Multi-layer efficient silkworm garden planting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of silkworm garden planting, and particularly discloses a multi-layer efficient silkworm garden planting method which comprises the following steps: S1, removing ground weeds, turning over land, carrying out soil improvement and soil detection, and applying a fertilizer; s2, after the fertilizer is applied, the planting density and the layout scheme are formulated, and mulberry trees, idesia polycarpa and gynostemma pentaphylla are planted in sequence; s3, after the fiveleaf gynostemma herb is planted, mulching film covering or plant ash covering is conducted, and organic fertilizer is applied regularly; s4, pest control is adopted; s5, regularly picking mulberry leaves and idesia polycarpa and harvesting gynostemma pentaphylla; according to the method, by planting the gynostemma pentaphyllum, weed growth is inhibited, the weeding cost is reduced, meanwhile, due to the fact that the idesia polycarpa and the mulberries are symbiotic, management investment is reduced, the effect of reducing manpower and material resource cost is achieved, diversified plant planting can improve soil quality and biological diversity, dependence on chemical fertilizer and pesticide is reduced, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. Therefore, the environmental pollution risk is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of silkworm and mulberry garden planting, and in particular relates to a multi-level and efficient silkworm and mulberry garden planting method. Background Art

[0002] Sericulture and sericulture have a 5,000-year history in my country. It is a traditional industry with very mature planting technology. There are many varieties of mulberry, but the regions suitable for planting different varieties vary. Traditional mulberry cultivation and silkworm breeding is organized by manual feeling and experience, and local materials are used as auxiliary materials for mulberry cultivation and silkworm breeding. Therefore, labor production efficiency is low, products are single, quality is not high, output is low, and costs remain high, resulting in low economic and social benefits.

[0003] Although the modern sericulture industry has developed rapidly by making full use of modern scientific and technological means to improve mulberry varieties, improve the environmental conditions for silkworm breeding, and increase the scientific and technological content, the sericulture industry is still developing rapidly. However, in terms of the characteristics of mulberry growth, it likes light and needs a lot of fertilizer and water to ensure growth. Therefore, even if the planting method is changed to make full use of the edge of the field and the corner of the field to plant mulberry gardens with high standards and specifications, there is still a low land utilization rate, the mulberry garden cannot be fully utilized to increase production capacity, the planting management cost is high, and the income from the mulberry garden is single.

[0004] At the same time, in order to remove the weeds in the mulberry garden, we either have to use herbicides or cut them manually, which is labor-intensive and increases management costs, and seriously affects the use of mulberry leaves, resulting in lower silkworm yields, affected cocoon quality, and naturally affected economic benefits. At the same time, land pollution will become more and more serious. In addition, if we only plant mulberry trees and raise silkworms, silkworm farmers can only work for half a year, and the land will be idle for half a year, which is no longer suitable for modern sericulture.

[0005] Through "multi-level and efficient mulberry garden planting", we can make full use of the land for multiple planting and increase the per mu mulberry yield. At the same time, we can reduce management costs, increase the output and quality of various products, improve labor productivity, save time, labor and investment, and achieve both economic and social benefits.

[0006] Sericulture is a plant that is both edible and medicinal. Its unique growth environment conditions are not necessarily compatible with other plants. Therefore, it is very selective. Through practice, it has been proved that the survival of the fittest among several plans, and finally the three plants that are both edible and medicinal but do not grow at the same level are selected in a high-standard and standardized dense mulberry garden. At the same time, they are compatible with each other during the growth process, and do not exclude or affect each other. It is particularly worth noting that the three plants must have products produced after planting, which do not need to be artificially chemically treated to be used, but are green and environmentally friendly products that can be fully utilized only through physical disposal.

[0007] In response to this, the inventor proposed a multi-level and efficient silkworm and mulberry garden planting method to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0008] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-level and efficient silkworm and mulberry garden planting method to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] Multi-level and efficient sericulture garden planting method, including:

[0011] S1. Clear the weeds on the ground, till the land, improve the soil, test the soil, and apply fertilizer;

[0012] S2. After fertilization, a planting density and layout plan is formulated, and mulberry trees, tung oil trees and gynostemma pentaphyllum are planted in sequence, and water is applied immediately after planting to keep the soil moist and promote the growth of plant roots;

[0013] S3. After planting Gynostemma pentaphyllum, cover with mulch or plant ash to maintain soil moisture and inhibit weed growth. Apply organic fertilizer regularly to increase plant yield, especially during the mulberry growing season.

