Tank end

Abstract

A can end (11) comprising: a metal end surface (13) having a first flat side (16) and a second flat side (17) facing away from the first flat side, in which an opening is formed in the end surface, which opening is delimited by a closing edge of the end surface and closed by a closure (19) separated from the surrounding end surface by a microgap (21) extending along the edge of the end surface, wherein a first end region (61) of the closure is connected to the peripheral end surface via a pivot bearing (30); and a tear-off member (37) arranged at the first flat side and engaging at a second end region (62) of the closure opposite the pivot bearing such that pivoting of the closure can be effected by pulling the tear-off member, wherein the microgap is interrupted between the first end region and the second end region by at least one retaining web (65). Pressure relief waves (77, 78, 79) extending at least partially around the opening are embossed into the end surface, and / or an elongated elevated portion (36) is embossed into the closure (19), and / or a closure release bead (38) is embossed into the closure (19) and extends along the edge of the opening at least past the at least one retaining web (65).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a can end, in particular a can end for a beverage can, comprising: a metal end surface having a first flat side and a second flat side facing away from the first flat side, wherein an opening is formed in the end surface, the opening being delimited by a closed edge of the end surface and closed by a closure of the metal end surface, wherein the closure is separated from the surrounding end surface by a microgap extending at least partially along the edge of the end surface, wherein a base surface of the closure is defined by the course of the microgap, wherein a first end region of the closure is connected to the surrounding end surface via a pivot bearing; and a tearing member, which is arranged at the first flat side and engaged at a second end region of the closure, the second end region being opposite to the pivot bearing, so that the closure can be pivoted away from the base surface in the direction of the first flat side by pulling at the tearing member, wherein the microgap is interrupted between the first end region and the second end region by at least one retaining web, and the closure and the surrounding end surface are connected to each other in a bonded manner via the retaining web. Background Art

[0002] Can ends of this type are used on a large scale for the manufacture of beverage cans and food cans, etc. They are simple and inexpensive to manufacture, enable stacking of cans of this type to save space, and can be easily opened and, if necessary, closed again by manually moving the closure. On account of the opening staged by the retaining web and the associated venting effect, no significant spraying, bursting or foaming occurs at the beginning of opening.

[0003] It is usually desirable that only a small amount of force is required when opening the can for the first time. However, in contrast, it is desirable that no leakage occurs in the area of ​​the opening, or that the sealing film provided on the second flat side does not stretch, even if the pressure inside the can increases. In practice, it is difficult to simultaneously ensure easy initial opening and sufficient stability under high pressure. A particular challenge is the pasteurization process necessary for many canned foods such as juices and meals, which is accompanied by a pressure of, for example, 6 bar and can lead to considerable material stresses. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a can end which is easy to open and which also has a high resistance to pressure increases in the associated can.

[0005] This object is achieved by a can end having the features of claim 1 .

[0006] According to the invention, at least one pressure release wave is embossed into the metal end surface and extends at least partially around the opening. The pressure release wave ensures a mechanical separation of the inner region including the opening from the surrounding outer end surface. If the can end bulges upwards due to an increase in pressure in the can, or continues to bulge upwards from a bent state, the pressure release wave is pulled apart to such an extent that the material undergoes a so-called inward discharge. In this way, the connection between the closure and the surrounding end surface, in particular the connection with the retaining web, is released. It has been shown that can ends provided with a pressure release wave are both easy to open and reliably withstand relatively high pressure values.

[0007] The pressure release wave may comprise a wave trough having a curved cross section and extending transversely to the base surface. The curved course ensures a flexible coupling between the inner end region and the outer end region to a certain extent and thereby contributes to the stabilization of the closed opening when the can end bulges upwards.

