Machining method of flat gear box

Abstract

A machining method of a flat gear box relates to the field of gear box machining, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, transversely placing a box cover and a box body of the flat gear box on a workbench respectively, adjusting a joint surface of the box cover and the box body to be horizontal through a sizing block, and roughly machining bearing holes and the joint surface of the box cover and the box body by taking the joint surface as a reference; carrying out finish machining on the box cover, a bearing hole of the box body and a joint surface, and closing the box to obtain a machined flat gear box; or the bearing hole of the box cover is subjected to primary finish machining with allowance, the box body is subjected to finish machining, the box cover and the box body are combined, then the box cover is subjected to secondary finish machining, and the machined flat gear box is obtained. The problems that in the prior art, a flat gearbox is low in machining precision and high in machining cost can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of gear box processing, in particular to a processing method for a flat gear box. Background Art

[0002] In mechanical transmission systems, the gearbox is one of the key components, and its processing quality and precision have an important impact on the performance and reliability of the entire transmission system.

[0003] The flat gearbox is different from the general gearbox in structure. The bearing hole of the general gearbox is located on the side wall of the box, and the bearing hole is divided into an upper hole and a lower hole horizontally. The openings of the upper hole and the lower hole are opposite to each other and are respectively located in the upper box and the lower box. During processing, the upper box and the lower box are generally combined first to make the upper and lower holes form a complete bearing hole, and then processing is carried out. However, the bearing hole of the flat gearbox is a full circle, so it needs to be processed in a way different from that of the general gearbox.

[0004] In the prior art, the processing method for flat gearboxes is generally as follows: Figure 8 The horizontal processing shown (the center axis of the tool for processing the bearing hole is set horizontally at this time) requires the preparation of the corresponding clamping tool 13 before the processing operation is carried out. Then, the flat gearbox is erected by the clamping tool 13, and then the corresponding tool is used to process the box body and the bearing hole. There are the following problems: 1. The cost of preparing the clamping tool is high; 2. The flat gearbox is in a vertical state, and the bearing hole in it lacks a processing reference during processing, so the processing accuracy is not high; 3. The tool for processing the bearing hole is set horizontally, and the fixed end of the tool is connected to the power head, and the working end is suspended. At this time, the working end of the tool will tilt downward due to its own gravity, and it is not easy to maintain a stable horizontal state. Therefore, it is not easy to grasp the processing accuracy of the bearing hole, especially when using a heavier tool. This tilting degree is more serious, which has a greater impact on the processing accuracy of the bearing hole. Therefore, the processing method of the flat gearbox needs to be further improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a method for processing a flat gear box, so as to solve the problems of low processing precision and high processing cost of the flat gear box in the prior art.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the specific scheme adopted by the present invention is: a processing method of a flat gearbox, firstly placing the box cover and the box body of the flat gearbox horizontally on the workbench respectively, adjusting the joint surface of the box cover and the box body to be horizontal by using shims, and taking the joint surface as a reference, rough-processing the bearing holes and the joint surface of the box cover and the box body, and then fine-processing the bearing holes and the joint surface of the box cover and the box body, and assembling the box to obtain the processed flat gearbox; or, performing a first fine-processing on the bearing hole of the box cover with a margin, fine-processing the box body, assembling the box cover and the box body, and then performing a second fine-processing on the box cover to obtain the processed flat gearbox.

[0007] As a further optimization of the above technical solution: the following steps are included:

[0008] S1: Processing shims: The shims include cover shims, box body shims and equal height shims. A number of cover shims are processed according to the hole drop of the cover bearing hole, a number of box body shims are processed according to the hole drop of the box body bearing hole, and a number of equal height shims with the same height are processed;

[0009] S2: Place the box cover and the box body as workpieces horizontally on the workbench respectively, keep the joint surface of the workpiece downward, adjust the joint surface of the workpiece to be horizontal by using the shims of equal height, and perform rough machining on the end face and aperture of the bearing hole of the workpiece; turn over, keep the joint surface of the workpiece upward, adjust the joint surface of the workpiece to be horizontal by using the shims of the box cover or the box body, and perform rough machining on the joint surface of the workpiece;

[0010] S3: Stress relief and shot peening of the workpiece;

[0011] S4: Use method 1 or method 2 to perform fine processing on the housing and the housing cover to obtain a processed flat gearbox;