[0014] S4. Use pest control, observe the growth status of plants, find and treat pests in time, use the covering properties of Gynostemma pentaphyllum to prevent weed growth, and if weeds appear, remove them manually in appropriate amounts;

[0015] S5. Regularly pick mulberry leaves, hairy-leaved tung nuts and harvest Gynostemma pentaphyllum, and carry out grading and yield evaluation.

[0016] Preferably, the fertilizer includes compost and well-rotted farmyard manure, and according to the soil test results, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are additionally applied.

[0017] Preferably, 600 to 650 mulberry trees and 35 to 40 Castanopsis pubescens seedlings are planted per mu of land, and 35 to 40 Gynostemma pentaphyllum plants are planted between the rows of mulberry trees.

[0018] Preferably, the soil improvement further comprises adjusting the pH of the soil, and the soil improvement reagents comprise sodium nitrate, calcium sulfate, calcium oxide and lime nitrogen.

[0019] Preferably, the pest control measures include setting up insect nets, insect traps and regularly inspecting the planting area.

[0020] Preferably, the expression of the benefit evaluation is:

[0021] C=FC+VC

[0022] E=RC

[0023] Where C: total cost

[0024] FC: fixed costs, including land rent and equipment costs;

[0025] VC: variable costs, including fertilizer and labor costs;

[0026] E: Economic benefits;

[0027] R: total income;

[0028] By calculating the cost and benefit, the economic benefits are analyzed. If E>0, the project is feasible, otherwise the planting strategy needs to be adjusted.

[0029] Preferably, the expression of the benefit evaluation is:

[0030] C=FC+VC

[0031] E=RC

[0032] Where C: total cost

[0033] FC: fixed costs, including land rent and equipment costs;

[0034] VC: variable costs, including fertilizer and labor costs;

[0035] E: Economic benefits;

[0036] R: total income;

[0037] By calculating costs and benefits and analyzing economic benefits, if E>0, the project is feasible, otherwise the planting strategy needs to be adjusted.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0039] The present invention inhibits weed growth and reduces weed control costs by planting Gynostemma pentaphyllum. At the same time, since the hairy-leaved tung oil tree and the mulberry tree coexist, management input is reduced, achieving the effect of reducing manpower and material costs. Diversified plant planting can improve soil quality, enhance biodiversity, and reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, thereby reducing environmental pollution risks. This model not only obtains income through silkworm breeding, but also creates multiple income sources through the sale of hairy-leaved tung oil tree and Gynostemma pentaphyllum, reducing agricultural management risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of the multi-level and efficient silkworm and mulberry garden planting method. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] See also Figure 1 As shown, the multi-level efficient sericulture garden planting method includes:

[0044] S1. Clear the weeds on the ground, till the land, improve the soil, test the soil, and apply fertilizer;

[0045] S2. After fertilization, a planting density and layout plan is formulated, and mulberry trees, tung oil trees and gynostemma pentaphyllum are planted in sequence, and water is applied immediately after planting to keep the soil moist and promote the growth of plant roots;

[0046] S3. After planting Gynostemma pentaphyllum, cover with mulch or plant ash to maintain soil moisture and inhibit weed growth. Apply organic fertilizer regularly to increase plant yield, especially during the mulberry growing season.

[0047] S4. Use pest control, observe the growth status of plants, find and treat pests in time, use the covering properties of Gynostemma pentaphyllum to prevent weed growth, and if weeds appear, remove them manually in appropriate amounts;

[0048] S5. Regularly pick mulberry leaves, hairy-leaved tung nuts and harvest Gynostemma pentaphyllum, and carry out grading and yield evaluation.

[0049] As can be seen from the above, by planting Gynostemma pentaphyllum, weed growth is suppressed and weed control costs are reduced. At the same time, due to the symbiosis between Tung tung and mulberry trees, management input is reduced, achieving the effect of reducing manpower and material costs. Diversified plant planting can improve soil quality, enhance biodiversity, reduce dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and thus reduce environmental pollution risks. This model not only generates income through silkworm breeding, but also creates multiple sources of income through the sales of Tung tung and Gynostemma pentaphyllum, reducing agricultural management risks.

[0050] Embodiment 2:

[0051] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the fertilizer includes compost and well-rotted farmyard manure, and according to the soil test results, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are additionally applied.

