Caisson excavating machine and caisson construction method

Abstract

The present application relates to a sinking well tunneling device, and discloses a sinking well tunneling machine and a sinking well construction method, which are used for excavating a sinking well formed in a well wall foundation previously lowered into the ground. The sinking well tunneling machine comprises at least one main track preset on the inner side wall of the well wall foundation, at least one excavation main machine, a block track capable of being connected with the main track to form a combined track, a sliding seat movably connected with the block track, a first swing arm rotatably connected with the sliding seat, and a second swing arm rotatably connected with the first swing arm. A cutter suction head is connected with the end of the first swing arm, and a slag discharge pipe is connected with the cutter suction head. In the state that the block track is connected with the main track, the sliding seat on the excavation main machine can slide along the combined track to realize the excavation of the sinking well. The present application can solve the problems of large excavation blind area and low construction efficiency in the existing bridge pile well excavation process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of caisson driving equipment, in particular to a caisson driving machine and a caisson construction method. BACKGROUND

[0002] The construction process of a large bridge pile is as follows: first, a pre-manufactured bridge pile is lowered into the ground, and then a plurality of bridge pile wells formed in the bridge pile are excavated.

[0003] For the excavation of the bridge pile well, the existing construction methods include hydraulic grab soil, suction robot, single-head suction machine and double-head suction machine, etc. However, the existing construction methods have the problems of insufficient reliability, low construction efficiency, large excavation blind area, difficult control of excavation contour, large occupied space, and heavy equipment, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to design and develop a new type of caisson construction equipment for efficient excavation of the bridge pile well. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a caisson driving machine and a caisson construction method to solve the problems of large excavation blind area and low construction efficiency in the existing bridge pile well excavation process.

[0005] The above technical purpose of the present application is mainly achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, the present application provides a caisson driving machine for excavating an excavation well formed in a well wall foundation previously lowered into the ground, the caisson driving machine comprising:

[0007] At least one main track is pre-set on the inner side wall of the well wall foundation;

[0008] At least one excavation main machine comprising:

[0009] A sub-track can be connected to the main track to form a combined track;

[0010] A sliding seat is movably connected to the sub-track;

[0011] A first swing arm is rotatably connected to the sliding seat;

[0012] A second swing arm is rotatably connected to the first swing arm, the distal end of the first swing arm is connected to a suction head, and the suction head is connected to a slag discharge pipe;

[0013] In the state that the sub-track is connected to the main track, the sliding seat on the excavation main machine can slide along the combined track to realize excavation operation at different positions of the excavation well.

[0014] The caisson driving machine is suitable for silt, sandy soil, clay, cemented soil and other soil layers, has light-weight design, meets the requirements of quick disassembly and assembly of the whole machine, has the advantages of small occupation area, less excavation, low cost, high efficiency and strong adaptability, and can achieve cost control, quality protection and work efficiency improvement.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the well wall foundation is a bridge pile, and the excavation well is a bridge pile well formed in the bridge pile.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the rotation axis of the first swing arm is parallel to the rotation axis of the second swing arm.

[0017] In the present embodiment, the two parallel rotation axes can conveniently move the connecting cutter head at the end of the second swing arm to any position within a predetermined range in a plane.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the cutter head is rotatably connected to the second swing arm, and the rotation axis of the cutter head is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the second swing arm.

[0019] In the present embodiment, the cutter head can swing in a direction different from the swinging direction of the second swing arm, and the cutter head can reach the blind area in the bridge pile to realize excavation of the blind area.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, at least one docking interface is arranged on the main track, and the sub-track can be clamped into the docking interface to be docked with the main track.

[0021] In the present embodiment, the docking interface can conveniently dock the main track and the sub-track.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a lowering track is further arranged on the inner side wall of the well wall foundation, one end of the lowering track is located at the well mouth, the other end of the lowering track extends to the docking interface, and the sub-track on the excavation main machine is slidably clamped on the lowering track and lowered along the lowering track from the well mouth to the docking interface.

