An ecological regulation method for improving the spawning rate of reservoirs producing sticky-eggs fish

Abstract

An ecological management method for improving the spawning rate of demersal fish in reservoirs involves constructing a slow-flow control system along both banks of the reservoir to create a comfortable spawning zone for the fish. This system is equipped with a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, an analysis and control system, and an ecological simulation layer for the spawning of demersal fish. The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the analysis and control system, and the slow-flow control system are used to regulate and adjust the ecological environment for fish spawning. This invention can predict and dynamically adjust based on weather conditions and unforeseen events such as dam opening and discharge, while avoiding the economic costs of real-time monitoring and the timeliness issues of instantaneous control and response. This optimizes the ecological management of the reservoir and promotes fish spawning.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aquatic ecological restoration technology, and specifically relates to an ecological scheduling method that can improve the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs. Background Technology

[0002] A reservoir is a reservoir and hydropower station built along a river or section of a river from upstream to downstream in a water conservancy and hydropower development plan to fully utilize water resources. This method is an important way to develop and utilize river water resources. While the continuous development of hydropower projects has driven rapid socio-economic development, it has also had a significant impact on the ecological environment for fish. Some fish species require specific water flow conditions to complete their reproductive process, and the construction of reservoirs may disrupt these conditions, thus hindering fish reproduction.

[0003] For example, the invention patent CN111395279B discloses an ecological scheduling system suitable for fish that lay adhesive eggs to migrate upstream. It uses a simulated reservoir bay wall to separate the slow-flowing water in the reservoir area from the flowing water regulated by the upstream tributaries. On one side of the simulated reservoir bay wall, it sets up habitat conditions to attract slow-flowing fish to spawn and reproduce, as well as a fish collection and transfer system to improve the fish passing through the main stream. However, the fish collection and transfer system uses an elevator. Many fish are frightened by the elevator and human capture, resulting in low quality fertilized eggs or even failure to spawn.

[0004] Furthermore, tiered reservoirs and hydropower stations artificially intervene in the water volume and flow rate of rivers by opening sluice gates during rainfall and flood discharge periods. This can cause fish species that are originally suited to spawn in the area to produce eggs of poor quality or even fail to spawn due to the sudden increase in water flow caused by such human intervention. Therefore, an ecological management method is needed to reduce the impact of reservoirs on fish spawning in order to solve this problem and improve the stability and diversity of river fish survival. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide an ecological scheduling method that can improve the spawning rate of fish that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs. This method can effectively alleviate the problem of dynamic regulation of river flow velocity. It can predict and dynamically adjust according to weather conditions and dam release, based on sudden situations such as rainfall and dam release. At the same time, it avoids the economic costs and timeliness problems of instantaneous regulation and response caused by real-time monitoring, thereby optimizing the ecological scheduling of reservoirs and promoting fish spawning.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] An ecological management method for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Construct a slow-flow control system along both banks of the reservoir to create a comfortable spawning area for fish, and install a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system on the slow-flow control system;

[0009] S2. The water depth, water temperature, river flow velocity, and meteorological information inside the slow-flow control system are monitored and obtained through the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system.

[0010] S3. By analyzing the river flow velocity and meteorological information through the analysis and control system, the flow control parameters of the damping adjustment module of the slow flow control system are adjusted so that the slow flow control system can autonomously change the angle of the water flow according to the water-facing force, so that the water flowing into the slow flow control system changes its direction and the flow velocity in the slow flow control system can be autonomously adjusted and balanced to keep the fish spawning comfort zone on the rear side of the slow flow control system in a slow flow state.

[0011] S4. By analyzing the water depth and temperature within the slow-flow control system through the analysis and regulation system, the position of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is adjusted to ensure that the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is at a suitable depth from the water surface; the heat source of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is activated to generate heat, thereby ensuring that the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is at a suitable spawning temperature.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, in addition to the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the slow-flow control system is also equipped with an analysis and regulation system and an ecological simulation layer for the spawning of fish that lay adhesive and sinking eggs. The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the analysis and regulation system and the slow-flow control system are used to schedule and adjust the ecological environment for fish spawning.

[0013] Preferably, the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system is used to acquire information on water depth and temperature, as well as river flow velocity and meteorological information within the slow-flow control system.

[0014] Preferably, the analysis and control system is used to regulate the flow velocity within the slow-flow control system based on river flow velocity and meteorological information, regulate the depth of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish based on water depth, and regulate the temperature of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish based on water temperature.

