Segment forming device and method for improving concrete segment forming apparent quality

Abstract

The invention discloses a duct piece forming device and a method for improving the forming apparent quality of a concrete duct piece. The duct piece forming device comprises a forming mold, a plurality of connecting pieces and a plurality of connecting pieces, the vacuum equipment at least comprises a vacuum machine, the vacuum machine is detachably connected with the forming mold in a sealed mode, and the vacuum machine communicates with the forming space; and the forming mold is arranged on the vibration table, and the vibration table is used for driving the forming mold to vibrate. The stability of the finished product of the concrete shield segment can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shield segments, and in particular to a segment forming device and a method for improving the apparent quality of concrete segment forming. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, my country's underground transportation projects have developed rapidly, and the requirements for tunnel quality have become increasingly higher. At present, the shield method is a commonly used tunnel construction method. As a component of the shield tunnel, the quality of the shield segment determines the quality of the entire tunnel. Due to the poor environment, long service life, and high anti-seepage requirements of the tunnel, strict quality requirements are placed on the shield segment. The presence of defects such as roughness, bubbles, and stickiness will directly affect the appearance of the component, and at the same time affect the anti-seepage performance of the concrete, resulting in a reduced service life, insufficient corrosion resistance, and affecting its structural performance. The existing shield segment forming method has the following problems: (1) In the existing production line process, after the concrete is poured into the steel mold, it is manually poured. During manual pouring, there are high requirements for the position and depth of the vibrating rod insertion and extraction, which can easily lead to insufficient vibration, resulting in the inability to discharge the gas at the bottom and sides of the mold. Finally, after demolding, defects such as roughness and bubbles will be formed. (2) It is difficult to draw out the pores at the mortise and tenon joints using only manual vibration. (3) After the vibration is completed, the residual moisture on the surface increases, and the mud will shake during the subsequent transportation on the assembly line, resulting in uneven surface finishing and defects in the appearance of the shield segment after demolding. Excessive moisture will also cause the concrete water-binder ratio on the surface to be high and the strength to be low. Summary of the invention

[0003] The invention provides a pipe segment forming device and a method for improving the surface quality of concrete pipe segment forming, which can increase the stability of the finished concrete shield pipe segment.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a segment forming device, characterized in that it comprises:

[0005] A molding die, wherein the molding die has a molding space inside;

[0006] Vacuum equipment, the vacuum equipment at least comprising a vacuum machine, the vacuum machine is detachably and hermetically connected to the molding die, and the vacuum machine is in communication with the molding space;

[0007] A vibration table, on which the molding die is arranged, and the vibration table is used to drive the molding die to vibrate.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a feed port is provided on the top of the molding mold, and the feed port is connected to the molding space. A flip cover is provided on the top of the molding mold, and the flip cover can be flipped to cover the feed port. The flip cover is provided with a connecting port, and the vacuum machine is detachably connected to the connecting port.

[0009] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for improving the surface quality of concrete segment molding, characterized in that the method is carried out according to the following steps:

[0010] Step S1: feeding and spreading: pouring concrete from the feed port into the forming mold. When feeding, the concrete should be fed slowly and in layers while vibrating. At the same time, the vibrating table is started to drive the forming mold to vibrate. The pouring worker starts to use a vibrating rod to assist in spreading the concrete. The vibrating table vibrates for 2 to 3 minutes simultaneously. The spreading speed of the vibrating rod used by the pouring worker should match the vibration of the vibrating table. When the concrete surface is basically flattened, the spreading is stopped. After the spreading is completed, the vibrating table is turned off.

[0011] Step S2: Vacuuming and vibrating: placing the flip cover on the feed port, starting the vacuum machine, making the vacuum degree inside the molding die between 0.05Mpa and 0.1Mpa, for 1-3 minutes, while the vibration table vibrates synchronously, and the vibration table is turned off after the vacuuming is completed;

[0012] Step S3: Finishing: Open the flap and manually smooth the concrete surface;

