Shutdown and start method and device for fuel cell system and program product

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell system shutdown starting method and device and a program product, and the method comprises the steps: monitoring whether a fuel cell system receives a starting instruction or not in the shutdown process of the fuel cell system; under the condition that the fuel cell system receives the starting instruction, determining a corresponding current shutdown stage of the fuel cell system in the shutdown process when the starting instruction is received; determining a target starting stage corresponding to the current shutdown stage according to the current shutdown stage and a preset second jump corresponding relation between the shutdown stage and the starting stage; and controlling the fuel cell system to jump from the current shutdown stage to the target starting stage, so that the fuel cell system starts to enter a starting process from the target starting stage. According to the embodiment of the invention, the fuel cell system can be switched to the starting process from the shutdown process, then starting is completed, the response speed is high, and quick starting of the fuel cell system is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicles, and in particular to a fuel cell system shutdown and startup method, device and program product. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cell vehicles are a type of electric vehicle, whose energy comes from the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen in the fuel cell, and the chemical reaction process of the fuel cell does not produce harmful products. The fuel cell of a fuel cell vehicle is mainly controlled by the FCCS (Fuel Cell Control System) to realize the startup process, operation process and shutdown process of the fuel cell.

[0003] In the related art, when the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command during the startup process, or when the fuel cell system receives a start command during the shutdown process, the responsiveness of the fuel cell system is poor and it is impossible to achieve rapid startup or shutdown. Therefore, how to achieve rapid startup or shutdown of the fuel cell system is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a fuel cell system shutdown and startup method, device and program product to solve the technical problem in the prior art that when the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command during the startup process, or when the fuel cell system receives a start command during the shutdown process, the fuel cell system has poor responsiveness and cannot achieve rapid startup or shutdown. The technical effect of rapid startup or shutdown of the fuel cell system and improved responsiveness of the fuel cell system is achieved.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell system shutdown method, the shutdown method comprising:

[0006] During the startup process of the fuel cell system, monitoring whether the fuel cell system receives a shutdown instruction;

[0007] In the case where the fuel cell system receives a shutdown instruction, determining a current startup stage corresponding to the startup process of the fuel cell system when the shutdown instruction is received;

[0008] Determine the target shutdown phase corresponding to the current startup phase according to the current startup phase and the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase;

[0009] The fuel cell system is controlled to jump from the current startup phase to the target shutdown phase, so that the fuel cell system enters the shutdown process from the target shutdown phase.

[0010] Further, according to the current startup phase and the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, determining the target shutdown phase corresponding to the current startup phase includes:

[0011] In the case where the current startup phase is the high voltage system power-on phase or the bypass and cooling system establishment phase, according to the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, it is determined that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the high voltage system power-on phase or the bypass and cooling system establishment phase is the high and low voltage electrical system power-off phase;

[0012] When the current startup phase is the fuel cell hydrogen chamber leakage detection phase or the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge phase, according to the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup phase and the shutdown phase, the target shutdown phase corresponding to the fuel cell hydrogen chamber leakage detection phase or the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge phase is determined to be the hydrogen path pressure maintaining phase.

[0013] Further, according to the current startup phase and the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, determining the target shutdown phase corresponding to the current startup phase includes:

[0014] In the case where the current startup phase is the stack voltage establishment phase, according to a preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, determining that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the stack voltage establishment phase is the oxygen consumption phase;

[0015] When the current startup phase is the startup rapid warm-up phase, according to the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, it is determined that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the startup rapid warm-up phase is the shutdown rapid warm-up phase.

[0016] Furthermore, the rapid warm-up method in the startup rapid warm-up stage and the shutdown rapid warm-up stage includes:

[0017] When the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack of the fuel cell system is lower than the rapid warm-up temperature threshold, the stack of the fuel cell system is controlled to generate heat until the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack exceeds the rapid warm-up temperature threshold.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell system startup method, the startup method comprising:

[0019] During the shutdown process of the fuel cell system, monitoring whether the fuel cell system receives a start-up instruction;

[0020] In the case where the fuel cell system receives a start-up instruction, determining a current shutdown stage corresponding to the fuel cell system in the shutdown process when the start-up instruction is received;

[0021] Determine the target startup phase corresponding to the current shutdown phase according to the current shutdown phase and the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase;

[0022] The fuel cell system is controlled to jump from the current shutdown phase to the target startup phase, so that the fuel cell system enters the startup process from the target startup phase.

[0023] Further, according to the current shutdown phase and the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase, determining the target startup phase corresponding to the current shutdown phase includes:

[0024] In the case where the current shutdown phase is the load reduction phase, according to a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase, determining that the target startup phase corresponding to the load reduction phase is the load request response phase;

[0025] In the case where the current shutdown stage is the shutdown rapid warm-up stage, according to the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the shutdown rapid warm-up stage is determined to be the startup rapid warm-up stage;

[0026] When the current shutdown stage is the power-off stage of the high and low voltage electrical systems, according to the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the power-off stage of the high and low voltage electrical systems is determined to be the power-on stage of the high voltage system.

[0027] Further, according to the current shutdown phase and the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase, determining the target startup phase corresponding to the current shutdown phase includes:

[0028] When the current shutdown stage is a membrane purge stage, a hydrogen-to-air liquid water purge stage, or an oxygen consumption stage, according to a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the membrane purge stage, the hydrogen-to-air liquid water purge stage, or the oxygen consumption stage is determined to be the stack voltage establishment stage;

[0029] When the current shutdown stage is the hydrogen path residual liquid water purging stage or the hydrogen path pressure maintaining stage, according to the second jump correspondence relationship between the preset shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the hydrogen path residual liquid water purging stage or the hydrogen path pressure maintaining stage is determined to be the bypass and cooling system establishment stage.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell system shutdown device, the device comprising:

[0031] A shutdown command detection module, used to monitor whether the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command during the startup process of the fuel cell system;

[0032] A startup phase determination module, for determining, when the fuel cell system receives a shutdown instruction, a current startup phase corresponding to the startup process of the fuel cell system when the shutdown instruction is received;

[0033] A shutdown phase determination module, used to determine a target shutdown phase corresponding to the current startup phase according to the current startup phase and a preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase;

[0034] The phase jump module is used to control the fuel cell system to jump from the current startup phase to the target shutdown phase, so that the fuel cell system enters the shutdown process from the target shutdown phase.

[0035] Furthermore, the shutdown phase determination module is used to:

[0036] In the case where the current startup phase is the high voltage system power-on phase or the bypass and cooling system establishment phase, according to the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, it is determined that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the high voltage system power-on phase or the bypass and cooling system establishment phase is the high and low voltage electrical system power-off phase;

[0037] When the current startup phase is the fuel cell hydrogen chamber leakage detection phase or the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge phase, according to the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup phase and the shutdown phase, the target shutdown phase corresponding to the fuel cell hydrogen chamber leakage detection phase or the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge phase is determined to be the hydrogen path pressure maintaining phase.

