FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller and environment control system

Abstract

The invention provides an FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller and environment control system, and the system employs the FPGA as a core processor, and is connected with various sensors and execution mechanisms needed by the environment monitoring and control of an edible mushroom factory through matching with an environment data collection and execution mechanism state collection and control output module. The environment monitoring data and the current state data of each execution mechanism are obtained, the state control instructions of each execution mechanism are generated in combination with the input target monitoring parameters, and then each state control instruction is sent to the corresponding execution mechanism, so that the mushroom house environment is intelligently controlled. By setting various configuration parameters of the controller, the environment control requirements of various edible mushroom factories are met, and setting of hardware and bottom software does not need to be changed on a large scale. The problem that a traditional mushroom house controller is single in function and application scene is effectively solved, the requirements of modernized agriculture and large-scale production can be better met, the later research and development cost is effectively reduced, and the research and development period is effectively shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation environment control, and in particular to an FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller and an environment control system. Background Art

[0002] Edible fungi are rich in protein, polysaccharides, vitamins, etc., and have high nutritional value and medical and health care functions. The cultivation methods and technologies have also gradually developed from the initial use of natural conditions and culture media for primary fermentation cultivation to the current use of standardized mushroom houses and culture media for secondary fermentation cultivation. Other countries all adopt factory production, and have a high degree of specialization and mechanization, and have the most advanced mushroom house facilities and equipment. Since the 1990s, China has also begun to introduce factory cultivation technology. Most of the equipment used in mushroom houses is fully imported from abroad or partially imported and innovated in combination with local actual conditions. The equipment imported from abroad is often expensive, with high maintenance costs in the later stage, and difficult to upgrade and iterate. Therefore, in recent years, with the development of domestic agricultural science and technology, more and more relevant researchers have invested in the research field of such automated equipment.

[0003] The factory cultivation of edible fungi has very strict requirements on the environment of the mushroom house. The environment of the mushroom house is directly related to the yield, quality, production cycle and even food safety of edible fungi. As the growth cycle of edible fungi changes, the environmental conditions of the mushroom house must also change accordingly. There are many factors that affect the environment of the mushroom house, including temperature, humidity, ventilation, carbon dioxide concentration, light, bacteria that grow in the mushroom house, etc. Through modern intelligent mushroom house technology, the yield and quality of edible fungi can be effectively improved, while ensuring food safety. Modern mushroom house technology mainly uses sensors, the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data and other related technologies to achieve real-time monitoring of environmental factors such as meteorology, soil, water source, air, temperature, humidity and so on at the edible fungi cultivation and production site, and through intelligent control algorithms to automatically control the temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide and light in the mushroom house in real time.

