Flood control storage capacity starting method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a flood control reservoir capacity starting method and device. The method comprises the steps that a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model is built with the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum impounding flow of each tail end reservoir as control parameters; constructing a target function according to the excess flood volume of the flood control point; and according to the target function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition, taking a preset flood combination as input, solving to obtain the value of the control parameter, and solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the reservoir outlet flow of each tail end reservoir. According to the invention, by fully considering the differentiated demands of the to-be-scheduled end reservoir and the flood control scene, better allocation of flood control resources is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of reservoir flood control dispatching, and in particular to a method and device for activating flood control reservoir capacity. Background Art

[0002] There are many rivers, the river system is complex, the flood control task covers a wide area, and the flood control dispatch targets are diversified and widely distributed. How to scientifically and reasonably activate the flood control storage capacity of each reservoir to achieve orderly coordination of flood control needs in various regions is the key to the joint flood control dispatch of reservoir groups.

[0003] At present, the method of activating flood control storage capacity is usually based on the design of floods based on the assumption that the flood areas are composed of the same frequency. It is difficult to solve the decision-making problem of activating the flood control storage capacity of a reservoir group under the design floods composed of different flood areas, and thus it is difficult to meet the different needs of river basin flood characteristics and flood control scheduling objects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and device for activating flood control reservoir capacity, which are used to solve the defect in the prior art that it is difficult to meet the different needs of basin flood characteristics and flood control scheduling objects, and to realize a method and device for activating flood control reservoir capacity that can meet the graded flood control needs of flood control compensation objects.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for activating flood control storage capacity, comprising: The flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model is constructed by taking the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters; constructing an objective function according to the excess flood volume at the flood control point; According to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, the preset flood combination is used as input to solve the value of the control parameter, and the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel is solved according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0006] According to a method for activating flood control storage capacity provided by the present invention, the characteristic water level includes a warning water level and a guaranteed water level, and the step of solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir specifically includes: Determine the safe discharge volume of the warning water level and the safe discharge volume of the guaranteed water level according to the historical runoff information of each flood control point; When the water level of the terminal reservoir is less than the water level conversion threshold, the safe discharge of the warning water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point; otherwise, the safe discharge of the guaranteed water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point, wherein the water level conversion threshold is the control parameter obtained by solving.

[0007] According to a method for activating flood control storage capacity provided by the present invention, the step of using the safe discharge of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model specifically includes: Defining the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group formed by the terminal reservoirs according to the safe discharge of the plurality of flood control control points; Defining the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group according to the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group and the inflow of each terminal reservoir; The outflow flow of each terminal reservoir is defined according to the total intercepted flow, the maximum intercepted flow of each terminal reservoir and the preset priority order of each terminal reservoir.

[0008] According to a flood control storage capacity activation method provided by the present invention, the flood control scheduling constraints include reservoir water balance constraints, reservoir water level constraints, reservoir outflow constraints and reservoir scheduling initial water level constraints.

[0009] According to a flood control reservoir capacity activation method provided by the present invention, before the step of taking a preset flood combination as input and solving the value of the control parameter according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition, the method further includes: A plurality of preset flood combinations are pre-designed based on flood characteristics and regional composition features of the target prevention and control area.

[0010] According to a flood control reservoir capacity activation method provided by the present invention, the step of taking a preset flood combination as input and solving the value of the control parameter according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition specifically includes: According to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, a preset flood combination is used as input, and a genetic algorithm is used to solve and obtain the value of the control parameter.

[0011] The present invention also provides a flood control storage capacity activation device, comprising: The first construction module is used to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model by taking the safe discharge of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters; A second construction module is used to construct an objective function according to the excess flood volume of the flood control point; The strategy generation module is used to take the preset flood combination as input according to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, solve the value of the control parameter, and solve the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0012] The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein when the processor executes the program, the method for activating flood control reservoir capacity as described above is implemented.

[0013] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements any of the flood control reservoir capacity activation methods described above.

[0014] The present invention also provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method for activating flood control storage capacity as described above is implemented.

