Loudspeaker and loudspeaker optimization method

Abstract

The invention discloses a loudspeaker and a loudspeaker optimization method. The loudspeaker comprises a fixing structure, the fixing structure comprises a buckle and a limiting piece, the buckle and the limiting piece are arranged at intervals in the installation and push-in direction of the loudspeaker, the buckle is located in front of the limiting piece, and an installation gap for the loudspeaker installation piece to be clamped in is formed between the buckle and the limiting piece. The limiting piece is obtained through the following steps of building a finite element model of the loudspeaker, conducting steady-state solving on the finite element model, obtaining the maximum displacement of the limiting piece, taking limiting piece parameters when the maximum displacement meets the set limiting requirement as optimization parameters, and manufacturing the limiting piece according to the optimization parameters. According to the method, whether the structure of the limiting piece meets the installation limiting requirement of the loudspeaker or not is judged through a numerical simulation analysis method, iterative optimization is carried out, and the optimal limiting piece parameters can be obtained with low cost and short time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a loudspeaker and a loudspeaker optimization method. Background Art

[0002] The main components of the tweeter include: magnetic circuit assembly, vibration assembly, panel and shell (including upper cover and back shell). When installing the car tweeter, it needs to be installed in the tweeter horn of the counterpart (such as the rigid structural part of the vehicle) with a certain force. After installation, it needs to be fixed to the counterpart under constant pressure. If the tweeter is installed too loosely, it will cause the speaker to loosen and produce abnormal noise; if it is too tight, it will increase the difficulty of operation and affect efficiency. When designing the structure of the tweeter shell, the fixing structure on the shell has a crucial influence on the degree of installation and fixation of the speaker.

[0003] During the installation of the tweeter, the tweeter is pushed forward, and the fixed structure and the opponent are squeezed, causing the opponent to undergo elastic deformation until it reaches the corresponding position smoothly. When the speaker is installed in place, the following requirements should be met: the fixed structure can limit the tweeter from continuing to advance, so that the tweeter is fixed in a reasonable position and will not shake due to excessive front and rear gaps; in addition, the thickness and size of the fixed structure itself should be reasonable, otherwise it will directly affect the feasibility of installation and fixation. When the pressure is constant, if the fixed structure is too thin, the speaker cannot reach the corresponding position, and the fixed structure is easy to break; if the fixed structure is too thick, it will increase the difficulty of installation and affect the installation efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to design the geometric structure of the fixed structure to achieve the displacement limit requirement of the tweeter under constant pressure.

[0004] With the development of new technologies and methods, during the installation of tweeters, the requirements for reducing the difficulty of installation for workers, simplifying the installation procedures for workers, and improving the installation efficiency are becoming higher and higher. At the same time, for the manufacturing of tweeters themselves, the requirements for reducing component costs and simplifying the assembly procedures of tweeter parts are also becoming higher and higher. At present, most of the test methods are used to test the limiting effect of fixed structures, but there are a series of problems with the existing test methods: first, it must be carried out after the samples with fixed structures are produced; second, the hand panels or mold parts used to make samples are expensive, the cycle is long, and it is very time-consuming and labor-intensive; third, in the test, it is often difficult to avoid all the factors that disturb the test results, resulting in poor consistency of the results and it is difficult to obtain clear and effective data.

[0005] The above information disclosed in the Background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present application and therefore it may contain information that does not constitute the prior art that is already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a loudspeaker and a loudspeaker optimization method, which uses a numerical simulation analysis method to determine whether the structure of the limiter meets the installation limit requirements of the loudspeaker, and performs iterative optimization, so as to obtain the optimal limiter parameters at a lower cost and in a shorter time.

[0007] One aspect of the present invention relates to a speaker, comprising a shell, the shell being provided with a fixing structure for mounting the speaker on a speaker mounting member; the fixing structure comprising a buckle and a limiting member, the buckle and the limiting member being arranged at intervals along the installation push-in direction of the speaker, and the buckle being located in front of the limiting member, and an installation gap for the speaker mounting member to be inserted between the buckle and the limiting member; the limiting member comprising a base and a deformation portion, the base being fixedly connected to the shell or being integral with the shell, the deformation portion having an abutment surface facing forward, the abutment surface protruding toward the front side relative to the base; after the speaker is installed, the abutment surface is squeezed by the speaker mounting member, so that the deformation portion elastically deforms backwards to fix the speaker mounting member between the limiting member and the buckle;

[0008] The limiter is obtained by the following steps: establishing a finite element model of the speaker, performing a steady-state solution on the finite element model to obtain a maximum displacement of the limiter, taking the limiter parameters when the maximum displacement meets the set limit requirement as optimization parameters, and obtaining the limiter according to the optimization parameters.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, the deformation portion extends from the base along the peripheral direction of the shell, the deformation portion has a length direction perpendicular to the installation push-in direction, there is a gap between the deformation portion and the outer surface of the shell, and the optimization parameters include the width and / or height of the limit member.