[0038] Furthermore, the shutdown phase determination module is used to:

[0039] In the case where the current startup phase is the stack voltage establishment phase, according to a preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, determining that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the stack voltage establishment phase is the oxygen consumption phase;

[0040] When the current startup phase is the startup rapid warm-up phase, according to the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, it is determined that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the startup rapid warm-up phase is the shutdown rapid warm-up phase.

[0041] Furthermore, the device also includes a rapid warm-up module, which is used to:

[0042] When the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack of the fuel cell system is lower than the rapid warm-up temperature threshold, the stack of the fuel cell system is controlled to generate heat until the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack exceeds the rapid warm-up temperature threshold.

[0043] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a fuel cell system starting device, the device comprising:

[0044] A startup instruction detection module, used to monitor whether the fuel cell system receives a startup instruction during the shutdown process of the fuel cell system;

[0045] A shutdown phase determination module, for determining, when the fuel cell system receives a startup instruction, a current shutdown phase corresponding to the shutdown process of the fuel cell system when the startup instruction is received;

[0046] A startup phase determination module, used to determine a target startup phase corresponding to the current shutdown phase according to the current shutdown phase and a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase;

[0047] The phase jump module is used to control the fuel cell system to jump from the current shutdown phase to the target startup phase, so that the fuel cell system enters the startup process from the target startup phase.

[0048] Furthermore, the startup phase determines the module for:

[0049] In the case where the current shutdown phase is the load reduction phase, according to a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase, determining that the target startup phase corresponding to the load reduction phase is the load request response phase;

[0050] In the case where the current shutdown stage is the shutdown rapid warm-up stage, according to the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the shutdown rapid warm-up stage is determined to be the startup rapid warm-up stage;

[0051] When the current shutdown stage is the power-off stage of the high and low voltage electrical systems, according to the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the power-off stage of the high and low voltage electrical systems is determined to be the power-on stage of the high voltage system.

[0052] Furthermore, the startup phase determines the module for:

[0053] When the current shutdown stage is a membrane purge stage, a hydrogen-to-air liquid water purge stage, or an oxygen consumption stage, according to a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the membrane purge stage, the hydrogen-to-air liquid water purge stage, or the oxygen consumption stage is determined to be the stack voltage establishment stage;

[0054] When the current shutdown stage is the hydrogen path residual liquid water purging stage or the hydrogen path pressure maintaining stage, according to the second jump correspondence relationship between the preset shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the hydrogen path residual liquid water purging stage or the hydrogen path pressure maintaining stage is determined to be the bypass and cooling system establishment stage.

[0055] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which are executed by a processor to implement a fuel cell system shutdown method as provided in the first aspect, and a fuel cell system startup method as provided in the second aspect.

[0056] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0057] The embodiment of the present application monitors whether the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command during the startup process of the fuel cell system; in the case where the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command, determines the current startup stage corresponding to the fuel cell system in the startup process when the shutdown command is received; determines the target shutdown stage corresponding to the current startup stage according to the current startup stage and the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup stage and the shutdown stage; controls the fuel cell system to jump from the current startup stage to the target shutdown stage, so that the fuel cell system enters the shutdown process from the target shutdown stage. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application can respond to the shutdown command received by the fuel cell during the startup process, quickly respond to the shutdown command, jump from the current startup stage to the corresponding target shutdown stage, so that the fuel cell system switches from the startup process to the shutdown process, and then completes the shutdown, and its response speed is fast, and the rapid shutdown of the fuel cell system is achieved.

[0058] The embodiment of the present application monitors whether the fuel cell system receives a start-up instruction during the shutdown process of the fuel cell system; when the fuel cell system receives a start-up instruction, determines the current shutdown stage corresponding to the fuel cell system during the shutdown process when the start-up instruction is received; determines the target start-up stage corresponding to the current shutdown stage according to the current shutdown stage and the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the start-up stage; controls the fuel cell system to jump from the current shutdown stage to the target start-up stage, so that the fuel cell system enters the startup process from the target start-up stage. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application can respond to the start-up instruction received by the fuel cell during the shutdown process, quickly respond to the start-up instruction, jump from the current shutdown stage to the corresponding target start-up stage, so that the fuel cell system switches from the shutdown process to the startup process, and then completes the startup. Its response speed is fast, and the rapid startup of the fuel cell system is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0060] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the architecture of a fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell system shutdown method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the process flow of each stage of the fuel cell system provided in this application during the startup process;

[0063] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the process flow of each stage of the shutdown process of the fuel cell system provided in this application;

[0064] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the phase jump relationship of the fuel cell system provided in an embodiment of the present application from the startup process to the shutdown process;

[0065] Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of a fuel cell system startup method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the phase jump relationship of the fuel cell system provided in the embodiment of the present application from the shutdown process to the startup process;

[0067] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fuel cell system shutdown device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Fig. 9 A schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell system starting device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The embodiment of the present application provides a fuel cell system shutdown and startup method, which solves the technical problem in the prior art that when the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command during the startup process, or when the fuel cell system receives a start command during the shutdown process, the fuel cell system has poor responsiveness and cannot achieve rapid startup or shutdown.

[0070] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is to solve the above technical problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0071] The embodiment of the present application monitors whether the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command during the startup process of the fuel cell system; in the case where the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command, determines the current startup stage corresponding to the fuel cell system in the startup process when the shutdown command is received; determines the target shutdown stage corresponding to the current startup stage according to the current startup stage and the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup stage and the shutdown stage; controls the fuel cell system to jump from the current startup stage to the target shutdown stage, so that the fuel cell system enters the shutdown process from the target shutdown stage. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application can respond to the shutdown command received by the fuel cell during the startup process, quickly respond to the shutdown command, jump from the current startup stage to the corresponding target shutdown stage, so that the fuel cell system switches from the startup process to the shutdown process, and then completes the shutdown, and its response speed is fast, and the rapid shutdown of the fuel cell system is achieved.

[0072] The embodiment of the present application monitors whether the fuel cell system receives a start-up instruction during the shutdown process of the fuel cell system; when the fuel cell system receives a start-up instruction, determines the current shutdown stage corresponding to the fuel cell system during the shutdown process when the start-up instruction is received; determines the target start-up stage corresponding to the current shutdown stage according to the current shutdown stage and the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the start-up stage; controls the fuel cell system to jump from the current shutdown stage to the target start-up stage, so that the fuel cell system enters the startup process from the target start-up stage. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application can respond to the start-up instruction received by the fuel cell during the shutdown process, quickly respond to the start-up instruction, jump from the current shutdown stage to the corresponding target start-up stage, so that the fuel cell system switches from the shutdown process to the startup process, and then completes the startup. Its response speed is fast, and the rapid startup of the fuel cell system is achieved.

[0073] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0074] First of all, the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0075] First, the architecture of the fuel cell system in the embodiment of the present application is described as follows.

[0076] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, the whole fuel cell system principle includes the fuel cell controller (FCCU), fuel cell stack FCS (Fuel Cell Stack, referred to as stack), hydrogen supply system, air supply system, cooling system and high voltage electrical system. It should be noted that Figure 1 The electrical control components shown in the figure all have information interaction with the FCCU. There are many information interaction links, so they are not shown in the figure. Figure 1 Shown in.

