Main and auxiliary arc-free switch and manufacturing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electric appliances and automatic control, in particular to a main-auxiliary non-arc switch and a manufacturing method thereof, and the main-auxiliary non-arc switch comprises a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a non-contact switch B and a current-limiting resistor R. The main-auxiliary switch A is integrally formed by a main switch K1 and an auxiliary switch K2 and is a linked switch; the difference value delta C between the electrical gap value of the main switch K1 and the electrical gap value of the auxiliary switch K2 is larger than or equal to the international IEC standard and the electrical gap value between the electrical contacts of the single main switch K1 specified by relevant standards of all countries and regions in the world, and the contactless switch B is an arc-free switch. The invention has the beneficial effects that the structure and the manufacturing process are simple, and the cost is low; the deadly defect that a common contact switch is easy to arc is overcome, the deadly defect that a silicon controlled rectifier and a solid-state relay are easy to heat is also overcome, and the switch is stable, reliable, long in service life and highest in cost performance; in a random practical application experiment, the arc extinguishing effect can reach more than 99%, and the hidden danger of arc starting of the switch is fundamentally eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the fields of electrical appliances and automation and intelligent control, and mainly relates to a main and auxiliary switch and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Any circuit cannot be separated from switches during use, but most existing switches will produce arcing at the moment of opening and closing, and the arcing phenomenon will cause the following hazards and potential accidents:

[0003] 1. The instantaneous high temperature and heat generated by the switch arcing can damage the circuits and electrical equipment, and even frequently cause fire accidents.

[0004] 2. This arcing phenomenon will produce instantaneous high-frequency pulses, which will have a particularly great impact on circuits, especially automatic control circuits, program-controlled circuits and intelligent circuits that rely on input signals for control.

[0005] 3. Switch arcing will seriously damage the switch contacts, directly affecting the load capacity and service life of the execution circuit.

[0006] For more than 100 years, the technical solutions to completely solve the hazards of switch arcing have always been a difficult problem for countries around the world. So far, in summary, there are mainly the following mainstream technical solutions:

[0007] 1. The technical solution of vacuum switch (including various vacuum relays) can achieve an arc extinguishing effect of more than 98%, but its structure and manufacturing process are complex and the price is relatively high. It is currently mainly used in aerospace, aviation and underground explosion-proof occasions.

[0008] 2. The technical solution of thyristor and solid-state relay is a contactless switch with an arc extinguishing effect of more than 99%, but it will generate a lot of heat during use and requires the installation of a larger heat sink; on the other hand, the overload current allowed by thyristor is usually 3 times the rated current, and the circuit starting current is normally required to be 3-7 times the rated current. Especially when the circuit load is an inductive load such as an AC motor, the use of thyristor and solid-state relay is far less extensive than that of ordinary AC contactors and ordinary switches.

[0009] 3. The arc blowing (including arc striking and arc changing) technical solution is to improve the switch structure to change the magnetic field strength and arc shape, so that the arc wind generated by arc pulling can dissipate heat and avoid damaging the switch contacts; but the arc extinguishing effect of this technical solution is not very ideal (it is estimated that the best arc extinguishing effect will not exceed 78%), and its structure and manufacturing process are complicated, and the cost performance is not very high. For example, the arc extinguishing AC contactor currently manufactured by Siemens in Germany belongs to this type of arc extinguishing switch.

[0010] 4. Shielding technology solution. The characteristic of this technical solution is that when the switch arcs, a special structure is used to release inert gas or insulating film to isolate the arcing interval, which plays a certain arc extinguishing role. However, its arc extinguishing effect is not very ideal (it is estimated that its arc extinguishing effect will not exceed 50%), and its structure and process are very complicated, with low cost performance.

[0011] 5. Double-point synchronous arc extinguishing technical solution. The characteristic of this technical solution is to shorten the contact conduction time by improving the switch structure and manufacturing process, so as to achieve the purpose of arc extinguishing. This technical solution is simple and practical, and the maximum arc extinguishing effect can only reach 50%. It is one of the most widely used arc extinguishing technical solutions in the world.

[0012] 6. Arc extinguishing technology scheme for main and auxiliary structures. This scheme uses the arc extinguishing characteristics of thyristors and similar controllable contactless switches to control the instantaneous voltage of the switch closing and closing to below 0.3V-0.7V, thereby protecting the main switch contacts from arcing and disconnection. The arc extinguishing effect of this arc extinguishing scheme is very good, and its structure and cost are simple, practical, economical, and cost-effective compared with vacuum switches and solid-state relays. However, since the technical scheme currently has problems in manufacturing methods, parameter settings, and structural optimization, the patented product has always had fatal defects in manufacturing process and service life, resulting in the invention still remaining in the laboratory success stage and unable to be put into practical use on a large scale. Its most fatal defects are:

[0013] (1) Among power transistors, thyristors and other controllable contactless switches, thyristors have the advantages of high efficiency, good control characteristics, fast response speed, long life, small size, light weight, high reliability, easy maintenance, etc., and are simple, practical, economical and have strong vitality. However, as an arc-extinguishing auxiliary switch, thyristors have no arc-extinguishing effect when the circuit current is AC (sine wave) and tends to cross the zero point. If the main switch is turned on or off at this time, it will cause the main switch to arc strongly. The arc-strike probability is: for a power system with a voltage frequency of 50Hz, it is 100 times per second (because the conduction current crosses the zero point twice per cycle), and for a power system with a voltage frequency of 60Hz, it is 120 times per second; in actual circuit use, the closing and opening of the switch is a random event, so this problem is a very fatal problem in the use of thyristors;

[0014] (2) When the circuit power supply is a sinusoidal AC power supply and the load is an inductive load, the main switch is randomly turned on and off. Since the trigger current of the existing main and auxiliary switches is incomplete and unstable, the bidirectional thyristor may be in the cut-off range. In this case, creating a continuous, stable and controllable trigger current becomes the core of the problem of manufacturing arc-free switches.

[0015] (3) The existing technical solutions do not take into account the influence of the difference between the electrical gap of the main switch contact and the electrical gap of the auxiliary switch contact on the arc extinguishing effect. The actual situation is: the international IEC standard, as well as any country or region in the world, based on different power supply voltages and insulation levels, as well as other factors, have relevant strict standards for the electrical gap between switch contacts. If the electrical gap value of the switch is less than this standard, arcing will occur. Usually, the existing main and auxiliary switch products often only focus on the electrical gap value of a single switch during the manufacturing process, that is, the electrical gap value of a single switch specified by the relevant standards, but do not pay attention to the electrical gap value of the main and auxiliary switches. In fact, the main and auxiliary switches A (see Figure 1 ) is a compound switch, which will cause logical confusion in the action of the main and auxiliary switches. This is a big misunderstanding and a basic core issue in the manufacturing process of the main and auxiliary switches.