[0012] Among them, method one: place the workpiece horizontally on the workbench, adjust the joint surface of the workpiece to be horizontal according to the method of step S2, perform fine processing on the joint surface of the workpiece and the aperture and end surface of the bearing hole on the workpiece, and assemble the workpiece to obtain the processed flat gearbox;

[0013] Method 2: First, place the case cover horizontally on the workbench, adjust the joint surface of the case cover to be horizontal according to the method of step S2, perform a primary fine processing on the aperture and end surface of the bearing hole on the case cover with a processing allowance, and perform fine processing on the joint surface of the case cover; secondly, place the case body horizontally on the workbench, adjust the joint surface of the case body to be horizontal according to the method of step S2, perform fine processing on the joint surface of the case body and the aperture and end surface of the bearing hole on the case body, then keep the case body on the workbench with the joint surface facing upward, put the case cover and the case body together, and after the combination, perform secondary fine processing on the aperture and end surface of the bearing hole on the case cover to obtain the processed flat gear box.

[0014] As a further optimization of the above technical solution: Step S2 is specifically as follows:

[0015] Rough machining of the box cover: Place the box cover horizontally on the workbench, keep its joint surface facing downward, adjust its joint surface to be horizontal through equal height shims, and use the joint surface as a reference to perform rough machining on the bore diameter and end surface of the bearing hole of the box cover. Then turn it over, keep the joint surface facing upward, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal through the box cover shims, and perform rough machining on the joint surface.

[0016] Rough machining of the box body: place the box body horizontally on the workbench, keep the mating surface facing downward, and adjust the mating surface to be horizontal through equal-height shims. Taking the mating surface as a reference, rough-machine the aperture and end face of the bearing hole of the box body, then turn it over, keep the mating surface facing upward, adjust the mating surface to be horizontal through the box body shims, and rough-machine the mating surface.

[0017] As a further optimization of the above technical solution: during the rough machining, a machining allowance of 6 mm is reserved for the bore diameter of the bearing hole, a machining allowance of 5 mm is reserved for the end face, and a machining allowance of 5 mm is reserved for the joint surface.

[0018] As a further optimization of the above technical solution: the method for rough machining the bore diameter of the bearing hole is drilling, and the method for rough machining the end face and the mating surface of the bearing hole is milling.

[0019] As a further optimization of the above technical solution: in step S4, method 1 is specifically as follows:

[0020] Finishing of the box cover: Place the box cover horizontally on the workbench, keep the joint surface facing upward, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal through the box cover shim, finish the joint surface to the target size, and then process the box bolt holes and the upper box top screw holes, turn it over, keep its joint surface facing downward, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal through the equal height shim. With the joint surface as the reference, finish the bore diameter and end face of the bearing hole on the box cover to the target size, and then drill the pin hole;

[0021] Finishing of the box: Place the box horizontally on the workbench, keep its joint surface facing downward, adjust its joint surface to be horizontal through equal height shims, and use the joint surface as a reference to finish the bore diameter and end surface of the bearing hole on the box to the target size. Turn it over, keep the joint surface facing upward, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal through the box shims, finish the joint surface to the target size, align the bearing hole position, and drill the pin hole and the bolt hole for closing the box;

[0022] The processing of the flat gearbox is completed by assembling the finely machined case cover and case body.

[0023] As a further optimization of the above technical solution: in step S4, method 2 is specifically as follows:

[0024] Finishing of the box cover: Place the box cover horizontally on the workbench, keep its joint surface facing upward, adjust its joint surface to be horizontal through the box cover shim, finish the joint surface to the target size, and then process the box bolt holes and the upper box top screw holes, turn it over, keep its joint surface facing downward, adjust its joint surface to be horizontal through the equal height shim, and use the joint surface as a reference to perform a first finish machining of the bore diameter and end surface of the bearing hole on the box cover with a machining allowance, and then drill the pin hole;

[0025] Finishing of the box: Place the box horizontally on the workbench, keep its joint surface facing downward, adjust its joint surface to be horizontal through equal height shims, and use the joint surface as a reference to finish the bore diameter and end surface of the bearing hole on the box to the target size. Turn it over, keep the joint surface facing upward, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal through the box shims, finish the joint surface to the target size, align the bearing hole position, and drill the pin hole and the bolt hole for closing the box;

[0026] Box assembling: Keep the box body on the workbench with the joint surface facing upwards, and put the box cover on the box body to complete the box assembling, and then perform post-box assembling processing to obtain the processed flat gear box.

