Cutter handle positioning structure applied to machining main shaft

Abstract

The invention provides a cutter handle positioning structure applied to a machining spindle, and relates to the field of numerical control machine tool manufacturing. The cutter handle positioning structure comprises a positioning key, the positioning key comprises a main body part and a matching part, and the matching part is used for being matched with a positioning key mounting groove in a main shaft; the reinforcing assembly comprises reinforcing ribs and dovetail reinforcing blocks, the reinforcing ribs and the dovetail reinforcing blocks extend in the circumferential direction of the main shaft, the reinforcing ribs and the dovetail reinforcing blocks are arranged adjacently in the axial direction of the main shaft, and the dovetail reinforcing blocks are arranged close to the end face of the main shaft; wherein a guide inclined plane is formed at one end, far away from the main shaft, of the dovetail reinforcing block, and the distance between the guide inclined plane and the end face of the main shaft is gradually reduced in the direction far away from the positioning key. Cutting force borne by the positioning keys acts on the dovetail reinforcing blocks and the reinforcing ribs, the positioning keys can be protected from being stressed to damage the main shaft, meanwhile, loosening and fracture deformation of mounting screws of the positioning keys can be avoided, the service life is prolonged, and the damage probability of the main shaft is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of numerical control machine tool manufacturing, and in particular to a tool holder positioning structure used for machining a spindle. Background Art

[0002] The tools used in CNC machining are positioned through the spindle tool holder positioning structure. In the prior art, the spindle can quickly change tools between tools of different specifications and does not need to adjust and correct the dynamic balance of the spindle before the spindle is used for machining. During the tool change process, especially in the horizontal machining center, the positioning key not only plays a role in adjusting the dynamic balance of the spindle, but also plays a role in guiding the tool body.

[0003] At the same time, when the spindle is processing again, the locating key will also play the role of supporting the multiple forces of the rotation of the cutter body. Among them, the locating key is most subjected to the reverse force when the tool engages the cutter. Long-term and high-load work will cause wear of the locating key and damage to the locating key fixing bolts. Especially when the cutter body cannot be pulled and fixed by the spindle, the rotating cutter body will hit the locating key when it starts and stops quickly, accelerating the damage of the locating key and the fixing screws.

[0004] Moreover, if the spindle tool holder locating key is not replaced in time after wear, the damaged and loose locating key will be affected by the tool holder on the spindle, which will cause wear of the spindle tool holder locating key mounting hole. In severe cases, it will cause deformation of the mounting hole and aggravate the failure of the spindle.

[0005] Currently, no effective solution has been proposed for the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a tool holder positioning structure for machining a spindle, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the spindle tool holder positioning key mounting hole is easy to wear and deform, thereby aggravating the spindle failure.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tool holder positioning structure for a machining spindle, comprising: a positioning key, the positioning key comprising a main body and a matching portion, wherein the matching portion is used to cooperate with a positioning key mounting groove on the spindle; a reinforcement component, the reinforcement component comprising a reinforcement rib and a dovetail reinforcement block, the reinforcement rib and the dovetail reinforcement block are both extended along the circumferential direction of the spindle, along the axial direction of the spindle, the reinforcement rib and the dovetail reinforcement block are adjacently arranged, and the dovetail reinforcement block is arranged close to the end face of the spindle; wherein a guide bevel is formed on the end of the dovetail reinforcement block away from the spindle, and the distance between the guide bevel and the end face of the spindle is gradually reduced along the direction away from the positioning key.

[0008] Furthermore, the reinforcing component is arranged at one end of the main body portion which is away from the radial geometric center of the main axis.

[0009] Furthermore, along the circumferential direction of the main shaft, reinforcement components are provided on both sides of the positioning key.

[0010] Furthermore, the reinforcement component and the positioning key are integrally formed.

[0011] Furthermore, the tool handle positioning structure also includes: an annular connecting plate, the annular connecting plate is detachably connected to the end face of the main shaft and at least one of the reinforcing ribs, the annular connecting plate has a connecting opening, the connecting opening has a matching bevel, and the annular connecting plate is detachably connected to the reinforcing assembly; when the annular connecting plate is connected to the reinforcing assembly, at least part of the positioning key and at least part of the dovetail reinforcement block are located in the connecting opening, and the matching bevel is matched with the guide bevel.