[0016] 7. Complementary circuit arc extinguishing technology solution. The characteristic of this technology solution is to use the time difference in response speed between the two switches when the two switches are connected in parallel to complement each other, and take turns to be turned on and off instantly. As a switch node, it can eliminate 50% of the arcing hazards. Combined with the switch dual-point synchronous arc extinguishing solution, the arc extinguishing effect can reach more than 75%, and its load capacity can be expanded by more than 2 times, and its service life can be increased by 3-5 times. Although this arc extinguishing solution has a good cost-effectiveness, its arc extinguishing effect is not very ideal, so it cannot be used in occasions with particularly high requirements for arc extinguishing. Summary of the invention

[0017] In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings and technical difficulties, the object of the present invention is to provide a main and auxiliary arc-free switch and a manufacturing method.

[0018] Solution 1: A main-auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, and a contactless switch B, thereby forming a main-auxiliary arc-free switch; (1) The main-auxiliary switch A is composed of a main switch K1 and an auxiliary switch K2 as a whole, and is a linkage switch. The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main-auxiliary arc-free switch is randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; (2) The difference ΔC between the electrical gap value of the main switch K1 and the electrical gap value of the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical gap value between the electrical contacts of a single main switch K1 specified in the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world; (3) The contactless switch B is an arc-free switch;

[0019] The manufacturing method is as follows:

[0020] Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon;

[0021] Step 2: In order to fully guarantee the logical conditions proposed in step 1, a new concept of ΔC difference must be proposed for the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary arc-free switch A of the present invention. The present invention defines ΔC as: ΔC = electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 - electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2. The electrical clearance concept defined in the present invention includes creepage distance, which must also meet the standards. For the electrical clearance value in the case of a single switch, the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world have strict regulations. On this basis, the present invention stipulates that: ΔC must be greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value of the single switch specified in the relevant standards; to ensure that the main switch K1 will not accidentally arc when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on and off:

[0022] During the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 and the contactless switch B are turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first; at the moment of on and off, since the contactless switch B is turned on first and then turned off, and the difference ΔC of the electrical gap between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical gap specified in the relevant regional and national standards, the conditions described in step 1 are met, and since the contactless switch B is an arc-free switch, the main and auxiliary arc-free switches will not start an arc; after the main switch K1 is turned on, the voltage between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 is zero, so the contactless switch B is in a cut-off state and will not heat up; at the moment of disconnection of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches: the main switch K1 is turned off first, and the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on synchronously, triggering the contactless switch B to turn on, so the main switch K1 will not start an arc; finally, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, the trigger current disappears, and the contactless switch B is cut off at zero crossing; since the trigger circuit of the contactless switch B is a weak current, the auxiliary switch K2 will not start an arc.

[0023] Solution 2: A main-auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, and a bidirectional thyristor SCR, thereby forming a main-auxiliary arc-free switch; (1) The main-auxiliary switch A is composed of a main switch K1 and an auxiliary switch K2 as a whole, and is a linkage switch. The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main-auxiliary arc-free switch is randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off first; (2) The difference ΔC between the electrical gap value of the main switch K1 and the electrical gap value of the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical gap value between the electrical contacts of a single main switch K1 specified in the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world; (3) The bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch;

[0024] The manufacturing method is as follows:

[0025] Step 1: Confirm the structural logic relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off. During the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon;

[0026] Step 2: In order to fully guarantee the logical conditions proposed in step 1, a new concept of ΔC difference must be proposed for the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary arc-free switch A of the present invention. The present invention defines ΔC as: ΔC = electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 - electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2. The electrical clearance concept defined in the present invention includes creepage distance, which must also meet the standards. For the electrical clearance value in the case of a single switch, the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world have strict regulations. On this basis, the present invention stipulates that: ΔC must be greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value of the single switch specified in the relevant standards; to ensure that the main switch K1 will not accidentally arc when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on and off:

[0027] During the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 and the bidirectional thyristor SCR are turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first; at the moment of on and off, since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is turned on first and then turned off, and the difference ΔC of the electrical gap between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical gap specified in the relevant regional and national standards, the conditions described in step 1 are met, so the main switch K1 will not arc; and since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch, the main switch K1 will not arc Arc; when the main switch K1 is turned on, the voltage between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 is zero, so the contactless switch B is in the off state and will not generate heat; at the moment when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are disconnected: the main switch K1 is turned off first, and the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on synchronously, triggering the contactless switch B to turn on, so the main switch K1 will not arc; finally, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, the triggering current disappears, and the contactless switch B is cut off at zero crossing; since the trigger circuit of the contactless switch B is a weak current, the auxiliary switch K2 will not arc.

[0028] Solution 3: A main-auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, and a transistor T, thereby forming a main-auxiliary arc-free switch; (1) The main-auxiliary switch A is composed of a main switch K1 and an auxiliary switch K2 as a whole, and is a linkage switch. The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main-auxiliary arc-free switch is randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off first; (2) The difference ΔC between the electrical gap value of the main switch K1 and the electrical gap value of the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical gap value between the electrical contacts of a single main switch K1 specified in the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world; (3) The transistor T is an arc-free switch;

[0029] The manufacturing method is as follows:

[0030] Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A: At the moment of turning on and off the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random turning on and off of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon;

[0031] Step 2: In order to fully guarantee the logical conditions proposed in step 1, a new concept of ΔC difference must be proposed for the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary arc-free switch A of the present invention. The present invention defines ΔC as: ΔC = electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 - electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2. The electrical clearance concept defined in the present invention includes creepage distance, which must also meet the standards. For the electrical clearance value in the case of a single switch, the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world have strict regulations. On this basis, the present invention stipulates that: ΔC must be greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value of the single switch specified in the relevant standards; to ensure that the main switch K1 will not accidentally arc when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on and off:

[0032] During the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 and the transistor T are turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first; at the moment of on and off, since the transistor T is turned on first and then turned off, and the difference ΔC of the electrical gap between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical gap specified in the relevant regional and national standards, the conditions described in step 1 are met, so the main switch K1 will not arc; and since the transistor T is an arc-free switch, the main switch K1 will not arc; after the main switch K1 is turned on, the voltage between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 is zero, so the transistor T is in the off state and will not heat up; at the moment of disconnection of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches: the main switch K1 is turned off first, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on synchronously, and the transistor T is triggered to turn on, so the main switch K1 will not arc; finally, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, the trigger current disappears, and the transistor T is turned off; since the trigger circuit of the transistor T is a weak current, the auxiliary switch K2 will not arc.

