A method for rapid assessment and route planning of special heavy vehicle bridge passability

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for rapid assessment and route planning of special heavy vehicle bridge passability, comprising the following steps: establishing a special vehicle model library: describing the special vehicle model with vehicle outer contour dimensions, axle weight, wheelbase and track, turning radius and swept width characteristic parameters; establishing a basic database for bridge passability; selecting representative bridge structures for lightweight load tests, comparing and verifying the passability judgment results of the two; establishing a bridge passability result database, comparing the basic information library data of special vehicles to be calculated and route bridges with the basic database for bridge passability; matching the bridge position with the route information of the navigation software. Compared with the existing technologies, methods, etc., this method improves the accuracy of bridge passability assessment results, solves the problems of missing passability result judgment of key dangerous bridges, inability to quickly establish a passability response plan, and low efficiency of vehicle traffic judgment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of special heavy vehicle passability assessment and route planning on highway bridges, and in particular to a special heavy vehicle bridge passability rapid assessment and route planning method. Background Art

[0002] Regarding the special heavy vehicle passability method for highway bridges, the existing technologies, such as patent application numbers "CN202011248387" and "CN201310102203", mostly use a large amount of calculation data, test data, etc. to fit into empirical formulas for passability assessment and judgment. The problems are as follows:

[0003] 1. Due to data limitations such as the number of sample libraries for calculation models, test bridges, bridge structure types and technical conditions, as well as the lack of verification of calculation results and field tests, it is impossible to accurately evaluate the passability results of bridges, especially for critical bridges such as Class III bridges. Due to the lack of specific bridge inspection and monitoring data, there may be large calculation deviations;

[0004] 2. There is no special heavy vehicle model library and corresponding bridge passability basic database, etc., and targeted passability assessment calculations are required before vehicles pass, and a quick response plan for vehicle bridge passability judgment cannot be established;

[0005] 3. The vehicle passability calculation results are not combined with the navigation software to form a new technology for heavy vehicle route planning and navigation services. During the vehicle passage process, manual review of the bridge passability results and position confirmation are required, resulting in low traffic efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for rapid assessment of the passability of a special heavy vehicle bridge and route planning, thereby solving the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A method for rapid assessment of the passability of a special heavy vehicle bridge and route planning, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step S100, establishing a special vehicle model library: describing the special vehicle model with characteristic parameters of vehicle outer contour dimensions, axle weight, wheelbase and track width, turning radius and swept width;

[0010] Step S200, establishing a basic database of bridge passability;

[0011] Step S300, selecting a representative bridge structure to perform a lightweight load test, and comparing and verifying the passability judgment results of the two;

[0012] Step S400, establish a bridge passability result database, compare the special vehicle to be calculated and the route bridge basic information database data with the bridge passability basic database, if the requirements are met, the bridge passability of the vehicle on the bridge can be determined to form a bridge passability result database; if the requirements are not met, the above-mentioned beam passability calculation and analysis software can be used to calculate the passability result of the characteristic vehicle model, and the new calculation result is added to the bridge passability basic database to improve the judgment of the passability result of the same type of vehicle on the same type of bridge next time;

[0013] Step S500, the bridge passability basic database includes bridge structure information, bridge technical condition information, and bridge starting and ending latitude and longitude data;

[0014] Step S600: The bridge location matches the navigation software route information.

[0015] In some specific embodiments, the step S200 specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] S210. Use the developed bridge trafficability calculation and analysis software to calculate the trafficability results of bridge structures with different standard spans under various levels of design loads;

[0017] S220, the bridge trafficability calculation and analysis software includes: a finite element construction module, a design load calculation module and a vehicle load calculation module;

[0018] S230. Classify and store the trafficability result data of various special vehicles under various levels of design loads according to the bridge structure type.

[0019] In some specific embodiments, the finite element model is a planar bar model.

