White-rot fungus / juncus effuses composite antibacterial adsorbent and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a white-rot fungus / juncus effuses composite antibacterial adsorbent and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of biological adsorption materials. The composite antibacterial adsorbent is used for removing pollutants in a water body and resisting bacteria of the water body, and comprises junci medulla; the white-rot fungus mycelia grow on the surface and the interior of the juncus effuses. Lignin in juncus effuses is used as a carbon source of the white-rot fungi, and the lignin can be converted into a low-molecular-weight polyphenol compound with antibacterial activity. Meanwhile, the white-rot fungi carry abundant functional groups, so that pollutants in a water body environment are more easily captured. A large number of white-rot fungus mycelia are uniformly attached to the surface and the interior of the junci medulla through fermentation of the white-rot fungi, so that the specific surface area of the junci medulla can be remarkably increased, the content of polyphenol compounds can be remarkably increased, an efficient antibacterial adsorbent is synthesized, pollutants in a water body are removed, and meanwhile, the water body quality is improved. And harmful bacteria in the water body can be killed and inhibited.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biological adsorption materials, and in particular to a white rot fungus / junctus effusus composite antibacterial adsorbent and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The textile industry, metal processing, mining and other industries have caused serious water pollution, resulting in a large amount of synthetic dyes and metal ions in the water. These wastewaters will cause the deterioration of water and soil and damage the entire ecological environment. Among them, the dye wastewater is large in volume, dark in color and toxic. Metal ions contact with human skin or are drunk by humans, which can cause allergies, diseases, and even cancer. Water pollution has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0003] Adsorption is considered to be one of the most economical and effective methods for removing pollutants from water due to its simple operation, low cost and no by-products. Water pollution also promotes the growth of bacteria, leading to an increase in various infectious diseases. Since water may contain a variety of pollutants, including metal ions, dyes, organic matter, microorganisms, etc., it is necessary to develop new multifunctional water purification materials that can not only remove heavy metal ions and dyes from water, but also kill and inhibit harmful bacteria such as bacteria in water. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a white rot fungus / junctivum composite antibacterial adsorbent and a preparation method thereof, in order to solve the following technical problem: how to kill and inhibit harmful bacteria in water while removing pollutants in water.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent, which is used to remove pollutants in water and to sterilize water. The composite antibacterial adsorbent comprises:

[0006] rush; and

[0007] White rot fungus mycelium, wherein the white rot fungus mycelium grows on the surface and inside of the rush.

[0008] Optionally, the mass of the white rot fungus mycelium is 10% to 30% of the mass of the Juncus effusus.

[0009] Optionally, the diameter of the white rot fungus mycelium is 1 μm to 10 μm.

[0010] Optionally, the composite antibacterial adsorbent is effective for methylene blue, Zn 2+ Cu 2+ The removal rates were all ≥85%.

[0011] Optionally, the polyphenol content of the composite antimicrobial adsorbent is ≥90 mg GAE / g.

[0012] Optionally, the antibacterial rate of the composite antibacterial adsorbent against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is 92.6% to 99.7%.

[0013] In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing the composite antimicrobial adsorbent according to any one embodiment of the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0014] The white rot fungus is inoculated into a liquid culture medium containing rush and then cultured to form the composite antibacterial adsorbent.

[0015] Optionally, the liquid culture medium is potato dextrose broth, and the formula of the potato dextrose broth is: potato extract: 4.0 g / L, glucose: 20 g / L, and the balance is water.

[0016] Optionally, the culture temperature is 28° C., and the culture time is 7 to 15 days.

[0017] Optionally, the viable count of the white rot fungus is 10 5 conidia / mL~10 6 conidia / mL.

