Pond partitioned main culture method for northern bighead carp fry

Abstract

The invention provides a northern bighead carp fry pond partition main culture method, and relates to the technical field of culture. Comprising the following steps: performing fry putting pretreatment on a pond; putting crucian fry into the treated pond, arranging a first air-conveying bait casting machine, and feeding crucian feed to the crucian fry; when the crucian fry are cultured to the specified specification, a second air-conveying bait casting machine is arranged at the position away from the first air-conveying bait casting machine by a first specified distance, and an annular floating ring is arranged on the peripheral side of the second air-conveying bait casting machine; wherein the annular floating ring takes the second pneumatic feeding machine as a circle center and takes a second specified distance as a radius; bighead carp fries are put into the annular floating ring, and bighead carp feed is fed to the bighead carp fries; in the subsequent breeding period, the first air-conveying bait casting machine and the second air-conveying bait casting machine are started in sequence for feeding in each time of feeding, and the feeding frequency is adjusted according to a conventional feeding rule. Different specifications of bighead carp fries can be fed in different areas, and the advantages of being good in water quality regulation and control, high in growth speed and the like are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of breeding, and in particular to a method for zoning and breeding northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in a pond. Background Art

[0002] Bighead carp, also known as silver carp, is an important freshwater fish of the Cyprinidae family in my country. It lives in various water systems and lakes. Silver carp mainly feeds on zooplankton and protozoa such as rotifers, cladocerans, copepods (such as sword water fleas), and also feeds on some phytoplankton (such as diatoms and cyanobacteria). It prefers to eat artificial micro-granular compound feed. It is suitable for breeding in fertile water. It is a large fish that can weigh up to 30 to 40 kilograms in natural rivers. Silver carp generally lives in the middle and upper layers of the water. In spring, summer and autumn, silver carp spends most of its time swimming in the middle and upper layers of the water to feed, and in winter it dives to deep water to hibernate. It is a typical filter-feeding fish. It relies on the special structure of its gills to filter out plankton in the water.

[0003] Crucian carp is an omnivorous fish with a wide range of diet, strong adaptability, strong reproductive capacity, strong disease resistance, fast growth, low water temperature requirements, easy to breed, and is an important farmed fish in my country. Crucian carp's living level is a bottom fish, swimming, foraging, and living underwater.

[0004] In the prior art, bighead carp and crucian carp are generally cultured in the same pond, and bighead carp and crucian carp are fed by the same feeding machine. The same feeding machine can only feed feeds of the same particle size, while different types of seedlings need to be fed feeds of different particle sizes, otherwise it will lead to competition, insufficient feeding of seedlings, slow growth, large feed waste and other problems. The prior art also considers the intercropping or mixed breeding mode between different fishes and develops corresponding compound feeds, but it is impossible to adjust the corresponding feeds according to the living habits or eating habits of different fishes. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for zoning and breeding bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in northern China, which can feed bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings of different specifications in different zones, has the advantages of good water quality control and fast growth rate, can effectively promote fish growth, improve breeding efficiency, and ensure the healthy growth of farmed fish.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] A method for culturing northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in a zoning pond comprises the following steps:

[0008] Treat the pond before stocking with seedlings;

[0009] Putting crucian carp seedlings into the treated pond, and setting a first air-conveying feeding machine to feed crucian carp feed to the crucian carp seedlings through the first air-conveying feeding machine;

[0010] When the crucian carp seedlings are cultured to a specified specification, a second pneumatic feeding machine is arranged at a first specified distance from the first pneumatic feeding machine, and an annular floating ring is arranged around the second pneumatic feeding machine; wherein the annular floating ring takes the second pneumatic feeding machine as the center and the second specified distance as the radius;

[0011] Putting bighead carp fry in the annular floating ring, and feeding bighead carp feed to the bighead carp fry through the second air-feeding feeding machine;

[0012] In the subsequent breeding cycle, each time feeding, the first air-conveying feeding machine and the second air-conveying feeding machine are respectively started to feed the feed, and the feeding frequency is adjusted according to the normal feeding pattern.

[0013] Furthermore, in the present invention, the step of treating the pond before stocking the seedlings comprises:

[0014] The pond is disinfected and filled with clean water to a depth of 70 cm to 90 cm;

[0015] Microecological preparations are used to regulate the water quality in the pond.