[0033] Solution 4: According to Solution 3, no matter the transistor T is an NPN transistor or a PNP transistor, it has exactly the same implementation principle and effect as Solution 3.

[0034] Solution 5: A main-auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, a trigger capacitor C, and a bidirectional thyristor SCR, thereby forming a main-auxiliary arc-free switch, (1) the main-auxiliary switch A is composed of a main switch K1 and an auxiliary switch K2 as a whole, and is a linkage switch, and the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main-auxiliary arc-free switch is randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main The switch K1 is turned on last and turned off first; (2) the difference ΔC between the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value and creepage distance value between the electrical contacts of a single main switch K1 specified in the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions around the world; (3) the trigger capacitor C is connected in series between the trigger circuit of the auxiliary switch K2 and the P2 pole, and its common contact is connected to the trigger pole of the bidirectional thyristor SCR; (4) the contactless switch B is a bidirectional thyristor SCR;

[0035] The manufacturing method is as follows:

[0036] Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A: At the moment of turning on and off the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random turning on and off of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon;

[0037] Step 2: In order to fully guarantee the logical conditions proposed in step 1, a new concept of ΔC difference must be proposed for the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary arc-free switches of the present invention. The present invention defines ΔC as: ΔC = electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 - electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2. The electrical clearance concept defined in the present invention includes creepage distance, which must also comply with the standard. For the electrical clearance and creepage distance of a single switch, the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world have strict regulations. On this basis, the present invention stipulates that: ΔC must be greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value of a single switch specified in the relevant standards; to ensure that the main switch K1 will not accidentally arc when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on and off:

[0038] Step 3: Since the trigger capacitor C is an energy storage element, when the power frequency is in a sinusoidal state, the trigger capacitor C is charged and discharged through the bidirectional thyristor SCR, the current limiting resistor R, and the auxiliary switch K2, forming a very stable superimposed full-wave trigger current, covering the zero-crossing interval of the bidirectional thyristor SCR, and triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to be steady-state saturated and turned on;

[0039] During the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the bidirectional thyristor SCR is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first. At the moment of on and off, since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is turned on first and then turned off, and the difference ΔC of the electrical gap between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical gap specified in the relevant regional and national standards, the conditions described in step 1 are met, and during the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the bidirectional thyristor SCR is always in a triggered state, so the main and auxiliary arc-free switches will not arc; when the main switch After the switch K1 is turned on, the voltage between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 is zero, so the bidirectional thyristor SCR is in the off state and will not generate heat; in the main and auxiliary arc-free switch shut-down process: after the main switch K1 is turned off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on synchronously, triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to turn on, so the main switch K1 will not start an arc, and then the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, the trigger current disappears, and the bidirectional thyristor SCR is cut off at zero crossing; since the trigger circuit of the bidirectional thyristor SCR is a weak current, the auxiliary switch K2 will not start an arc.

[0040] Solution 6: A main-auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current-limiting resistor R, a trigger capacitor C, a bidirectional diode D, and a bidirectional thyristor SCR, thereby forming a main-auxiliary arc-free switch, (1) the main-auxiliary switch A is composed of a main switch K1 and an auxiliary switch K2 as a whole, and is a linkage switch, and the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main-auxiliary arc-free switch is randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first; (2) the main switch The difference ΔC between the electrical clearance value of K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value and creepage distance value between the electrical contacts of a single main switch K1 specified in the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions around the world; (3) the trigger capacitor C is connected in series between the auxiliary switch K2 trigger circuit and the P2 pole, and its common contact is connected to the trigger pole of the bidirectional thyristor SCR; the bidirectional diode D is connected in series between the common contact of the auxiliary switch K2 trigger circuit and the trigger capacitor C and the trigger pole of the bidirectional thyristor SCR; (4) the bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch;

[0041] The manufacturing method is as follows:

[0042] Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon;

[0043] Step 2: In order to fully guarantee the logical conditions proposed in step 1, a new concept of ΔC difference must be proposed for the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary arc-free switches of the present invention. The present invention defines ΔC as: ΔC = electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 - electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2. The electrical clearance concept defined in the present invention includes creepage distance, which must also comply with the standard. For the electrical clearance and creepage distance of a single switch, the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world have strict regulations. On this basis, the present invention stipulates that: ΔC must be greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value of a single switch specified in the relevant standards; to ensure that the main switch K1 will not accidentally arc when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on and off:

[0044] Step 3: Since the trigger capacitor C is an energy storage element, when the power frequency is in a sinusoidal wave, the trigger capacitor C is charged and discharged through the bidirectional thyristor SCR, the current limiting resistor R, and the auxiliary switch K2, forming a very stable superimposed full-wave trigger current, covering the zero-crossing interval of the bidirectional thyristor SCR, and triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to conduct steadily;

[0045] Step 4: A bidirectional diode D is connected in series between the auxiliary switch K2, the common point of the trigger capacitor C and the trigger electrode of the bidirectional thyristor SCR. Due to the internal resistance of the bidirectional diode D, a conduction voltage threshold is formed between the auxiliary switch K2, the trigger capacitor C and the bidirectional thyristor SCR. Its functions are: first, when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, it ensures that the bidirectional thyristor SCR is stably cut off at zero crossing; second, it prevents the bidirectional thyristor SCR from being suddenly turned on due to occasional fluctuation factors;

[0046] During the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the bidirectional thyristor SCR is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first. At the moment of on and off, since the auxiliary switch K2 and the bidirectional thyristor SCR are turned on first and then turned off, and the electrical clearance difference ΔC between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical clearance specified in the relevant regional and national standards, the conditions described in step 1 are met, so the main switch K1 will not start arcing in advance; and during the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the bidirectional thyristor SCR is always in a triggered state, so the main and auxiliary arc-free switches will not start arcing; when the main After the switch K1 is turned on, the voltage between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 is zero, so the bidirectional thyristor SCR is in the off state and will not generate heat; during the shut-down process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches: the main switch K1 is turned off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on synchronously, triggering the contactless switch B to turn on, so the main switch K1 will not start an arc; the moment the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, the trigger current disappears, and due to the voltage threshold of the bidirectional diode D, the bidirectional thyristor SCR is timely and stably zero-crossed and cut off; since the trigger circuit of the bidirectional thyristor SRC is a weak current, the auxiliary switch K2 will not start an arc.