[0015] Preferably, the slow-flow control system consists of two water-blocking modules hinged on one side, and the other side of the water-blocking module is connected through a damping adjustment module to control the angle between the water-blocking module and the water flow. The water-blocking module has an inclined guide hole.

[0016] Preferably, the hydro-meteorological monitoring system includes a water level and temperature monitoring instrument for monitoring water depth and water temperature, a radar current meter for monitoring river flow velocity, and a meteorological monitoring station for monitoring rainfall, wind direction, and wind speed; and the water level and temperature monitoring instrument, radar current meter, and meteorological monitoring station all use a wireless communication and analysis control system for data transmission.

[0017] Preferably, the analysis and control system includes a data acquisition module for receiving hydrological information detected by a water level and temperature monitoring instrument, river flow velocity information detected by a radar current meter, and meteorological information monitored by a meteorological monitoring station; a data analysis module for analyzing the influence of flow velocity and meteorological information on the flow control parameters of the slow-flow control system; a data analysis module for analyzing the water depth and water temperature within the slow-flow control system; and a controller for controlling the slow-flow control system according to the data analysis results from the data analysis module.

[0018] Preferably, in step S3, the flow control parameter refers to the supporting force of the damping adjustment module. F The adjustment amount and operation steps are as follows:

[0019] At constant water flow velocity V 常 Impact force on the water-blocking module N At 0, adjust the support force of the damping adjustment module. F This ensures that the spawning comfort zone for fish within the slow-flow control system is within a suitable flow velocity range. Vmin-Vmax ,

[0020] In variable water flow velocity V 变 Impact force on the water-blocking module N 1. Adjust the supporting force of the damping adjustment module. F This ensures that the spawning comfort zone for fish within the slow-flow control system remains within a suitable flow velocity range. Vmin-Vmax ,

[0021] Support force on the damping adjustment module F Adjust it to maintain a constant water flow velocity. V 常 The flow rate below V N1 ≥ Vmin And make it in variable water flow velocity V 变 Below V N2 ≤ Vmax ,

[0022] Among them, constant water flow velocity V 常 This refers to the flow velocity during the dry season or the flow velocity during the wet season; variable flow velocity. V 变 This refers to wind speed, rainfall, and / or the flow velocity during the dry season or the flow velocity during the wet season after the downstream sluice gates are opened.

[0023] Preferably, the flow control system is deployed at intervals of 100-300 meters along both banks, and the flow control systems located along both banks are staggered.

[0024] An ecological scheduling system for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs is provided, which employs the aforementioned ecological scheduling method for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs.

[0025] The present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The ecological regulation method of this invention can effectively alleviate the problem of dynamic regulation of river flow velocity. It can predict and dynamically adjust according to weather conditions and dam release, based on sudden events such as rainfall and dam release. At the same time, it avoids the economic costs and timeliness problems of instantaneous regulation and response caused by real-time monitoring, thereby optimizing the ecological regulation of reservoirs, promoting fish spawning, and the slow flow control system used in this invention does not have electronic control components, which can effectively avoid the problem of fish being frightened by electronic control. This makes the ecological regulation method of this invention more adaptable and can be applied to the ecological regulation of more reservoirs, thereby improving the problem of low fish spawning rate in reservoirs. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the ecological scheduling method of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the operating principle of the slow-flow control system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a system block diagram of the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a system block diagram of the analysis and control system of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the staggered distribution of the slow-flow control system of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the symmetrical distribution of the slow-flow control system of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Reservoirs typically have sections with varying river flow velocities, and the fish populations within these rivers are diverse, with different species exhibiting varying spawning preferences. Specifically, different fish species have unique requirements regarding water flow velocity, water depth, and food availability during their reproductive process. For instance, the Dabry's sturgeon, which lays adhesive eggs, generally spawns near the main channel at a flow velocity of 1.2–1.5 m / s. Ecological regulation of river depth and food availability is relatively straightforward for Dabry's sturgeon. However, river flow velocity is a more challenging issue due to human intervention such as dam construction, seasonal variations (dry and wet seasons), and rainfall. To address this, the designed flow control system, along with hydrological and meteorological monitoring and analysis systems, can effectively alleviate the problem of dynamic flow velocity regulation. These systems can dynamically adjust according to dry and wet seasons, weather conditions, and dam releases, avoiding the economic costs of real-time monitoring and the timeliness issues of instantaneous control and response. This optimizes the ecological regulation of the reservoir and promotes fish spawning rates.