[0013] Step S4: waiting for solidification: the forming mold is transferred to the area to be solidified by the track, and the concrete is waited for solidification.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the vibration table includes a vibration motor, a vibration airbag and a vibration frame. The vibration table is buried under the track. When the vibration table is started, the vibration airbag is inflated to lift the molding mold off the track, and then the vibration motor drives the vibration frame to vibrate.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the outer edge of the feed port extends outward to form a first connecting portion, the first connecting portion is provided with a sealing surface, the bottom of the flip cover extends outward to form a second connecting portion, the second connecting portion is provided with a sealing member, and the position of the sealing member corresponds to the position of the sealing surface.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, a first hinged portion is provided on the first side of the flip cover, and a second hinged portion is provided on the top of the molding mold. The first hinged portion and the second hinged portion are hingedly connected so that the flip cover can be flipped and covered on the feed port, and a gripping portion is provided on the second side of the flip cover opposite to the first side.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the vacuum machine includes a vacuum pump and a vacuum tube, the vacuum tube is detachably connected to the vacuum pump, and the vacuum tube is detachably connected to the connecting port.

[0018] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the vacuum machine also includes a filtering device, there are multiple vacuum tubes, the vacuum pump is connected to the filtering device through the vacuum tubes, and the filtering device is connected to the molding space through the vacuum tubes.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the vacuum equipment further includes an air pressure sensor, and the air pressure sensor is used to detect the air pressure in the molding space.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of the above technical solution, the vibration table includes a vibration motor, a vibration airbag and a vibration frame, the vibration frame is arranged on the upper part of the vibration airbag, the vibration motor is transmission-connected to the vibration frame, and the molding mold is arranged on the vibration frame.

[0021] The present invention provides a segment forming device, characterized in that it comprises: a forming mold, a vacuum device and a vibration table. A vibrating rod is used manually to vibrate synchronously with the vibration table, and the vacuum machine is used to quickly discharge bubbles that are difficult to discharge from the tenons and grooves of the segment, so that the bubbles at the tenons and grooves are reduced and the strength is increased, thereby improving the overall quality of the segment, reducing the human error factors caused by manual pouring, and improving the efficiency of extracting bubbles from the segment on the basis of manual work. After the vibration and vacuuming are completed, the water evaporates significantly, which can reduce the water-cement ratio of the concrete, and can reduce the shaking caused by excessive moisture on the surface of the segment during subsequent transportation. The quality and stability of the finished concrete shield segment can be improved.

[0022] The present invention also provides a method for improving the surface quality of concrete pipe segment molding, characterized in that after the concrete is discharged from the mixer to the translational feeding trolley, the concrete is immediately poured into the molding mold from the feeding port, and the vibrating table is started to drive the molding mold to vibrate. When feeding, the material should be fed slowly while vibrating in layers, and the pouring worker uses a vibrating rod to assist in spreading the material. The vibrating table vibrates synchronously for 2 to 3 minutes. The spreading speed of the vibrating rod used by the pouring worker should match the vibration of the vibrating table. The air is induced along the side of the molding mold in the form of fast insertion and slow withdrawal to accelerate the discharge of bubbles in the concrete and ensure that there are fewer bubbles on the surface of the concrete after demolding. The spreading is stopped after the concrete surface is basically flattened, and the vibrating table is turned off after the spreading is completed. After the vibration is completed, the vibrating table is turned off. After the pouring is completed, The flap cover is arranged on the feeding port to seal the molding space, the vacuum machine is connected to the molding mold, so that the vacuum machine is connected to the molding space, the vacuum machine is started and the vibration table is started again, so that a near-vacuum environment is formed in the molding space, and the vacuuming lasts for 1-3 minutes. The reduction in air pressure is conducive to the evaporation of water, which can effectively reduce the bubbles on the surface of the segment, reduce the surface water content of the segment, thereby reducing the surface water-cement ratio, increase the strength of the concrete on the segment surface, reduce the risk of the segment surface cracking due to low strength, and make the outer arc surface flat. The vibration table vibrates synchronously while vacuuming. After the vacuuming is completed, the vibration table is turned off, and then the concrete surface is smoothed. First, the flap is opened under the premise that the concrete does not flow, and the smoothing work of the segment is started. The smoothing is performed according to the three processes of rough, medium and fine, so as to improve the molding quality of the concrete segment. Through manual vibration in combination with the vibration of the vibration table, and in combination with the vacuum machine vibration, the quality and stability of the finished concrete shield segment can be effectively improved.