[0015] The flood control reservoir capacity activation method and device provided by the present invention achieve a better allocation of flood control resources by fully considering the differentiated needs of the terminal reservoirs to be scheduled and the flood control scenarios, thereby reducing the potential waste of flood control resources to a certain extent, and formulating differentiated flood control strategies and basin-level flood control standards for different river basin floods, so as to achieve effective utilization of flood resources and maximize flood control benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of the method for activating flood control storage capacity provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the optimized dispatching water level process of a reservoir group in a specific implementation mode of the flood control storage capacity activation method provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the flood control storage capacity activation device provided by the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the electronic device provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Combine the following Figure 1 and Figure 2 The method for activating flood control storage capacity of the present invention is introduced as follows: Figure 1 As shown, including: Step 101, using the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model; The flood control point is the flood control compensation object of the downstream reservoir. When the flood exceeds its own storage capacity, the terminal reservoir of each upstream will discharge flood water to the downstream flood control points.

[0020] The characteristic water levels of flood control points are various water levels that need to be controlled to reach or allowed to drop to in order to complete different tasks at different times of the year and under various hydrological conditions; the safe discharge volume corresponding to the characteristic water levels of flood control points is the flood discharge volume required to ensure that the water levels of each flood control point remain below the corresponding characteristic water levels.

[0021] It can be understood that for a terminal reservoir group composed of several terminal reservoirs, the sum of the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water levels of all flood control points corresponding to the downstream is the maximum outflow that the terminal reservoir group can discharge while ensuring safety. The total amount of water that the terminal reservoir group needs to intercept can be determined based on the inflow of the terminal reservoir group and the maximum outflow of the terminal reservoir group.

[0022] At the same time, the maximum interception flow of each terminal reservoir represents the maximum amount of water that each terminal reservoir can intercept while ensuring its own safety. Therefore, according to the maximum interception flow of each terminal reservoir and the total amount of water that needs to be intercepted by the terminal reservoir group, the amount of water that needs to be intercepted and stored in each terminal reservoir and the timing of its activation can be determined, thereby also determining the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir, which is used as the flood compensation strategy obtained by the flood compensation strategy scheduling sub-model.

[0023] The safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir are taken as the control parameters to be solved to construct a flood compensation strategy scheduling sub-model. After determining the value of the control parameters, the outflow flow and activation timing of each terminal reservoir can be obtained as a flood compensation strategy.

[0024] That is to say, the flood control strategy is used to compensate and adjust the outflow of the terminal reservoir according to the water level state of the terminal reservoir in the tth period and the characteristic water level of the flood control point in the period. Among them, the tth period is any period for compensation and regulation.

[0025] Optionally, before constructing the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model, basic information and scheduling procedures of the reservoirs involved in flood control scheduling are collected in advance.

[0026] The basic information of the reservoir includes the reservoir's characteristic parameters and dispatching operation curve. The characteristic parameters include the reservoir's flood control water level, flood control high water level and flood control storage capacity; the dispatching operation curve includes the water level-storage capacity curve, downstream tailwater level curve and maximum discharge curve. M The control reservoirs are numbered 1, 2, ... in the order from the main stream to the tributaries and from the upstream to the downstream. M , among which the most downstream reservoir (i.e. the reservoir that has direct hydraulic connection with the flood control point) is called the terminal reservoir.

[0027] The dispatching regulations include the reservoir dispatching operation constraints and the characteristic water level of the reservoir flood control compensation object (downstream flood control point). The dispatching operation constraints include the upper and lower limits of the reservoir water level, the upper and lower limits of the outflow flow, etc.; the characteristic water level of the reservoir flood control compensation object (downstream flood control point) includes the warning water level and the guaranteed water level. N There are flood control points, which are numbered 1, 2, ... from upstream to downstream. N .

[0028] Step 102, constructing an objective function according to the excess flood volume of the flood control point; Furthermore, in order to solve the control parameters, the objective function is defined based on the excess flood volume of multiple downstream flood control points.

[0029] Specifically, the flood control safety in the downstream area requires that the terminal reservoir can exert its ability to intercept and store flood water, and effectively reduce the excess flood volume at the downstream flood control point by increasing the water storage capacity of the terminal reservoir. Therefore, the minimum excess flood volume exceeding the characteristic water level of the flood control point can be used as the flood control target to construct the objective function.