[0027] As a further optimization of the above technical solution: the machining allowance during one finishing process is 1mm

[0028] As a further optimization of the above technical solution: the post-assembly processing is specifically as follows: aligning the bearing hole of the box body, performing secondary finishing on the aperture and end face of the bearing hole on the box cover, so as to process the aperture and end face of the bearing hole on the box cover to the target size, thereby obtaining the processed flat gear box.

[0029] As a further optimization of the above technical solution: the method for fine machining the aperture of the bearing hole is boring, and the method for fine machining the end face of the bearing hole and the mating surface of the workpiece is milling.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The present invention places a flat gear box horizontally on a workbench and supports it with shims as a tooling underneath, thereby eliminating the need to manufacture specific clamping tooling. The manufacturing cost of the shims is low and can be ignored, thereby greatly reducing the equipment cost in the gear box processing process. The mating surface of the flat gear box can be aligned by adjusting the position of the shims, and the alignment is convenient. When processing the bearing hole, the aligned mating surface can be used as a reference to improve the processing accuracy of the gear box. The flat gear box is placed horizontally on the workbench. At this time, the tool for processing the bearing hole is vertically arranged, so that the tool will not be tilted, thereby improving the processing accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a side cross-sectional schematic diagram of the gear box after the gear box is assembled;

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the box cover structure;

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the box structure;

[0035] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the box cover processing process (the box cover joint surface is downward);

[0036] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the box cover processing process (the box cover joint surface is facing upward);

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the box body processing process (the box body joint surface is facing downward);

[0038] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the box body processing process (the box body joint surface is facing upward);

[0039] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the state of a gearbox when processing a flat gearbox in the prior art;

[0040] Figure numerals: 1. first box cover bearing hole, 2. second box cover bearing hole, 3. first box body bearing hole, 4. second box body bearing hole, 5. box closing pin hole, 6. upper box top screw hole, 7. box cover shim, 701. first box cover shim, 702. second box cover shim, 8. box body shim, 801. first box body shim, 802. second box body shim, 9. workbench, 10. power head, 11. tool, 12. equal height shims, 13. clamping tool. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The parts that are not described and disclosed in detail in the following embodiments of the present invention should be understood as the existing technologies known or should be known to those skilled in the art, such as specific drilling, boring, milling operation methods, etc.

[0042] The present invention discloses a processing method for a flat gearbox, which consists of a box body and a box cover. Since some bearing holes on the box body and the box cover are step holes, it is impossible to process two bearing holes on the same axis with one cutter when the box is assembled. Therefore, the processing method described in the present invention is separate box processing.

[0043] like Figure 1-3As shown, in this embodiment, there are three bearing holes on the case cover and the case body, respectively including two stepped bearing holes and a straight-cylindrical bearing hole located between the two stepped bearing holes, the two stepped bearing holes on the case cover are respectively the first case cover bearing hole 1 and the second case cover bearing hole 2, the two stepped bearing holes on the case body are respectively the first case body bearing hole 3 and the second case body bearing hole 4, the first case cover bearing hole 1 and the first case body bearing hole 3 are of the same size, the second case cover bearing hole 2 and the second case body bearing hole 4 are of the same size, after the gearbox is assembled, the first case cover bearing hole 1 and the first case body bearing hole 3 correspond, the second case cover bearing hole 2 and the second case body bearing hole 4 correspond, and the straight-cylindrical bearing holes on the case body and the case cover also correspond to each other.

[0044] The specific processing method of the flat gearbox is as follows:

[0045] S1: Making tooling

[0046] Based on the hole surface drop of the first box cover bearing hole 1 and the second box cover bearing hole 2 in the processing drawing, the box cover pad 7 is made. Specifically, the hole surface drop refers to the height difference of the bearing holes on the outer surface of the box cover, that is, Figure 1 As shown, when the joint surface of the box cover is adjusted to a horizontal state, the height difference between the upper end surface of the hole wall of the first box cover bearing hole 1 and the upper end surface of the hole wall of the second box cover bearing hole 2, the specific number of the box cover shims 7 can be adjusted according to the aperture size of the bearing hole. In this embodiment, the box cover shims 7 are cylindrical shims with flat upper and lower surfaces, and the box cover shims 7 are divided into a first box cover shim 701 and a second box cover shim 702, the first box cover shims 701 are two pieces, and the second box cover shims 702 are three pieces.