[0077]

Hydrogen supply system

[0078] The hydrogen supply system specifically includes: hydrogen storage system, hydrogen medium pressure sensor P H2 0.P H2 1. Hydrogen inlet valve, proportional valve, hydrogen inlet pressure sensor P H2 2. Hydrogen out-of-combustion pressure sensor P H2 3. Hydrogen circulation pump, gas-liquid separator, hydrogen drain valve, heating drain valve, mixed drain, etc.

[0079] The general working process of the hydrogen supply system is: open the hydrogen inlet valve, hydrogen comes out from the hydrogen bottle of the hydrogen storage system, the hydrogen is reduced in pressure through the pressure reducing valve of the hydrogen storage system and enters the fuel cell stack through the proportional valve in turn; the hydrogen passing through the inside of the stack cannot be completely consumed, and then flows out from the inside of the stack, first passes through the gas-liquid separator, the water and hydrogen in the hydrogen flowing out of the stack are separated by the gas-liquid separator, the water flows into the heating drain valve, and then enters the mixed discharge and is discharged into the environment. The hydrogen in the gas-liquid separator can flow into the stack again through the hydrogen circulation pump, or it can enter the mixed discharge through the exhaust valve and be discharged into the atmosphere.

[0080] Among them, the proportional valve responds to the instructions of the FCCU to control the flow and pressure of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen circulation pump responds to the instructions of the FCCU to reflux the hydrogen at the outlet of the fuel cell stack for utilization, and the exhaust valve and the heated drain valve respond to the instructions of the FCCU to discharge excess gas and moisture in the hydrogen supply system.

[0081] The hydrogen medium pressure sensor responds to the FCCU command to detect the pressure P of the hydrogen provided by the hydrogen storage system. H2 0; The hydrogen inlet pressure sensor responds to the FCCU command to detect the pressure P when the hydrogen enters the stack H2 1; The hydrogen out-of-stack pressure sensor responds to the FCCU command to detect the pressure P when the hydrogen is out of the stack H2 3. FCCU collects data from each pressure sensor to perform corresponding status detection and control, and provides hydrogen with appropriate pressure and flow rate for the fuel cell stack according to the fuel cell stack operating conditions.

[0082]

Air supply system

[0083] The air supply system includes: air filter, air flow meter, air compressor, intercooler, humidifier, inlet stop valve, outlet stop valve, back pressure valve, humidity control valve, discharge valve, mixed row, air inlet temperature and pressure sensor Tai r1, Pai r1 and air outlet pressure sensor Pai r2. Among them, the humidity control valve is not in Figure 1 As shown in FIG. 1 , the humidity control valve is specifically connected between the stack outlet stop valve and the back pressure valve, and the humidity control valve is used to bypass part of the air flowing out of the stack outlet stop valve to the back pressure valve.

[0084] The air filter is used to filter impurities in the air and improve air cleanliness. The air compressor responds to the FCCU's instructions to compress the air at the air inlet to provide the required air flow for the fuel cell stack. The back pressure valve and the relief valve are used to control the air pressure entering the stack.

[0085] The stack inlet shutoff valve and stack outlet shutoff valve respond to the FCCU command to ensure that the fuel cell stack does not enter the air when shut down, and to provide air for the fuel cell stack when starting. Excess air is discharged into the atmosphere through the mixed exhaust.

[0086] FCCU collects the flow rate from the air flow meter, and the information such as the air inlet pressure Pai r1 and temperature Tai r1, and the air outlet pressure Pai r2 are used for air system status detection and control, and provides the fuel cell stack with air of appropriate pressure and flow according to the fuel cell stack operating conditions.

[0087]

Cooling system

[0088] The cooling system includes: coolant inlet temperature and pressure sensors Tw1, Pw1, coolant outlet temperature sensor Tw2, radiator outlet temperature sensor Tw3, water pump, temperature control valve, and heat dissipation assembly.

[0089] The temperature control valve EST (Temperature Control Valve) responds to the FCCU command to control the large and small cycle switching of the fuel cell cooling water circuit, and realizes the large and small cycle switching by adjusting the opening α of the temperature control valve. When the opening α of the temperature control valve is 0%, the temperature control valve channel 1 ( Figure 1 The left port of the middle temperature control valve) and channel 2 ( Figure 1 The upper port of the middle temperature control valve) is connected, and channel 1 and channel 3 ( Figure 1 The lower port of the middle temperature control valve is closed, and the cooling system starts a small cycle. The water pump drives the coolant in the cooling water circuit to flow into the fuel cell stack. At the same time, a temperature sensor Tw1 and a pressure sensor Pw1 are provided at the entrance of the fuel cell stack. The coolant flows out through the internal coolant circuit of the fuel cell. A stack outlet temperature sensor Tw2 is provided at the stack outlet. The coolant flows out through the temperature control valve channel 1 and channel 2 and then returns to the water pump to continue circulating.

[0090] As an important component of the thermal management of the fuel cell system, the water pump drives the coolant to flow, thereby taking the heat generated by the fuel cell stack out of the fuel cell stack, so that the temperature difference △T between the coolant entering the stack and leaving the stack is maintained within an appropriate temperature range.

[0091] When FCCU determines that the temperature of the coolant out of the stack reaches the temperature threshold T0 for opening the temperature control valve, FCCU controls the temperature control valve to open. When the opening α is between 1% and 99%, the coolant out of the stack will flow to channels 2 and 3 through channel 1 of the temperature control valve at the same time. The flow ratio of the two channels is related to the opening of the temperature control valve. The larger the opening α, the larger the flow from channel 1 to channel 2, and the smaller the flow from channel 1 to channel 3. For example, when the opening α = 30%, the large circulation flow, that is, the flow from channel 1 to channel 3, is 30%, and the small circulation flow, that is, the flow from channel 1 to channel 2, is 70%.

[0092] When the outlet temperature of the coolant is higher than the threshold value T1, the cooling system enters the pure large circulation mode, the thermostat EST opening α = 100%, channels 1 to 3 are fully open, channels 1 to 2 are closed, and the outlet coolant flows into the heat dissipation assembly through channels 1 and 3 of the temperature control valve. After the coolant is dissipated by the heat dissipation assembly, it flows back to the stack through the water pump to continue to take away the heat in the stack. The outlet of the heat dissipation assembly is provided with a temperature sensor Tw3, which is used to collect the outlet temperature value of the heat dissipation assembly as a basis for judging the fan gear position of the heat dissipation assembly. It can be seen that during the operation of the fuel cell system, the cooling system can provide a suitable temperature for the stack.

[0093]

High voltage electrical system

[0094] The high-voltage electrical system mainly includes the power control unit PCU (Power Control Unit) and some high-voltage wiring harnesses, etc. The PCU contains the step-up and step-down module DCDC (DC-DC Converter), the high-voltage power distribution module PDU (Power Distri but i on Unit) and the air compressor controller.