[0018] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0019] The present application provides a white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent, which is used to remove pollutants in water bodies and is used for antibacterial treatment of water bodies. The composite antibacterial adsorbent includes: rush; and white rot fungus mycelium, which grows on the surface and inside of the rush. White rot fungi use lignin in rush as its carbon source, and can convert high molecular weight lignin into low molecular weight polyphenol compounds with antibacterial activity. At the same time, white rot fungi carry abundant functional groups (carboxyl, amino, amide, sulfate, phosphoryl, etc.), making pollutants in the water environment easier to be captured. By fermenting white rot fungi so that a large amount of white rot fungus mycelium is evenly attached to the surface and inside of rush, not only the specific surface area of ​​rush can be significantly increased, but also the content of polyphenol compounds can be significantly increased, thereby synthesizing an efficient antibacterial adsorbent. In addition, while removing pollutants in the water body, harmful bacteria in the water body can be killed and inhibited. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 Electron microscope images of Juncus effusus (A), white rot fungus (B), and white rot fungus / Juncus effusus composite antibacterial adsorbent (C) provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 A physical picture of the white rot fungus / juncus effusus composite antibacterial adsorbent provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effects of the blank control group (A), white rot fungus (B), rush (C), and white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent (D) on Escherichia coli (E.coli, ATCC 25922) provided in Example 1 of the present application;

[0025] Figure 4 The antibacterial effect diagram of the blank control group (A), white rot fungus (B), rush (C) and white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent (D) provided in Example 1 of the present application on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus, ATCC 25923);

[0026] Figure 5 A comparison chart of the total content of polyphenol compounds in the adsorbents provided in Examples 1 to 3 of the present application and Comparative Examples 1 to 2;

[0027] Figure 6 This is an environmental toxicity evaluation diagram of the adsorbent provided in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0029] Various embodiments of the present application may be presented in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a rigid limitation on the scope of the present application; therefore, the range description should be considered to have specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single numerical values ​​within the range. For example, the range description from 1 to 6 should be considered to have specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which apply regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated herein, it is meant to include any cited number (fractional or integer) within the indicated range.

[0030] In addition, in the description of the specification of the present application, the terms "including", "comprising", etc. mean "including but not limited to". In this article, relational terms such as "first" and "second", etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In this article, "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. Wherein A and B can be singular or plural. In this article, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one", "the following at least one item (items)" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items (items) or plural items (items). For example, "at least one of a, b, or c", or "at least one of a, b and c", can both mean: a, b, c, ab (i.e. a and b), ac, bc or abc, where a, b, c can be single or plural, respectively.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in this application can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0032] The creative ideas of the present invention are:

[0033] Juncus effusus L. is a plant of the genus Juncus of the family Juncus. It is also known as rush, water rush, rush and tiger whisker grass. It is widely distributed all over the world. In my country, it is mainly produced in southern regions such as Jiangsu, Yunnan, Sichuan, and Guizhou. As a traditional Chinese medicine, rush has a long history of medical use. Rush is used as medicine with its dried stems or whole plants. It tastes sweet and is slightly cold in nature. It enters the heart, lung, and small intestine meridians. It has the effects of clearing heart fire and promoting urination. It is used to treat restlessness, insomnia, oliguria, painful urine, and mouth sores. Studies have shown that rush contains 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene, phenanthrene, glycerides, flavonoids, tri-mushrooms, steroids and micro-star elements and other chemical components, which show certain activity in sedation, anti-anxiety, anti-oxidation, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory. It is clinically used as a single prescription or combination for the treatment of various inflammations, herpes zoster, hyperthyroidism, gastrointestinal symptoms, insomnia and mouth sores. The compound preparations made of rush as raw material, such as sleeping capsules, have a large market demand. Rush is rich in resources, cheap and easy to obtain. In addition, its rich chemical components and wide range of pharmacological activities make it have great development and application value and broad market prospects.