[0020] In some specific embodiments,

[0021] By comparing the shear force and bending moment effect values ​​of the most unfavorable cross-sectional position of the design load and the vehicle load (see formula (1) and (2)), the vehicle's passability result (see formula (3)) is determined. When the ratio of the former to the latter is greater than or equal to 1, the special vehicle can pass, otherwise it cannot pass;

[0022] S 车道 =R0*1.4×(1+u) S' Q1 ×m 汽车 ①

[0023] S 特种 =R0*1.4×S' Q1 ×m 特种 ②

[0024] M 汽 / M 特种≥1;Q 汽 / Q 特种 ≥1 ③

[0025] In the above formulas ①, ②, and ③: R0 is the structural importance coefficient, which is considered as 1.1 according to the first-level safety level; S' Q1 ——The effect of cars and people in basic variable load; u——impact coefficient; m 汽车 ——Transverse distribution coefficient of vehicle load; m 特种 ——Transverse distribution coefficient of special vehicle load; Q and M are the most unfavorable shear force and bending moment values ​​of the control section.

[0026] In some specific embodiments, the step S300 specifically includes the following steps:

[0027] S310, combining the basic database of bridges on the proposed route, selecting one bridge with a representative structure on each route;

[0028] S320. Based on the finite element method, a calculation model of the selected bridge is established to determine the test conditions and contents;

[0029] S330. According to the design load level of the bridge and the influence line method, determine the unfavorable position of the special load, calculate the design load effect of the control section and the dynamic load effect of the most unfavorable loading position of the special vehicle, and calculate the dynamic load efficiency ηd according to the following formula ④. When ηd < 1.05, the lightweight load test can be carried out, otherwise, the special vehicle cannot pass;

[0030] η d = (1+u)S' 特种 / S' 汽车 ④

[0031] In the above formula ④, S'special type - the static load effect value of the special vehicle of the test control section; S'automobile - the design load effect value of the test control section;

[0032] S340, calculating the strain theoretical calculation value of each measuring point of the control section under the static load of the special vehicle;

[0033] S350, carry out on-site loading test according to the most unfavorable loading position of special load, and collect the measured strain values ​​of each measuring point;

[0034] S360, calculating the measuring point calibration coefficient ξ, when ξ<1, it can be determined that the special vehicle can pass, otherwise it cannot pass;

[0035] S370. Verify the test results with the theoretical calculation results of the above-mentioned vehicle passability to ensure the accuracy of the results of the basic database of bridge passability.

[0036] In some specific embodiments, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0037] S700. Evaluate the passability results of three types of bridges and supplement the basic data information of bridge passability.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, the specific steps of S700 include:

[0039] S710. For the key monitoring bridges planned on the route, conduct on-site surveys to determine whether the technical condition of the bridge is Class III. Otherwise, Class I and Class II bridges may not be monitored because they are in good technical condition, and Class IV and V bridges are not accessible to vehicles and do not need to be monitored.

[0040] S720, establish a finite element model, determine the monitoring conditions, test sections, measurement point layout, etc.;

[0041] S730, for the control section, calculate the maximum theoretical dynamic strain value W of each measuring point under a standard load. dmax-i (i=1……n, n-number of measuring points), the technical parameters of the standard vehicle are: total weight 50t, front and rear wheelbases 1.4m and 4.0m respectively, wheelbase 1.8m, front axle weight 10t, middle and rear axle weight 20t;

[0042] S740: For the key monitoring bridge, a standard vehicle travels at a constant speed of 30 km / h and collects the maximum dynamic deflection value W of each measuring point of the control section on site in a non-contact manner. smax-i (i=1……n, n-number of measuring points);

[0043] S750, using formula ξ i =W smax-i / W dmax-i , calculate the dynamic deflection coefficient ξ of each measuring point i , and the average dynamic deflection coefficient ξ is obtained dmax , when dmax＜1 Special vehicles can pass through when the road is blocked, otherwise they cannot pass through.

[0044] In some specific embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: S800, route planning and navigation.