[0023] In the present embodiment, the lowering track limits the posture of the excavation main machine during hoisting, so that the sub-track on the excavation main machine and the main track are smoothly docked, and adjustment of the posture of the excavation main machine is avoided, thereby improving the docking efficiency.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, a docking mechanism is arranged between the docking interface and the sub-track, and the docking mechanism includes a clamping groove and a telescopic clamping block.

[0025] The clamping groove is arranged on the docking interface, and the telescopic clamping block is arranged on the sub-track; or the clamping groove is arranged on the sub-track, and the telescopic clamping block is arranged on the docking interface.

[0026] In the state that the sub-track is located in the docking interface, the telescopic clamping block is extended and clamped into the clamping groove.

[0027] In the embodiment, the docking mechanism can realize the connection between the main track and the sub-track, ensure the firmness of the connection between the main track and the sub-track, and avoid track misalignment.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the sliding seat is provided with a walking mechanism, the walking mechanism has vertical walking wheels, transverse walking wheels and anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearings arranged on the sliding seat; the combined track includes upper and lower walking beams that are opposite and parallel to each other, the vertical walking wheels and the transverse walking wheels are in rolling contact with two adjacent rolling surfaces of the lower walking beam respectively, and the anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearings are in rolling contact with the upper walking beam.

[0029] In the embodiment, the transverse walking wheels and the vertical walking wheels can improve the stability of the sliding seat rolling on the combined track; and the anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearings can ensure the firmness of the matching connection between the excavation main machine and the combined track, and avoid the excavation main machine from falling off the main track.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the sliding seat is provided with a clamping mechanism, the combined track includes upper and lower walking beams that are opposite and parallel to each other, the clamping mechanism has two groups of clamping jaws that can be clamped on the upper walking beam and the lower walking beam respectively, each group of clamping jaws is provided with at least one clamping jaw, and the clamping jaw includes:

[0031] a clamping seat connected to the sliding seat;

[0032] two clamping arms, the middle parts of the two clamping arms are respectively hinged to the upper and lower sides of the clamping seat;

[0033] a clamping oil cylinder connected between the two clamping arms, and the ends of the two clamping arms away from the clamping oil cylinder are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the upper walking beam or the lower walking beam.

[0034] In the embodiment, the clamping jaw can be clamped and locked when the excavation main machine is performing the excavation operation, so as to resist the counterforce generated by the excavation.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, one side of the clamping seat towards the upper walking beam or the lower walking beam is provided with a clamping walking wheel, and the clamping walking wheel can roll on the upper walking beam or the lower walking beam.

[0036] In this embodiment, when the sliding seat slides on the combined track, the clamping wheels on the clamping seat can also roll on the combined track, thereby improving the stability of the cooperation between the clamp and the combined track and avoiding interference between the two.

[0037] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a caisson construction method, which is implemented using the caisson tunneling machine described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0038] Step S1: pre-embedding a main track on the inner wall of a well wall foundation, and sinking the well wall foundation into the ground to form at least one excavated well in the well wall foundation;

[0039] Step S2: lowering the excavation main unit into the excavation well and docking the block track with the main track;

[0040] Step S3: starting the excavation main machine, and moving the cutting suction head to different positions in the excavation well for excavation through the sliding of the sliding seat, the swinging of the first swing arm, and the swinging of the second swing arm;

[0041] Step S4: After completing the excavation of one excavation well, the excavation main machine is hoisted into the next excavation well, and the above steps S2 and S3 are repeated until the operation of all excavation wells in the well wall foundation is completed.

[0042] The caisson construction method described in the present invention is suitable for soil formations such as silt, sand, clay, and cemented soil; the entire machine is lightweight in design; the entire machine can be quickly disassembled and assembled to enter and exit the well; it has the advantages of small footprint, less excavation, low cost, high efficiency, and strong adaptability.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the well wall foundation is a bridge pile, and the excavated well is a bridge pile well formed in the bridge pile.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the process of excavating different positions in the bridge pile well includes the following steps:

[0045] Step S31: Excavation in the well: The second swing arm swings to drive the suction head to rotate to different positions in the bridge pile well to realize the excavation operation in the well;

[0046] Step S32: excavating the blade foot: the first swing arm and the second swing arm swing simultaneously to drive the suction head to move to the blade foot of the pile well to perform excavation operation on the blade foot.