[0035] This invention provides an ecological regulation method to improve the spawning rate of demersal fish in reservoirs. A slow-flow control system is constructed along both banks of the reservoir to create a comfortable spawning zone for the fish. This system is equipped with a hydro-meteorological monitoring system, an analysis and control system, and a simulated spawning ecological layer for demersal fish. The hydro-meteorological monitoring system, analysis and control system, and slow-flow control system are used to regulate and adjust the ecological environment for fish spawning. The hydro-meteorological monitoring system is used to acquire information on water depth, water temperature, river flow velocity, and meteorological information within the slow-flow control system. The analysis and control system is used to adjust the flow velocity within the slow-flow control system based on river flow velocity and meteorological information, adjust the depth of the simulated spawning ecological layer based on water depth, and adjust the temperature of the simulated spawning ecological layer based on water temperature.

[0036] The specific steps are as follows:

[0037] S1. Construct a slow-flow control system along both banks of the reservoir to create a comfortable spawning area for fish, and install a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system on the slow-flow control system;

[0038] S2. The water depth, water temperature, river flow velocity, and meteorological information inside the slow-flow control system are monitored and obtained through the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system.

[0039] S3. By analyzing the river flow velocity and meteorological information through the analysis and control system, the flow control parameters of the damping adjustment module of the slow flow control system are adjusted so that the slow flow control system can autonomously change the angle of the water flow according to the water-facing force, so that the water flowing into the slow flow control system changes its direction and the flow velocity in the slow flow control system can be autonomously adjusted and balanced to keep the fish spawning comfort zone on the rear side of the slow flow control system in a slow flow state.

[0040] S4. By analyzing the water depth and temperature within the slow-flow control system through the analysis and regulation system, the position of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is adjusted to ensure that the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is at a suitable depth from the water surface; the heat source of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is activated to generate heat, thereby ensuring that the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is at a suitable spawning temperature.

[0041] Furthermore, in step S1, in addition to the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the slow-flow control system is also equipped with an analysis and regulation system and an ecological simulation layer for the spawning of fish that lay adhesive and sinking eggs. The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the analysis and regulation system and the slow-flow control system are used to schedule and adjust the ecological environment for fish spawning.

[0042] Furthermore, the hydro-meteorological monitoring system is used to acquire information on water depth and temperature, as well as river flow velocity and meteorological information within the slow-flow control system.

[0043] Furthermore, the analysis and control system is used to regulate the flow velocity within the slow-flow control system based on river flow velocity and meteorological information, to regulate the depth of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish based on water depth, and to regulate the temperature of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish based on water temperature.

[0044] Furthermore, the slow-flow control system consists of two water-blocking modules hinged on one side, and the other side of the water-blocking module is connected through a damping adjustment module to control the angle between the water-blocking module and the water flow. The water-blocking module has an inclined guide hole.

[0045] The flow control system utilizes guide holes to divert water flow from the upstream side near the river center, directing it out of the system. Compared to a completely flow-blocking approach, this ensures a suitable flow velocity within the system while reducing system wear and tear. Furthermore, the system automatically adjusts the angle between the flow-blocking module and the upstream side of the water flow based on the current river velocity, in conjunction with the water flow impact and damping adjustment modules. This significantly reduces the frequency of real-time control and flow velocity monitoring, avoiding slow system processing and control response. Moreover, the support force of the damping adjustment modules in each flow control system can be adjusted... F This allows each slow-flow control system to have different internal flow velocities, making them suitable for different types of fish to spawn, thereby improving the multi-population ecology of fish in the basin and minimizing the impact of human construction such as dams on fish populations.

[0046] Furthermore, the hydro-meteorological monitoring system includes a water level and temperature monitoring instrument for monitoring water depth and temperature information, a radar current meter for monitoring river flow velocity, and a meteorological monitoring station for monitoring rainfall, wind direction, and wind speed; and the water level and temperature monitoring instrument, radar current meter, and meteorological monitoring station all use a wireless communication and analysis control system for data transmission.

[0047] By setting up a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, information on water depth, water temperature, river flow velocity, rainfall, and wind direction and speed in reservoirs can be monitored. This provides data support for the analysis and regulation of flow control systems, effectively alleviating the problem of dynamic regulation of river flow velocity and promoting fish spawning rates.

