Flexible optical antenna, preparation method thereof and application of flexible optical antenna in optical wireless communication

Abstract

The invention discloses a flexible optical antenna and a preparation method thereof, the flexible optical antenna comprises a luminescent material and a transparent flexible light-cured matrix, and the luminescent material is uniformly dispersed in the transparent flexible light-cured matrix; the luminescent material has a photoluminescence characteristic, and has an isotropic characteristic on light emission; the transparent flexible light-cured matrix is an organic polymer; under the excitation of the exciting light, the light-emitting material generates light with a specific wave band and moves to the side edge of the flexible optical antenna in the waveguide structure, so that side edge collection of optical signals is realized. The invention also discloses an application of the flexible optical antenna as a receiving end of an optical wireless communication system. The flexible optical antenna provided by the invention has good flexibility, stability, deformation recovery capability and complex surface adhesion capability, and can realize a great field angle in an optical wireless communication system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical wireless communication, and in particular to a flexible optical antenna and a preparation method thereof, and application in optical wireless communication. Background Art

[0002] Optical Wireless Communication (OWC) is an innovative means of transmitting information in free space through light waves, mainly using infrared or visible light bands for data exchange. Compared with traditional RF communication, OWC technology has many advantages, such as higher bandwidth, stronger security, no need for spectrum licenses, and environmental protection. Because the frequency of light waves far exceeds that of RF signals, OWC can support faster data transmission. In addition, using visible light or infrared bands for communication usually does not require spectrum licenses like RF communication, so it is also more advantageous in terms of security. However, OWC technology also faces challenges in the application process. For example, if a straight line of sight connection between the transmitter and the receiver is required, any obstruction will cause signal interruption. In a mobile environment, especially in a high-speed mobile scenario, maintaining precise alignment becomes a technical problem.

[0003] In the field of communications, the advancement of wireless radio frequency technology has led to the research and development of radars and antennas. Antennas, as a key communication device, are able to re-transmit after receiving modulated signals. In the field of optical wireless communications, optical antennas, as an innovative technology, are able to send out optical signals after receiving them. They are widely used at the receiving end to achieve communications with a large field of view. This feature eliminates the need for precise alignment of the receiving end with the transmitting end, improving the flexibility and reliability of communications. Luminescent materials can absorb optical signals from a wider angle and convert them into optical signals. Even in the case of weak signals, the characteristics of luminescent materials can enhance the received signal and ensure communication stability.

[0004] Optical antennas are devices used in the receiving end of optical wireless communications. Through their unique waveguide structure and photoluminescence properties, the luminescent material in the optical antenna can capture photons and re-emit them, allowing the photons to be transmitted along the waveguide structure of the optical antenna to the side for light reception. With its large field of view and high gain, optical antennas effectively overcome the difficulties of point-to-point communication in optical wireless communication systems and achieve stable and efficient data transmission.

[0005] Most of the existing optical antennas are still obtained by photocuring methods. However, due to the limitations of light-induced curing polymer formulas, the prepared optical antennas are hard and brittle. This physical property makes it difficult for optical antennas to adapt to the needs of complex environments. Specifically, although the cross-linked structure formed during the photocuring process of this polymer fixes the shape of the optical antenna, it also causes it to lose the necessary flexibility and elasticity, resulting in easy breakage when subjected to mechanical stress instead of safely bending or deforming. This brittleness not only limits the use of optical antennas in applications that require high flexibility, such as wearable devices and flexible electronic skins, but also affects their stability and durability in diverse environments such as extreme temperatures, humidity changes, and chemical corrosion. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new light-induced curing polymer formulas to improve the environmental adaptability and mechanical reliability of optical antennas. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication and a preparation method thereof. The flexible optical antenna has good flexibility, stability, deformation recovery ability and complex surface adhesion ability, and can achieve a large field of view angle in an optical wireless communication system.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication, comprising a luminescent material and a transparent flexible photocurable matrix, wherein the luminescent material is uniformly dispersed in the transparent flexible photocurable matrix; The luminescent material has photoluminescent properties and isotropic light emission; the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is ​​an organic polymer; Under the excitation of the excitation light, the luminescent material generates light of a specific wavelength band and moves to the side of the flexible optical antenna in the waveguide structure to realize the side collection of the optical signal.