[0012] Furthermore, the annular connecting plate is detachably connected to the reinforcing rib by an eccentric screw, and the eccentric screw comprises: a screw rod, the screw rod comprises a threaded section and a connecting section, the outer peripheral surface of the threaded section is provided with a threaded structure, and the outer peripheral surface of the connecting section is provided with two locking grooves, and the two locking grooves are arranged at a distance along the circumference of the connecting section, and the locking groove comprises a first groove section and a second groove section arranged at an angle, and the first groove section and the second groove section are arranged to be connected to each other, and the first groove section is arranged to be connected to the outside along the axial direction of the screw rod; a nut, the nut comprises a large head section and a small head section, the small head section is a hollow structure, and the inner wall of the small head section is provided with a locking pin protruding toward the axial center line of the nut, and the locking pin is arranged near the end of the small head section away from the large head section, and there are two locking pins, and the locking pins are arranged corresponding to the locking grooves.

[0013] Furthermore, an eccentric pin is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the small head section and protrudes in a direction away from the axial center line of the nut. The reinforcing rib is provided with a second fixing hole, the second fixing hole has a long side and a short side, and the eccentric pin abuts against the short side of the second fixing hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the annular connecting plate is provided with a radially through movement space, and the tool handle positioning structure also includes a tool body detection mechanism, which includes: a wedge block, at least a part of the wedge block is located in the movement space, the first end of the wedge block is arranged toward the radial geometric center of the main shaft, and an assembly gap is formed between the wedge block and the inner wall of the movement space; a detection switch, the detection switch is arranged near the second end of the wedge block, and the detection switch is used to detect the distance between the second end of the wedge block and the detection switch; an elastic member, the elastic member is located in the assembly gap, and the elastic member is extended in the radial direction of the main shaft; the wedge block has an initial position protruding from the inner circumference of the annular connecting plate, when the wedge block is in the initial position, the elastic member is in a natural state, and during the process of the wedge block moving outward in the radial direction of the main shaft, the elastic member undergoes compression and changes.

[0015] Furthermore, the tool handle positioning structure also includes a speed detection mechanism, which includes: a reflector, which is extended along the radial direction of the main shaft, one end of the reflector is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the annular connecting plate, and the other end of the reflector is provided with a reflective belt, and the reflector can be rotated following the annular connecting plate; a detection probe, which is used to detect the rotation speed of the reflector, thereby detecting the rotation speed of the main shaft.

[0016] Further, along the axial direction of the main shaft, a guide surface is provided at one end of the positioning key away from the main shaft.

[0017] By applying the technical solution of the present invention, when the tool is performing mechanical processing operations, the cutting force received by the tool when cutting can be transmitted to the positioning key. Since the tool holder positioning structure is also provided with a reinforcement component, the reinforcement component includes reinforcement ribs and dovetail reinforcement blocks. The reinforcement ribs and the dovetail reinforcement blocks are both extended along the circumferential direction of the main shaft. The reinforcement ribs and the dovetail reinforcement blocks are adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the main shaft, and are adjacent to each other through the guide bevel and transmit force. Then, the reinforcement component and the positioning key can cooperate with each other, and the positioning key can offset most of the cutting force received by the tool through the reinforcement component. That is, the cutting force received by the positioning key is applied to the dovetail reinforcement block and the reinforcement ribs, and the cutting force is converted into a guide bevel with a larger force-bearing surface, so as to protect the positioning key from being damaged by the force on the main shaft. At the same time, the mounting screws of the positioning key can be prevented from loosening, breaking and deforming, thereby improving the service life and reducing the probability of spindle structure damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a tool handle positioning structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0020] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a positioning key according to the present invention is shown;

[0021] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a positioning key according to the present invention is shown;

[0022] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the connection between a positioning key and a reinforcement component according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of an eccentric screw according to the present invention is shown;

[0024] Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of an eccentric screw according to the present invention is shown;

[0025] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of an eccentric screw according to the present invention is shown;

[0026] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an annular connecting plate according to the present invention is shown;

[0027] Fig. 9 It shows a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment in which a positioning key is connected to a reinforcing rib according to the present invention;

[0028] Fig.10 A schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a knife body detection mechanism according to the present invention is shown;

[0029] Fig.11 A schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of a tool handle positioning structure according to the present invention is shown;

[0030] Fig.12 A schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a rotation speed detection mechanism according to the present invention is shown;

[0031] Fig.13 A structural schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a rotation speed detection mechanism according to the present invention is shown.