[0016] Further, in the present invention, the type of the crucian carp seedlings is the heterogeneous silver crucian carp "Zhongke No. 3", the release specification of the crucian carp seedlings is summer flowers, and the release amount of the crucian carp seedlings is 10,000-15,000 tails / mu;

[0017] The type of the bighead carp fry is two-year-old silver carp, the release specification of the bighead carp fry is 15-25g / tail, and the release amount of the bighead carp fry is 3000-4000 tails / mu.

[0018] Furthermore, in the present invention, the designated specification is 5-6 grams per tail, the first designated distance is 15m-20m, and the second designated distance is 5m-10m.

[0019] Furthermore, in the present invention, the step of feeding the crucian carp feed to the crucian carp fry by the first air-assisted feeding machine comprises:

[0020] The first pneumatic feeding machine is loaded with crushed material for carp / crucian carp and started to feed, wherein the particle size of the crushed material for carp / crucian carp is less than 1.5 mm.

[0021] Furthermore, in the present invention, the step of starting the first air-conveying feeder and the second air-conveying feeder to feed the feed in turn each time during the subsequent breeding cycle comprises:

[0022] First, the first air-feeding feeding machine is started to feed carp / crucian carp special feed with a particle size of 1.5 mm for 30 minutes to 40 minutes;

[0023] After an interval of 3-5 minutes, the second air-conveying feeding machine is started to feed bighead carp powder into the annular floating circle for 30-40 minutes.

[0024] Furthermore, in the present invention, the conventional feeding rules include breeding cycles, fish feeding conditions, and weather changes.

[0025] Furthermore, the present invention further comprises the steps of:

[0026] An oxygenation facility is arranged in the pond, and a preparation is sprayed to adjust the water quality according to changes in the water quality conditions of the pond.

[0027] Furthermore, in the present invention, the step of spraying the preparation to adjust the water quality according to the change of the water quality condition of the pond comprises:

[0028] In the early and middle stages of aquaculture, 3ppm-5ppm of quicklime is sprayed throughout the pond every 15-20 days. At the same time, when the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite levels in the water increase, microecological preparations and algae preparations are sprayed to regulate the water quality.

[0029] Furthermore, the present invention further comprises the steps of:

[0030] In the later stage of breeding, Chinese medicinal preparations are sprayed into the pond to protect the liver, kill bacteria and clear inflammation for the crucian carp fry and the bighead carp fry.

[0031] The present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0032] The invention first releases crucian carp seedlings, arranges a first pneumatic feeding machine to feed crucian carp feed to the crucian carp seedlings, and when the crucian carp seedlings are cultured to a certain specification, arranges an annular floating ring to release bighead carp seedlings, and arranges a second pneumatic feeding machine to feed bighead carp feed to the bighead carp seedlings, so that the crucian carp is domesticated first, and when the bighead carp seedlings are gradually grown up and eat granular feed, the bighead carp seedlings will not compete with the crucian carp seedlings for food, thereby realizing the zoned feeding of crucian carp seedlings and bighead carp seedlings; each time the feeding is performed, the first pneumatic feeding machine and the second pneumatic feeding machine are started in sequence to feed different types and specifications of the crucian carp seedlings Targeted feeding is carried out for bighead carp and crucian carp fry so that the feed can be fully ingested by fish; at the same time, due to zoned feeding, the density of fish feeding clusters is relatively low, the dissolved oxygen content in the feeding area (feeding area) is high, the fish digestibility is high, the bait utilization rate is high, the bait coefficient is reduced, and the fish growth is effectively promoted; since the bait is fully utilized, there is less residual bait, the bait is well digested and absorbed in the fish body, and the feces is relatively less, the combined impact of the two on the aquaculture water is reduced, the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite content is reduced, which is conducive to better regulation of the aquaculture water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of the steps of a method for zoning and cultivating northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in a seed pond provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0036] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example

[0038] Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for arranging northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in a pond according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] This embodiment provides a method for culturing northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in a zoning pond, comprising the following steps:

[0040] S110, treating the pond before stocking the seedlings;

[0041] S120, placing crucian carp seedlings into the treated pond, and setting a first air-feeding feeding machine to feed crucian carp feed to the crucian carp seedlings through the first air-feeding feeding machine;