[0047] In this embodiment, the well and the blade foot position are excavated successively, and the excavation area is reasonably arranged, thereby avoiding the need to frequently swing the first swing arm and the second swing arm simultaneously during the excavation process.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the dredging head is rotatably connected to the second swing arm, and after the blade foot excavation is completed, the method further comprises the following steps:

[0049] Step S33: side blind area excavation. The sliding seat drives the excavation main machine to move to the edge of the combined track, and the dredging head swings to the side blind area in the well relative to the second swing arm, thereby realizing the excavation of the side blind area.

[0050] In the present embodiment, the above-mentioned excavation process can reach part of the blind area in the bridge pile well, realize the excavation of the blind area, and solve the problem of difficult excavation of part of the blind area in the well. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0051] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort. In the drawings:

[0052] The drawings described herein are for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application in any way. In addition, the shapes and scale sizes of the components in the drawings are only illustrative, and are used to help understand the present application, and are not specific limitations on the shapes and scale sizes of the components in the present application. Those skilled in the art can select various possible shapes and scale sizes to implement the present application according to specific circumstances under the guidance of the present application.

[0053] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional structure schematic view of the bridge pile of the present application;

[0054] Figure 2 is a top view structure schematic view of the bridge pile of the present application;

[0055] Figure 3 is a structure schematic view of the caisson excavating machine of the present application;

[0056] Figure 4 is a structure schematic view of the excavation main machine of the present application;

[0057] Figure 5 is a structure schematic view of the main track of the present application;

[0058] Figure 6 is a structure schematic view of the combined track of the present application;

[0059] Figure 7 is a structure schematic view of the walking mechanism of the present application;

[0060] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present application;

[0061] Figure 9 Structure diagram of the clamp of the present application;

[0062] Figure 10 Structure diagram of the excavation in the well in the well sinking construction method of the present application;

[0063] Figure 11 Structure diagram of the cutting edge excavation in the well sinking construction method of the present application;

[0064] Figure 12 Structure diagram of the side blind area excavation in the well sinking construction method of the present application.

[0065] Explanation of the reference signs:

[0066] 10, bridge pile; 11, bridge pile well;

[0067] 20, main track; 21, butt joint; 22, lowering track; 23, combined track; 231, upper walking beam; 232, lower walking beam;

[0068] 30, excavation main machine; 31, block track; 32, sliding seat; 33, first swing arm; 331, first oil cylinder; 34, second swing arm; 341, second oil cylinder; 35, cutter suction head; 351, third oil cylinder; 36, walking mechanism; 361, vertical walking wheel; 362, transverse walking wheel; 363, anti-overturning heavy load walking bearing; 37, clamping mechanism; 371, clamp; 372, clamping seat; 373, clamping arm; 374, clamping oil cylinder; 375, clamping walking wheel;

[0069] 40, pipeline conveying mechanism; 41, slag outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0070] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0071] It is to be noted that when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements can also be present. Where, when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element, or intervening elements can be also present. As used herein the terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions are used for explanation only and are not intended to be limiting.

[0072] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description of the application herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0073] Embodiment one:

[0074] In the present embodiment, the bridge pile 10 is taken as an example of the well wall foundation.

[0075] As shown in Figures 1 to 6 The present application provides a caisson excavator for the excavation of a bridge pile well 11 formed in a bridge pile 10, the caisson excavator comprising: at least one main track 20 arranged on the side wall of the bridge pile well 11; at least one excavation main machine 30 comprising: a sectional track 31 capable of being butted against the main track 20 to form a combined track 23; a sliding seat 32 movably connected to the sectional track 31; a first swing arm 33 rotatably connected to the sliding seat 32; a second swing arm 34 rotatably connected to the first swing arm 33, the end of the first swing arm 33 being connected to a cutter suction head 35, the cutter suction head 35 being connected to a slag discharge pipe 41; in the state that the sectional track 31 is butted against the main track 20, the sliding seat 32 on the excavation main machine 30 is capable of sliding along the combined track 23 to realize the excavation of the bridge pile well 11.

