Open caisson heading machine and open caisson construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of open caisson tunneling equipment, and provides an open caisson tunneling machine and an open caisson construction method, the open caisson tunneling machine and the open caisson construction method are used for excavating an excavation well formed in a well wall foundation tripped underground in advance, and the open caisson tunneling machine comprises at least one main track preset on the inner side wall of the well wall foundation; the at least one excavation main machine comprises a block track which can be in butt joint with the main track to form a combined track; the sliding seat is movably connected with the block track; the first swing arm is rotatably connected with the sliding seat; the second swing arm is rotatably connected with the first swing arm, the tail end of the first swing arm is connected with a cutter suction head, and the cutter suction head is connected with a residue outlet pipe; and in the state that the block rails are in butt joint with the main rail, a sliding seat on the excavation main machine can slide along the combined rail so as to excavate the excavation well. The problems that in the existing bridge pile well excavation process, the excavation blind area is large, and the construction efficiency is low can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of caisson boring equipment, and in particular to a caisson boring machine and a caisson construction method. Background Art

[0002] The construction process of large bridge piles is as follows: first, the pre-fabricated bridge piles are lowered into the ground, and then multiple bridge pile wells formed inside the bridge piles are excavated.

[0003] For the excavation of bridge pile wells, the existing construction methods include: hydraulic grab bucket soil extraction, suction robot, single-head suction machine and double-head suction machine, etc. However, the existing construction methods have problems such as insufficient reliability, low construction efficiency, large excavation blind area, difficult to control the excavation contour, large space occupation, and heavy equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to design and develop a new type of caisson construction equipment for efficient excavation of bridge pile wells. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a caisson boring machine and a caisson construction method, so as to solve the problems of large excavation blind area and low construction efficiency in the existing bridge pile well excavation process.

[0005] The above technical objectives of the present invention are mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides a caisson boring machine for excavating an excavation well formed in a well wall foundation previously sunk underground, the caisson boring machine comprising:

[0007] At least one main track is preset on the inner side wall of the shaft foundation;

[0008] At least one excavation host, comprising:

[0009] The block track can be connected with the main track to form a combined track;

[0010] A sliding seat, movably connected to the block track;

[0011] A first swing arm, rotatably connected to the sliding seat;

[0012] A second swing arm is rotatably connected to the first swing arm, a terminal end of the first swing arm is connected to a suction head, and the suction head is connected to a slag discharge pipe;

[0013] When the block track is connected to the main track, the sliding seat on the excavation main machine can slide along the combined track to realize excavation operations at different positions of the excavation well.

[0014] The caisson boring machine described in the present invention is suitable for soil formations such as silt, sand, clay, and cemented soil; the whole machine is designed to be lightweight; the whole machine can be quickly disassembled and assembled to enter and exit the well; it has the advantages of small footprint, less excavation, low cost, high efficiency, and strong adaptability; it can control costs, ensure quality, and improve work efficiency.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the well wall foundation is a bridge pile, and the excavated well is a bridge pile well formed in the bridge pile.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotation axis of the first swing arm is parallel to the rotation axis of the second swing arm.

[0017] In this embodiment, the two parallel rotating shafts can conveniently move the end of the second swing arm connected to the suction head to any position within a predetermined range on a certain plane.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suction head is rotatably connected to the second swing arm, and the rotation axis of the suction head is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the second swing arm.

[0019] In this embodiment, the winch suction head can swing relative to the second swing arm in a direction different from the swing direction of the second swing arm, and the winch suction head can reach part of the excavation blind area in the bridge pile to achieve excavation of the blind area.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least one docking port is provided on the main track, and the block track can be inserted into the docking port to be connected with the main track.

[0021] In an implementation manner, the docking interface can facilitate the docking of the main track and the block track.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a lowering track is also provided on the inner side wall of the well wall foundation, one end of the lowering track is located at the wellhead, and the other end of the lowering track extends to the docking port, and the block track on the excavation main machine can be slidably clamped on the lowering track and lowered from the wellhead to the docking port along the lowering track.