[0008] It can be provided that the height or depth of the pressure relief wave relative to the base surface is at least half the thickness of the metal end surface and at most four times the thickness of the metal end surface, and the height or depth of the pressure relief wave is preferably at least as great as the thickness of the metal end surface and at most twice the thickness of the metal end surface. The thickness of the metal end surface is to be understood here as a uniform or average thickness. The height or depth of the pressure relief wave is preferably uniform along its longitudinal extent. In practice, a specified height or depth has proven to be particularly advantageous.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the metal end surface is rotationally symmetric, and the radial extent of at least one pressure release wave relative to the rotation center of the metal end surface is at least twice and at most five times the thickness of the metal end surface. A pressure release wave of appropriate width can achieve the release function particularly reliably.

[0010] At least one pressure release wave preferably has a circular or arc-shaped course within the base surface. This results in a particularly uniform release effect, in particular in the case of a circular end surface.

[0011] The opening may have a geometric center that coincides with the center of the circular or arcuate path of at least one pressure release wave. This further promotes a uniform release effect.

[0012] According to another embodiment of the invention, at least two, preferably at least three and particularly preferably exactly three pressure release waves are embossed into the metal end surface and extend parallel to each other at least partially around the opening. Thus, the release effect is increased. Furthermore, the presence of a plurality of parallel pressure release waves enables the release to be graded in a customized manner.

[0013] The amount of height or depth of the pressure relief wave relative to the base surface preferably increases towards the opening. Thus, the radially innermost pressure relief wave provides the greatest flexibility. This graded pressure relief has proven to be particularly advantageous.

[0014] According to a particular embodiment, the arc length of the pressure release wave increases towards the opening. Generally, the further the pressure release wave is from the opening, the less expansion potential is required.

[0015] Preferably, the pressure release wave arranged closest to the opening has a closed circular path within the base surface, and at least one pressure release wave arranged further away from the opening has an interrupted circular path. For example, the interruption can be arranged in the area in which the opening is arranged closest to the edge of the end surface. In some cases, there is no space for further circulation of the pressure release wave in this area. However, it is already possible to arrange pressure release waves with interrupted paths. Particularly preferred embodiments provide a closed internal pressure release wave and two interrupted external pressure release waves.

[0016] A special embodiment of the invention provides that the metal end surface and the opening have respective geometric centers, which are arranged spaced apart from one another, wherein at least one pressure release wave arranged remote from the opening has an interruption of the circular course, through which the connecting line of the two geometric centers extends. For example, the metal end surface and the opening can be rotationally symmetrical, in particular circular, and the respective centers of rotation can form the geometric center.

[0017] The present invention also relates to a can end, in particular a can end for a beverage can, in particular a can end as described above, comprising a metal end surface having a first flat side and a second flat side facing away from the first flat side, wherein an opening is formed in the end surface, the opening being bounded by a closed edge of the end surface and closed by a closure of the metal end surface, wherein the closure is separated from the surrounding end surface by a microgap extending at least partially along the edge of the end surface, wherein a base surface of the closure is defined by the course of the microgap, wherein a first end region of the closure is connected to the surrounding end surface via a pivot bearing; and a tearing member, which is arranged at the first flat side and engaged at a second end region of the closure, the second end region being opposite to the pivot bearing, so that the closure can be pivoted away from the base surface in the direction of the first flat side by pulling at the tearing member, wherein the microgap is interrupted between the first end region and the second end region by at least two retaining webs, and the closure and the surrounding end surface are connected to each other in a combined manner via the retaining webs.

[0018] The more and wider the web is kept, the more stable the position of the closure in the opening. However, the stable fit of the closure makes initial opening more difficult. As mentioned above, it is challenging to simultaneously ensure easy initial opening and maintain sufficient stability under elevated pressure.

[0019] To address this problem, according to one aspect of the invention, an elongated raised portion is embossed into the closure, which rises above the base surface in the direction of the first flat side and extends transversely to a line that extends through two of the at least two retaining webs and through the elongated raised portion.

[0020] If the can end bulges upwards due to the increased pressure in the can, the central area of ​​the closure moves upwards first. The raised portion has a reinforcing effect and, due to its shape and orientation, ensures, like a lever, that the upward movement of the central area is accompanied by a downward movement of the edge area. Thus, a virtual axis of rotation is formed, which extends parallel to or coincides with the connecting line between the two retaining webs. As a result, the transition between the closure and the surrounding end surface is slowed down and undesirable deviations of the metal edges at the micro-gap are avoided. It has been shown that, due to the effect of the elongated raised portion, the retaining web can be moved farther back as a whole from the joining point of the tear-open member than before. This backward displacement is particularly advantageous because the ventilation effect is improved.

