Method for enriching lithium and gallium in coal gangue by cooperating flotation with kaolinite

Abstract

The application discloses a method for enriching and separating metal lithium and gallium from coal gangue by synergic flotation, and belongs to the technical field of coal-based metal enrichment and extraction, and aims at solving the problems of difficult physical separation and low separation efficiency of coal-based metal lithium and gallium in the prior art. The method comprises the following steps: pre-concentration of the coal gangue to remove part of carbon-containing minerals and obtain roughed material; grinding of the tailings after roughing to obtain ground material; decarburization flotation of the ground material to obtain decarburized flotation material; pyrite removal flotation of the decarburized flotation material to obtain pyrite-removed flotation material; and quartz removal flotation of the pyrite-removed flotation material. The method can be used for enriching and separating metal lithium and gallium from coal gangue by synergic flotation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of coal-based metal enrichment and extraction, and particularly relates to a method for synergistic flotation and enrichment of metal lithium and gallium in coal gangue and kaolinite. BACKGROUND

[0002] The separation and pre-enrichment of metal lithium and gallium are conducive to improving the efficiency of subsequent activation, leaching and other treatment processes. However, due to the characteristics of fine and dispersed distribution, low grade and mixed storage of coarse and fine particles of metal lithium and gallium in coal gangue, the traditional separation technology is not applicable and the separation efficiency is low. SUMMARY

[0003] In view of the above analysis, the application aims to provide a process and reagent for synergistic flotation and enrichment of metal lithium and gallium in coal gangue and kaolinite, so as to solve the problems of difficult physical separation and low separation efficiency of coal-based metal lithium and gallium in the prior art.

[0004] The main purpose of the application is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0005] The application provides a method for synergistic flotation and enrichment of metal lithium and gallium in coal gangue and kaolinite, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: pre-rough separation of coal gangue to remove part of carbon-containing minerals to obtain rough separation material;

[0007] Step 2: grinding of the rough separation tailings to obtain ground material;

[0008] Step 3: decarbonization flotation of the ground material to obtain decarbonization flotation material;

[0009] Step 4: pyrite removal flotation of the decarbonization flotation material to obtain pyrite removal flotation material;

[0010] Step 5: quartz removal flotation of the pyrite removal flotation material to complete the synergistic flotation and enrichment of metal lithium and gallium in coal gangue and kaolinite.

[0011] Further, in step 1, the particle size of the coal gangue is less than or equal to 0.5 mm.

[0012] Further, in step 2, the ball ratio in the grinding mill is 1:8-12, the grinding concentration is 45-60 wt.%, and the grinding time is 3-10 min.

[0013] Further, in step 3, the flotation concentration of decarbonization flotation is 70-90 g / L.

[0014] Further, the collector for decarbonization flotation is diesel oil, and the dosage of the collector is 800-1000 g / t.

[0015] Furthermore, the frother for decarbonization flotation is octanol, and the dosage of the frother is 500-700 g / t.

[0016] Furthermore, the flotation machine speed for decarbonization flotation is 1600~1900r / min, and the aeration volume for decarbonization flotation is 0.08~0.12m 3 / min.

[0017] Furthermore, step 4 includes the following steps:

[0018] Step 41: adding an activator and an inhibitor to the decarbonized flotation material, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry;

[0019] Step 42: Adjust the pH value to 5-6;

[0020] Step 43: adding a collector to the mixed slurry after adjusting the pH value, and then mixing and stirring;

[0021] Step 44: adding a foaming agent to the mixed slurry containing the collector;

[0022] Step 45: Aeration is added to the mixed pulp containing the frother to perform aeration flotation.

[0023] Furthermore, step 5 includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 51: adding an inhibitor to the depyrite flotation material and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry;

[0025] Step 52: Adjust the pH value to 5-6;

[0026] Step 53: adding an activator to the mixed slurry after adjusting the pH value, and then mixing and stirring;

[0027] Step 54: adding a mixed collector to the mixed slurry containing the activator and mixing and stirring;

[0028] Step 55: Without adding a frother, aeration is added to the mixed slurry containing the collector to perform aeration flotation.