[0010] In some more preferred embodiments, the deformation portion has a protrusion extending forward on an end away from the base portion, and the abutment surface is formed on a front surface of the protrusion.

[0011] In some more preferred embodiments, one or more reinforcing ribs are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the shell, and the optimization parameters also include the number and size of the reinforcing ribs.

[0012] In some preferred embodiments, the plurality of buckles are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the shell, the plurality of limit members are spaced apart along the circumferential direction of the shell, and the plurality of buckles and the plurality of limit members are staggered in the circumferential direction.

[0013] In some preferred embodiments, the speaker is a tweeter, the shell includes a frame and a back cover, the fixing structure is arranged on the frame, the sound unit of the speaker is arranged in the area enclosed by the frame and the back cover, a panel is arranged on the front side of the sound unit, and the panel is fixedly connected to the frame; the speaker mounting part includes a rigid structural part of the vehicle, the rigid structural part is provided with a mounting hole, after the installation is completed, the shell is located in the mounting hole and the rigid structural part is clamped between the buckle and the limit part.

[0014] In some more preferred embodiments, when establishing the finite element model, the abutment surface is set as a fixed constraint surface, the gravity direction is set, and the additional mass on the rear cover is set, and the boundary surface of the rear cover and the total force applied are set;

[0015] The solution is based on the following theoretical equation:

[0016]

[0017] Where S is the force-bearing area, is the unit normal vector, is the load force applied to the back cover, and A is the force-bearing area of ​​the back cover.

[0018] Another aspect of the present invention relates to a speaker optimization method, wherein a fixing structure for mounting the speaker on a speaker mounting member is provided on a speaker housing, the fixing structure comprising a limiting member, the limiting member comprising a base and a deformation portion, the base being fixedly connected to the housing or being integral with the housing, the deformation portion having a contact surface facing forward, the contact surface protruding toward the front side relative to the base; after the speaker is installed, the contact surface is squeezed by the speaker mounting member, so that the deformation portion elastically deforms backward to closely cooperate with the speaker mounting member; the speaker optimization method comprises:

[0019] Step S1, establishing a geometric model of the loudspeaker;

[0020] Step S2, establishing a finite element model according to the geometric model;

[0021] Step S3, solving the game element model to obtain the maximum displacement of the limiter;

[0022] Step S4, determine whether the maximum displacement meets the set limit requirements. If so, set the limit component parameters of the current geometric model as optimized parameters; if not, modify the limit component parameters of the geometric model in step S1, and repeat steps S2 and S3 for iterative optimization until the optimized parameters are obtained.

[0023] In some preferred embodiments, step S2 is specifically as follows:

[0024] S21. Add three-dimensional space dimension in the finite element software, select solid mechanics physics field, and select steady-state study;

[0025] S22, importing the geometric model to form a joint body;

[0026] S23, setting speaker material;

[0027] S24. Define material parameters, including density, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the material;

[0028] S25, setting constraints and additional mass: setting the abutment surface as a fixed constraint surface, turning on gravity, setting the gravity direction, and setting additional mass on the shell;

[0029] S26, setting boundary load: setting the boundary surface of the rear cover of the housing and the total force applied;

[0030] S27, dividing the mesh to form the finite element model.

[0031] In some preferred embodiments, in step S3, the solution is performed based on the following theoretical equation:

[0032]

[0033] Where S is the force-bearing area, is the unit normal vector, is the load force applied to the back cover, A is the force-bearing area of ​​the back cover;

[0034] In step S3, after solving, a displacement distribution diagram of the shell is obtained;

[0035] In step S4, the optimization parameters include the width and / or height of the stopper, the number and size of the reinforcing ribs on the shell. Specifically, the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the shell, and are generally in the shape of long strips extending in the front-rear direction.