[0030] In a feasible implementation, the characteristic water level includes a warning water level. If the water level at the flood control point exceeds the warning water level, flood losses may occur. Therefore, the flood control goal is to minimize the excess flood volume exceeding the warning water level. The constructed objective function can be expressed as: ; In the formula, Q n (t) Indicates that the nth flood control point is in t Traffic volume during the time period; Q w,n Indicates n The safe discharge volume corresponding to the warning water level of each flood control point; Δ t Indicates that the calculation period is long; T is the total number of time periods in the scheduling period; N is the number of flood control points in the study area; The calculation function of excess flood volume exceeding the warning water level is as shown in the following formula: ; Optionally, Δ t and T It is determined according to the total time period to be scheduled. For example, if the total time period to be scheduled is 48 hours, then Δ t Set to 6 hours, T The corresponding number is 8 segments.

[0031] Optionally, the flow rate of the flood control point at the initial moment of the tth period may be used as the flow rate of the flood control point in the tth period.

[0032] In other feasible implementations, according to specific scheduling requirements, other characteristic water levels, such as flood limit water level, flood control high water level, design flood level, etc., can also be used as the design basis of the objective function, and the flood control goal can be minimized as the excess flood volume exceeding the corresponding characteristic water level. The objective function can be constructed in a similar manner.

[0033] Step 103, according to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, the preset flood combination is used as input to solve the value of the control parameter, and the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel is solved according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0034] Among them, flood control scheduling constraints are the constraints imposed on each reservoir within different scheduling periods.

[0035] For example, in order to ensure the ecological guarantee flow and navigation guarantee flow of each reservoir in different time periods, it is necessary to limit the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0036] For another example, in order to ensure the safety of each reservoir at each time period, the amount of water in each reservoir at each time period also needs to be restricted.

[0037] On this basis, a flood combination is designed in advance as input, the objective function is used as the goal of optimization solution, and the flood control scheduling constraints are used as the constraints of optimization solution to solve the control parameters. The flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model can be solved according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow and activation time of each terminal reservoir as the flood control compensation strategy for the preset flood combination.

[0038] Optionally, the preset flood combination is pre-designed based on the historical flood characteristics and geographical features of the area to be dispatched.

[0039] The present invention achieves a better allocation of flood control resources by fully considering the differentiated needs of the terminal reservoirs to be scheduled and the flood control scenarios, reduces the potential waste of flood control resources to a certain extent, and formulates differentiated flood control strategies and basin-level flood control standards for different river basin floods, so as to achieve effective utilization of flood resources and maximize flood control benefits.

[0040] In the flood control storage capacity activation method of the present invention, the characteristic water level includes a warning water level and a guaranteed water level, and the step of solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir specifically includes: Determine the safe discharge volume of the warning water level and the safe discharge volume of the guaranteed water level according to the historical runoff information of each flood control point; Optionally, the characteristic water level in this embodiment includes a warning water level and a guaranteed water level.

[0041] When the water level at the flood control point exceeds the warning water level, it indicates that an early warning of the water level at the current flood control point is required, which may cause flood losses; the guaranteed water level represents the highest water level that guarantees the safety of the flood control point. Therefore, in this embodiment, the guaranteed water level is higher than the warning water level.

[0042] Furthermore, the corresponding safe discharge volume is determined according to the warning water level and guaranteed water level height of each flood control point.

[0043] In a feasible implementation, the water level-flow relationship curve of the corresponding flood control point is obtained by fitting the historical runoff information at each flood control point. The warning water level and the guaranteed water level are found in the water level-flow relationship curve, and the safe discharge volume of the warning water level and the safe discharge volume of the guaranteed water level are determined according to the corresponding flow rate as the first t Constraints on joint flood control operation of reservoir groups at the end of the time period.

[0044] When the water level of the terminal reservoir is less than the water level conversion threshold, the safe discharge of the warning water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point; otherwise, the safe discharge of the guaranteed water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point, wherein the water level conversion threshold is the control parameter obtained by solving.

[0045] Furthermore, a water level conversion threshold is set as the control parameter obtained by the solution. The water level conversion threshold represents the timing of switching the warning water level and the guaranteed water level.

[0046] Specifically, when the current water level of the terminal reservoir is less than the water level conversion threshold, the safe discharge of the warning water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point, which is used to calculate the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir; otherwise, the safe discharge of the guaranteed water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point, which is used to calculate the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0047] That is, when the amount of flood water is small, the flood control scheduling strategy is used to keep the water level of each flood control point below the warning water level; when the amount of flood water is too large, the flood control scheduling strategy is updated by using the safe discharge corresponding to the guaranteed water level, so that the water level of each flood control point can be kept below the guaranteed water level.