[0029] Furthermore, in step 54, the collector is a binary anion and cation mixture.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention can achieve at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The method for cooperatively floating and enriching metal lithium and gallium in coal gangue and kaolinite provided by the application has strong feasibility, is fast and accurate, cooperatively enriches metal lithium and gallium in coal gangue, can realize selective separation of fine-grained lithium and gallium occurrence phase, separates kaolinite minerals from coal gangue, obtains high lithium and gallium metal enrichment rate and kaolinite minerals, solves the problems of difficult physical separation and low separation efficiency of existing coal-based metal lithium and gallium, and reduces the cost and pressure of subsequent fire enrichment and leaching adsorption separation of coal-based metal lithium and gallium after extraction, improves the raw material grade, fully utilizes the effect of waste resource utilization, and effectively improves the value and resource utilization of coal gangue.

[0032] In the application, the above technical solutions can be combined with each other to realize more preferred combination solutions. Other features and advantages of the application will be described in the subsequent description, and some advantages will become apparent from the description or can be understood by implementing the application. The purposes and other advantages of the application can be realized and obtained through the contents specifically indicated in the description, examples and drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0034] Figure 1 A flow chart of the method for cooperatively floating and enriching metal lithium and gallium in coal gangue and kaolinite provided by the application;

[0035] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a roughing device in the method for cooperatively floating and enriching metal lithium and gallium in coal gangue and kaolinite provided by the application;

[0036] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a first mesh plate in the method for cooperatively floating and enriching metal lithium and gallium in coal gangue and kaolinite provided by the application;

[0037] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a coal gangue ore slurry feeding pipe in the method for cooperatively floating and enriching metal lithium and gallium in coal gangue and kaolinite provided by the application.

[0038] Reference signs:

[0039] 1-carbonaceous mineral discharge port; 2-L-shaped mounting rod; 3-first mesh plate; 31-flow stabilizing net; 32-flushing through hole; 33-slow flow sheet; 4-second mesh plate; 5-dissociation impeller; 51-wheel plate; 52-reinforcement hole; 6-feeding area; 7-dissociation area; 8-decarbonization area; 9-material discharge port after roughing; 10-flushing water outlet; 11-gear; 12-rack; 13-gangue slurry feed pipe; 131-first pipe; 132-second pipe; 133-convex ring; 14-gangue slurry feed port; 15-first brush; 16-second brush. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of the present invention and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] The occurrence phase of lithium and gallium in coal gangue is primarily clay minerals, primarily kaolinite. Based on the concept of phase identification and separation, the physical separation and pre-enrichment of lithium and gallium, as well as the differences in properties between the occurrence phase and the non-occurrence phase, provide the theoretical basis for achieving lithium and gallium physical separation. Therefore, flotation is a relatively promising method for separating the occurrence phase of lithium and gallium. However, there is currently no flotation separation technology that can enhance the occurrence phase of lithium and gallium.

[0042] The present invention provides a method for the synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue, see Figure 1 , including the following steps:

[0043] Step 1: Pre-roughing the gangue to remove some carbon-containing minerals to obtain roughed materials;

[0044] Step 2: Grinding the roughing tailings to separate the various phases (e.g., carbonaceous minerals, pyrite, and quartz) to obtain ground material;

[0045] Step 3: Decarbonizing and flotating the ground material to obtain decarbonized and flotated material;

[0046] Step 4: performing depyrite flotation on the decarbonized flotation material to obtain a depyrite flotation material;

[0047] Step 5: The material after pyrite flotation is subjected to quartz flotation to complete the synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in the coal gangue.

[0048] It should be noted that the above-mentioned method of co-flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue is only effective for coal gangue with a particle size of less than 0.5 mm.