[0047] Similarly, based on the hole surface drop of the first box bearing hole 3 and the second box bearing hole 4 in the processing drawing, the box shim 8 is made. The hole surface drop of the box refers to the height difference of the bearing holes on the outer surface of the box, such as Figure 1 As shown, when the joint surface of the box is adjusted to a horizontal state, the height difference between the lower end surface of the hole wall of the third bearing hole 3 and the lower end surface of the hole wall of the fourth bearing hole 4. In this embodiment, the number of box body shims 8 is five, including two first box cover shims 801 and three second box cover shims 802.

[0048] Processing a number of shims of equal height. It should be noted that the shims prepared in the present invention are used as tooling to support the corresponding box body or box cover. The shims of equal height are common auxiliary tooling in production workshops and have strong versatility. Therefore, in practical applications, there is no need to process special shims of equal height, and the existing shims of equal height in the workshop can be used.

[0049] S2: Roughing

[0050] S201: Rough machining of box cover

[0051] S2011: Figure 4 As shown, place the box cover horizontally on the workbench 9, keep the joint surface of the box cover facing downward, support 6-8 equal-height pads 12 at the bottom of the joint surface of the box cover, and adjust the position of the equal-height pads 12 to adjust the joint surface of the box cover to a horizontal state;

[0052] S2012: Taking the joint surface as the reference, the end faces and the apertures of the first and second box cover bearing holes 1 and 2 are roughly processed. Since the box cover is thin, it is easy to deform during the subsequent stress relief. Therefore, a 5mm margin is left on the upper end face and a 6mm margin is left on the aperture. The aperture is roughly processed by drilling, and the end face is roughly processed by milling.

[0053] S2013: Turn over, that is Figure 5 As shown, the box cover is placed horizontally on the workbench 9, keeping the joint surface of the box cover 9 facing upward, supported on the lower end surface of the hole wall of the first box cover bearing hole 1 by two first box cover shims 701, and supported on the lower end surface of the hole wall of the second box cover bearing hole 2 by three second box cover shims 702, and the two first box cover shims 701 are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the first box cover bearing hole 1, and the three second box cover shims 702 are evenly distributed around the central axis of the second box cover bearing hole 2;

[0054] S2014: Rough milling of the joint surface of the box cover, leaving a 5mm margin on the joint surface;

[0055] S202: Rough machining of the box

[0056] S2021: Figure 6 As shown, place the box body horizontally on the workbench 9, keep the joint surface of the box body facing downward, support multiple equal-height pads 12 at the bottom of the joint surface of the box body, and adjust the position of the equal-height pads 12 to adjust the joint surface of the box body to a horizontal state;

[0057] S2022: Based on the joint surface, the end faces and the apertures of the first housing bearing hole 3 and the second housing bearing hole 4 are roughly processed, with a 5mm margin on the upper end face and a 6mm margin on the aperture, wherein the aperture is roughly processed by drilling, and the end faces are roughly processed by milling;

[0058] S2023: Turn over, that is Figure 7 As shown, keep the joint surface of the box body facing upward, support two first box body washers 801 on the lower end surface of the first box body bearing hole 3, and the two first box body washers 801 are symmetrically distributed along the central axis of the first box body bearing hole 3, support three second box body washers 802 on the lower end surface of the second box body bearing hole 4, and the three second box body washers 802 are evenly distributed around the central axis of the second box body bearing hole 4, move and adjust the position of the box body washers 8 to adjust the joint surface of the box body to a horizontal state.

[0059] S2024: Rough milling of the joint surface of the box body, leaving a 5mm margin on the joint surface;

[0060] S3: Stress relief + shot peening: Stress relief and shot peening are carried out by using existing technologies, which will not be described in detail here. It should be noted that during this process, the box cover and the box body must be kept horizontal to avoid causing too much deformation;

[0061] S4: Finishing

[0062] S401: Finishing of the box cover

[0063] S4011: Figure 5 As shown, place the box cover horizontally on the workbench, keep the joint surface facing upward, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal through the box cover shim 7 (the specific adjustment method is the same as step S2013). Since the box cover will be slightly deformed when relieving stress in step S3, the gap between the box cover shim 7 and the box cover can be measured with a feeler gauge, and then padded with copper sheets or the like to keep the joint surface in a horizontal state;