[0034] As a unique filamentous fungus, the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor has shown great potential in the fields of biodegradation and environmental remediation. White-rot fungi are well known for their ability to effectively decompose lignin, which is one of the main components of plant cell walls. It has a complex chemical structure and high stability, and is therefore difficult to be degraded by most organisms in nature. However, white-rot fungi can decompose lignin into smaller molecular fragments through their unique enzyme systems, such as peroxidase and laccase, and then convert them into a variety of biologically active substances. Among them, the low-molecular-weight polyphenol compounds generated by white-rot fungi from lignin conversion are particularly noteworthy. These compounds not only have a wide range of antibacterial activities, but can also be used as natural antioxidants, drug precursors or functional food additives, showing broad application prospects in many fields such as medicine, food, and cosmetics. In addition, the rich functional groups (such as carboxyl, amino, amide, sulfate, phosphoryl, etc.) carried by white-rot fungi themselves provide them with strong adsorption and conversion capabilities in water environmental remediation. These functional groups can chemically react or physically adsorb with pollutants in the water (such as heavy metal ions, organic pollutants, etc.), thereby effectively removing or reducing the concentration of pollutants in the water and improving water quality. At the same time, white rot fungi can degrade some of the lignin and hemicellulose components in rush, which helps to expose more cellulose fibers and increase its specific surface area. The increase in specific surface area means that there are more active sites on the surface of the material, which can interact with more substances, including the target pollutants of the adsorbent. Therefore, rush fermented with white rot fungi can more effectively adsorb and remove harmful substances in water when used as an adsorbent.

[0035] Based on this, the present invention co-cultivates rush and white rot fungus so that a large amount of white rot fungus mycelium is evenly attached to the surface and inside of the rush, which can not only significantly increase the specific surface area of ​​the rush, but also significantly increase the content of polyphenol compounds, thereby synthesizing a highly efficient antibacterial adsorbent.

[0036] The present application provides a white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent, which is used to remove pollutants in water and to prevent bacteria in water. The composite antibacterial adsorbent includes:

[0037] Juncus effusus; and white rot fungus mycelium, wherein the white rot fungus mycelium grows on the surface and inside of the Juncus effusus.

[0038] As a matrix material, rush has a natural pore structure and a high specific surface area, which provides a good basis for the adsorption of pollutants. Rush is also rich in organic components such as cellulose, which provides nutrition and environment for the growth of white rot fungi. At the same time, rush has a natural mesh structure inside, which provides an ideal place for the attachment and growth of white rot fungi. The pores of the mesh structure, the connecting lines between layers, and the edge lines of the triangles in each layer are all areas where white rot fungi are easy to attach and reproduce. When white rot fungi are introduced into rush, they will attach in large numbers along the surface of the rush, the connecting lines between internal layers, and the edge lines of the triangles in each layer, and begin to grow. After a period of growth and filling, the white rot fungi will fill the interior of the rush and interweave with the mesh structure of the rush itself. The growth of mycelium not only increases the surface area and porosity of the rush, but also promotes the synthesis of bioactive substances such as polyphenols, thereby improving the adsorption performance and antibacterial properties of the material. In addition, this interweaving effect not only enhances the overall strength of the composite material, but also gives it a unique structure and performance. Finally, the present invention obtains a special structure composite net formed by interweaving the plant support (Juncus effusus) and the white rot fungus.

[0039] In some embodiments, the mass of the white rot fungus mycelium is 10% to 30% of the mass of the Juncus effusus.

[0040] The mass of the white rot fungus mycelium is limited to 10% to 30% of the mass of the rush, and the moderate mycelium content can maintain the structural stability of the composite material. The interweaving of mycelium and rush helps to form a stable network structure and improve the overall strength and durability of the material. However, too much mycelium causes the material structure to be too dense, affecting the permeability and adsorption efficiency. At the same time, rush and white rot fungus each have unique advantages. Rush has a natural mesh structure and good biological affinity, while white rot fungi have strong biotransformation ability and antibacterial properties. By reasonably controlling the content of mycelium, the advantages of both can be fully utilized to achieve functional complementarity and optimization. Exemplarily, the mass of the white rot fungus mycelium is 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, etc. of the mass of rush.

[0041] In some embodiments, the diameter of the white rot fungus mycelium is 1 μm to 10 μm.

[0042] The diameter of the mycelium not only affects its surface area and adsorption capacity, but also affects its growth pattern and distribution inside the rush. Smaller mycelium is more likely to penetrate into the tiny pores of the rush, while larger mycelium tends to grow in a larger space and form a more obvious network structure. Exemplarily, the diameter of the white rot fungus mycelium can be 1 μm, 2 μm, 3 μm, 5 μm, 7 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, etc.

[0043] In some embodiments, the composite antimicrobial adsorbent is effective for methylene blue, Zn 2+ Cu 2+ The removal rates were ≥85%.