[0032] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0033] 1. Spindle;

[0034] 2. Positioning key; 21. Positioning mounting hole; 22. Matching part; 23. Main body;

[0035] 3. Dovetail reinforcement block; 300. Guide slope;

[0036] 4. Eccentric screw; 41. Thread structure; 42. Locking groove; 43. Nut; 44. Locking pin; 45. Eccentric pin;

[0037] 5. annular connecting plate; 51. first connecting hole; 53. first fixing hole; 54. connecting opening; 500. matching inclined surface; 501. movement space;

[0038] 6. Guide surface;

[0039] 7. Reinforcement rib; 71. Second fixing hole;

[0040] 8. Knife body detection mechanism; 81. Wedge block; 82. Elastic member; 83. Detection switch;

[0041] 9. Rotation speed detection mechanism; 91. Reflection belt; 92. Detection probe; 93. Reflection element;

[0042] 10. Spindle housing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0044] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the terms used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, for example. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0046] Now, exemplary embodiments according to the present application will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments may be implemented in a variety of different forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. It should be understood that these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present application thorough and complete, and to fully convey the concepts of these exemplary embodiments to those of ordinary skill in the art. In the accompanying drawings, for the sake of clarity, the thickness of the layers and regions may be enlarged, and the same reference numerals are used to represent the same devices, and thus their descriptions will be omitted.

[0047] Combination Figures 1 to 13 As shown, according to a specific embodiment of the present application, a tool holder positioning structure applied to a machining spindle is provided.

[0048] Specifically, Figures 1 to 4As shown, the tool handle positioning structure includes a positioning key 2 and a reinforcement component, the positioning key 2 includes a main body 23 and a matching portion 22, wherein the matching portion 22 is used to cooperate with the positioning key mounting groove on the spindle 1; the reinforcement component includes a reinforcement rib 7 and a dovetail reinforcement block 3, the reinforcement rib 7 and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 are both extended along the circumferential direction of the spindle 1, along the axial direction of the spindle 1, the reinforcement rib 7 and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 are adjacent to each other, and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 is arranged close to the end face of the spindle 1; wherein, a guide bevel 300 is formed at one end of the dovetail reinforcement block 3 away from the spindle 1, and the distance between the guide bevel 300 and the end face of the spindle 1 is gradually reduced along the direction away from the positioning key 2.

[0049] By applying the technical solution of this embodiment, when the tool is performing mechanical processing, the cutting force received by the tool when cutting can be transmitted to the positioning key 2. Since the tool holder positioning structure is also provided with a reinforcing component, the reinforcing component includes a reinforcing rib 7 and a dovetail reinforcing block 3. The reinforcing rib 7 and the dovetail reinforcing block 3 are both extended in the circumferential direction of the main shaft 1. The reinforcing rib 7 and the dovetail reinforcing block 3 are adjacently arranged in the axial direction of the main shaft 1, and are adjacent to and transmit force through the guide bevel 300. Then, the reinforcing component and the positioning key 2 can cooperate with each other. The positioning key 2 can offset most of the cutting force received by the tool through the cooperation of the reinforcing component, that is, the cutting force received by the positioning key 2 is applied to the dovetail reinforcing block 3 and the reinforcing rib 7, and the cutting force is converted into the guide bevel 300 with a larger force-bearing surface, so as to protect the positioning key 2 from being damaged by the force on the main shaft 1. At the same time, the mounting screws of the positioning key 2 can be prevented from loosening, breaking and deforming, thereby improving the service life and reducing the probability of structural damage to the main shaft 1.

[0050] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the reinforcing component is arranged at one end of the main body 23 away from the radial geometric center of the spindle 1. This can prevent the reinforcing component from contacting the spindle 1, forming resistance when the tool is working and affecting the tool performance, and can also prevent friction between the reinforcing component and the tool to accelerate tool wear.

[0051] It should be noted that setting the reinforcement component at one end of the main body 23 away from the radial geometric center of the main shaft 1 can also improve the stability and reliability of the connection between the reinforcement component and the positioning key 2 and the tool handle positioning structure, and avoid the occurrence of dangerous situations such as shaking or bouncing of the positioning key 2 and the reinforcement component during tool operation.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, the positioning key 2 is provided with a positioning installation hole 21, and the positioning key 2 is detachably connected to the end surface of the main shaft 1 through the positioning installation hole 21. The positioning key 2 is tightly connected to the end surface of the main shaft 1 through the positioning installation hole 21, which can further improve the stability of the positioning key 2.

[0053] Furthermore, if Figure 1 , Figure 4As shown, along the circumferential direction of the main shaft 1, reinforcement components are provided on both sides of the positioning key 2. By providing reinforcement components on both sides of the positioning key 2, it is possible to ensure that both sides of the positioning key 2 are subjected to uniform force, thereby preventing the main body of the positioning key 2 from being deformed due to uneven stress on both sides.

[0054] Optionally, the reinforcing component is integrally formed with the positioning key 2. This can further improve the reliability of the reinforcing component and the positioning key 2 as a whole, and can facilitate the installation of the positioning key 2 and the reinforcing component on the handle positioning structure.