[0076] The caisson excavator of the present application is suitable for silt, sandy soil, clay, cemented soil and other soil layers; the whole machine is lightweight; the whole machine can be quickly disassembled, assembled, in and out of the well; has the advantages of small occupation, less excavation, low cost, high efficiency and strong adaptability; can control cost, ensure quality and improve work efficiency.

[0077] The specific structure of each part of the caisson excavator of the present application and the position and connection relationship between the parts will be described in detail below.

[0078] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a schematic diagram of the structure of a large bridge pile 10 is shown. The pile 10 is prefabricated from a steel structure and has multiple pile wells 11 formed therein. The cross-section of the pile wells 11 can have various shapes. In this embodiment, the cross-section of the pile wells 11 is rectangular. During the process of forming a bridge pier using the pile 10, the insertion point of the pile 10 is first selected, and then the pile 10 is lowered into the ground. Since the pile wells 11 need to be filled with concrete for reinforcement, it is necessary to excavate the sediment that enters the pile wells 11 from the bottom during the lowering process. The tunnel boring machine provided by the present invention is used for excavating the pile wells 11 during the pier forming process.

[0079] The caisson boring machine of the present invention has a main track 20, which is fixed to the inner wall of the pile well 11. Before the pile 10 is lowered into the ground, the main track 20 needs to be pre-buried in the side wall of the pile well 11 at the corresponding position, so that it can be lowered into the ground along with the pile 10. The main track 20 needs to be pre-fixed in each pile well 11.

[0080] In this embodiment, the main track 20 is a long steel rail. Multiple main tracks 20 can be provided based on actual excavation needs. For example, in this embodiment, a long steel rail is provided on each of two opposing sides of the pile well 11. In other embodiments of the present invention, the shape of the main track 20 can be designed based on the cross-sectional shape of the pile well 11. If the cross-section of the pile well 11 is circular, the main track 20 can be a curved track.

[0081] The caisson boring machine of the present invention further comprises an excavation main unit 30, which can be used in conjunction with the main track 20 to excavate the bridge pile well 11. Depending on the actual excavation needs, the number of excavation main units 30 provided on each main track 20 can be one or more.

[0082] To achieve docking between the excavation machine 30 and the main track 20, the tunneling machine is equipped with a segmented track 31. After the excavation machine 30 is hoisted to the main track 20, the segmented track 31 is docked with the main track 20 to form a complete combined track 23. To enable the excavation machine 30 to slide on the combined track 23, the excavation machine 30 is equipped with a sliding seat 32 that can slide with the combined track 23. Before the segmented track 31 is docked with the main track 20, the segmented track 31 and the sliding seat 32 are locked, and the sliding seat 32 cannot slide on the segmented track 31.

[0083] Furthermore, a first swing arm 33 is connected to the side of the sliding seat 32 away from the segmented track 31 via a rotating shaft. A first oil cylinder 331 is connected between the first swing arm 33 and the sliding seat 32, and the first oil cylinder 331 can drive the first swing arm 33 to rotate along the rotating shaft. The end of the first swing arm 33 is connected to a second swing arm 34 via a rotating shaft. A second oil cylinder 341 is connected between the second swing arm 34 and the first swing arm 33, and the second oil cylinder 341 can drive the second swing arm 34 to rotate relative to the first swing arm 33. The end of the second swing arm 34 is connected to a suction head 35, which includes a suction drum and a suction motor that drives the suction drum. The suction head 35 is connected to a slag discharge pipe 41, the other end of which is connected to a pipeline conveying mechanism 40 located at the wellhead. During excavation operations, mud and slag from the suction head 35 can be discharged to the wellhead through the slag discharge pipe 41. The wellhead is also equipped with a main control room, a hydraulic pump station, a control cabinet, and other supporting equipment. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the suction head can be replaced by an excavation head such as a horizontal axis or vertical axis cutting drum that can achieve local excavation.