[0045] In some specific embodiments, the step S800 specifically includes the following steps:

[0046] Based on the matching database of bridge passability results, the common route planning algorithm of the navigation software is adopted to avoid bridges that are inaccessible to special vehicles, roads with height and width restrictions and other locations on the route, and to plan the driving route. Based on the basic functions of the navigation software, special vehicle navigation services are provided.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0048] The present invention discloses a method for rapid assessment and route planning of the passability of special heavy-duty vehicle bridges. The method improves the accuracy of bridge passability assessment results, solves the problems of missing passability result judgment of key dangerous bridges, inability to quickly establish passability response plans, and low efficiency of vehicle passage judgment. At the same time, the formed bridge passability basic database provides key basic data support for the subsequent digital vehicle passability safety operation and maintenance system of highway bridges.

[0049] 1. Developed the initial calculation and analysis software for bridge trafficability. Based on the finite element simulation method, a large number of special vehicle models and basic databases for bridge trafficability were calculated and established, providing data support for the rapid response of special vehicle traffic results;

[0050] 2. In order to verify the accuracy of the above calculation results, a lightweight load test verification method was established, and field verification was carried out on typical bridges to further ensure the accuracy of the calculation results;

[0051] 3. For key monitoring bridges such as Class III bridges, a heavy vehicle passability assessment method based on dynamic deflection was established, and key assessments were conducted in combination with on-site monitoring to ensure the accuracy of the passability results of critical bridges on the route;

[0052] 4. Data fusion is performed on the basic database of bridge passability in combination with the API interface of the navigation software. In the corresponding special vehicle route planning, the corresponding non-passing bridges are marked on the map, providing data support services for the route planning of the navigation software, greatly improving the route efficiency of heavy vehicles. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 The present invention discloses a technical route logic framework diagram of a method for rapid assessment of the passability of a special heavy vehicle bridge and route planning;

[0054] Figure 2 It is the lightweight load test technology roadmap of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 It is the key bridge monitoring technology roadmap of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is the three-dimensional space entity finite element model and heavy vehicle loading model of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 It is the arrangement diagram of strain measuring points of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation methods described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0059] The present invention proposes a method for special vehicle route planning and navigation based on a special vehicle model library and a corresponding bridge passability basic database, integrating navigation software technology. Based on this method, functions such as rapid evaluation of special heavy vehicle bridge passability, rapid response to route plans, and vehicle route planning and navigation can be realized.

[0060] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 A method for rapid assessment of the passability of a special heavy vehicle bridge and route planning is shown, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Step S100, establishing a special vehicle model library: describing the special vehicle model with characteristic parameters such as vehicle outer contour dimensions, axle weight, wheelbase and track width, turning radius and swept width.

[0062] Step S200: Establish a basic database of bridge passability, which is key data for realizing route planning and navigation of special vehicles.

[0063] Step S300: In order to verify the accuracy of the theoretical calculation method, a representative bridge structure is selected to perform a lightweight load test, and the passability judgment results of the two are compared and verified.

[0064] Step S400, establish a bridge passability result database, compare the special vehicle to be calculated and the route bridge basic information database data with the bridge passability basic database, if the requirements are met, the bridge passability of the vehicle on the bridge can be determined to form a bridge passability result database; if the requirements are not met, the above-mentioned beam passability calculation and analysis software can be used to calculate the passability result of the characteristic vehicle model, and the new calculation result is added to the bridge passability basic database to improve the judgment of the passability result of the same type of vehicle on the same type of bridge next time;

[0065] Step S500: The bridge passability basic database includes bridge structure information, bridge technical status information, and bridge starting and ending latitude and longitude data. Further optimized, the bridge structure information is composed of type, span, bridge width, and load level parameters.