[0049] Compared with the existing technology, the method for the synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue provided by the present invention is highly feasible, fast and accurate, and can synergistically enrich metallic lithium gallium in coal gangue, thereby realizing the selective separation of fine-grained lithium gallium occurrence phase, separating kaolinite minerals from coal gangue, obtaining a higher lithium gallium metal enrichment rate and kaolinite minerals, and solving the problems of difficult physical separation and enrichment of existing coal-based metallic lithium gallium and low separation efficiency; at the same time, the above method can also reduce the cost and pressure of subsequent pyrometallurgical enrichment and leaching adsorption separation of coal-based metallic lithium gallium extraction, improve the grade of raw materials, make full use of the effect of waste resource utilization, and effectively enhance the value of coal gangue and resource utilization.

[0050] In order to improve the effect and efficiency of grinding, for example, in the above step 2, the material-ball ratio in the grinding mill is 1:8~12 (for example, 1:10), the grinding medium is 5~7mm ceramic balls, the grinding concentration (referring to the percentage of tailings after roughing in the mill in the total mass) is 45~60wt.% (for example, 50wt.%), and the grinding time is 3~10min (for example, 5min).

[0051] In order to improve the effect and efficiency of decarbonization flotation, for example, in the above step 3, the flotation concentration of decarbonization flotation is 70-90 g / L (for example, 80 g / L), the collector of decarbonization flotation is diesel, the amount of decarbonization flotation is 800-1000 g / t, the frother of decarbonization flotation is 2-octanol, the amount of frother is 500-700 g / t, the flotation machine speed of decarbonization flotation is 1600-1900 r / min (for example, 1800 r / min), and the aeration volume is 0.08-0.12 m 3 / min (for example, 0.1m 3 / min).

[0052] It should be noted that in the decarbonization flotation process of coal gangue, using non-polar hydrocarbon oil (i.e. diesel) as a collector can significantly improve the carbon-ash separation effect of decarbonization flotation. The interaction force between the carbon-containing components and the diesel molecules is greater than the interaction force between the diesel molecules themselves. The diesel droplets are adsorbed and spread on the surface of the carbon-containing components to form a hydrophobic thin oil film, thereby improving the hydrophobicity of the surface of the carbon-containing components.

[0053] In order to improve the effect and efficiency of depyrite flotation, illustratively, the above step 4 includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 41: adding an activator and an inhibitor to the decarbonized flotation material, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry. The activator and the inhibitor are both oxalic acid, the amount of oxalic acid is 0.3-0.5 mmol / L, and the mixing and stirring time is 55-70 seconds (for example, 60 seconds).

[0055] Step 42: Adjust the pH value to 5-6 using H2SO4;

[0056] Step 43: adding a collector to the pH-adjusted mixed slurry and mixing and stirring, wherein the amyl collector is potassium xanthate, the amount of the collector is 0.3-0.4 mmol / L, and the mixing and stirring time is 55-70 seconds (e.g., 60 seconds);

[0057] Step 44: adding a foaming agent to the mixed ore pulp containing the collector, wherein the foaming agent is pine oil, and the amount of the foaming agent is 40-60 g / t;

[0058] Step 45: Aerate the mixed pulp containing the frother for aeration flotation, with an aeration volume of 0.08~0.12m 3 / min (for example, 0.1m 3 / min).

[0059] It should be noted that in the flotation process of pyrite removal from coal gangue, oxalic acid is used as an activator and inhibitor. Oxalic acid molecules easily form chelates with metal ions on the surface of pyrite, causing hydrophilic substances on the surface of pyrite to fall off, thereby activating the flotation of pyrite. At the same time, oxalic acid can also inhibit the floating of minerals such as quartz and kaolinite.

[0060] In addition, using potassium amyl xanthate as a collector, potassium amyl xanthate is oxidized on the surface of pyrite to generate the corresponding dixanthate, which enhances the hydrophobicity of the pyrite surface and thus improves the floatability of pyrite.