[0047] Solution 7: Based on Solution 6, a delay resistor R1 is connected in series between the output end of the auxiliary switch K2 circuit, the common contact of the trigger capacitor C and the trigger electrode of the bidirectional thyristor SCR. The trigger time of the bidirectional thyristor SCR pair can be extended or shortened according to the resistance value of the delay resistor R1, thereby controlling the conduction time length of the bidirectional thyristor SCR.

[0048] Solution 8: According to Solution 5, since the inductor L is also an energy storage element, if the trigger capacitor C is replaced by the inductor L, its arc extinguishing principle and effect are the same as those in Solution 5; similarly, according to Solution 6, since the inductor L is also an energy storage element, if the trigger capacitor C is replaced by the inductor L, its arc extinguishing principle and effect are the same as those in Solution 6.

[0049] According to the scheme 1, the international IEC standards and relevant standards of various countries and regions around the world stipulate that: a single switch is limited by power supply voltage, insulation level, air pressure, environment and other conditions, and its electrical clearance and creepage distance will not be the same. Therefore, when implementing the present invention, we should implement it on the basis of the specific provisions of the international IEC standards and relevant standards of various countries and regions around the world; specific issues should be analyzed specifically, and the present invention stipulates that as long as the claims of the present invention are implemented on the basis of the specific provisions of the international IEC standards and relevant standards of various countries and regions around the world, they all belong to the protection content of the present invention.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0051] 1. The existing main and auxiliary arc extinguishing technical solutions have unique advantages in that they are simple, practical, economical and cost-effective. However, the existing main and auxiliary switches still have three fatal defects. The present invention aims at the three fatal defects mentioned in the technical background, fundamentally overcomes the three major problems, realizes a qualitative leap and significant technical progress in the main and auxiliary switches, and paves the way for product upgrading;

[0052] 2. Compared with the existing arc extinguishing technical solutions, the technical progress advantages of the present invention are obvious, which are specifically reflected in the following aspects:

[0053] (1) The technical solution of the present invention solves the core key problem existing in existing products: that is, when the auxiliary switch is not turned on, the main switch has already started arcing, and when the auxiliary switch is turned off, the main switch still starts arcing; compared with existing products, significant technical progress has been achieved;

[0054] (2) It not only overcomes the problems of unstable trigger current and continuous switching of the existing main and auxiliary switches, but also achieves the optimal design of this innovative product, that is, it solves the defect of easy arcing of ordinary contact switches, and overcomes the defect of easy heating of thyristors and solid-state relays. It has good arc extinguishing effect, stable and reliable, economical and long service life. Compared with the current mainstream arc extinguishing technology solutions in the world, it has the highest cost performance;

[0055] 3. Compared with the existing arc extinguishing technical solutions, it is believed that this low-priced, high-performance main and auxiliary arc-free switch will play a particularly important role and far-reaching significance after it goes on the market, especially for eliminating hidden dangers of fire accidents and ensuring fire safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Figure 1 It is a basic circuit structure diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0057] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a slave circuit of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0058] Figure 3 2 is a circuit diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0059] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a slave circuit of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0060] Figure 5 3 is a circuit diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0061] Figure 6 4 is a circuit diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0062] Figure 7 4 is a circuit diagram of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0063] Figure 8 4 is a circuit diagram of embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0064] Fig. 9 1 is a diagram of the on-current waveform of the main switch K1 in embodiments 1 and 5 of the present invention.

[0065] Fig.10 It is a conduction current waveform diagram of the bidirectional thyristor SCR according to embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0066] Fig.11 It is a trigger current waveform diagram of the bidirectional thyristor SCR according to embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0067] Fig.12 Schematic diagram of the rocker switch according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

[0068] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of a knife switch according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0069] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the loaded circuit of embodiments 1, 3, 4 and 5 of the present invention.

[0070] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of a loaded circuit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0071] Codes and names of components in the above figures:

[0072] P1, first electrode, P2, second electrode, A, main and auxiliary switches, K1, main switch, K2, auxiliary switch, B, contactless switch, T, transistor, R, current limiting resistor, R1, delay resistor, R2, clamping resistor, C, trigger capacitor, D, bidirectional diode, L, inductor, SCR, bidirectional thyristor, Ic, on-state current, Ib, trigger current, ΔC, electrical gap difference between K1 and K2, 1, fixed electrical contacts of rocker switch, 2, knife switch, K13, fixed electrical contacts of main switch K1, K23, fixed electrical contacts of auxiliary switch K2, P, direction of external force. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] The present invention is now described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0074] Embodiment 1: Press Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig.12 , Fig.14 It is required to connect the main and auxiliary arc-free switches with a 1kW single-phase AC motor YD to form a main and auxiliary arc-free switch loaded circuit;

[0075] Then connect to AC 220V 50Hz power supply;

[0076] Figure 2 , Fig.12 , a main-auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current-limiting resistor R, and a bidirectional thyristor SCR, thereby constituting a main-auxiliary arc-free switch; (1) the main-auxiliary arc-free switch is a seesaw switch, and the seesaw switch is a linkage switch (see Fig.12 ); (2) The rocker switch is above the two rocker switch fixed electrical contacts 1, and the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 are correspondingly arranged, and the two rocker switch fixed electrical contacts 1 are integrally connected (please refer to Fig.12 ); The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first; (3) The bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch;

[0077] The manufacturing method is as follows:

[0078] Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon;

[0079] Step 2: In order to fully guarantee the logical conditions proposed in step 1, the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 is set to 3.2mm, and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 is set to 0.6mm, where ΔC = 3.2mm = 0.6mm = 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard and fully meets the structural logical conditions proposed in step 1;

[0080] Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.12 , Fig.14 , when the external force applies pressure to the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 synchronously along the P direction, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first. At this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard, so the main switch K1 will not cause accidental arcing. On the contrary, when the external force applies pressure to the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 synchronously along the opposite direction of the P direction, the main switch K1 is disconnected first, and then the auxiliary switch K2 is disconnected. Similarly, at this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard, so the main switch K1 will not cause accidental arcing. During the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 and the bidirectional thyristor SCR are turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first. At the instant of on and off, since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is turned on first and then turned off, and the electrical gap difference ΔC between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 (please refer to Fig.12 ,) is greater than or equal to the electrical clearance specified in the relevant regional and national standards, and the conditions described in step 1 are met. Since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch, the main and auxiliary arc-free switches will not arc; when the main switch K1 is turned on, the voltage between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 is zero, so the bidirectional thyristor SCR is in a cut-off state and will not generate heat; at the moment when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are disconnected: the main switch K1 is turned off first, and the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on synchronously, triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to turn on, so the main switch K1 will not arc; finally, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, the triggering current disappears, and the bidirectional thyristor SCR is cut off at zero crossing; since the trigger circuit of the bidirectional thyristor SCR is a weak current, the auxiliary switch K2 will not arc.