[0021] Starting from the second end region, the elongated raised portion can extend in the direction of the first end region. This means that starting from the engagement point of the tear-off member, the elongated raised portion can extend in the direction of the pivot bearing. When the can end bulges upwards, the region of the tear-off point is particularly free. This is advantageous because, due to the ventilation, the retaining web should be as far away from the tear-off point as possible and this region is therefore particularly susceptible to pressure loads.

[0022] A further embodiment of the invention provides that the opening has a geometric centre and the elongated raised portion has a longitudinal axis extending through the geometric centre of the opening. This ensures a particularly advantageous release effect.

[0023] Preferably, the height of the elongated raised portion relative to the base surface is at least as great as the thickness of the metal end surface and at most four times the thickness of the metal end surface, and particularly preferably, the height of the elongated raised portion is at least 1.5 times the thickness of the metal end surface and at most three times the thickness of the metal end surface. Such a height has proven to be particularly advantageous for common applications.

[0024] Preferably, the length of the elongated raised portion is at least five times the thickness of the metal end surface and at most seventy times the thickness of the metal end surface, wherein particularly preferably, the length of the elongated raised portion is at least twenty times the thickness of the metal end surface and at most fifty times the thickness of the metal end surface. Such a length of the raised portion ensures a particularly good adaptability of the reinforcement effect to standard end designs.

[0025] It can be provided that the opening has a rounded hexagonal shape and that the elongated raised portion extends from a corner region of the opening in the direction of an opposite corner region of the opening. In particular, the elongated raised portion can extend from a corner region coinciding with the second end region. Tearing at the corner enables particularly advantageous ventilation. The raised portion simultaneously ensures that the closure does not loosen prematurely at the corner. The rounded hexagonal shape of the opening is advantageous because it is particularly simple to provide the retaining web in the straight section.

[0026] The elongated raised portion may have a bat shape. This achieves a particularly advantageous graded reinforcement effect.

[0027] According to a particular embodiment, the elongated raised portion has a head section close to the edge and a tail section narrowing relative to the head section. It has been shown that a particularly significant increase in stability is desired in the edge region.

[0028] The tail section can taper in a direction away from the head section, preferably continuously. The reinforcement effect then weakens away from the tearing point, which has proven to be particularly advantageous.

[0029] The present invention further relates to a can end, in particular a can end for a beverage can, in particular a can end as described above, comprising: a metal end surface, the metal end surface having a first flat side and a second flat side facing away from the first flat side, wherein an opening is formed in the end surface, the opening being bounded by a closed edge of the end surface and closed by a closure of the metal end surface, wherein the closure is separated from the surrounding end surface by a microgap extending at least partially along the edge of the end surface, wherein a first end region of the closure is connected to the surrounding end surface via a pivot bearing; and a tearing member, the tearing member being arranged at the first flat side and engaged at a second end region of the closure, the second end region being opposite to the pivot bearing, so that by pulling at the tearing member the closure can be pivoted away from a base surface defined by the opening in the direction of the first flat side, wherein the microgap is interrupted between the first end region and the second end region by at least one retaining web, and the closure and the surrounding end surface are connected to each other in a combined manner via the retaining web.

[0030] In order to solve the initially mentioned problem, according to another aspect of the invention, a closure release bead is stamped into the closure and extends along the edge of the opening at least past at least one retaining web.

[0031] In the event of an increase in pressure in the tank, the retaining web is disengaged from the central area of ​​the closure by the closure release bead and thus prevents undesired overloading. The stretching of the end surface is compensated by the closure release bead so that overloading or even breaking of the retaining web does not occur.

[0032] The closure release curling edge can be bent toward away from the edge in the holding web region. In this design, the closure release curling edge is particularly effective in keeping the central area of ​​the web and the closure member.

