbine system is P E , P E satisfy: Where m is the turbine stage, k is the air adiabatic index, T in,e,i is the air inlet temperature of the i-th stage turbine, η a,e,i is the equal entropy efficiency of the i-th level transmission, η g,e,i is the mechanical efficiency of the i-th stage turbine, TR i is the expansion ratio of the i-th stage turbine.

3. The control method of the compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control system includes a turbine control system, the compressed air energy storage system includes a heat storage system and a heat exchange system, the heat exchange system includes a compression end heat exchanger and a turbine end heat exchanger, the compression end heat exchanger and the turbine end heat exchanger exchange heat with each other through the heat storage system, the compression end heat exchanger exchanges heat with the air flowing out of the compression system, and the turbine end heat exchanger exchanges heat with the air entering the turbine system, and the control method also includes: The turbine control system controls the air flow of the turbine system according to the ambient temperature.

4. The control method of the compressed air energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The total heat recovered by the heat exchange system and the compression system is H c , H c satisfy: Among them, H HT,Loss is the total heat loss in the heat storage system and the heat exchange system, T HX,in,i is the air inlet temperature of the i-th stage heat exchanger at the turbine end, T in,e,i is the air inlet temperature of the i-th stage turbine, c pair is the specific heat capacity of air at constant pressure, t e is the time for the turbine system to generate electricity, q e is the air flow rate of the turbine system.

5. The control method of the compressed air energy storage system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The temperature control system includes a gas storage control system, and the control method includes: The gas storage control system controls the gas discharge flow of the gas storage system according to the power generation power of the turbine system and the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger at the turbine end; The gas storage control system controls the air quality after the gas storage system turbine is turned off according to the ambient temperature.

6. The control method of the compressed air energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas storage control system controls the air quality after the gas storage system turbine is turned off according to the ambient temperature, including: When the ambient temperature is higher than the rated temperature, reducing the air discharge flow of the air storage system; When the ambient temperature is lower than the rated temperature, the gas storage system is depressurized.

7. The control method of the compressed air energy storage system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressure of the gas storage system after low-pressure gas storage is p, the time of low-pressure gas storage in the gas storage system is t, and the relationship between the pressure of the gas storage system after low-pressure gas storage and the time of low-pressure gas storage in the gas storage system is: The temperature of the gas storage system after low-pressure gas storage is T, and the relationship between the temperature of the gas storage system after low-pressure gas storage and the time of low-pressure gas storage in the gas storage system is: Among them, h c is the comprehensive heat transfer coefficient of the gas storage system during the gas storage stage, A is the heat transfer surface area of ​​the gas storage system, T rw is the wall temperature of the gas storage system, c v is the specific heat of air at constant pressure.

8. The control method of the compressed air energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air mass after the turbine of the gas storage system is M s,L , M s,L satisfy: Among them, p min-1 R is the pressure of the gas storage system after the turbine is finished under actual working conditions. g is the air gas constant, T e is the temperature of the gas storage system after the turbine of the gas storage system ends, and V is the volume of the gas storage system.

9. The control method of the compressed air energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: When M s,L When the air quality is greater than the air quality after the turbine of the gas storage system is terminated under the rated operating condition, the pressure relief air quality is ΔM, and ΔM satisfies: The pressure of the gas storage system after low-pressure gas storage is pen d ,pen d satisfy: p end =(M s，L -ΔM)R g T / V Among them, p min is the lower limit of the pressure after the turbine of the gas storage system ends under rated operating conditions, T0 is the ambient temperature, and T is the temperature after the gas storage system is filled with gas.

10. A compressed air energy storage system, characterized in that: The compressed air energy storage system operates according to the control method of the compressed air energy storage system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the compressed air energy storage system comprises: Compression system; A gas storage system, the gas storage system being in communication with the compression system; A turbine system, wherein the turbine system is in communication with the gas storage system; A temperature control system, the temperature control system includes a compression control system and a monitoring system, the monitoring system is used to monitor the ambient temperature, and the compression control system is used to control the inflation flow of the compression system.

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