[0052] Specifically, 600 mulberry trees and 35 hairy-leaved tung oil tree seedlings are planted per acre, and 35 Gynostemma pentaphyllum plants are planted between the rows of mulberry trees.

[0053] Specifically, soil improvement also includes adjusting the pH of the soil, and the reagents for soil improvement are sodium nitrate and calcium sulfate.

[0054] Specifically, pest control measures include setting up insect nets, insect traps, and regular inspections of planting areas.

[0055] Specifically, the expression of benefit evaluation is:

[0056] C=FC+VC

[0057] E=RC

[0058] Where C: total cost

[0059] FC: fixed costs, including land rent and equipment costs;

[0060] VC: variable costs, including fertilizer and labor costs;

[0061] E: Economic benefits;

[0062] R: total income;

[0063] By calculating the cost and benefit, the economic benefits are analyzed. If E>0, the project is feasible, otherwise the planting strategy needs to be adjusted.

[0064] Specifically, the expression of benefit evaluation is:

[0065] C=FC+VC

[0066] E=RC

[0067] Where C: total cost

[0068] FC: fixed costs, including land rent and equipment costs;

[0069] VC: variable costs, including fertilizer and labor costs;

[0070] E: Economic benefits;

[0071] R: total income;

[0072] By calculating costs and benefits and analyzing economic benefits, if E>0, the project is feasible, otherwise the planting strategy needs to be adjusted.

[0073] From the above, we can see that the application of compost and decomposed farmyard manure, as well as the precise addition of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer according to soil test results, effectively improved soil fertility, and provided sufficient nutrients for the growth of mulberry trees, tung oil tree seedlings and Gynostemma pentaphyllum. At the same time, the use of reagents such as sodium nitrate and calcium sulfate to adjust the soil pH further improved the soil environment, which is conducive to the healthy growth of crops.

[0074] Every acre of land is scientifically planned to be planted with mulberry trees and tung oil tree seedlings, and Gynostemma pentaphyllum is planted between the rows of mulberry trees. This three-dimensional planting model not only makes full use of land resources, but also improves the stability and biodiversity of the ecosystem through ecological complementarity between different crops.

[0075] By setting up physical control measures such as insect nets and insect traps, and regularly inspecting the planting areas, pest and disease problems can be discovered and dealt with in a timely manner, effectively reducing the use of pesticides, protecting the ecological environment, and ensuring the healthy growth of crops and high-quality output.

[0076] In summary, this planting plan maximizes the use of land resources and increases crop yield and quality through soil improvement, fertilizer optimization, reasonable planting layout, effective pest and disease control, and accurate cost-benefit assessment, while protecting the ecological environment and providing strong support for the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0077] Embodiment three:

[0078] This design is specifically applied in the agricultural product market: With the continuous development of agricultural technology, the multi-level and efficient sericulture garden planting method, as an innovative agricultural planting model, has shown broad application prospects. This method maximizes the use of land resources through refined management and scientific planting technology, while improving the yield and quality of crops, injecting new vitality into the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0079] The multi-level and efficient sericulture garden planting method focuses on soil improvement and fertilizer optimization. By applying organic fertilizers such as compost and decomposed farmyard manure, and accurately supplementing inorganic fertilizers such as nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer according to soil test results, the soil fertility is effectively improved, providing sufficient nutrients for the growth of crops such as mulberry trees, tung oil trees, and gynostemma pentaphyllum. This not only helps the healthy growth of crops, but also improves the quality and market competitiveness of agricultural products.

[0080] Furthermore, a multi-level and efficient sericulture garden planting pilot project was carried out in an agricultural cooperative, covering an area of ​​1 mu, planting 600 mulberry trees, 35 trees of Castanopsis pubescens and Gynostemma pentaphyllum, aiming to improve economic benefits and reduce management costs.

[0081] 1. Planting layout and data

[0082] mulberry:

[0083] Quantity: 600 plants

[0084] Plant spacing: 2 meters

[0085] Row spacing: 0.6m

[0086] Tongzi:

[0087] Quantity: 35 plants

[0088] The fruit-bearing period begins in the fifth year, and the expected yield is 30 kilograms per plant (from the fifth to the seventh year).

[0089] 1. Jiaogulan

[0090] Specifications: 0.5m x 0.3m, densely planted between rows of mulberry trees, with an estimated yield of 3,500 jin per mu.