[0064] S4012: Fine mill the joint surface to the drawing size, then drill the bolt holes for the joint box and the top screw holes 6 for the upper box. Note that the pin holes are not drilled;

[0065] S4013: Flip the lid, such as Figure 4 As shown, keep the joint surface facing downward, place 6-8 equal-height shims under the box cover in the manner of step S2011, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal; take the joint surface as a reference, and fine-process the bore diameter and end face of the bearing hole according to the requirements of the drawing. The bearing hole is fine-processed by boring, and then the box pin hole 5 is processed to ensure the position accuracy of the box pin hole 5 and the bearing hole, and then other processes of the box cover are processed;

[0066] S402: Finished cabinet

[0067] S4021: If Figure 6 As shown, place the box horizontally on the workbench with the joint surface facing downward, place the same height pad 12 under the box in the manner of step S2021, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal; because the box will be slightly deformed during stress relief and shot peening in step S3, the gap between the box cover pad and the box can be measured with a feeler gauge, and then padded with copper sheets or the like to keep the joint surface of the box in a horizontal state;

[0068] S4022: Based on the joint surface, the apertures of the first housing bearing hole 3 and the second housing bearing hole 4 are finely bored, the end faces of the first housing bearing hole 3 and the second housing bearing hole 4 are finely milled, and then the bolt holes for the joint housing and the top screw holes 6 for the upper housing are drilled;

[0069] S4023: Turn the cabinet over, e.g. Figure 7As shown, keep the joint surface facing upward, adjust the joint surface to horizontal through the box shim 8 (the specific adjustment method is the same as step S2023), fine mill the joint surface to the drawing size, align the bearing hole position, drill the joint pin hole 5 and the joint screw hole, and process the remaining steps of the joint surface;

[0070] S4024: Assemble the finely machined case cover and case body to complete the processing of the gearbox.

[0071] It should be noted that in the process of rough machining and fine machining of the bearing holes, the corresponding aperture and end face machining are also performed on the straight cylindrical bearing holes on the housing and the housing cover. In the process of aligning the position of the bearing holes in the housing, the positions of the three bearing holes (including one straight cylindrical bearing hole and two stepped bearing holes) are aligned; the stepped bearing holes are divided along their axial direction into a large diameter section surrounded by the hole wall and a small diameter section surrounded by the stepped boss, and the small diameter section is close to the mating surface of the housing or the housing cover. The end face machining of the bearing hole includes machining the end face of the hole wall on the side of the bearing hole opposite to the mating surface and machining the step surface on the side of the bearing hole opposite to the mating surface. The aperture machining of the bearing hole includes machining the inner diameter of the large diameter section and the inner diameter of the small diameter section in the bearing hole.

[0072] Example 2

[0073] This embodiment is an improved solution based on the embodiment 1. Its overall steps are the same as those of the embodiment 1. The improvement is that step 4 adopts another processing method:

[0074] Steps S1-S3 are the same as those in Example 1 and will not be repeated here;

[0075] S4: Finishing

[0076] S401: Finishing of the box cover

[0077] S4011: Figure 5 As shown, place the box cover horizontally on the workbench 9, keep the joint surface facing upward, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal through the box cover shim 7 (the specific adjustment method is the same as step S2013). Since the box cover will be slightly deformed when relieving stress in step S3, the gap between the box cover shim 7 and the box cover can be measured with a feeler gauge, and then padded with copper sheets or the like to keep the joint surface in a horizontal state;

[0078] S4012: Fine mill the joint surface to the drawing size, and then drill the bolt holes for the joint box and the top screw holes for the upper box 6;

[0079] S4013: Flip the lid, such as Figure 4As shown, keep the joint surface facing downward, place 6-8 equal-height washers 12 under the box cover in accordance with step S2011, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal; take the joint surface as a reference, fine-process the bore diameter and upper end surface of the bearing hole. It should be noted that a certain margin is left in the fine milling and fine boring process of the bearing hole, and the specific margin is 1mm. The bearing hole diameter is fine-processed by boring, and the box pin hole 5 is processed after boring to ensure the position of the box pin hole 5 and the bearing hole, and then other processes of the box cover are processed;