[0066] Step S600, match the bridge position with the navigation software route information. Based on the common API interface of the navigation software, the route bridge information in the navigation software is integrated with the special vehicle passability result library of the bridge passability result library by matching the longitude and latitude of the bridge starting point with the route, and the positions of the three, four, and five types of impassable bridges are marked; according to the technical requirements of the "Technical Specifications for Safety Evaluation of Highway Heavy Transport", combined with the turning radius and swept width of special vehicles, the road passability of the vehicle is judged, and the road avoidance points, height and width limit positions, etc. are marked.

[0067] In some specific embodiments, the step S200 specifically includes the following steps:

[0068] S210. Use the developed bridge passability calculation and analysis software to calculate the bridge passability results of different standard span bridge structures (RC solid (hollow) slab beams, PRC hollow slab beams, T beams (RC, PRC), PRC small box beams and cast-in-place box beams, etc.) under various levels of design loads (automobile-10 level, automobile-15 level, automobile-20 level, automobile super-20 level, highway class II and highway class I (04, 15 specifications)).

[0069] S220. The above-mentioned bridge trafficability calculation and analysis software includes: finite element construction module, design load calculation module and vehicle load calculation module.

[0070] S230. Classify and store the trafficability result data of various special vehicles under various levels of design loads according to the bridge structure type.

[0071] Taking the passability data structure of a 6m span RC solid (hollow) core slab beam of a special vehicle as an example, see Table 1 below, where 1-single lane, 2-double lane, ×-passable, √-impassable.

[0072] Table 1 Basic database structure of bridge passability of a special vehicle (RC solid (hollow) slab beam)

[0073]

[0074] In some specific embodiments, the finite element model is a planar bar model.

[0075] In some specific embodiments, by comparing the shear force and bending moment effect values ​​of the design load and the most unfavorable cross-sectional position of the vehicle load (see formula (1) and (2)), the vehicle's passability result (see formula (3)) is judged. When the ratio of the former to the latter is greater than or equal to 1, the special vehicle can pass, otherwise it cannot pass.

[0076] S 车道 =R0*1.4×(1+u) S' Q1 ×m 汽车 ①

[0077] S 特种 =R0*1.4×S' Q1 ×m 特种 ②

[0078] M 汽 / M 特种 ≥1;Q 汽 / Q 特种 ≥1 ③

[0079] In the above formulas ①, ②, and ③: R0 is the structural importance coefficient, which is considered as 1.1 according to the first-level safety level; S' Q1 ——The effect of cars and people in basic variable load; u——impact coefficient; m 汽车 ——Transverse distribution coefficient of vehicle load; m 特种 ——Transverse distribution coefficient of special vehicle load; Q and M are the most unfavorable shear force and bending moment values ​​of the control section.

[0080] In some specific embodiments, the step S300 specifically includes the following steps:

[0081] S310. In combination with the bridge foundation database of the proposed route, select one bridge with representative structure on the route, such as hollow slab beam, T beam and small box beam.

[0082] S320. Based on the finite element method, a calculation model of the above-selected bridge is established, the impact coefficient u is calculated according to the standard method, and the test conditions and contents are determined according to the requirements of the "Highway Bridge Load Test Code" (JTGTJ20-01-2015).

[0083] S330. Based on the design load level of the bridge and the influence line method, determine the unfavorable position of the special load, calculate the design load effect of the control section and the dynamic load effect of the most unfavorable loading position of the special vehicle, and calculate the dynamic load loading efficiency ηd according to the following formula ④. When ηd < 1.05, a lightweight load test can be carried out, otherwise, the special vehicle cannot pass.

[0084] η d = (1+u)S' 特种 / S' 汽车 ④

[0085] In the above formula ④, S'special type - the static load effect value of the special vehicle of the test control section; S'automobile - the design load effect value of the test control section;

[0086] S340, calculating the strain theoretical calculation value of each measuring point of the above-mentioned control section under the static load of the special vehicle.

[0087] S350. Carry out on-site loading test according to the most unfavorable loading position of special load and collect the measured strain value of each measuring point.

[0088] S360. According to the method of "Highway Bridge Load Test Code" (JTGTJ20-01-2015), calculate the measuring point verification coefficient ξ. When ξ<1, it can be judged that special vehicles can pass, otherwise they cannot pass.