[0091] 2. Economic Benefit Analysis

[0092] Mulberry leaf income:

[0093] Fresh cocoon yield: 120kg / mu

[0094] Market price: 60 yuan / kg

[0095] Total income: 60 yuan / kg × 120kg = 7200 yuan

[0096] Cost Analysis:

[0097] Weeding and fertilization cost: 2,000 yuan / mu

[0098] Silkworm breeding cost: 28 yuan / kg

[0099] Total cost of silkworm rearing:

[0100] 28 yuan / kg×120kg=3360 yuan

[0101] Net income: 7200 yuan - 2000 yuan - 3360 yuan = 1840 yuan

[0102] Income from tung oil tree (5th to 7th year):

[0103] Yield: 30 catties / plant

[0104] Market price: 3.50 yuan / catties

[0105] Total income: 3.50 yuan / jin x 30 jin / plant x 35 plants = 3675 yuan

[0106] Picking fee: 1.00 yuan / catties

[0107] Total picking cost: 1.00 yuan / jin × 30 jin / plant × 35 plants = 1050 yuan

[0108] Net income: 3675 yuan - 1050 yuan = 2625 yuan

[0109] Jiaogulan income:

[0110] Yield per mu: 3500 jin

[0111] Market price: 1.5 yuan / catties

[0112] Total income: 1.5 yuan / catties x 3500 catties = 5250 yuan

[0113] Labor cost: 0.80 yuan / catties

[0114] Total labor cost: 0.80 yuan / catties × 3500 catties = 2800 yuan

[0115] Fertilization and other inputs: 600 yuan

[0116] Net income: 5250 yuan - 2800 yuan - 600 yuan = 2850 yuan

[0117] 3. Total net income of the three items

[0118] Net income from mulberry leaves: 1840 yuan / mu

[0119] Net income from hairy-leaved tung oil tree: 2,625 yuan / mu

[0120] Net income from Gynostemma pentaphyllum: 2850 yuan / mu

[0121] Total Net Income:

[0122] 1840 yuan + 2625 yuan + 2850 yuan = 7315 yuan per mu

[0123] 4. Benefit Comparison

[0124] Annual net income of traditional mulberry garden: 1840 yuan / mu

[0125] Multi-level high-efficiency sericulture garden annual net income: 7315 yuan / mu

[0126] Increase your income:

[0127] 7315 yuan - 1840 yuan = 5475 yuan

[0128] 5. Long-term expectations

[0129] After more than 10 years of implementation, as the hairy-leaved tung tree enters its peak production period, the net income per mu is expected to increase further to nearly 20,000 yuan, reflecting the sustainability and high economic benefits of multi-level and efficient planting.

[0130] As can be seen from the above, through the multi-level efficient sericulture garden planting, the economic benefits per unit area have been significantly improved, the management costs have been reduced, and the efficient use of resources has been achieved. This model is not only sustainable, but also provides farmers with a more stable source of income.

[0131] Embodiment 4:

[0132] Traditional mulberry leaf cultivation is calculated based on the peak production period: each acre of mulberry garden can produce 120kg of fresh cocoons for silkworms. The market price of fresh cocoons for reeling silk in the past four years is used as the basis for calculation, with an average price of 60 yuan / kg, then 60 yuan / kg×120kg / acre=7,200 yuan.

[0133] Weeding and fertilization cost an average of more than 2,000 yuan per mu;

[0134] The cost of raising silkworms is 28.00 yuan per kilogram of fresh cocoons, that is, 60 yuan - 28 yuan = 32 yuan, then 32 yuan / kg × 120kg / mu = 3840 yuan, minus 2000 yuan for weeding and fertilizing, the net income per mu of mulberry is 3840 yuan - 2000 yuan = 1840 yuan.

[0135] The per-acre income of "multi-level efficient sericulture garden planting" is:

[0136] 1. The total income from silkworm cocoons is 7,200 yuan. No more weeding is needed, and the average cost per mu is 800 yuan. Excluding the cost of fertilization and silkworm rearing, that is, 1,200 yuan is needed for fertilization, and the cost of silkworm rearing is: 28 yuan / kg × 120kg / mu = 3,360 yuan, and the net income is 7,200 yuan - 1,200 yuan - 3,360 yuan = 2,640 yuan / mu;

[0137] 2. In the first four years after planting, the tung tree is only maintained and does not produce fruit. However, there is no additional investment because it is planted between the rows of mulberry trees and can be managed at the same time as the mulberry trees.