[0055] Furthermore, if Figure 1 , Figure 8 As shown, the tool handle positioning structure also includes an annular connecting plate 5, which is detachably connected to the end face of the main shaft 1 and at least one of the reinforcing ribs 7. The annular connecting plate 5 has a connecting opening 54, and the connecting opening 54 has a matching bevel 500. The annular connecting plate 5 is detachably connected to the reinforcing assembly; when the annular connecting plate 5 is connected to the reinforcing assembly, at least part of the positioning key 2 and at least part of the dovetail reinforcement block 3 are located in the connecting opening 54, and the matching bevel 500 is matched with the guide bevel 300. Such an arrangement can facilitate the installation of the positioning key 2, the reinforcement assembly and the annular connecting plate 5 on the main shaft 1, and can also facilitate the maintenance and replacement of the positioning key 2. When the annular connecting plate 5 is connected to the reinforcement assembly, the positioning key 2 and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 are matched in the connecting opening 54, and the bottom ends of the annular connecting plate 5, the positioning key 2 and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 are arranged flush with each other, that is, the matching bevel 500 and the guide bevel 300 are arranged flush with each other, so that the annular connecting plate 5 and the positioning key 2 can be relatively stably arranged on the end face of the main shaft 1, thereby improving the stability of the tool fixation.

[0056] It should be noted that the outer diameter of the annular connecting plate 5 is smaller than the outer diameter of the main shaft 1, so that the size of the matching bevel 500 can be matched with the size of the guide bevel 300, and at the same time, the annular connecting plate 5 can be prevented from being affected by external forces and driving the reinforcing component and the positioning key 2 to separate from the main shaft 1.

[0057] In one embodiment of the present application, the annular connecting plate 5 and the end face of the main shaft 1, and the annular connecting plate 5 and the reinforcing rib 7 are all detachably connected, the reinforcing rib 7 and the positioning key 2 are integrally formed, the dovetail reinforcement block 3 is embedded in the annular connecting plate 5, the matching bevel 500 abuts against the guide bevel 300, and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 is pressed and fixed by the matching bevel 500.

[0058] Optionally, the tool holder positioning structure is made of HRC (30-50) material, which can withstand high-intensity cutting by the tool while avoiding accidental collision between structures or between the tool and the structure to damage the spindle 1.

[0059] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figures 5 to 7As shown, the annular connecting plate 5 is detachably connected to the reinforcing rib 7 by an eccentric screw 4. The eccentric screw 4 includes a screw and a nut 43. The screw includes a threaded section and a connecting section. The outer circumferential surface of the threaded section is provided with a threaded structure 41. Two locking grooves 42 are provided on the outer circumferential surface of the connecting section. The two locking grooves 42 are arranged at a distance along the circumference of the connecting section. The locking groove 42 includes a first groove section and a second groove section arranged at an angle. The first groove section and the second groove section are arranged to be connected to each other, and the first groove section is arranged to be connected to the outside along the axial direction of the screw; the nut 43 includes a large head section and a small head section. The small head section is a hollow structure. The inner wall of the small head section is provided with a locking pin 44 protruding toward the axial center line of the nut 43. The locking pin 44 is arranged near the end of the small head section away from the large head section. There are two locking pins 44, and the locking pins 44 are arranged corresponding to the locking grooves 42. The screw rod of the eccentric screw 4 is configured as a threaded section and a connecting section, and two locking grooves 42 are arranged on the connecting section, that is, it is first connected to the annular connecting plate 5 and the reinforcing rib 7 by a threaded connection method, and then connected to the nut 43 by a slot key method through the two locking grooves 42. The nut 43 can strengthen the connection strength between the annular connecting plate 5 and the reinforcing rib 7 to prevent the reinforcing rib 7 and the annular connecting plate 5 from sliding along the axial direction of the main shaft 1. The locking groove 42 is provided with a first groove section and a second groove section at an angle. When the eccentric screw 4 is fixed, the eccentric screw 4 can be locked by matching the two locking pins 44 in the hollow structure of the small head section of the nut 43 through the angle between the first groove section and the second groove section.

[0060] Preferably, the first slot section is extended along the axial direction of the screw rod, and the second slot section is extended along the circumferential direction of the screw rod, that is, the angle between the first slot section and the second slot section is a right angle. Two locking pins 44 are provided to match the structural directions of the two locking slots 42, so that when the eccentric screw 4 is installed, the first locking pin 44 first extends along the first slot section to the intersection of the first slot section and the second slot section, and then the eccentric screw 4 is rotated to lock it.