[0084] The structure and technical effects of the preferred embodiment of the caisson boring machine of the present invention will be further described below.

[0085] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the rotation axis of the first swing arm 33 is parallel to the rotation axis of the second swing arm 34. The two parallel rotation axes can more conveniently move the suction head 35 connected to the end of the second swing arm 34 to any position within a predetermined range on a certain plane.

[0086] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the winch head 35 is rotatably connected to the second swing arm 34, with the rotation axis of the winch head 35 being perpendicular to the rotation axis of the second swing arm 34. The winch head 35 is connected to the second swing arm 34 via a third oil cylinder 351. The winch head 35 can swing relative to the second swing arm 34 in a direction different from the swing direction of the second swing arm 34, allowing the winch head 35 to reach a portion of the blind area within the bridge pile 10, thereby achieving excavation of the blind area.

[0087] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, at least one docking port 21 is provided on the main track 20 , and the block track 31 can be inserted into the docking port 21 and connected to the main track 20 . The setting of the docking port 21 facilitates the docking process between the main track 20 and the block track 31 .

[0088] Specifically, such as Figure 5As shown, the docking port 21 is a gap formed on the main track 20. The segmented track 31 provided in this gap is equivalent to repairing the main track 20, thereby forming a complete combined track 23. Preferably, to improve excavation efficiency, when multiple excavation machines 30 need to be carried on a main track 20, a corresponding number of docking ports 21 need to be provided on the main track 20.

[0089] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, a lowering track 22 is also provided on the side wall of the bridge pile well 11. One end of the lowering track 22 is located at the wellhead, and the other end of the lowering track 22 extends to the docking port 21. The block track 31 on the excavation machine 30 can be slidably clamped on the lowering track 22 and lowered from the wellhead to the docking port 21 along the lowering track 22.

[0090] By lowering the track 22 to limit the posture of the excavation main machine 30 during the hoisting process, the block track 31 on the excavation main machine 30 and the main track 20 can be smoothly docked, avoiding the need to adjust the posture of the excavation main machine 30 and improving the docking efficiency.

[0091] Specifically, the lowering track 22 is similar to the main track 20 and also needs to be fixed on the inner wall of the pile well 11 before the pile 10 is lowered into the ground. In order to save costs, the lowering track 22 is usually a steel rail extending in the vertical direction.

[0092] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a docking mechanism is provided between the docking port 21 and the block rail 31, and the docking mechanism includes a card slot and a retractable card block; the card slot is provided on the docking port 21, and the retractable card block is provided on the block rail 31; or, the card slot is provided on the block rail 31, and the retractable card block is provided on the docking port 21; when the block rail 31 is located in the docking port 21, the retractable card block extends out and is embedded in the card slot.

[0093] The docking mechanism can realize the connection between the main track 20 and the block track 31, ensure the firmness of the connection between the two, and avoid track misalignment.

[0094] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 7 As shown, a traveling mechanism 36 is provided on the sliding seat 32, and the traveling mechanism 36 has vertical traveling wheels 361, transverse traveling wheels 362 and anti-overturning heavy-load traveling bearings 363 provided on the sliding seat 32; the combined track 23 includes an upper traveling beam 231 and a lower traveling beam 232 that are opposite to and parallel to each other, and the vertical traveling wheels 361 and the transverse traveling wheels 362 are in rolling contact with two rolling surfaces adjacent to the lower traveling beam 232 respectively, and the anti-overturning heavy-load traveling bearings 363 are in rolling contact with the upper traveling beam 231.

[0095] The horizontal walking wheels 362 and the vertical walking wheels 361 can improve the stability of the sliding seat 32 rolling on the combined track 23; the anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearing 363 can ensure the firmness of the fitting connection between the excavation main unit 30 and the combined track 23, and prevent the excavation main unit 30 from falling off the combined track 23.

