Outer surface magnetic field auxiliary one-stop polishing device and method based on multi-stage machining unit

Abstract

The invention discloses an outer surface magnetic field auxiliary one-stop polishing device and method based on a multi-stage machining unit, and belongs to the field of magnetic field auxiliary polishing. In order to solve the problem of low machining precision and efficiency caused by multiple working procedures and multiple clamping in the existing outer surface polishing process, a one-stop device composed of a workpiece conveying unit, a displacement platform, a supporting frame, a driven wheel, a synchronous belt, a driving wheel, a driving motor, a storage tank, a magnetic field generator and a medium collector is designed. According to the one-stop polishing device, the machining units with different functions are regulated and controlled, polishing treatment is gradually refined, the surface quality of workpieces is improved, and one-stop polishing of the surfaces of the workpieces from rough to ultra-smooth is achieved. According to the polishing method, one-stop machining is carried out on a workpiece in a multi-procedure-in-one and multi-stage machining mode. The one-stop polishing device can be applied to one-stop polishing of the outer surfaces of pipe fittings, the outer surfaces of threads and the outer surfaces of grooves.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a magnetic field assisted polishing technology, and in particular to an outer surface magnetic field assisted one-stop polishing device and method based on a multi-stage processing unit. Background Art

[0002] In the field of ultra-precision machining, existing polishing methods require multiple processes and multiple clampings to meet the surface roughness requirements of the workpiece. However, multiple molding technology easily leads to the accumulation of positioning errors, which affects the machining accuracy of the workpiece, resulting in reduced machining efficiency and increased machining costs. One-time molding technology reduces positioning errors, can produce high-precision products at one time, improves production efficiency, and reduces production costs. It has been widely used in many fields. Therefore, in order to simplify the polishing process and improve the polishing accuracy and polishing efficiency of the product, it is urgent to design a one-stop polishing device and method. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the problems of low polishing accuracy and efficiency caused by multiple processes and multiple clamping in the existing external surface polishing process, the present invention provides an external surface magnetic field assisted one-stop polishing device and method based on a multi-level processing unit. According to the processing requirements of the workpiece, a modular processing unit is designed, and a magnetic polishing medium is used to achieve one-stop polishing of the workpiece from rough to fine processing.

[0004] The technical solution provided by the one-stop polishing device for the outer surface assisted by a multi-stage processing unit of the present invention is as follows: the device includes a workpiece conveying unit 1 and a processing unit 2, the processing unit 2 includes a displacement platform 3, a support frame 4, a driven wheel 5, a synchronous belt 6, a driving wheel 7, a drive motor 8, a storage tank 9, a magnetic field generator 10, and a medium collector 11. The bottom of the support frame 4 is installed on the displacement platform 3 by bolt connection, the drive motor 8 is installed on the inner side of the support frame 4, the magnetic field generator 10 is installed on the outer side of the support frame 4, the driven wheel 5 is installed on the transmission shaft of the magnetic field generator 10, the driving wheel 7 is installed on the output shaft of the drive motor 8, the driving wheel 7 and the driven wheel 5 are connected by a synchronous belt 6, the liquid storage tank 9 is installed on the top of the support frame 4, and the bottom liquid outlet is located directly above the magnetic field generator 10, and the medium collector 11 is fixed to the outer side of the support frame 4 by bolts and contacts with the outer surface of the magnetic field generator 7.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The one-stop polishing device and method for the outer surface magnetic field assisted by a multi-stage processing unit described in the present invention can achieve one-stop polishing of the workpiece surface from rough to ultra-smooth by adjusting the number and installation position of the processing units, as well as the type and particle size of the abrasive according to the surface quality requirements of different workpieces. 2. The one-stop polishing device and method for the outer surface magnetic field assisted by a multi-stage processing unit described in the present invention can achieve one-stop polishing of the workpiece surface from rough to ultra-smooth according to the processing speed requirements of different workpieces by using a variety of magnetic pole arrangements to generate a high-intensity magnetic field and improve processing efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the one-stop polishing method of the outer surface assisted by a magnetic field based on a multi-stage processing unit of the present invention.

[0007] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a processing unit of an outer surface magnetic field assisted one-stop polishing device based on a multi-stage processing unit of the present invention.

[0008] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an air gap excitation magnetic field generator of an outer surface magnetic field assisted one-stop polishing device based on a multi-stage processing unit of the present invention.