[0008] Preferably, the flexible optical antenna of the present invention has good flexibility, stability, deformation recovery ability and complex surface adhesion ability. The flexible optical antenna of the present invention can be bent at an angle of 180° in at least one direction, that is, it forms a semicircular or nearly semicircular curved shape, and does not cause problems such as stress concentration or uneven strain during the bending process. After removing the bending stress, the flexible optical antenna can return to its original unbent state. The flexible optical antenna has deformation recovery ability, and even after multiple bending or folding operations, the flexible optical antenna can still maintain its stable photoluminescent performance without significant performance degradation. When the flexible optical antenna is subjected to bending deformation or environmental changes, its photoluminescent performance and communication performance remain stable. The flexible optical antenna has complex surface adhesion ability and can stably fit complex surfaces with a certain curvature.

[0009] The flexible optical antenna of the present invention is a stable flexible optical device that can realize the side emission of high-gain signal light under the excitation of signal light with a large field of view angle, has deformation recovery ability and complex surface adhesion ability, and can be used in optical wireless communication systems. The flexible optical antenna of the present invention has good flexibility, stability, deformation recovery ability and complex surface adhesion ability, overcomes the shortcomings of the existing traditional hard flat optical antenna, such as hardness and fragility, inconvenient fixation, few matching scenarios, and inflexibility, realizes the deformation recovery ability and complex surface adhesion ability of the flexible optical antenna, and effectively realizes optical wireless communication under a large field of view angle through the device, effectively improving the fault tolerance and transmission capacity of optical wireless communication technology.

[0010] The luminescent material has photoluminescence characteristics, is a luminescent material with short photoluminescence life and high photoluminescence quantum yield, emits light is isotropically, and is uniformly dispersed in the transparent flexible photocurable matrix.

[0011] The flexible optical antenna of the present invention has tunable photoluminescence characteristics, and can adjust the luminescent material in the flexible optical antenna according to the needs of optical wireless communication, thereby modulating its emission wavelength.

[0012] Preferably, the luminescent material has a luminescent spectrum in the 400-1200 nm band.

[0013] Further preferably, the luminescent material is at least one of perovskite quantum dots, II-VI semiconductor quantum dots, IV-VI semiconductor quantum dots, organic luminescent quantum dots, organic luminescent dye molecules, carbon quantum dots, and silicon quantum dots.

[0014] Further preferably, the luminescent material is at least one of CsPbBr3 quantum dots and CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots.

[0015] The transparent flexible photocurable matrix is ​​an organic polymer, which is used to maintain the shape of the flexible optical antenna and has good flexibility, stability, deformation recovery ability and complex surface adhesion ability.

[0016] Preferably, the light transmittance of the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is ​​≥90%.

[0017] Preferably, the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is ​​formed by curing a photocurable resin by ultraviolet light under the action of a photoinitiator and a crosslinking agent; the photocurable resin is polylauryl methacrylate (PLMA); and the weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable resin and the crosslinking agent is 0.01~0.07:30~40:5.

[0018] Preferably, the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is ​​formed by curing a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin by ultraviolet light under the action of a photoinitiator; the photocurable prepolymer resin is at least one of polyurethane acrylate (PUA), polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and polybutylene terephthalate (PBF); the photocurable monomer resin is one or more of 2-dodecyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, dimethacrylate (DMA), and divinylbenzene (DVB); the weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin, and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.01-0.07:1:5-20. The photocurable prepolymer resin is used to improve the stability of the photocurable monomer resin in the polymer.

[0019] Preferably, the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is ​​formed by curing a precursor monomer of a thiol-ene polymer (OSTE) by ultraviolet light under the action of a photoinitiator; the precursor monomer of the thiol-ene polymer includes a thiol monomer and an allyl monomer; the weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the thiol monomer, and the allyl monomer is 0.01~0.07:1:1.