[0042] S130, when the crucian carp seedlings are cultured to a specified specification, a second pneumatic feeding machine is arranged at a first specified distance from the first pneumatic feeding machine, and an annular floating ring is arranged around the second pneumatic feeding machine; wherein the annular floating ring takes the second pneumatic feeding machine as a center and the second specified distance as a radius;

[0043] S140, placing bighead carp fry in the annular floating ring, and feeding bighead carp feed to the bighead carp fry through a second air-supplied feeding machine;

[0044] S150. In the subsequent breeding cycle, each time feeding, the first air-conveying feeding machine and the second air-conveying feeding machine are respectively started to feed the feed, and the feeding frequency is adjusted according to the normal feeding pattern.

[0045] Next, a method for arranging northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in a pond according to this exemplary embodiment will be further described.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the above step S110, pre-treatment of the pond for seedling release, i.e., preparatory work before seedling release, provides a better pond environment for fish species, specifically including: disinfecting the pond, and filling the pond with clean water to a depth of 70cm-90cm; using microecological agents to adjust the water quality in the pond. Preferably, the pond is selected to be 10-15 mu.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, in step S120, crucian carp seedlings are placed into the treated pond, and a first pneumatic feeding machine is provided to feed crucian carp feed to the crucian carp seedlings through the first pneumatic feeding machine. The type of the crucian carp seedlings is the hybrid silver crucian carp "Zhongke No. 3", the release specification of the crucian carp seedlings is summer flowers, and the release amount of the crucian carp seedlings is 10,000-15,000 per mu.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the summer flowers of heterotrophic silver crucian carp "Zhongke No. 3" are released, and the first pneumatic feeding machine is loaded with special crushed material for carp / crucian carp and started for feeding, wherein the special crushed material for carp / crucian carp is crushed material with a particle size of 1 mm.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, in the above step S130, when the crucian carp seedlings are cultured to the specified specifications, a second pneumatic feeding machine is set at a first specified distance from the first pneumatic feeding machine, and an annular floating ring is set around the second pneumatic feeding machine; wherein the annular floating ring takes the second pneumatic feeding machine as the center and the second specified distance as the radius. The above specified specifications are 5-6 grams / fish, the first specified distance is 15m-20m, and the second specified distance is 5m-10m.

[0050] In a specific embodiment, when the summer flowers of the heterogeneous silver crucian carp "Zhongke No. 3" are cultivated to 5-6 grams per tail, a second pneumatic feeding machine is set 15m-20m away from the first pneumatic feeding machine. The second pneumatic feeding machine is a powder feeding machine. An annular floating ring is set with the second pneumatic feeding machine as the center and a radius of 5m-10m. The above-mentioned annular floating ring is used to release bighead carp fry and feed bighead carp special powder.

[0051] At the same time, when the summer flowers of the heterogeneous silver crucian carp "Zhongke No. 3" are cultivated to a specification of 5-6 grams per tail, the special feed for carp / crucian carp with a particle size of 1.5mm is loaded and fed. According to the above feeding rules, the special crushed material for carp / crucian carp and the feed with a particle size of 1.5mm are fed in sequence, that is, the small-particle feed is fed first, and then the large-particle feed is fed. This feeding method is in line with the growth law of fry. Among them, it should be noted that the protein content of the two feeds for carp and crucian carp is relatively small, so they can be used interchangeably.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, in the above step S140, bighead carp fry is placed in the annular floating ring, and bighead carp feed is fed to the bighead carp fry by the second air-assisted feeding machine. The bighead carp fry is a two-year-old silver carp, the bighead carp fry is placed at a specification of 15-25g / tail, and the amount of bighead carp fry placed is 3000-4000 tails / mu.

[0053] It should be noted that, in general, two-year-old silver carp can filter plankton in the water, and can also eat powder. In domestication, we first domesticate crucian carp, and then domesticate two-year-old silver carp, mainly crucian carp summer flower small, can also eat plankton and powder, if the two-year-old silver carp is domesticated first, crucian carp and silver carp will be mixed together to eat, resulting in poor zoning feeding. The present embodiment is by first putting crucian carp, and then putting two-year-old silver carp in the zoning after crucian carp grows to a certain specification, specifically in May and June, that is, first domesticating crucian carp, so that it gradually grows up to be able to eat pellet feed, two-year-old silver carp (pellet feed is not palatable) will not compete with it for food, so that the two can be better fed in the zoning.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present application, in the above step S150, during the subsequent breeding cycle, the first air-assisted feeding machine and the second air-assisted feeding machine are respectively started to feed the feed each time, and the feeding frequency is adjusted according to the normal feeding pattern.