[0009] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a Halbach type magnetic field generator of an outer surface magnetic field assisted one-stop polishing device based on a multi-stage processing unit of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of an alternating polarity arrangement type magnetic field generator of an outer surface magnetic field assisted one-stop polishing device based on a multi-stage processing unit of the present invention.

[0011] In the figure: 1-workpiece conveying unit, 2-machining unit, 3-displacement platform, 4-support frame, 5-driven wheel, 6-synchronous belt, 7-driving wheel, 8-driving motor, 9-storage tank, 10-magnetic field generator, 11-medium collector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] Embodiment 1: Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The steps for fine polishing the outer surface of a slender tube workpiece with an outer diameter of 8 mm using an air gap excitation magnetic field generator described in this embodiment are as follows:

[0013] (1) Install the air gap excitation magnetic field generator 10 on the outside of the support frame 4, install the drive motor 8 on the inside of the support frame 4, install the driving wheel 7 on the output shaft of the drive motor 8, and install the driven wheel 5 on the transmission shaft of the magnetic field generator 10, and use a synchronous belt 6 to connect the magnetic field generator 10 and the drive motor 8;

[0014] (2) Install the support frame 4 on the displacement platform 3, install the medium collector 11 on the outside of the support frame 4 and ensure that the arc surface of the collecting end fits the outer surface of the magnetic field generator 10, install the storage tank 9 on the top of the support frame 4, and use a hose to connect the medium collector 11 and the storage tank 9, and install the workpiece conveying unit 1 on the side of the displacement platform 3;

[0015] (3) placing the workpiece to be polished into the workpiece transfer unit 1;

[0016] (3) Start the displacement platform 3 and the drive motor 8 to reset them and check their operating conditions;

[0017] (4) Start the workpiece conveying unit 1, adjust the displacement platform 3 so that the gap between the air gap excitation magnetic field generator 10 and the workpiece is 0.2-1.5 mm, and after the gap is set, close the workpiece conveying unit 1, take out the workpiece and add it back into the workpiece conveying unit 1;

[0018] (5) Add fine polishing magnetic media containing 0.01-1 μm magnetic particles, 0.01-5 μm abrasive particles, dispersed phase, dispersion medium and additives into the storage tank 9, and start the storage tank 9 and the medium collector 11 to allow the polishing media to circulate normally;

[0019] (6) The workpiece conveying unit 1 is started, the workpiece rotates and feeds, and the magnetic field generator 10 polishes the workpiece driven by the driving motor 8;

[0020] Embodiment 2: Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The device described in this embodiment uses a Halbach magnetic field generator to polish the outer surface of a slender tube workpiece with an outer diameter of 10 mm from rough to fine as follows:

[0021] (1) Install the Halbach magnetic field generator 10 on the outside of the support frame 4, install the drive motor 8 on the inside of the support frame 4, install the driving wheel 7 on the output shaft of the drive motor 8, install the driven wheel 5 on the transmission shaft of the magnetic field generator 10, and use a synchronous belt 6 to connect the magnetic field generator 10 and the drive motor 8;

[0022] (2) Install the support frame 4 on the displacement platform 3, install the medium collector 11 on the outside of the support frame 4 and ensure that the arc surface of the collecting end fits the outer surface of the magnetic field generator 10, install the storage tank 9 on the top of the support frame 4, and use a hose to connect the medium collector 11 and the storage tank 9, and install the workpiece conveying unit 1 on the side of the displacement platform 3;

[0023] (3) placing the workpiece to be polished into the workpiece transfer unit 1;

[0024] (4) Repeat (1) and (2), and arrange all the installed processing units 2 in a staggered manner along the workpiece surface.

[0025] (5) Start the displacement platform 3 and the drive motor 8 of the processing unit 2 to reset them and check the operating conditions;

[0026] (6) Start the workpiece conveying unit 1, adjust the displacement platform 3 so that the gap between the magnetic field generator 10 and the workpiece is 0.2-1.5 mm, close the workpiece conveying unit 1 after the tool setting is completed, take out the workpiece and put it back into the workpiece conveying unit 1;

