Particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment and operation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a coupled purification device for particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption, and its operating method. The device comprises a cyclone housing extending along an axis, a built-in particle bed having a particle bed body extending along the axis, and multiple spiral nozzles. The cyclone housing comprises a first housing section and a second housing section located below the first housing section, with sidewalls recessed inwardly along the direction of gravity. The upper sidewall of the first housing section is provided with a gas phase inlet, and the lower end of the second housing section is provided with a solid phase outlet. The built-in particle bed is partially inserted into the cyclone housing. The particle bed body comprises an inner wall, a middle wall, and an outer wall, arranged sequentially from the inside out. An inner silo is formed between the inner and middle walls, an outer silo is formed between the middle and outer walls, a centrifugal dust removal chamber is formed between the outer wall and the cyclone housing, and a central exhaust chamber is formed within the inner wall. The inner wall, the middle wall, and the outer wall located within the cyclone housing all have flow-through structures. This device can meet the needs for efficient and multifunctional purification in industrial production processes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas purification, and in particular to a particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the oil refining industry, the catalytic cracking process converts heavy oil into target products such as gasoline and diesel. At the same time, it also needs to regenerate the catalyst by burning the carbon deposited on the catalyst surface in the regenerator. The regenerated flue gas has a high temperature and contains a high concentration of SO x , NOx, CO2 and other harmful components and dust particles, among which the particle concentration is 170mg / Nm 3 , CO2 emissions account for 8.57%. A flue gas turbine (hereinafter referred to as the flue gas turbine) is set downstream of the regenerator to recover the high-temperature flue gas energy. However, the concentration and particle size of the catalyst dust entrained in the high-temperature regeneration flue gas at the inlet of the flue gas turbine have a direct impact on the life of the flue gas turbine blades.

[0003] At present, a third-stage cyclone separator (hereinafter referred to as the third cyclone) is usually used to capture catalyst particles to recover catalyst particles in the regenerated flue gas and reduce the particulate matter content in the high-temperature regenerated flue gas at the inlet of the smoke exhaust fan. Due to the poor separation effect of the traditional catalytic cracking three-cyclone, the proportion of 0-15μm particles at the outlet is still as high as 67.69%, causing catalyst leakage, while also leading to ultra-high concentrations and particle sizes of particles at the inlet of the smoke exhaust fan, resulting in fluctuations in smoke exhaust fan operation and fouling. In order to address the problem of impurity gas (carbon dioxide) emissions generated during the catalytic cracking production process, an absorption tower is usually set up in the subsequent unit to capture carbon dioxide, but it is often necessary to add a circulating cooler or a multi-stage arrangement to achieve the purpose of emission reduction, which is less economical. Therefore, most catalytic cracking units still mainly discharge directly into the atmosphere.

[0004] As an improvement, the existing technology provides a coupled gas purification device. By providing a granular bed filled with porous adsorption particles, and utilizing the physical adsorption mechanism of carbon dioxide in the granular bed, it is expected to simultaneously achieve the goals of fine particle separation and efficient carbon dioxide adsorption. However, the current coupled gas purification equipment is clearly inadequate in its combined treatment of fine particles and carbon dioxide. The granular bed media that can simultaneously perform filtration and adsorption functions is relatively limited, and it suffers from disadvantages such as high loss and low efficiency. As a result, the purification equipment cannot operate stably for long periods of time and must be regularly shut down for backflushing, cleaning, and maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device and its operation method, so as to improve the gas purification device's ability to capture particulate matter and impurity gases and ensure that the device can operate stably for a long period of time.