[0033] It can be provided that the micro-gap is interrupted between the first end region and the second end region by a plurality of retaining webs, via which the closure and the surrounding end surface are connected to one another in a bonded manner, wherein the closure release bead extends over all retaining webs and is bent toward the distal edge in the region of each retaining web. All retaining webs are thus protected from overloading.

[0034] The closure release bead is preferably bent toward the edge in the region between two consecutive holding webs. This enables the formation of a closed peripheral closure release bead, although it is bent away from the edge in the region of the holding webs.

[0035] A further embodiment of the invention provides that the height or depth of the closing and releasing bead relative to the base surface is at most 1.5 times the thickness of the metal end surface, wherein the height or depth of the closing and releasing bead is preferably at most as great as the thickness of the metal end surface. This has proven to be particularly advantageous for common end designs.

[0036] The closing release bead preferably has a first side facing the end surface edge and a second side facing away from the end surface edge, wherein the second side is steeper than the first side. This leads to a particularly advantageous release effect.

[0037] The combination of a pressure relief wave as described above with an elongated raised portion and / or a closed release bead as described above has proven to be particularly advantageous. The above-described pressure relief feature can in particular have a graded effect. For example, in the case of a moderate pressure increase, only the pressure relief wave can start to act, and only when a higher threshold is exceeded can the retaining web be protected by the closed release bead.

[0038] Furthermore, further developments of the invention can be seen from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The present invention will be described below by way of examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Figure 1 is a plan view of a can end according to the present invention in a closed state;

[0041] Figure 2 Showing no basis for closing parts Figure 1 The can end;

[0042] Figure 3 Shown in a separate view according to Figure 2 Closures on the ends of cans;

[0043] Figure 4 Shows a cut along line AA Figure 3 a cross-section of the closure member; and

[0044] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view showing Figure 1 Arrangement of the pressure relief wave at the tank end. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Figure 1 and Figure 2 A can end 11 designed according to the present invention is shown, which is used for a beverage can or the like and has a metal end surface 13. The metal end surface 13 has a first flat (here upper) side 16 and a second flat (here lower) side 17 ( Figure 4 ), the second flat lower side 17 faces away from the first flat side 16 and is preferably formed by a metal sheet layer consisting of aluminum or tinplate. The metal end surface 13 preferably has a uniform thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm, preferably about 0.2 mm. A coating consisting of a plastic material can be applied to the second flat side 17 of the metal end surface 13. In the embodiment shown, the metal end surface 13 is circular in plan view and has a center 20. The can end 11 can be connected to a beverage container via a beaded rim 18 of the metal end surface 13.

[0046] The opening is provided in the metal end surface 13 and, in the illustrated delivery state of the can end 11, is closed by a portion of the metal end surface 13 in the form of a closure 19. Figure 2 As can be seen, the closure 19 is separated from the surrounding end surface by a boundary in the form of a micro-gap 21. Figure 4 As can be seen, the micro gap 21 extends in a plane and defines a base surface 23 of the can end 11. As shown, the opening is offset from the center of the metal end surface 13, ie, the geometric center of the opening is spaced from the center 20 of the circle.

[0047] The can end 11 comprises a sealing frame, not identified in the drawings, which consists of a plastic material surrounding an opening and is fixedly connected to the metal end surface 13. A closing unit 29 consisting of a plastic material and supporting the closure 19 is also provided and is pivotably connected to the sealing frame via a pivot bearing 30. A releasable liquid-tight connection between the sealing frame and the closing unit 29 can be achieved by a latching device, not shown, which is formed by sealing and latching ribs and associated receiving grooves. Thus, the can end 11 is reclosable.

[0048] A tear-off member 37, which is here annular and preferably also made of plastic, is connected to the closure unit 29. By pulling the tear-off member 37, the user can pivot the closure 19 upwards out of the base surface 23 and can thus release the opening.

