Display device and electronic equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses a display device and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of semiconductors. The display device is provided with a display area and a peripheral area, the peripheral area surrounds the display area, and the display device comprises an array substrate, a first electrode and a second electrode, the light sensing unit is located in the peripheral area, and the light sensing unit is arranged on the first surface of the array substrate; the ink layer is arranged on one side, far away from the first surface of the array substrate, of the optical sensing unit; wherein the ink layer is provided with a groove corresponding to the light sensing unit, and the projection of the edge of the groove on the array substrate is located on the outer side of the light sensing unit. According to the technical scheme of the invention, the accuracy of the light sensing unit for carrying out illumination detection on the external ambient light under a large visual angle can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of semiconductor technology, and in particular, relates to a display device and an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] The liquid crystal module in the liquid crystal display device does not emit light, but relies on the backlight module behind the display module to emit light as a light source to complete the display function. At present, small-sized liquid crystal display devices on the market (such as mobile phones and tablets) have integrated light sensing units in the peripheral area of ​​the display module, and the liquid crystal display device adjusts the brightness of the liquid crystal display panel according to the external ambient light illumination detected in real time by the light sensing unit.

[0003] In a liquid crystal display device, the light generated by the backlight module is evenly distributed to the entire liquid crystal display panel through the light guide plate. Since the backlight module emits light at various angles, light leakage is likely to occur in the peripheral area. Therefore, an ink layer can be provided in the peripheral area to block the light leakage.

[0004] Since the light sensing unit and the ink layer are arranged in parallel in different layers in the peripheral area, when the light sensing unit in the related art detects the illumination of the external ambient light at a wide viewing angle, there will be a problem of inaccurate illumination detection of the external ambient light at a wide viewing angle due to being blocked by the ink layer. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a display device and an electronic device, aiming to improve the accuracy of illumination detection of external ambient light by a light sensing unit at a large viewing angle.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a display device having a display area and a peripheral area, wherein the peripheral area surrounds the display area, and the display device comprises:

[0007] An array substrate;

[0008] A light sensing unit, the light sensing unit is located in the peripheral area, and the light sensing unit is arranged on the first surface of the array substrate;

[0009] An ink layer disposed in the peripheral area, the ink layer being disposed on a side of the light sensing unit away from the first surface of the array substrate;

[0010] Wherein, a groove corresponding to the light sensing unit is arranged on the ink layer, and the projection of the edge of the groove on the array substrate is located outside the light sensing unit.

[0011] In some embodiments, at least a portion of the light sensing unit is located within a projection range of the groove on the array substrate.

[0012] In some embodiments, the light sensing unit includes at least one light sensor, and the grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the light sensing units, or the grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the light sensors.

[0013] In some embodiments, the display device further comprises:

[0014] The cover plate has an ink layer disposed in a peripheral area of ​​the cover plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the display device further comprises:

[0016] A black matrix layer, wherein the black matrix layer is arranged on a side of the optical sensor away from the array substrate;

[0017] Wherein, the black matrix layer is provided with light-transmitting holes, and the light-transmitting holes are used to transmit external ambient light to the light sensor.

[0018] In some embodiments, the display device further comprises:

[0019] A color filter substrate is arranged opposite to the array substrate, and the black matrix layer is arranged on a side of the color filter substrate close to the array substrate.

[0020] In some embodiments, the light sensor includes a light-sensing portion, which is used to sense external ambient light and generate an electrical signal;

[0021] The projection of the light-transmitting hole on the array substrate covers the light-sensing portion.

[0022] In some embodiments, the light sensor includes a detection thin film transistor, and a size of the light-transmitting hole is larger than a channel size of the detection thin film transistor.

[0023] In some embodiments, the size of the light-transmitting hole is determined according to the channel size of the detection thin film transistor, the cell thickness between the array substrate and the color film substrate, and the incident angle of the ambient light.

[0024] In some embodiments, the size of the light-transmitting hole is determined according to the channel size of the detection thin film transistor, the box thickness between the array substrate and the color filter substrate, the incident angle of the ambient light, and the alignment accuracy.

[0025] In some embodiments, the display device further comprises:

[0026] A backlight module, arranged on a side of the array substrate away from the first surface;

[0027] A light shielding layer is disposed between the array substrate and the backlight module, and is used to block the light from the backlight module from being transmitted to the light sensor.

[0028] In some embodiments, the light shielding layer is disposed on a second surface of the array substrate, and the second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface.

[0029] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the light shielding layer on the array substrate covers the orthographic projection of the light sensor on the array substrate.

[0030] If the light sensing unit includes at least one light sensor, the light shielding layer and the light sensing unit are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, or the light shielding layer and the light sensor are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0031] In the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, a groove corresponding to the light sensing unit is provided on the ink layer, and the projection of the edge of the groove on the array substrate is located on the outside of the light sensing unit, so that the distance between the projection of the edge of the ink layer on the array substrate and the light sensing unit can be increased, thereby enabling the light sensing unit to more accurately detect the external ambient light illumination at a wide viewing angle without increasing the size of the peripheral area, thereby optimizing the screen brightness adjustment of the display device based on the external ambient light illumination, saving energy, and improving the user's visual experience in various usage scenarios.

