Abrasion test device

Abstract

The invention provides an abrasion test device which comprises a bearing frame, two sample clamps which are sequentially arranged at intervals in the vertical direction are arranged on the bearing frame, every two adjacent sample clamps move in the mode of getting close to and getting away from each other, at least one sample clamp is provided with a vertical pressure sensor, and the vertical pressure sensor is connected with the bearing frame. A friction plate is arranged between every two adjacent sample clamps; and the fixing piece comprises a shaft extension part and a radial extension part which are embedded in the friction plate. According to the abrasion test device, the relative position between the push-pull rod and the friction plate can be restrained through the fixing piece embedded in the friction plate, the size of the radial extension part is further limited, so that the bearing area between the fixing piece and the friction plate is increased, and compared with an existing mode that the push-pull rod and the friction plate are connected through a dovetail groove structure, the abrasion test efficiency is improved. The abrasion test device can meet the use requirements in a large bearing capacity test scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wear test, and in particular to a wear test device which can be applied to tests of initial static friction, sliding friction, cycle fatigue performance, friction and wear performance of composite materials. Background Art

[0002] Rubber bearings are important components connecting the superstructure and substructure of a bridge. Their quality and performance will directly affect the usability and durability of the entire bridge. Currently, the continuous upgrading of new materials has put forward higher demands on testing equipment.

[0003] Regarding the friction plate material inside the rubber bearing, the initial static friction and sliding friction, wear performance, mechanical properties and cyclic fatigue performance of the material are involved. The industry designs corresponding testing devices according to the standards. For example, the invention patent with publication number CN103674750A discloses a wear testing machine and a testing method for a basin-type rubber bearing friction plate. In the above-mentioned prior art, a dovetail groove structure is used to connect the push-pull rod and the friction plate, which cannot meet the use requirements in larger load-bearing capacity test scenarios.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes a wear test device that can be used in a larger load-bearing capacity test scenario. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem that the above-mentioned existing testing devices cannot meet the use requirements in a larger load-bearing capacity test scenario, the present invention provides a wear testing device.

[0006] According to one object of the present invention, the present invention provides a wear test device, comprising:

[0007] A load-bearing frame, wherein two sample clamps are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in a vertical direction, and two adjacent sample clamps move in a manner of approaching and moving away from each other, at least one of the sample clamps is provided with a vertical pressure sensor, and a friction plate is provided between the two adjacent sample clamps;

[0008] A horizontal driving member, the horizontal driving member is connected to the supporting frame, an output end is arranged on the horizontal driving member, the output end is arranged to drive the friction plate to move in the axial direction of the output end, a horizontal force measuring member is arranged between the horizontal driving member and the friction plate, and the side of the friction plate connected to the horizontal force measuring member is a connecting surface;

[0009] A fixing member, the fixing member includes an axial extension portion and a radial extension portion embedded in the friction plate, the horizontal force measuring member extends outwardly along the axial direction of the output end to form the axial extension portion, the axial extension portion extends outwardly along the radial direction of the output end to form the radial extension portion, the radial extension portion and the connecting surface are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the output end, and in the radial direction of the output end, the cross-sectional size of the radial extension portion is not less than the cross-sectional size of the axial extension portion.

[0010] Preferably, in the axial direction of the output end, the cross-sectional dimension of the end of the extension of the radial extension portion is not less than the cross-sectional dimension of the start of the extension of the radial extension portion.

[0011] Preferably, the radial extension portion is located at the end of the shaft extension portion, and one radial extension portion is respectively provided on both sides of one radial direction of the shaft extension portion, and both the shaft extension portion and the radial extension portion are designed in a polygonal column shape.

[0012] Preferably, one side of the horizontal force measuring piece connected to the friction plate extends radially outward to form a reinforcement piece, the connection surfaces of the reinforcement piece and the friction plate are in contact with each other, and the cross-sectional size of the reinforcement piece gradually increases in a manner approaching the friction plate.

[0013] Preferably, a connecting groove is provided on one side of the friction plate in the horizontal direction, and a mounting opening is provided on one radial direction of the horizontal force measuring piece, the mounting opening is communicated with the connecting groove, a mounting baffle is detachably installed on the mounting opening, the inner side of the mounting baffle and the inner wall of the connecting groove form a mounting area, and the mounting area matches the fixing part.

[0014] Preferably, a guide structure is provided inside the horizontal driving member, and the guide structure is configured to constrain the output end to move only along its axial direction;

[0015] The horizontal driving member is a servo cylinder, and the horizontal driving member includes a piston rod and a cylinder barrel that are movably connected, and one end of the piston rod in the length direction is the output end of the horizontal driving member, and the output end is exposed to the outside of the cylinder barrel;

[0016] The guide structure includes a guide member and a guide bearing. The guide member is arranged on the radial outside of the piston rod. A guide portion is provided on the side wall of the cylinder. The guide portion is arranged along the movable direction of the piston rod. The guide member is slidably connected to the guide portion through a guide bearing.