[0049] exist Figure 3 The closure element 19 is shown separately in FIG. In the embodiment shown, the closure element 19 has a rounded hexagonal shape. The first end region 61 of the closure element 19 is connected via the pivot bearing 30 ( Figure 1 ) and the sealing frame are connected to the surrounding end surface, while the annular tearing member 29 is engaged at the second end region 62 of the closure 19, which is opposite to the pivot bearing 30 via the closure unit 29. The two end regions 61, 62 are located at oppositely arranged rounded corners of the closure 19. As shown in the figure, the corner of the closure 19 associated with the second end region 62 is more pronounced than the other corners.

[0050] Between the first end region 61 and the second end region 62, the microgap 21 is interrupted by a total of six retaining webs 65, via which the closure 19 and the surrounding end surface are connected to each other in a bonded manner. A connecting line 67 extends through the two front retaining webs 65, i.e. the retaining webs 65 arranged closest to the second end region 62.

[0051] When opening the can for the first time, the user pulls at the tear-off member 37 and thereby pivots upwards the closing unit 29 with the closure 19. In this respect, the latching connection between the closing unit 29 and the sealing frame is released.

[0052] Due to the retaining webs 65, only a relatively small opening is produced in the end surface 13 at the beginning of the pivoting process, which extends from the second end region 62 to the region of the two front retaining webs 65, i.e. approximately to the connecting line 67. The retaining webs 65 at least temporarily hinder further opening. The relatively small opening in the environment of the second end region 62 provides for venting of the can. In the further course of the initial opening process, the retaining webs 65 tear one by one. The closure 19 can then be completely pivoted upwards to release the entire opening. Due to the graduated opening by the retaining webs 65 and the associated venting effect, no significant spraying, bursting or blistering occurs in this respect.

[0053] A support block 31 including a planar support portion 33 is stamped into the closure 19. The support block 31 of the closure 19 is similar in shape to the other three support blocks 34, 35, 39 ( Figure 1 ), which are stamped into the metal end surface 13 in the area surrounding the opening. All support blocks 34, 35, 39 have the same height 50 ( Figure 4 ).

[0054] There are provided three raised pressure relief waves 77, 78, 79 extending parallel to each other at least partially around the opening ( Figure 2), to prevent excessive material stress in the event of increased pressure in the tank. Specifically, the radially innermost pressure release wave 77 has a closed circular path centered at the geometric center of the opening. The intermediate pressure release wave 78 and the radially outermost pressure release wave 79 have respective arc paths centered at the geometric center of the opening, but are not peripherally closed. In contrast, the intermediate pressure release wave 78 and the radially outermost pressure release wave 79 are interrupted, with the corresponding interruptions 80 being arranged so that they occupy the position closest to the beaded edge 18. As shown in the figure, the interruption 80 of the radially outermost pressure release wave 79 is preferably longer than the interruption 80 of the intermediate pressure release wave 78. For example, the intermediate pressure release wave 78 can extend over an angle of approximately 300°, and the radially outermost pressure release wave 79 can extend over an angle of approximately 250°.

[0055] exist Figure 5 2 shows the pressure relief waves 77, 78, 79 in cross section. Each pressure relief wave 77, 78, 79 comprises a trough 81 having a curved cross section and extending transversely to the base surface 23. Between the troughs 81 there are peaks 82, which also have a curved cross section. Preferably, the depth of the troughs 81 relative to the base surface 23 is at least as great as the thickness of the metal end surface 13 and at most twice the thickness of the metal end surface 13. Figure 5 It can be seen from the figure that the depths 85, 86, 87 of the wave valleys 81 relative to the base surface 23 increase toward the opening, that is, from the outside to the inside.

[0056] When the can end 11 bulges upward due to the increase in pressure inside the can, starting from the radially innermost pressure release wave 77, the pressure release waves 77, 78, 79 are pulled apart to a certain extent. The three pressure release waves 77, 78, 79 extending around the opening thus ensure a graded mechanical separation of the opening area from the surrounding external end surface. In this way, the connection between the closure 19 and the surrounding end surface is released.