[0020] The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO).

[0021] The crosslinking agent is at least one of ethylene glycol diacrylate (EDGM), dimethacrylate (DMA) and divinylbenzene (DVB).

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for preparing the flexible optical antenna, comprising: (1) uniformly mixing curing raw materials of a transparent flexible photocurable matrix to obtain a photocurable liquid; (2) The luminescent material and the photocurable liquid are mixed evenly, transferred to a mold, and cured by ultraviolet light or printed by a photocurable 3D printing device to obtain a flexible optical antenna.

[0023] The flexible optical antenna of the present invention has a simple preparation process, and its photoluminescent performance and deformation recovery ability are controllable. By adjusting the photoluminescent material, it can be widely tunable in the entire visible light band. The prepared flexible optical antenna has stable performance, deformation recovery ability and complex surface adhesion ability, which improves the environmental adaptability and flexibility of the flexible optical antenna.

[0024] The present invention also provides the application of the flexible optical antenna as a receiving end of an optical wireless communication system, which can achieve a large viewing angle through a waveguide structure and has a high-gain signal transmission capability.

[0025] The excitation light carrying the signal can be incident from the front of the flexible optical antenna. The excitation light excites the luminescent material in the flexible optical antenna to emit photons, which are then emitted from the side of the flexible optical antenna through the waveguide structure. The detector is installed on the side of the flexible optical antenna to receive the light signal.

[0026] Flexible optical antennas have broken through the limits of optical expansion and achieved optical wireless communication with a large field of view. When bent, flexible optical antennas can achieve a large field of view of more than 200 degrees, greatly increasing the range of signal reception and transmission, reducing signal blind spots, and improving communication quality.

[0027] The present invention realizes the flexibility of the optical antenna for the first time in the optical wireless communication technology, which retains the waveguide characteristics and high gain of the optical antenna, further improves the large field of view angle characteristic advantage of the optical antenna, and realizes the flexible design of the optical antenna.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) In view of the defects of optical antennas currently used in optical wireless communication systems, such as being hard and fragile, inconvenient to fix, having few matching scenarios, and being unbendable, the present invention provides a flexible optical antenna that can be bent in at least one direction to a radius less than or equal to a certain value, and after the bending force is removed, the bending angle of the flexible optical antenna can be restored to its original unbent state. The flexible optical antenna has deformation recovery capability, and even after multiple bending or folding operations, the flexible optical antenna can still maintain its stable photoluminescence performance without significant performance degradation.

[0029] (2) A flexible optical antenna of the present invention contains perovskite quantum dots, II-VI semiconductor quantum dots, IV-VI semiconductor quantum dots, organic light-emitting quantum dots, organic light-emitting dye molecules, carbon quantum dots, silicon quantum dots, etc. with photoluminescent properties, which can selectively absorb excitation light and emit visible light or near-infrared light of different bands, and can match the different characteristic bands of photodiodes, APD detectors, and PIN diodes used as optical signal receivers.

[0030] (3) A flexible optical antenna of the present invention has the ability to adhere to complex surfaces and can be flexibly attached to a variety of complex surfaces. Compared with traditional hard flat optical antennas, the flexible optical antenna of the present invention has achieved significant improvements in scene adaptability. Not only can it perfectly match receiving surfaces of various curvatures, thereby expanding its application range, but this characteristic also makes it extremely versatile in a variety of application scenarios. The present invention optimizes the application of optical antennas in fields that require high flexibility, such as wearable devices and flexible electronic skin.