[0023] In this embodiment, the track is lowered to limit the posture of the excavation main machine during the lifting process, so that the block track and the main track on the excavation main machine can be smoothly docked, avoiding the need to adjust the posture of the excavation main machine and improving the docking efficiency.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a docking mechanism is provided between the docking port and the block track, and the docking mechanism includes a card slot and a retractable card block;

[0025] The card slot is provided on the docking port, and the retractable card block is provided on the block track; or, the card slot is provided on the block track, and the retractable card block is provided on the docking port;

[0026] When the block track is located in the docking port, the retractable card block extends out and is inserted into the card slot.

[0027] In this embodiment, the docking mechanism can realize the connection between the main track and the block track, ensure the firmness of the connection between the two, and avoid track misalignment.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a walking mechanism is provided on the sliding seat, and the walking mechanism has vertical walking wheels, transverse walking wheels and anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearings arranged on the sliding seat; the combined track includes an upper walking beam and a lower walking beam that are opposite and parallel to each other, the vertical walking wheels and the transverse walking wheels are in rolling contact with two rolling surfaces adjacent to the lower walking beam respectively, and the anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearing is in rolling contact with the upper walking beam.

[0029] In this embodiment, the transverse walking wheels and the vertical walking wheels can improve the stability of the sliding seat rolling on the combined track; the anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearings can ensure the firmness of the matching connection between the excavation main machine and the combined track, and prevent the excavation main machine from falling off the main track.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a clamping mechanism is provided on the sliding seat, the combined track comprises an upper walking beam and a lower walking beam which are opposite and parallel to each other, the clamping mechanism comprises two groups of clamps which can be clamped on the upper walking beam and the lower walking beam respectively, each group of clamps is provided with at least one clamp, and the clamps comprise:

[0031] A clamping seat connected to the sliding seat;

[0032] Two clamping arms, the middle parts of the two clamping arms are respectively hinged on the upper and lower sides of the clamping seat;

[0033] The clamping cylinder is connected between the two clamping arms, and the ends of the two clamping arms away from the clamping cylinder are respectively located at the upper and lower sides of the upper walking beam or the lower walking beam.

[0034] In this embodiment, the clamp can be clamped and locked when the excavation machine is performing excavation operations to resist the reaction force generated by excavation.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a clamping wheel is provided on one side of the clamping seat facing the upper walking beam or the lower walking beam, and the clamping wheel can roll on the upper walking beam or the lower walking beam.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the sliding seat slides on the combined track, the clamping walking wheels on the clamping seat can also roll on the combined track, thereby improving the stability of the cooperation between the clamp and the combined track and avoiding interference between the two.

[0037] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a caisson construction method, which is implemented by using the caisson boring machine as described above, and the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step S1: pre-embedding a main track on the inner wall of a shaft wall foundation, and sinking the shaft wall foundation into the ground to form at least one excavated well in the shaft wall foundation;

[0039] Step S2: lowering the excavation main machine into the excavation well and docking the block track with the main track;

[0040] Step S3: starting the excavation main machine, and moving the suction head to different positions in the excavation well for excavation through the sliding of the sliding seat, the swinging of the first swing arm and the swinging of the second swing arm;

[0041] Step S4: After completing the excavation of one excavation well, hoist the excavation main machine into the next excavation well, and repeat the above steps S2 and S3 until the operation of all excavation wells in the well wall foundation is completed.

[0042] The caisson construction method described in the present invention is suitable for soil formations such as silt, sand, clay, and cemented soil; the whole machine is lightweight in design; the whole machine can be quickly disassembled and assembled to enter and exit the well; it has the advantages of small footprint, less excavation, low cost, high efficiency, and strong adaptability.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the well wall foundation is a bridge pile, and the excavated well is a bridge pile well formed in the bridge pile.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of excavating different positions in the bridge pile well includes the following steps:

[0045] Step S31: excavation in the well: the second swing arm swings to drive the suction head to rotate to different positions in the bridge pile well to realize the excavation operation in the well;

[0046] Step S32: excavation of the blade foot: the first swing arm and the second swing arm swing simultaneously to drive the suction head to move to the blade foot of the bridge pile well to realize the excavation operation of the blade foot.