[0017] Preferably, the horizontal force measuring member comprises:

[0018] A push-pull rod, a horizontal pressure sensor and a sensor transition seat, wherein the horizontal pressure sensor is a spoke-type sensor, the push-pull rod, the horizontal pressure sensor and the sensor transition seat are sequentially connected between the friction plate and the output end, and the cross-sectional size of the sensor transition seat gradually increases in a manner close to the horizontal pressure sensor;

[0019] A first abutment and a second abutment, the outer side of the push-pull rod extends radially outward to form the first abutment, the horizontal pressure sensor is provided with a first mounting surface and a second mounting surface opposite to each other and a mounting hole connecting the first mounting surface and the second mounting surface, the horizontal pressure sensor is sleeved on the outer side of the push-pull rod through the mounting hole, the first abutment and the first mounting surface of the horizontal pressure sensor are in abutment with each other, the radial outer side of the push-pull rod close to the second end is provided with an external thread, the second abutment is an annular second abutment, the second abutment is movably sleeved on the external thread, the second abutment and the second mounting surface of the horizontal pressure sensor are in abutment with each other, and the cross-sectional dimensions of the second abutment and the first abutment are gradually increased in a manner close to the horizontal pressure sensor;

[0020] An anti-rotation member, wherein the anti-rotation member is disposed between the second abutting member and the horizontal pressure sensor.

[0021] Preferably, the sensor transition seat includes a wrapping portion and a connecting portion, the wrapping portion and the connecting portion are connected in sequence between the horizontal pressure sensor and the output end of the horizontal driving member, a accommodating cavity is provided in the wrapping portion, the anti-rotation member and the second abutment member are both located in the accommodating cavity, wherein the radial outer side surface of the wrapping portion gradually extends outward in a manner close to the horizontal pressure sensor, and in the radial direction of the push-pull rod, the outer side surface of the horizontal pressure sensor and the outer side surface of the sensor transition seat are flush.

[0022] Preferably, it also includes:

[0023] A vertical loading cylinder is connected to the supporting frame, the sample fixture comprises an upper sample fixture and a lower sample fixture which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction, the vertical loading cylinder is configured to drive the lower sample fixture to move upward or downward in the vertical direction, the lower sample fixture is connected to the vertical pressure sensor, and the vertical pressure sensor is a spoke-type sensor.

[0024] Preferably, it also includes:

[0025] An environmental heat insulation box, wherein the environmental heat insulation box is arranged in the carrying frame, the sample fixture and the friction plate are both located in the environmental heat insulation box, and the air temperature and air humidity in the environmental heat insulation box are adjustable;

[0026] A cooler is connected to the supporting frame, and the cooler is communicated with the environmental heat insulation box.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] The wear test device is characterized in that the samples to be tested are respectively mounted on the upper sample fixture and the lower sample fixture, the positions of the upper sample fixture and the lower sample fixture in the vertical direction are adjusted, the samples on the upper sample fixture and the lower sample fixture are contacted with the friction plate, and the friction plate is driven to move in the horizontal direction by the horizontal driving member to achieve the friction loss of the sample, wherein the friction force of the sample in the horizontal and vertical directions can be monitored by the horizontal force measuring member and the vertical pressure sensor;

[0029] The fixing part embedded in the friction plate can constrain the relative position between the push-pull rod and the friction plate, and further limit the size of the radial extension part to increase the bearing area between the fixing part and the friction plate. Compared with the existing dovetail groove structure between the push-pull rod and the friction plate, the wear test device can meet the use requirements in larger load-bearing test scenarios.

[0030] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of one viewing angle of the wear test device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Another schematic diagram of the wear test device of the present invention from another viewing angle;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the development of a horizontal driving member, a horizontal force measuring member and a friction plate of a wear test device according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a horizontal driving member in a wear testing device according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a horizontal force measuring piece in a wear testing device described in the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 100, bearing frame; 101, sample fixture; 1011, upper sample fixture; 102, vertical pressure sensor; 103, friction plate; 1031, connecting groove; 1032, mounting opening; 1033, mounting baffle; 200, horizontal driving member; 201, output end; 202, guide structure; 2021, guide member; 2022, guide bearing; 203, piston rod; 204, cylinder; 2041, guide part; 300, horizontal force measuring member; 301, push-pull rod; 3011, reinforcement Part; 3012, first end; 3013, second end; 302, horizontal pressure sensor; 3021, first mounting surface; 3022, second mounting surface; 3023, mounting hole; 303, sensor transition seat; 3031, wrapping portion; 3032, connecting portion; 304, first abutment member; 305, second abutment member; 306, anti-rotation member; 400, fixing member; 401, shaft extension portion; 402, diameter extension portion; 500, vertical loading cylinder; 600, environmental heat insulation box; 800, connecting screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following description is used to fully explain the present invention so that those skilled in the art can implement the present invention. The preferred embodiments described below are only examples, and those skilled in the art can think of other obvious variations. The basic principles of the present invention defined in the following description can be applied to other embodiments, variations, improvements, equivalents, and other technical solutions that do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