[0006] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device, comprising: a cyclone shell extending along an axis, the cyclone shell having a first shell section and a second shell section located below the first shell section, the upper end side wall of the first shell section is provided with a gas phase inlet, the side wall of the second shell section is set inward along the direction of gravity, and the lower end of the second shell section is provided with a solid phase outlet; a built-in particle bed, partially inserted in the cyclone shell, the built-in particle bed having a particle bed body extending along the axis, the particle bed body including inner walls arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside , middle wall and outer wall, an inner silo is formed between the inner wall and the middle wall, an outer silo is formed between the middle wall and the outer wall, a centrifugal dust removal chamber is formed between the outer wall and the cyclone shell, and a central exhaust chamber is formed inside the inner wall, the inner wall, the middle wall and the outer wall located in the cyclone shell all have a flow-through structure; a plurality of spiral nozzles are arranged on the outer wall at intervals along the circumferential direction, the nozzle of each spiral nozzle extends into the outer silo, and the spiral nozzle is used to bring the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed into the centrifugal dust removal chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the nozzle of the spiral nozzle extends obliquely downward from the middle wall to the outer wall, and the nozzles of the plurality of spiral nozzles are arranged in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction.

[0009] Furthermore, an on-off valve is provided on the air supply pipe connected to each of the spiral nozzles.

[0010] Preferably, the switch valve is an electromagnetic pulse valve, the opening interval of the electromagnetic pulse valve is 5 minutes, and the opening duration is 10 seconds.

[0011] Preferably, the angle between the nozzle of the spiral nozzle and the axial direction of the particle bed body is 30°.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall, the middle wall and the outer wall located in the cyclone housing are all made of a Johnson net, and the mesh gaps of the Johnson net form the flow-through structure.

[0013] Preferably, the mesh gap width of the Johnson net making up the inner wall, the middle wall and the outer wall located in the cyclone housing is 0.75 mm.

[0014] Furthermore, an inner material feed pipe and an outer material feed pipe are arranged at intervals on the outer wall, the inner material feed pipe is connected to the inner material bin, and the outer material feed pipe is connected to the outer material bin, the cross-section of the inner material bin is the largest on the bed section where the inner material feed pipe is arranged, and the cross-section of the outer material bin is the largest on the bed section where the outer material feed pipe is arranged.

[0015] Preferably, the bed section of the built-in particle bed inserted in the cyclone shell includes a first inner bed section, a second inner bed section and a third inner bed section arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the length of the first inner bed section is the same as the length of the first shell section, the side wall of the second inner bed section is retracted inward along the direction of gravity, the length of the second inner bed section is smaller than the second shell section, and the end of the third inner bed section extends axially to form an outlet end extending out of the second shell section; along the direction of gravity, the inner wall of the first inner bed section is expanded outward.

[0016] Another object of the present invention is to provide an operating method of the particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment as described above, including: inputting the gas to be treated from the gas phase inlet of the cyclone shell, and the gas to be treated is converted into a vortex state in the centrifugal dust removal chamber and moves downward; loading the outer silo with captured particles, and making the captured particles move from top to bottom in the outer silo, loading the inner silo with adsorption particles, and making the adsorption particles move from top to bottom in the inner silo; connecting each of the spiral nozzles with the air supply pipe, introducing a clean airflow into the outer silo, using the clean airflow to sweep the side wall of the built-in particle bed and bring the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed into the centrifugal dust removal chamber for discharge.

[0017] The characteristics and advantages of the present invention are: the particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment provided by the present invention directly separates large granular impurities of 10μm and above in the treated gas through a centrifugal dust removal chamber to obtain the primary purified gas, and effectively captures small granular impurities below 10μm in the primary purified gas through an external silo with a built-in particle bed to obtain the secondary purified gas, and efficiently adsorbs impurity gases such as carbon dioxide in the secondary purified gas through an internal silo with a built-in particle bed to obtain purified gas; at the same time, the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed are swept by multiple spiral nozzles arranged in the external silo and brought into the centrifugal dust removal chamber for discharge, so as to maintain the long-term stable operation of the equipment; the particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment provided by the present application can simultaneously realize the coordinated treatment of high-efficiency dust removal and impurity gas adsorption in the same device partition, avoiding the disadvantages of low efficiency and high loss of a single filter medium, and meeting the needs of high-efficiency and multi-functional purification in industrial production processes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in which the inner wall of the built-in particle bed is arranged with equal diameter;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention, in which the inner wall of the built-in particle bed is expanded along the gravity direction;

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the spiral nozzle in the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0023] 10. Cyclone housing; 11. First housing section; 12. Second housing section; 13. Gas phase inlet; 14. Solid phase outlet;