[0044] In some embodiments, the polyphenol content of the composite antimicrobial adsorbent is ≥90 mg GAE / g.

[0045] In some embodiments, the antibacterial rate of the composite antimicrobial adsorbent against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is 92.6% to 99.7%.

[0046] The composite antibacterial adsorbent utilizes the pore structure of rush and the adsorption effect of white rot fungus mycelium to effectively adsorb and remove pollutants such as organic matter and heavy metal ions in water. This synergistic effect enables the adsorbent to have a wider range of pollutant removal capabilities. At the same time, the polyphenols and other bioactive substances produced by the white rot fungus mycelium during its growth process give the composite antibacterial adsorbent excellent antibacterial properties. These substances can destroy the cell wall and cell membrane of bacteria, inhibit the growth and reproduction of bacteria, and thus keep the water clean and hygienic.

[0047] Based on a general inventive concept, the present application also provides a method for preparing the composite antibacterial adsorbent described in any one of the above embodiments, the method comprising:

[0048] The white rot fungus is inoculated into a liquid culture medium containing rush and then cultured to form the composite antibacterial adsorbent.

[0049] In some embodiments, the liquid culture medium is potato dextrose broth, and the formula of the potato dextrose broth is: potato extract: 4.0 g / L, glucose: 20 g / L, and the balance is water.

[0050] Potato dextrose broth medium is rich in carbon and nitrogen sources, which is suitable for the growth and metabolism of white rot fungi.

[0051] In some embodiments, the culture temperature is 28° C., and the culture time is 7 to 15 days.

[0052] In some embodiments, the viable count of the white rot fungus is 10 5 conidia / mL~10 6 conidia / mL.

[0053] The number of live white rot fungi is limited to 10 5 conidia / mL~10 6 conidia / mL, thereby helping to ensure the rapid growth and reproduction of white rot fungi in the culture medium. Exemplary, the viable count of white rot fungi can be 10 5 conidia / mL, 2×10 5 conidia / mL, 3×10 5 conidia / mL, 4×10 5 conidia / mL, 5×10 5 conidia / mL, 7×10 5 conidia / mL, 9×10 5 conidia / mL, 10 6 conidia / mL, etc.

[0054] The product prepared by the preparation method of the composite antibacterial adsorbent is the above-mentioned composite antibacterial adsorbent. The chemical composition and structure of the composite antibacterial adsorbent prepared by the preparation method of the composite antibacterial adsorbent can refer to the above-mentioned embodiment. Since the preparation method of the composite antibacterial adsorbent adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the composite antibacterial adsorbent embodiment, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the composite antibacterial adsorbent embodiment, which will not be described one by one here.

[0055] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are intended only to illustrate the present application and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. The experimental methods for which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are usually measured according to industry standards. If there is no corresponding industry standard, then the conditions recommended by the manufacturer are followed.

[0056] Example 1

[0057] This embodiment provides a composite antibacterial adsorbent, and the preparation method thereof may specifically include the following steps:

[0058] S1. Cut the rushes to 10cm to 15cm;

[0059] S2, sterilize 5 ml of potato glucose broth (formula: potato extract 4.0 g / L, glucose 20 g / L) together with rush;

[0060] S3. Preparation of white rot mycelium: Pour 100 mL of liquid potato dextrose broth into a 250 mL conical flask and sterilize at 120°C for 20 min. Then use a sterile punch with a radius of 0.5 cm to inoculate the white rot fungus into the liquid culture medium in the clean bench, and punch three fungus cakes into each conical flask. Place the inoculated conical flask at a temperature of 28°C and a rotation speed of 160 r / min in a dark and shaking culture for 10 days to obtain white rot mycelium balls;

[0061] S4, inoculate the white rot fungus balls (the number of live white rot fungi is 10) at a ratio of 1:10 between the mass of the white rot fungus balls and the mass of the rush. 5 conidia / mL) onto the surface of rush, and statically cultured at 28°C for 7 days to obtain a white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent, the mass of the white rot fungus mycelium was 15±5% of the mass of the rush, and the polyphenol content was 107.7±2.3 mg GAE / g.