[0048] The present invention uses the water level conversion threshold as a control parameter to formulate differentiated flood control strategies and basin-level flood control standards based on the characteristic water level (warning water level / guaranteed water level) of the flood control station, thereby more effectively utilizing flood resources and maximizing flood control benefits.

[0049] In the flood control storage capacity activation method of the present invention, the step of using the safe discharge of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model specifically includes: Defining the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group formed by the terminal reservoirs according to the safe discharge of the plurality of flood control control points; In a feasible implementation, for the nth downstream flood control point, the sum of the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group and the interval inflow between each terminal reservoir and each flood control point is equal to its safe discharge, that is: ; In the formula, For the t The allowable outflow from the terminal reservoir to ensure the safety of the nth flood control point during the period; For the t The inflow from the reservoir to the nth flood control point at the end of the time period.

[0050] In another feasible implementation, based on the above, taking into account the time lag between the terminal reservoir and the flood control point, the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group is as follows: ; In the formula, For the The inflow from the reservoir to the nth flood control point at the end of the time period.

[0051] On this basis, the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group The minimum value corresponding to the safety of all flood control points should be taken , to ensure that each downstream flood control point is in a safe state when the terminal reservoir flows out, as shown below: .

[0052] Defining the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group according to the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group and the inflow of each terminal reservoir; forN The total interception flow of the terminal reservoir group composed of terminal reservoirs is calculated as follows: ; In the formula, For the t The total flow that needs to be intercepted by the reservoir group at the end of the time period; For the mth terminal reservoir in t The inbound flow during the time period.

[0053] The outflow flow of each terminal reservoir is defined according to the total intercepted flow, the maximum intercepted flow of each terminal reservoir and the preset priority order of each terminal reservoir.

[0054] Optionally, the priority of flood control reservoir capacity mobilization is obtained in advance as N The preset priority order of the terminal reservoirs.

[0055] The outflow rate of each terminal reservoir is determined in sequence according to the preset priority order.

[0056] In a feasible implementation, for the terminal reservoir at the kth priority level, its outflow is equal to the smaller value of the inflow minus the total interception flow and the maximum interception flow of the terminal reservoir. If the calculated outflow of the terminal reservoir is less than the reservoir power generation flow, it is equal to the power generation flow, and then the total interception flow of the terminal reservoir group is updated as follows: ; In the formula, For the k The reservoir is t Outbound flow in the time period; For the k The reservoir is t The inbound flow during the time period.

[0057] Let the initial value of k be 1. After updating once, let k=k+1, and then update it successively in the above manner until the calculation is completed for all terminal reservoirs or the total impoundment flow of the terminal reservoir group is zero.

[0058] It can be understood that for the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group in the tth time period, the terminal reservoir with the first priority is first judged. When the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group is less than the maximum intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir, the outflow flow of the terminal reservoir can be directly calculated by subtracting the total intercepted flow from the inflow flow, that is, the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group in this period can be independently intercepted by the terminal reservoir.

[0059] When the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group is greater than the maximum intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir, the outflow of the terminal reservoir is calculated by subtracting the maximum intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir from the inflow, that is, the total intercepted flow is intercepted by the maximum interception capacity of the terminal reservoir, and the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group after the interception by the reservoir is updated. The outflow of the terminal reservoir with the second priority in this period is calculated in the same way, until the activated terminal reservoir can intercept the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group in this period.

[0060] Through the above method, the maximum intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir in each period can be distributed to each terminal reservoir for interception and storage. By calculating the terminal reservoirs activated in each period during the scheduling period and the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir, the outflow flow and activation time of each terminal reservoir during the scheduling period can be determined, thereby obtaining a flood control compensation strategy for the preset flood combination.

[0061] In the flood control storage capacity activation method of the present invention, the flood control scheduling constraints include reservoir water balance constraints, reservoir water level constraints, reservoir outflow constraints and reservoir scheduling initial water level constraints.

[0062] Optionally, the reservoir water balance constraint is as follows: ; In the formula, represents the inflow of the mth terminal reservoir in period t; It represents the outflow of the mth terminal reservoir in the tth period.