[0055] In a specific embodiment, the first pneumatic feeding machine is first started to feed carp / crucian carp special feed with a particle size of 1.5 mm, the feeding time is 30min-40min, and the feeding is done every 5s-10s; after an interval of 3min-5min, the second pneumatic feeding machine is started to feed bighead carp powder into the annular floating circle, the feeding time is 30min-40min, and the feeding is done every 5s-10s.

[0056] In the subsequent breeding cycle, two air-conveying feeders are used to feed the hybrid silver crucian carp "Zhongke No. 3" summer flower and two-year-old small flower silver carp successively. Different particle sizes of feed can be fed in a targeted manner, and different particle sizes of feed can be fed to fish of different specifications, so that the feed can be fully ingested by fish and less waste; at the same time, due to the different particle sizes of the feed consumed by summer flower and two-year-old small flower silver carp, there is less competition, sufficient feeding, fast growth, high feed utilization rate, and low feed coefficient, which can better realize zone feeding. At the same time, due to zone feeding, the density of fish feeding clusters is relatively low, the dissolved oxygen content in the feeding area (feeding area) is high, the fish digestibility is high, the feed utilization rate is high, and the feed coefficient is reduced, which can effectively promote fish growth. At the same time, due to the full utilization of bait, less residual bait, good digestion and absorption of bait in the fish body, and relatively less feces, the combined impact of the two on the breeding water body is reduced; the content of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite is reduced.

[0057] It should be noted that the above-mentioned regular feeding rules include the breeding cycle, fish feeding conditions, weather changes (feeding on sunny days, reducing feeding on cloudy days, not feeding on rainy days, etc.).

[0058] In a specific embodiment, the fish are fed three times a day in the early stage of breeding from early June to mid-July, once at 9:00 a.m. (about 30-40 min), and once at 13:00 p.m. and 17:30 p.m. (about 30-40 min each time); in the middle stage of breeding from mid-to-late July to mid-September, the fish are fed at 6:00 a.m., 11:00 a.m., 13:00 p.m. and 18:00 p.m., a total of 4 times; in the late stage of breeding from mid-to-late September, the number of feedings is reduced, gradually changed to 9:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m., and gradually adjusted according to the water temperature (changed to 2 times at 15-17°C) and the feeding situation of the fish.

[0059] In some embodiments of the present application, step S160 is also included, wherein an oxygenation facility is installed in the pond, and an agent is sprayed to adjust the water quality according to changes in the water quality conditions of the pond.

[0060] As a preferred implementation, the above-mentioned oxygenation facility specifically adopts a combination of micropore oxygenation at the bottom of the pool and upper layer aerator oxygenation. During the high temperature period (mid-to-late July to mid-September), the aerator needs to be turned on while the micropore oxygenation is carried out from 13:00 to 16:00 on sunny days, and the aerator needs to be turned on while the micropore oxygenation is carried out from 1:00 to 4:00 in the morning. The micropore oxygenation is not turned on on rainy days.

[0061] As a preferred implementation method, the above-mentioned spraying of preparations to adjust water quality according to changes in pond water quality conditions is specifically as follows: in the early and middle stages of breeding, 3ppm-5ppm of quicklime is sprayed throughout the pond every 15-20 days. At the same time, when the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the water quality increase (ammonia nitrogen 2-3mg / L, nitrite ≧0.02mg / ), microecological preparations and algae preparations are sprayed to adjust the water quality.

[0062] Through treatment methods such as oxygenation with aerators, disinfection with quicklime, reduction of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite with microecological preparations, and spraying of algae and fungi preparations (cultivation of good algae), the content of harmful substances in the water such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite can be further reduced, which is conducive to better regulation of aquaculture water.