[0031] (4) A flexible optical antenna of the present invention can provide a larger field of view in an optical wireless communication system. When the flexible optical antenna is bent, a maximum field of view of more than 200 degrees can be achieved, which is significantly better than the field of view of about 120 degrees of a traditional optical antenna. This advantage enables the present invention to significantly improve signal coverage, environmental adaptability, system performance and design flexibility, and can more effectively capture signals, reduce signal blind spots, improve communication quality, and be applicable to more diverse and complex scenarios. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A physical picture of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 1; Figure 2 The luminescence and absorption spectra of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 1; Figure 3 A physical picture of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 2; Figure 4 The luminescence and absorption spectra of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 2; Figure 5 This is a physical picture of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 3; Figure 6 This is a bandwidth test diagram of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 3 when the bending curvature is 90°; Figure 7 The bit error rate curve and eye diagram at different OOK communication rates when the bending curvature of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 3 is 90°; Figure 8 This is a bandwidth test diagram of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 4 when the bending curvature is 90°; Fig. 9 The bit error rate curve and eye diagram of the flexible optical antenna prepared in Example 4 at different OOK communication rates when the bending curvature is 90°. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be pointed out that the embodiments described below are intended to facilitate the understanding of the present invention and do not have any limiting effect on the present invention.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] This example describes how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a photocurable matrix composed of PLMA, EDGM, and TPO, and the luminescent material is CsPbBr3 quantum dots, and completes deformation testing and optical performance testing: (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is ​​composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable resin and a crosslinker. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable resin is polylauryl methacrylate (PLMA), and the crosslinker is ethylene glycol diacrylate (EDGM). The weight ratio of the initiator, the photocurable resin and the crosslinker is 0.05:40:5. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer and ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine to obtain a photocurable liquid. (2) placing the CsPbBr3 quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CsPbBr3 quantum dots; (3) mixing the CsPbBr3 quantum dots with the photocurable liquid, and stirring them evenly by a rotating stirrer to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot-curable liquid; (4) The CsPbBr3 quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold, irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes, and the mold was peeled off to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0036] (5) The deformation recovery ability of the flexible optical antenna was verified by repeatedly bending the flexible optical antenna and observing its morphology at different bending curvatures. (6) The emission and absorption spectra of the flexible optical antenna samples were measured using an integrating sphere and a spectrophotometer and compared with the photoluminescence properties of quantum dots to verify the effect of the preparation of the flexible optical antenna on the photoluminescence properties of the luminescent material.

[0037] CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antennas were prepared by polylauryl methacrylate (PLMA) curing method, and deformation tests proved that the flexible optical antennas have good deformation recovery ability, such as Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The shapes of the flexible optical antenna when the bending curvatures are 0°, 90°, and 180° are demonstrated, verifying the deformation ability of the flexible optical antenna.

[0038] Through optical performance testing, the emission spectrum and absorption spectrum of the prepared CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna were obtained, such as Figure 2 As shown, it exhibits good photoluminescence properties, and the preparation of the flexible optical antenna does not affect the photoluminescence properties of the luminescent material.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] This example describes how to prepare a flexible photocurable matrix based on a thiol monomer, an allyl monomer and a photoinitiator (TPO), and a flexible optical antenna whose luminescent material is CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots, and completes deformation testing and optical performance testing: (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is ​​composed of a photoinitiator and a thiol-ene polymer. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO). The thiol-ene polymer is composed of a thiol monomer and an allyl monomer. The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the thiol monomer and the allyl monomer is 0.01:1:1. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer and ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine to obtain a photocurable liquid. (2) placing the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots; (3) mixing the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots with the photocurable liquid, and stirring them evenly by a rotating stirrer to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-curable liquid; (4) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold, irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes, and the mold was peeled off to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0041] (5) The deformation recovery ability of the flexible optical antenna was verified by repeatedly bending the flexible optical antenna and observing its morphology at different bending curvatures. (6) The emission and absorption spectra of the CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna samples were measured using an integrating sphere and a spectrophotometer and compared with the photoluminescence properties of quantum dots to verify the effect of the preparation of the flexible optical antenna on the photoluminescence properties of the luminescent material.

[0042] In this example, a CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna was prepared by a thiol-ene (OSTE) curing method. The universality of the flexible optical antenna preparation scheme was verified by changing the composition of the luminescent material and the organic polymer. The deformation test verified that the CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna had good deformation recovery ability. Figure 3 As shown, the actual picture shows the effect of the flexible optical antenna under sunlight and ultraviolet light, indicating that the flexible optical antenna has good photoluminescence performance.