[0063] Optionally, the reservoir level constraint is as follows: ; In the formula, and They represent the upper and lower limits of the water level during the dispatch period of the mth terminal reservoir respectively; Represents the water level of the mth terminal reservoir at the tth time period.

[0064] Optionally, the reservoir outflow constraint is as follows: ; In the formula, Indicates that the water level of the mth terminal reservoir in the tth period reaches When , the maximum discharge flow of the terminal reservoir is; It represents the lower limit of the outflow of the mth terminal reservoir in the tth period; and They respectively represent the ecological guarantee flow and navigation guarantee flow of the mth terminal reservoir in the tth period.

[0065] Optionally, the initial water level constraint of the reservoir operation period is as follows: ; In the formula, It represents the initial water level of the mth terminal reservoir during the dispatch period.

[0066] In summary, the flood control scheduling constraints in this implementation include reservoir water balance constraints, reservoir water level constraints, reservoir outflow constraints and reservoir scheduling initial water level constraints, and the above constraints are used as limit solution control parameters.

[0067] In other feasible implementations, flood control scheduling constraints can also be reasonably selected and constructed based on the functions and operating status of each terminal reservoir during the scheduling period, so that each terminal reservoir in the scheduling can meet the scheduling needs while ensuring its normal function.

[0068] In the flood control reservoir capacity activation method of the present invention, before the step of taking the preset flood combination as input and solving the value of the control parameter according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition, the method further includes: A plurality of preset flood combinations are pre-designed based on flood characteristics and regional composition features of the target prevention and control area.

[0069] Optionally, according to the flood characteristics and regional composition features, three typical years are selected: the center of the rainstorm is located in the tributary with less water inflow in the main stream, the center of the rainstorm is located in the main stream with less water inflow in the tributaries, and rainstorms occur simultaneously in the main stream and tributaries. The design flood is calculated according to the design flood results in the scheduling regulations, and the design floods are combined as input to provide a scheduling background for different flood area compositions, and the corresponding flood control scheduling strategy is calculated and generated.

[0070] In the flood control reservoir capacity activation method of the present invention, the step of taking the preset flood combination as input and solving the value of the control parameter according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition specifically includes: According to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, a preset flood combination is used as input, and a genetic algorithm is used to solve and obtain the value of the control parameter.

[0071] In a feasible implementation, the objective function, flood control scheduling constraints and flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model are combined to form a reservoir group joint scheduling model, the preset flood combination is used as the input of the reservoir group joint scheduling model, and the reservoir group joint scheduling model is solved by a genetic algorithm.

[0072] Specifically, the upper and lower limits of each decision variable and the relevant parameters of the genetic algorithm (GA) are first set. Among them, the decision variables represent the key parameters of the flood control compensation scheduling strategy of the reservoir group. In this implementation, they specifically include the timing of activating the flood control storage capacity of the tributary reservoir, the maximum interception flow of the tributary reservoir, and the timing of the warning / guaranteed water level conversion.

[0073] The relevant parameters of the genetic algorithm include the maximum number of iterations. K The probabilities of crossover and mutation are p 1 and p 2. Population size NP wait.

[0074] The genetic algorithm solution first initializes the population and evaluates its fitness. Let the number of iterations k = 1, randomly initialize a parent population, and calculate the flood control target fitness value of each individual in the population based on the flood control scheduling regulations of the scheduling object and the activation method of the flood control storage capacity of the reservoir group.

[0075] The next step is to generate the offspring population. Perform population selection, crossover, and mutation operations to generate the offspring population.

[0076] The population is merged again. The parent population is merged with the child population, and the population size is 2NP at this time.

[0077] Then, for fast non-dominated sorting and crowding calculation, the individuals in the population are non-dominated sorted according to their fitness values, the non-dominated relationship between individuals is determined, and the crowding of each individual is calculated.

[0078] Generate a new child population based on the fast non-dominated sorting result and the congestion degree, and update the number of iterations k=k+1.

[0079] Repeat the above steps from generation of offspring population to iterative update until the number of iterations k reaches the preset maximum value K After the iteration is completed, the optimal solution is extracted from the final parent population to obtain the final decision variables.