[0032] On the other hand, the present application provides an electronic device, including the display device mentioned in any of the above embodiments, having the same technical effect as the above display device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0034] Figure 1A A structural schematic diagram of a display device provided in the related art.

[0035] Figure 1B A schematic structural diagram of another display device provided in the related art.

[0036] Figure 2 for Figure 1A A schematic diagram of the positional relationship among a display area, a light sensing unit and an ink layer in a display device is provided.

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a solution for testing the viewing angle of ambient light of a display device provided in the related art.

[0038] Figure 4 A partial structural schematic diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the positions of a light sensing unit and an ink layer in the illustrated embodiment.

[0040] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the positions of the light sensing unit and the ink layer in the illustrated embodiment.

[0041] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an illumination-viewing angle variation curve of a display device provided for related technology.

[0042] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an illumination-viewing angle variation curve of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Fig. 9 A partial structural schematic diagram of another display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of another display device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a portion of the structure of a light sensing unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of the light sensing unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a curve showing the effect of different ambient light intensities on a light sensing unit provided in some embodiments.

[0048] Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a curve showing the effect of different backlight brightness on a light sensing unit provided in some embodiments.

[0049] Fig.15 A schematic diagram of a curve showing the effect of ambient light illumination on a light sensing unit under different backlight brightness provided in some embodiments.

[0050] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of a curve showing the effect of ambient light illumination on a light sensing unit at different backlight brightnesses after a correction coefficient is introduced in some embodiments.

[0051] Figures 17 to 19 A schematic diagram of the relationship between different correction coefficients and burn-in value curves provided in some embodiments.

[0052] Figure 20 to Figure 21 A schematic diagram of the relationship between a sensitivity curve and a burn-in value curve of a display device provided with a light shielding layer according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0053] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The following will be combined with the accompanying drawings to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in some embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided by the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0055] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprising" is to be construed in an open, inclusive sense, ie, meaning "including, but not limited to."

[0056] In the following, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

[0057] When describing some embodiments, the term "connection" and its derivative expressions may be used. The term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For example, when describing some embodiments, the term "connection" may be used to indicate that two or more components are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other.

[0058] Additionally, the use of “based on” is meant to be open and inclusive, as a process, step, calculation, or other action “based on” one or more stated conditions or values ​​may, in practice, be based on additional conditions or values ​​beyond those stated.

[0059] It will be understood that when a layer or an element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can be directly on the other layer or substrate, or intervening layers may be present between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.

[0060] Exemplary embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional views that are idealized exemplary drawings. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and the area of ​​regions are exaggerated for clarity. Therefore, variations in shape relative to the drawings due to, for example, manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances are conceivable. Therefore, the exemplary embodiments should not be interpreted as being limited to the shapes of the regions shown herein, but include deviations in shape due to, for example, manufacturing. Therefore, the regions shown in the drawings are schematic in nature, and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shape of regions of the device, and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

[0061] Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as limiting the present application.

[0062] Figure 1A and Figure 1B A schematic diagram of the structure of a display device provided for related technology, Figure 2 for Figure 1A A schematic diagram of the positional relationship between the display area, the light sensing unit and the ink layer in the display device provided is shown in FIG. Figure 1A , Figure 1B and Figure 2 As shown, the display device in the related art has a peripheral area SA surrounding the display area AA, and the display device includes a light sensing unit LS and an ink layer VA arranged in the peripheral area SA, wherein the light sensing unit LS can be arranged on the array substrate 101.

[0063] Furthermore, the display device further includes a color filter substrate 102 disposed opposite to the array substrate 101 , and a backlight module 2 . The backlight module 2 is a module for realizing backlight illumination, and the backlight module 2 may include a backlight source.

[0064] like Figure 1A As shown, the backlight module 2 is arranged on a side of the array substrate 101 away from the color filter substrate 102, the light sensing unit LS is located between the color filter substrate 102 and the array substrate 101, and can be arranged on the first surface 1010 of the array substrate 101, and the ink layer VA is arranged on a side of the light sensing unit LC away from the first surface of the array substrate 101, and the ink layer VA is located in the peripheral area SA and surrounds the display area AA. In this arrangement, the display device can cover the light leakage generated by the backlight source in all directions through the ink layer VA.

[0065] However, when external ambient light is irradiated onto the display device, since the ink layer VA has a shading effect, when the incident angle of the external ambient light is too large, the light sensing unit LS will not receive the external ambient light, thereby affecting the light sensing unit LS from accurately detecting the ambient light illumination under different lighting conditions.

[0066] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a display device for testing the incident angle of external ambient light provided in the related art, such as Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments, the display device further includes a cover plate 10 and an upper polarizer 8, wherein the cover plate 10 may be a glass cover plate or other transparent materials, and is used to protect the color filter substrate 102, etc. The upper polarizer 8 is disposed on a side of the color filter substrate 102 away from the array substrate 101, and the upper polarizer 8 is bonded and fixed to the ink layer VA by an optically clear adhesive 9 (OCA).