[0138] From the fifth year when fruits begin to be produced to the seventh year, there is still no need for separate fertilization, water and management.

[0139] The eighth year marks the peak production period (more than 100 catties per plant).

[0140] Calculating the fruit yield from the fifth to the seventh year, 30 jin / plant, 3.50 yuan / jin, then: 3.50 yuan / jin × 30 / plant × 35 plants / mu = 3675 yuan / mu, excluding the picking fee of 1.00 yuan / jin, that is 1.00 yuan / jin × 30 jin / plant × 35 plants / mu = 105.00 yuan / mu.

[0141] Then: 3675 yuan / mu - 105.00 yuan / mu = 3570 yuan / mu;

[0142] 3. Gynostemma pentaphyllum income:

[0143] Planting Gynostemma pentaphyllum generates income in the same year. Under normal circumstances, the average yield of Gynostemma pentaphyllum per mu is 3,500 catties (cut three times). According to the market price, fresh Gynostemma pentaphyllum costs 1.5 yuan per catty, that is, 1.5 yuan per catty × 3,500 catties per mu = 5,250 yuan per mu. Harvesting labor costs: 0.80 yuan per catty, that is, 0.80 yuan per catty × 3,500 catties per mu = 2,880 yuan per mu. Fertilizers are applied three times, and the labor and fertilizer investment is 600 yuan.

[0144] The net income is: 5250 yuan - 2880 yuan - 600 yuan = 1770 yuan per mu.

[0145] 4. Total net income of the three items:

[0146] 2640 yuan + 3570 yuan + 1770 yuan = 7980 yuan per mu

[0147] It can be seen that this planting method has an annual net income of 7,980 yuan per mu, while the annual net income of single mulberry planting is 1,840 yuan per mu. Relatively speaking, it is 6,140 yuan more, which is more than 3.3 times that of single mulberry planting. If it lasts for more than 10 years, the net income per mu can reach nearly 20,000 yuan.

[0148] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0149] In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0150] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-level and efficient sericulture garden planting method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Clear the weeds on the ground, till the land, improve the soil, test the soil, and apply fertilizer; S2. After fertilization, a planting density and layout plan was formulated, and mulberry trees, tung oil trees and gynostemma pentaphyllum were planted in sequence, and water was applied immediately after planting to keep the soil moist; S3. After planting Gynostemma pentaphyllum, cover with mulch or plant ash and apply organic fertilizer regularly; S4. Use pest control, observe the growth status of plants, find and treat pests in time, use the covering properties of Gynostemma pentaphyllum to prevent weed growth, and if weeds appear, remove them manually in appropriate amounts; S5. Regularly pick mulberry leaves, hairy-leaved tung nuts and harvest Gynostemma pentaphyllum, and carry out grading and yield evaluation.

2. The multi-level high-efficiency sericulture garden planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizers include compost and well-rotted farmyard manure, and according to the soil test results, nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are supplemented.

3. The multi-level high-efficiency sericulture garden planting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: 600 to 650 mulberry trees and 35 to 40 hairy-leaved tung oil tree seedlings are planted per acre, and 35 to 40 Gynostemma pentaphyllum plants are planted between the rows of mulberry trees.

4. The multi-level high-efficiency sericulture garden planting method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The specifications of the mulberry tree are 2M×0.6M, the specifications of the Castanopsis pubescens seedlings are, and the specifications of the Gynostemma pentaphyllum are 0.5M×0.3M.

5. The multi-level high-efficiency sericulture garden planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil improvement further comprises adjusting the pH value of the soil, and the soil improvement reagent comprises sodium nitrate, calcium sulfate, calcium oxide and lime nitrogen.

6. The multi-level high-efficiency sericulture garden planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pest control measures include setting up insect nets, insect traps and regularly inspecting the planting area.

7. The multi-level high-efficiency sericulture garden planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation expression for the planting density is: Where D: planting density, plants / mu; N: number of plants planted per acre; A: Area, mu.

8. The multi-level high-efficiency sericulture garden planting method according to claim 1 is characterized by: The expression of the benefit evaluation is: C=FC+VC E=RC Where C: total cost FC: fixed costs, including land rent and equipment costs; VC: variable costs, including fertilizer and labor costs; E: Economic benefits; R: Total revenue.

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