[0038] See also Figure 1-5 The present invention provides a technical solution: a wear test device, comprising:

[0039] A load-bearing frame 100, on which a sample fixture 101 is disposed. There are two sample fixtures 101, namely an upper sample fixture 1011 and a lower sample fixture. In the vertical direction, the upper sample fixture 1011 and the lower sample fixture are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the upper sample fixture 1011 and the lower sample fixture move in a manner of approaching or moving away from each other, a vertical pressure sensor 102 is disposed on at least one of the sample fixtures 101, and a friction plate 103 is disposed between the upper sample fixture 1011 and the lower sample fixture;

[0040] A horizontal driving member 200, wherein the horizontal driving member 200 is connected to the supporting frame 100, and an output end 201 is provided on the horizontal driving member 200, wherein the output end 201 is configured to drive the friction plate 103 to move in the axial direction of the output end 201, and a horizontal force-measuring member 300 is provided between the horizontal driving member 200 and the friction plate 103, and the side of the friction plate 103 connected to the horizontal force-measuring member 300 is a connecting surface;

[0041] A guide structure 202 is disposed inside the horizontal driving member 200 , and the guide structure 202 is configured to constrain the output end 201 to move only along its axial direction.

[0042] The samples to be tested are respectively mounted on the upper sample fixture 1011 and the lower sample fixture, and the positions of the upper sample fixture 1011 and the lower sample fixture in the vertical direction are adjusted, and the samples on the upper sample fixture 1011 and the lower sample fixture are brought into contact with the friction plate 103, and the friction plate 103 is driven to move in the horizontal direction by the horizontal driving member 200, so as to achieve the friction loss of the sample, wherein the friction force of the sample in the horizontal and vertical directions can be monitored by the horizontal force measuring member 300 and the vertical pressure sensor 102;

[0043] The guide structure 202 disposed in the horizontal driving member 200 can prevent the output end 201 of the horizontal driving member 200 from moving in directions other than its axial direction, thereby affecting the test results. The guide structure 202 disposed in the horizontal driving member 200 occupies a smaller space than the guide structure 202 disposed outside the horizontal driving member 200.

[0044] See also Figure 3 and 4 Regarding the specific structure of the guide structure 202, the horizontal driving member 200 is a servo cylinder, and the horizontal driving member 200 includes a piston rod 203 and a cylinder barrel 204 that are movably connected. One end of the piston rod 203 in the length direction is the output end 201 of the horizontal driving member 200, and the output end 201 is exposed to the outside of the cylinder barrel 204. The guide structure 202 includes a guide member 2021, and the guide member 2021 is arranged on the radial outside of the piston rod 203. A guide portion 2041 is provided on the side wall of the cylinder barrel 204. The guide portion 2041 is arranged along the movable direction of the piston rod 203, and the guide member 2021 is slidably connected in the guide portion 2041. Preferably, the guide member 2021 is a rod-shaped guide member 2021, and the guide member 2021 is vertically installed on the radially outer side of the piston rod 203; the guide portion 2041 is a hole-shaped guide portion 2041, and the guide portion 2041 connects the inner and outer sides of the cylinder 204, so that the guide structure 202 can be visually viewed from the outside of the cylinder 204, which is convenient for personnel maintenance.

[0045] More specifically, the guide structure 202 further includes: a guide bearing 2022, the inner ring of which is sleeved on the outer side of the guide member 2021, and the outer ring of which is located in the guide portion 2041. Preferably, the guide bearing 2022 and the guide member 2021 are coaxially arranged, and the outer ring of the guide bearing 2022 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide portion 2041. Through the above design, when the piston rod 203 moves in the guide portion 2041 in cooperation with the guide member 2021, the outer ring and the inner ring of the guide bearing 2022 cooperate with the ball to rotate, so that there is less friction between the guide member 2021 and the guide portion 2041. In one embodiment of the present invention, the number of the guide structures 202 is two, and one guide structure 202 is respectively arranged on both sides of the piston rod 203 in the radial direction.

[0046] See also Figure 5 Regarding the specific structure of the horizontal force-measuring member 300, the horizontal force-measuring member 300 includes:

[0047] A push-pull rod 301, wherein two ends of the push-pull rod 301 in the length direction are respectively a first end 3012 and a second end 3013, and the first end 3012 is connected to the friction plate 103;

[0048] The horizontal pressure sensor 302 is a spoke-type sensor, and the horizontal pressure sensor 302 is arranged between the push-pull rod 301 and the output end 201 of the horizontal driving member 200 .

[0049] Abutment members are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the push-pull rod 301, and the horizontal pressure sensor 302 is interference-connected between two adjacent abutment members.