[0043] The emission and absorption spectra of the CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna were obtained through optical performance testing, verifying its large Stokes shift, such as Figure 4 As shown, it also illustrates that the flexible optical antenna can achieve continuous tunability of the spectrum over a large range by changing the luminescent material, which is suitable for high-gain optical wireless communications with a large field of view, especially for optical wireless communication scenarios with strict requirements on the spectral band.

[0044] Example 3

[0045] This example illustrates how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a photocurable matrix composed of PUA, LA, and TPO, and the luminescent material is CsPbBr3 quantum dots, and its complex surface adhesion ability is tested: (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is ​​composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polyurethane acrylate (PUA), and the photocurable monomer resin is 2-dodecyl acrylate (LA). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.05:1:20. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer, ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine, and the excess photocurable prepolymer resin PUA is removed by filtration to obtain a photocurable liquid. (2) placing the CsPbBr3 quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CsPbBr3 quantum dots; (3) mixing the CsPbBr3 quantum dots with the photocurable liquid, and stirring them evenly by a rotating stirrer to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot-curable liquid; (4) The CsPbBr3 quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold, irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes, and the mold was peeled off to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0046] (5) The CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna was attached to a glass bottle to observe its complex surface adhesion ability and its effect under sunlight and ultraviolet light.

[0047] The CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna was prepared by the polyurethane acrylate (PUA) curing method. This example further verified the universality of the flexible optical antenna preparation scheme by changing the composition of the organic polymer, indicating that a variety of flexible organic polymers can be used to prepare flexible optical antennas. By attaching it to a curved glass surface, the complex curved surface adhesion ability of the flexible optical antenna was verified. Figure 5 shown.

[0048] (6) Using a spectrum analyzer and a network analyzer, observe the signal output of the flexible optical antenna when the bending curvature is 90° under the light excitation of a swept frequency signal, and calculate the -3 dB bandwidth under the bending condition; (7) Using an arbitrary signal generator, oscilloscope and APD detector, the signal output of the flexible optical antenna under the light excitation of the OOK signal was measured when the bending curvature was 90°, and the bit error rate and eye diagram at different data rates under the bending condition were obtained; In this embodiment, the communication performance of the CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna is measured under bending, and the bandwidth of the flexible optical antenna is obtained, such as Figure 6 As shown in the figure, the bit error rate and eye diagram at different OOK signal rates are tested, as shown in Figure 7 As shown. It was verified that the CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna achieved a communication rate of up to 160Mbps when the bending curvature was 90°.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] This example illustrates how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a photocurable matrix composed of PUA, LA, and TPO, with the luminescent material being CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots, and complete the communication performance test under bending: (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is ​​composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polyurethane acrylate (PUA), and the photocurable monomer resin is 2-dodecyl acrylate (LA). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.05:1:20. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer, ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine, and the excess photocurable prepolymer resin PUA is removed by filtration to obtain a photocurable liquid. (2) placing the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots; (3) mixing the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots with the photocurable liquid, and stirring them evenly by a rotating stirrer to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-curable liquid; (4) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold, irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes, and the mold was peeled off to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0051] (5) Using a spectrum analyzer and a network analyzer, observe the signal output of the CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna when the curvature is 90° under the light excitation of a swept frequency signal, and calculate the -3dB bandwidth under bending; (6) Using an arbitrary signal generator, oscilloscope and APD detector, the signal output of the CdSe / CdZnS flexible optical antenna with a bending curvature of 90° was measured under the light excitation of an OOK signal, and the bit error rate and eye diagram at different data rates under the bending condition were obtained; In this example, a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna was prepared by a polyurethane acrylate (PUA) curing method. By changing the type of luminescent material, the universality of the flexible optical antenna preparation scheme was further verified, indicating that a variety of flexible organic polymers can be used to prepare flexible optical antennas. The communication performance of the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna was measured under bending, and the bandwidth of the flexible optical antenna was obtained, such as Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the bit error rate and eye diagram at different OOK signal rates are tested, as shown in Fig. 9 As shown in Figure 2, it was verified that the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna achieved a communication rate of up to 19 Mbps when the bending curvature was 90°.