[0004] Traditional mushroom house environment controllers usually use single-chip microcomputers, MCUs, PLCs and other devices as core processors, and cooperate with multiple interfaces to realize real-time monitoring and automatic control of the mushroom house environment and upload related environmental data. This type of environment controller has low technical barriers, simple functions, and relatively single application scenarios. Most of them rely on foreign imports and are relatively expensive. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art mentioned above, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a mushroom house intelligent environment controller and environment control system based on FPGA, which is used to solve the technical problems of traditional mushroom house environment controllers such as single function, poor scalability, difficulty in supporting the effective implementation of complex algorithms, and high cost.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a mushroom house intelligent environment controller based on FPGA, comprising: an FPGA module integrated on a core processing board, a storage module, a user debugging interface, a target monitoring parameter input interface and a network communication interface; the controller also includes a plurality of expansion modules, including: an environmental data acquisition module, an actuator state acquisition module and an actuator control output module; wherein the FPGA module is respectively connected to the storage module, the user debugging interface, the target parameter input interface, the network communication interface, the environmental data acquisition module, the actuator state acquisition module and the actuator control output module; the environmental data acquisition module is connected to a plurality of sensors required for mushroom house environment monitoring; the actuator state acquisition module and the actuator control output module are connected to a plurality of actuators required for mushroom house environment control; the FPGA module is used to obtain the environmental monitoring data collected by each sensor through the environmental data acquisition module and to obtain the current state data of each actuator through the actuator state acquisition module, and to generate the state control instructions of each actuator based on the target monitoring parameters input by the target monitoring parameter input interface, and to send the state control instructions of each actuator to the corresponding actuator through the actuator control output module, so as to intelligently control the mushroom house environment.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the environmental data acquisition module includes: a temperature data acquisition module and other environmental data acquisition modules; the temperature data acquisition module and other environmental data acquisition modules are respectively connected to the FPGA module; the temperature data acquisition module is connected to various temperature sensors required for mushroom house environmental monitoring; the other environmental data acquisition modules are connected to various non-temperature environmental sensors required for mushroom house environmental monitoring; the FPGA module obtains temperature data collected by various temperature sensors through the temperature data acquisition module, and obtains other environmental data collected by various non-temperature environmental sensors through other environmental data acquisition modules.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the temperature data acquisition module includes: an RS485 interface and a PT1000 temperature acquisition module; the RS485 interface is connected between the FPGA module and the PT1000 temperature acquisition module; the PT1000 temperature acquisition module is connected to multiple PT1000 temperature sensors; other environmental data acquisition modules use an RS485 interface, which is connected to each environmental sensor through a 485 bus; each environmental sensor includes: a weather station, a carbon dioxide sensor, a humidity sensor, and a differential pressure sensor; the FPGA module obtains temperature data through the RS485 interface and the PT1000 temperature acquisition module; the FPGA module obtains carbon dioxide concentration, humidity, and atmospheric pressure data through the RS485 interface.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, the storage module includes: a DDR3 cache module and a FLASH module; the DDR3 cache module and the FLASH module are respectively connected to the FPGA module; the DDR3 cache module is used to store data of the controller during operation; the FLASH module is used to non-volatilely store the software programs and necessary configuration information required by the FPGA module.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the multiple actuators required for mushroom house environment control include: a fan inverter, a cold water valve, a hot water valve, a fresh air control valve, a steam sterilization valve, an air humidification valve, a watering valve and a flow control valve.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the target parameter input interface adopts an HDMI interface, which is connected to a user operation display screen to obtain the target monitoring parameters set by the user through the user operation display screen; wherein the target monitoring parameters include: target temperature, target humidity, target gas concentration and target environmental pressure.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the FPGA module is used to compare the acquired environmental monitoring data with the target monitoring parameters, and generate state control instructions for each actuator using a PID control algorithm in combination with the current state data of each actuator to control the mushroom house environment.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the network communication interface uses an Ethernet interface to upload data of the mushroom house intelligent environment controller and realize remote control function.

[0014] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present invention provides a mushroom house intelligent environment control system based on FPGA, the system comprising: a plurality of sensors required for mushroom house environment monitoring, a plurality of actuators and the FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller; wherein each sensor and each actuator is respectively communicated with the FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller.

[0015] As described above, the present invention is an intelligent mushroom house environment controller and environment control system based on FPGA, which has the following beneficial effects: the present invention uses FPGA as the core processor, and connects various sensors and actuators required for the environmental monitoring and control of the edible fungus factory by matching the environmental data acquisition module, the actuator state acquisition module and the actuator control output module, obtains the environmental monitoring data and the current state data of each actuator, and generates the state control instructions of each actuator in combination with the input target monitoring parameters, and then sends each state control instruction to the corresponding actuator to intelligently control the mushroom house environment. By setting various configuration parameters of the controller, the present invention not only meets the environmental control requirements of various edible fungus factories, but also meets the environmental automatic control requirements of other agricultural product factories, without large-scale changes in the settings of hardware and underlying software. It effectively solves the problems of single function and single application scenario of traditional mushroom house controllers, can better meet the requirements of modern agriculture and large-scale production, and effectively reduce the later R&D costs and shorten the R&D cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of an FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of an FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 Shown is a closed-loop control logic diagram of a mushroom house intelligent environment controller in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of an FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment control system in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic diagram of the structure of an FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment control system in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0022] It should be noted that in the following description, reference is made to the accompanying drawings, which describe several embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that other embodiments may also be used, and that mechanical composition, structural, electrical and operational changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The following detailed description should not be considered restrictive, and the scope of the embodiments of the present invention is limited only by the claims of the published patents. The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. Spatially related terms, such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "below", "below", "lower", "above", "upper", etc., may be used in the text to facilitate the description of the relationship between an element or feature shown in the figure and another element or feature.