[0080] S402: Finished cabinet

[0081] S4021: If Figure 6 As shown, place the box body horizontally on a workbench, keep the joint surface downward, place a shim 12 of equal height under the box body in the manner of step S2021, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal; because the box body will be slightly deformed during stress relief and shot peening in step S3, the gap between the box cover shim and the box body can be measured with a feeler gauge, and then padded with copper sheets or the like to keep the joint surface of the box body in a horizontal state;

[0082] S4022: Based on the mating surface, the diameter and end face of the bearing hole are precision bored, and then the bolt holes for the joint box and the top screw holes for the upper box are drilled 6;

[0083] S4023: Turn the cabinet over, e.g. Figure 7 As shown, keep the joint surface facing upward, adjust the joint surface to horizontal through the box shim 8 (the specific adjustment method is the same as step S2023), fine mill the joint surface to the drawing size, align the bearing hole position, drill the box pin hole and the box screw hole, and process the remaining steps of the joint surface;

[0084] S4024: Figure 7 As shown, continue to keep the box body on the workbench 9 with the joint surface facing upward, and directly put the finely machined box cover on the box body to complete the box assembly. After the box is assembled, align the bearing holes of the box body. Align the three groups of bearing holes (including one group of straight-cylindrical bearing holes and two groups of stepped bearing holes) three times to ensure the coaxiality of each group of bearing holes, then fine-bored the box cover bearing holes, and fine-milled the box cover bearing hole surfaces to the drawing dimensions to complete the processing of the gear box.

[0085] Through the processing method of this embodiment 2, even if there is a slight error in the position of the pin hole, the coaxiality of the bearing holes on the box body and the box cover can be guaranteed. Since the processing method described in Example 1 has strict requirements on the position of the bearing hole and the pin hole of the box, it requires a higher precision of the machine tool. By using the processing method described in Example 2, the gear box can also be accurately processed when the machine tool precision cannot be guaranteed.

[0086] The present invention processes the box body and the box cover by placing them horizontally on the workbench 9. At this time, no matter drilling, boring or milling, the power head 9 for controlling the corresponding tool 11 is in a vertical state. During the operation, the tool will not tilt, thereby improving the processing accuracy. In addition, by supporting the shims at the bottom of the box body or the box cover, it is convenient to level the box body and the box cover. In the present invention, only ten shims are required to be processed separately, and the processing cost is low and can be ignored. Therefore, the processing method of the present invention not only reduces the processing cost, but also improves the processing accuracy of the gear box.

[0087] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A method for processing a flat gearbox, characterized in that: First, place the cover and case of the flat gearbox horizontally on the workbench respectively, adjust the joint surface of the cover and case to be horizontal by shims, take the joint surface as a reference, perform rough processing on the bearing holes and joint surface of the cover and case, then perform fine processing on the bearing holes and joint surface of the cover and case, and put the case together to obtain the processed flat gearbox; alternatively, perform a fine processing on the bearing hole of the cover with a margin, perform fine processing on the case, put the cover and case together, and then perform a second fine processing on the cover to obtain the processed flat gearbox.

2. The method for processing a flat gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Processing shims: The shims include cover shims, box body shims and equal height shims. A number of cover shims are processed according to the hole drop of the cover bearing hole, a number of box body shims are processed according to the hole drop of the box body bearing hole, and a number of equal height shims with the same height are processed; S2: Place the box cover and the box body as workpieces horizontally on the workbench respectively, keep the joint surface of the workpiece downward, adjust the joint surface of the workpiece to be horizontal by using the shims of equal height, and perform rough machining on the end face and aperture of the bearing hole of the workpiece; turn over, keep the joint surface of the workpiece upward, adjust the joint surface of the workpiece to be horizontal by using the shims of the box cover or the box body, and perform rough machining on the joint surface of the workpiece; S3: Stress relief and shot peening of the workpiece; S4: Use method 1 or method 2 to perform fine processing on the housing and the housing cover to obtain a processed flat gearbox; Among them, method one: place the workpiece horizontally on the workbench, adjust the joint surface of the workpiece to be horizontal according to the method of step S2, perform fine processing on the joint surface of the workpiece and the aperture and end surface of the bearing hole on the workpiece, and assemble the workpiece to obtain the processed flat gearbox; Method 2: First, place the case cover horizontally on the workbench, adjust the joint surface of the case cover to be horizontal according to the method of step S2, perform a primary fine processing on the aperture and end surface of the bearing hole on the case cover with a processing allowance, and perform fine processing on the joint surface of the case cover; secondly, place the case body horizontally on the workbench, adjust the joint surface of the case body to be horizontal according to the method of step S2, perform fine processing on the joint surface of the case body and the aperture and end surface of the bearing hole on the case body, then keep the case body on the workbench with the joint surface facing upward, put the case cover and the case body together, and after the combination, perform secondary fine processing on the aperture and end surface of the bearing hole on the case cover to obtain the processed flat gear box.