[0061] Furthermore, if Figure 7 , Figure 6 As shown, an eccentric pin 45 is also provided on the outer peripheral surface of the small head section, which is protruded in a direction away from the axial center line of the nut 43. The reinforcing rib 7 is provided with a second fixing hole 71, and the second fixing hole 71 has a long side and a short side. The eccentric pin 45 abuts against the short side of the second fixing hole 71. The abutment of the eccentric pin 45 with the short side of the second fixing hole 71 can prevent the eccentric screw 4 and the nut 43 from rotating in the second fixing hole 71, resulting in the loosening of the reinforcing rib 7 and the annular connecting plate 5 after the locking groove 42 and the locking pin 44 are unlocked, thereby causing the reinforcing rib 7 and the annular connecting plate to slide along the axial direction of the main shaft 1.

[0062] Furthermore, if Figure 1 , Fig.11As shown, the annular connecting plate 5 is provided with a radially through movement space 501, and the tool handle positioning structure also includes a tool body detection mechanism 8, which includes a wedge block 81, a detection switch 83 and an elastic member 82. At least part of the wedge block 81 is located in the movement space 501, and the first end of the wedge block 81 is arranged toward the radial geometric center of the spindle 1, and an assembly gap is formed between the wedge block 81 and the inner wall of the movement space 501; the detection switch 83 is arranged near the second end of the wedge block 81, and the detection switch 83 is used to detect the distance between the second end of the wedge block 81 and the detection switch 83; the elastic member 82 is located in the assembly gap, and the elastic member 82 is extended in the radial direction of the spindle 1; the wedge block 81 has an initial position protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the annular connecting plate 5, and when the wedge block 81 is in the initial position, the elastic member 82 is in a natural state, and during the process of the wedge block 81 moving outward in the radial direction of the spindle 1, the elastic member 82 is compressed and changed. The first end of the wedge block 81 is arranged with an inclined surface facing the radial geometric center of the spindle 1, so that when the tool is inserted into the spindle 1, pressure can be applied to the wedge block 81 along the inclined surface of the wedge block 81, thereby compressing the wedge block 81 to move toward the second end, compressing the elastic member 82, and the detection switch 83 can detect the state of the tool body in the spindle 1 and determine whether the tool body is fixed after receiving the pressure of the elastic member 82, and feedback the tool state to the staff. When the tool body is disassembled, the elastic member 82 returns to a natural state to reset the wedge block 81. Preferably, the elastic member 82 is a spring.

[0063] It should be noted that the processing machine tool also has a spindle housing 10, the spindle 1 is located in the spindle housing 10 and can rotate relative to the spindle housing 10, and the detection switch 83 is arranged on the spindle housing 10. When the tool is working, the spindle housing 10 does not rotate, that is, the detection switch 83 is in a stable state during operation and does not rotate with the spindle housing 10.

[0064] In this embodiment, if the spindle 1 and the tool fixation failure causes the spindle 1 positioning angle to be inaccurate, and when the machine tool automatically changes the tool, the positioning key 2 and the positioning key mounting groove cannot be smoothly fitted and embedded. At this time, the tool is in an abnormal state. The detection switch 83 of the tool body detection mechanism 8 can determine that the tool is not fixed, and issue an alarm to stop the machine to avoid dangerous accidents.

[0065] Furthermore, if Fig.12 and Fig.13As shown, the tool handle positioning structure also includes a speed detection mechanism 9, which includes a reflector 93 and a detection probe 92. The reflector 93 is extended along the radial direction of the spindle 1, one end of the reflector 93 is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the annular connecting plate 5, and the other end of the reflector 93 is provided with a reflection belt 91. The reflector 93 can rotate with the annular connecting plate 5; the detection probe 92 is used to detect the speed of the reflector 93, thereby detecting the speed of the spindle 1. The detection probe 92 is set on the spindle housing 10. Since the detection probe 92 does not rotate with the spindle 1 and the tool, and the reflector 93 rotates with the spindle 1, the speed of the spindle 1 can be detected by feedback of the signal of the detection probe 92 through the reflector 93.

[0066] Furthermore, along the axial direction of the spindle 1, a guide surface 6 is provided at one end of the positioning key 2 away from the spindle 1. The setting of the guide surface 6 can be used to align the tool direction when the tool is switched in cooperation with the spindle 1 when the semicircular groove of the tool holder is worn and the tool is loose in the tool holder so that the tool changes along the axial direction of the spindle 1, so as to avoid rigid collision between the tool and the positioning key 2, thereby preventing damage to the tool or the positioning key 2.

[0067] It should be noted that if Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the distance between the guide surface 6 and the end surface of the spindle 1 is gradually reduced in the direction away from the center line of the radial direction of the positioning key 2. This arrangement prevents the tool and the positioning key 2 from being damaged by a rigid collision when the spindle 1 cooperates with the tool change.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present application, there are two guide surfaces 6, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the radial center line of the positioning key 2. In this way, when the tool axial direction changes at various angles, the tool and the positioning key 2 can be prevented from hard collision.