[0081] Embodiment 2: Press Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Fig.15 It is required to connect the main and auxiliary arc-free switches and 0.75kW DC motor YD together to form a main and auxiliary arc-free switch loaded circuit;

[0082] Then connect to a DC 80V regulated power supply or battery;

[0083] Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Fig.12 , a main-auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current-limiting resistor R, and a transistor T, thereby constituting a main-auxiliary arc-free switch; (1) the main-auxiliary arc-free switch is a seesaw switch, and the seesaw switch is a linkage switch (see Fig.12 ); (2) The rocker switch is above the two rocker switch fixed electrical contacts 1, and the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 are correspondingly arranged, and the two rocker switch fixed electrical contacts 1 are integrally connected (please refer to Fig.12 ); The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; (3) The transistor T is an arc-free switch;

[0084] The manufacturing method is as follows:

[0085] Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon;

[0086] Step 2: In order to fully guarantee the logical conditions proposed in step 1, the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 is set to 2.2mm, and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 is set to 0.5mm, where ΔC = 2.2mm = 0.5mm = 1.7mm, which is larger than the 0.8mm specified in the standard and fully meets the structural logical conditions proposed in step 1;

[0087] Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Fig.12 , Fig.15 , when the external force applies pressure to the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 synchronously along the P direction, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first. At this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 1.7mm, which is larger than the 0.8mm specified in the standard, so the main switch K1 will not cause accidental arcing. On the contrary, when the external force applies pressure to the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 synchronously along the opposite direction of the P direction, the main switch K1 is disconnected first, and then the auxiliary switch K2 is disconnected. Similarly, at this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 1.7mm, which is larger than the 0.8mm specified in the standard, so the main switch K1 will not cause accidental arcing. During the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 and the transistor T are turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first. At the moment of on and off, since the transistor T is turned on first and then turned off, and the electrical gap difference ΔC between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 (please refer to Fig.12,) is greater than or equal to the electrical gap specified in the relevant regional and national standards, and the conditions described in step 1 are met. Since the transistor T is an arc-free switch, the main and auxiliary arc-free switches will not arc. When the main switch K1 is turned on, the voltage between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 is zero, so the transistor T is in a cut-off state and will not generate heat. At the moment when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are disconnected: the main switch K1 is turned off first, and the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on synchronously, triggering the transistor T to turn on, so the main switch K1 will not arc. Finally, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, the trigger current disappears, and the transistor T is turned off. Since the trigger circuit of the transistor T is a weak current, the auxiliary switch K2 will not arc. Whether the transistor T is an NPN type tube or a PNP type tube, its implementation principle and implementation effect are the same.

[0088] Embodiment 3: Press Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 It is required to connect the main and auxiliary arc-free switches with a 1kW single-phase AC motor YD to form a main and auxiliary arc-free switch loaded circuit;

[0089] Then connect to AC 220V 50Hz power supply;

[0090] Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Fig.13 , a main and auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main and auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, a trigger capacitor C, and a bidirectional thyristor SCR, thereby forming a main and auxiliary arc-free switch; (1) the main and auxiliary arc-free switch is a knife switch, and the knife switch is a linkage switch (see Fig.13 ); (2) the knife switch is disposed above two fixed electrical contacts of the knife switch (the main switch K1 fixed electrical contact K13 and the auxiliary switch K2 fixed electrical contact K23), and the knife 2 is disposed correspondingly; the two fixed electrical contacts K13 and K23 of the knife switch are insulated from each other (please refer to Fig.13 ); The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; (3) The bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch;

[0091] The manufacturing method is as follows:

[0092] Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon;

[0093] Step 2: In order to fully guarantee the logical conditions proposed in step 1, the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 is set to 3.2mm, and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 is set to 0.6mm, where ΔC = 3.2mm = 0.6mm = 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard and fully meets the structural logical conditions proposed in step 1;

[0094] Step 3: The value of the trigger capacitor C is determined according to the following principles: (1) it is determined according to the specific rated trigger current value of the bidirectional thyristor SCR; (2) it cannot cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1;

[0095] Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 When the external force exerts a force on the knife 2 to press it down, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first. At this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard. Then the main switch K1 is turned on, so it will not cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1. On the contrary, when the external force exerts a force on the knife 2 in the opposite direction to pull it up, the main switch K1 is turned off first, and then the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off. Similarly, at this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard, so it will not cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1. During the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 and the bidirectional thyristor SCR are turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first. At the moment of on and off, since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is turned on first and then turned off, and the electrical gap difference ΔC between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 (please refer to Fig.12 ,) is greater than or equal to the electrical clearance specified in the relevant regional and national standards, and meets the conditions described in step 1. Since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch, the main and auxiliary arc-free switches will not start an arc; when the main switch K1 is turned on, the voltage between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 is zero, so the bidirectional thyristor SCR is in a cut-off state and will not generate heat; at the moment when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are disconnected: the main switch K1 is turned off first, and the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on synchronously, triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to turn on, so the main switch K1 will not start an arc; finally, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, the trigger current disappears, and the bidirectional thyristor SCR is cut off at zero crossing; in this process, since the trigger capacitor C is an energy storage element, when the power frequency of the power supply is in a sinusoidal wave state, the trigger capacitor C is charged and discharged through the bidirectional thyristor SCR, the current limiting resistor R, and the auxiliary switch K2, forming a very stable superimposed full-wave trigger current (please refer to Fig.11 ), covering the zero-crossing interval of the bidirectional thyristor SCR, triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to be steadily saturated and turned on; since the trigger circuit of the bidirectional thyristor SCR is a weak current, the auxiliary switch K2 will not start an arc.