[0050] Furthermore, the push-pull rod 301 and the output end 201 of the horizontal driving member 200 are coaxially arranged, and a movable gap is reserved between the second end 3013 of the push-pull rod 301 and the output end 201. The horizontal force measuring member 300 further includes:

[0051] The sensor transition seat 303 is connected between the output end 201 of the horizontal driving member 200 and the horizontal pressure sensor 302, and the cross-sectional size of the sensor transition seat 303 gradually increases in a manner close to the horizontal pressure sensor 302. By adding the sensor transition seat 303 between the output end 201 and the horizontal pressure sensor 302, and further defining the shape of the sensor transition seat 303, during the process in which the output end 201 drives the friction plate 103 to move through the push-pull rod 301, the sensor transition seat 303 can improve the connection strength between the two to a certain extent. Preferably, the horizontal pressure sensor 302 is arranged in a manner close to the second end 3013, and the sensor transition seat 303 is connected to the side of the horizontal pressure sensor 302 facing the second end 3013.

[0052] Furthermore, the output end 201 of the horizontal driving member 200 and the push-pull rod 301 are detachably connected. Specifically, the device further includes:

[0053] A connecting screw 800, wherein the connecting screw 800 comprises a first connecting portion 3032 and a second connecting portion 3032 which are arranged at intervals along the length direction, a first mounting hole 3023 is provided in the sensor transition seat 303, the first connecting portion 3032 is detachably installed in the first mounting hole 3023, a second mounting hole 3023 is provided at the output end 201 of the horizontal driving member 200, the second connecting portion 3032 is detachably installed in the second mounting hole 3023, optionally, the first connecting portion 3032 and the first mounting hole 3023 as well as the second connecting portion 3032 and the second mounting hole 3023 are connected by bolts, specifically, screw holes are provided in the radial direction of the output end 201 of the horizontal driving member 200 and in the radial direction of the sensor transition seat 303, bolts can be installed in the screw holes and rotated to squeeze the connecting screw 800, so as to fix the relative positions among the connecting screw 800, the output end 201 of the horizontal driving member 200 and the sensor transition seat 303.

[0054] Preferably, the connecting screw 800, the output end 201 of the horizontal driving member 200, the sensor transition seat 303 and the push-pull rod 301 are all coaxially arranged.

[0055] The horizontal pressure sensor 302 and the push-pull rod 301 are detachably connected. Specifically, the outer side of the push-pull rod 301 extends radially outward to form a first abutment member 304. The horizontal pressure sensor 302 is provided with a first mounting surface 3021 and a second mounting surface 3022 relative to each other, and a mounting hole 3023 connecting the first mounting surface 3021 and the second mounting surface 3022. The horizontal pressure sensor 302 is sleeved on the outer side of the push-pull rod 301 through the mounting hole 3023. The first abutment member 304 abuts against the first mounting surface 3021 of the horizontal pressure sensor 302. The push-pull rod 301 is provided with an external thread on the radial outer side near the second end 3013. The second abutment member 305 is an annular second abutment member 305. The second abutment member 305 is movably sleeved on the external thread. The second abutment member 305 abuts against the second mounting surface 3022 of the horizontal pressure sensor 302.

[0056] Furthermore, the cross-sectional dimensions of the second abutting member 305 and the first abutting member 304 are gradually increased in a manner of approaching the horizontal pressure sensor 302 .

[0057] In order to prevent the horizontal pressure sensor 302 from being displaced in the circumferential direction of the output end 201 of the horizontal driving member 200 when the horizontal pressure sensor 302 is subjected to external pressure, thereby affecting the test results, further, an anti-rotation member 306 is provided between the second abutment member 305 and the horizontal pressure sensor 302. In one embodiment, the second abutment member 305 is a nut, and the anti-rotation member 306 is a plastic anti-rotation member 306. When assembling the horizontal pressure sensor 302, first, the mounting hole 3023 on the horizontal pressure sensor 302 is sleeved on the outside of the push-pull rod 301, and the first abutment member 304 limits the first mounting surface 3021 of the horizontal pressure sensor 302, and further, the anti-rotation member 306 and the second abutment member 305 are sleeved on the outside of the external thread, and the second abutment member 305 is rotated. The second abutment member 305 cooperates with the external thread to move on the push-pull rod 301, and the second abutment member 305 cooperates with the anti-rotation member 306 to squeeze the second mounting surface 3022 of the horizontal pressure sensor 302, so as to realize the assembly between the horizontal pressure sensor 302 and the push-pull rod 301.

[0058] To ensure the compactness of the overall structure of the device, see Figure 5 Further, in the radial direction of the push-pull rod 301, the outer side of the sensor transition seat 303 does not exceed the outer side of the horizontal pressure sensor 302. Preferably, in the radial direction of the push-pull rod 301, the outer side surface of the horizontal pressure sensor 302 and the outer side surface of the sensor transition seat 303 are flush.

[0059] The sensor transition seat 303 includes a wrapping portion 3031 and a connecting portion 3032 which are connected in sequence along the radial direction, the connecting portion 3032 is provided with the first mounting hole 3023, the wrapping portion 3031 is provided with a accommodating cavity, the accommodating cavity is communicated with the first mounting hole 3023, the anti-rotation component 306 and the second abutment component 305 are both located in the accommodating cavity, the cross-sectional dimensions of the connecting portion 3032 at any point in the axial direction are the same, the radial outer side surface of the wrapping portion 3031 gradually extends outward in a manner close to the horizontal pressure sensor 302, and the connection between the radial outer side of the wrapping portion 3031 and the radial outer side of the anti-rotation component 306 is smoothly transitioned.