[0048] Furthermore, the analysis and control system includes a data acquisition module for receiving hydrological information detected by a water level and temperature monitoring instrument, river flow velocity information detected by a radar current meter, and meteorological information monitored by a meteorological monitoring station; a data analysis module for analyzing the impact of flow velocity and meteorological information on the flow control parameters of the slow-flow control system; a data analysis module for analyzing water depth and water temperature within the slow-flow control system; and a controller for controlling the slow-flow control system based on the data analysis results from the data analysis module.

[0049] By analyzing the settings of the control system, it is possible to analyze the hydrological information detected by the water level and temperature monitoring instrument, the river flow velocity information detected by the radar current meter, and the meteorological information monitored by the meteorological monitoring station, thereby quickly providing prediction and control instructions for the slow flow control system, and thus realizing dynamic control of river flow velocity.

[0050] Furthermore, in step S3, the flow control parameter refers to the supporting force of the damping adjustment module. F The adjustment amount and operation steps are as follows:

[0051] At constant water flow velocity V 常 Impact force on the water-blocking module N At 0, adjust the support force of the damping adjustment module. F This ensures that the spawning comfort zone for fish within the slow-flow control system is within a suitable flow velocity range. Vmin-Vmax ,

[0052] In variable water flow velocity V 变 Impact force on the water-blocking module N 1. Adjust the supporting force of the damping adjustment module. F This ensures that the spawning comfort zone for fish within the slow-flow control system remains within a suitable flow velocity range. Vmin-Vmax ,

[0053] Support force on the damping adjustment module F Adjust it to maintain a constant water flow velocity. V常 The flow rate below V N1 ≥ Vmin And make it in variable water flow velocity V 变 Below V N2 ≤ Vmax ,

[0054] Among them, constant water flow velocity V 常 This refers to the flow velocity during the dry season or the flow velocity during the wet season; variable flow velocity. V 变 This refers to wind speed, rainfall, and / or the flow velocity during the dry season or the flow velocity during the wet season after the downstream sluice gates are opened.

[0055] A comprehensive analysis based on flow velocity during dry or wet seasons, rainfall variations, and / or downstream sluice gate opening can determine the support force of the damping adjustment module through flow control parameters. F Provide guidance and control to ensure that the damping adjustment module's support force is adjusted when the flow rate is too high. F The flow rate is reduced to improve the flow guiding efficiency of the guide orifice, while the support force of the damping adjustment module is reduced when the flow velocity is low. F To improve the efficiency of the flow guide orifice and maintain the water flow velocity within the slow-flow control system.

[0056] Furthermore, the slow-flow control system is deployed at intervals of 100-300 meters along both banks, and the slow-flow control systems located along both banks are distributed in a staggered manner.

[0057] A comprehensive analysis based on flow velocity during dry or wet seasons, rainfall variations, and / or downstream sluice gate opening can determine the support force of the damping adjustment module through flow control parameters. F Provide guidance and control to ensure that the damping adjustment module's support force is adjusted when the flow rate is too high. F The flow rate is reduced to improve the flow guiding efficiency of the guide orifice, while the support force of the damping adjustment module is reduced when the flow velocity is low. F To improve the efficiency of the flow guide orifice and maintain the water flow velocity within the slow-flow control system.

[0058] The aforementioned ecological scheduling method can effectively alleviate the problem of dynamic control of river flow velocity by analyzing and regulating the control system and utilizing the slow-flow control system. It allows for dynamic adjustments based on preset parameters, such as dry seasons, wet seasons, weather conditions, and dam releases. This ensures that these conditions do not affect the suitable flow velocity for fish spawning. Furthermore, even when the river level fluctuates, the ecological simulation layer for spawning of sinking fish remains at the optimal spawning depth. Simultaneously, the surrounding water temperature of the ecological simulation layer is regulated by a heat source to increase the spawning rate of the fish. However, the use of a heat source will increase the electricity demand of the slow-flow control system. Since water temperature is typically related to water depth and season, the placement of a heat source in the ecological simulation layer can be selected as needed based on actual energy scheduling requirements.

[0059] An ecological scheduling system for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs is provided, which employs the aforementioned ecological scheduling method for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs.

[0060] Example 1:

[0061] An ecological management method to improve the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs, such as... Figure 1 As shown, a slow-flow control system is constructed along both banks of the reservoir to create a comfortable spawning area for fish. This system is equipped with a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system and an analysis and control system. These systems, along with the slow-flow control system, are used to regulate and adjust the ecological environment for fish spawning. The following is a detailed description of the slow-flow control system, the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, and the analysis and control system:

[0062] I. Slow-flow control system

[0063] like Figure 5 As shown, the flow control system is set up at intervals of 200 meters, and the flow control systems on both sides of the river are staggered. It can be understood that the staggered distribution means that the flow control system on one side of the river is located at the midpoint of the two flow control systems on the other side, that is, at the 50-meter position. The flow control system is slidably connected to the riverbank through vertical plates laid along the riverbank.