[0047] In this embodiment, the well and the blade foot position are excavated successively, and the excavation area is reasonably laid out, thereby avoiding the need to frequently swing the first swing arm and the second swing arm simultaneously during the excavation process.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the suction head is rotatably connected to the second swing arm, and after the excavation of the blade foot is completed, the following steps are also included:

[0049] Step S33: excavation of the side blind area: the sliding seat drives the excavation main machine to move to the edge of the combined track, and the suction head swings relative to the second swing arm to the side blind area in the well, thereby realizing the excavation of the side blind area.

[0050] In this embodiment, the above excavation process can reach some blind excavation areas in the bridge pile well, realize the excavation of the blind areas, and solve the problem of difficulty in excavating some blind areas in the well. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0052] The accompanying drawings described herein are only for explanation purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components in the figures are only schematic, used to help understand the present invention, and are not specifically limited to the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can select various possible shapes and proportional dimensions to implement the present invention according to the teachings of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the bridge pile of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the top view structure of the bridge pile of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the caisson boring machine of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the excavation main machine of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the main track of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the combined track of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the walking mechanism of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0061] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamp of the present invention;

[0062] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of excavation in a well in the caisson construction method of the present invention;

[0063] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of blade foot excavation in the caisson construction method of the present invention;

[0064] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the side blind area excavation in the caisson construction method described in the present invention.

[0065] Description of reference numerals:

[0066] 10. Bridge piles; 11. Bridge pile wells;

[0067] 20. Main track; 21. Docking port; 22. Lowering track; 23. Combined track; 231. Upward walking beam; 232. Downward walking beam;

[0068] 30. Excavation machine; 31. Block track; 32. Sliding seat; 33. First swing arm; 331. First oil cylinder; 34. Second swing arm; 341. Second oil cylinder; 35. Cutting suction head; 351. Third oil cylinder; 36. Travel mechanism; 361. Vertical travel wheel; 362. Horizontal travel wheel; 363. Anti-overturning heavy-duty travel bearing; 37. Clamping mechanism; 371. Clamp; 372. Clamping seat; 373. Clamping arm; 374. Clamping oil cylinder; 375. Clamping travel wheel;

[0069] 40. Pipeline conveying mechanism; 41. Slag discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0071] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to be the only embodiment.

[0072] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the present invention. The terms used herein in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0073] Implementation method 1:

[0074] In this embodiment, the bridge pile 10 is taken as an example to be described.

[0075] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the present invention provides a caisson boring machine, which is used for excavating a bridge pile well 11 formed in a bridge pile 10. The caisson boring machine includes: at least one main track 20, which is arranged on the side wall of the bridge pile well 11; at least one excavation main machine 30, which includes: a block track 31, which can be connected with the main track 20 to form a combined track 23; a sliding seat 32, which is movably connected to the block track 31; a first swing arm 33, which is rotatably connected to the sliding seat 32; a second swing arm 34, which is rotatably connected to the first swing arm 33, and the end of the first swing arm 33 is connected to a suction head 35, and the suction head 35 is connected to a slag discharge pipe 41; when the block track 31 is connected to the main track 20, the sliding seat 32 on the excavation main machine 30 can slide along the combined track 23 to realize the excavation of the bridge pile well 11.

[0076] The caisson boring machine of the present invention is suitable for soil formations such as silt, sand, clay, and cemented soil; the whole machine is designed to be lightweight; the whole machine can be quickly disassembled and assembled to enter and exit the well; it has the advantages of small footprint, less excavation, low cost, high efficiency, and strong adaptability; it can control costs, ensure quality, and improve work efficiency.