[0036] The present invention adopts the above scheme and has the following advantages:

[0037] The speaker and speaker optimization method of the present invention simulate the speaker displacement and optimize the geometric structure of the speaker's limiter; first, the maximum displacement of the speaker under the boundary load is obtained through steady-state analysis; then iterative calculation is performed through structural optimization; finally, a geometric model that meets the limiter requirements is output according to the optimization result. The finite element method is applied to the displacement analysis of the tweeter speaker limiter, which overcomes the shortcomings of the experimental method's reliance on samples, long time consumption, and high cost, reduces the requirements for R&D hardware, improves design efficiency, and saves R&D costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0039] Figure 1 The figure is a three-dimensional geometric model of a tweeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 The figure is a cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional geometric model of a tweeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 The figure is a flow chart of an optimization method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 The figure is a simulation geometric model of a tweeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 are material parameters of a tweeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 The present invention is a fixing constraint surface of a tweeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of an additional mass domain of a tweeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 8 is a boundary load surface of a tweeter according to an embodiment of the present invention

[0047] Fig. 9 A simulation finite element mesh model of a tweeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Fig.10 Displacement distribution cloud diagram of the tweeter frame and rear cover before structural optimization.

[0049] Fig.11 This is the displacement distribution cloud diagram of the tweeter frame and back cover after structural optimization.

[0050] Fig.12 Maximum displacement of the front tweeter for structural optimization.

[0051] Fig.13 The maximum displacement of the tweeter after structural optimization.

[0052] In the above figures,

[0053] 100, tweeter;

[0054] 1. Shell; 11. Frame; 12. Back cover; 21. Buckle; 22. Limiting piece; 221. Base; 222. Deformation part; 223. Raised part; 224. Abutment surface; 3. Sound unit; 31. Diaphragm; 32. Voice coil; 33. Magnetic circuit assembly; 4. Panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is used to help understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0056] This embodiment provides a speaker, specifically a speaker such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 Tweeter shown. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tweeter includes a housing 1, on which a fixing structure is provided, and the tweeter is mounted on a speaker mounting member through the fixing structure. In some examples, the tweeter is used as a vehicle-mounted speaker, responsible for the playback of sound packets within the high frequency band of the vehicle audio system. Then, the above-mentioned speaker mounting member is a rigid structural member of the vehicle, and the tweeter is mounted on a rigid structural member of the vehicle. The rigid structural member may be a plate-like member, such as a mounting plate (preferably a sheet metal member) with mounting holes. The following will take the mounting plate as an example to illustrate the installation of the speaker.

[0057] Continue to refer to Figure 2 The sound unit 3 of the tweeter is installed in the housing 1. The sound unit 3 specifically includes a diaphragm 31, a voice coil 32 and a magnetic circuit assembly 33. The outer edge of the diaphragm 31 is fixed on the housing 1. The voice coil 32 is fixed to the middle of the diaphragm 31 and extends along the vibration axis of the diaphragm 31 to the magnetic gap of the magnetic circuit assembly 33, wherein the coil part of the voice coil 32 can be inserted in the magnetic gap movably along the above-mentioned vibration axis. The magnetic circuit assembly 33 includes a magnetic steel (which can be a permanent magnet) to provide a magnetic field for the coil in the magnetic gap. When the voice coil 32 is connected to the audio electrical signal, the voice coil 32 moves in the magnetic gap under the action of electromagnetic induction, thereby driving the diaphragm 31 to vibrate and realize electroacoustic conversion.

[0058] Furthermore, the housing 1 includes a frame 11 and a back cover 12, the fixing structure is arranged on the outer surface of the frame 11, and the sound unit 3 is arranged in the area enclosed by the frame 11 and the back cover 12. A panel 4 is arranged on the front side of the sound unit 3, and the panel 4 is fixedly connected to the frame 11; the panel 4 has a plurality of sound channels passing therethrough, and the shape of the panel 4 is configured such that the middle part bulges forward to facilitate sound diffusion.