[0096] Embodiment 4: Press Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 It is required to connect the main and auxiliary arc-free switches with a 1kW single-phase AC motor YD to form a main and auxiliary arc-free switch loaded circuit;

[0097] Then connect to AC 220V 50Hz power supply;

[0098] Figure 1 , Figure 6 , Fig.13 , a main and auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main and auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, a trigger capacitor C, a bidirectional diode D, and a bidirectional thyristor SCR, thereby forming a main and auxiliary arc-free switch; (1) the main and auxiliary arc-free switch is a knife switch, and the knife switch is a linkage switch (see Fig.13 ); (2) the knife switch is disposed above two fixed electrical contacts of the knife switch (the main switch K1 fixed electrical contact K13 and the auxiliary switch K2 fixed electrical contact K23), and the knife 2 is disposed correspondingly; the two fixed electrical contacts K13 and K23 of the knife switch are insulated from each other (please refer to Fig.13 ); The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; (3) The bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch;

[0099] The manufacturing method is as follows:

[0100] Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon;

[0101] Step 2: In order to fully guarantee the logical conditions proposed in step 1, the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 is set to 3.2mm, and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 is set to 0.6mm, where ΔC = 3.2mm = 0.6mm = 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard and fully meets the structural logical conditions proposed in step 1;

[0102] Step 3: The value of the trigger capacitor C is determined according to the following principles: (1) it is determined according to the specific rated trigger current value of the bidirectional thyristor SCR; (2) it cannot cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1;

[0103] Step 4: A bidirectional diode D is connected in series between the auxiliary switch K2, the common point of the trigger capacitor C and the trigger electrode of the bidirectional thyristor SCR. Due to the internal resistance of the bidirectional diode D, a conduction voltage threshold is formed between the auxiliary switch K2, the trigger capacitor C and the bidirectional thyristor SCR. Its functions are: first, when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, it ensures that the bidirectional thyristor SCR is stably cut off at zero crossing; second, it prevents the bidirectional thyristor SCR from being suddenly turned on due to occasional fluctuation factors;

[0104] Figure 1 , Figure 5 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 When the external force exerts a force on the knife 2 to press it down, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first. At this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard. Then the main switch K1 is turned on, so it will not cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1. On the contrary, when the external force exerts a force on the knife 2 in the opposite direction to pull it up, the main switch K1 is turned off first, and then the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off. Similarly, at this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard, so it will not cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1. During the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 and the bidirectional thyristor SCR are turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first. At the moment of on and off, since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is turned on first and then turned off, and the electrical gap difference ΔC between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 (please refer to Fig.12 ,) is greater than or equal to the electrical clearance specified in the relevant regional and national standards, and meets the conditions described in step 1. Since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch, the main and auxiliary arc-free switches will not start an arc; when the main switch K1 is turned on, the voltage between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 is zero, so the bidirectional thyristor SCR is in a cut-off state and will not generate heat; at the moment when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are disconnected: the main switch K1 is turned off first, and the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on synchronously, triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to turn on, so the main switch K1 will not start an arc; finally, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, the trigger current disappears, and the bidirectional thyristor SCR is cut off at zero crossing; in this process, since the trigger capacitor C is an energy storage element, when the power frequency of the power supply is in a sinusoidal wave state, the trigger capacitor C is charged and discharged through the bidirectional thyristor SCR, the current limiting resistor R, and the auxiliary switch K2, forming a very stable superimposed full-wave trigger current (please refer to Fig.11), covering the zero-crossing interval of the bidirectional thyristor SCR, triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to be steadily saturated and turned on; since the trigger circuit of the bidirectional thyristor SCR is a weak current, the auxiliary switch K2 will not start an arc; since a bidirectional diode D is connected in series between the auxiliary switch K2, the common contact of the trigger capacitor C and the trigger electrode of the bidirectional thyristor SCR, and since the bidirectional diode D has an internal resistance, a turn-on voltage threshold is formed between the auxiliary switch K2, the trigger capacitor C and the bidirectional thyristor SCR, which has the following functions: first, when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, it ensures that the bidirectional thyristor SCR is stably cut off at zero crossing, and second, it prevents the bidirectional thyristor SCR from being suddenly turned on due to occasional fluctuation factors. Obviously, this is indeed a significant technical advancement in improving the working stability and reliability of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches.

[0105] Embodiment 5: Press Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 It is required to connect the main and auxiliary arc-free switches with a 1kW single-phase AC motor YD to form a main and auxiliary arc-free switch loaded circuit;

[0106] Then connect to AC 220V 50Hz power supply;

[0107] Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Fig.13 , a main and auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main and auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, a trigger capacitor C, a bidirectional diode D, a delay resistor R1, and a bidirectional thyristor SCR, thereby forming a main and auxiliary arc-free switch; (1) the main and auxiliary arc-free switch is a knife switch, and the knife switch is a linkage switch (see Fig.13 ); (2) the knife switch is disposed above two fixed electrical contacts of the knife switch (the main switch K1 fixed electrical contact K13 and the auxiliary switch K2 fixed electrical contact K23), and the knife 2 is disposed correspondingly; the two fixed electrical contacts K13 and K23 of the knife switch are insulated from each other (please refer to Fig.13 ); The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; (3) The bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch;

[0108] The manufacturing method is as follows:

[0109] Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon;

[0110] Step 2: In order to fully guarantee the logical conditions proposed in step 1, the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 is set to 3.2mm, and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 is set to 0.6mm, where ΔC = 3.2mm = 0.6mm = 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard and fully meets the structural logical conditions proposed in step 1;

[0111] Step 3: The value of the trigger capacitor C is determined according to the following principles: (1) it is determined according to the specific rated trigger current value of the bidirectional thyristor SCR; (2) it cannot cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1;

[0112] Step 4: A bidirectional diode D is connected in series between the auxiliary switch K2, the common point of the trigger capacitor C and the trigger electrode of the bidirectional thyristor SCR. Due to the internal resistance of the bidirectional diode D, a conduction voltage threshold is formed between the auxiliary switch K2, the trigger capacitor C and the bidirectional thyristor SCR. Its functions are: first, when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, it ensures that the bidirectional thyristor SCR is stably cut off at zero crossing; second, it prevents the bidirectional thyristor SCR from being suddenly turned on due to occasional fluctuation factors;