[0023] Throughout the specification, when a part is said to be "connected" to another part, this includes not only the case of "direct connection" but also the case of "indirect connection" by placing other elements therebetween. In addition, when a part is said to "include" a certain constituent element, unless otherwise stated, it does not exclude other constituent elements, but means that other constituent elements may be included.

[0024] The terms first, second and third mentioned herein are used to describe various parts, components, regions, layers and / or segments, but are not limited thereto. These terms are only used to distinguish a certain part, component, region, layer or segment from other parts, components, regions, layers or segments. Therefore, the first part, component, region, layer or segment described below may refer to the second part, component, region, layer or segment within the scope of the present invention.

[0025] Furthermore, as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless there is an indication to the contrary in the context. It should be further understood that the terms "comprise", "include" indicate the presence of the described features, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups, but do not exclude the presence, occurrence or addition of one or more other features, operations, elements, components, items, kinds, and / or groups. The terms "or" and "and / or" used herein are interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination. Therefore, "A, B or C" or "A, B and / or C" means "any of the following: A; B; C; A and B; A and C; B and C; A, B and C". Exceptions to this definition will only occur when the combination of elements, functions or operations is inherently mutually exclusive in some way.

[0026] In recent years, with the rapid development of electronic technology, large-scale integrated circuit production processes have become more mature, and production and R&D costs have decreased year by year, which has led to the gradual civilianization of many high-end chips that were once widely used only in military and aerospace industries. FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) chips are a very typical type of product. In the past, FPGA-related technologies were difficult to accept for industrial and consumer products due to high material costs, difficulty in development, and long R&D cycles. Today, the price of FPGA chips is not much different from that of traditional core processors such as single-chip microcomputers and PLCs. The popularization of university education has cultivated many related professional and technical talents. The development of EDA tools has also reduced its development difficulty and entry threshold to a certain extent, resulting in the widespread application of FPGA technology in all walks of life.

[0027] FPGA chips are highly flexible and can be programmed to implement various logic circuits, which is a function that other ASICs do not have. This allows FPGAs to quickly iterate and upgrade to adapt to changing needs during prototype development and unpredictable complex application scenarios, thereby reducing the hardware development cycle. FPGA logic gate circuits can work in parallel, and compared to the serial working mode of traditional devices such as MCUs, FPGAs can have faster computing speeds. In order to better adapt to the requirements of different edible fungi for the mushroom house environment, the requirements of the same edible fungi for the mushroom house environment at different growth stages, and better adapt to the various requirements for mushroom house controllers in various application scenarios such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, and big data, the present invention intends to make full use of the advantages of FPGA technology such as high flexibility and fast computing speed.

[0028] The present invention provides an FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller, which uses FPGA as a core processor, connects various sensors and actuators required for environmental monitoring and control of edible fungi factories by matching environmental data acquisition modules, actuator state acquisition modules and actuator control output modules, obtains environmental monitoring data and current state data of each actuator, generates state control instructions of each actuator in combination with input target monitoring parameters, and then sends each state control instruction to the corresponding actuator to intelligently control the mushroom house environment. By setting various configuration parameters of the controller, the present invention not only meets the environmental control requirements of various edible fungi factories, but also meets the environmental automatic control requirements of other agricultural product factories, without large-scale changes in hardware and underlying software settings. It effectively solves the problems of single function and single application scenario of traditional mushroom house controllers, can better meet the requirements of modern agriculture and large-scale production, and effectively reduce later research and development costs and shorten research and development cycles.