[0027] (7) Add the rough polishing magnetic medium containing 50-100 μm magnetic particles, abrasive particles within 40-80 μm, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives to the storage tank 9 of the rough processing unit 2a, add the semi-rough polishing magnetic medium containing 25-50 μm magnetic particles, abrasive particles within 15-30 μm, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives to the storage tank 9 of the semi-rough processing unit 2b, add the semi-finishing magnetic medium containing 1-25 μm magnetic particles, abrasive particles within 5-15 μm, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives to the storage tank 9 of the semi-finishing unit 2c, add the fine polishing magnetic medium containing 0.01-1 μm magnetic particles, abrasive particles within 0.01-5 μm, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives to the storage tank 9 of the fine processing unit 2d, start the liquid storage tank 9 and the medium collector 11 to allow the polishing medium to circulate normally;

[0028] (8) starting the magnetic field generator 10 to allow the magnetic medium to circulate;

[0029] (9) The workpiece transfer unit 1 is started, and the workpiece is rotated and fed, so that the workpiece surface is polished from rough to ultra-smooth in one stop;

[0030] Example 3: Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The device described in this embodiment uses an alternating polarity arrangement type magnetic field generator to perform symmetrical rough-to-fine polishing of the outer surface of a 12 mm outer diameter slender tube workpiece in the following steps:

[0031] (1) Install the alternating polarity arrangement type magnetic field generator 10 on the outside of the support frame 4, install the drive motor 8 on the inside of the support frame 4, install the driving wheel 7 on the output shaft of the drive motor 8, and install the driven wheel 5 on the transmission shaft of the magnetic field generator 10, and use a synchronous belt 6 to connect the magnetic field generator 10 and the drive motor 8;

[0032] (2) Install the support frame 4 on the displacement platform 3, install the medium collector 11 on the outside of the support frame 4 and ensure that the arc surface of the collecting end fits the outer surface of the magnetic field generator 10, install the storage tank 9 on the top of the support frame 4, and use a hose to connect the medium collector 11 and the storage tank 9, and install the workpiece conveying unit 1 on the side of the displacement platform 3;

[0033] (3) placing the workpiece to be polished into the workpiece transfer unit 1;

[0034] (4) Repeat (1) and (2), and arrange all the installed processing units 2 along both sides of the workpiece in pairs, wherein the polishing media used in the two opposite processing units 2 are the same;

[0035] (5) Start the displacement platform 3 and the drive motor 8 of the processing unit 2 to reset them and check the operating conditions;

[0036] (6) Start the workpiece conveying unit 1, adjust the displacement platform 3 so that the gap between the magnetic field generator 10 and the workpiece is 0.2-1.5 mm, close the workpiece conveying unit 1 after the tool setting is completed, take out the workpiece and put it back into the workpiece conveying unit 1;

[0037] (7) Add the rough polishing magnetic medium containing 50-100 μm magnetic particles, abrasive particles within 40-80 μm, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives to the storage tank 9 of the rough processing unit 2a, add the semi-rough polishing magnetic medium containing 25-50 μm magnetic particles, abrasive particles within 15-30 μm, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives to the storage tank 9 of the semi-rough processing unit 2b, add the semi-finishing magnetic medium containing 1-25 μm magnetic particles, abrasive particles within 5-15 μm, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives to the storage tank 9 of the semi-finishing unit 2c, add the fine polishing magnetic medium containing 0.01-1 μm magnetic particles, abrasive particles within 0.01-5 μm, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives to the storage tank 9 of the fine processing unit 2d, start the liquid storage tank 9 and the medium collector 11 to allow the polishing medium to circulate normally;

[0038] (8) starting the magnetic field generator 10 to allow the magnetic medium to circulate;

[0039] (9) The workpiece transfer unit 1 is started, and the workpiece is rotated and fed to achieve symmetrical polishing of the workpiece surface;