[0113] Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 When the external force exerts a force on the knife 2 to press it down, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first. At this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard. Then the main switch K1 is turned on, so it will not cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1. On the contrary, when the external force exerts a force on the knife 2 in the opposite direction to pull it up, the main switch K1 is turned off first, and then the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off. Similarly, at this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard, so it will not cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1. During the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 and the bidirectional thyristor SCR are turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first. At the moment of on and off, since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is turned on first and then turned off, and the electrical gap difference ΔC between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 (please refer to Fig.12,) is greater than or equal to the electrical clearance specified in the relevant regional and national standards, and meets the conditions described in step 1. Since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch, the main and auxiliary arc-free switches will not start an arc; when the main switch K1 is turned on, the voltage between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 is zero, so the bidirectional thyristor SCR is in a cut-off state and will not generate heat; at the moment when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are disconnected: the main switch K1 is turned off first, and the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on synchronously, triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to turn on, so the main switch K1 will not start an arc; finally, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, the trigger current disappears, and the bidirectional thyristor SCR is cut off at zero crossing; in this process, since the trigger capacitor C is an energy storage element, when the power frequency of the power supply is in a sinusoidal wave state, the trigger capacitor C is charged and discharged through the bidirectional thyristor SCR, the current limiting resistor R, and the auxiliary switch K2, forming a very stable superimposed full-wave trigger current (please refer to Fig.11 ), covering the zero-crossing interval of the bidirectional thyristor SCR, triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to be steadily saturated and turned on; since the trigger circuit of the bidirectional thyristor SCR is a weak current, the auxiliary switch K2 will not start an arc; since a bidirectional diode D is connected in series between the auxiliary switch K2, the common contact of the trigger capacitor C and the trigger electrode of the bidirectional thyristor SCR, and since the bidirectional diode D has an internal resistance, a turn-on voltage threshold is formed between the auxiliary switch K2, the trigger capacitor C and the bidirectional thyristor SCR, and its functions are: first, when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, it ensures that the bidirectional thyristor SCR The first is to stabilize the zero-crossing cutoff of the thyristor SCR, and the second is to prevent the sudden conduction of the bidirectional thyristor SCR caused by occasional fluctuations. Obviously, this is indeed a significant technical advancement for improving the working stability and reliability of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches; because a delay resistor R1 is also connected in series between the output end of the auxiliary switch K2 circuit, the common contact of the trigger capacitor C and the trigger pole of the bidirectional thyristor SCR, the trigger time of the bidirectional thyristor SCR pair can be extended or shortened according to the resistance value of the delay resistor R1, thereby controlling the conduction time length of the bidirectional thyristor SCR.

[0114] Embodiment 6: Press Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Fig.13 , Fig.14 It is required to connect the main and auxiliary arc-free switches with a 1kW single-phase AC motor YD to form a main and auxiliary arc-free switch loaded circuit;

[0115] Then connect to AC 220V 50Hz power supply;

[0116] Figure 1 , Figure 8 , Fig.13, a main and auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main and auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, an inductor L, a clamping resistor R2, and a bidirectional thyristor SCR, thereby forming a main and auxiliary arc-free switch; (1) the main and auxiliary arc-free switch is a knife switch, and the knife switch is a linkage switch (please refer to Fig.13 ); (2) the knife switch is disposed above two fixed electrical contacts of the knife switch (the main switch K1 fixed electrical contact K13 and the auxiliary switch K2 fixed electrical contact K23), and the knife 2 is disposed correspondingly; the two fixed electrical contacts K13 and K23 of the knife switch are insulated from each other (please refer to Fig.13 ); The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; (3) The bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch;

[0117] The manufacturing method is as follows:

[0118] Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon;

[0119] Step 2: In order to fully guarantee the logical conditions proposed in step 1, the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 is set to 3.2mm, and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 is set to 0.6mm, where ΔC = 3.2mm = 0.6mm = 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard and fully meets the structural logical conditions proposed in step 1;

[0120] Step 3: The value of the inductor L is determined according to the following principles: (1) it is determined according to the specific rated trigger current value of the bidirectional thyristor SCR; (2) it cannot cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1;

[0121] Figure 1 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 , Fig.13 , Fig.14When the external force exerts a force on the knife 2 to press it down, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first. At this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard. Then the main switch K1 is turned on, so it will not cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1. On the contrary, when the external force exerts a force on the knife 2 in the opposite direction to pull it up, the main switch K1 is turned off first, and then the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off. Similarly, at this time, the electrical gap of the main switch K1 is 2.6mm, which is larger than the 2mm specified in the standard, so it will not cause accidental arcing of the main switch K1. During the random use of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 and the bidirectional thyristor SCR are turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and turned off first. At the moment of on and off, since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is turned on first and then turned off, and the electrical gap difference ΔC between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 (please refer to Fig.12 ,) is greater than or equal to the electrical clearance specified in the relevant regional and national standards, and meets the conditions described in step 1. Since the bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch, the main and auxiliary arc-free switches will not start an arc; when the main switch K1 is turned on, the voltage between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 is zero, so the bidirectional thyristor SCR is in a cut-off state and will not generate heat; at the moment when the main and auxiliary arc-free switches are disconnected: the main switch K1 is turned off first, and the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on synchronously, triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to turn on, so the main switch K1 will not start an arc; finally, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, the trigger current disappears, and the bidirectional thyristor SCR is cut off at zero crossing; in this process, since the inductor L is also an energy storage element, when the power frequency of the power supply is in a sinusoidal wave state, the inductor L is charged and discharged through the bidirectional thyristor SCR, the current limiting resistor R, the clamping resistor R2, and the auxiliary switch K2, forming a very stable superimposed full-wave trigger current (please refer to Fig.11 ), covering the zero-crossing interval of the bidirectional thyristor SCR, triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to be steadily saturated and turned on; since the trigger circuit of the bidirectional thyristor SCR is a weak current, the auxiliary switch K2 will not start an arc.

[0122] It is understandable that, for those skilled in the art, any equivalent replacement or change to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A main-auxiliary arc-free switch, comprising a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current-limiting resistor R, and a contactless switch B, characterized in that: (1) The main-auxiliary switch A is composed of a main switch K1 and an auxiliary switch K2 as a linkage switch. The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main-auxiliary arc-free switches are randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then off; (2) The difference ΔC between the electrical gap value of the main switch K1 and the electrical gap value of the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical gap value between the electrical contacts of a single main switch K1 specified in the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world; (3) The contactless switch B is an arc-free switch; The manufacturing method is as follows: Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have any accidental arcing phenomenon; Step 2: In order to ensure the logical conditions proposed in step 1, for the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, ΔC is defined as: ΔC = electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 - electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2. The defined electrical clearance concept includes the creepage distance, which must also comply with the standard. For the electrical clearance value in the case of a single switch, the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world have strict regulations. On this basis, it is stipulated that: ΔC must be greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value of the single switch specified in the relevant standards; to ensure that the main switch K1 will not accidentally arc when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on and off.

2. A main-auxiliary arc-free switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: It includes a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, and a bidirectional thyristor SCR. (1) The main-auxiliary switch A is composed of a main switch K1 and an auxiliary switch K2 as a linkage switch. The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main-auxiliary arc-free switches are randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off first; (2) The difference ΔC between the electrical gap value of the main switch K1 and the electrical gap value of the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical gap value between the electrical contacts of a single main switch K1 specified in the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world; (3) The contactless switch B is a bidirectional thyristor SCR, and the bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch; The manufacturing method is as follows: Step 1: Confirm the structural logic relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off. During the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have accidental arcing; Step 2: In order to ensure the logical conditions proposed in step 1, for the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, ΔC is defined as: ΔC = electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 - electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2. The defined electrical clearance concept includes the creepage distance, which must also comply with the standard. For the electrical clearance value in the case of a single switch, the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world have strict regulations. On this basis, it is stipulated that: ΔC must be greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value of the single switch specified in the relevant standards; to ensure that the main switch K1 will not accidentally arc when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on and off.