[0077] The specific structure of each part of the caisson boring machine of the present invention, as well as the position and connection relationship between the parts will be described in detail below.

[0078] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, it shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a large bridge pile 10. The bridge pile 10 is formed by prefabricating a steel structure, and a plurality of bridge pile wells 11 are formed inside the bridge pile 10. The cross-section of the bridge pile well 11 can be in various shapes. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the bridge pile well 11 is rectangular. In the process of forming a bridge pier using the bridge pile 10, the entry point of the bridge pile 10 is first selected, and then the bridge pile 10 is lowered into the ground. Since the bridge pile well 11 needs to be filled with concrete for reinforcement, it is necessary to excavate the mud and sand that enters the bridge pile well 11 from the bottom during the lowering process. The tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is used for the excavation of the bridge pile well 11 during the bridge pier forming process.

[0079] The caisson boring machine of the present invention has a main track 20, which is fixed on the inner wall of the bridge pile well 11. Before the bridge pile 10 is lowered into the ground, the main track 20 needs to be pre-buried on the side wall of the corresponding position of the bridge pile well 11, so that it can be lowered into the ground together with the bridge pile 10. The main track 20 needs to be pre-fixed in each bridge pile well 11.

[0080] In this embodiment, the main track 20 is a long steel rail; multiple main tracks 20 can be provided according to the actual excavation needs. For example, in this embodiment, a long steel rail is provided on two opposite sides of the bridge pile well 11. In other embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the main track 20 can be designed according to the cross-sectional shape of the bridge pile well 11. If the cross-sectional shape of the bridge pile well 11 is circular, the main track 20 is an arc track.

[0081] The caisson boring machine of the present invention also has an excavation main machine 30, which can be used in conjunction with the main track 20 to realize the excavation operation of the bridge pile well 11. According to the needs of the actual excavation operation, the number of excavation main machines 30 set on each main track 20 can be one or more.

[0082] In order to achieve the docking of the excavation main machine 30 with the main track 20, a block track 31 is provided on the excavation main machine. After the excavation main machine 30 is hoisted to the position of the main track 20, the block track 31 is docked with the main track 20 to form a complete combined track 23. In order to achieve the sliding of the excavation main machine 30 on the combined track 23, a sliding seat 32 that can slide with the combined track 23 is provided on the excavation main machine 30. Before the block track 31 is docked with the main track 20, the block track 31 is locked with the sliding seat 32, and the sliding seat 32 cannot slide on the block track 31.

[0083] Furthermore, a first swing arm 33 is connected to the side of the sliding seat 32 away from the block track 31 through a rotating shaft, and a first oil cylinder 331 is connected between the first swing arm 33 and the sliding seat 32, and the first oil cylinder 331 can drive the first swing arm 33 to rotate along the above-mentioned rotating shaft. The end of the first swing arm 33 is connected to the second swing arm 34 through a rotating shaft, and a second oil cylinder 341 is connected between the second swing arm 34 and the first swing arm 33, and the second oil cylinder 341 can drive the second swing arm 34 to rotate relative to the first swing arm 33. The end of the second swing arm 34 is connected to a suction head 35, which has a suction drum and a suction motor that drives the suction drum to rotate, and the suction head 35 is connected to a slag discharge pipe 41, and the other end of the slag discharge pipe 41 is connected to a pipeline conveying mechanism 40 set at the wellhead; when excavating, the mud residue at the suction head 35 can be discharged to the wellhead through the slag discharge pipe 41. The wellhead is also provided with supporting equipment such as a main control room, a hydraulic pump station, and a control cabinet. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the suction head can be replaced by an excavation head such as a transverse axis or longitudinal axis cutting drum that can achieve local excavation.

[0084] The structure and technical effects of the preferred embodiment of the caisson boring machine of the present invention will be further described below.

[0085] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the rotation axis of the first swing arm 33 is parallel to the rotation axis of the second swing arm 34. The two parallel rotation axes can conveniently move the suction head 35 connected to the end of the second swing arm 34 to any position within a predetermined range on a plane.