[0064] The water-blocking module of the slow-flow control system consists of two walls. The wall facing the water is called wall a, and the wall facing away from the water is called wall b. It can be understood that wall a is hinged to and slides with the vertical carrier plate, while wall b is hinged to and fixed with the vertical carrier plate.

[0065] The height H of the water-blocking module is set at 1.2 times the river depth, and the length L of the water-blocking module is set at 0.3 times the river width. Based on the two water-blocking modules of the slow-flow control system having an included angle of 60°, and the guide hole a tilted at 30° with a hole depth of 50cm, the lateral arrangement width of the guide hole a should be 3 / 5 of the length L of the wall a, and it should be arranged starting 1m from the hinge point to improve the guiding effect of the guide hole a and the guide hole c. The lateral arrangement width of the guide hole b should be 1 / 15 of the length L of the wall a, and it should be arranged starting 2m from the riverbank to take advantage of the low flow velocity near the riverbank and reduce the impact of human fishing on fish reproduction.

[0066] The width of the transverse arrangement of the guide holes c should be 2 / 5 of the length L of the wall b, so as to improve the guiding effect of the guide holes a and c, while allowing some water to be discharged through the rapid flow outlet 22, and allowing some water to flow slowly to the middle area of ​​the slow flow control system, so that the fish spawning comfort zone of the slow flow control system can also maintain a certain flow velocity, thereby meeting the requirements for flow velocity regulation and obtaining the appropriate flow velocity for fish spawning;

[0067] The spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is used for sinking fish to spawn. The spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is slidably installed along the inner side of wall b, and its top is connected to the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish via a commercially available winch and connecting rope. The spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish has a heat source that can adjust the ambient water temperature, such as a commercially available heating rod. The spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish consists of a layer board and aquatic plants planted on the layer board to simulate the fish spawning ecological environment. It can be understood that if a heat source needs to be set up, the heat source will be embedded in the layer board.

[0068] II. Hydrological and Meteorological Monitoring System

[0069] Hydrological and meteorological monitoring systems are used to acquire information on water depth and temperature, as well as river flow velocity and meteorological information within slow-flow control systems, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it mainly consists of the following parts:

[0070] The water level and temperature monitoring instrument (Jingdao JD-SW4 water level and temperature monitoring system) is used to monitor water depth and temperature information. The system is used to monitor the water depth and temperature information in area b of the inner wall of the slow flow control system, and wirelessly transmits the collected hydrological information such as water level and temperature to the analysis and control system.

[0071] The radar current meter (AN-HWRF20 type current meter of Chongqing Anneen Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.) is used to monitor the river flow velocity. The current meter is used to monitor the river flow velocity information of the wall a located on the water-facing side outside the slow flow control system, and the collected river flow velocity information is wirelessly transmitted to the analysis and control system.

[0072] The meteorological monitoring station (NHQXZ601 wireless automatic meteorological observation station of Nenghui Technology) is used to monitor rainfall, wind direction and wind speed. The meteorological monitoring station is used to monitor the wind speed and rainfall in the watershed where the slow flow control system is located, and wirelessly transmits the collected meteorological information to the analysis and control system.

[0073] III. Analysis and Control System

[0074] The analysis and control system is used to adjust the opening and closing angle of the slow-flow control system based on river flow velocity and meteorological information, to adjust the height of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish based on water depth within the slow-flow control system, and to adjust the temperature of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish based on water temperature. Figure 4 As shown, it mainly consists of the following parts:

[0075] A data acquisition module used to receive hydrological information such as water level and temperature, river flow velocity information, and meteorological information;

[0076] This is a data analysis module used to analyze the influence of flow velocity and meteorological information on the flow control parameters of the damping adjustment module of the slow flow control system, as well as to analyze the water depth and water temperature within the slow flow control system.

[0077] This controller (Mitsubishi PLC FX5U-80MT / ES controller) is used to control the opening and closing size of the electric gate, control the damping of the damping adjustment module (commercially available adjustable spring damping rod), and control the winding length of the connecting rope of the winch based on the data analysis results of the data analysis module.