[0024] 20. Built-in particle bed; 21. Inner wall; 22. Middle wall; 23. Outer wall; 24. Inner material feed pipe; 25. Outer material feed pipe; 26. First inner bed section; 27. Second inner bed section; 28. Third inner bed section;

[0025] 30. Spiral nozzle;

[0026] 40. Gas supply pipe;

[0027] 50. Switch valve;

[0028] a. Capture particles; b. Adsorb particles. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Implementation Method 1

[0031] like Figures 1 to 3As shown, the present invention provides a particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device, comprising a cyclone housing 10 extending along an axis, a built-in particle bed 20 and a plurality of spiral nozzles 30, the cyclone housing 10 having a first housing section 11 and a second housing section 12 located below the first housing section 11, the upper end side wall of the first housing section 11 is provided with a gas phase inlet 13, the side wall of the second housing section 12 is set inward along the direction of gravity, and the lower end of the second housing section 12 is provided with a solid phase outlet 14; the built-in particle bed 20 is partially inserted into the cyclone housing 10, and the built-in particle bed 20 has a particle bed body extending along the axis, and the particle bed body The device comprises an inner wall 21, a middle wall 22, and an outer wall 23, which are arranged sequentially from the inside out. An inner silo is formed between the inner wall 21 and the middle wall 22, an outer silo is formed between the middle wall 22 and the outer wall 23, a centrifugal dust removal chamber is formed between the outer wall 23 and the cyclone housing 10, and a central exhaust chamber is formed within the inner wall 21. The inner wall 21, the middle wall 22, and the outer wall 23 located within the cyclone housing 10 all have flow-through structures. Multiple spiral nozzles 30 are circumferentially spaced apart on the outer wall 23, with the nozzle of each spiral nozzle 30 extending into the outer silo. The spiral nozzles 30 are used to carry dust particles deposited on the side walls of the built-in particle bed 20 into the centrifugal dust removal chamber. In this way, efficient dust removal and impurity gas adsorption are simultaneously achieved through a single gas purification device, meeting the needs of efficient and multifunctional purification in industrial production processes.

[0032] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the cyclone shell 10 and the built-in particle bed 20 are coaxially arranged. When the particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment is in operation, the outer silo is loaded with downward-moving capture particles a, and the inner silo is loaded with downward-moving adsorption particles b. Among them, in order to ensure the adsorption effect, the adsorption particles b are preferably adsorption particles b with a porous structure such as molecular sieve adsorbents, activated carbon, activated alumina, etc. The process of purifying gas by the particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment is as follows: After the gas to be treated enters the centrifugal dust removal chamber from the gas phase inlet 13 of the cyclone shell 10, the separated large granular impurities of 10μm and above and the gas after the initial purification are obtained under the action of centrifugal force. The large granular impurities slide along the inner wall 21 of the cyclone shell 10 to the solid phase outlet 14 for discharge. The gas after the initial purification enters the outer silo through the flow structure of the outer wall 23 and moves upward, forming a cross-flow with the capture particles a moving downward in the outer silo. Moving bed, after the initial purification, the small granular impurities (dust particles) below 10 μm carried by the gas are filtered and captured by the capture particles a to obtain the secondary purified gas. The secondary purified gas enters the inner silo through the flow structure of the middle wall 22 and moves upward, forming a cross-flow moving bed with the adsorption particles b moving downward in the inner silo. After the secondary purification, the impurities such as carbon dioxide carried by the gas are adsorbed by the adsorption particles b to obtain purified gas. The purified gas enters the central exhaust chamber through the flow structure of the inner wall 21 and is discharged upward. During this process, the spiral nozzle 30 is opened and a clean air flow is input into the outer silo to purge the side walls of the built-in particle bed 20 (here mainly refers to the outer wall 23 and the middle wall 22) and bring the dust particles deposited on the side walls of the built-in particle bed 20 into the centrifugal dust removal chamber for discharge.