[0029] The following is a detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily implement the present invention. The present invention can be embodied in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein.

[0030] like Figure 1 A structural schematic diagram of a mushroom house intelligent environment controller based on FPGA in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0031] In order to take into account the environmental control requirements of various edible mushroom factories, the hardware design of the mushroom house intelligent environmental controller of the present invention adopts a freely expandable modular design.

[0032] The environmental controller comprises: An FPGA module 1, a storage module 2, a user debugging interface 3, a target monitoring parameter input interface 4, and a network communication interface 5 integrated on the core processing board; The FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) module is a programmable logic component that performs specific hardware acceleration tasks or implements complex logic control. It can be programmed as needed to adapt to different application requirements. Storage module 2 is used to store data and programs required by the controller. User debugging interface 3 is mainly used for R&D personnel to upgrade the controller online and configure important functional parameters such as software version, controller mode, and initial configuration of the controller. Target monitoring parameter input interface 4 is used to obtain the target monitoring parameters input by the user; these parameters will be used as the target of environmental control. Network communication interface 5 is used to realize communication with other devices or networks to ensure that the system can exchange data with the outside world.

[0033] The controller further comprises a plurality of expansion modules, including: an environmental data acquisition module 6, an actuator state acquisition module 7 and an actuator control output module 8; each expansion module is connected to the core processing board via an inter-board connector.

[0034] The environmental data acquisition module 6 is connected to multiple sensors required for mushroom house environment monitoring. The environmental data acquisition module 6 is used to obtain environmental parameters in the mushroom house monitored by these sensors, such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, and atmospheric pressure data. The actuator state acquisition module 7 and the actuator control output module 8 are connected to multiple actuators required for mushroom house environment control, and the state of the actuator determines the mushroom house environment. The actuator state acquisition module 7 is used to obtain the current state data of each actuator, such as position data and working state data. The actuator control output module 88 is used to send the state control instructions of each actuator output by the FPGA module 1 to the corresponding actuator.

[0035] The FPGA module 1 is respectively connected to the storage module 2, the user debugging interface 3, the target parameter input interface, the network communication interface 5, the environmental data acquisition module 6, the actuator state acquisition module 7 and the actuator control output module 8; The FPGA module 1, as the core of the controller, is responsible for receiving data from each expansion module and generating instructions; the process of the FPGA module 1 performing environmental control includes: obtaining environmental monitoring data collected by each sensor through the environmental data acquisition module 6, and obtaining the current state data of each actuator through the actuator state acquisition module 7. According to the environmental monitoring data and the current state data of each actuator, and in combination with the target monitoring parameters input by the target monitoring parameter input interface 4, the state control instructions of each actuator are generated. The generated state control instructions are sent to the corresponding actuators through the actuator control output module 88 to intelligently control the mushroom house environment.

[0036] The present invention uses FPGA module 1 as the core processor, and can connect various sensors and actuators required for edible fungi factory environmental monitoring and control by matching different modules, thereby realizing intelligent automatic control of the mushroom house environment. In addition to meeting the basic functions of traditional mushroom house controllers, the controller of the present invention adopts modular design in hardware, and can increase or decrease various components in the mushroom house control system such as sensors and actuators according to the actual needs of users; the software opens all control interfaces and is user-centric. Users can adjust all control parameters according to their own needs, so that its functions and performance fully meet user needs and better improve the yield and quality of edible fungi; in addition, the controller can also meet the application of related technologies such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, and big data in the field of factory planting of agricultural products such as edible fungi by adding expansion modules, which is also in line with the needs of future modern new agricultural development.