[0095] The buck-boost module DCDC adjusts the stack output voltage to be consistent with the bus voltage of the vehicle, and loads the current on the fuel cell stack. The high-voltage power distribution module PDU mainly provides high-voltage power supply for the high-voltage components of the fuel-electric system.

[0096]

Fuel Cell Controller FCCU

[0097] As the brain of the entire fuel cell control system, FCCU can calculate the target output current of the fuel cell stack according to the required power of the fuel cell vehicle. At the same time, it can calculate the required air flow and pressure of the air supply system, the required hydrogen flow and pressure of the hydrogen supply system, and the appropriate temperature of the cooling system according to the operating conditions of the stack. It controls the actuators of each subsystem to provide the required air, hydrogen and temperature, and controls the PCU to pull the current to achieve the required target power.

[0098] So far, the embodiment of the present application has described the architecture of the fuel cell system. Now, some problems existing in the startup or shutdown process of the fuel cell system in the related art will be described as follows.

[0099] In a low temperature environment, the fuel cell system may fail to start or shut down, or start or shut down very slowly, that is, the start-stop performance is poor. A low temperature environment mainly refers to an environment with a temperature below 0°C, for example, an environment with a temperature below -5°C.

[0100] The main reasons why fuel cell systems have poor start-stop performance in low temperature environments are:

[0101] During the shutdown process, the relevant technology adopts a conventional hydrogen purge strategy, which may easily lead to the water inside the fuel cell stack not being completely drained. The water vapor will freeze in a low temperature environment and block the related pipelines of the fuel cell system, causing the vehicle to be unable to start smoothly next time.

[0102] During the shutdown process, after the fuel cell system is unloaded, the temperature of the coolant drops rapidly due to the low temperature environment, causing the coolant to freeze locally and quickly, resulting in pipeline blockage, which may cause the fuel cell system to fail to shut down.

[0103] During the shutdown process, the fuel cell system receives a startup command, but the fuel cell system cannot respond quickly to the startup command. Similarly, during the startup process, the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command, but the fuel cell system cannot respond quickly to the shutdown command. In other words, the fuel cell system cannot respond quickly to the shutdown command and the startup command during the startup and shutdown process, and cannot achieve fast start and stop.

[0104] In order to solve the problem that the fuel cell system cannot be shut down quickly during the startup process, the present application embodiment provides the following Figure 2 A fuel cell system shutdown method is shown, and the shutdown method includes steps S21 to S24.

[0105] Step S21, during the startup process of the fuel cell system, monitoring whether the fuel cell system receives a shutdown instruction;

[0106] Step S22, when the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command, determining a current startup phase corresponding to the startup process of the fuel cell system when the shutdown command is received;

[0107] Step S23, determining a target shutdown phase corresponding to the current startup phase according to the current startup phase and a preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase;

[0108] Step S24, controlling the fuel cell system to jump from the current startup phase to the target shutdown phase, so that the fuel cell system enters the shutdown process from the target shutdown phase.

[0109] A fuel cell system shutdown method provided in an embodiment of the present application can be executed by a FCCU. The embodiment of the present application first describes the stages involved in the shutdown process and the startup process.

[0110] like Figure 3 As shown, it is a flow chart of the stages involved in the startup process of the fuel cell system. The startup process specifically includes the high-voltage system power-on stage Q1, the bypass and cooling system establishment stage Q2, the stack hydrogen chamber leakage detection stage Q3, the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge stage Q4, the stack voltage establishment stage Q5, the startup rapid warm-up stage Q6 and the load request response stage Q7. After the bypass and cooling system establishment stage Q2, it also includes the low-temperature startup mode judgment, specifically judging whether the ambient temperature is lower than the first preset temperature value (for example, -5°C). If so, the low-temperature startup mode is adopted, otherwise the low-temperature startup mode is not adopted. The low-temperature startup mode is mainly reflected in the different target values ​​of various control parameters such as hydrogen flow and pressure in Q3 and the subsequent startup stage. After the stack voltage establishment stage Q5, it is also necessary to judge whether the stack water temperature exceeds the second preset temperature value (for example, 60°C). If it exceeds, it directly enters the load request response stage. If it does not exceed, it enters the startup rapid warm-up stage Q6. The startup rapid warm-up stage Q6 mainly increases the temperature of the coolant in the cooling system by heating the stack to ensure the normal startup of the fuel cell system.

[0111] like Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it is a flow chart of the stages involved in the shutdown process of the fuel cell system. It should be noted that Figure 3 The direction of the startup process in is from left to right. Figure 4 The direction of the shutdown process in the example is from right to left, which is to facilitate the subsequent Figure 5 and Figure 7 Corresponding to each other, the order and direction of each stage in the shutdown process in different drawings are consistent. Figure 4As shown, the shutdown process includes load reduction stage Z1, shutdown rapid warm-up stage Z2, membrane purge stage Z3, hydrogen air circuit liquid water purge stage Z4, hydrogen circuit residual liquid water purge stage Z5, oxygen consumption stage Z6, hydrogen circuit pressure maintenance stage Z7, high and low voltage electrical system power-off stage Z8, and low temperature shutdown completion stage Z9. The embodiments of this application will explain each stage of the shutdown process in detail later, so the embodiments of this application will not be repeated here.

[0112] The present application embodiment continues to Figure 2 A fuel cell system shutdown method shown is described as follows.

[0113] Regarding step S21 , during the startup process of the fuel cell system, it is monitored whether the fuel cell system receives a shutdown instruction.

[0114] The startup process of the fuel cell system refers to the process after the fuel cell system receives the startup command. During this process, the fuel cell system is monitored to see if it receives a shutdown command. If no shutdown command is received, it continues to start. After the fuel cell system is started, it runs normally. If a shutdown command is received, step S22 is continued. The shutdown command can be triggered by the user according to actual needs, or it can be generated by a fuel cell vehicle due to a fault. This embodiment of the application does not limit this.

[0115] Regarding step S22, when the fuel cell system receives a shutdown instruction, the current startup stage corresponding to the startup process of the fuel cell system when the shutdown instruction is received is determined.

[0116] When the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command, the startup stage of the fuel cell system is determined, which is recorded as the current startup stage in the embodiment of the present application. The current startup stage can be any one of the high-voltage system power-on stage Q1, the bypass and cooling system establishment stage Q2, the stack hydrogen chamber leakage detection stage Q3, the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge stage Q4, the stack voltage establishment stage Q5, the startup rapid warm-up stage Q6, and the load request response stage Q7.

[0117] Regarding step S23, according to the current startup phase and the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, the target shutdown phase corresponding to the current startup phase is determined.

[0118] The first jump correspondence between the preset startup phase and the shutdown phase is shown in Table 1 and Figure 5 shown.

[0119] Table 1

[0120]

[0121]

[0122] The current startup phase determined in step S22 can be obtained by looking up Table 1 or Figure 5 , the corresponding target shutdown phase can be determined.