[0078] It is understandable that data acquisition modules and data analysis modules are used to receive, store, process, and analyze data. These mainly include, but are not limited to, devices such as: servers (including web servers, database servers, and file servers) used to provide computing, storage, and management services; storage devices (including direct-attached storage (DAS), network-attached storage (NAS), and storage area networks (SAN)) used for data storage and management; network devices (routers, switches, and firewalls) used for data transmission, management, and network security; graphics processing units (GPUs) used to accelerate data computing and processing; data processing machines (card processors and stored-program automatic computers) used to perform operations such as classification, merging, storage, retrieval, and computation; and software frameworks and tools (Apache Flink, Apache Hadoop, Databricks, Apache Airflow, and Trino) used for different types of data processing needs (stream processing, batch processing, big data analytics, and workflow automation).

[0079] Among them, the flow control parameter refers to the supporting force of the elastic damping plate 4. FThe specific amounts to be regulated are as follows:

[0080] At constant water flow velocity V 常 Impact force on wall a1 N Adjust the supporting force of the elastic damping plate 4 at 0. F This ensures that the spawning comfort zone for fish within the slow-flow control system is within a suitable flow velocity range. Vmin-Vmax ,

[0081] In variable water flow velocity V 变 Impact force on wall a1 N 1. Adjust the supporting force of the elastic damping plate 4. F This ensures that the spawning comfort zone for fish within the slow-flow control system remains within a suitable flow velocity range. Vmin-Vmax ,

[0082] Support force on elastic damping plate 4 F Adjust it to maintain a constant water flow velocity. V 常 The flow rate below V N1 ≥ Vmin And make it in variable water flow velocity V 变 Below V N2 ≤ Vmax

[0083] Among them, constant water flow velocity V 常 This refers to the flow velocity during the dry season or the flow velocity during the wet season; variable flow velocity. V 变 This refers to wind speed, rainfall, and / or the flow velocity during the dry season or the flow velocity during the wet season after the downstream sluice gates are opened.

[0084] Specifically, the above-mentioned ecological regulation method for improving the spawning rate of fish in reservoirs includes the following steps:

[0085] S1. The water depth, water temperature, river flow velocity, and meteorological information inside the slow-flow control system are monitored and obtained through the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system;

[0086] S2. By analyzing river flow velocity and meteorological information through the control system, the flow control parameters of the damping adjustment module of the slow-flow control system are adjusted. This allows the wall a of the slow-flow control system to autonomously change its angle of attack based on the water-facing forces. Water entering the slow-flow control system changes direction through guide hole a, and this portion of the water is then discharged through guide hole c. This allows the flow velocity within the slow-flow control system to autonomously adjust and balance, maintaining a slow-flow state in the fish spawning comfort zone inside wall b. Figure 2 As shown;

[0087] S3. By analyzing the water depth in the slow-flow control system through the analysis and regulation system, the winch is controlled to pull and release the connecting rope in order to change the distance between the float and the spawning ecological simulation layer of the sticky-sinking fish, so that the spawning ecological simulation layer of the sticky-sinking fish is at a suitable depth from the water surface.

[0088] S4. By analyzing the water temperature in the slow-flow control system through the analysis and regulation system, the heat source generates heat to change the water temperature in the ecological simulation layer area for spawning of fish that lay sticky, sinking eggs, so that the ecological simulation layer for spawning of fish that lay sticky, sinking eggs is at a suitable spawning temperature.

[0089] Example 2:

[0090] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the arrangement of the flow control system has been adjusted. Specifically, the flow control system is set up at intervals of 300 meters, and the flow control systems on both sides of the bank are staggered.

[0091] Example 3:

[0092] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the arrangement of the flow control system has been adjusted. Specifically, the flow control system is set up at 100-meter intervals, and the flow control systems on both sides of the bank are staggered.

[0093] Example 4:

[0094] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the arrangement of the slow-flow control system has been adjusted, such as... Figure 6 As shown, specifically, the flow control system is set up at intervals of 200 meters, and the flow control systems on both sides of the bank are symmetrically distributed. It can be understood that the symmetrical distribution means that the flow control system on one side of the bank corresponds one-to-one with the flow control system on the other side of the bank.

[0095] Example 5:

[0096] The difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the guide hole a is an oblique opening tilted at 20° towards the hinge. It can be understood that the support force of the damping adjustment module is adjusted based on the tilt angle of the guide hole a and the river flow velocity under normal seasonal conditions. F；

[0097] Understandably, the flow control system needs to be cleaned every 1-2 months to prevent the accumulation of silt from significantly affecting the movement of the water-blocking module. In addition, to facilitate regular cleaning and maintenance of the flow control system, a sliding rail support can be installed on the riverbank. The sliding rail support is connected to the damping adjustment module by sliding up and down. When cleaning and maintenance are required, a crane or similar device can be used to lift the flow control system out of the water for cleaning.