[0052] Example 5

[0053] This example describes how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a PMMA, LA, and TPO-based flexible photocurable matrix, with the luminescent material being CsPbBr3 quantum dots, and tests its complex surface adhesion ability: (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is ​​composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and the photocurable monomer resin is 2-dodecyl acrylate (LA). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.05:1:20. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer, ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine, and the excess photocurable prepolymer resin PUA is removed by filtration to obtain a photocurable liquid. (2) placing the CsPbBr3 quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CsPbBr3 quantum dots; (3) mixing the CsPbBr3 quantum dots with the photocurable liquid, and stirring them evenly by a rotating stirrer to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot-curable liquid; (4) transferring the CsPbBr3 quantum dot-cured liquid into a quartz mold, irradiating it with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W ultraviolet lamp for more than 6 minutes, peeling off the mold, and obtaining a CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna; In this example, a CsPbBr3 flexible optical antenna was prepared by a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) curing method. The universality of the flexible optical antenna preparation scheme was verified by changing the composition of the luminescent material and the organic polymer.

[0054] Example 6

[0055] This example illustrates how to prepare a flexible photocurable matrix based on PMMA, LA, and TPO by photocuring 3D printing technology. The luminescent material is a flexible optical antenna made of CsPbBr3 quantum dots. Its complex shape forming capability is tested: (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is ​​composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and the photocurable monomer resin is 2-dodecyl acrylate (LA). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.05:1:20. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 5 minutes by a rotary stirrer, ultrasonicated for more than 30 minutes by an ultrasonic machine, and the excess photocurable prepolymer resin PUA is removed by filtration to obtain a photocurable liquid. (2) placing the CsPbBr3 quantum dot solution in a vacuum environment and evaporating the solvent to obtain CsPbBr3 quantum dots; (3) mixing the CsPbBr3 quantum dots with the photocurable liquid, and stirring them evenly by a rotating stirrer to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot-curable liquid; (4) The CsPbBr3 quantum dot-curing liquid is transferred to the raw material tank of the light-curing 3D printing equipment, and printed layer by layer from top to bottom from the molding platform at a speed of 35μm / 6s under a 405nm 58W ultraviolet lamp. The prepared CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna is peeled off from the molding platform and irradiated under a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W ultraviolet lamp for more than 6 minutes for secondary curing to obtain a CsPbBr3 quantum dot flexible optical antenna; In this example, a CsPbBr3 flexible optical antenna was prepared by a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) curing method. The universality of the flexible optical antenna preparation scheme was verified by changing the composition of the luminescent material and the organic polymer.

[0056] Example 7

[0057] This example illustrates how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a flexible photocurable matrix composed of PVF, DMA, and TPO, and the luminescent material is CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots: (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is ​​composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polyvinyl fluoride (PVF), and the photocurable monomer resin is dimethacrylate (DMA). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.07:1:15. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 10 minutes by a rotary stirrer, ultrasonically treated for more than 40 minutes by an ultrasonic machine, and the excess PVF is removed by filtration to obtain a photocurable liquid.

[0058] (2) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot solution is placed in a vacuum environment and the solvent is evaporated to obtain CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots.

[0059] (3) Mix the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots with the photocurable liquid, and stir them evenly with a rotating stirrer to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-curable liquid.

[0060] (4) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold, irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes, and the mold was peeled off to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0061] In this embodiment, a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna is prepared by a polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) curing method, and the flexibility and applicability of the flexible optical antenna preparation method are verified by adjusting the composition of the luminescent material and the organic polymer.

[0062] Example 8

[0063] This example illustrates how to prepare a flexible optical antenna based on a flexible photocurable matrix composed of polybutylene terephthalate (PBF), DVB, and TPO, and the luminescent material is CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots: (1) The flexible photocurable matrix is ​​composed of a photoinitiator, a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin. The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO), the photocurable prepolymer resin is polybutylene terephthalate (PBF), and the photocurable monomer resin is divinylbenzene (DVB). The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.06:1:10. After mixing, the mixture is mechanically stirred for 15 minutes by a magnetic stirrer, ultrasonically treated for more than 45 minutes by an ultrasonic machine, and the excess PBF is removed by filtration to obtain a photocurable liquid.