[0067] According to the Fresnel refraction formula, assuming:

[0068] The incident angle of the external ambient light is θ1, θ2 is the refraction angle of θ1 passing through the cover plate 10, θ3 is the refraction angle of θ2 passing through the optical glue 9, θ4 is the refraction angle of θ3 passing through the upper polarizer 8, and θ5 is the refraction angle of θ4 passing through the color film substrate 102;

[0069] The refractive indexes of the cover plate 10 , the optical adhesive 9 , the upper polarizer 8 , and the color filter substrate 102 are n1 , n2 , n3 , and n4 , respectively. n5 is the refractive index between the color filter substrate and the array substrate.

[0070] The thicknesses of the cover plate 10 , the optical adhesive 9 , the upper polarizer 8 , and the color filter substrate 102 (in the embodiment of the present application, the thickness direction is the direction from the cover plate 10 to the array substrate 101 ) are T1 , T2 , T3 , and T4 , respectively.

[0071] In the embodiment of the present application, the distance from the ink layer VA to the light sensing unit LS is calculated. First, according to the law of light refraction, the following formula can be obtained:

[0072] n1 sinθ1=n2 sinθ2

[0073]

[0074] Combining the two equations, we can get the displacement x1 when the first refraction occurs:

[0075]

[0076] Similarly, the displacements x2, x3 and x4 for the second, third and fourth refractions can be obtained:

[0077]

[0078] According to the above calculation formula, if Figure 3 As shown, when the light sensing unit LS needs to detect the external ambient light illumination at a large viewing angle (external ambient light incident angle θ1), the shortest distance from the ink layer VA to the light sensing unit LS is X=x1+x2+x3+x4.

[0079] When the distance between the light sensing unit LS and the ink layer VA is smaller than the above-mentioned shortest distance X, the external ambient light will be blocked from shining on the light sensing unit, resulting in a large deviation in the external ambient light illumination value detected by the light sensing unit LS in the display device, and the external ambient light illumination cannot be accurately detected.

[0080] In this setting, if the light sensing unit LS is to accurately detect the illumination of the external ambient light, it is necessary to ensure the shortest distance X from the ink layer VA to the light sensing unit LS, which will increase the size of the peripheral area and cause the frame size of the display device to increase. This setting will reduce the screen ratio of the display device and affect the user experience.

[0081] In addition, in the display device provided by the related art, when the light sensing unit LS is working, the light sensing unit LS is not only affected by the external ambient light, but also by the backlight module 2. Since the light emitted by the backlight module 2 directly irradiates the light sensing unit LS, it will also affect the light sensing unit LS's detection accuracy of the external ambient light illumination, thereby causing the problem of inaccurate reporting points under low ambient light illumination. The embodiments of the present application provide corresponding solutions to the above problems, and the specifics can be referred to the introduction in the subsequent embodiments.

[0082] Figure 4 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the positions of a light sensing unit and an ink layer in the embodiment shown in FIG. Figure 4 As shown, the display device has a display area AA and a peripheral area SA, and the peripheral area SA surrounds the display area AA.

[0083] The display device includes an array substrate 101 , a light sensing unit LS, and an ink layer VA disposed in a peripheral area SA. The light sensing unit LS is located in the peripheral area SA, and the light sensing unit LS is disposed on a first surface 1010 of the array substrate 101 .

[0084] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the ink layer VA is arranged on the side of the light sensing unit LS away from the first surface 1010 of the array substrate 101, and a groove M corresponding to the light sensing unit LS is arranged on the ink layer VA, and the projection of the edge of the groove M on the array substrate is located outside the light sensing unit. Specifically, the outside here refers to the extension direction of the edge of the groove M formed in the connection direction from the display area AA to the light sensing unit LS.

[0085] Compared with the display device in the related art, Figure 4 and Figure 5The display device provided in the illustrated embodiment can, while keeping the distance between the display area AA and the light sensing unit LS unchanged (Y1=Y), be equivalent to increasing the distance X1 between the projection of the edge of the ink layer VA on the array substrate 101 and the light sensing unit LS (that is, X1>X), thereby ensuring that sufficient external ambient light is still transmitted to the light sensing unit LS at a wide viewing angle, and further enabling the light sensing unit LS to more accurately detect the external ambient light illumination at a wide viewing angle without increasing the size of the peripheral area.

[0086] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Another schematic diagram of the positions of the light sensing unit and the ink layer in the embodiment shown is as follows: Figure 6 As shown, in the embodiment of the present application, at least a portion of the light sensing unit LS of the display device is located within the projection range of the groove M on the array substrate 101 .

[0087] Compared with the display device in the related art, this arrangement mode, by arranging the groove M on the ink layer VA, and then accommodating at least part of the light sensing unit LS within the projection range of the groove M on the array substrate 101, so that there is a certain overlap area between the two, compared with arranging the two side by side in the peripheral area SA, the size of the peripheral area required for the two can be significantly reduced. That is, if Figure 6 As shown, in the display device provided in the present application, the size of the peripheral area and the frame size of the display device can be reduced by reducing the distance Y2 between the light sensing unit LS and the display area AA (where Y2<Y1<Y, Y1=Y), thereby obtaining a display device with a narrow frame.