[0059] The fixing structure includes a buckle 21 and a limiter 22, and the buckle 21 and the limiter 22 are arranged at intervals along the installation push-in direction of the speaker (roughly parallel to the vibration axis of the speaker), and the buckle 21 is located in front of the limiter 22. The front side surface of the buckle 21 has a guiding slope to facilitate the insertion of the frame 11 into the mounting plate. There is an installation gap between the buckle 21 and the limiter 22 for the speaker mounting member to be inserted, and the installation gap is slightly smaller than the thickness of the mounting plate. The limiter 22 includes a base 221 and a deformation portion 222, the base 221 is fixedly connected to the shell 1 or is integral with the shell 1, and the deformation portion 222 has an abutment surface 224 facing forward, and the abutment surface 224 protrudes toward the front side relative to the base 221. After the speaker is installed, the abutment surface 224 is squeezed by the speaker mounting part, so that the deformation part 222 elastically deforms backward to fix the speaker mounting part between the limit piece 22 and the buckle 21; specifically, a mounting hole is provided on the rigid structural part (mounting plate) for mounting the speaker, and after the installation is completed, the shell 1 is located in the mounting hole and the mounting plate is clamped between the buckle 21 and the limit piece 22.

[0060] The deformation portion 222 extends from the base 221 along the peripheral direction of the shell 1, and the deformation portion 222 has a length direction perpendicular to the installation push-in direction, and there is a gap between the deformation portion 222 and the outer surface of the shell 1. The deformation portion 222 has a protrusion 223 extending forward on one end away from the base 221, and the abutment surface 224 is formed on the front surface of the protrusion 223. One or more reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the shell; specifically, the reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer surface of the frame 11. In this embodiment, the number of reinforcing ribs is preferably multiple, and the multiple reinforcing ribs are arranged at intervals along the peripheral direction of the frame 11. Each reinforcing rib is in the shape of a long strip as a whole, extending in the front-to-back direction. The reinforcing ribs extend outward from the outer surface of the frame 11, and the thickness (the dimension along the diameter direction of the frame) is much smaller than the thickness of the buckle 21 and the limiter 22.

[0061] The plurality of buckles 21 are arranged at intervals along the outer circumference direction of the shell, the plurality of limit members 22 are arranged at intervals along the outer circumference direction of the shell, and the plurality of buckles 21 and the plurality of limit members 22 are staggered in the outer circumference direction.

[0062] The position-limiting member 22 is obtained by the following steps: establishing a finite element model of the loudspeaker, performing a steady-state solution on the finite element model, obtaining the maximum displacement of the position-limiting member 22, taking the parameters of the position-limiting member 22 when the maximum displacement meets the set position-limiting requirement as optimization parameters, and obtaining the position-limiting member 22 according to the optimization parameters. The optimization parameters include the width (dimension along the radial direction of the frame 11) and / or the height (dimension along the pushing direction / vibration axis direction) of the position-limiting member 22; and may also include the number and size of reinforcing ribs. The invention solves the following problems: during the installation of the tweeter, the rear cover 12 is pushed forward to make the frame 11 enter the installation hole, the buckle 21 first squeezes the installation plate (the part forming the hole wall of the installation hole), so that the installation plate is elastically deformed, and the buckle 21 is pushed forward and reaches the corresponding position smoothly; when the tweeter is pushed in to a certain distance, the protrusion 223 of the limiter 22 on the frame 11 will first contact the installation plate, because the limiter 22 has a certain elasticity, the tweeter can be restricted from further advancement through its deformation, and the installation plate is stuck between the limiter 22 and the buckle 21, so that the tweeter is fixed in a reasonable position, so that it will not shake due to the excessive front and rear gap; however, the thickness and size of the limiter 22 (especially the deformation part 222) will directly affect the feasibility of installation and fixation. When the forward pushing pressure is constant, if the limiter 22 is too thin, the tweeter cannot reach the corresponding position, and the limiter 22 is easy to break; if the limiter 22 is too thick, it will increase the difficulty of installation and affect the installation efficiency. Therefore, in this embodiment, the geometric structure of the limiting member 22 is designed to achieve the displacement limiting requirement of the tweeter under constant pressure.

[0063] When establishing the finite element model, the abutment surface 224 is set as a fixed constraint surface, the gravity direction is set, the additional mass on the rear cover 12 is set, the boundary surface of the rear cover 12 and the total force applied are set;

[0064] The solution is based on the following theoretical equation:

[0065]

[0066] Where S is the force-bearing area, is the unit normal vector, is the load force applied to the rear cover 12 , and A is the force-bearing area of ​​the rear cover 12 .