[0057] Further pressure relief is achieved by an elongated raised portion 36 which is stamped into the closure 19 and projects above the base surface 23 in the direction of the first flat side 16, i.e., upwards in the illustrated embodiment. The elongated raised portion 36 has a longitudinal axis 70 which is oriented transversely to the connecting line 67. Furthermore, the elongated raised portion 36 has a club-like shape with a head section 89 close to the edge and a tail section 90 which narrows relative to the head section 89 close to the edge. The tail section 90 tapers continuously in a direction away from the head section 89. The head section 89 is arranged in the second end region 62 so that the elongated raised portion 36 extends from the second end region 62 in the direction of the first end region 61.

[0058] When the can end 11 bulges upward due to the increase in the internal pressure of the can, the central area of ​​the closure 19 moves upward first. Due to the reinforcement effect of the raised portion 36, this movement of the central area is accompanied by a downward movement of the second end area 62. That is, the part of the closure 19 facing the second end area 62 pivots about the connecting line 67, whereby the transition between the closure 19 and the surrounding end surface is slowed down in the environment of the second end area 62.

[0059] In addition, the closure release bead 38 is embossed into the closure 19 and extends along the micro gap 21 and forms a depression relative to the first flat side 16. This means that the closure release bead 38 is raised in the opposite direction relative to the elongated raised portion 36. In the embodiment shown, the closure release bead 38 is closed along the perimeter and is alternately bent away from the micro gap 21 and towards the micro gap 21. The section 95 bent away from the micro gap 21 is located next to the retaining web 65, and the section 96 bent towards the micro gap 21 is incorporated between the retaining webs 65. Thus, a flower-like pattern of the closure release bead 38 is formed in a plan view. In the second end region 62, the closure release bead 38 is incorporated into the head section 89 of the elongated raised portion 36.

[0060] Preferably, the depth of the closure release bead 38 relative to the base surface 23 is at most as great as the thickness of the metal end surface 13. The outer side of the edge facing the closure 19 is preferably less steep than the opposite inner side.

[0061] In the event of an increase in the internal tank pressure, the retaining web 65 is separated from the central region of the closure 19 by the closure release bead 38, thereby preventing an undesirable overload.

[0062] The present invention provides a reclosable can end 11 which is easy to open even when first opened and which still meets all stability requirements for pasteurization and storage of the can.

[0063] Reference numerals list

[0064] 11 Tank end

[0065] 13 Metal end surface

[0066] 16 First flat side

[0067] 17 Second flat side

[0068] 18 Beaded Edge

[0069] 19 Closure

[0070] 20 Center

[0071] 21 Micro Gap

[0072] 23 Base

[0073] 29 closed units

[0074] 30 Pivot bearing

[0075] 31 Support block

[0076] 33 Plane support part

[0077] 34 Support block

[0078] 35 Support block

[0079] 36 Slender raised section

[0080] 37 Tear off the components

[0081] 38 Closed release hem

[0082] 39 Support block

[0083] 50 Height of support block

[0084] 61 First end region

[0085] 62 Second end region

[0086] 65 Keep Belly

[0087] 67 Connection line

[0088] 70 longitudinal axis

[0089] 77 Internal Pressure Release Wave

[0090] 78 Intermediate pressure release wave

[0091] 79 Outer Pressure Release Wave

[0092] 80 Interrupt

[0093] 81 Trough

[0094] 82 Crest

[0095] 85 Depth of external trough

[0096] 86 Depth of the middle trough

[0097] 87 Depth of internal trough

[0098] 89 Header section

[0099] 90 tail section

[0100] 95 Segment bent toward and away from the microgap

[0101] 96 Segment bent towards the microgap.