[0080] It can be understood that the maximum interception flow of the tributary reservoir in the decision variable in the present embodiment represents the maximum interception flow of each terminal reservoir in the control parameter; the warning / guarantee water level conversion timing represents the water level conversion threshold in the control parameter. At the same time, the safe discharge of each flood control point actually used can be determined according to the water level conversion threshold. Therefore, solving the decision variable means solving the value of the control parameter, so that the value of the control parameter can be substituted into the flood compensation strategy scheduling sub-model, and the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir in each time period is solved, and the flood control scheduling strategy corresponding to the preset flood combination is generated to realize the activation of the flood control storage capacity.

[0081] The present invention combines flood characteristics and regional composition characteristics, considers the frequency and intensity combination of flood extreme events, provides a scheduling background for the flood control scheduling model with different flood area composition design flood combinations, and obtains the flood control reservoir capacity activation plan under different flood area composition scenarios.

[0082] The method for activating flood control storage capacity of the present invention is described below in conjunction with a specific implementation method: First, the basic information and dispatching procedures of the reservoirs involved in flood control dispatching are collected. Among them, the basic information of the reservoirs includes the characteristic parameters and dispatching operation curves of the A and B (B1, B2) reservoir groups. The characteristic parameters include the flood limit water level of the reservoir, the high water level for flood control, and the flood control storage capacity; the dispatching operation curves include the water level-storage capacity curve, the downstream tail water level curve, and the maximum discharge curve. A, B1, and B2 are numbered 1, 2, and 3 respectively, and the most downstream reservoirs (A, B2) are called the terminal reservoirs.

[0083] The dispatching regulations include reservoir dispatching operation constraints and characteristic water levels of reservoir flood control compensation objects (downstream flood control points). Dispatching operation constraints include the upper and lower limits of water levels and outflow flows of reservoir groups A and B (B1, B2); the characteristic water levels of reservoir flood control compensation objects (flood control points in City C) include warning water levels and guaranteed water levels.

[0084] Furthermore, a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model is constructed based on the above information.

[0085] According to the reservoir status in time period t and the downstream graded flood control standards, the safe discharge volume of the flood control point in City C is calculated, and the initial value of t is 1.

[0086] Then, the allowable discharge of each reservoir in period t is calculated based on the safe discharge of the flood control point.

[0087] Among them, for the flood control point in City C, let the sum of the total outflow of the A and B reservoir groups and the inflow between the reservoir and the flood control point be equal to its safe discharge: ; In the formula, is the allowable outflow of Reservoir A to ensure the safety of the flood control point in City C during the tth period; It is the inflow from Reservoir A to the flood control point of City C during the tth period.

[0088] Calculate whether the natural flood exceeds the safe discharge when it evolves to the flood control control point. If it exceeds, the discharge is controlled according to the allowable discharge of each reservoir. Otherwise, the outflow flow in this period is equal to the inflow flow, and flood control is not activated. Among them, natural flood represents the flood simulated by the preset flood combination.

[0089] Furthermore, according to the flood characteristics and regional composition characteristics, 1969 was selected as a typical year representative of the heavy rain center located in the tributary B River and the main stream of the A River with less water, 1981 was selected as a typical year representative of the heavy rain center located in the main stream of the A River and the tributary B River with less water, and 1998 was selected as a representative of the simultaneous occurrence of heavy rains in the main stream of the A River and the tributary B River. According to the design flood results in the dispatching regulations, the floods of stations D and E in the three typical years were amplified at a frequency of 5%, 1%, and 0.1%, and the design floods of A and B were combined as inputs at 0.1% of station D-5% of station E (typical year of 1969), 5% of station D-0.1% of station E (typical year of 1981), and 0.1% of station D-0.1% of station E (typical year of 1998).

[0090] Based on the excess flood volume of the flood control point in City C, the objective function is constructed. According to the functions and characteristics of each reservoir involved in the regulation, the flood control scheduling constraints are determined to build a reservoir group joint scheduling model. The results obtained by using the genetic algorithm are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1

[0091] On this basis, the optimal dispatching water level process of cascade reservoirs A and B under three typical floods is as follows: Figure 2 shown.

[0092] The flood control reservoir capacity activation device provided by the present invention is described below. The flood control reservoir capacity activation device described below and the flood control reservoir capacity activation method described above can be referenced to each other.