[0123] When the current startup phase is the high-voltage system power-on phase or the bypass and cooling system establishment phase, according to the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup phase and the shutdown phase, the target shutdown phase corresponding to the high-voltage system power-on phase or the bypass and cooling system establishment phase is determined to be the high and low voltage electrical system power-off phase.

[0124] When the current startup phase is the fuel cell hydrogen chamber leakage detection phase or the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge phase, according to the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup phase and the shutdown phase, the target shutdown phase corresponding to the fuel cell hydrogen chamber leakage detection phase or the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge phase is determined to be the hydrogen path pressure maintaining phase.

[0125] When the current startup phase is the stack voltage establishment phase, according to the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, it is determined that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the stack voltage establishment phase is the oxygen consumption phase.

[0126] When the current startup phase is the startup rapid warm-up phase, according to the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, it is determined that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the startup rapid warm-up phase is the shutdown rapid warm-up phase.

[0127] The rapid warm-up methods during the startup rapid warm-up phase and shutdown rapid warm-up phase include:

[0128] When the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack of the fuel cell system is lower than the rapid warm-up temperature threshold, the stack of the fuel cell system is controlled to generate heat until the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack exceeds the rapid warm-up temperature threshold.

[0129] Regarding step S24, the fuel cell system is controlled to jump from the current startup phase to the target shutdown phase, so that the fuel cell system enters the shutdown process from the target shutdown phase.

[0130] After the fuel cell system jumps from the current startup phase to the target shutdown phase, it enters the shutdown process from the target shutdown phase until the shutdown is completed or until a startup instruction is received. When a startup instruction is received during the shutdown process, a fuel cell system startup method provided in the subsequent embodiment of the present application continues to be executed.

[0131] For example, when the fuel cell system jumps to the high and low voltage electrical system power-off stage Z8, the power-off continues from Z8 until the low temperature shutdown process is completed.

[0132] When the fuel cell system jumps to the hydrogen circuit pressure maintenance stage Z7, it starts from Z7 and sequentially passes through the high and low voltage electrical system power-off stage Z8 until the low temperature shutdown process is completed.

[0133] When the fuel cell system jumps to the oxygen consumption stage Z6, it starts from Z6 and passes through the hydrogen circuit pressure maintenance stage Z7 and the high and low voltage electrical system power-off stage Z8 in sequence until the low temperature shutdown process is completed.

[0134] When the fuel cell system jumps to the shutdown rapid warm-up stage Z2, it starts from Z2 and passes through the membrane purge stage Z3, the hydrogen-air circuit liquid water purge stage Z4, the hydrogen circuit residual liquid water purge stage Z5, the oxygen consumption stage Z6, the hydrogen circuit pressure maintenance stage Z7, and the high and low voltage electrical system power-off stage Z8, until the low-temperature shutdown process is completed.

[0135] When the fuel cell system jumps to the load reduction stage Z1, it starts from Z1 and goes through the shutdown rapid warm-up stage Z2, the membrane purge stage Z3, the hydrogen-air circuit liquid water purge stage Z4, the hydrogen circuit residual liquid water purge stage Z5, the oxygen consumption stage Z6, the hydrogen circuit pressure maintenance stage Z7, and the high and low voltage electrical system power-off stage Z8, until the low-temperature shutdown process is completed.

[0136] In summary, the embodiment of the present application monitors whether the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command during the startup process of the fuel cell system; when the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command, determines the current startup stage corresponding to the fuel cell system during the startup process when the shutdown command is received; determines the target shutdown stage corresponding to the current startup stage according to the current startup stage and the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup stage and the shutdown stage; controls the fuel cell system to jump from the current startup stage to the target shutdown stage, so that the fuel cell system enters the shutdown process from the target shutdown stage. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application can respond to the shutdown command received by the fuel cell during the startup process, quickly respond to the shutdown command, jump from the current startup stage to the corresponding target shutdown stage, so that the fuel cell system switches from the startup process to the shutdown process, and then completes the shutdown, and its response speed is fast, and the rapid shutdown of the fuel cell system is achieved.

[0137] In order to solve the problem that the fuel cell system cannot be quickly started during shutdown, the present application embodiment provides the following Figure 6 A fuel cell system startup method is shown, and the startup method includes steps S61 to S64.

[0138] Step S61, during the shutdown process of the fuel cell system, monitoring whether the fuel cell system receives a start-up instruction;

[0139] Step S62, when the fuel cell system receives the start-up instruction, determining the current shutdown stage corresponding to the shutdown process of the fuel cell system when the start-up instruction is received;

[0140] Step S63, determining the target startup phase corresponding to the current shutdown phase according to the current shutdown phase and the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase;

[0141] Step S64, controlling the fuel cell system to jump from the current shutdown phase to the target startup phase, so that the fuel cell system enters the startup process from the target startup phase.

[0142] A fuel cell system shutdown method provided in an embodiment of the present application can be executed by a FCCU.

[0143] Regarding step S61, during the shutdown process of the fuel cell system, it is monitored whether the fuel cell system receives a startup instruction.

[0144] The shutdown process of the fuel cell system refers to the process after the fuel cell system receives the shutdown command. During this process, it is monitored whether the fuel cell system receives the start-up command. If the start-up command is not received, the system continues to shut down until the shutdown of the fuel cell system is completed. If the start-up command is received, step S62 is continued. The start-up command can be triggered by the user according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit this.

[0145] Regarding step S62, when the fuel cell system receives the start-up instruction, the current shutdown stage corresponding to the shutdown process of the fuel cell system when the start-up instruction is received is determined.

[0146] When the fuel cell system receives the start-up command, the shutdown stage of the fuel cell system is determined, and the embodiment of the present application records it as the current shutdown stage. The current shutdown stage can be any one of the load reduction stage Z1, the shutdown rapid warm-up stage Z2, the membrane purge stage Z3, the hydrogen air circuit liquid water purge stage Z4, the hydrogen circuit residual liquid water purge stage Z5, the oxygen consumption stage Z6, the hydrogen circuit pressure maintenance stage Z7, the high and low voltage electrical system power-off stage Z8, and the low temperature shutdown completion stage Z9.

[0147] Regarding step S63, according to the current shutdown phase and the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase, the target startup phase corresponding to the current shutdown phase is determined.

[0148] The preset second jump correspondence between the shutdown phase and the startup phase is shown in Table 2 and Figure 7 shown.

[0149] Table 2

[0150]

[0151] The current shutdown stage determined in step S62 can be obtained by looking up Table 2 or Figure 7 , the corresponding target motion phase can be determined.

[0152] In the case that the current shutdown phase is the load reduction phase, according to the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase, it is determined that the target startup phase corresponding to the load reduction phase is the load request response phase.

[0153] When the current shutdown phase is the shutdown rapid warm-up phase, according to the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase, it is determined that the target startup phase corresponding to the shutdown rapid warm-up phase is the startup rapid warm-up phase.

[0154] When the current shutdown stage is the membrane purge stage, the hydrogen-air liquid water purge stage or the oxygen consumption stage, according to the second jump correspondence relationship between the preset shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the membrane purge stage, the hydrogen-air liquid water purge stage or the oxygen consumption stage is determined to be the stack voltage establishment stage.