[0067] This embodiment also provides a speaker optimization method, specifically, an optimization method for the limiter 22 of a tweeter. The optimization method determines whether the structure of the limiter 22 meets the limiter requirement of the tweeter by calculating the maximum displacement and displacement distribution of the tweeter under the boundary load, so as to solve the following problems: 1) the sample test must be carried out after the tweeter sample is manufactured, which is time-consuming and costly; 2) the displacement and displacement distribution diagram of the sample cannot be obtained by the test, and further research and development and optimization cannot be guided.

[0068] Reference Figure 3 As shown, the main steps of the loudspeaker optimization method based on numerical simulation analysis of this embodiment include:

[0069] (1) Establishing finite element model

[0070] 1) Add spatial dimension, physical field interface and study type. Open COMSOL Multiphysics software, set spatial dimension to "3D", select physical field as "Solid Mechanics", and select study type as "Stationary".

[0071] 2) Establish a simulation geometry model of the tweeter. The modeling process is as follows:

[0072] A. Import the tweeter geometry model: Use "Geometry" related operations to import the 3D geometry model of the tweeter.

[0073] B. Geometry cleanup: Use the geometry cleanup function under the "Geometry" operation to clean up redundant points, lines, surfaces and bodies in the model.

[0074] 3) Set the material. Set the material model of the tweeter to "Linear Elastic Material" under the "Solid Mechanics" physics field.

[0075] 4) Set boundary conditions and loads. Set fixed boundaries, additional mass, and boundary loads under the "Solid Mechanics" physical field. The detailed setting steps are as follows:

[0076] A. Fixed constraint: Add a fixed constraint to the tweeter.

[0077] B.Added Mass: Add the mass of the actual incidental parts to the back cover of the tweeter.

[0078] C. Boundary Load: Add a boundary load surface and constant pressure to the back cover of the tweeter.

[0079] 5) Define material properties. The material properties of the finite element simulation model are related to the physical field, material model and boundary conditions. The material parameters that need to be set here include Young's modulus, density and Poisson's ratio.

[0080] 6) Mesh generation. Specify the mesh element type and mesh size to generate finite element mesh elements.

[0081] (2) Solution and post-processing

[0082] 1) Solution: The finite element method is used to solve the finite element model established in the above steps. The theoretical equation based on it is as follows:

[0083]

[0084] Where [M] is the mass matrix, M ij is a 3×3 submatrix that describes the mass coupling relationship between nodes i and j. [C] is the damping matrix, [K] is the static stiffness matrix, and K ij is a 3×3 submatrix that describes the stiffness relationship between nodes, u i (t) and f i (t) is a 3×1 vector representing the displacement and force of the node. The “steady state” method is used to solve.

[0085] The solution process is based on the following theoretical equation:

[0086]

[0087] Where S is the force-bearing area, is the unit normal vector, is the load force applied to the back cover, and A is the force-bearing area of ​​the back cover.

[0088] 2) Post-processing: The displacement cloud map and displacement value of the tweeter panel and rear shell can be obtained through post-processing.

[0089] (3) Iterative Optimization

[0090] According to the displacement cloud map and displacement amount obtained from the last calculation, adjust the geometric parameters of the limiter and the back cover, and then continue to refer to the above steps for solution and calculation to obtain the simulation results after structural optimization until the displacement amount meets the reliability requirements, and output the limiter model and parameters at this time.

[0091] The simplified geometric model of the tweeter is a model that ignores low-mass units such as voice coils, dust caps, and folding rings that have little impact on the simulation results. There are many ways to simplify the model, which can be done using professional 3D drawing software or using the "geometry" related functions of finite element software (such as COMSOL Multiphysics).

[0092] The finite element analysis software is COMSOL Multiphysics, which is a multi-physics field simulation analysis software. Its main functions include establishing geometric models, meshing, multi-physics field settings and solutions, and graphical display of results.

[0093] This optimization method applies the finite element method to the displacement analysis of the tweeter limiter, overcoming the shortcomings of the experimental method's reliance on samples, long time consumption, and high cost, reducing the requirements for R&D hardware, improving design efficiency, and saving R&D costs.

[0094] Example:

[0095] 1. Prepare 3D geometric model:

[0096] by Figure 1 The tweeter is taken as an optimization object. Figure 4 This is a simplified geometric model diagram after removing the diaphragm, voice coil, centering support, dust cap and other components.