[0096] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a clamping mechanism 37 is provided on the sliding seat 32. The combined track 23 includes an upper running beam 231 and a lower running beam 232 that are opposed and parallel to each other. The clamping mechanism 37 comprises two sets of clamps 371 that can be clamped onto the upper and lower running beams 231 and 232, respectively. Each set of clamps 371 includes at least one clamp 371. The clamps 371 include a clamping seat 372 connected to the sliding seat 32; two clamping arms 373, the middle portions of which are hinged to the upper and lower sides of the clamping seat 372, respectively; and a clamping cylinder 374 connected between the two clamping arms 373. The ends of the two clamping arms 373, which are distal to the clamping cylinder 374, are located on the upper and lower sides of the upper and lower running beams 231 and 232, respectively. The clamps 371 can be clamped and locked during excavation operations by the excavation machine 30 to resist the reaction force generated by excavation.

[0097] Specifically, in this embodiment, two clamps 371 are provided at corresponding positions on the upper and lower running beams 231 and 232. Before the segmented tracks 31 are docked with the main track 20, each clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamps the segmented tracks 31. During excavation, after the sliding seat 32 moves into position on the combined track 23, each clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 also clamps the corresponding running beam, preventing the position of the excavation machine 30 from shifting during excavation.

[0098] Better, such as Figure 9 As shown, a clamping wheel 375 is provided on the side of the clamping seat 372 facing the upper traveling beam 231 or the lower traveling beam 232. The clamping wheel 375 can roll on the upper traveling beam 231 or the lower traveling beam 232. When the sliding seat 32 slides on the combined rail 23, the clamping wheel 375 on the clamping seat 372 can also roll on the combined rail 23, thereby improving the stability of the cooperation between the clamp 371 and the combined rail 23 and avoiding interference between the two.

[0099] Implementation method 2:

[0100] In this embodiment, the bridge pile 10 is used as the well wall foundation as an example for description.

[0101] The present invention also provides a caisson construction method, which is implemented using the caisson boring machine described in the first embodiment. The construction method includes the following steps:

[0102] Step S1: pre-embed the main track 20 on the side wall of the pile well 11 in the bridge pile 10 and sink the bridge pile 10 into the ground.

[0103] When the bridge pile 10 is manufactured and formed, the main track 20 is pre-buried in a predetermined position on the side wall of the bridge pile well 11, so that the main track 20 can be lowered into the ground together with the bridge pile 10, and the mud and debris underground can enter the bridge pile well 11 through the opening at the bottom blade of the bridge pile 10.

[0104] Step S2: lowering the excavation machine 30 into the bridge pile well 11 and docking the segmented track 31 with the main track 20 .

[0105] The clamps 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamp the segmented rail 31, then the excavation host 30 is hoisted to the docking port 21 of the main rail 20, and the segmented rail card on the excavation host 30 is embedded in the docking port 21. After that, the retractable card block in the docking mechanism extends out and is embedded in the card slot to connect the main rail 20 and the segmented rail 31.

[0106] Step S3: The excavation machine 30 is started, and the cutting suction head 35 is moved to different positions in the pile well 11 for excavation through the sliding of the sliding seat 32, the swinging of the first swing arm 33 and the swinging of the second swing arm 34.

[0107] After the docking is completed, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to the specified position by the walking mechanism 36, and then the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamps the track at the position to achieve position locking, and then the position of the suction head 35 is changed by the swing of the first swing arm 33 and the second swing arm 34, and mud and slag are extracted through the slag discharge pipe 41 at different positions; after completing the excavation operation at the position, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to another position by the walking mechanism 36, and then the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamps the track again, and the above-mentioned mud and slag extraction process is repeated until the excavation operation in the entire bridge pile well 11 is completed.

[0108] Step S4: After the excavation of one bridge pile well 11 is completed, the excavation machine 30 is hoisted into the next bridge pile well 11 , and the above steps S2 and S3 are repeated until the excavation operation of all bridge pile wells 11 in the bridge pile 10 is completed.

[0109] The caisson construction method described in the present invention is suitable for soil formations such as silt, sand, clay, and cemented soil; the entire machine is lightweight in design; the entire machine can be quickly disassembled and assembled to enter and exit the well; it has the advantages of small footprint, less excavation, low cost, high efficiency, and strong adaptability.