[0060] The distance between the bottom surface of the accommodating cavity in the axial direction and the side surface of the second abutting member 305 close to the second end 3013 is not less than the size of the movable gap, so as to prevent the second abutting member 305 from affecting the movement of the sensor transition seat 303 .

[0061] To meet the needs of large tonnage tests, see Figure 3 and 5 , further, the first end 3012 of the push-pull rod 301 is connected to a fixing member 400, and the fixing member 400 includes an axial extension portion 401 and a radial extension portion 402. The first end 3012 of the push-pull rod 301 extends outwardly along the axial direction to form the axial extension portion 401, and the end of the axial extension portion 401 extends outwardly along the radial direction of the push-pull rod 301 to form the radial extension portion 402, and the axial extension portion 401 and the radial extension portion 402 are both embedded in the friction plate 103. Further, in the radial direction of the output end 201, the cross-sectional dimension of the radial extension portion 402 is not less than the cross-sectional dimension of the axial extension portion 401. Further, in the axial direction of the output end 201, the cross-sectional dimension of the end of the extension of the radial extension portion 402 is not less than the cross-sectional dimension of the starting end of the extension of the radial extension portion 402. Furthermore, the shaft extension part 401 and the diameter extension part 402 are both designed in a multi-prism shape. In one embodiment of the present invention, in the radial direction of the output end 201, the cross-sectional size of the diameter extension part 402 is larger than the cross-sectional size of the shaft extension part 401. In the axial direction of the output end 201, the cross-sectional size of the end of the extension of the diameter extension part 402 is equal to the cross-sectional size of the start end of the extension of the diameter extension part 402. The shaft extension part 401 and the diameter extension part 402 are connected to form a "T"-shaped structure. When in use, the radial extension part 402 extending in the radial direction can constrain the relative position between the push-pull rod 301 and the friction plate 103 in the axial direction, and further limit the size of the radial extension part 402 to increase the bearing area between the fixing part 400 and the friction plate 103, which is suitable for use in test scenarios with larger bearing capacity.

[0062] Furthermore, the first end 3012 of the push rod extends radially outward to form a reinforcement member 3011, and the reinforcement member 3011 and the friction plate 103 are in contact with the side surface of the horizontal driving member 200. The radial extension portion 402 cooperates with the reinforcement member 3011 to form an approximately "I"-shaped structure to further improve the stability of the connection between the push-pull rod 301 and the friction plate 103. Furthermore, the cross-sectional size of the reinforcement member 3011 gradually increases in a manner close to the friction plate 103.

[0063] Continue to see Figure 3 and 5 , further, the friction plate 103 and the push-pull rod 301 are detachably connected. Furthermore, a connection groove 1031 is provided on one side of the friction plate 103 in the horizontal direction, and a mounting opening 1032 is provided on both sides of one radial direction of the push-pull rod 301 of the friction plate 103, the mounting opening 1032 is communicated with the connection groove 1031, and a mounting baffle 1033 is detachably mounted on the mounting opening 1032, and the inner side of the mounting baffle 1033 and the inner wall of the connection groove 1031 form a mounting area, and the mounting area matches the fixing member 400. In one embodiment, the mounting baffle 1033 and the mounting opening 1032 are connected by bolts. When in use, the "T"-shaped fixing member 400 is inserted into the connecting groove 1031 through the installation opening 1032, and the installation opening 1032 is closed by installing the baffle plate 1033 in conjunction with the bolts, so that the fixing member 400 is fixed in the installation area surrounded by the inner side of the installation baffle plate 1033 and the inner wall of the connecting groove 1031. In the prior art, the friction plate 103 adopts a dovetail groove structure, which can meet the corresponding bearing capacity in a smaller tonnage test, but cannot be used for a larger bearing capacity. The above design adopts a T-shaped structure, and the bearing cross-sectional area is increased compared to the bearing cross-sectional area of ​​the dovetail structure, which meets the design requirements.

[0064] Precise control to avoid friction in the one-way drive structure and monitor the impact value. Further, the wear test device also includes:

[0065] The vertical loading cylinder 500 is connected to the supporting frame 100. The vertical loading cylinder 500 is configured to drive the lower sample fixture to move upward or downward in the vertical direction. The lower sample fixture is connected to the vertical pressure sensor 102. The vertical pressure sensor 102 is a spoke-type sensor. Preferably, the vertical loading cylinder 500 is a bidirectional loading cylinder. Compared with the prior art that uses a plunger cylinder as the vertical loading cylinder 500, which is a one-way oil supply and falls by its own weight when falling, and an oil pressure sensor is used inside. The force value is obtained by conversion, and the force value contains friction, etc. This scheme adopts the above-mentioned bidirectional loading cylinder, which is controlled by hydraulic oil both above and below. The force value is directly measured by a spoke-type sensor without external influence.