[0086] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the winch suction head 35 is rotatably connected to the second swing arm 34, and the rotation axis of the winch suction head 35 is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the second swing arm 34. The winch suction head 35 is connected to the second swing arm 34 through the third oil cylinder 351, and the winch suction head 35 can swing relative to the second swing arm 34 in a direction different from the swing direction of the second swing arm 34, so that the winch suction head 35 can reach a part of the excavation blind area in the bridge pile 10, thereby realizing the excavation of the blind area.

[0087] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, at least one docking port 21 is provided on the main track 20, and the block track 31 can be inserted into the docking port 21 to connect with the main track 20. The setting of the docking port 21 facilitates the docking process between the main track 20 and the block track 31.

[0088] Specifically, Figure 5As shown, the docking port 21 is a gap formed on the main track 20, and the block track 31 provided on the gap is equivalent to repairing the main track 20, thereby forming a complete combined track 23. Preferably, in order to improve the excavation efficiency, when a plurality of excavation hosts 30 need to be carried on a main track 20, a corresponding number of docking ports 21 need to be provided on the main track 20.

[0089] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, a lowering track 22 is also provided on the side wall of the bridge pile well 11, one end of the lowering track 22 is located at the wellhead, and the other end of the lowering track 22 extends to the docking port 21. The block track 31 on the excavation main machine 30 can be slidably clamped on the lowering track 22, and lowered from the wellhead to the docking port 21 along the lowering track 22.

[0090] By lowering the track 22 to limit the posture of the excavation main machine 30 during the hoisting process, the block track 31 on the excavation main machine 30 and the main track 20 can be smoothly docked, avoiding the need to adjust the posture of the excavation main machine 30 and improving the docking efficiency.

[0091] Specifically, the lowering track 22 is similar to the main track 20 and also needs to be fixed on the inner wall of the bridge pile well 11 before the bridge pile 10 is lowered into the ground. In order to save costs, the lowering track 22 is usually a steel rail extending in the vertical direction.

[0092] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a docking mechanism is provided between the docking port 21 and the block rail 31, and the docking mechanism includes a card slot and a retractable card block; the card slot is provided on the docking port 21, and the retractable card block is provided on the block rail 31; or, the card slot is provided on the block rail 31, and the retractable card block is provided on the docking port 21; when the block rail 31 is located in the docking port 21, the retractable card block extends out and is embedded in the card slot.

[0093] The docking mechanism can realize the connection between the main track 20 and the block track 31, ensure the firmness of the connection between the two, and avoid track misalignment.

[0094] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 As shown, a traveling mechanism 36 is provided on the sliding seat 32, and the traveling mechanism 36 has a vertical traveling wheel 361, a transverse traveling wheel 362 and an anti-overturning heavy-load traveling bearing 363 arranged on the sliding seat 32; the combined track 23 includes an upper traveling beam 231 and a lower traveling beam 232 which are opposite to each other and parallel to each other, the vertical traveling wheel 361 and the transverse traveling wheel 362 are in rolling contact with two rolling surfaces adjacent to the lower traveling beam 232 respectively, and the anti-overturning heavy-load traveling bearing 363 is in rolling contact with the upper traveling beam 231.

[0095] The horizontal walking wheels 362 and the vertical walking wheels 361 can improve the rolling stability of the sliding seat 32 on the combined track 23; the anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearing 363 can ensure the firmness of the matching connection between the excavation main machine 30 and the combined track 23, and prevent the excavation main machine 30 from falling off the combined track 23.