[0093] like Figure 3 As shown, the flood control storage capacity activation device of the present invention includes a first construction module 301, a second construction module 302 and a strategy generation module 303: The first construction module 301 is used to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model by taking the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters; The flood control point is the flood control compensation object of the downstream reservoir. When the flood exceeds its own storage capacity, the terminal reservoir of each upstream will discharge flood water to the downstream flood control points.

[0094] The characteristic water levels of flood control points are various water levels that need to be controlled to reach or allowed to drop to in order to complete different tasks at different times of the year and under various hydrological conditions; the safe discharge volume corresponding to the characteristic water levels of flood control points is the flood discharge volume required to ensure that the water levels of each flood control point remain below the corresponding characteristic water levels.

[0095] It can be understood that for a terminal reservoir group composed of several terminal reservoirs, the sum of the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water levels of all flood control points corresponding to the downstream is the maximum outflow that the terminal reservoir group can discharge while ensuring safety. The total amount of water that the terminal reservoir group needs to intercept can be determined based on the inflow of the terminal reservoir group and the maximum outflow of the terminal reservoir group.

[0096] At the same time, the maximum interception flow of each terminal reservoir represents the maximum amount of water that each terminal reservoir can intercept while ensuring its own safety. Therefore, according to the maximum interception flow of each terminal reservoir and the total amount of water that needs to be intercepted by the terminal reservoir group, the amount of water that needs to be intercepted and stored in each terminal reservoir and the timing of its activation can be determined, thereby also determining the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir, which is used as the flood compensation strategy obtained by the flood compensation strategy scheduling sub-model.

[0097] The safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir are taken as the control parameters to be solved to construct a flood compensation strategy scheduling sub-model. After determining the value of the control parameters, the outflow flow and activation timing of each terminal reservoir can be obtained as a flood compensation strategy.

[0098] That is to say, the flood control strategy is used to compensate and adjust the outflow of the terminal reservoir according to the water level state of the terminal reservoir in the tth period and the characteristic water level of the flood control point in the period. Among them, the tth period is any period for compensation and regulation.

[0099] Optionally, before constructing the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model, basic information and scheduling procedures of the reservoirs involved in flood control scheduling are collected in advance.

[0100] The second construction module 302 is used to construct an objective function according to the excess flood volume of the flood control point; Furthermore, in order to solve the control parameters, the objective function is defined based on the excess flood volume of multiple downstream flood control points.

[0101] Specifically, the flood control safety in the downstream area requires that the terminal reservoir can exert its ability to intercept and store flood water, and effectively reduce the excess flood volume at the downstream flood control point by increasing the water storage capacity of the terminal reservoir. Therefore, the minimum excess flood volume exceeding the characteristic water level of the flood control point can be used as the flood control target to construct the objective function.

[0102] In a feasible implementation, the characteristic water level includes a warning water level. If the water level at the flood control point exceeds the warning water level, flood losses may occur. Therefore, minimizing the excess flood volume exceeding the warning water level is the flood control goal.

[0103] In other feasible implementations, according to specific scheduling requirements, other characteristic water levels, such as flood limit water level, flood control high water level, design flood level, etc., can also be used as the design basis of the objective function, and the flood control goal can be minimized as the excess flood volume exceeding the corresponding characteristic water level. The objective function can be constructed in a similar manner.

[0104] The strategy generation module 303 is used to take the preset flood combination as input according to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, solve the value of the control parameter, and solve the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0105] Among them, flood control scheduling constraints are the constraints imposed on each reservoir within different scheduling periods.

[0106] For example, in order to ensure the ecological guarantee flow and navigation guarantee flow of each reservoir in different time periods, it is necessary to limit the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0107] For another example, in order to ensure the safety of each reservoir at each time period, the amount of water in each reservoir at each time period also needs to be restricted.

[0108] On this basis, a flood combination is designed in advance as input, the objective function is used as the goal of optimization solution, and the flood control scheduling constraints are used as the constraints of optimization solution to solve the control parameters. The flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model can be solved according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow and activation time of each terminal reservoir as the flood control compensation strategy for the preset flood combination.

[0109] Optionally, the preset flood combination is pre-designed based on the historical flood characteristics and geographical features of the area to be dispatched.

[0110] The present invention achieves a better allocation of flood control resources by fully considering the differentiated needs of the terminal reservoirs to be scheduled and the flood control scenarios, reduces the potential waste of flood control resources to a certain extent, and formulates differentiated flood control strategies and basin-level flood control standards for different river basin floods, so as to achieve effective utilization of flood resources and maximize flood control benefits.