[0155] When the current shutdown stage is the hydrogen path residual liquid water purging stage or the hydrogen path pressure maintaining stage, according to the second jump correspondence relationship between the preset shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the hydrogen path residual liquid water purging stage or the hydrogen path pressure maintaining stage is determined to be the bypass and cooling system establishment stage.

[0156] When the current shutdown stage is the power-off stage of the high and low voltage electrical systems, according to the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the power-off stage of the high and low voltage electrical systems is determined to be the power-on stage of the high voltage system.

[0157] The rapid warm-up methods during the startup rapid warm-up phase and shutdown rapid warm-up phase include:

[0158] When the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack of the fuel cell system is lower than the rapid warm-up temperature threshold, the stack of the fuel cell system is controlled to generate heat until the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack exceeds the rapid warm-up temperature threshold.

[0159] Regarding step S64, the fuel cell system is controlled to jump from the current shutdown phase to the target startup phase, so that the fuel cell system enters the startup process from the target startup phase.

[0160] After the fuel cell system jumps from the current shutdown phase to the target startup phase, it enters the startup process from the target startup phase until the startup is completed or until a shutdown command is received. When a shutdown command is received during the startup process, a fuel cell system shutdown method provided in the above embodiment of the present application is continued to be executed.

[0161] For example, when the fuel cell system jumps to the load request response phase Q7, power is generated according to the actual load demand of the fuel cell system to maintain the power output of the fuel cell system.

[0162] When the fuel cell system jumps to the rapid warm-up phase Q6, the warm-up operation is continued, and after the warm-up is completed, the load request response phase Q7 is entered to generate power according to the actual load demand of the fuel cell system to maintain the power output of the fuel cell system.

[0163] When the fuel cell system jumps to the startup stack voltage establishment phase Q5, after completing Q5, the startup rapid warm-up phase Q6 is executed in sequence, and after completing the warm-up, it enters the load request response phase Q7 to generate power according to the actual load demand of the fuel cell system and maintain the power output of the fuel cell system.

[0164] When the fuel cell system jumps to the bypass and cooling system establishment phase Q2, after completing Q2, it sequentially executes the fuel cell hydrogen chamber leakage detection phase Q3, the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge phase Q4, the fuel cell voltage establishment phase Q5, and the rapid warm-up phase Q6. After completing the warm-up, it enters the load request response phase Q7 to generate power according to the actual load demand of the fuel cell system and maintain the power output of the fuel cell system.

[0165] When the fuel cell system jumps to the high-voltage system power-on stage Q1, after completing Q1, it sequentially executes the bypass and cooling system establishment stage Q2, the stack hydrogen chamber leakage detection stage Q3, the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge stage Q4, the stack voltage establishment stage Q5, and the rapid warm-up stage Q6. After completing the warm-up, it enters the load request response stage Q7 to generate power according to the actual load demand of the fuel cell system to maintain the power output of the fuel cell system.

[0166] In summary, the embodiment of the present application monitors whether the fuel cell system receives a start-up instruction during the shutdown process of the fuel cell system; when the fuel cell system receives a start-up instruction, determines the current shutdown stage corresponding to the fuel cell system during the shutdown process when the start-up instruction is received; determines the target start-up stage corresponding to the current shutdown stage according to the current shutdown stage and the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the start-up stage; controls the fuel cell system to jump from the current shutdown stage to the target start-up stage, so that the fuel cell system enters the startup process from the target start-up stage. It can be seen that the embodiment of the present application can respond to the start-up instruction received by the fuel cell during the shutdown process, quickly respond to the start-up instruction, jump from the current shutdown stage to the corresponding target start-up stage, so that the fuel cell system switches from the shutdown process to the startup process, and then completes the startup, and its response speed is fast, which realizes the rapid startup of the fuel cell system.

[0167] The embodiment of the present application continues to describe the various stages of the shutdown process as follows.

[0168] The fuel cell system will enter the load reduction stage Z1 after receiving the shutdown command. After entering the load reduction stage Z1, the ambient temperature sensor of the fuel cell vehicle determines whether the current environment is a low-temperature environment, specifically, whether the current ambient temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold (for example, -5°C). If it is a low-temperature environment, the shutdown operation is performed according to the requirements of the low-temperature environment during the shutdown process, specifically, it is necessary to go through the shutdown rapid warm-up stage Z2. After determining that it is a low-temperature environment, the current of the PCU is controlled to gradually decrease to the first range of the idle current. For example, if the idle current is I1, the corresponding first range can be I1±3A.

[0169] After the PCU is reduced to the first range of idle current, it enters the shutdown rapid warm-up stage Z2. It is determined whether the coolant temperature at the outlet of the stack is greater than the rapid warm-up temperature threshold (for example, it can be 60°C). If it is greater than the rapid warm-up temperature threshold, it directly enters the membrane purge stage Z3. If it is less than or equal to the rapid warm-up temperature threshold, it is shut down for rapid warm-up, and the heat generated by the stack is used to increase the coolant temperature at the outlet of the stack until the coolant temperature at the outlet of the stack is greater than the rapid warm-up temperature threshold, and then it enters the membrane purge stage Z3.

[0170] In the membrane purge stage Z3, control the opening of the proportional valve so that the hydrogen pressure in the pipeline reaches the preset pressure (for example, 140KPa), set the speed of the hydrogen circulation pump to the preset speed, set the opening cycle of the drain valve in the open state and the duration of each opening, set the flow rate and pressure of air into the stack, set the timer T1, set the speed of the water pump and the target temperature of the coolant at the stack outlet, and set the current of the PCU within the second range of the idle current (the second range is smaller than the first range). Test the stack impedance, and estimate the water vapor concentration inside the stack based on the stack impedance. If it is greater than the preset concentration, enter the hydrogen air circuit liquid water purge stage Z4. When it exceeds T1, it is still impossible to determine the stack impedance to estimate the water vapor concentration inside the stack, then enter the hydrogen air circuit liquid water purge stage Z4.

[0171] In the hydrogen-air circuit liquid water purge stage Z4, the preset pressure of hydrogen entering the stack (for example, 200KPa) is set, the hydrogen circulation pump is turned off, and then the hydrogen circuit pressure is reduced. Z4 first increases the hydrogen pressure and then reduces the hydrogen pressure, so that most of the hydrogen containing water vapor in the hydrogen storage system, hydrogen inlet valve, proportional valve, stack, gas-liquid separator, hydrogen discharge valve, heating and drain valve, and mixed discharge passage is discharged to reduce the water vapor concentration. In addition, the air compressor is turned off, the stack inlet shut-off valve is closed, the stack outlet shut-off valve is fully opened, the back pressure valve is fully opened, and the discharge valve is fully opened, so that most of the wet air containing water vapor inside the stack is discharged into the atmosphere. The current of the PCU is also set to 0A, that is, the stack is not allowed to output electrical power to the outside. Furthermore, on the premise of closing the hydrogen circulation pump, continue to input hydrogen to reduce the water vapor concentration in the hydrogen circuit; then turn on the air compressor, close the inlet shut-off valve, fully open the outlet shut-off valve, fully open the back pressure valve, and fully open the relief valve, so that the air from the air compressor discharges the wet air in the intercooler and the relief valve into the atmosphere. Set the water pump to a small cycle. After the hydrogen-air circuit liquid water purge stage Z4 reaches T2, enter the hydrogen circuit residual liquid water purge stage Z5.