[0088] Of course, this setting method of the display device can not only adapt to the needs of the light sensing unit LS to perform wide-angle detection, but also enable the light sensing unit LS to more accurately detect ambient light illumination under different lighting conditions and wide angles, thereby optimizing screen brightness adjustment, saving energy, and improving the user's visual experience in various usage scenarios.

[0089] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a display device illumination-viewing angle variation curve provided for related technology, such as Figure 7 As shown, for example, in a specific embodiment, respectively as Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in the display devices provided in the related art and the present application, while keeping the frame size of the display device constant (the frame of the display devices provided in the related art and the present application is the same), the following conditions are satisfied: X1>X, Y1=Y.

[0090] Among them, Figure 7In the related art, the corresponding values ​​of the detection viewing angle (incident angle of external ambient light) of the display device and the illuminance of the external ambient light are shown in Table 1 below:

[0091] Table 1: Detection viewing angle and external ambient light illumination of display devices in related art

[0092] Detection angle External ambient light illumination -60° 119 -55° 144 -50° 177 -45° 212 -40° 251 -35° 275 -30° 297 -25° 307 -20° 316 -15° 323 -10° 335 -5° 342 0° 339 5° 332 10° 327 15° 319 20° 316 25° 308 30° 264 35° 157 40° 58 45° 18 50° 16 55° 15 60° 14

[0093] It should be noted that in this experiment, the distance X from the ink layer VA to the light sensing unit LS of the display device in the related art is approximately 0.17 mm; the thicknesses T1, T2, T3, and T4 of the cover plate 10, the optical glue 9, the upper polarizing plate 8, and the color film substrate 102 are approximately 0.7 mm, 0.175 mm, 0.096 mm, and 0.2 mm, respectively.

[0094] The incident angle of the external ambient light calculated according to the above formula is approximately 32°, and the calculated result is consistent with the measured result.

[0095] Depend on Figure 7 It can be seen from Table 1 that when the incident angle of the external ambient light is ≥35°, the illuminance data curve of the external ambient light collected by the display device in the related art has an obvious downward trend.

[0096] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of an illumination-viewing angle variation curve of a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown, in the display devices provided in the related art and the present application, while keeping the frame size of the display device constant (the frame of the display devices provided in the related art and the present application is the same), the following conditions are satisfied: X1>X, Y1=Y.

[0097] The corresponding values ​​of the detection viewing angle (incident angle of external ambient light) and the illuminance of external ambient light of the display device provided in the present application are shown in Table 2 below:

[0098] Table 2: Detection viewing angle and external ambient light illumination of the display device in the embodiment of the present application

[0099]

[0100]

[0101] Depend on Figure 8 As can be seen from Table 2, the display device provided by the present application, compared with the display device provided by the related art, has a substantially symmetrical attenuation curve of the illumination data of the external ambient light at the same detection viewing angle, without obvious attenuation.

[0102] It can be inferred from this that in the display device provided by the related art, when the incident angle of the external ambient light is ≥35°, the ink layer VA will affect the light sensing unit LS from receiving the external ambient light, thereby affecting the light sensing unit LS from accurately detecting the external ambient light illumination at a large viewing angle. However, since the ink layer VA in the display device provided by the present application is provided with a groove M, the display device provided by the present application can accurately detect the external ambient light illumination when the incident angle of the external ambient light is ≥35°.

[0103] It should be noted that when the incident angle of the external ambient light is in the range of [-60°, 35°], since the peripheral area and the display area where the ink layer is not set do not hinder the entry of the external ambient light, the related technology and the display device provided in the present application can accurately detect the illumination of the external ambient light within this viewing angle range.

[0104] It should be noted that by properly setting Figure 6 In the embodiment, the distance between the ink layer VA, the light sensing unit LS and the display area AA in the display device (that is, the range of X2 and Y2 is reasonably set) can also adapt to the need of the light sensing unit to perform wide viewing angle detection, and enable the light sensing unit LS to more accurately detect the external ambient light illumination under different lighting conditions, thereby optimizing the screen brightness adjustment of the display device, saving energy, and improving the user's visual experience in various usage scenarios.

[0105] In some embodiments, Figure 4 As shown, the display device includes a cover plate 10, and an ink layer VA is disposed in a peripheral area SA of the cover plate 10. Specifically, the ink layer VA is disposed on a side of the cover plate 10 close to the array substrate 101. In a specific example, the ink layer VA can be coated on the cover plate 10 located in the peripheral area SA.

[0106] In some embodiments, the light sensing unit LS includes at least one light sensor. For example, in a specific embodiment, the light sensing unit LS of the display device includes two groups of light sensors, wherein the first group of light sensors includes a red light sensor and a blue light sensor, and the second group of light sensors includes a green light sensor and a black light sensor. The red light sensor and the blue light sensor are symmetrically arranged on the first surface 1010 of the array substrate 101; the green light sensor and the black sensor are symmetrically arranged on the first surface 1010 of the array substrate 101.