[0023] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for improving the surface quality of concrete segment molding in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a tube segment forming device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a forming mold of a pipe segment forming device and the vibration table in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a vacuum device of a tube segment forming device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] In the figure: 1. forming mold; 2. vacuum equipment; 3. vibration table; 101. feeding port; 102. flip cover; 103. connection port; 104. first connection part; 105. sealing surface; 106. second connection part; 107. sealing member; 110. first hinge part; 111. second hinge part; 112. gripping part; 201. vacuum machine; 202. vacuum pump; 203. vacuum tube; 204. filtering device; 205. air pressure sensor; 301. vibration airbag; 302. vibration frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] See also Figures 1 to 4 The embodiment of the present invention provides a segment forming device, characterized in that it includes:

[0031] A molding die 1, wherein the molding die 1 has a molding space inside;

[0032] A vacuum device 2, the vacuum device 2 at least comprising a vacuum machine 201, the vacuum machine 201 is detachably and hermetically connected to the molding die 1, and the vacuum machine 201 is in communication with the molding space;

[0033] A vibration table 3 , on which the molding die 1 is disposed, and the vibration table 3 is used to drive the molding die 1 to vibrate.

[0034] The embodiment of the present invention provides a segment forming device, characterized in that it includes: a forming mold 1, a vacuum device 2 and a vibration table 3. A vibrating rod is used manually to vibrate synchronously with the vibration table 3, and the vacuum machine 201 is used to quickly discharge bubbles that are difficult to discharge from the tenons and grooves of the segment, so that the bubbles at the tenons and grooves are reduced and the strength is increased, thereby improving the overall quality of the segment, reducing the human error factors caused by manual pouring, and improving the efficiency of extracting bubbles from the segment on the basis of manual work. After the vibration and vacuuming are completed, the water evaporates significantly, which can reduce the water-cement ratio of the concrete, and can reduce the shaking caused by excessive moisture on the surface of the segment during subsequent transportation. The quality and stability of the finished concrete shield segment can be improved.

[0035] In a further implementable embodiment of the present embodiment, a feed port 101 is provided on the top of the molding mold 1, and the feed port 101 is connected to the molding space. A flip cover 102 is provided on the top of the molding mold 1, and the flip cover 102 can be flipped to cover the feed port 101. The flip cover 102 is provided with a connecting port 103, and the vacuum machine 201 is detachably connected to the connecting port 103.

[0036] In this embodiment, during the pouring process, concrete is poured into the molding space through the feed port 101. After the pouring is completed, the flip cover 102 is driven by an external lifting device or a lifting device to flip the cover arranged on the feed port 101, the vacuum machine 201 is connected to the connecting port 103, and the vacuum machine 201 is started to form a near-vacuum environment in the molding space. By providing the flip cover 102, it is convenient for the operator to close the feed port 101, thereby improving the operational convenience. The vacuum machine 201 performs a vacuum operation on the molding space through the connecting port 103. After the vibration and vacuuming are completed, the vacuum machine 201 is disconnected from the connecting port 103, thereby further improving the operational convenience.

[0037] Another aspect of the present invention provides a method for improving the surface quality of concrete segment molding, characterized in that the method is carried out according to the following steps:

[0038] Step S1: feeding and spreading: pour concrete from the feed port 101 into the forming mold 1. When feeding, the concrete should be fed slowly and in layers while vibrating. At the same time, the vibrating table 3 is started to drive the forming mold to vibrate. The pouring worker starts to use a vibrating rod to assist in spreading the concrete. The vibrating table vibrates for 2 to 3 minutes simultaneously. The spreading speed of the vibrating rod used by the pouring worker should match the vibration of the vibrating table 3. The spreading is stopped after the concrete surface is basically flattened. After the spreading is completed, the vibrating table 3 is turned off.

[0039] Step S2: Vacuuming and vibrating: Place the flip cover 103 on the feed port 101, start the vacuum machine 201, make the vacuum degree inside the molding die 1 between 0.05Mpa and 0.1Mpa, and continue for 1-3 minutes. While vacuuming, the vibration table 3 vibrates synchronously. After vacuuming, turn off the vibration table 3;

[0040] Step S3: Light collection: Open the flip cover 103 and manually smooth the concrete surface;

[0041] Step S4: waiting for solidification: the forming mold 1 is transferred to the area to be solidified by the track, and the concrete is waited for solidification.