Claims

1. A can end (11), in particular for a beverage can, comprising: A metal end surface (13) having a first flat side (16) and a second flat side (17) facing away from the first flat side (16), wherein an opening is formed in the end surface (13), the opening being delimited by a closed edge of the end surface (13) and being closed by a closure (19) of the metal end surface (13), wherein the closure (19) is separated from a surrounding end surface by a microgap (21) extending at least partially along the edge of the end surface (13), wherein a base surface (23) of the closure (19) is defined by the course of the microgap (21), wherein a first end region (61) of the closure (19) is connected to the surrounding end surface via a pivot bearing (30); and a tear-off element (37) which is arranged on the first flat side (16) and engages at a second end region (62) of the closure element (19), the second end region (62) being opposite the pivot bearing (30), so that by pulling at the tear-off element (37), the closure element (19) can be pivoted out of the base surface (23) in the direction of the first flat side (16), wherein the micro gap (21) is interrupted between the first end region (61) and the second end region (62) by at least one retaining web (65), the closure element (19) and the surrounding end surface being connected to each other in a bonding manner via the at least one retaining web, It is characterized in that At least one pressure relief wave (77, 78, 79) is impressed into the metal end surface (13) and extends at least partially around the opening.

2. The can end according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The pressure relief waves (77, 78, 79) include wave valleys (81) which have a curved cross section and extend transversely to the base surface (23).

3. The can end according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that The height or depth (85, 86, 87) of the pressure release wave (77, 78, 79) relative to the base surface (23) is at least half of the thickness of the metal end surface (13) and at most four times the thickness of the metal end surface (13), wherein the height or depth (85, 86, 87) of the pressure release wave (77, 78, 79) is preferably at least as large as the thickness of the metal end surface (13) and at most twice the thickness of the metal end surface (13).

4. A can end according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The metal end surface (13) is rotationally symmetric, and the radial extent of the at least one pressure release wave (77, 78, 79) relative to the center of rotation (20) of the metal end surface is at least two times and at most five times the thickness of the metal end surface (13).

5. A can end according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The at least one pressure release wave (77, 78, 79) has a circular or arc-shaped course within the base surface (23).

6. The can end according to claim 5, It is characterized in that The opening has a geometric center which coincides with the center point of the circular or arcuate path of the at least one pressure release wave (77, 78, 79).

7. A can end according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that At least two, preferably at least three and particularly preferably exactly three pressure relief waves (77, 78, 79) are impressed into the metal end surface (13) and extend parallel to one another at least partially around the opening.

8. The can end according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The amount (85, 86, 87) of the height or depth of the pressure release wave (77, 78, 79) relative to the base surface (23) increases towards the opening.

9. A can end according to claim 7 or 8, It is characterized in that The arc length of the pressure release wave (77, 78, 79) increases towards the opening.

10. A can end according to any one of claims 7 to 9, It is characterized in that The pressure release wave (77) arranged closest to the opening has a closed circular path within the base surface (23), and at least one pressure release wave (78, 79) arranged away from the opening has an interrupted circular path.

11. The can end according to claim 10, Features The metal end surface (13) and the opening have respective geometric centers arranged to be spaced apart from each other, wherein the at least one pressure release wave (78, 79) arranged away from the opening has an interruption (80) of the circular path, and a connecting line of the two geometric centers extends through the interruption.

12. A can end (11), in particular for a beverage can, in particular a can end according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: A metal end surface (13) having a first flat side (16) and a second flat side (17) facing away from the first flat side (16), wherein an opening is formed in the end surface (13), the opening being delimited by a closed edge of the end surface and being closed by a closure piece (19) of the metal end surface (13), wherein the closure piece (19) is separated from the surrounding end surface by a microgap (21) extending at least partially along the edge of the end surface, wherein a base surface (23) of the closure piece (19) is defined by the course of the microgap (21), wherein a first end region (61) of the closure piece (19) is connected to the surrounding end surface via a pivot bearing (30); and a tear-off element (37) which is arranged on the first flat side (16) and engages at a second end region (62) of the closure element (19), the second end region (62) being opposite the pivot bearing (30), so that by pulling at the tear-off element (37), the closure element (19) can be pivoted out of the base surface (23) in the direction of the first flat side (16), wherein the micro gap (21) is interrupted between the first end region (61) and the second end region (62) by at least two retaining webs (65), the closure element (19) and the surrounding end surface being connected to each other in a bonding manner via the at least two retaining webs, It is characterized in that An elongated raised portion (36) is stamped into the closure (19), the elongated raised portion (36) extending transversely to a line (67) extending through two of the at least two retaining webs (65) and through the elongated raised portion (36) and rising above the base surface (23) in the direction of the first flat side (16).