[0033] The gas phase inlet 13 may be a tangential inlet or a volute inlet, and this application does not impose any restrictions thereon. In this embodiment, to reduce the size of the equipment and facilitate maintenance of the spiral nozzles 30, multiple spiral nozzles 30 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bed section of the built-in particle bed 20 located outside the cyclone housing 10. Preferably, the thickness of the outer and inner silos within the cyclone housing 10 is 25 mm, and the nozzle diameter of the spiral nozzles 30 is 5 mm.

[0034] The particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment provided by the present invention directly separates large granular impurities of 10 μm and above in the treated gas through a centrifugal dust removal chamber to obtain the primary purified gas, effectively captures small granular impurities below 10 μm in the primary purified gas through the external silo of the built-in particle bed 20 to obtain the secondary purified gas, and efficiently adsorbs impurity gases such as carbon dioxide in the secondary purified gas through the internal silo of the built-in particle bed 20 to obtain purified gas; at the same time, the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed 20 are blown away by multiple spiral nozzles 30 arranged in the external silo and brought into the centrifugal dust removal chamber for discharge, so as to maintain the long-term stable operation of the equipment; the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment provided by the present application can simultaneously realize the coordinated treatment of high-efficiency dust removal and impurity gas adsorption in the same device partition, avoiding the disadvantages of low efficiency and high loss of a single filter medium, and meeting the needs of high-efficiency and multi-functional purification in industrial production processes.

[0035] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, to facilitate the loading of captured particles a and adsorbed particles b, an inner feed pipe 24 and an outer feed pipe 25 are spaced apart on outer wall 23. Inner feed pipe 24 communicates with the inner silo, while outer feed pipe 25 communicates with the outer silo. The inner silo has its largest cross-section on the bed section where inner feed pipe 24 is located, while the outer silo has its largest cross-section on the bed section where outer feed pipe 25 is located. Thus, the inner silo section where inner feed pipe 24 is located forms a temporary storage chamber for adsorbed particles b, while the outer silo section where outer feed pipe 25 is located forms a temporary storage chamber for captured particles a. This prevents flow interruption caused by a mismatch in the feed rates of captured particles a and adsorbed particles b during equipment operation, which could affect the gas purification effect.

[0036] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bed segments of the built-in particle bed 20 inserted into the cyclone housing 10 include a first inner bed segment 26, a second inner bed segment 27, and a third inner bed segment 28 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The length of the first inner bed segment 26 is the same as that of the first shell segment 11. The sidewall of the second inner bed segment 27 is retracted inwardly along the direction of gravity. The length of the second inner bed segment 27 is smaller than that of the second shell segment 12. The end of the third inner bed segment 28 extends axially to form an outlet end extending out of the second shell segment 12. Figure 2As shown, the inner wall 21 of the first inner bed section 26 is expanded outward along the direction of gravity. By inserting the built-in particle bed 20 into the cyclone shell 10, the shape of the bed section is set similarly to the shape of the cyclone shell 10, so as to facilitate the insertion of the built-in particle bed 20 and the smooth outflow of the captured particles a and the adsorbed particles b. From the gas phase inlet 13 to the solid phase outlet 14, the gas after the initial purification continuously cross-flows through the built-in particle bed 20, and the gas velocity after the initial purification gradually decreases. Correspondingly, the inner wall 21 of the first inner bed section 26 is expanded outward along the direction of gravity, so that the thickness of the inner silo gradually decreases from top to bottom, so as to extend the residence time of the gas after the secondary purification in the upward flow process in the inner silo, thereby improving the adsorption efficiency of the adsorbed particles b in the inner silo on the impurity gas.

[0037] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, the nozzle of the spiral nozzle 30 extends obliquely downward from the middle wall 22 to the outer wall 23, and the nozzles of the multiple spiral nozzles 30 are arranged in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction. By arranging the nozzle of the spiral nozzle 30 to extend obliquely downward from the middle wall 22 to the outer wall 23, the clean airflow ejected from the spiral nozzle 30 can purge the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed 20, ensuring the long-term high-efficiency and low-resistance operation of the equipment, while also forming a countercurrent contact with the primary purified gas entering the external silo and moving upward, extending the residence time of small particulate impurities in the external silo, and further improving the filtering and capturing effect of the capture particles a on small particulate impurities; and by setting the nozzles of the multiple spiral nozzles 30 to be arranged in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction, it is avoided that two adjacent spiral nozzles 30 interfere with each other when ejecting the clean airflow, thereby affecting the purging effect.