[0069] Furthermore, if Figure 1 , Figure 8 As shown, the annular connecting plate 5 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes 51, and the annular connecting plate 5 is detachably connected to the end surface of the main shaft 1 through the first connecting holes 51. The annular connecting plate 5 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes 51, and the plurality of first connecting holes 51 can be connected to the end surface of the main shaft 1 through screws or pins, etc., which can improve the stability of the annular connecting plate 5 and the positioning key 2 abutting against the annular connecting plate 5.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present application, Figure 8 , Fig.10As shown, the annular connecting plate 5 is further provided with a first fixing hole 53, and the reinforcing rib 7 is provided with a second fixing hole 71, and the annular connecting plate 5 and the reinforcing rib 7 are detachably connected through the first fixing hole 53 and the second fixing hole 71. The eccentric screw 4 passes through the second fixing hole 71 on the reinforcing rib 7 and the first fixing hole 53 on the annular connecting plate 5 to connect and fix the annular connecting plate 5 and the reinforcing rib 7.

[0071] In an exemplary embodiment of the present application, the tool handle positioning structure includes a positioning key 2 and a reinforcement component. The boss structure of the positioning key 2 can be designed according to the actual size of the tool handle structure, the curvature of the reinforcement rib 7 can be adjusted according to the size of the main shaft 1, the mounting hole on the annular connecting plate 5 can be adjusted accordingly according to the size of the threaded hole on the main shaft 1, and the positioning mounting hole 21 of the positioning key 2 can be adjusted in size according to the actual mounting hole of the positioning key 2 on the main shaft 1.

[0072] The present application also provides a preferred embodiment of a tool holder positioning structure applied to a machining spindle, which can guide the tool body and protect the positioning key 2 and the positioning mounting hole 21.

[0073] Specifically, the tool holder positioning structure used for machining the spindle includes a spindle 1, a positioning key 2, a dovetail reinforcement block 3, an eccentric screw 4, an annular connecting plate 5, a guide surface 6, a reinforcement rib 7, a tool body detection mechanism 8, and a rotation speed detection mechanism 9. The positioning key 2 is a trapezoidal structure, and the positioning key 2 is provided with a positioning mounting hole 21 that is installed in cooperation with the main shaft 1 for connecting the positioning key 2 with the main shaft 1; the dovetail reinforcement block 3 is distributed on both sides below the positioning key 2, and is an embedded structure that cooperates with the annular connecting plate 5; the eccentric screw 4 includes a screw and a nut 43 for fixing the reinforcement rib 7, and adjusting and reducing the force of the positioning key 2 and the end face of the main shaft 1 The fixing screw is mounted; the annular connecting plate 5 is provided with a bolt hole and a connecting opening 54 that are installed in cooperation with the end face of the main shaft 1; the guide surface 6 cooperates with the tool calibration on the upper side of the positioning key 2 to avoid hard contact between the tool and the positioning key 2; the reinforcement rib 7 is an arc structure, which is arranged on the upper side of the positioning key 2, and the reinforcement rib 7 is provided with a second fixing hole 71 that cooperates with the annular connecting plate 5; the tool body detection mechanism 8 is arranged below the annular connecting plate 5, and includes a wedge block 81, an elastic member 82 and a detection switch 83; the speed detection mechanism 9 includes a reflection belt 91, a detection probe 92 and a reflection member 93.

[0074] The locating key 2 and the dovetail reinforcement block 3 are integrally formed, and the cutting force received by the locating key 2 and the connecting screw is applied to the dovetail reinforcement block 3 and the annular connecting plate 5 through the eccentric screw 4. The deformation of the eccentric screw 4 under force will not cause the mounting screws of the locating key 2 to be stressed and cause the screws to loosen or break, or the main shaft threaded hole to be squeezed and deformed, thereby increasing the service life and reducing the probability of damage to the main shaft 1.

[0075] The positioning key 2 is provided with a boss structure combined with the positioning installation hole 21 . The boss structure enables the positioning key 2 to be tightly connected with the positioning installation hole 21 and can improve the cutting force strength to which the positioning key 2 is subjected.

[0076] The positioning key 2 is installed on the end face of the main shaft 1. The positioning mounting hole 21 is a countersunk rough hole. The diameter of the positioning mounting hole 21 is larger than the mounting screw. The force applied to the positioning key 2 acts first on the eccentric screw 4 to protect the mounting screw of the positioning key 2 from damaging the main shaft 1.