[0107] In some embodiments, for the case where the above-mentioned light sensing unit LS includes one or more light sensors, especially when the light sensing unit includes multiple light sensors, the above-mentioned grooves M can be set one-to-one with the light sensing units LS, or the above-mentioned grooves M can be set one-to-one with the light sensors. Regardless of which setting method is used, the technical effects recorded in the above-mentioned embodiments can be achieved.

[0108] In some embodiments, in addition to the above-mentioned ink layer affecting the light sensing unit LS in detecting the external ambient light intensity at a large viewing angle, the black matrix layer may also affect the detection of the external ambient light intensity. Corresponding solutions are also provided in the embodiments of the present application. Fig. 9 A partial structural diagram of another display device provided in an embodiment of the present application, such as Fig. 9 As shown, in some embodiments, the display device further includes a black matrix layer BM, and the black matrix layer BM is disposed on a side of the light sensor LS away from the array substrate 101. Further, in the embodiment of the present application, in order to prevent the black matrix layer from blocking the light sensor LS, a light-transmitting hole V may be disposed on the black matrix layer BM, so that the light-transmitting hole V is used to transmit the external ambient light to the light sensor LS.

[0109] In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the black matrix layer BM is arranged on the side of the light sensor LS away from the array substrate 101 and is formed with a light-transmitting hole V. It can be specifically arranged in the peripheral area SA and can be an integrated structure with the black matrix layer BM of the display area AA, and the black matrix layer BM of the peripheral area SA is formed synchronously with the black matrix layer BM of the display area AA.

[0110] In some embodiments, the display device may further include a color filter substrate 102 , and the color filter substrate 102 is disposed opposite to the array substrate, and the black matrix layer BM is disposed on a side of the color filter substrate 102 close to the array substrate 101 .

[0111] In some embodiments, each light sensor LS generally includes a photosensitive portion Q, which is used to sense external ambient light and generate an electrical signal. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present application, the projection of the light-transmitting hole V on the array substrate 101 can be set to cover the above-mentioned photosensitive portion Q. This setting method can make the external ambient light irradiate the photosensitive portion Q of the light sensing unit LS, so that the light sensing unit LS can detect the external ambient light more accurately.

[0112] The optical sensor in the embodiment of the present application can be of various types, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, such as Fig.11As shown, the light sensor includes a detection thin film transistor TFT. The detection thin film transistor TFT mainly utilizes the light sensitivity of the semiconductor material in its channel. When irradiated with light, it will excite electron-hole pairs, thereby changing the conductivity of the semiconductor material, so it can be used as a light sensor. The detection thin film transistor TFT in the embodiment of the present application is arranged on the array substrate 101, and the size of the light-transmitting hole V is greater than or equal to the channel size of the detection thin film transistor TFT, so as to fully expose the photosensitive area of ​​the detection thin film transistor TFT.

[0113] Furthermore, the size of the light-transmitting hole V can be determined according to the channel size L of the detection thin film transistor TFT, the cell thickness A between the array substrate 101 and the color filter substrate 102 , and the incident angle of the ambient light.

[0114] It should be noted that the incident angle of ambient light here refers to the incident angle of external ambient light when it is refracted on the lower surface of the color filter substrate, which can be represented by θ1, and the refractive index of the color filter substrate is n1; when it enters the liquid crystal box between the color filter substrate 102 and the array substrate 101 after refraction, the refraction angle is θ2, and the refractive index in the liquid crystal box is n2. At this time, the relationship between the incident angle θ1 and the refraction angle θ2 can be determined according to the following formula

[0115] n1sinθ1=n2sinθ2

[0116]

[0117] At this time, considering that the thickness of each film layer of the detection thin film transistor manufactured on the array substrate can be ignored relative to the box thickness A, therefore, the projection of the edge of the light transmission hole V on the array substrate and the distance B from the channel edge of the detection thin film transistor can be approximately B=Atanθ2, where A is the box thickness between the array substrate 101 and the color filter substrate 102, and L is the channel size of the detection thin film transistor TFT. In this case, the size D of the light transmission hole V can be:

[0118] D is greater than or equal to L+2B.

[0119] In some embodiments, considering the alignment deviation C between the array substrate 101 and the color filter substrate 102 during the manufacturing process, the size D of V can be set to:

[0120] D is greater than or equal to L+2B+2C

[0121] In this way, even if there is a misalignment, it can still be ensured that the black matrix will not block the light sensor set on the array substrate. In the embodiment of the present application, the shape of the light-transmitting hole V and the detection thin film transistor TFT can be various shapes, and their shapes can usually be consistent. As for the size of the light-transmitting hole V and the size of the detection thin film transistor TFT, it can be the size of the device in a plane parallel to the array substrate. Depending on the shape, it can include length, width or diameter, etc., but in any corresponding direction, its size satisfies the above relationship, thereby ensuring that the light sensing unit LS can detect the external ambient light intensity with a large viewing angle.