[0089] S370. Verify the test results with the theoretical calculation results of the above-mentioned vehicle passability to ensure the accuracy of the results of the basic database of bridge passability.

[0090] In some specific embodiments, in order to further clarify the passability of special vehicles on three types of bridges, a technical route is adopted Figure 3 The method evaluates the passability results of three types of bridges and supplements the basic data information of bridge passability. The method also includes the following steps:

[0091] S700. Evaluate the passability results of three types of bridges and supplement the basic data information of bridge passability.

[0092] In some specific embodiments, the specific steps of S700 include:

[0093] S710. For the key monitoring bridges planned on the route, on-site surveys shall be carried out to determine whether the technical condition level of the bridge is Class III. Otherwise, Class I and Class II bridges may not be monitored as they are in good technical condition, and Class IV and V bridges are not passable by vehicles and do not need to be monitored.

[0094] S720. Establish a finite element model and determine the monitoring conditions, test sections, measurement point layout, etc. according to the methods of the Highway Bridge Load Test Code (JTGTJ20-01-2015).

[0095] S730, for the control section, calculate the maximum theoretical dynamic strain value W of each measuring point under a standard load. dmax-i (i=1……n, n-number of measuring points), the technical parameters of the standard vehicle are: total weight 50t, front and rear wheelbases are 1.4m and 4.0m respectively, wheelbase is 1.8m, front axle weight is 10t, and middle and rear axle weight is 20t.

[0096] S740: For the key monitoring bridge, a standard vehicle travels at a constant speed of 30 km / h and collects the maximum dynamic deflection value W of each measuring point of the control section on site in a non-contact manner. smax-i (i=1…n, n-number of measuring points).

[0097] S750, using formula ξ i =W smax-i / W dmax-i, calculate the dynamic deflection coefficient ξ of each measuring point i , and the average dynamic deflection coefficient ξ is obtained dmax , when dmax When the value is less than 1, special vehicles can pass through, otherwise they cannot pass through.

[0098] In some specific embodiments, the method further includes the following steps: S800, route planning and navigation.

[0099] In some specific embodiments, the step S800 specifically includes the following steps:

[0100] Based on the matching database of bridge passability results, the common route planning algorithm of the navigation software is adopted to avoid bridges that are inaccessible to special vehicles, roads with height and width restrictions and other locations on the route, and to plan the driving route. Based on the basic functions of the navigation software, special vehicle navigation services are provided.

[0101] Taking the bridge passability assessment of a 87t special vehicle and the route planning and navigation of a third-level highway as an example, the specific operation steps and technical solutions are as follows:

[0102] 1. Establish a model database for the characteristic vehicle. The specific parameters of the vehicle database are shown in Table 1. The number in the table is TX-Y, where X represents the gross weight of the vehicle and Y represents the number of axles of the vehicle.

[0103] Table 1 Special vehicle parameters

[0104]

[0105] 2. Based on the finite element algorithm, the bridge trafficability calculation and analysis software is used to calculate the beam end shear force Q under the design load and special vehicle load. d , Q T , mid-span bending moment W d , W T , the principle of passing judgment is: when Q d / Q T ≥1 and W d / W T When ≥1, special vehicles can pass, otherwise they cannot pass. According to the above calculation principles, a basic database of various types of standard span bridges on the third-level highway route (highway II design load level) for the vehicle is established, and the calculation database results are as follows:

[0106] Table 2 Special vehicles passing through the basic database

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] 3. To verify the accuracy of the above calculation results, based on Figure 2 The technical roadmap of the project is to conduct a lightweight load test on a 13-meter prestressed concrete simply supported hollow slab beam. The loading efficiency of the heavy vehicle is 0.72. The model diagram and measurement point layout diagram are shown in the figure below. Figure 4 , Figure 5 The verification coefficients of the test points (mid-span sections) are shown in Table 3. It can be seen from the test results that the test results are consistent with the theoretical calculation results.