[0040] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned manner. Various non-substantial improvements made by using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention, or directly applying the above concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without improvement, are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A one-stop polishing method for an outer surface assisted by a magnetic field based on a multi-stage processing unit, the method comprising the following steps: (1) A polishing device for performing the method comprises a workpiece conveying unit (1) and a processing unit (2), wherein the processing unit (2) comprises a displacement platform (3), a support frame (4), a driven wheel (5), a synchronous belt (6), a driving wheel (7), a driving motor (8), a storage tank (9), a magnetic field generator (10), and a medium collector (11), wherein the processing unit (2) is subdivided into a rough processing unit (2a), a semi-rough processing unit (2b), a semi-finishing processing unit (2c), and a finishing unit (2d) according to the specifications of the polishing medium used, and the magnetic pole arrangement in the magnetic field generator (10) is selected from the Halbach arrangement, the air gap excitation arrangement, and the alternating polarity arrangement; (2) determining the polishing process according to the initial surface quality of the workpiece to be polished and the surface quality requirements after polishing, selecting a combination of a rough machining unit (2a), a semi-rough machining unit (2b), a semi-finishing machining unit (2c) or a finishing machining unit (2d), and selecting a multi-level cross arrangement of the corresponding machining units (2) on both sides; (3) Place the workpiece to be polished into the workpiece transfer unit (1) and adjust the machining gap to 0.2-1.5 mm; (4) adding a coarse polishing medium into the rough machining unit (2a), adding a semi-coarse polishing medium into the semi-rough machining unit (2b), adding a semi-fine polishing medium into the semi-fine machining unit (2c), and adding a fine polishing medium into the fine machining unit (2d), starting the drive motor (8) and the axial feed motor in the workpiece conveying unit (1), spraying the polishing medium onto the magnetic field generator (10), and causing the workpiece to move in the axial feed direction. The polishing medium is rapidly solidified under the action of the magnetic field and the motion field, and the abrasive in the polishing medium contacts the surface of the workpiece; (5) When the workpiece passes through the rough machining unit (2a), the rough layer, oxide layer and impurities on the workpiece surface are efficiently removed; when passing through the semi-rough machining unit (2b), the remaining larger surface defects are removed, the surface texture is gradually refined, and the surface microscopic defects are reduced; when passing through the semi-finishing unit (2c), small scratches and sub-micron surface defects are removed, making the surface smoother and close to the final required surface quality; when passing through the finishing unit (2d), smaller surface defects are further removed, achieving extremely high surface roughness, so that the surface meets the quality requirements of ultra-precision machining; (6) Through the gradual refinement of polishing treatment at each stage, the surface quality of the workpiece is improved, and one-stop polishing from rough to ultra-smooth is achieved, which can quickly and efficiently meet the accuracy and surface quality requirements in different application scenarios.

2. A polishing device for performing the method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device comprises a workpiece conveying unit (1) and a processing unit (2); the processing unit (2) comprises a displacement platform (3), a support frame (4), a driven wheel (5), a synchronous belt (6), a driving wheel (7), a driving motor (8), a storage tank (9), a magnetic field generator (10), and a medium collector (11); the bottom of the support frame (4) in the processing unit (2) is mounted on the displacement platform (3) by bolt connection; the driving motor (8) in the processing unit (2) is mounted on the inner side of the support frame (4); the magnetic field generator (10) in the processing unit (2) is mounted on the outer side of the support frame (4); The driven wheel (5) in the processing unit (2) is mounted on the transmission shaft of the magnetic field generator (10), the driving wheel (7) in the processing unit (2) is mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor (8), the driving wheel (7) and the driven wheel (5) in the processing unit (2) are connected by a synchronous belt (6), the storage tank (9) in the processing unit (2) is mounted on the top of the support frame (4), and the liquid outlet at the bottom is located directly above the magnetic field generator (10), and the medium collector (11) in the processing unit (2) is fixed to the outside of the support frame (4) by bolts and contacts the outer surface of the magnetic field generator (7).

3. The one-stop polishing method for outer surface magnetic field assisted by a multi-stage processing unit according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The magnetic polishing medium is divided into coarse, semi-coarse, semi-fine and fine polishing media. The coarse polishing medium is mainly composed of magnetic particles of 50-100 microns, abrasives within 40-80 microns, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives. The semi-coarse polishing medium is mainly composed of magnetic particles of 25-50 microns, abrasive particles of 15-30 microns, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives. The semi-fine polishing medium is mainly composed of magnetic particles of 1-25 microns, abrasive particles of 5-15 microns, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives. The fine polishing medium is mainly composed of magnetic particles of 0.01-1 micron, abrasive particles of 0.01-5 microns, dispersed phase, dispersed medium and additives.

4. The one-stop polishing method for outer surface magnetic field assisted by a multi-stage processing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the processing units (2) is determined according to the initial surface quality of the workpiece to be polished and the surface quality requirements after polishing, and the number of the rough processing unit (2a), the semi-rough processing unit (2b), the semi-finishing processing unit (2c) and the finishing processing unit (2d) is greater than or equal to one.

5. The one-stop polishing method for outer surface magnetic field assisted by a multi-stage processing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic pole arrangement in the magnetic field generator (10) is selected from the Halbach arrangement, the air gap excitation arrangement, and the alternating polarity arrangement, so as to generate a high-intensity and high-targeted magnetic field in the polishing area.

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