[0096] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a clamping mechanism 37 is provided on the sliding seat 32, and the combined track 23 includes an upper walking beam 231 and a lower walking beam 232 which are opposite and parallel to each other. The clamping mechanism 37 has two groups of clamps 371 which can be clamped on the upper walking beam 231 and the lower walking beam 232 respectively. Each group of clamps 371 is provided with at least one clamp 371. The clamp 371 includes: a clamp seat 372 connected to the sliding seat 32; two clamp arms 373, the middle parts of the two clamp arms 373 are respectively hinged on the upper and lower sides of the clamp seat 372; and a clamping cylinder 374 connected between the two clamp arms 373, and the ends of the two clamp arms 373 away from the clamping cylinder 374 are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the upper walking beam 231 or the lower walking beam 232. The clamp 371 can be clamped and locked when the excavation host 30 is performing excavation operations to resist the reaction force generated by excavation.

[0097] Specifically, in this embodiment, two clamps 371 are provided at corresponding positions of the upper walking beam 231 and the lower walking beam 232. Before the block track 31 is docked with the main track 20, each clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamps the block track 31; during excavation, after the sliding seat 32 moves into position on the combined track 23, each clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 also clamps the corresponding walking beam to prevent the position of the excavation main machine 30 from changing during the excavation process.

[0098] Better, such as Fig. 9 As shown, a clamping wheel 375 is provided on one side of the clamping seat 372 facing the upper walking beam 231 or the lower walking beam 232, and the clamping wheel 375 can roll on the upper walking beam 231 or the lower walking beam 232. When the sliding seat 32 slides on the combined track 23, the clamping wheel 375 on the clamping seat 372 can also roll on the combined track 23, thereby improving the stability of the cooperation between the clamp 371 and the combined track 23 and avoiding interference between the two.

[0099] Implementation method 2:

[0100] In this embodiment, the bridge pile 10 is taken as an example to be described.

[0101] The present invention also provides a caisson construction method, which is implemented by using the caisson boring machine as described in the first embodiment, and the construction method comprises the following steps:

[0102] Step S1: pre-embed the main track 20 on the side wall of the bridge pile well 11 in the bridge pile 10 and sink the bridge pile 10 into the ground.

[0103] When the bridge pile 10 is manufactured and formed, the main track 20 is pre-buried in a predetermined position on the side wall of the bridge pile well 11, so that the main track 20 can be lowered into the ground together with the bridge pile 10, and the mud residue underground can enter the bridge pile well 11 through the opening at the bottom blade of the bridge pile 10.

[0104] Step S2: lower the excavation machine 30 into the bridge pile well 11 and connect the block track 31 with the main track 20 .

[0105] The clamps 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamp the segmented rails 31, then the excavation host 30 is lifted to the docking port 21 of the main rail 20, and the segmented rail card on the excavation host 30 is embedded in the docking port 21, after which the retractable card block in the docking mechanism extends out and is embedded in the card slot to connect the main rail 20 and the segmented rail 31.

[0106] Step S3: Start the excavation main machine 30, and through the sliding of the sliding seat 32, the swinging of the first swing arm 33 and the swinging of the second swing arm 34, the suction head 35 is moved to different positions in the bridge pile well 11 for excavation.

[0107] After the docking is completed, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to move to the specified position through the walking mechanism 36, and then the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamps the track at the position to achieve position locking, and then the position of the suction head 35 is changed by the swing of the first swing arm 33 and the second swing arm 34, and the mud and slag are extracted through the slag discharge pipe 41 at different positions; after the excavation operation at the position is completed, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to move to another position through the walking mechanism 36, and then the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamps the track again, and the above-mentioned mud and slag extraction process is repeated until the excavation operation in the entire bridge pile well 11 is completed.

[0108] Step S4: After the excavation of one bridge pile well 11 is completed, the excavation host machine 30 is hoisted into the next bridge pile well 11 , and the above steps S2 and S3 are repeated until the excavation operation of all bridge pile wells 11 in the bridge pile 10 is completed.

[0109] The caisson construction method of the present invention is suitable for soil formations such as silt, sand, clay, and cemented soil; the whole machine is lightweight in design; the whole machine can be quickly disassembled and assembled to enter and exit the well; it has the advantages of small footprint, less excavation, low cost, high efficiency, and strong adaptability.