[0122] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of another display device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Fig.10 As shown, in some embodiments, the display device also includes a backlight module 2, which is arranged on a side of the array substrate 101 away from the first surface 1010, and in order to prevent the light sensing unit LS from being affected by the light emitted by the backlight module 2, a shading layer 3 can be further arranged, and the shading layer 3 is arranged between the array substrate 101 and the backlight module 2 to block the light from the backlight module 2 from being transmitted to the light sensing unit LS.

[0123] Specifically, when the light sensing unit LS is working, the light sensing unit LS may be affected not only by the external ambient light, but also by the backlight module 2. When the light emitted by the backlight module 2 directly irradiates the light sensing unit LS, it will affect the detection accuracy of the light sensing unit LS for the external ambient light, thus causing the problem of inaccurate low illumination reporting.

[0124] Therefore, the display device provided in the present application can block the light from the backlight module 2 from irradiating to the light sensor LS by setting a shading layer 3 between the array substrate 101 and the backlight module 2, thereby avoiding or weakening the light emitted by the backlight module 2 directly irradiating to the light sensing unit LS, thereby avoiding or weakening the problem of inaccurate reporting of the light sensing unit LS under low illumination.

[0125] In some embodiments, the light-shielding layer 3 can be set on the second surface 1011 of the array substrate 101, and the second surface 1011 is arranged relative to the first surface 1010, so that the light-shielding layer 3 and the light sensing unit LS can be synchronously manufactured on the array substrate, which is convenient for setting the relative positions of the light-shielding layer 3 and the light sensing unit LS, so that the light-shielding layer 3 can perform light shielding well. Compared with setting the two on different components, it is necessary to consider the subsequent alignment accuracy of different components, which can better ensure the positional relationship between the two and improve the shielding effect.

[0126] In some embodiments, the orthographic projection of the light shielding layer 3 on the array substrate 101 covers the orthographic projection of the light sensing unit LS on the array substrate 101. In this configuration, the light shielding layer 3 can completely shield the light emitted by the backlight module 2, preventing the light emitted by the backlight module from directly irradiating the light sensing unit LS, thereby affecting the accuracy of the light sensing unit LS in reporting points under low illumination.

[0127] In the embodiment of the present application, as described in the above embodiment, the light sensing unit LS may include at least one light sensor, that is, it may include one or more light sensors. In the embodiment of the present application, it can be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence between the shading layer 3 and the light sensing unit LS, or it can be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence between the shading layer 3 and the light sensor. Both of them can block the light emitted by the backlight module and avoid the problem of inaccurate reporting of the light sensing unit LS under low illumination.

[0128] In some embodiments, the backlight module 2 further includes a lower polarizing plate 4 and a protective layer 5 , wherein the protective layer 5 is used to protect the array substrate 101 from damage.

[0129] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the working principle of the optical sensing unit provided in the embodiment of the present application, Fig.12 Schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a light sensor in a light sensing unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0130] like Fig.11 As shown, W and O are two light sensors, wherein W receives both the external ambient light and the light emitted by the backlight module, while O does not receive the external ambient light due to being blocked, but only receives the light emitted by the backlight module. As described in the above embodiment, the above light sensor may be a detection thin film transistor TFT.

[0131] like Fig.12 As shown, the output terminal output of the control chip can be electrically connected to the source (Source) and the gate (Gate) of the detection thin film transistor TFT, and the input terminal input can be electrically connected to the drain (Drain), so as to output control signals to the source and the gate respectively through the output terminal, and obtain the leakage current of the drain of the detection thin film transistor TFT through the input terminal. The above control chip can be a touch and display driver integration (Touch and Display Driver Integration, referred to as: TDDI) chip.

[0132] In one example, when the light sensor O is working normally, the control chip can provide a ground signal to the gate and a square wave signal with a duty cycle of 40% to the source, wherein the duty cycle is selected to prevent the detection thin film transistor TFT from being polarized. The high level value of the square wave signal is 19V. As the external ambient light intensity increases, the equivalent resistance RDS between the source and drain of the detection thin film transistor TFT will gradually decrease, thereby increasing the drain current. The control chip detects Fig.12 The magnitude of the leakage current is determined by the potential of the ground resistor R close to the input terminal, and then the magnitude of the current external ambient light illumination is determined.

[0133] Furthermore, the values ​​G / G0 / D / D0 are selected, where G represents the real-time leakage current on the light sensor W, G0 represents the leakage current on the light sensor W when the backlight is turned off and the external ambient light illumination is 0 lux; D and D0 represent the above two values ​​on the light sensor O respectively.

[0134] At this time, ΔG=G-G0 is the change in leakage current of G under the combined effect of backlight and external ambient light; ΔD=D-D0 is the change in leakage current of D under the effect of backlight, because for the light sensor O, the change in the illumination of the external ambient light basically does not affect the leakage current of the light sensor O.

[0135] It should be noted that the original values ​​(Rawdata values) collected by the control chip from the optical sensor O are used for illustration in the embodiment of the present application. The above-mentioned Rawdata values ​​refer to the original data output from the optical sensor O without further processing or interpretation. These data in the embodiment of the present application refer to the digital signals directly converted from the light source signal captured by the optical sensor O, for example, they can be represented by the potential value of the above-mentioned resistance to ground.