[0037] In one embodiment, the environmental data acquisition module 6 includes: a temperature data acquisition module and other environmental data acquisition modules 6; the temperature data acquisition module and other environmental data acquisition modules 6 are respectively connected to the FPGA module 1; A temperature data acquisition module, which is specifically responsible for connecting multiple temperature sensors in the mushroom house for monitoring temperature, and transmitting the temperature data collected by each temperature sensor to the FPGA module 1; In addition to temperature data, the mushroom house environment also includes humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, atmospheric pressure and other parameters. Other environmental data acquisition module 6 is responsible for connecting these non-temperature environmental sensors, such as humidity sensors, carbon dioxide sensors, atmospheric pressure sensors, etc. Other environmental data acquisition module 6 transmits other environmental data collected by each temperature sensor to the FPGA module 1.

[0038] Therefore, the FPGA module 1 obtains the temperature data collected by each temperature sensor through the temperature data collection module, and obtains other environmental data collected by each non-temperature environmental sensor through the other environmental data collection module 6.

[0039] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 , the temperature data acquisition module includes: RS485 interface and PT1000 temperature acquisition module; The PT1000 temperature acquisition module is specially used to connect and read the data of multiple PT1000 temperature sensors. The PT1000 temperature acquisition module has 12 data acquisition channels and can connect and read the data of 12 PT1000 temperature sensors at the same time. Among them, the PT1000 temperature sensor is a high-precision and high-stability temperature sensor suitable for various ambient temperature measurements.

[0040] In the temperature data acquisition module, the RS485 interface is used to connect the PT1000 temperature acquisition module and the FPGA module 1. Through the RS485 interface, the FPGA module 1 can receive temperature data from the PT1000 temperature acquisition module. The RS485 interface is a differential communication interface with the characteristics of strong anti-interference ability and long transmission distance.

[0041] Other environmental data acquisition modules 6 use RS485 interfaces to connect multiple environmental sensors, including weather stations, carbon dioxide sensors, humidity sensors, and differential pressure sensors. These sensors are used to measure environmental parameters such as carbon dioxide concentration, air humidity, and atmospheric pressure in mushroom houses. RS485 interfaces can connect multiple environmental sensors through 485 buses to achieve parallel transmission of data. FPGA module 1 obtains data from each environmental sensor through RS485 interfaces and 485 buses.

[0042] Through the cooperation of PT1000 temperature acquisition module and RS485 interface, the temperature data acquisition module can efficiently read the data of multiple PT1000 temperature sensors. At the same time, other environmental data acquisition modules 6 are connected to various environmental sensors through RS485 interface and 485 bus, realizing comprehensive monitoring of mushroom house environmental parameters. FPGA module 1, as the core processing unit, can receive and process these data in real time, providing reliable basis for subsequent control decisions. This design makes the whole controller system highly reliable and flexible, and can meet the needs of different mushroom house environmental control.

[0043] In one embodiment, if Figure 2The actuator state acquisition module 7 obtains the current state data of each actuator through the ADC (analog-to-digital converter) module. The ADC module is connected to each actuator. Each actuator usually outputs an analog signal. The ADC module is responsible for converting these analog signals into digital signals so that the FPGA can read and process them. The FPGA obtains the current position state information of each actuator through the ADC module.

[0044] The actuator control output module 8 sends state control instructions to each actuator structure through a DAC (digital-to-analog converter) module. The DAC module is connected to each actuator. Since the actuator usually accepts analog signals as control inputs, the module needs to convert the digital control instructions output by the FPGA into analog signals through the DAC module. The output of the DAC module is connected to the control input of each actuator to drive the actuator to reach a specified position state or working parameter.

[0045] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 The multiple actuators required for mushroom house environment control include: fan inverter, cold water valve, hot water valve, fresh air control valve, steam sterilization valve, air humidification valve, watering valve and flow control valve.