[0077] The dovetail reinforcement block 3 is an embedded structure and is installed in cooperation with the annular connecting plate 5. The dovetail reinforcement block 3 is pressed through the connecting opening 54 of the annular connecting plate 5 for one-time tightening.

[0078] The tool holder positioning structure is made of HRC (30-50) material, which can improve the cutting strength without making the strength too high, causing mechanical structure malfunction or mechanical structure over-positioning to cause structural hardware damage.

[0079] The eccentric screw 4 is divided into a screw rod and a nut 43. The locking pin on the nut 43 will rotate with the screw rod when entering the locking hole to pre-tighten the eccentric screw 4, and the eccentric pin 45 is pre-tightened for a second time in the second fixing hole 71 of the reinforcing rib 7 to prevent the screw from loosening.

[0080] The eccentric screw 4 is provided with a screw rod and a nut 43 which are not coaxial. Through the matching amount between the nut 43 and the second fixing hole 71 of the reinforcing rib 7, the stress on the main shaft 1 positioning threaded hole and the mounting screw is improved and the loosening cycle of the main shaft positioning screw is increased.

[0081] The annular connecting plate 5 is provided with a first connecting hole 51 connected to the end face of the main shaft 1, and a first fixing hole 53 is provided for positioning with the reinforcing rib 7. When multiple forces act on the positioning key 2, the force acts on the eccentric bolt hole of the annular connecting plate 5, avoiding direct action on the main shaft 1 to cause damage to the positioning mounting hole 21.

[0082] The annular connecting plate 5 has a connecting opening 54, which cooperates with the dovetail reinforcing block 3. When the positioning key 2 is processed, it is subjected to cutting force, and the annular connecting plate 5 provides support for the positioning key 2, thereby reducing the positioning key 2 and offsetting part of the cutting force.

[0083] The guide surface 6 is arranged above the positioning key 2. When the semicircle of the tool arm is worn, the tool body becomes loose inside the tool arm and the axial direction of the tool body changes. When changing the tool in coordination with the spindle 1, the direction of the tool body can be found to avoid a hard collision between the tool body and the positioning key 2.

[0084] The reinforcing rib 7 is an arc-shaped structure on both sides above the positioning key 2. The arc-shaped structure is as wide as the annular connecting plate 5 to avoid interference with the tool arm when changing the tool. The reinforcing rib 7 is provided with a second fixing hole 71 for cooperating with the annular connecting plate 5. The eccentric screw 4 is used to fasten the positioning key 2 and the annular connecting plate 5 for the second time, and the cutting force on the positioning key 2 is also strengthened.

[0085] After the tool body is firmly held by the spindle 1, the tool body detection mechanism 8 pushes out the wedge 81, and the second end of the wedge 81 cooperates with the detection switch 83. The detection switch 83 collects a rising edge pulse through the logic programming of the system ladder diagram, records the tool body state and determines whether the tool body is held. After the tool body leaves, the elastic member 82 resets the wedge 81. The positioning angle of the spindle 1 is inaccurate due to the positioning failure of the spindle 1. When the machine tool automatically changes the tool, the positioning key 2 and the positioning key mounting groove cannot be smoothly docked and embedded. The tool is in a dangerous abnormal state. The tool body detection mechanism 8 can detect the abnormality in time and alarm and shut down.

[0086] The speed detection mechanism 9 records the current speed of the spindle 1 through the reflective belt 91 of the reflective member 93 on the annular connecting plate 5 and the detection probe 92. In the belt-type spindle connection mode, the belt wears out after working for a long time, and the large amount of cutting of the spindle 1 can easily cause the spindle 1 to lose rotation. The spindle 1 is directly fully closed-loop detected by the tool body speed detection mechanism 9 at the front end of the spindle 1. After determining that the spindle 1 has lost rotation, an alarm is generated to avoid the spindle belt breaking during processing and damage to the workpiece and the tool.

[0087] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0088] In addition to the above, it should be noted that "one embodiment", "another embodiment", "embodiment", etc. mentioned in this specification refer to the specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment included in at least one embodiment generally described in this application. The same expression appearing in multiple places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Further, when describing a specific feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with any embodiment, it is claimed that the realization of such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments also falls within the scope of the present invention.

[0089] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0090] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tool holder positioning structure used for machining a spindle, characterized in that: include: A positioning key (2), the positioning key (2) comprising a main body (23) and a matching portion (22), wherein the matching portion (22) is used to match with a positioning key mounting groove on the main shaft (1); A reinforcement component, the reinforcement component comprising a reinforcement rib (7) and a dovetail reinforcement block (3), the reinforcement rib (7) and the dovetail reinforcement block (3) both extending along the circumferential direction of the main shaft (1), the reinforcement rib (7) and the dovetail reinforcement block (3) being arranged adjacent to each other along the axial direction of the main shaft (1), and the dovetail reinforcement block (3) being arranged close to the end face of the main shaft (1); A guiding inclined surface (300) is formed at one end of the dovetail reinforcement block (3) away from the main shaft (1), and the distance between the guiding inclined surface (300) and the end surface of the main shaft (1) is gradually reduced in a direction away from the positioning key (2).