[0061] In order to improve the effect and efficiency of de-quartzing flotation, illustratively, the above step 5 includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 51: adding an inhibitor to the depyrite flotation material and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry, wherein the inhibitor is oxalic acid, the amount of oxalic acid is 5-15 mmol / L, and the mixing and stirring time is 55-70 seconds (for example, 60 seconds);

[0063] Step 52: Adjust the pH value to 5-6 using H2SO4;

[0064] Step 53: Add activator to the mixed slurry after adjusting pH value and mix and stir. The activator is Al 3+ For the solution, the amount of activator is 0.5-0.8 mmol / L, and the mixing time is 55-70 s (e.g., 60 s);

[0065] Step 54: adding a mixed collector to the mixed slurry containing the activator and mixing and stirring, wherein the mixed collector is a binary anion-cation mixture, wherein the cation is dodecylamine hydrochloride and the anion is sodium oleate, and the mixing and stirring time is 55 to 70 seconds (e.g., 60 seconds);

[0066] Step 55: Without adding a foaming agent, aeration is performed on the mixed slurry containing the collector, and the aeration volume is 0.08~0.12m 3 / min (for example, 0.1m 3 / min).

[0067] It should be noted that in the process of dequartz flotation, oxalic acid is used as an inhibitor. Oxalic acid molecules react with metal ions on the surface of kaolinite to generate hydrophilic products that adhere to the surface of kaolinite and hinder the adsorption of collectors, thereby achieving the purpose of inhibiting kaolinite.

[0068] Al 3+ As an activator, it can activate quartz, Al 3+ It is mainly adsorbed on the quartz surface in the form of ionic hydroxyl compounds or hydroxide precipitation, increasing the adsorption capacity of the collector.

[0069] A binary anion-cation mixture is used as a collector, the molar ratio of cation to anion is 1:0.8~1.2 (for example, 1:1), and the dosage of the collector is 0.2~0.4mmol / L. The binary anion-cation mixture relies on N, O ions to be adsorbed on the quartz surface to reduce its surface hydrophilicity.

[0070] The dodecylamine hydrochloride in the binary anion-cation mixed collector undergoes ion-dipole interaction with the quartz surface, and the sodium oleate undergoes electrostatic interaction with the quartz surface. The two will undergo synergistic adsorption, which can significantly improve the flotation effect.

[0071] For example, in step 1 above, the roughing equipment of the following structure can be used for the preliminary roughing. Specifically, see Figure 2 The roughing equipment includes a gangue slurry feed pipe 13, a roughing drum, and a first mesh plate 3, a second mesh plate 4 and a dissociation impeller 5 arranged in the roughing drum. The first mesh plate 3 and the second mesh plate 4 divide the space in the roughing drum into a feed zone 6, a dissociation zone 7 and a decarbonization zone 8 from top to bottom. A carbon-containing mineral discharge port 1 and a gangue slurry feed port 14 are provided on the roughing drum corresponding to the feed zone 6. The gangue slurry feed pipe 13 is connected to the gangue slurry feed port 14. The dissociation impeller 5 is arranged in the dissociation zone 7. A discharge port 9 for roughed material and a flushing water port 10 are provided on the roughing drum corresponding to the decarbonization zone 8.

[0072] During implementation, the gangue slurry is slowly fed into the feeding zone 6 from the gangue slurry feeding port 14 through the gangue slurry feeding pipe 13. Under the action of the first mesh plate 3, the flow rate of the slurry is further reduced; the slurry in the feeding zone 6 is slowly fed into the dissociation zone 7 through the gaps in the first mesh plate 3, and the dissociation impeller 5 rotates to stir the slurry, and the slurry is fully dissociated by mechanical shear force; the dissociated slurry is slowly fed into the decarbonization zone 8 through the gaps in the second mesh plate 4, and flushing water is fed into the dissociation zone 7 through the flushing water port 10 to flush the dissociated slurry and separate the gangue particles from the carbon-containing minerals. Driven by the flushing water, the carbon-containing minerals with smaller mass are brought to the carbon-containing mineral discharge port 1 at the top of the roughing barrel and discharged from the carbon-containing mineral discharge port 1, and the gangue particles with larger mass are discharged from the roughing material discharge port 9 at the bottom of the roughing barrel.