[0038] According to one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 3 As shown, a switch valve 50 is provided on the air supply pipe 40 connected to each spiral nozzle 30. In this way, the purge timing of the spiral nozzle 30 is controlled by the switch valve 50, which ensures long-term stable operation of the equipment while taking into account energy saving.

[0039] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to realize automatic periodic purging of the spiral nozzle 30, the switch valve 50 is an electromagnetic pulse valve, the opening interval time of the electromagnetic pulse valve is 5 minutes, and the opening duration is 10 seconds, taking into account both energy saving and timely and effective purging.

[0040] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to achieve a better blowing effect on the outer wall 23 and the middle wall 22, the angle between the nozzle of the spiral nozzle 30 and the axial direction of the particle bed body is 30°.

[0041] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to simplify the equipment manufacturing process, the inner wall 21, the middle wall 22 and the outer wall 23 located in the cyclone housing 10 are all made of Johnson mesh, and the mesh gaps of the Johnson mesh form a flow structure.

[0042] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in order to respectively confine the captured particles a and the adsorbed particles b in the outer silo and the inner silo, while ensuring a better flow effect of the flow structure, the mesh gap width of the Johnson net formed on the inner wall 21, the middle wall 22 and the outer wall 23 located in the cyclone shell 10 is 0.75 mm.

[0043] Implementation Method 2

[0044] Another object of the present invention is to provide an operating method of the particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment as described above, including: inputting the gas to be treated from the gas phase inlet 13 of the cyclone shell 10, and the gas to be treated is converted into a vortex state in the centrifugal dust removal chamber and moves downward; loading the outer silo with capture particles a, and making the capture particles a move from top to bottom in the outer silo, loading the inner silo with adsorption particles b, and making the adsorption particles b move from top to bottom in the inner silo; connecting each spiral nozzle 30 with the air supply pipe 40, and introducing a clean air flow into the outer silo, using the clean air flow to sweep the side wall of the built-in particle bed 20 and bring the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed 20 into the centrifugal dust removal chamber for discharge. Specifically, the large granular impurities in the gas to be treated that cannot pass through the flow structure of the outer wall 23 are separated and moved to the inner wall 21 of the cyclone shell 10 under the action of centrifugal force and slide along the inner wall 21 of the cyclone shell 10 to the solid phase outlet 14 for discharge. After the large granular impurities are removed from the gas to be treated, the gas after primary purification is formed; after the primary purification, the gas passes through the flow structure of the outer wall 23 and forms a cross-flow moving bed with the capture particles a moving downward in the external silo. The small granular impurities in the gas after primary purification are filtered and captured by the capture particles a and are discharged downward with the capture particles a. The gas after primary purification is removed After removing small particulate impurities, secondary purified gas is formed; after the secondary purified gas passes through the flow structure of the middle wall 22, it forms a cross-flow moving bed with the adsorption particles b moving downward in the inner silo. The impurity gas in the secondary purified gas is adsorbed by the adsorption particles b and discharged as the adsorption particles b move downward. After the secondary purified gas is freed of impurities, purified gas is formed. The purified gas enters the central exhaust cavity through the flow structure of the inner wall 21 and is discharged upward; the clean air flow sweeps the side walls of the built-in particle bed 20 and brings the dust particles deposited on the side walls of the built-in particle bed 20 into the centrifugal dust removal cavity for discharge.

[0045] The operating method of the particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment provided in the present application is based on the flow characteristics of the gas to be treated in the equipment, and utilizes the centrifugal filtration mechanism of the cyclone shell 10 to efficiently intercept large granular impurities of 10 μm and above, and loads capture particles a in the outer hopper of the built-in particle bed 20 to capture small granular impurities below 10 μm by utilizing inertial collision and filtration capture mechanism, and loads adsorption particles b in the inner hopper of the built-in particle bed 20 to physically adsorb impurity gases such as carbon dioxide, so as to simultaneously achieve the goals of fine separation of fine particles and efficient adsorption of impurity gases such as carbon dioxide; at the same time, a plurality of spiral nozzles 30 are used to effectively extend the residence time of dust particles in the built-in particle bed 20, and the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed 20 are purged, so as to meet the needs of long-term high-efficiency and low-resistance operation, which is expected to completely solve the problem of fine purification of traditional catalytic cracking regeneration flue gas.