[0064] (2) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot solution is placed in a vacuum environment and the solvent is evaporated to obtain CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots.

[0065] (3) Mix the CdSe / CdZnS quantum dots with the photocurable liquid, and stir them evenly with a magnetic stirrer to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-curable liquid.

[0066] (4) The CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot-cured liquid was transferred to a quartz mold, irradiated with a 405nm 6W and 365nm 6W UV lamp for more than 6 minutes, and the mold was peeled off to obtain a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna.

[0067] In this example, a CdSe / CdZnS quantum dot flexible optical antenna was prepared by a polybutylene terephthalate (PBF) curing method. By optimizing the ratio of luminescent materials and resin, the effectiveness of the photocuring method in preparing flexible optical antennas and its stability under different environmental conditions were demonstrated.

[0068] The embodiments described above provide a detailed description of the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, supplements and equivalent substitutions made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication, characterized in that: It comprises a luminescent material and a transparent flexible photocurable matrix, wherein the luminescent material is uniformly dispersed in the transparent flexible photocurable matrix; The luminescent material has photoluminescent properties and isotropic light emission; the transparent flexible photocurable matrix is ​​an organic polymer; Under the excitation of the excitation light, the luminescent material generates light of a specific wavelength band and moves to the side of the flexible optical antenna in the waveguide structure to realize the side collection of the optical signal.

2. The flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The luminescence spectrum of the luminescent material is in the 400-1200nm band.

3. The flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The luminescent material is at least one of perovskite quantum dots, II-VI semiconductor quantum dots, IV-VI semiconductor quantum dots, organic luminescent quantum dots, organic luminescent dye molecules, carbon quantum dots, and silicon quantum dots.

4. The flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent flexible photocurable matrix is ​​formed by curing a photocurable resin by ultraviolet light under the action of a photoinitiator and a crosslinking agent; the photocurable resin is polylauryl methacrylate; the weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable resin and the crosslinking agent is 0.01-0.07:30-40:

5.

5. The flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent flexible photocurable matrix is ​​formed by curing a photocurable prepolymer resin and a photocurable monomer resin by ultraviolet light under the action of a photoinitiator; the photocurable prepolymer resin is at least one of polyurethane acrylate, polyvinyl fluoride, polymethyl methacrylate, and polybutylene terephthalate; the photocurable monomer resin is one or more of 2-dodecyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, dimethacrylate, and divinylbenzene; and the weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the photocurable prepolymer resin, and the photocurable monomer resin is 0.01-0.07:1:5-20.

6. The flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transparent flexible photocurable matrix is ​​formed by curing the precursor monomer of thiol-ene polymer (OSTE) by ultraviolet light under the action of a photoinitiator; the precursor monomer of the thiol-ene polymer includes a thiol monomer and an allyl monomer; The weight ratio of the photoinitiator, the thiol monomer and the allyl monomer is 0.01-0.07:1:

1.

7. The flexible optical antenna for optical wireless communication according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: The photoinitiator is (2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl) diphenylphosphine oxide; the crosslinking agent is at least one of ethylene glycol diacrylate, dimethacrylate and divinylbenzene.

8. A method for preparing a flexible optical antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: (1) uniformly mixing curing raw materials of a transparent flexible photocurable matrix to obtain a photocurable liquid; (2) The luminescent material and the photocurable liquid are mixed evenly, transferred to a mold, and cured by ultraviolet light or printed by a photocurable 3D printing device to obtain a flexible optical antenna.

9. Use of the flexible optical antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 7 as a receiving end of an optical wireless communication system.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The excitation light carrying the signal is incident from the front of the flexible optical antenna. The excitation light excites the luminescent material in the flexible optical antenna to emit photons, which are then emitted from the side of the flexible optical antenna through the waveguide structure and received by the detector.

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