[0046] Specifically, the fan inverter controls the air flow in the mushroom house by adjusting the fan speed, thereby adjusting the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration. The cold water valve and hot water valve control the flow of cooling water and heating water respectively, which are used to adjust the temperature in the mushroom house. The fresh air control valve controls the flow of fresh air from the outside into the mushroom house, which is used to adjust the air quality and carbon dioxide concentration in the mushroom house. The steam sterilization valve controls the release of steam, which is used to regularly sterilize the mushroom house and kill germs and pests. The air humidification valve controls the operation of the humidification equipment to adjust the humidity in the mushroom house. The watering valve controls the operation of the irrigation system to adjust the soil humidity and water supply in the mushroom house. The flow control valve is used to adjust the flow of fluids such as cooling water, heating water, and steam in the mushroom house environmental control system to achieve precise control of parameters such as temperature and humidity.

[0047] As can be seen from the above, these actuators play a vital role in the mushroom house environment control system. They work together to achieve precise control of parameters such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, atmospheric pressure, etc. in the mushroom house, providing suitable environmental conditions for the growth of edible fungi. In practical applications, these actuators are usually combined with intelligent environmental controllers to achieve intelligent control of the mushroom house environment through real-time monitoring and automatic adjustment.

[0048] In one embodiment, if Figure 2, the storage module 2 includes: a DDR3 cache module and a FLASH module; the DDR3 cache module and the FLASH module are respectively connected to the FPGA module 1; The DDR3 cache module can provide a dynamic cache space with a total capacity of 16Gbit, a bit width of 64bit, and a read and write rate of up to 1600Mbit / s. It can be used for online dynamic caching of all relevant environmental monitoring parameters such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide concentration in the factory, pressure, etc. obtained during the operation of the environmental controller, as well as target monitoring parameters such as target temperature, target humidity, target carbon dioxide concentration, and related information such as the current working status of the environmental controller, so as to facilitate real-time calls by users.

[0049] The FLASH module is a non-volatile storage function for FPGA software programs and necessary configuration information. Specifically, the FLASH module can store the software programs required for FPGA operation, including startup code, control algorithms, data processing logic, etc. When the FPGA starts, it reads these programs from the FLASH module and executes them in its internal logic circuit to achieve control of the entire controller system. In addition to software programs, the FLASH module is also used to store configuration information required for FPGA operation, such as communication parameters, sensor calibration data, actuator control parameters, etc. This configuration information is crucial for the correct operation and precise control of the FPGA. The non-volatile nature of the FLASH module means that the data stored in it will not be lost even after a power outage or system restart.

[0050] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 The target parameter input interface adopts the HDMI (High-DefinitionMultimedia Interface) standard for connecting the user operation display screen. This design enables the user to intuitively read or write various target monitoring parameters through the display screen, thereby achieving precise control of the mushroom house environment. Preferably, the user operation display screen is a touch display screen, and the user can set or modify the target parameters by touching the menu or buttons on the display screen.

[0051] The target monitoring parameters include: target temperature, target humidity, target gas concentration and target ambient pressure.

[0052] In one embodiment, in order to better realize the automatic control function of the mushroom house environment, the FPGA module 1 needs to run the mushroom house environment control algorithm in addition to the necessary interface driver. The software of the mushroom house intelligent environment controller mainly realizes functions such as user interaction, bottom layer interface driver, and mushroom house environment automatic control algorithm.

[0053] The controller can realize closed-loop control autonomously. The closed-loop control logic includes: like Figure 3 , the FPGA module 1 receives environmental monitoring data by connecting to the ADC module, and these data include key parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and carbon dioxide concentration. The FPGA compares the acquired environmental monitoring data with the target monitoring parameters set by the user through the operation interface to determine the deviation between the current environmental state and the target state. Based on the deviation value and the current state data of each actuator obtained by the actuator state acquisition module 7, the FPGA module 1 applies the PID control algorithm to calculate the state adjustment amount that each actuator should have. The PID control algorithm, namely the proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm, is a feedback control algorithm widely used in the field of industrial automation control. The basic principle of the PID algorithm is to adjust the output signal according to the difference (i.e., error) between the current state of the controlled object and the set value, so that the difference approaches zero. By adjusting the proportional, integral, and differential coefficients, the state of the actuator can be accurately controlled. The FPGA converts the calculated state adjustment amount into a control signal and sends it to each actuator through the DAC module. The actuator adjusts its state according to the received control signal, thereby realizing accurate control of the mushroom house environment.