[0098] Example 6:

[0099] Taking a first-level river in a reservoir with a depth of 15m and a width of 50m as an example, its river velocity is approximately 3m / s, and the velocity near the riverbank (2m away) is approximately 2m / s. Ecological regulation and adjustment are carried out using the slow-flow control system of Example 2, with the Siberian sturgeon (1.2~1.5m / s) laying adhesive eggs as a simulation.

[0100] 1. Reference standards for the construction of slow-flow control systems:

[0101] 1) The height of the wall is set at 1.2 times the depth of the river, i.e., 18m, and the length of the wall is set at 0.3 times the width of the river, i.e., 15m;

[0102] 2) Both walls a and b are made of hollow galvanized steel plates (5cm thick). The thickness of wall a is 50cm to ensure sufficient inclination angle and flow path to guide the water flow to the guide hole c.

[0103] Among them, the diameter of the guide hole a is 0.5m. It is arranged starting 1m from the side closest to the adjustment shaft. There are 15 guide holes a in each vertical row, with equal spacing from top to bottom, and 4 rows with a spacing of 0.5m. The guide hole b is a vertically set rectangular hole with a width of 1m and a length of 3m. It is arranged starting 2m from the side closest to the riverbank. There are 3 guide holes b in each vertical row, with equal spacing from top to bottom, and 2 rows with a spacing of 1m.

[0104] 3) The guide hole c is a vertically arranged rectangular hole with a width of 6m and a length of 15m. The guide hole d has a diameter of 1m and is evenly arranged in the remaining space of the wall b with an interval of 0.5m between adjacent guide holes d. The spawning ecological simulation layer of the fish that lay adhesive eggs is a long strip plate with a width of 3m and a length of 8m. The plate is perpendicular to the wall b and is slidably connected by several slide rails.

[0105] 2. Regulation methods:

[0106] By adjusting the support force of the damping adjustment module F The size of the river within the comfortable spawning zone for fish is such that the river velocity is approximately 1.4 m / s, and the angle between the two walls of the slow-flow control system is measured to be 48°.

[0107] Based on hydrological and meteorological data from the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, for example, if it is predicted that there will be one day of light wind (2.2 m / s) and rainfall (40 mm) within the next 3 days, as well as the opening of the sluice gate for discharge, the support force of the damping adjustment module is calculated. F When the size remains unchanged,

[0108] 1) Under conditions of light winds (2.2 m / s) and rainfall (40 mm) for one day, the river velocity in the fish spawning comfort zone is approximately 1.6 m / s.

[0109] 2) When the sluice gates are opened to release water, the river velocity in the fish spawning comfort zone is approximately 1.7 m / s. This velocity is insufficient to meet the spawning velocity requirements of the Dabry's sturgeon (1.2~1.5 m / s). Considering the velocity variations over these three days, the maximum influential velocity value of 1.7 m / s is taken.

[0110] Therefore, the supporting force F of the damping adjustment module can be reduced, that is, the angle between wall a and wall b can be further reduced under the same water flow velocity. At this time, the river flow velocity in the fish spawning comfort zone is about 1.2 m / s. If the weather conditions or the sluice gate is opened in the next three days, the flow control system can adjust itself according to the river flow velocity without real-time human intervention, so that it is within the spawning flow velocity range required by the Dabry's sturgeon (1.2~1.5 m / s). After adopting the above ecological scheduling method, compared with the situation where spawning intervention was not continued, the spawning rate of the Dabry's sturgeon increased by 44.9%.

[0111] Furthermore, different fish species can be classified according to their similarity. For example, the range of 0.5~1m / s can be grouped into one category, the range of 1~1.5m / s into another category, and the range of 1.5~2m / s into yet another category, so that the spawning comfort zones of fish in different slow-flow control systems have different flow rates.