[0136] Fig.13 A schematic diagram of a curve showing the influence of different ambient light illuminations on the original values ​​collected by the light sensor O provided in some embodiments, Fig.14 A schematic diagram of a curve showing the influence of different backlight brightness on the raw data collected by the light sensor O provided in some embodiments. Fig.13 and Fig.14 , it can be seen that in Fig.13 In the example, since the front of the light sensor O is blocked, the ambient light has little effect on the raw data (Rawdata value) collected by the light sensor O. Fig.14 It can be seen that the backlight brightness has a greater impact on the raw data (Rawdata value) collected on the light sensor O. Fig.14 The horizontal axis in is the backlight current. The larger the backlight current, the greater the backlight brightness.

[0137] In the embodiment of the present application, the parameter ΔG-ΔD may be selected to represent the influence of external ambient light on the leakage current of the light sensor.

[0138] Fig.15 The following is a schematic diagram of a curve showing the effect of external ambient light illumination on a light sensing unit under different backlight brightness provided in some embodiments, such as Fig.15 As shown, the curve of ΔG-ΔD changing with external light intensity in the backlight off state is selected as the burn-in value curve. Then, as the backlight brightness increases, the leakage current increases, and the curve of ΔG-ΔD changing with external light intensity gradually deviates from the burn-in value curve. And the backlight brightness can be determined according to the backlight current, so, Fig.15 The corresponding backlight brightness when the backlight currents shown in the figure are 1mA, 3mA, 5mA, 7mA, 10mA, 12mA, 15mA, 17mA, 20mA, 22mA and 25mA respectively.

[0139] Since there are many possible backlight brightness conditions in the display device 1, it is time-consuming and labor-intensive to burn all the curves of ΔG-ΔD changing with external light illumination under all backlight brightness conditions into the TDDI control chip. Therefore, the parameter ΔG-ΔD can be selected to be corrected so that the curve of ΔG-ΔD changing with external light illumination under different backlight brightness conditions is fitted to a state that is basically coincident with the burned-in value curve.

[0140] Fig.16 A schematic diagram of a curve showing the effect of ambient light illumination on a light sensing unit at different backlight brightnesses after a correction coefficient is introduced in some embodiments, such as Fig.16 As shown, in some embodiments, the parameter ΔG-BΔD can be obtained by introducing a backlight correction coefficient B, so that the curve of ΔG-BΔD changing with the external ambient light illumination under different backlight brightness conditions coincides with the burn-in value curve. This correction method by introducing the backlight correction coefficient B can make the control chip of the display device 1 only need to burn in the function of the burn-in value curve to cope with the curve of ΔG-ΔD changing with the external ambient light illumination under different backlight brightness conditions.

[0141] Figures 17 to 19 A schematic diagram of the relationship between different correction coefficients and burn-in value curves provided in some embodiments, Fig.17 It can be seen that when the correction coefficient B takes an appropriate value, the curve of ΔG-BΔD changing with the external ambient light illumination under different backlight brightness conditions approximately coincides with the burn-in value curve.

[0142] It can be seen that under different backlight brightness conditions, the value of the correction coefficient B will be different as the external ambient light illumination is different.

[0143] Depend on Fig.18 and Fig.19By comparison, it can be seen that when the correction coefficient B is 1, the overlap between the curve of ΔG-BΔD changing with the external ambient light illumination under different backlight brightness conditions and the burn-in value curve is lower than the overlap between the curve of ΔG-BΔD changing with the external ambient light illumination under different backlight brightness conditions and the burn-in value curve when the correction coefficient B is 0.3.

[0144] Specifically, Fig.18 and Fig.19 As shown: when the correction coefficient B = 1, when the change in Rawdata caused by external ambient light is E>5lux, the measured value is smaller than the burned-in value; when the correction coefficient B = 0.3, when the change in Rawdata caused by external ambient light is E<5lux, the measured value is larger than the burned-in value.

[0145] It can be seen that this detection method requires real-time adjustment of the correction coefficient B according to the external ambient light intensity.

[0146] Furthermore, in one example, a backlight correction coefficient B is used in the full illumination section:

[0147] ΔG=G-G0=G blu +G re +G E ;

[0148] ΔD=D-D0=D blu +D re +D E ;

[0149] Among them, G blu and D blu G is the change in Rawdata in the light sensor caused by the direct light emitted by the backlight module; re and D re Represents the change in Rawdata in the light sensor caused by the refracted light of the backlight module; G E and D E Represents the change in Rawdata in the light sensor caused by external ambient light.

[0150] It should be noted that the measured data shows that the Rawdata of the optical sensor does not change with the changes in the external ambient light illumination, especially in low illumination conditions. E Take 0, D E Take 0.

[0151] Therefore, when the backlight module of the display device 1 is in the off state, G blu and G re and D blu and D re The value of is 0. At this time, for the burning value curve: ΔG-BΔD=G E ;

[0152] When a light shielding layer is provided in the display device 1 to shield the backlight module from irradiating the light sensing unit, D blu , G blu The approximate value of is 0, but G re and D re There is a non-negligible difference in the luminous flux of the light refracted to the light sensor G and the light sensor O after passing through the color filter layer and the black matrix layer BM.