[0110] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, the process of excavating different positions in the bridge pile well 11 includes the following steps:

[0111] Step S31: excavation in the well: the second swing arm 34 swings to drive the suction head 35 to rotate to different positions in the bridge pile well 11 to achieve excavation operations in the well.

[0112] like Fig.10 As shown, excavation work is first carried out in the well. After docking is completed, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to move to the specified position by the walking mechanism 36. Then the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is clamped to achieve position locking. After that, the position of the suction head 35 is changed by the swing of the second swing arm 34, and mud and slag are extracted through the slag discharge pipe 41 at different positions; after the excavation work at this position is completed, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to move to another position by the walking mechanism 36. Then the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamps the track again, and the above-mentioned mud and slag extraction process is repeated until the excavation work in the well is completed.

[0113] Step S32: excavation of the blade foot: the first swing arm 33 and the second swing arm 34 swing simultaneously to drive the suction head 35 to move to the blade foot of the bridge pile well 11 to realize the excavation operation of the blade foot.

[0114] like Fig.11 As shown, after the excavation work in the well is completed, the excavation work of the blade foot is carried out, the first swing arm 33 and the second swing arm 34 swing simultaneously to drive the suction head 35 to move to the blade foot of the bridge pile well 11, and the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to move to the specified position through the walking mechanism 36, and then the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is clamped to achieve position locking, and the mud and slag at the blade foot is extracted through the slag discharge pipe 41; after the excavation work at the blade foot is completed, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to move to another blade foot position through the walking mechanism 36, and then the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamps the track again, and the above-mentioned mud and slag extraction process is repeated until the excavation work of all blade feet is completed.

[0115] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Fig.12 As shown, the suction head 35 is rotatably connected to the second swing arm 34. After the blade foot excavation is completed, the following steps are also included:

[0116] Step S33: excavation of the side blind area: the sliding seat 32 drives the excavation main machine 30 to move to the edge of the combined track 23, and the winch head 35 swings relative to the second swing arm 34 to the side blind area in the well, thereby realizing the excavation of the side blind area. In the above excavation process, the swing of the winch head 35 can reach part of the excavation blind area in the bridge pile well 11, realize the excavation of the blind area, and solve the problem of difficulty in excavating some blind areas in the well.

[0117] After the excavation work of all the above steps is completed, that is, the excavation of a certain soil layer is completed, the bridge piles 10 are continuously lowered downward, and then the above construction process is repeated to complete the excavation work of the next soil layer.

[0118] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A caisson boring machine, used for excavating an excavation well formed in a well wall foundation previously sunk underground, characterized in that: The caisson boring machine comprises: At least one main track (20) is preset on the inner side wall of the well wall foundation; At least one excavation host (30), comprising: A block track (31) capable of docking with the main track (20) to form a combined track (23); A sliding seat (32) movably connected to the block track (31); A first swing arm (33) rotatably connected to the sliding seat (32); A second swing arm (34) is rotatably connected to the first swing arm (33); a tail end of the first swing arm (33) is connected to a suction head (35); and the suction head (35) is connected to a slag discharge pipe (41); When the block track (31) is in contact with the main track (20), the sliding seat (32) on the excavation main machine (30) can slide along the combined track (23) to realize excavation of the excavation well.

2. The caisson boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The well wall foundation is a bridge pile (10), and the excavated well is a bridge pile well (11) formed in the bridge pile (10).

3. The caisson boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation axis of the first swing arm (33) is parallel to the rotation axis of the second swing arm (34).

4. The caisson boring machine according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The suction head (35) is rotatably connected to the second swing arm (34), and the rotation axis of the suction head (35) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the second swing arm (34).

5. The caisson boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one docking port (21) is provided on the main track (20), and the block track (31) can be inserted into the docking port (21) to dock with the main track (20).

6. The caisson boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lowering track (22) is also provided on the inner side wall of the well wall foundation, one end of the lowering track (22) is located at the well head, and the other end of the lowering track (22) extends to the docking port (21); the block track (31) on the excavation main machine (30) is slidably mounted on the lowering track (22) and is lowered from the well head to the docking port (21) along the lowering track (22).