[0110] Table 3 Heavy vehicle lightweight load test results

[0111]

[0112] 4. For the vehicle model to be calculated (87t), based on the route planning function of the navigation software, the driving route is investigated and selected. The basic information data structure of the small and medium span bridges in the route is shown in Table 4 below (in the table, (X, Y) respectively represent the latitude and longitude information of the starting point of the bridge); by comparing the passage results of special vehicles in Table 2, it can be seen that all the bridges on the line in Table 4 can be passed, and the minimum turning radius of the curved route of the route technical level is 25m and the minimum road width is 8m, which meets the passage requirements. Therefore, the selected route is passable for this special vehicle.

[0113] Table 4 Bridge basic information database

[0114]

[0115] 5. For the bridge basic database in Table 4, based on the API interface of the navigation software, the route information is matched with the longitude and latitude information (X, Y) of each bridge, and the route navigation service is provided based on the basic functions of the navigation software.

[0116] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0117] The present invention discloses a method for rapid assessment and route planning of the passability of special heavy-duty vehicle bridges. The method improves the accuracy of bridge passability assessment results, solves the problems of missing passability result judgment of key dangerous bridges, inability to quickly establish passability response plans, and low efficiency of vehicle passage judgment. At the same time, the formed bridge passability basic database provides key basic data support for the subsequent digital vehicle passability safety operation and maintenance system of highway bridges.

Claims

1. A method for rapid assessment of the trafficability of a special heavy vehicle bridge and route planning, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S100, establishing a special vehicle model library: describing the special vehicle model with characteristic parameters of vehicle outer contour dimensions, axle weight, wheelbase and track width, turning radius and swept width; Step S200, establishing a basic database of bridge passability; Step S300, selecting a representative bridge structure to perform a lightweight load test, and comparing and verifying the passability judgment results of the special vehicle model library and the bridge passability basic database; Step S400, establishing a bridge passability result database, comparing the special vehicle to be calculated and the route bridge basic information database data with the bridge passability basic database, if the requirements are met, the bridge passability of the vehicle on the bridge can be determined, and a bridge passability result database is formed; If the requirements are not met, the bridge passability calculation and analysis software can be used to calculate the passability results of the special vehicle model, and the new calculation results can be added to the bridge passability basic database to improve the judgment of the passability results of the same type of vehicle on the same type of bridge next time; Step S500, the bridge passability basic database includes bridge structure information, bridge technical condition information, and bridge starting and ending latitude and longitude data; Step S600: The bridge location matches the navigation software route information.

2. The method for rapid assessment of the passability of a special heavy vehicle bridge and route planning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step S200 specifically includes the following steps: S210, using the developed bridge trafficability calculation and analysis software to calculate the trafficability results of bridge structures with different standard spans under the action of various levels of design loads; S220, the bridge trafficability calculation and analysis software includes: a finite element construction module, a design load calculation module and a vehicle load calculation module; S230. Classify and store the trafficability result data of various special vehicles under various levels of design loads according to the bridge structure type.

3. The method for rapid assessment of the passability of a special heavy vehicle bridge and route planning according to claim 2 is characterized in that: By comparing the shear force and bending moment effect values ​​at the most unfavorable cross-section position of the design load and the vehicle load, see formulas ① and ②, and judging the vehicle's passability, see formula ③. When the ratio of the former to the latter is greater than or equal to 1, special vehicles can pass, otherwise they cannot pass; S 车道 =R0*1.4×(1+u) S' Q1 ×m 汽车 ① S 特种 =R0*1.4×S' Q1 ×m 特种 ② M 汽 / M 特种 ≥1;Q 汽 / Q 特种 ≥1 ③ In the above formulas ①, ②, and ③: R0 is the structural importance coefficient, which is considered as 1.1 according to the first-level safety level; S' Q1 ——The effect of cars and people in basic variable load; u——impact coefficient; m 汽车 ——Transverse distribution coefficient of vehicle load; m 特种 ——Transverse distribution coefficient of special vehicle load; Q and M are the most unfavorable shear force and bending moment values ​​of the control section; S 车道 ——Design lane load effect value; S 特种 ——Special vehicle load effect value; M 汽 ——Design load bending moment value; M 特种 ——Load bending moment value of special vehicles; Q 汽 ——design load shear value; Q 特种 ——Load shear value of special vehicles.