[0073] The roughing equipment of this structure adopts the first mesh plate 3 and the second mesh plate 4 as flow stabilizers, which can control the flow velocity of the slurry, reduce the mutual influence of the feeding zone 6, the dissociation zone 7 and the decarbonization zone 8, and realize independent and efficient operation of each area, thereby ensuring the optimization of the separation efficiency of carbon-containing minerals and coal gangue particles; since the flow direction of the slurry is opposite to the flow direction of the flushing water, the upward-flowing flushing water can flush the gaps of the first mesh plate 3 and the second mesh plate 4 and the residue in the roughing barrel, avoiding the carbon-containing minerals from clogging the gaps of the first mesh plate 3, the gaps of the second mesh plate 4 and the roughing barrel, realizing self-cleaning of the roughing equipment, and ensuring the cleaning efficiency and long-term stable operation of the roughing equipment.

[0074] For the structures of the first mesh plate 3 and the second mesh plate 4, see Figure 3 , which includes a mesh, which is in the shape of a grid, with a flow-stabilizing net 31 set in some grids, and the remaining grids are through holes 32, wherein the through holes 32 can ensure that the flushing water passes smoothly and flows upward quickly to flush the slurry in the decarbonization zone 8, the dissociation zone 7 and the feeding zone 6, thereby ensuring the roughing efficiency and effect. The flow-stabilizing net 31 can properly isolate the decarbonization zone 8, the dissociation zone 7 and the feeding zone 6, reduce the liquid level fluctuations in the feeding zone 6 and the decarbonization zone 8, thereby reducing the influence of the disturbance generated by the rotation of the dissociation impeller 5 in the dissociation zone 7 on the feeding zone 6 and the decarbonization zone 8.

[0075] In order to further reduce the impact of the rotation of the dissociation impeller 5 on the feed zone 6 and the decarbonization zone 8, the above-mentioned first mesh plate 3 and the second mesh plate 4 also include a slow flow sheet 33. The slow flow sheet 33 is arranged on the side of the mesh plate facing the dissociation zone 7. From the dual perspectives of stable flow and smooth flushing water, the slow flow sheet 33 is fixedly connected to the side of the flow stabilizing net 31. This is because the fluctuations generated by the rotation of the dissociation impeller 5 are mainly along the radial direction of the coarse selection barrel. Through the setting of the slow flow sheet 33, the fluctuations in the dissociation zone 7 can be pre-stabilized, further reducing the impact of the rotation of the dissociation impeller 5 on the feed zone 6 and the decarbonization zone 8, ensuring the uniform distribution of the slurry during the flow process, and avoiding excessively fast or uneven flow rate resulting in reduced processing efficiency and poor effect.

[0076] In order to improve the high shear forced dissociation effect, the structure of the dissociation impeller 5, specifically, includes a wheel plate 51 and a reinforcement hole 52 opened on the wheel plate 51. Through the setting of the reinforcement hole 52, bubbles can be generated during the stirring process of the slurry, thereby improving the high shear forced dissociation effect.

[0077] To further enhance the high-shear forced dissociation effect, multiple strengthening holes 52 are arranged vertically along the wheel plate 51. From top to bottom, the width of the wheel plate 51 and the area of ​​the strengthening holes 52 gradually increase. Thus, as the drive shaft rotates, the gradually increasing wheel plate 51 gradually increases the shear force on the slurry, improving the mixing and homogenization of the slurry and ensuring that the slurry undergoes sufficient strong shear dissociation during the processing process, thereby achieving a more efficient dissociation effect.