13. The can end according to claim 12, It is characterized in that The elongated raised portion (36) starts from the second end region (62) and extends in the direction of the first end region (61).

14. A can end according to claim 12 or 13, It is characterized in that The opening has a geometric center and the elongated raised portion (36) has a longitudinal axis (70) extending through the geometric center of the opening.

15. A can end according to any one of claims 12 to 14, It is characterized in that Relative to the base surface (23), the height of the elongated raised portion (36) is at least as great as the thickness of the metal end surface (13) and at most four times the thickness of the metal end surface (13), wherein the height of the elongated raised portion (36) is preferably at least 1.5 times the thickness of the metal end surface (13) and at most three times the thickness of the metal end surface (13).

16. A can end according to any one of claims 12 to 15, It is characterized in that The length of the elongated raised portion (36) is at least five times the thickness of the metal end surface (13) and at most seventy times the thickness of the metal end surface (13), wherein the length of the elongated raised portion (36) is preferably at least twenty times the thickness of the metal end surface (13) and at most fifty times the thickness of the metal end surface (13).

17. A can end according to any one of claims 12 to 16, It is characterized in that The opening has a rounded hexagonal shape, and the elongated raised portion (36) starts from a corner region of the opening and extends in the direction of an opposite corner region of the opening.

18. A can end according to any one of claims 12 to 17, It is characterized in that The elongated raised portion (36) has a bat shape.

19. A can end according to any one of claims 12 to 18, It is characterized in that The elongated raised portion (36) has a head section (89) proximate the edge and a tail section (90) narrowed relative to the head section (89).

20. The can end according to claim 19, Features The tail section (90) tapers in a direction away from the head section (89), preferably tapers continuously.

21. A can end (11), in particular for a beverage can, in particular a can end according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising: A metal end surface (13) having a first flat side (16) and a second flat side (17) facing away from the first flat side (16), wherein an opening is formed in the end surface (13), the opening being delimited by a closed edge of the end surface (13) and being closed by a closure (19) of the metal end surface (13), wherein the closure (19) is separated from a surrounding end surface by a microgap (21) extending at least partially along an edge of the end surface (13), wherein a first end region (61) of the closure (19) is connected to the surrounding end surface via a pivot bearing (30); and a tearing member (37) arranged on the first flat side (16) and engaging the closure element (19) at a second end region (62) opposite the pivot bearing (30), so that by pulling on the tearing member (37) the closure element (19) can be pivoted out of the base surface (23) defined by the opening in the direction of the first flat side (16), wherein the microgap (21) is interrupted between the first end region (61) and the second end region (62) by at least one retaining web (65), the closure element (19) and the surrounding end surface being connected to each other in a bonding manner via the at least one retaining web, It is characterized in that A closure release bead (38) is stamped into the closure member (19) and extends along the edge of the opening at least past the at least one retaining web (65).

22. The can end according to claim 21, It is characterized in that The closure release bead (38) is bent away from the edge in the region of the retaining web (65).

23. A can end according to claim 22, It is characterized in that The microgap (21) is interrupted between the first end region (61) and the second end region (62) by a plurality of retaining webs (65), the closure piece (19) and the surrounding end surface being connected to each other in a combined manner via the plurality of retaining webs, wherein the closure release bead (38) extends over all of the retaining webs (65) and is bent away from the edge in the region of each retaining web (65).

24. A can end according to claim 23, It is characterized in that The closure release bead (38) is bent towards the edge in the region between two consecutive retaining webs (65).

25. A can end according to any one of claims 21 to 24, It is characterized in that Relative to the base surface (23), the height or depth of the closing and releasing bead (38) is at most 1.5 times the thickness of the metal end surface (13), wherein the height or depth of the closing and releasing bead (38) is preferably at most as great as the thickness of the metal end surface (13).

26. A can end according to any one of claims 21 to 25, It is characterized in that The closure release bead (38) has a first side facing the edge of the end surface and a second side facing away from the edge of the end surface, wherein the second side is steeper than the first side.

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