[0097] 2. Statics Simulation

[0098] (1) Establishing finite element model

[0099] 1) Add spatial dimension, physical field interface and study type. Open COMSOL Multiphysics software, set spatial dimension to "3D", select physical field as "Solid Mechanics", and select study type as "Stationary".

[0100] 2) Establish a simulation geometry model of the tweeter, such as Figure 4 The modeling process is as follows:

[0101] A. Import the tweeter geometry model: Use the "Geometry" related operations to import Figure 1 The three-dimensional geometric model of the tweeter.

[0102] B. Geometry cleanup: Use the geometry cleanup function under the "Geometry" operation to clean up redundant points, lines, surfaces and bodies in the model.

[0103] 3) Set the material model. Under the "Solid Mechanics" physics field, set the material model of the tweeter to "Linear Elastic Material".

[0104] 4) Set boundary conditions and loads. Set fixed boundaries, additional mass, and boundary loads under the "Solid Mechanics" physical field. The detailed setting steps are as follows:

[0105] A. Fixed constraints: Add fixed constraints to the tweeter, such as Figure 6 shown.

[0106] B. Additional mass: Add the mass of the actual incidental parts to the back cover of the tweeter, such as Figure 7 shown.

[0107] C. Boundary load: Add boundary load surface and total force to the tweeter cover, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0108] 5) Define material properties. The material properties of the finite element simulation model are related to the physical field, material model and boundary conditions. The material parameters that need to be set here include Young's modulus, density, and Poisson's ratio, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0109] 6) Divide the mesh. Specify the mesh element type and mesh size to generate finite element mesh elements, such as Fig. 9 shown.

[0110] (2) Solution and post-processing

[0111] 1) Steady-state study.

[0112] A. Set up the solver. Set up a Stationary study.

[0113] B. Calculation. After the solver is configured, the finite element model is solved and calculated. The calculation process is implemented using the built-in algorithm of COMSOL software.

[0114] 2) Post-processing. The results that can be viewed through post-processing are as follows:

[0115] A. Add a "3D Plot Group", use "Solid" plotting, enter the expression solid.disp, and plot the displacement size distribution diagram of the tweeter frame and rear shell, such as Fig.10 and Fig.11 shown.

[0116] B. Add a "1D Plot Group", use the "Point Result Plot" to plot, select the boundary point, enter the expression: solid.disp, and plot the maximum displacement of the tweeter. Fig.12 and Fig.13 shown.

[0117] 3. Iterative Optimization

[0118] According to the displacement cloud map and displacement amount obtained from the last calculation, adjust the geometric parameters of the limiter and the back cover, and then repeat the above steps to solve and calculate to obtain the simulation results after structural optimization until the displacement meets the limit requirements, and output the geometric model and parameters at this time.

[0119] After several rounds of modification and simulation verification, the following structural optimization was finally carried out for this tweeter:

[0120] (1) Add three 0.8 mm × 1.0 mm ribs in the area above the three stoppers;

[0121] (2) The widths of the three stoppers are increased by 0.4mm, 1.1mm, and 1.3mm respectively;

[0122] (3) The heights of the three limiters are adjusted to 1.55 mm, 1.85 mm, and 1.85 mm respectively.

[0123] After optimization, the overall displacement distribution of the tweeter is more uniform, and the maximum displacement is reduced from 0.724mm in the original data to 0.306mm after optimization, meeting the limit requirement of 0.35mm.

[0124] As shown in this specification and claims, the terms "comprises" and "includes" only indicate the inclusion of explicitly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or device may also include other steps or elements.

[0125] It is further understood that in the present disclosure, "plurality" refers to two or more than two, and other quantifiers are similar thereto.

[0126] It is further understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to describe various information, but such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other, and do not indicate a specific order or degree of importance. In fact, the expressions "first", "second", etc. can be used interchangeably. For example, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure, the first information can also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information can also be referred to as the first information.