[0112] The above embodiments are merely preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be considered as limitations on the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention should be limited to the technical solutions described in the claims, including equivalent substitutions of the technical features described in the claims. That is, equivalent substitutions and improvements within this scope are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ecological regulation method for improving the spawning rate of a reservoir of a sticky-eggs-producing fish species, characterized in that Includes the following steps: S1. Construct a slow-flow control system along both banks of the reservoir to create a comfortable spawning area for fish, and install a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system on the slow-flow control system; S2. The water depth, water temperature, river flow velocity, and meteorological information inside the slow-flow control system are monitored and obtained through the hydrological and meteorological monitoring system. S3. By analyzing the river flow velocity and meteorological information through the analysis and control system, the flow control parameters of the damping adjustment module of the slow flow control system are adjusted so that the slow flow control system can autonomously change the angle of the water flow according to the water-facing force, so that the water flowing into the slow flow control system changes its direction and the flow velocity in the slow flow control system can be autonomously adjusted and balanced to keep the fish spawning comfort zone on the rear side of the slow flow control system in a slow flow state. S4. By analyzing the water depth and temperature within the slow-flow control system through the analysis and regulation system, the position of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is adjusted to ensure that the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is at a suitable depth from the water surface; the heat source of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish generates heat to ensure that the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish is at a suitable spawning temperature. The slow-flow control system consists of two water-blocking modules hinged on one side, and the other side of the water-blocking module is connected through a damping adjustment module to control the angle between the water-blocking module and the water flow. The water-blocking module has an inclined guide hole.

2. The ecological regulation method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized in that: In step S1, in addition to a hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the slow-flow control system is also equipped with an analysis and regulation system and an ecological simulation layer for the spawning of fish that lay adhesive and sinking eggs. The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system, the analysis and regulation system and the slow-flow control system are used to schedule and adjust the ecological environment for fish spawning.

3. The ecological regulation method for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that: The hydrological and meteorological monitoring system is used to acquire information on water depth and temperature, as well as river flow velocity and meteorological information within the slow-flow control system.

4. An ecological regulation method for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that: The analysis and control system is used to regulate the flow velocity within the slow-flow control system based on river flow velocity and meteorological information, to regulate the depth of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish based on water depth, and to regulate the temperature of the spawning ecological simulation layer for sinking fish based on water temperature.

5. An ecological regulation method for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that: The hydro-meteorological monitoring system includes a water level and temperature monitoring instrument for monitoring water depth and temperature, a radar current meter for monitoring river flow velocity, and a meteorological monitoring station for monitoring rainfall, wind direction, and wind speed. The water level and temperature monitoring instrument, radar current meter, and meteorological monitoring station all use a wireless communication and analysis control system for data transmission.

6. An ecological regulation method for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that: The analysis and control system includes a data acquisition module for receiving hydrological information detected by a water level and temperature monitoring instrument, river flow velocity information detected by a radar current meter, and meteorological information monitored by a meteorological monitoring station; a data analysis module for analyzing the impact of flow velocity and meteorological information on the flow control parameters of the slow-flow control system; a data analysis module for analyzing water depth and water temperature within the slow-flow control system; and a controller for controlling the slow-flow control system based on the data analysis results from the data analysis module.

7. An ecological regulation method for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs, as described in claim 1, is characterized in that: In step S3, the flow control parameter refers to the supporting force of the damping adjustment module. F The adjustment amount and operation steps are as follows: At constant water flow velocity V 常 Impact force on the water-blocking module N At 0, adjust the support force of the damping adjustment module. F This ensures that the spawning comfort zone for fish within the slow-flow control system is within a suitable flow velocity range. Vmin-Vmax , In variable water flow velocity V 变 Impact force on the water-blocking module N 1. Adjust the supporting force of the damping adjustment module. F This ensures that the spawning comfort zone for fish within the slow-flow control system remains within a suitable flow velocity range. Vmin-Vmax , Support force on the damping adjustment module F Adjust it to maintain a constant water flow velocity. V 常 The flow rate below V N1 ≥ Vmin And make it in variable water flow velocity V 变 Below V N2 ≤ Vmax , Among them, constant water flow velocity V 常 This refers to the flow velocity during the dry season or the flow velocity during the wet season; variable flow velocity. V 变 This refers to wind speed, rainfall, and / or the flow velocity during the dry season or the flow velocity during the wet season after the downstream sluice gates are opened.

8. An ecological regulation method for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs, as described in claim 7, is characterized in that: The slow-flow control system is deployed at intervals of 100-300 meters along both banks, and the slow-flow control systems located along both banks are distributed in a staggered manner.

9. An ecological regulation system for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs, characterized in that: An ecological scheduling method for improving the spawning rate of fish species that lay adhesive eggs in reservoirs, as described in any one of claims 1-8, was adopted.

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