[0066] To meet the needs of experiments in different environments, see Figure 1 and 2 , the wear test device also includes:

[0067] The environmental heat insulation box 600 is disposed in the carrying frame 100 . The sample fixture 101 and the friction plate 103 are both located in the environmental heat insulation box 600 . The air temperature and air humidity in the environmental heat insulation box 600 are adjustable.

[0068] Furthermore, it also includes: a cooling machine, the cooling machine is connected to the supporting frame 100, and the cooling machine is connected to the environmental heat insulation box 600. Compared with the prior art that uses an environmental box with liquid nitrogen for rapid cooling and cold preservation, which has a large insulation deviation, the above design can avoid the problem of large insulation deviation by combining the cooling machine with the environmental heat insulation box 600.

[0069] Regarding the specific structure of the wear testing device, the rectangular hollow load-bearing frame 100 is vertically installed on a horizontal support base through four columns arranged at the four corners of its bottom. The load-bearing frame 100 can also be a cube, prism or other similar supporting shapes. The load-bearing frame 100 is cast as an integral part and is fixed by columns for easy disassembly, assembly and transportation.

[0070] Two cylindrical sample fixtures 101 are arranged symmetrically in the upper and lower parts of the load-bearing frame 100. A preferred structure of the sample fixture 101 is that the sample fixing part 400, the second transition connector and the first transition connector are coaxially stacked and installed in sequence. The adjacent stacked components are positioned by the boss groove structure on the contact surface and locked by the axial bolt. A boss protrudes at the center of the exposed end face of the sample fixing part 400, and an axial through hole is opened on the boss to form a sample installation groove. The sample installation groove is a circular groove with a diameter of 100mm and a groove depth of 4mm. The thickness of the sample installed is 7mm. A double-layer cooling oil flow channel with a continuous "S" shape bend is opened in the second transition connector. The temperature sensor is horizontally installed in the second transition connector outside the cooling oil flow channel and close to the sample installation groove. The positioning pin is installed in the sample fixture 101 from the center of the exposed end face of the first transition connector, and its tail end is in the first transition connector. The threaded section of its head is screwed into the top of the load-bearing frame 100 or the top of the plunger of the loading plunger cylinder. This configuration structure is easy to assemble and facilitate processing.

[0071] The cylinder 204 of the vertical loading cylinder 500 is fixed to the bottom of the frame of the supporting frame 100, and the maximum radial clearance between the plunger and the cylinder 204 is 0.01 mm. A pressure sensor is installed axially at the center of the bottom of the cylinder 204. The vertical clamping loading is realized by the loading plunger cylinder, and the plunger of the loading plunger cylinder vertically extends upward from the cylinder 204. Therefore, there is no need to configure a sealing device between the plunger and the cylinder 204. As long as the matching clearance between the two is reasonably set, the gap sealing can be realized by using the oil film formed by the hydraulic oil in the clearance. Since no additional sealing element is configured, the external force borne by the cylinder 204 is only the reaction force of the clamping load. Therefore, the vertical pressure sensor 102 installed at the center of the bottom of the cylinder 204 can accurately reflect the clamping load.

[0072] Between the upper sample fixture 1011 and the lower sample fixture, a movable rectangular friction plate 103 is horizontally arranged. Figure 3 As shown, the friction plate 103 is formed by stacking and fixing the upper and lower layers of cold-rolled mirror stainless steel plates and the friction plate 103 base located in the interlayer. The cold-rolled mirror stainless steel plate and the friction plate 103 base are fixed as a whole by copper rivets evenly arranged along the circumference, and the outer surface of the copper rivet is flush with or lower than the surface of the cold-rolled mirror stainless steel plate.

[0073] Cold-rolled mirror stainless steel plate is the friction surface material specified in the relevant test standards. A new cold-rolled mirror stainless steel plate must be replaced before each new test. Therefore, the friction plate 103 adopts a three-layer stacked structure, so that only two cold-rolled mirror stainless steel plates need to be replaced each time, and the entire friction plate 103 does not need to be scrapped to control the test cost. The base of the friction plate 103 is made of low-temperature steel material to take advantage of its good tensile strength under low temperature conditions. The connection between the cold-rolled mirror stainless steel plate and the base of the friction plate 103 is fixed as a whole by extrusion deformation of copper rivets.

[0074] A double-layer cooling oil flow channel with a continuous "S"-shaped bend is provided in the base of the friction plate 103, and a temperature sensor is installed in the base of the friction plate 103 outside the cooling oil flow channel, near the cold-rolled mirror stainless steel plate. The inlet of the upper cooling oil flow channel in the friction plate 103 is connected to the outlet of the cooling oil flow channel in the upper sample fixture 1011, and the outlet of the lower cooling oil flow channel is connected to the inlet of the cooling oil flow channel in the lower sample fixture. The upper and lower cooling oil flow channels in the friction plate 103 and the sample fixture 101 are connected to each other. When the cooling oil enters the S-shaped internal flow channel, it can take away the heat generated by friction during the test. The temperature sensor is used to approximately measure the surface temperature of the sample to compare whether the temperature of the sample rises sharply after long-term friction, so as to determine whether it meets the test requirements.