[0110] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the process of excavating different positions in the bridge pile well 11 includes the following steps:

[0111] Step S31: excavation in the well: the second swing arm 34 swings to drive the suction head 35 to rotate to different positions in the bridge pile well 11 to achieve excavation operations in the well.

[0112] like Figure 10 As shown, excavation operations are first performed in the well. After docking is completed, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to the specified position by the traveling mechanism 36. Then, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is clamped to lock the position. After that, the position of the suction head 35 is changed by the swing of the second swing arm 34, and mud and slag are extracted through the slag discharge pipe 41 at different positions. After completing the excavation operation at that position, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to another position by the traveling mechanism 36. Then, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamps the track again, and the above-mentioned mud and slag extraction process is repeated until the excavation operation in the well is completed.

[0113] Step S32: excavation of the blade foot: the first swing arm 33 and the second swing arm 34 swing simultaneously to drive the suction head 35 to move to the blade foot of the bridge pile well 11 to realize the excavation operation of the blade foot.

[0114] like Figure 11 As shown, after the excavation operation in the well is completed, the excavation operation of the blade foot is carried out, and the first swing arm 33 and the second swing arm 34 swing simultaneously to drive the suction head 35 to move to the blade foot of the bridge pile well 11, and the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to move to the specified position through the walking mechanism 36, and then the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is clamped to achieve position locking, and the mud and slag at the blade foot is extracted through the slag discharge pipe 41; after the excavation operation at the blade foot is completed, the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 is released, and the excavation main machine 30 is driven to move to another blade foot position through the walking mechanism 36, and then the clamp 371 in the clamping mechanism 37 clamps the track again, and the above-mentioned mud and slag extraction process is repeated until the excavation operation of all blade feet is completed.

[0115] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 12 As shown, the suction head 35 is rotatably connected to the second swing arm 34. After the blade foot excavation is completed, the following steps are also included:

[0116] Step S33: Excavating the Lateral Blind Zone: The sliding base 32 drives the excavation machine 30 to the edge of the combined track 23. The winch head 35 swings relative to the second swing arm 34 to the lateral blind zone within the well, thereby excavating the lateral blind zone. During this excavation process, the swinging of the winch head 35 can reach a portion of the blind zone within the pile well 11, enabling excavation of the blind zone and resolving the difficulty of excavating certain blind zones within the well.

[0117] After completing the excavation operations of all the above steps, that is, completing the excavation of a certain soil layer, the bridge piles 10 are lowered downward, and then the above construction process is repeated to complete the excavation operation of the next soil layer.

[0118] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A caisson boring machine for excavating an excavation well formed in a well foundation previously sunk into the ground, characterized in that: The caisson boring machine comprises: At least one main track (20) is preset on the inner side wall of the well wall foundation; At least one excavation host (30), comprising: A block track (31) can be docked with the main track (20) to form a combined track (23); A sliding seat (32) movably connected to the block track (31); a first swing arm (33) rotatably connected to the sliding seat (32); A second swing arm (34) is rotatably connected to the first swing arm (33); a distal end of the first swing arm (33) is connected to a cutter suction head (35); and the cutter suction head (35) is connected to a slag discharge pipe (41); When the block track (31) is in contact with the main track (20), the sliding seat (32) on the excavation main machine (30) can slide along the combined track (23) to realize excavation of the excavation well; The sliding seat (32) is provided with a walking mechanism (36), and the walking mechanism (36) comprises a vertical walking wheel (361), a transverse walking wheel (362) and an anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearing (363) provided on the sliding seat (32); the combined track (23) comprises an upper walking beam (231) and a lower walking beam (232) which are opposite to each other and parallel to each other, the vertical walking wheel (361) and the transverse walking wheel (362) respectively rolling contact with two rolling surfaces adjacent to the lower walking beam (232), and the anti-overturning heavy-load walking bearing (363) rolling contact with the upper walking beam (231).

2. The caisson boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The well wall foundation is a bridge pile (10), and the excavated well is a bridge pile well (11) formed in the bridge pile (10).