[0127] The above embodiment is only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and is a preferred embodiment. Its purpose is to enable people familiar with this technology to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and it cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A speaker, comprising a housing, wherein the housing is provided with a fixing structure for mounting the speaker on a speaker mounting member; characterized in that: The fixing structure comprises a buckle and a limiting member, the buckle and the limiting member are arranged at intervals along the installation push-in direction of the speaker, and the buckle is located in front of the limiting member, and there is an installation gap between the buckle and the limiting member for the speaker installation member to be inserted; the limiting member comprises a base and a deformation portion, the base is fixedly connected to the shell or is integral with the shell, and the deformation portion has an abutment surface facing forward, and the abutment surface protrudes forward relative to the base; after the speaker is installed, the abutment surface is squeezed by the speaker installation member, so that the deformation portion elastically deforms backwards to fix the speaker installation member between the limiting member and the buckle; The limiter is obtained by the following steps: establishing a finite element model of the speaker, performing a steady-state solution on the finite element model to obtain a maximum displacement of the limiter, taking the limiter parameters when the maximum displacement meets the set limit requirement as optimization parameters, and obtaining the limiter according to the optimization parameters.

2. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The deformation portion extends from the base along the peripheral direction of the shell, the deformation portion has a length direction perpendicular to the installation push-in direction, there is a gap between the deformation portion and the outer surface of the shell, and the optimization parameters include the width and / or height of the limit member.

3. The loudspeaker according to claim 2, characterized in that The deformation portion has a protrusion extending forward at one end away from the base portion, and the abutment surface is formed on a front surface of the protrusion.

4. The loudspeaker according to claim 2, characterized in that One or more reinforcing ribs are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the shell, and the optimization parameters also include the number and size of the reinforcing ribs.

5. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, characterized in that The plurality of buckles are arranged at intervals along the outer circumference direction of the shell, the plurality of limit members are arranged at intervals along the outer circumference direction of the shell, and the plurality of buckles and the plurality of limit members are staggered in the outer circumference direction.

6. The limiting member according to claim 1, characterized in that: The speaker is a tweeter, the shell includes a frame and a back cover, the fixing structure is arranged on the frame, the sound unit of the speaker is arranged in the area enclosed by the frame and the back cover, a panel is arranged on the front side of the sound unit, and the panel is fixedly connected to the frame; the speaker mounting part includes a rigid structural part of the vehicle, the rigid structural part is provided with a mounting hole, after the installation is completed, the shell is located in the mounting hole and the rigid structural part is clamped between the buckle and the limit part.

7. The limiting member according to claim 6, characterized in that: When establishing the finite element model, the abutment surface is set as a fixed constraint surface, the gravity direction is set, the additional mass on the rear cover is set, the boundary surface of the rear cover and the total force applied are set; The solution is based on the following theoretical equation: Where S is the force-bearing area, is the unit normal vector, is the load force applied to the back cover, and A is the force-bearing area of ​​the back cover.

8. A speaker optimization method, characterized in that: The housing of the speaker is provided with a fixing structure for mounting the speaker on a speaker mounting member, the fixing structure comprising a limiting member, the limiting member comprising a base and a deformation portion, the base being fixedly connected to the housing or being integral with the housing, the deformation portion having a contact surface facing forward, the contact surface protruding forward relative to the base; after the speaker is installed, the contact surface is squeezed by the speaker mounting member, so that the deformation portion elastically deforms backward to closely match the speaker mounting member; the speaker optimization method comprises: Step S1, establishing a geometric model of the loudspeaker; Step S2, establishing a finite element model according to the geometric model; Step S3, solving the game element model to obtain the maximum displacement of the limiter; Step S4, determine whether the maximum displacement meets the set limit requirements. If so, set the limit component parameters of the current geometric model as optimized parameters; if not, modify the limit component parameters of the geometric model in step S1, and repeat steps S2 and S3 for iterative optimization until the optimized parameters are obtained.

9. The speaker optimization method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step S2 is specifically as follows: S21. Add three-dimensional space dimension in the finite element software, select solid mechanics physics field, and select steady-state study; S22, importing the geometric model to form a joint body; S23, setting speaker material; S24. Define material parameters, including density, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the material; S25, setting constraints and additional mass: setting the abutment surface as a fixed constraint surface, turning on gravity, setting the gravity direction, and setting additional mass on the shell; S26, setting boundary load: setting the boundary surface of the rear cover of the housing and the total force applied; S27, dividing the mesh to form the finite element model.

10. The speaker optimization method according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S3, the solution is performed based on the following theoretical equation: Where S is the force-bearing area, is the unit normal vector, is the load force applied to the back cover, A is the force-bearing area of ​​the back cover; In step S3, after solving, a displacement distribution diagram of the shell is obtained; In step S4, the optimization parameters include the width and / or height of the limiter, and the number and size of the reinforcing ribs on the shell.

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