[0078] Considering that the gangue slurry feed port will inevitably deposit too much coal slime after long-term feeding, resulting in blockage, in the prior art, for the blockage of the pipeline, it is usually necessary to remove the pipeline. However, this method requires suspending the coal slime dissociation and roughing treatment, and the process is complicated. In this embodiment, the gangue slurry feed pipe 13 is a telescopic branch, see Figure 4 , that is, it includes a first tube 131 and a second tube 132 connected in sequence, the first tube is located outside the roughing tube, the second tube 132 is located inside the roughing tube, the second tube 132 is sleeved on the outer wall of the first tube 131 and is slidably sealed with the first tube 131, the first tube 131 is located outside the roughing tube, and the second tube 132 is provided with a convex ring 133 at one end close to the first tube 131, the second tube 132 is located inside the roughing tube, and the convex ring 133 is located outside the roughing tube.

[0079] The above-mentioned roughing equipment also includes a feed pipe cleaning member, which includes a first brush 15. The brush rod end of the first brush 15 is fixedly connected to the first tube 131, and the bristle end of the first brush 15 protrudes into the second tube 132. The bristles of the first brush 15 contact the inner wall of the second tube 132. Figure 4In this way, the operator pulls the convex ring 133 back and forth to make the second tube 132 move relative to the first tube 131 , and the first brush 15 can brush the inner wall of the second tube 132 .

[0080] In order to be able to brush the discharge end of the second tube 132, the above-mentioned feed tube cleaning member also includes a second brush 16, a rack 12, a gear 11 and an L-shaped mounting rod 2. One end of the rack 12 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the coarse selection drum, and the other end is suspended. The gear 11 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the second tube 132 via a gear shaft. The gear 11 and the rack 12 are vertically meshed. One end of the L-shaped mounting rod 2 is fixedly connected to the gear 11, and the other end of the L-shaped mounting rod 2 is fixedly connected to the brush rod end of the second brush 16. The bristles of the second brush 16 contact the discharge end of the second tube 132. In this way, when the second tube 132 reciprocates up and down, it drives the gear 11 to reciprocate on the rack 12, which in turn drives the gear 11 to rotate and the L-shaped mounting rod 2 to swing, causing the bristles to swing back and forth relative to the discharge end of the second tube 132, thereby brushing the discharge end of the second tube 132.

[0081] Example 1

[0082] In this embodiment, lithium gallium elements and kaolinite are pre-enriched by synergistic flotation on a coal gangue in Pingshuo, Shanxi Province, with a process flow of "pre-roughing - grinding and dissociation - flotation decarbonization - flotation deironization - flotation dequartzization".

[0083] Specifically, the ore pulp is pre-roughed. The roughing tailings are ground for dissociation, the grinding concentration is 50%, and the grinding time is 5 minutes. After grinding and dissociation, further flotation decarbonization is carried out, the amount of collector diesel is 1000g / t, the amount of frother octanol is 700g / t, and aeration flotation is started. The flotation tailings are further floated for iron removal, the amount of inhibitor and activator oxalic acid used is 0.5mmol / L, the solution pH is adjusted to 5, the collector potassium amyl xanthate is added in an amount of 0.3mmol / L, the frother pine oil is added in an amount of 60g / t, and aeration flotation is started. The flotation tailings are further floated for quartz removal, the amount of inhibitor oxalic acid used is 12mmol / L, the solution pH is adjusted to 5, and the activator Al is added. 3+ The method uses a 0.6 mmol / L mixed anion and cation collector at a dosage of 0.2 mmol / L. No frother is required, and aeration flotation begins. The enrichment ratios for lithium and gallium in the flotation tailings are 1.31 and 1.20, respectively. The recovery rate of the kaolinite phase is 45.2%, achieving simultaneous pre-enrichment of lithium, gallium, and kaolinite in the gangue.