[0075] A connecting groove 1031 is provided on one side of the friction plate 103, and a horizontal push-pull rod 301 is arranged perpendicular to the groove. Figure 3 As shown, the fixing member 400 on the first end 3012 of the push-pull rod 301 matches the connecting groove 1031 , and the fixing member 400 is inserted into the connecting groove 1031 .

[0076] The horizontal driving member 200 cooperates with the horizontal force measuring member 300 to provide reciprocating pushing and pulling forces for the friction plate 103 .

[0077] Taking the use of the device to test the friction performance of the rubber bearing friction plate as an example, during the test, a sample is clamped in the sample installation groove of the upper sample fixture 1011 and the lower sample fixture, and then the friction plate 103 is placed on the sample clamped in the lower sample fixture. The plunger of the vertical loading cylinder 500 is slowly raised under oil pressure, so that the friction plate 103 is clamped between the upper sample fixture 1011 and the lower sample fixture, and the clamping load is guaranteed to be a set value. At this time, the door cover of the environmental insulation box 600 is opened to connect with the outside world, or the temperature and humidity parameters in the environmental insulation box 600 are set, and the test can be started directly at room temperature or under simulated complex working conditions. According to different experimental contents, the horizontal driving member 200 pushes and pulls the friction plate 103 back and forth at a constant speed, a sine waveform speed, a square waveform speed or a triangular waveform speed, and accumulates the friction distance or time according to the regulations to obtain the corresponding test parameters. A high-precision spoke-type sensor is installed on the horizontal force measuring piece 300 of the device, which can directly read the value of the bidirectional push-pull friction force. The acquisition device can collect test data and draw waveforms.

[0078] Specifically, when using the device to perform abrasion performance test, the following steps are performed:

[0079] The first step is to weigh two samples of the same size;

[0080] The second step is to clamp the two samples in the two sample installation grooves respectively, and the plunger of the loading plunger cylinder rises to clamp the friction plate 103 between the two samples, and ensure that the clamping load is a set value;

[0081] The third step is to set the environmental parameters in the environmental heat insulation box 600, and the horizontal driving member 200 pushes and pulls the friction plate 103, and continuously rubs the sample for 30 to 60 days at a specified sinusoidal waveform output speed, and reciprocates and slides the friction sample for a specified cumulative distance;

[0082] The fourth step is to weigh the sample again after unloading, and compare whether the mass difference of the sample before and after the test is within the allowable value range, so as to determine whether the friction loss performance of the sample is qualified.

[0083] In summary, the test system can simulate different working environments to test the initial static friction and sliding friction, wear performance, mechanical properties and cyclic fatigue performance of rubber bearing friction plate samples, and can provide a reference for environmental wear tests of other related materials. The test system has the following advantages: 1. Experiments can be performed directly at room temperature and can also simulate complex working conditions for testing; 2. Vertical gap sealing loading will not affect the accuracy of test data due to the friction of the seal; 3. The S-shaped flow channel inside the friction plate and the sample fixture can promptly take away the heat generated by friction; 4. The device structure is simple and compact, and the production and purchase costs are low.

[0084] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable technicians in this field to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. The patent scope of the present invention cannot be limited only by this embodiment, that is, any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit disclosed by the present invention still fall within the patent scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear test device, It is characterized in that include: A carrying frame (100), wherein two sample clamps (101) are arranged in sequence and spaced apart in a vertical direction, and two adjacent sample clamps (101) move in a manner of approaching and moving away from each other, a vertical pressure sensor (102) is arranged on at least one of the sample clamps (101), and a friction plate (103) is arranged between the two adjacent sample clamps (101); a horizontal driving member (200), the horizontal driving member (200) being connected to the supporting frame (100), the horizontal driving member (200) being provided with an output end (201), the output end (201) being configured to drive the friction plate (103) to move in the axial direction of the output end (201), a horizontal force measuring member (300) being provided between the horizontal driving member (200) and the friction plate (103), the side surface of the friction plate (103) connected to the horizontal force measuring member (300) being a connecting surface; A fixing member (400), the fixing member (400) comprising an axial extension portion (401) and a radial extension portion (402) embedded in the friction plate (103); the horizontal force measuring member (300) extends outwardly along the axial direction of the output end (201) to form the axial extension portion (401); the axial extension portion (401) extends outwardly along the radial direction of the output end (201) to form the radial extension portion (402); the radial extension portion (402) and the connecting surface are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the output end (201); in the radial direction of the output end (201), the cross-sectional dimension of the radial extension portion (402) is not less than the cross-sectional dimension of the axial extension portion (401).

2. A wear test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that In the axial direction of the output end (201), the cross-sectional dimension of the extended end of the radial extension portion (402) is not less than the cross-sectional dimension of the extended start end of the radial extension portion (402).

3. A wear test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The radial extension portion (402) is located at the end of the shaft extension portion (401), and one radial extension portion (402) is respectively provided on both sides of one radial direction of the shaft extension portion (401), and both the shaft extension portion (401) and the radial extension portion (402) are designed in a polygonal column shape.