[0062] Figure 1 Electron microscope images of rush (A), white rot fungus (B) and white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent (C) provided in Example 1 of the present application. Figure 1 It can be seen that the interior of natural rush shows a typical three-dimensional hierarchical porous structure, containing a large number of micron-sized triangular channels. White rot fungi grow densely, crisscrossing into a network, interspersed on the surface and pores of rush.

[0063] Figure 2 This is a physical picture of the white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent provided in Example 1 of the present application. Figure 2 It can be seen that white rot fungi are tightly attached to and grow on the surface of columnar rush, and are enriched to form floc-like substances.

[0064] Example 2

[0065] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S4, the white rot fungus balls (the number of live bacteria of the white rot fungus is 10) are inoculated according to the ratio of the mass of the white rot fungus mycelium balls to the mass of the rush 1:10. 5 conidia / mL) onto the surface of rush, and statically cultured at 28°C for 10 days to obtain a white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent, the mass of the white rot fungus mycelium being 20±5% of the mass of the rush, and the polyphenol content being 154.6±2.5 mg GAE / g.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in step S4, the white rot fungus balls (the number of live bacteria of the white rot fungus is 10) are inoculated according to the ratio of the mass of the white rot fungus mycelium balls to the mass of the rush 1:10. 5 conidia / mL) onto the surface of rush, and statically cultured at 28°C for 15 days to obtain a white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent, the mass of the white rot fungus mycelium was 25±5% of the mass of the rush, and the polyphenol content was 165.7±2.2 mg GAE / g.

[0068] Comparative Example 1

[0069] This comparative example provides a white rot fungus adsorbent, and the preparation method thereof may include the following steps:

[0070] The number of live white rot fungi was 10 5 conidia / mL) was inoculated into potato glucose broth and statically cultured at 28°C for 15 days to obtain a white rot fungus adsorbent.

[0071] Comparative Example 2

[0072] This comparative example provides a white rot fungus adsorbent, and the preparation method thereof may include the following steps:

[0073] The rush is cut into 10 cm to 15 cm to obtain the rush adsorbent.

[0074] Experimental Example 1

[0075] In order to explore the adsorption performance of the adsorbents of the embodiments and comparative examples, cationic dye methylene blue, metal ion Zn 2+ and Cu 2+To simulate cationic organic pollutants and heavy metal ion pollutants, static adsorption experiments were performed on the white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbents obtained in Examples 1 to 3, the white rot fungus adsorbent obtained in Comparative Example 1, and the rush adsorbent obtained in Comparative Example 2. The specific experimental process may include the following steps:

[0076] 0.1 g of each of the white rot fungus / rush adsorbents of Examples 1 to 3, the white rot fungus adsorbent of Comparative Example 1, and the rush adsorbent of Comparative Example 2 were taken and placed in 100 mL of methylene blue and ZnO2 solution with a volume concentration of 100 mg / L. 2+ and Cu 2+ The pH value of the solution was adjusted to 7. After adsorption for 4 hours at a temperature of 30°C and a stirring speed of 200 r / min, the upper clear liquid was taken to test and calculate the removal rate of pollutants by the adsorbent. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0077] Table 1 Adsorption performance test results of the adsorbents of the embodiments and comparative examples

[0078]

[0079] As shown in Table 1, the removal efficiency of the white rot fungus / junctus effusus composite antibacterial adsorbent for methylene blue in Examples 1 to 3 is between 87.3% and 93.0%, and the removal efficiency of Zn 2+ The removal rate is 90.6% to 96.2%, Cu 2+ The removal rate is 93.9% to 98.7%, indicating that the inoculation amount and fermentation time have a relatively obvious effect on the effect of the adsorbent. The larger the inoculation amount and the longer the fermentation time, the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbent can be improved to a certain extent. From the data comparison of the comparative example and the embodiment, it can be seen that the adsorption capacity of the white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent is greatly improved. The reason is that a large number of wrinkles and holes are formed on the surface of the sample treated with white rot fungus. These wrinkles and holes greatly increase the specific surface area of ​​the adsorbent, which greatly enhances the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent.