[0172] In the hydrogen circuit residual liquid water purge stage Z5, set the preset pressure of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack (for example, 200KPa), turn off the hydrogen circulation pump, and then reduce the hydrogen circuit pressure. Z5 first increases the hydrogen pressure and then reduces the hydrogen pressure, so that most of the hydrogen containing water vapor in the hydrogen storage system, hydrogen inlet valve, proportional valve, fuel cell, gas-liquid separator, hydrogen discharge valve, heating and drain valve, and mixed discharge passages is discharged, further reducing the water vapor concentration. After this process reaches T3 duration, let the air compressor run at a lower speed, close the stack inlet stop valve and the stack outlet stop valve, close the back pressure valve, fully open the discharge valve, and let the air of the air compressor discharge the humid air in the intercooler and the discharge valve into the atmosphere, reduce the water vapor concentration, and then enter the oxygen consumption stage Z6.

[0173] In the oxygen consumption stage Z6, the PCU enters the active discharge mode and sets the maximum current to 20A to exhaust the oxygen inside the stack. When the actual output voltage of the stack is less than the preset voltage (for example, 60V), it enters the hydrogen circuit pressure maintenance stage Z7.

[0174] In the hydrogen circuit pressure maintenance stage Z7, the output current of the PCU is set to 0, the water pump is stopped, the fan is turned off, the temperature control valve is closed, and the hydrogen inlet pressure is controlled to be a preset pressure (for example, 180 KPa). The drain valve continues to open and close according to the preset cycle and preset duration, and then the proportional valve is closed, and finally the pressure of the hydrogen circuit is maintained at around 170 KPa, and then the high and low voltage electrical system power-off stage Z8 is entered.

[0175] In the high and low voltage electrical system power-off stage Z8, the air compressor shuts down. After the air compressor is shut down for a preset time, the relief valve is controlled to close to prevent excessive air pressure. Then the high voltage load relay inside the PCU is controlled to close, the main positive and main negative relays are closed, the PCU is shut down, and the low voltage main relay is disconnected, thus reaching the low temperature shutdown completion stage Z9.

[0176] It can be seen that in the shutdown process of the embodiment of the present application, hydrogen purge and air purge are first used to reduce the high concentration of water vapor in the hydrogen circuit and the air circuit, and then hydrogen purge and air purge are continued to further reduce the water vapor concentration, thereby reducing the water vapor concentration inside the fuel cell stack, reducing the possibility of water vapor freezing in a low temperature environment and causing blockage of related pipelines of the fuel cell system, and increasing the chance of the vehicle starting smoothly next time.

[0177] During the shutdown process, after the fuel cell system is unloaded, in order to avoid a rapid drop in the temperature of the coolant due to the low temperature environment, the heat from the fuel cell stack is used to heat the coolant to ensure that its temperature is not too low, thereby greatly reducing the possibility of local freezing of the coolant, and thus reducing the possibility of pipeline blockage, thereby increasing the probability of normal shutdown of the fuel cell system in a low temperature environment.

[0178] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application embodiment provides the following Figure 8 A fuel cell system shutdown device is shown, the device comprising:

[0179] A shutdown command detection module 81 is used to monitor whether the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command during the startup process of the fuel cell system;

[0180] A startup phase determination module 82, for determining, when the fuel cell system receives a shutdown instruction, a current startup phase corresponding to the startup process of the fuel cell system when the shutdown instruction is received;

[0181] A shutdown phase determination module 83, configured to determine a target shutdown phase corresponding to the current startup phase according to the current startup phase and a preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase;

[0182] The phase jump module 84 is used to control the fuel cell system to jump from the current startup phase to the target shutdown phase, so that the fuel cell system enters the shutdown process from the target shutdown phase.

[0183] Furthermore, the shutdown stage determination module 83 is used to:

[0184] In the case where the current startup phase is the high voltage system power-on phase or the bypass and cooling system establishment phase, according to the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, it is determined that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the high voltage system power-on phase or the bypass and cooling system establishment phase is the high and low voltage electrical system power-off phase;

[0185] When the current startup phase is the fuel cell hydrogen chamber leakage detection phase or the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge phase, according to the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup phase and the shutdown phase, the target shutdown phase corresponding to the fuel cell hydrogen chamber leakage detection phase or the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge phase is determined to be the hydrogen path pressure maintaining phase.

[0186] Furthermore, the shutdown stage determination module 83 is used to:

[0187] In the case where the current startup phase is the stack voltage establishment phase, according to a preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, determining that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the stack voltage establishment phase is the oxygen consumption phase;

[0188] When the current startup phase is the startup rapid warm-up phase, according to the preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, it is determined that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the startup rapid warm-up phase is the shutdown rapid warm-up phase.

[0189] Furthermore, the device also includes a rapid warm-up module, which is used to:

[0190] When the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack of the fuel cell system is lower than the rapid warm-up temperature threshold, the stack of the fuel cell system is controlled to generate heat until the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack exceeds the rapid warm-up temperature threshold.

[0191] Based on the same inventive concept, the present application embodiment provides the following Fig. 9 A fuel cell system starting device is shown, the device comprising:

[0192] A startup instruction detection module 91 is used to monitor whether the fuel cell system receives a startup instruction during the shutdown process of the fuel cell system;

[0193] A shutdown phase determination module 92, for determining, when the fuel cell system receives a startup instruction, a current shutdown phase corresponding to the shutdown process of the fuel cell system when the startup instruction is received;

[0194] A startup phase determination module 93, configured to determine a target startup phase corresponding to the current shutdown phase according to the current shutdown phase and a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase;

[0195] The phase jump module 94 is used to control the fuel cell system to jump from the current shutdown phase to the target startup phase, so that the fuel cell system enters the startup process from the target startup phase.

[0196] Furthermore, the startup phase determination module 93 is used to:

[0197] In the case where the current shutdown phase is the load reduction phase, according to a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase, determining that the target startup phase corresponding to the load reduction phase is the load request response phase;

[0198] In the case where the current shutdown stage is the shutdown rapid warm-up stage, according to the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the shutdown rapid warm-up stage is determined to be the startup rapid warm-up stage;

[0199] When the current shutdown stage is the power-off stage of the high and low voltage electrical systems, according to the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the power-off stage of the high and low voltage electrical systems is determined to be the power-on stage of the high voltage system.