4. A wear test device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that One side of the horizontal force measuring piece (300) connected to the friction plate (103) extends radially outward to form a reinforcing piece (3011), and the connecting surfaces of the reinforcing piece (3011) and the friction plate (103) are in contact with each other, and the cross-sectional size of the reinforcing piece (3011) gradually increases as it approaches the friction plate (103).

5. A wear test device according to claim 2, It is characterized in that A connecting groove (1031) is provided on one side of the friction plate (103) in the horizontal direction, and a mounting opening (1032) is provided on one radial direction of the horizontal force measuring piece (300). The mounting opening (1032) is communicated with the connecting groove (1031), and a mounting baffle (1033) is detachably mounted on the mounting opening (1032). The inner side of the mounting baffle (1033) and the inner wall of the connecting groove (1031) form a mounting area, and the mounting area matches the fixing piece (400).

6. A wear test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that A guide structure (202) is provided inside the horizontal driving member (200), and the guide structure (202) is configured to constrain the output end (201) to move only along its axial direction; The horizontal driving member (200) is a servo cylinder, and the horizontal driving member (200) comprises a piston rod (203) and a cylinder barrel (204) that are movably connected, one end of the piston rod (203) in the length direction is the output end (201) of the horizontal driving member (200), and the output end (201) is exposed to the outside of the cylinder barrel (204); The guide structure (202) comprises a guide member (2021) and a guide bearing (2022); the guide member (2021) is arranged on the radial outer side of the piston rod (203); a guide portion (2041) is provided on the side wall of the cylinder (204); the guide portion (2041) is arranged along the movable direction of the piston rod (203); and the guide member (2021) is slidably connected to the guide portion (2041) via the guide bearing (2022).

7. A wear test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The horizontal force measuring member (300) comprises: A push-pull rod (301), a horizontal pressure sensor (302) and a sensor transition seat (303), wherein the horizontal pressure sensor (302) is a spoke-type sensor, the push-pull rod (301), the horizontal pressure sensor (302) and the sensor transition seat (303) are sequentially connected between the friction plate (103) and the output end (201), and the cross-sectional size of the sensor transition seat (303) gradually increases in a manner close to the horizontal pressure sensor (302); A first abutment member (304) and a second abutment member (305), the outer side of the push-pull rod (301) extends radially outward to form the first abutment member (304), the horizontal pressure sensor (302) is provided with a first mounting surface (3021) and a second mounting surface (3022) opposite to each other, and a mounting hole (3023) connecting the first mounting surface (3021) and the second mounting surface (3022), the horizontal pressure sensor (302) is sleeved on the outer side of the push-pull rod (301) through the mounting hole (3023), the first abutment member (304) and the horizontal pressure sensor (302) are The push-pull rod (301) is provided with an external thread on the radial outer side near the second end (3013); the second abutment member (305) is an annular second abutment member (305); the second abutment member (305) is movably sleeved on the external thread; the second abutment member (305) and the second mounting surface (3022) of the horizontal pressure sensor (302) are in abutment with each other; the cross-sectional dimensions of the second abutment member (305) and the first abutment member (304) are gradually increased in a manner close to the horizontal pressure sensor (302); An anti-rotation member (306), wherein the anti-rotation member (306) is arranged between the second abutting member (305) and the horizontal pressure sensor (302).

8. A wear test device according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The sensor transition seat (303) includes a wrapping portion (3031) and a connecting portion (3032), wherein the wrapping portion (3031) and the connecting portion (3032) are connected in sequence between the horizontal pressure sensor (302) and the output end (201) of the horizontal driving member (200), and an accommodating cavity is arranged in the wrapping portion (3031), and the anti-rotation member (306) and the second abutting member (305) are both located in the accommodating cavity, wherein the radial outer side surface of the wrapping portion (3031) gradually extends outward in a manner close to the horizontal pressure sensor (302), and in the radial direction of the push-pull rod (301), the outer side surface of the horizontal pressure sensor (302) and the outer side surface of the sensor transition seat (303) are flush with each other.

9. A wear test device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Also includes: A vertical loading cylinder (500) is connected to the supporting frame (100); the sample fixture (101) comprises an upper sample fixture (1011) and a lower sample fixture which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction; the vertical loading cylinder (500) is configured to drive the lower sample fixture to move upward or downward in the vertical direction; the lower sample fixture is connected to the vertical pressure sensor (102); and the vertical pressure sensor (102) is a spoke-type sensor.

10. An abrasion testing device according to claim 1, It is characterized in that Also includes: An environmental heat insulation box (600), wherein the environmental heat insulation box (600) is arranged in the supporting frame (100), the sample fixture (101) and the friction plate (103) are both located in the environmental heat insulation box (600), and the air temperature and air humidity in the environmental heat insulation box (600) are adjustable; A cooler, the cooler is connected to the supporting frame (100), and the cooler is in communication with the environmental heat insulation box (600).

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