2. The knife handle positioning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcing component is arranged at an end of the main body (23) which is away from the radial geometric center of the main axis (1).

3. The knife handle positioning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the circumferential direction of the main shaft (1), the reinforcing components are arranged on both sides of the positioning key (2).

4. The knife handle positioning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement component and the positioning key (2) are integrally formed.

5. The knife handle positioning structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The tool handle positioning structure also includes: an annular connecting plate (5), the annular connecting plate (5) being detachably connected to the end surface of the main shaft (1) and at least one of the reinforcing ribs (7), the annular connecting plate (5) having a connecting opening (54), the connecting opening (54) having a matching inclined surface (500), and the annular connecting plate (5) being detachably connected to the reinforcing assembly; When the annular connecting plate (5) is connected to the reinforcing assembly, at least part of the positioning key (2) and at least part of the dovetail reinforcing block (3) are located in the connecting opening (54), and the matching bevel (500) is matched with the guiding bevel (300).

6. The knife handle positioning structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annular connecting plate (5) and the reinforcing rib (7) are detachably connected via an eccentric screw (4), wherein the eccentric screw (4) comprises: A screw rod, the screw rod comprising a threaded section and a connecting section, the outer circumferential surface of the threaded section being provided with a threaded structure (41), the outer circumferential surface of the connecting section being provided with two locking grooves (42), the two locking grooves (42) being arranged at a distance along the circumference of the connecting section, the locking grooves (42) comprising a first groove section and a second groove section being arranged at an angle, the first groove section and the second groove section being arranged to communicate with each other, and the first groove section being arranged to communicate with the outside along the axial direction of the screw rod; A nut (43), wherein the nut (43) comprises a large head section and a small head section, wherein the small head section is a hollow structure, and an inner wall of the small head section is provided with a locking pin (44) protruding toward the axial center line of the nut (43), wherein the locking pin (44) is provided close to an end of the small head section away from the large head section, and there are two locking pins (44), and the locking pins (44) are provided corresponding to the locking groove (42).

7. The knife handle positioning structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: An eccentric pin (45) is also provided on the outer peripheral surface of the small head section and is protruded in a direction away from the axial center line of the nut (43). The reinforcing rib (7) is provided with a second fixing hole (71), and the second fixing hole (71) has a long side and a short side. The eccentric pin (45) abuts against the short side of the second fixing hole (71).

8. The knife handle positioning structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The annular connecting plate (5) is provided with a radially penetrating movement space (501), and the tool handle positioning structure further comprises a tool body detection mechanism (8), wherein the tool body detection mechanism (8) comprises: a wedge block (81), at least a portion of the wedge block (81) being located in the movement space (501), a first end of the wedge block (81) being arranged toward the radial geometric center of the main shaft (1), and an assembly gap being formed between the wedge block (81) and the inner wall of the movement space (501); a detection switch (83), the detection switch (83) being arranged close to the second end of the wedge block (81), and the detection switch (83) being used to detect the distance between the second end of the wedge block (81) and the detection switch (83); an elastic member (82), the elastic member (82) being located in the assembly gap, and the elastic member (82) extending along the radial direction of the main shaft (1); The wedge block (81) has an initial position protruding from the inner circumferential surface of the annular connecting plate (5). When the wedge block (81) is in the initial position, the elastic member (82) is in a natural state. When the wedge block (81) moves outward in the radial direction of the main shaft (1), the elastic member (82) undergoes a compression change.

9. The knife handle positioning structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The tool handle positioning structure further comprises a rotation speed detection mechanism (9), wherein the rotation speed detection mechanism (9) comprises: a reflective member (93), the reflective member (93) extending in the radial direction of the main shaft (1), one end of the reflective member (93) being connected to the outer peripheral surface of the annular connecting plate (5), the other end of the reflective member (93) being provided with a reflective belt (91), and the reflective member (93) being rotatable following the annular connecting plate (5); A detection probe (92), wherein the detection probe (92) is used to detect the rotation speed of the reflection member (93), thereby detecting the rotation speed of the main shaft (1).

10. The knife handle positioning structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Along the axial direction of the main shaft (1), a guide surface (6) is provided at one end of the positioning key (2) away from the main shaft (1).

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