[0054] As can be seen from the above, FPGA module 1 uses the PID control algorithm to achieve precise control of each actuator, thereby ensuring that the mushroom house environment remains within the target range set by the user. It achieves precise monitoring and control of environmental parameters through closed-loop control logic, providing stable and suitable environmental conditions for the growth of edible fungi.

[0055] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 The network communication interface 5 adopts an Ethernet interface, which is used to upload the data of the mushroom house intelligent environment controller and realize the remote control function. The mushroom house intelligent environment controller uploads the monitored environmental data (such as temperature, humidity, pressure, carbon dioxide concentration, etc.) to the data center or cloud server in real time through the Ethernet interface. The data center or cloud server stores, analyzes and processes the received data so that users can view historical data, generate reports or perform data analysis at any time. Users can send remote control instructions to the mushroom house intelligent environment controller through the Ethernet interface through the remote client or web interface to monitor and manage the mushroom house environment.

[0056] like Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a mushroom house intelligent environment control system based on FPGA in an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0057] The system comprises: The multiple sensors 10 required for mushroom house environment monitoring are connected to the mushroom house intelligent environment controller 103 based on FPGA for real-time monitoring of environmental data in the mushroom house, including but not limited to temperature, humidity, light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, atmospheric pressure data, etc. The sensors transmit the monitored data to the mushroom house intelligent environment controller 103 based on FPGA.

[0058] The multiple actuators 102 required for mushroom house environment monitoring are connected to the FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller 103 for communication, and are used to send current status data to the FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller 103, and receive status control instructions from the FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller 103 to perform corresponding operations.

[0059] The FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller 103 can realize the structure and functions of the above-mentioned embodiment, obtain the environmental monitoring data collected by each sensor 101 and the current status data of each actuator 102, and generate the status control instructions of each actuator 102 based on the target monitoring parameters, and send the status control instructions of each actuator 102 to the corresponding actuator 102 to intelligently control the mushroom house environment.

[0060] In one embodiment, if Figure 5 The system also includes: a user-operated display screen, which enables the user to intuitively read or write various target monitoring parameters through the display screen, and transmits the target monitoring parameters entered by the user to the FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, if Figure 5 ,The sensors include: PT1000 temperature sensor, weather station, carbon dioxide sensor, humidity sensor and differential pressure sensor.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, if Figure 5 The actuators include: fan inverter, cold water valve, hot water valve, fresh air control valve, steam sterilization valve, air humidification valve, watering valve and flow control valve.

[0063] In summary, the FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller and environment control system of the present invention uses FPGA as the core processor, connects various sensors and actuators required for the environmental monitoring and control of the edible fungus factory by matching the environmental data acquisition module, the actuator state acquisition module and the actuator control output module, obtains the environmental monitoring data and the current state data of each actuator, and generates the state control instructions of each actuator in combination with the input target monitoring parameters, and then sends each state control instruction to the corresponding actuator to intelligently control the mushroom house environment. By setting various configuration parameters of the controller, the present invention not only meets the environmental control requirements of various edible fungus factories, but also meets the environmental automatic control requirements of other agricultural product factories, without large-scale changes in the hardware and underlying software settings. It effectively solves the problems of single function and single application scenario of traditional mushroom house controllers, can better meet the requirements of modern agriculture and large-scale production, and effectively reduce the later research and development costs and shorten the research and development cycle. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes the various shortcomings in the prior art and has a high industrial utilization value.