7. The caisson boring machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A docking mechanism is provided between the docking port (21) and the block track (31), and the docking mechanism comprises a card slot and a retractable card block; The card slot is provided on the docking port (21), and the retractable card block is provided on the block track (31); or, the card slot is provided on the block track (31), and the retractable card block is provided on the docking port (21); When the block track (31) is located in the docking port (21), the retractable card block extends out and is inserted into the card slot.

8. The caisson boring machine according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The sliding seat (32) is provided with a walking mechanism (36), and the walking mechanism (36) comprises a vertical walking wheel (361), a transverse walking wheel (362) and an anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearing (363) arranged on the sliding seat (32); the combined track (23) comprises an upper walking beam (231) and a lower walking beam (232) which are opposite to each other and parallel to each other, the vertical walking wheel (361) and the transverse walking wheel (362) are in rolling contact with two rolling surfaces adjacent to the lower walking beam (232), and the anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearing (363) is in rolling contact with the upper walking beam (231).

9. The caisson boring machine according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The sliding seat (32) is provided with a clamping mechanism (37), the combined track (23) comprises an upper walking beam (231) and a lower walking beam (232) which are opposite to each other and parallel to each other, the clamping mechanism (37) comprises two groups of clamps (371) which can be clamped on the upper walking beam (231) and the lower walking beam (232) respectively, each group of clamps (371) is provided with at least one clamp (371), and the clamps (371) comprise: A clamping seat (372) connected to the sliding seat (32); Two clamping arms (373), wherein the middle parts of the two clamping arms (373) are respectively hinged to the upper and lower sides of the clamping seat (372); The clamping cylinder (374) is connected between the two clamping arms (373), and the ends of the two clamping arms (373) away from the clamping cylinder (374) are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the upper walking beam (231) or the lower walking beam (232).

10. The caisson boring machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: A clamping wheel (375) is provided on one side of the clamping seat (372) facing the upper walking beam (231) or the lower walking beam (232); the clamping wheel (375) can roll on the upper walking beam (231) or the lower walking beam (232).

11. A caisson construction method, characterized in that: The construction method is implemented by using a caisson boring machine as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, and the construction method comprises: Pre-embedding a main track (20) on the inner side wall of a well wall foundation, and sinking the well wall foundation into the ground to form at least one excavated well in the well wall foundation; Lowering the excavation main machine (30) into the excavation well and docking the block track (31) with the main track (20); The excavation main machine (30) is started, and the suction head (35) is moved to different positions in the excavation well for excavation through the sliding of the sliding seat (32), the swinging of the first swing arm (33) and the swinging of the second swing arm (34); After the excavation of one excavation well is completed, the excavation main machine (30) is hoisted into the next excavation well, and the above docking and excavation operations are repeated until the excavation of all excavation wells in the well wall foundation is completed.

12. The caisson construction method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The well wall foundation is a bridge pile (10), and the excavated well is a bridge pile well (11) formed in the bridge pile (10).

13. The caisson construction method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The process of excavating different positions in the bridge pile well (11) includes: Excavation in the well: the second swing arm (34) swings to drive the suction head (35) to rotate to different positions in the bridge pile well (11), thereby realizing excavation operations in the well; Blade foot excavation: the first swing arm (33) and the second swing arm (34) swing simultaneously to drive the suction head (35) to move to the blade foot of the bridge pile well (11), thereby realizing the excavation operation on the blade foot.

14. The caisson construction method according to claim 13, characterized in that: The suction head (35) is rotatably connected to the second swing arm (34); After the blade foot excavation is completed, the following steps are also included: Excavation of the side blind area: the sliding seat (32) drives the excavation main machine (30) to move to the edge of the combined track (23), and the suction head (35) swings relative to the second swing arm (34) to the side blind area in the well, thereby realizing the excavation of the side blind area.

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