3. A main-auxiliary arc-free switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, and a transistor T, wherein (1) the main-auxiliary switch A is composed of a main switch K1 and an auxiliary switch K2 as a whole, and is a linkage switch, and the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main-auxiliary arc-free switch is randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then off; (2) the difference ΔC between the electrical gap value of the main switch K1 and the electrical gap value of the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical gap value between the electrical contacts of a single main switch K1 specified in the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world; (3) the transistor T is an arc-free switch; The manufacturing method is as follows: Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A: At the instant of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches being turned on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random turning on and off of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have accidental arcing; Step 2: In order to ensure the logical conditions proposed in step 1, for the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, ΔC is defined as: ΔC = electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 - electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2. The defined electrical clearance concept includes the creepage distance, which must also comply with the standard. For the electrical clearance value in the case of a single switch, the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world have strict regulations. On this basis, it is stipulated that: ΔC must be greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value of the single switch specified in the relevant standards; to ensure that the main switch K1 will not accidentally arc when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on and off.

4. A main-auxiliary arc-free switch according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transistor T is an NPN transistor or a PNP transistor.

5. A main-auxiliary arc-free switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: It comprises a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, a trigger capacitor C, and a bidirectional thyristor SCR. (1) The main-auxiliary switch A is composed of a main switch K1 and an auxiliary switch K2 as a linkage switch. The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main-auxiliary arc-free switch is randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then off; (2) The difference ΔC between the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 is greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value and creepage distance value between the electrical contacts of a single main switch K1 specified in the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world; (3) The trigger capacitor C is connected in series between the trigger circuit of the auxiliary switch K2 and the P2 pole, and its common contact is connected to the trigger pole of the bidirectional thyristor SCR; (4) The contactless switch B is a bidirectional thyristor SCR; The manufacturing method is as follows: Step 1: Confirm the structural logical relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A: At the moment of turning on and off the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random turning on and off process of the new main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have accidental arcing; Step 2: In order to ensure the logical conditions proposed in step 1, for the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary arc-free switches of the present invention, ΔC is defined as: ΔC = electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 - electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2. The defined electrical clearance concept includes creepage distance, which must also comply with the standard. For the electrical clearance and creepage distance of a single switch, the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world have strict regulations. On this basis, it is stipulated that: ΔC must be greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value of a single switch specified in the relevant standards; to ensure that the main switch K1 will not accidentally arc when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on and off: Step 3: Since the trigger capacitor C is an energy storage element, when the power frequency is in a sinusoidal state, the trigger capacitor C is charged and discharged through the bidirectional thyristor SCR, the current limiting resistor R, and the auxiliary switch K2, forming a very stable superimposed full-wave trigger current, covering the zero-crossing interval of the bidirectional thyristor SCR, and triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to steady-state saturation conduction.

6. A main-auxiliary arc-free switch according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first electrode P1, a second electrode P2, a main-auxiliary switch A, a current limiting resistor R, a trigger capacitor C, a bidirectional diode D, and a bidirectional thyristor SCR. (1) The main-auxiliary switch A is composed of a main switch K1 and an auxiliary switch K2 as a whole, and is a linkage switch. The main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 have the following structural logical relationship: when the main-auxiliary arc-free switch is randomly turned on and off, at the moment of on and off, the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; (2) the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 is the same as that of the auxiliary switch K1. 2 The difference ΔC between the electrical clearance values ​​is greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value and creepage distance value between the electrical contacts of a single main switch K1 specified in the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions around the world; (3) The trigger capacitor C is connected in series between the auxiliary switch K2 trigger circuit and the P2 pole, and its common contact is connected to the trigger pole of the bidirectional thyristor SCR; the bidirectional diode D is connected in series between the common contact of the auxiliary switch K2 trigger circuit and the trigger capacitor C and the trigger pole of the bidirectional thyristor SCR; (4) The bidirectional thyristor SCR is an arc-free switch; The manufacturing method is as follows: Step 1: Confirm the structural logic relationship between the main switch K1 and the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary switches A, so that the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on first and then turned off, and the main switch K1 is turned on later and then turned off; during the random on and off process of the main and auxiliary arc-free switches, the main switch K1 is not allowed to have accidental arcing; Step 2: In order to ensure the logical conditions proposed in step 1, for the electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 and the electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2 in the main and auxiliary arc-free switches of the present invention, ΔC is defined as: ΔC = electrical clearance value of the main switch K1 - electrical clearance value of the auxiliary switch K2. The defined electrical clearance concept includes creepage distance, which must also comply with the standard. For the electrical clearance and creepage distance of a single switch, the international IEC standard and relevant standards of various countries and regions in the world have strict regulations. On this basis, it is stipulated that: ΔC must be greater than or equal to the electrical clearance value of a single switch specified in the relevant standards; to ensure that the main switch K1 will not accidentally arc when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned on and off: Step 3: Since the trigger capacitor C is an energy storage element, when the power frequency is in a sinusoidal wave, the trigger capacitor C is charged and discharged through the bidirectional thyristor SCR, the current limiting resistor R, and the auxiliary switch K2, forming a very stable superimposed full-wave trigger current, covering the zero-crossing interval of the bidirectional thyristor SCR, and triggering the bidirectional thyristor SCR to conduct steadily; Step 4: Connect a bidirectional diode D in series between the auxiliary switch K2, the common point of the trigger capacitor C and the trigger electrode of the bidirectional thyristor SCR. Due to the internal resistance of the bidirectional diode D, a conduction voltage threshold is formed between the auxiliary switch K2, the trigger capacitor C and the bidirectional thyristor SCR. Its functions are: first, when the auxiliary switch K2 is turned off, it ensures that the bidirectional thyristor SCR is stably cut off at zero crossing; second, it prevents the bidirectional thyristor SCR from accidentally turning on due to occasional fluctuations.

7. A main-auxiliary arc-free switch according to claim 6, characterized in that: A delay resistor R1 is connected in series between the output end of the auxiliary switch K2 circuit, the common contact of the trigger capacitor C and the trigger electrode of the bidirectional thyristor SCR. The trigger time of the bidirectional thyristor SCR pair is extended or shortened according to the resistance value of the delay resistor R1, thereby controlling the conduction time length of the bidirectional thyristor SCR.

8. A main-auxiliary arc-free switch according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: The trigger capacitor C is replaced by the inductor L.

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