4. The method for rapid assessment of the passability of a special heavy vehicle bridge and route planning according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The step S300 specifically includes the following steps: S310, combining the basic database of bridges on the proposed route, selecting one bridge with a representative structure on each route; S320. Based on the finite element method, a calculation model of the selected bridge is established to determine the test conditions and contents; S330. According to the design load level of the bridge and the influence line method, determine the unfavorable position of the special load, calculate the design load effect of the control section and the dynamic load effect of the most unfavorable loading position of the special vehicle, and calculate the dynamic load efficiency ηd according to the following formula ④. When ηd < 1.05, the lightweight load test can be carried out, otherwise, the special vehicle cannot pass; or d = (1+u)S' 特种 / S' 汽车 ④ In the above formula ④, S'special type is the static load effect value of the special vehicle of the test control section; S'car - the design load effect value of the test control section; S340, calculating the strain theoretical calculation value of each measuring point of the control section under the static load of the special vehicle; S350, carry out on-site loading test according to the most unfavorable loading position of special load, and collect the measured strain values ​​of each measuring point; S360, calculating the measuring point calibration coefficient ξ, when ξ<1, it can be determined that the special vehicle can pass, otherwise it cannot pass; S370. Verify the test results with the theoretical calculation results of the above-mentioned vehicle passability to ensure the accuracy of the results of the bridge passability basic database.

5. The method for rapid assessment of the passability of a special heavy vehicle bridge and route planning according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method further comprises the following steps: S700. Evaluate the passability results of three types of bridges and supplement the basic data information of bridge passability.

6. The method for rapid assessment of the passability of a special heavy vehicle bridge and route planning according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The specific steps of S700 include: S710. For the key monitoring bridges planned on the route, conduct on-site surveys to determine whether the technical condition of the bridge is Class III. Otherwise, Class I and Class II bridges may not be monitored because they are in good technical condition, and Class IV and V bridges are not accessible to vehicles and do not need to be monitored. S720, establish a finite element model, determine the monitoring conditions, test sections, and measurement point layout; S730: Calculate the maximum theoretical dynamic deflection value W of each measuring point under the loading of a standard vehicle for the control section. dmax-i (i=1……n, n-number of measuring points), the technical parameters of the standard vehicle are: total weight 50t, front and rear wheelbases 1.4m and 4.0m respectively, wheelbase 1.8m, front axle weight 10t, middle and rear axle weight 20t; S740: For the key monitoring bridge, the standard vehicle travels at a constant speed of 30 km / h and collects the maximum dynamic deflection value W of each measuring point of the control section on site in a non-contact manner. smax-i (i=1……n, n-number of measuring points); S750, using formula ξ i =W smax-i / W dmax-i , calculate the dynamic deflection coefficient ξ of each measuring point i , and the average dynamic deflection coefficient ξ is obtained dmax , when dmax When the value is less than 1, special vehicles can pass through, otherwise they cannot pass through.

7. The method for rapid assessment of the trafficability of special heavy-duty bridges and route planning according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The method further comprises the following steps: S800, route planning and navigation.

8. The method for rapid assessment of the trafficability of special heavy-duty bridges and route planning according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The step S800 specifically includes the following steps: Based on the matching database of bridge passability results, the common route planning algorithm of the navigation software is adopted to avoid bridges that are inaccessible to special vehicles and locations where height and width restrictions are imposed on the road, and to plan the driving route. Based on the basic functions of the navigation software, special vehicle navigation services are provided.

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