[0080] Experimental Example 2

[0081] In order to explore the antibacterial properties of the adsorbents of the examples and comparative examples, antibacterial experiments were carried out on the white rot fungus / junctivum composite antibacterial adsorbents obtained in Examples 1 to 3, the white rot fungus adsorbent obtained in Comparative Example 1, and the rush adsorbent obtained in Comparative Example 2.

[0082] Experimental Materials:

[0083] The adsorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2, Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli, and physiological saline.

[0084] The specific experimental process may include the following steps:

[0085] (1) Preparation of E. coli suspension: Use an inoculation loop to scrape the frozen E. coli strain into 50 mL of nutrient broth medium (formula: yeast extract 5.0 g / L, peptone 10.0 g / L, sodium chloride 10 g / L), and place it in a constant temperature air shaker for overnight culture. The shaker temperature is set to 35°C and the speed is set to 160 rpm. Take 1 mL of E. coli seed solution into 50 mL of nutrient broth medium, place it in an air shaker for shaking culture for 3-4 hours. The shaker temperature is set to 37°C and the speed is set to 160 rpm. Use an ELISA reader or UV spectrophotometer to measure the OD600 value of the bacterial solution to be between 0.4 and 0.5, and obtain the E. coli suspension for antibacterial experiments.

[0086] Plate count method to measure antibacterial activity: The plate count method was used to evaluate the effect of the sample on bacterial attachment and survival. First, 1g of sample was added to 100mL of bacterial suspension and cultured at 35°C, 160rpm for 1 day. Then the bacterial suspension was diluted and inoculated on an agar plate. According to the Chinese standard GB / T4789.2-2010, the number of bacterial colonies on the agar plate was counted, and the antibacterial rate (RE) of the sample was calculated. The calculation formula for the inhibition rate is as follows:

[0087]

[0088] In the formula, RE is the inhibition rate; C0 is the colony count (CFU / mL) of the initial bacterial suspension; Ce is the colony count (CFU / mL) after culturing with the adsorbent for 24 hours.

[0089] At the same time, the polyphenol content of the adsorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 was tested, and the antibacterial rate results and polyphenol content were shown in Tables 2 and Figures 3 to 5 shown.

[0090] Table 2 Antibacterial rate and polyphenol content of adsorbents prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2

[0091] Group Inhibition rate against E.coli (%) Rate against S. aureus (%) Polyphenol content (mg GAE / g) Example 1 92.6±0.5 95.7±0.6 107.7±2.3 Example 2 99.1±0.3 99.6±0.2 154.6±2.5 Example 3 99.2±0.2 99.7±0.2 165.7±2.2 Comparative Example 1 10.8±0.4 11.9±0.6 6.9±0.8 Comparative Example 2 28.9±0.2 29.7±0.5 17.7±0.7

[0092] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effects of the blank control group (A), white rot fungus (B), rush (C), and white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent (D) on Escherichia coli (E. coli) provided in Example 1 of the present application; Figure 4 This is a graph showing the antibacterial effects of the blank control group (A), white rot fungus (B), rush (C) and white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent (D) on Staphylococcus aureus provided in Example 1 of the present application. Figure 3 and Figure 4It can be seen that the white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent has a very strong inhibitory ability against E. coli and S. aureus, so the number of bacterial colonies in the plate is very small. From the data in Table 2, it can also be seen that the antibacterial rate of the samples prepared in the embodiment against bacteria is above 90%. The antibacterial rates of the samples in Comparative Examples 1-2 are all less than 30%, which shows that in the white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbents of Examples 1 to 3, the white rot fungus ferments rush to synthesize a large amount of polyphenol compounds, which can enhance the antibacterial effect of the samples.

[0093] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the total content of polyphenol compounds in the adsorbents provided in Examples 1 to 3 of the present application and Comparative Examples 1 to 2. Figure 5 It can be seen that the adsorbents of Comparative Examples 1 to 2 contain lower polyphenol concentrations, while the adsorbents of Examples 1 to 3 have higher polyphenol contents, and the polyphenol contents increase with increasing inoculation amount and culture time, which indicates that white rot fungi synthesize a large amount of polyphenol compounds using Juncus effusus as raw material.