[0064] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mushroom house intelligent environment controller based on FPGA, characterized in that: include: FPGA module, storage module, user debugging interface, target monitoring parameter input interface and network communication interface integrated on the core processing board; The controller further comprises a plurality of expansion modules, including: an environmental data acquisition module, an actuator state acquisition module and an actuator control output module; The FPGA module is respectively connected to the storage module, the user debugging interface, the target parameter input interface, the network communication interface, the environmental data acquisition module, the actuator state acquisition module and the actuator control output module; the environmental data acquisition module is connected to multiple sensors required for mushroom house environment monitoring; the actuator state acquisition module and the actuator control output module are connected to multiple actuators required for mushroom house environment control; The FPGA module is used to obtain the environmental monitoring data collected by each sensor through the environmental data acquisition module and to obtain the current status data of each actuator through the actuator status acquisition module, and to generate status control instructions for each actuator based on the target monitoring parameters input by the target monitoring parameter input interface, and to send the status control instructions for each actuator to the corresponding actuator through the actuator control output module, so as to intelligently control the mushroom house environment.

2. The FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The environmental data acquisition module includes: a temperature data acquisition module and other environmental data acquisition modules; the temperature data acquisition module and other environmental data acquisition modules are respectively connected to the FPGA module; the temperature data acquisition module is connected to various temperature sensors required for mushroom house environmental monitoring; the other environmental data acquisition module is connected to various non-temperature environmental sensors required for mushroom house environmental monitoring; The FPGA module acquires temperature data collected by each temperature sensor through the temperature data acquisition module, and acquires other environmental data collected by each non-temperature environmental sensor through the other environmental data acquisition module.

3. The mushroom house intelligent environment controller based on FPGA according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The temperature data acquisition module includes: an RS485 interface and a PT1000 temperature acquisition module; the RS485 interface is connected between the FPGA module and the PT1000 temperature acquisition module; the PT1000 temperature acquisition module is connected to multiple PT1000 temperature sensors; other environmental data acquisition modules use an RS485 interface, which is connected to each environmental sensor through a 485 bus; each environmental sensor includes: a weather station, a carbon dioxide sensor, a humidity sensor, and a differential pressure sensor; The FPGA module obtains temperature data through the RS485 interface and the PT1000 temperature acquisition module; the FPGA module obtains carbon dioxide concentration, humidity and atmospheric pressure data through the RS485 interface.

4. The mushroom house intelligent environment controller based on FPGA according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The actuator state acquisition module obtains the current state data of each actuator through the ADC module; the actuator control output module sends state control instructions to each actuator structure through the DAC module.

5. The mushroom house intelligent environment controller based on FPGA according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The storage module includes: a DDR3 cache module and a FLASH module; the DDR3 cache module and the FLASH module are respectively connected to the FPGA module; The DDR3 cache module is used to store data of the controller during operation; The FLASH module is used for non-volatile storage of software programs and necessary configuration information required by the FPGA module.

6. The mushroom house intelligent environment controller based on FPGA according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The multiple actuators required for mushroom house environment control include: fan inverter, cold water valve, hot water valve, fresh air control valve, steam sterilization valve, air humidification valve, watering valve and flow control valve.

7. The FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The target parameter input interface adopts an HDMI interface, which is connected to the user operation display screen to obtain the target monitoring parameters set by the user through the user operation display screen; wherein the target monitoring parameters include: target temperature, target humidity, target gas concentration and target environmental pressure.

8. The mushroom house intelligent environment controller based on FPGA according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The FPGA module is used to compare the acquired environmental monitoring data with the target monitoring parameters, and generate state control instructions for each actuator using a PID control algorithm in combination with the current state data of each actuator, so as to control the mushroom house environment.

9. The mushroom house intelligent environment controller based on FPGA according to claim 1, characterized in that: The network communication interface adopts an Ethernet interface, which is used to upload data of the mushroom house intelligent environment controller and realize remote control function.

10. A mushroom house intelligent environment control system based on FPGA, characterized in that: The system comprises: A plurality of sensors and a plurality of actuators required for mushroom house environment monitoring and an FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9; Wherein, each sensor and each actuator is respectively connected to the FPGA-based mushroom house intelligent environment controller for communication.

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