[0111] Figure 4 An example of a physical structure diagram of an electronic device is shown in FIG. Figure 4As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 410, a communication interface 420, a memory 430 and a communication bus 440, wherein the processor 410, the communication interface 420 and the memory 430 communicate with each other through the communication bus 440. The processor 410 may call the logic instructions in the memory 430 to execute the flood control storage capacity activation method, which includes: using the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum interception flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel; constructing an objective function according to the excess flood volume of the flood control point; according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition, using the preset flood combination as input, solving to obtain the value of the control parameter, and solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0112] In addition, the logic instructions in the above-mentioned memory 430 can be implemented in the form of a software functional unit and can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium when it is sold or used as an independent product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program codes.

[0113] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. The computer program can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the flood control reservoir capacity activation method provided by the above methods, which method includes: using the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model; constructing an objective function based on the excess flood volume of the flood control point; based on the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, using a preset flood combination as input to solve for the value of the control parameter, and solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model based on the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0114] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to execute the flood control reservoir capacity activation method provided by the above-mentioned methods, the method comprising: using the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model; constructing an objective function based on the excess flood volume of the flood control point; based on the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, using a preset flood combination as input to solve for the value of the control parameter, and solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model based on the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

[0115] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the scheme of this embodiment. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand and implement it without paying creative labor.

[0116] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each implementation method can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course, can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solution is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, a disk, an optical disk, etc., including a number of instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in each embodiment or some parts of the embodiments.

[0117] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for activating flood control storage capacity, characterized in that: include: The flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model is constructed by taking the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters; constructing an objective function according to the excess flood volume at the flood control point; According to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, the preset flood combination is used as input to solve the value of the control parameter, and the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel is solved according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

2. The method for activating flood control storage capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The characteristic water level includes a warning water level and a guaranteed water level. The step of solving the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir specifically includes: Determine the safe discharge volume of the warning water level and the safe discharge volume of the guaranteed water level according to the historical runoff information of each flood control point; When the water level of the terminal reservoir is less than the water level conversion threshold, the safe discharge of the warning water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point; otherwise, the safe discharge of the guaranteed water level is determined as the safe discharge corresponding to the characteristic water level of the flood control point, wherein the water level conversion threshold is the control parameter obtained by solving.

3. The method for activating flood control storage capacity according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of using the safe discharge of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model specifically includes: Defining the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group formed by the terminal reservoirs according to the safe discharge of the plurality of flood control control points; Defining the total intercepted flow of the terminal reservoir group according to the total outflow of the terminal reservoir group and the inflow of each terminal reservoir; The outflow flow of each terminal reservoir is defined according to the total intercepted flow, the maximum intercepted flow of each terminal reservoir and the preset priority order of each terminal reservoir.

4. The method for activating flood control storage capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flood control scheduling constraints include reservoir water balance constraints, reservoir water level constraints, reservoir outflow constraints and reservoir scheduling initial water level constraints.

5. The method for activating flood control storage capacity according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the step of taking a preset flood combination as input and solving the value of the control parameter according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition, the step further includes: A plurality of preset flood combinations are pre-designed based on flood characteristics and regional composition features of the target prevention and control area.

6. The method for activating flood control storage capacity according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The step of taking a preset flood combination as input and solving the value of the control parameter according to the objective function and the flood control scheduling constraint condition specifically includes: According to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, a preset flood combination is used as input, and a genetic algorithm is used to solve and obtain the value of the control parameter.

7. A flood control storage capacity activation device, characterized in that: include: The first construction module is used to construct a flood control compensation strategy scheduling sub-model by taking the safe discharge of each flood control point and the maximum storage flow of each terminal reservoir as control parameters; A second construction module is used to construct an objective function according to the excess flood volume of the flood control point; The strategy generation module is used to take the preset flood combination as input according to the objective function and flood control scheduling constraints, solve the value of the control parameter, and solve the flood control compensation strategy scheduling submodel according to the value of the control parameter to obtain the outflow flow of each terminal reservoir.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein: When the processor executes the program, it implements the flood control storage capacity activation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the flood control storage capacity activation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the flood control storage capacity activation method as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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