[0063] In some embodiments of the present application, step S170 is also included, in which a Chinese medicine preparation is sprayed into the pond in the late stage of breeding to protect the liver, kill bacteria and clear inflammation for crucian carp fry and bighead carp fry, and ensure the healthy growth of the breeding objects. It should also be noted that the management of the rest of the breeding period is carried out according to the conventional breeding mode, and the feeding of feed is completed at the end of September or early October, and the farmed fish are sold or wintered.

[0064] The following table compares the results of zone feeding and traditional feeding in this embodiment:

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] It can be seen from the above table that after zoned feeding, the feed coefficient of this application is lower, the survival rate is higher, and larger and higher quality fish can be harvested.

[0068] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for culturing northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in a pond by dividing into different zones, characterized in that: The steps include: Treat the pond before stocking with seedlings; Putting crucian carp seedlings into the treated pond, and setting a first air-conveying feeding machine to feed crucian carp feed to the crucian carp seedlings through the first air-conveying feeding machine; When the crucian carp seedlings are cultured to a specified specification, a second pneumatic feeding machine is arranged at a first specified distance from the first pneumatic feeding machine, and an annular floating ring is arranged around the second pneumatic feeding machine; wherein the annular floating ring takes the second pneumatic feeding machine as the center and the second specified distance as the radius; Putting bighead carp fry in the annular floating ring, and feeding bighead carp feed to the bighead carp fry through the second air-feeding feeding machine; In the subsequent breeding cycle, each time feeding, the first air-conveying feeding machine and the second air-conveying feeding machine are respectively started to feed the feed, and the feeding frequency is adjusted according to the normal feeding pattern.

2. The method for cultivating northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in ponds by different zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of treating the pond before stocking the seedlings comprises: The pond is disinfected and filled with clean water to a depth of 70 cm to 90 cm; Microecological preparations are used to regulate the water quality in the pond.

3. The method for cultivating northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in ponds by different zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The type of the crucian carp seedlings is the hybrid silver crucian carp "Zhongke No. 3", the release specification of the crucian carp seedlings is summer flowers, and the release amount of the crucian carp seedlings is 10,000-15,000 per mu; The type of the bighead carp fry is two-year-old silver carp, the release specification of the bighead carp fry is 15-25g / tail, and the release amount of the bighead carp fry is 3000-4000 tails / mu.

4. The method for cultivating northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in ponds by different zones according to claim 3, characterized in that: The designated specification is 5-6 grams per tail, the first designated distance is 15m-20m, and the second designated distance is 5m-10m.

5. The method for cultivating northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in ponds by different zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of feeding the crucian carp feed to the crucian carp fry by the first air-feeding feeding machine comprises: The first pneumatic feeding machine is loaded with carp / crucian carp special crushed material and started to feed.

6. The method for cultivating northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in ponds by dividing into zones according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The step of starting the first air-conveying feeding machine and the second air-conveying feeding machine to feed feed each time during the subsequent breeding cycle comprises: First, the first air-feeding feeding machine is started to feed carp / crucian carp special feed with a particle size of 1.5 mm for 30 minutes to 40 minutes; After an interval of 3-5 minutes, the second air-conveying feeding machine is started to feed bighead carp powder into the annular floating circle for 30-40 minutes.

7. The method for cultivating northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in ponds by different zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conventional feeding rules include breeding cycle, fish feeding conditions, and weather changes.

8. The method for cultivating northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in ponds by different zones according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes the steps: An oxygenation facility is arranged in the pond, and a preparation is sprayed to adjust the water quality according to changes in the water quality conditions of the pond.

9. The method for cultivating northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in ponds by different zones according to claim 8, characterized in that: The step of spraying the preparation to adjust the water quality according to the change of the water quality condition of the pond comprises: In the early and middle stages of aquaculture, 3ppm-5ppm of quicklime is sprayed throughout the pond every 15-20 days. At the same time, when the ammonia nitrogen and nitrite levels in the water increase, microecological preparations and algae preparations are sprayed to regulate the water quality.

10. The method for cultivating northern bighead carp and crucian carp seedlings in ponds by dividing into zones according to claim 1 or 9, characterized in that: Also includes the steps: In the later stage of breeding, Chinese medicinal preparations are sprayed into the pond to protect the liver, kill bacteria and clear inflammation for the crucian carp fry and the bighead carp fry.

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