3. The method for processing a flat gear box according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S2 is specifically as follows: Rough machining of the box cover: Place the box cover horizontally on the workbench, keep its joint surface facing downward, adjust its joint surface to be horizontal through equal height shims, and use the joint surface as a reference to perform rough machining on the bore diameter and end surface of the bearing hole of the box cover. Then turn it over, keep the joint surface facing upward, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal through the box cover shims, and perform rough machining on the joint surface. Rough machining of the box body: place the box body horizontally on the workbench, keep the mating surface facing downward, and adjust the mating surface to be horizontal through equal-height shims. Taking the mating surface as a reference, rough-machine the aperture and end face of the bearing hole of the box body, then turn it over, keep the mating surface facing upward, adjust the mating surface to be horizontal through the box body shims, and rough-machine the mating surface.

4. The method for processing a flat gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: During the rough machining, a machining allowance of 6 mm is reserved for the bore diameter of the bearing hole, a machining allowance of 5 mm is reserved for the end surface, and a machining allowance of 5 mm is reserved for the joint surface.

5. The method for processing a flat gear box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for rough machining the bore diameter of the bearing hole is drilling, and the method for rough machining the end face and the mating surface of the bearing hole is milling.

6. The method for processing a flat gear box according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, method 1 is specifically as follows: Finishing of the box cover: place the box cover horizontally on the workbench, keep the joint surface facing upward, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal through the box cover shim, finish the joint surface to the target size, then process the box bolt hole and the upper box top screw hole, turn it over, keep its joint surface facing downward, adjust its joint surface to be horizontal through the equal height shim, use the joint surface as a reference, finish the aperture and end face of the bearing hole on the box cover to the target size, and then drill the pin hole; Finishing of the box body: place the box body horizontally on the workbench, keep its joint surface facing downward, adjust its joint surface to be horizontal through the equal height shim, use the joint surface as a reference, finish the aperture and end face of the bearing hole on the box body to the target size, turn it over, keep the joint surface facing upward, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal through the box body shim, finish the joint surface to the target size, align the bearing hole position, drill the pin hole and the box bolt hole; The processing of the flat gearbox is completed by assembling the finely machined case cover and case body.

7. The method for processing a flat gear box according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S4, method 2 is specifically as follows: Finishing of the box cover: Place the box cover horizontally on the workbench, keep its joint surface facing upward, adjust its joint surface to be horizontal through the box cover shim, finish the joint surface to the target size, and then process the box bolt holes and the upper box top screw holes, turn it over, keep its joint surface facing downward, adjust its joint surface to be horizontal through the equal height shim, and use the joint surface as a reference to perform a first finish machining of the bore diameter and end surface of the bearing hole on the box cover with a machining allowance, and then drill the pin hole; Finishing of the box: Place the box horizontally on the workbench, keep its joint surface facing downward, adjust its joint surface to be horizontal through equal height shims, and use the joint surface as a reference to finish the bore diameter and end surface of the bearing hole on the box to the target size. Turn it over, keep the joint surface facing upward, and adjust the joint surface to be horizontal through the box shims, finish the joint surface to the target size, align the bearing hole position, and drill the pin hole and the bolt hole for closing the box; Box assembling: Keep the box body on the workbench with the joint surface facing upwards, and put the box cover on the box body to complete the box assembling, and then perform post-box assembling processing to obtain the processed flat gear box.

8. The method for processing a flat gear box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The machining allowance during one finishing operation is 1 mm.

9. The method for processing a flat gear box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The post-assembly processing is specifically as follows: aligning the bearing hole of the box body, performing secondary finishing on the aperture and end face of the bearing hole on the box cover, so as to process the aperture and end face of the bearing hole on the box cover to the target size, thus obtaining the processed flat gear box.

10. The method for processing a flat gear box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for finishing the bore diameter of the bearing hole is boring, and the method for finishing the end face of the bearing hole and the workpiece mating surface is milling.

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