[0046] The above descriptions are only several embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A particle capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device, characterized in that: include: A cyclone housing extending along the axis, the cyclone housing comprising a first housing section and a second housing section located below the first housing section, the upper sidewall of the first housing section being provided with a gas phase inlet, the sidewall of the second housing section being recessed inwardly along the direction of gravity, and the lower end of the second housing section being provided with a solid phase outlet; a built-in particle bed, partially inserted into the cyclone housing, the built-in particle bed having a particle bed body extending along an axis, the particle bed body comprising an inner wall, a middle wall, and an outer wall arranged sequentially from the inside to the outside, an inner silo formed between the inner wall and the middle wall, an outer silo formed between the middle wall and the outer wall, a centrifugal dust removal chamber formed between the outer wall and the cyclone housing, a central exhaust chamber formed within the inner wall, and the inner wall, the middle wall, and the outer wall located within the cyclone housing all having a flow-through structure; A plurality of spiral nozzles are arranged on the outer wall at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the nozzle of each spiral nozzle extends into the outer silo. The spiral nozzle is used to bring the dust particles deposited on the side wall of the built-in particle bed into the centrifugal dust removal chamber.

2. The particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The nozzle of the spiral nozzle extends obliquely downward from the middle wall to the outer wall, and the nozzles of the plurality of spiral nozzles are arranged in a clockwise direction or a counterclockwise direction.

3. The particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An on-off valve is provided on the air supply pipe connected to each of the spiral nozzles.

4. The particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The switch valve is an electromagnetic pulse valve, the opening interval of the electromagnetic pulse valve is 5 minutes, and the opening duration is 10 seconds.

5. The particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle between the nozzle of the spiral nozzle and the axis direction of the particle bed body is 30°.

6. The particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall, the middle wall and the outer wall located in the cyclone housing are all made of Johnson mesh, and the mesh gaps of the Johnson mesh form the flow-through structure.

7. The particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The Johnson nets used to make the inner wall, the middle wall, and the outer wall inside the cyclone housing all have a mesh gap width of 0.75 mm.

8. The particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inner material feed pipe and an outer material feed pipe are arranged at intervals on the outer wall, the inner material feed pipe is connected to the inner material bin, and the outer material feed pipe is connected to the outer material bin, the cross-section of the inner material bin is the largest on the bed section where the inner material feed pipe is arranged, and the cross-section of the outer material bin is the largest on the bed section where the outer material feed pipe is arranged.

9. The particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bed segments of the built-in particle bed inserted in the cyclone shell include a first inner bed segment, a second inner bed segment, and a third inner bed segment arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the first inner bed segment having the same length as the first shell segment, the sidewall of the second inner bed segment being retracted inwardly along the direction of gravity, the second inner bed segment being shorter than the second shell segment, and the distal end of the third inner bed segment extending axially to form an outlet extending out of the second shell segment; Along the direction of gravity, the inner wall of the first inner bed section is expanded outward.

10. An operating method of the particulate matter capture and impurity gas adsorption coupled purification device according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The gas to be treated is input from the gas phase inlet of the cyclone housing, and the gas to be treated is transformed into a cyclonic state in the centrifugal dust removal chamber and moves downward; The outer silo is loaded with capture particles, and the capture particles are moved from top to bottom in the outer silo; the inner silo is loaded with adsorption particles, and the adsorption particles are moved from top to bottom in the inner silo; Each of the spiral nozzles is connected to the air supply pipe, and a clean air flow is introduced into the external silo. The clean air flow is used to blow the side walls of the built-in particle bed and bring the dust particles deposited on the side walls of the built-in particle bed into the centrifugal dust removal chamber for discharge.

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