3. The caisson boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotation axis of the first swing arm (33) is parallel to the rotation axis of the second swing arm (34).

4. The caisson boring machine according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: The suction head (35) is rotatably connected to the second swing arm (34), and the rotation axis of the suction head (35) is perpendicular to the rotation axis of the second swing arm (34).

5. The caisson boring machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one docking port (21) is provided on the main track (20), and the block track (31) can be inserted into the docking port (21) to dock with the main track (20).

6. The caisson boring machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A lowering track (22) is also provided on the inner side wall of the well wall foundation, one end of the lowering track (22) is located at the well head, and the other end of the lowering track (22) extends to the docking port (21), and the block track (31) on the excavation main machine (30) can be slidably mounted on the lowering track (22) and lowered from the well head to the docking port (21) along the lowering track (22).

7. The caisson boring machine according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that: A docking mechanism is provided between the docking port (21) and the block track (31), and the docking mechanism comprises a card slot and a retractable card block; The card slot is provided on the docking port (21), and the retractable card block is provided on the block track (31); or the card slot is provided on the block track (31), and the retractable card block is provided on the docking port (21); When the block track (31) is located in the docking port (21), the telescopic card block extends out and is inserted into the card slot.

8. The caisson boring machine according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The sliding seat (32) is provided with a clamping mechanism (37), the combined track (23) comprises an upper walking beam (231) and a lower walking beam (232) which are opposite to each other and parallel to each other, the clamping mechanism (37) comprises two groups of clamps (371) which can be respectively clamped on the upper walking beam (231) and the lower walking beam (232), each group of clamps (371) is provided with at least one clamp (371), and the clamps (371) comprise: A clamping seat (372) connected to the sliding seat (32); Two clamping arms (373), wherein the middle portions of the two clamping arms (373) are respectively hinged to the upper and lower sides of the clamping seat (372); The clamping oil cylinder (374) is connected between the two clamping arms (373), and the ends of the two clamping arms (373) away from the clamping oil cylinder (374) are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the upper walking beam (231) or the lower walking beam (232).

9. The caisson boring machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: A clamping wheel (375) is provided on one side of the clamping seat (372) facing the upper walking beam (231) or the lower walking beam (232), and the clamping wheel (375) can roll on the upper walking beam (231) or the lower walking beam (232).

10. A caisson construction method, characterized in that: The construction method is implemented using a caisson boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the construction method includes: Pre-embedding a main track (20) on the inner side wall of a well wall foundation, and sinking the well wall foundation into the ground to form at least one excavated well in the well wall foundation; Lowering the excavation main machine (30) into the excavation well and docking the block track (31) with the main track (20); The excavation main machine (30) is started, and the sliding seat (32) is slid, the first swing arm (33) is swung, and the second swing arm (34) is swung, so that the suction head (35) moves to different positions in the excavation well for excavation; After the excavation of one excavation well is completed, the excavation main machine (30) is hoisted into the next excavation well, and the above docking and excavation operations are repeated until the excavation of all excavation wells in the well wall foundation is completed.

11. The caisson construction method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The well wall foundation is a bridge pile (10), and the excavated well is a bridge pile well (11) formed in the bridge pile (10).

12. The caisson construction method according to claim 11, characterized in that: The process of excavating different positions in the bridge pile well (11) includes: Excavation in the well: the second swing arm (34) swings to drive the suction head (35) to rotate to different positions in the bridge pile well (11), thereby realizing excavation operations in the well; Blade foot excavation: the first swing arm (33) and the second swing arm (34) swing simultaneously to drive the suction head (35) to move to the blade foot of the bridge pile well (11), thereby realizing the excavation operation of the blade foot.

13. The caisson construction method according to claim 12, characterized in that: The suction head (35) is rotatably connected to the second swing arm (34); After the blade foot excavation is completed, the following steps are also included: Excavation of the side blind area: the sliding seat (32) drives the excavation main machine (30) to move to the edge of the combined track (23), and the suction head (35) swings relative to the second swing arm (34) to the side blind area in the well, thereby realizing excavation of the side blind area.

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