[0094] Experimental Example 3

[0095] Since rush, white rot fungi, and polyphenols are generally considered safe, their combination may also be harmless to the environment. Nevertheless, this experiment explored the effects of white rot fungi, rush, and white rot fungi / rush on the hatching rate of zebrafish eggs. The results are shown in Tables 3 and Figure 6 shown.

[0096] Group Zebrafish egg hatching rate (%) Example 1 92.7±1.4 Example 2 91.6±1.2 Example 3 90.7±1.2 Comparative Example 1 95.9±1.6 Comparative Example 2 95.0±1.5

[0097] Figure 6 Environmental toxicity evaluation diagram of the adsorbent provided in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 of the present application. Figure 6 It can be seen that there is no significant difference (p>0.05) between the hatching rate of fish eggs by the adsorbents of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 2 and the hatching rate of the blank control group, indicating that the white rot fungus / juncus effusus composite antibacterial adsorbent will not cause any effect on fish eggs and also has antibacterial properties.

[0098] In addition, one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0099] In the embodiment of the present invention, the white rot fungus utilizes the lignin in the rush as its carbon source, and can convert the high molecular weight lignin into low molecular weight polyphenolic compounds with antibacterial activity. At the same time, the white rot fungus carries abundant functional groups (carboxyl, amino, amide, sulfate, phosphoryl, etc.) to make pollutants in the water environment easier to be captured. The fermentation of the white rot fungus can not only significantly increase the specific surface area of ​​the rush, but also significantly increase the content of polyphenolic compounds, thereby synthesizing an efficient antibacterial adsorbent.

[0100] In the embodiment of the present invention, rush is used as raw material, fermented by white rot fungi, and freeze-dried to obtain a white rot fungus / rush composite antibacterial adsorbent. The prepared adsorbent material has good adsorption properties for heavy metal ions and dyes, and shows an inhibition rate of 92.6% to 99.7% for Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria, and has good antibacterial properties.

[0101] In the embodiments of the present invention, the white rot fungus / junctus effusus composite antibacterial adsorbent can be widely used in treating various wastewaters containing various heavy metal ions and dyes, and its preparation is simple and the reaction conditions are mild, so it has broad application prospects in the field of wastewater treatment.

[0102] In the embodiment of the present invention, the white rot fungus / junctus effusus composite antibacterial adsorbent has a wide source, low price, simple preparation method, mild reaction conditions, and is easy to scale up. The renewability and low cost of biomass materials are its outstanding advantages as wastewater treatment adsorbents.

[0103] The above description is only a specific implementation of the present application, so that those skilled in the art can understand or implement the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest range consistent with the principles and novel features applied for herein.

Claims

1. A white rot fungus / junctivum composite antibacterial adsorbent, characterized in that: The composite antibacterial adsorbent is used to remove pollutants in water and is used for antibacterial of water. The composite antibacterial adsorbent comprises: rush; and White rot fungus mycelium, wherein the white rot fungus mycelium grows on the surface and inside of the rush.

2. The composite antibacterial adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass of the white rot fungus mycelium is 10% to 30% of the mass of the rush.

3. The composite antibacterial adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the white rot fungus mycelium is 1 μm to 10 μm.

4. The composite antibacterial adsorbent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite antibacterial adsorbent has good antibacterial effect on methylene blue, Zn 2+ Cu 2+ The removal rates were ≥85%.

5. The composite antibacterial adsorbent according to claim 4, characterized in that: The polyphenol content of the composite antibacterial adsorbent is ≥90 mg GAE / g.

6. The composite antibacterial adsorbent according to claim 5, characterized in that: The antibacterial rate of the composite antibacterial adsorbent to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus is 92.6% to 99.7%.

7. A method for preparing the composite antibacterial adsorbent according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises: The white rot fungus is inoculated into a liquid culture medium containing rush and then cultured to form the composite antibacterial adsorbent.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The liquid culture medium is potato glucose broth, and the formula of the potato glucose broth is: potato extract: 4.0 g / L, glucose: 20 g / L, and the balance is water.

9. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The culture temperature is 28° C., and the culture time is 7 to 15 days.

10. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The viable count of the white rot fungus is 10 5 conidia / mL~10 6 conidia / mL.

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