[0084] Example 2

[0085] In this embodiment, lithium gallium elements and kaolinite are pre-enriched by synergistic flotation on a coal gangue in Pingshuo, Shanxi Province, with a process flow of "pre-roughing - grinding and dissociation - flotation decarbonization - flotation deironization - flotation dequartzization".

[0086] Specifically, the ore pulp is pre-roughed. The roughing tailings are ground for dissociation, the grinding concentration is 55%, and the grinding time is 8 minutes. After grinding and dissociation, further flotation decarbonization is carried out, the amount of collector diesel is 800g / t, the amount of frother octanol is 500g / t, and aeration flotation is started. The flotation tailings are further floated for iron removal, the amount of inhibitor or activator oxalic acid used is 0.4mmol / L, the solution pH is adjusted to 6, the collector potassium amyl xanthate is added in an amount of 0.4mmol / L, the frother pine oil is added in an amount of 50g / t, and aeration flotation is started. The flotation tailings are further floated for quartz removal, the amount of inhibitor oxalic acid used is 10mmol / L, the solution pH is adjusted to 6, and the activator Al 3+ The method uses a 0.5 mmol / L mixed anion and cation collector at a dosage of 0.3 mmol / L. No frother is required, and aeration flotation begins. The enrichment ratios for lithium and gallium in the flotation tailings are 1.38 and 1.26, respectively. The recovery rate of the kaolinite phase is 42.6%, achieving simultaneous pre-enrichment of lithium, gallium, and kaolinite in the gangue.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for the synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: Pre-roughing the gangue slurry to obtain some carbon-containing minerals and roughing tailings, and removing some carbon-containing minerals; Step 2: Grind the rougher tailings to obtain ground material; Step 3: Decarbonization flotation is performed on the ground material, using diesel as a collector and octanol as a frother to obtain some carbon-containing minerals and decarbonization flotation tailings; Step 4: performing depyrite flotation on the decarbonized flotation tailings, using oxalic acid as an activator and inhibitor, potassium amyl xanthate as a collector, and pine oil as a frother to obtain pyrite and depyrite flotation tailings; Step 5: The pyrite flotation tailings are subjected to dequartzing flotation, using oxalic acid as a depressant, Al3+ as an activator, a binary anion and cation mixed reagent as a mixed collector, the cation is dodecylamine hydrochloride, and the anion is sodium oleate, to obtain quartz and enriched coal gangue, completing the synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in the coal gangue.

2. The method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, the particle size of the coal gangue is less than 0.5 mm.

3. The method for co-flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 2, the material-to-ball ratio in the grinding mill is 1:8-12, the grinding concentration is 45-60 wt.%, and the grinding time is 3-10 min.

4. The method for synergistic flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diesel consumption is 800-1000 g / t.

5. The method for co-flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The usage of the secondary octanol is 500-700 g / t.

6. The method for co-flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 4 comprises the following steps: Step 41: adding an activator and an inhibitor to the decarbonized flotation tailings, and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry; Step 42: Adjust the pH value to 5-6; Step 43: adding a collector to the mixed slurry after adjusting the pH value, and then mixing and stirring; Step 44: adding a foaming agent to the mixed slurry containing the collector; Step 45: Aeration is added to the mixed pulp containing the frother to perform aeration flotation.

7. The method for co-flotation enrichment of metallic lithium gallium and kaolinite in coal gangue according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 5 comprises the following steps: Step 51: adding an inhibitor to the depyrite flotation tailings and mixing and stirring to obtain a mixed slurry; Step 52: Adjust the pH value to 5-6; Step 53: adding an activator to the mixed slurry after adjusting the pH value, and then mixing and stirring; Step 54: adding a mixed collector to the mixed slurry containing the activator and mixing and stirring; Step 55: Without adding a frother, aeration is added to the mixed slurry containing the mixed collector to perform aeration flotation.

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