[0200] Furthermore, the startup phase determination module 93 is used to:

[0201] When the current shutdown stage is a membrane purge stage, a hydrogen-to-air liquid water purge stage, or an oxygen consumption stage, according to a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the membrane purge stage, the hydrogen-to-air liquid water purge stage, or the oxygen consumption stage is determined to be the stack voltage establishment stage;

[0202] When the current shutdown stage is the hydrogen path residual liquid water purging stage or the hydrogen path pressure maintaining stage, according to the second jump correspondence relationship between the preset shutdown stage and the startup stage, the target startup stage corresponding to the hydrogen path residual liquid water purging stage or the hydrogen path pressure maintaining stage is determined to be the bypass and cooling system establishment stage.

[0203] Based on the same inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including computer instructions, which are executed by a processor to implement a fuel cell system shutdown method as provided above, and a fuel cell system startup method as provided above.

[0204] Since the electronic device introduced in this embodiment is an electronic device used to implement the information processing method in the embodiment of the present application, based on the information processing method introduced in the embodiment of the present application, a person skilled in the art can understand the specific implementation of the electronic device of the present embodiment and its various variations, so how the electronic device implements the method in the embodiment of the present application is not described in detail here. As long as a person skilled in the art implements the electronic device used by the information processing method in the embodiment of the present application, it belongs to the scope of protection of this application.

[0205] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention may take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware. Moreover, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0206] The present invention is described with reference to flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that each process and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of processes and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the processes in the flowchart and / or block diagram. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0207] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A function specified in one or more boxes.

[0208] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions for implementing the process. Figure 1 A process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0209] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

[0210] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A fuel cell system shutdown method, characterized in that: The shutdown method comprises: During the startup process of the fuel cell system, monitoring whether the fuel cell system receives a shutdown instruction; In the case where the fuel cell system receives the shutdown instruction, determining a current startup stage corresponding to the fuel cell system in the startup process when the shutdown instruction is received; Determine a target shutdown phase corresponding to the current startup phase according to the current startup phase and a preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase; The fuel cell system is controlled to jump from the current startup phase to the target shutdown phase, so that the fuel cell system enters a shutdown process from the target shutdown phase.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining, according to the current startup phase and a preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, a target shutdown phase corresponding to the current startup phase includes: In the case where the current startup phase is a high-voltage system power-on phase or a bypass and cooling system establishment phase, according to the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup phase and the shutdown phase, it is determined that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the high-voltage system power-on phase or the bypass and cooling system establishment phase is a high- and low-voltage electrical system power-off phase; When the current startup phase is a fuel cell stack hydrogen chamber leakage detection phase or a low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge phase, according to the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup phase and the shutdown phase, it is determined that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the fuel cell stack hydrogen chamber leakage detection phase or the low-temperature hydrogen chamber purge phase is the hydrogen path pressure maintaining phase.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The determining, according to the current startup phase and a preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase, a target shutdown phase corresponding to the current startup phase includes: In the case where the current startup phase is a stack voltage establishment phase, according to the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup phase and the shutdown phase, determining that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the stack voltage establishment phase is an oxygen consumption phase; When the current startup phase is the startup rapid warm-up phase, according to the first jump correspondence relationship between the preset startup phase and the shutdown phase, it is determined that the target shutdown phase corresponding to the startup rapid warm-up phase is the shutdown rapid warm-up phase.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The rapid warm-up method in the startup rapid warm-up stage and the shutdown rapid warm-up stage includes: When the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack of the fuel cell system is lower than the rapid warm-up temperature threshold, the stack of the fuel cell system is controlled to generate heat until the temperature of the coolant discharged from the stack exceeds the rapid warm-up temperature threshold.

5. A fuel cell system startup method, characterized in that: The startup method comprises: During the shutdown process of the fuel cell system, monitoring whether the fuel cell system receives a startup instruction; In the case where the fuel cell system receives the startup instruction, determining a current shutdown stage corresponding to the fuel cell system in the shutdown process when the startup instruction is received; Determine the target startup phase corresponding to the current shutdown phase according to the current shutdown phase and a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase; The fuel cell system is controlled to jump from the current shutdown phase to the target startup phase, so that the fuel cell system enters a startup process from the target startup phase.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The determining, according to the current shutdown phase and a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase, a target startup phase corresponding to the current shutdown phase includes: In the case where the current shutdown phase is a load reduction phase, according to the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase, determining that the target startup phase corresponding to the load reduction phase is a load request response phase; In the case where the current shutdown stage is the shutdown rapid warm-up stage, according to the preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown stage and the startup stage, determining that the target startup stage corresponding to the shutdown rapid warm-up stage is the startup rapid warm-up stage; When the current shutdown stage is the power-off stage of the high and low voltage electrical systems, according to the second jump correspondence relationship between the preset shutdown stage and the startup stage, it is determined that the target startup stage corresponding to the power-off stage of the high and low voltage electrical systems is the power-on stage of the high voltage system.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The determining, according to the current shutdown phase and a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase, a target startup phase corresponding to the current shutdown phase includes: In the case where the current shutdown stage is a membrane purge stage, a hydrogen-to-air liquid water purge stage, or an oxygen consumption stage, according to the second jump correspondence relationship between the preset shutdown stage and the startup stage, it is determined that the target startup stage corresponding to the membrane purge stage, the hydrogen-to-air liquid water purge stage, or the oxygen consumption stage is a stack voltage establishment stage; When the current shutdown stage is the hydrogen circuit residual liquid water purging stage or the hydrogen circuit pressure maintaining stage, according to the second jump correspondence relationship between the preset shutdown stage and the startup stage, it is determined that the target startup stage corresponding to the hydrogen circuit residual liquid water purging stage or the hydrogen circuit pressure maintaining stage is the bypass and cooling system establishment stage.

8. A fuel cell system shutdown device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A shutdown command detection module, used to monitor whether the fuel cell system receives a shutdown command during the startup process of the fuel cell system; a startup phase determination module, configured to determine, when the fuel cell system receives the shutdown instruction, a current startup phase corresponding to the fuel cell system in the startup process when the shutdown instruction is received; A shutdown phase determination module, configured to determine a target shutdown phase corresponding to the current startup phase according to the current startup phase and a preset first jump correspondence relationship between the startup phase and the shutdown phase; The phase jump module is used to control the fuel cell system to jump from the current startup phase to the target shutdown phase, so that the fuel cell system enters a shutdown process from the target shutdown phase.

9. A fuel cell system starting device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A startup instruction detection module, used to monitor whether the fuel cell system receives a startup instruction during the shutdown process of the fuel cell system; A shutdown stage determination module, configured to determine, when the fuel cell system receives the startup instruction, a current shutdown stage corresponding to the fuel cell system in the shutdown process when the startup instruction is received; A startup phase determination module, configured to determine a target startup phase corresponding to the current shutdown phase according to the current shutdown phase and a preset second jump correspondence relationship between the shutdown phase and the startup phase; The phase jump module is used to control the fuel cell system to jump from the current shutdown phase to the target startup phase, so that the fuel cell system enters a startup process from the target startup phase.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that The method comprises computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions are executed by a processor to implement a fuel cell system shutdown method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and a fuel cell system startup method according to any one of claims 5 to 7.

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