[0153] At this time, assuming that G re =kD re , then, ΔG-BΔD=GE.

[0154] When the display device 1 is not provided with a light shielding layer, due to D blu , G blu The influence of cannot be ignored, and the back of the G sensor and the D sensor are wired with the same material, so ΔG-kΔD=G E +G blu -BD blu .

[0155] In summary, when a light shielding layer is set in the display device 1 to block the backlight module from irradiating the light sensing unit, the illuminance value curve after processing basically coincides with the burn-in value curve. For the curve without a light shielding layer in the display device 1, the illuminance value curve will have an additional "G" than the burn-in value curve. blu -BD blu Therefore, the theoretically calculated illumination value curve will be higher than the burning value curve.

[0156] For example, Figure 20 to Figure 21 A schematic diagram comparing an illumination curve and a burning curve of a display device with and without a light shielding layer provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. Figure 20 to Figure 21 As shown, L1 is the burning value curve, L2 is the illumination change curve detected by the display device without a shading layer, and L3 is the illumination change curve detected by the display device with a shading layer.

[0157] Table 3: Illuminance error table of display devices with and without shading layer

[0158]

[0159] It should be noted that the gray data in Table 3 are data that do not meet the pre-set external environment light illumination detection, and the error range is: ≤10lux@±2lux; >10lux@±15%).

[0160] It can be seen from Table 3 that the display device 1 provided with the light shielding layer 3 provided in the embodiment of the present application can significantly increase the accuracy of calculating the ambient light illumination under low illumination.

[0161] The present application also provides an electronic device, and the electronic device 100 includes the display device 1 in the above embodiment.

[0162] In some embodiments, the display device 1 further includes a flexible circuit board FPC, one end of which is connected to the display panel, and the other end of which can be connected to a driving circuit board (not shown), so as to transmit a driving signal of the driving circuit board to the display panel.

[0163] In some embodiments, the display device 1 provided in the present application can be any product or component with a display function, such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a television, a monitor, a laptop computer, a digital photo frame, a navigator, etc. The implementation of the electronic device 100 can refer to the above-mentioned embodiment of the display device 1, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0164] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that a person skilled in the art can think of within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A display device, comprising a display area and a peripheral area, wherein the peripheral area surrounds the display area, wherein: The display device comprises: An array substrate; A light sensing unit, the light sensing unit is located in the peripheral area, and the light sensing unit is arranged on the first surface of the array substrate; An ink layer disposed in the peripheral area, wherein the ink layer is disposed on a side of the light sensing unit away from the first surface of the array substrate; Wherein, a groove corresponding to the light sensing unit is arranged on the ink layer, and a projection of an edge of the groove on the array substrate is located outside the light sensing unit.

2. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that At least a portion of the light sensing unit is located within a projection range of the groove on the array substrate.

3. The display device according to claim 2, characterized in that The light sensing unit includes at least one light sensor, and the grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the light sensing units, or the grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the light sensors.

4. The display device according to claim 1, characterized in that The display device further includes: The cover plate, the ink layer is arranged in the peripheral area of ​​the cover plate.

5. The display device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Also includes: A black matrix layer, wherein the black matrix layer is arranged on a side of the optical sensor away from the array substrate; Wherein, the black matrix layer is provided with light-transmitting holes, and the light-transmitting holes are used to transmit external ambient light to the light sensor.

6. The display device according to claim 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A color filter substrate is arranged opposite to the array substrate, and the black matrix layer is arranged on a side of the color filter substrate close to the array substrate.

7. The display device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The light sensor comprises a light-sensing part, and the light-sensing part is used to sense the external ambient light and generate an electrical signal; The projection of the light-transmitting hole on the array substrate covers the light-sensing portion.

8. The display device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The light sensor includes a detection thin film transistor, and the size of the light-transmitting hole is larger than the channel size of the detection thin film transistor.

9. The display device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The size of the light-transmitting hole is determined according to the channel size of the detection thin film transistor, the cell thickness between the array substrate and the color film substrate, and the incident angle of the ambient light.

10. The display device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The size of the light-transmitting hole is determined according to the channel size of the detection thin film transistor, the cell thickness between the array substrate and the color film substrate, the incident angle of ambient light, and the alignment accuracy.

11. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: Also includes: A backlight module, arranged on a side of the array substrate away from the first surface; A light shielding layer is disposed between the array substrate and the backlight module, and is used to block the light from the backlight module from being transmitted to the light sensing unit.

12. The display device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The light shielding layer is disposed on a second surface of the array substrate, and the second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface.

13. The display device according to claim 11, characterized in that The orthographic projection of the light shielding layer on the array substrate covers the orthographic projection of the light sensing unit on the array substrate.

14. The display device according to claim 11, characterized in that: If the light sensing unit includes at least one light sensor, the light shielding layer is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the light sensing unit, or the light shielding layer is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the light sensor.

15. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device comprises the display device according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

Images