[0042] The present invention also provides a method for improving the surface quality of concrete pipe segment molding, characterized in that after the concrete is discharged from the mixer to the translational feeding trolley, the concrete is immediately poured into the molding mold 1 from the feeding port 101, and the vibrating table 3 is started to drive the molding mold 1 to vibrate. When feeding, the material should be vibrated and fed slowly in layers, and the vibrating table is vibrated synchronously for 2 to 3 minutes. The spreading speed of the vibrating rod used by the pouring worker should match the vibration of the vibrating table. The air is induced along the side of the molding mold 1 in the form of fast insertion and slow withdrawal to accelerate the discharge of bubbles in the concrete and ensure that there are fewer bubbles on the surface of the concrete after demolding. The concrete vibration time is suitable when the concrete surface stops sinking or sinks insignificantly, bubbles on the concrete surface no longer occur significantly, and the concrete fills the edge and corner of the mold and mortar overflows on the surface. No vibration or over-vibration is allowed. The spreading is stopped after the concrete surface is basically flattened, and the concrete is closed after the spreading is completed. After the pouring is completed, the vibration table 3 is covered with the flap 102 on the feed port 101 to seal the molding space, the vacuum machine 201 is connected to the molding mold 1, so that the vacuum machine 201 is connected to the molding space, and the vacuum machine 201 is started to make the vacuum degree inside the molding space between 0.05Mpa and 0.1Mpa, which lasts for 1-3 minutes. The reduction in air pressure is conducive to the evaporation of water, which can effectively reduce bubbles on the surface of the pipe segment, reduce the moisture on the surface of the pipe segment, thereby reducing the water-cement ratio on the surface, increasing the strength of the concrete on the surface of the pipe segment, and reducing the risk of cracking due to low strength of the surface of the pipe segment, making the outer arc surface smooth. The vibration table 3 vibrates synchronously while vacuuming, and the vibration table 3 is closed after vacuuming; then the concrete surface is smoothed. First, the flap 102 is opened under the premise that the concrete does not flow, and the smoothing work of the pipe segment is started. Polishing is carried out in three steps: rough, medium and fine. Specifically: Rough polishing: Two people use a special pressure ruler to scrape off excess concrete (or fill in depressions), and perform 2-3 rough pulling to achieve the slurry lifting effect. Medium polishing: After the concrete has initially absorbed water, use a gray board to polish the surface 2-3 times to make the surface of the segment flat and smooth. Fine polishing: Use a gray board to press the surface again, and strive to make the surface bright and free of gray board marks. Press the concrete with your fingers to leave no marks, pull out the core rod, and cover it with a plastic film to allow the concrete to rest. Finally, the forming mold 1 is transferred to the area to be solidified through the track, and the concrete is left to solidify. The quality and stability of the finished concrete shield segment can be effectively improved by manual vibration in combination with the vibration table 3 and the vacuum machine 201.

[0043] In a further feasible embodiment of this embodiment, the vibration table 3 includes a vibration motor (not shown in the figure), a vibration airbag 301 and a vibration frame 302. The vibration table 3 is buried under the track. When the vibration table 3 is started, the vibration airbag 301 is inflated to lift the molding mold 1 off the track, and then the vibration motor drives the vibration frame 302 to vibrate.

[0044] In this embodiment, in the assembly line production process, in order to improve production efficiency, the forming mold 1 is transported by rails. During the vibration process, the vibration of the forming mold is often transmitted to other forming molds 1 through the rails. During the solidification process of the pipe segment, the vibration of the forming mold 1 will cause excessive moisture on the surface of the pipe segment to cause shaking, which will affect the surface of the pipe segment; the vibration table 3 is buried under the rails, and the vibration frame 302 is arranged on the upper part of the vibration airbag 301. In the process of the vibration motor driving the vibration frame 302 to vibrate, the forming mold 1 is lifted by the vibration airbag 301 to a certain height above the surrounding rails, so as to avoid causing vibration of the remaining forming molds 1, especially avoiding causing vibration of the forming mold 1 that has been cast, so as to avoid affecting the forming quality of the pipe segment.

[0045] In a further implementable embodiment of the present embodiment, the outer edge of the feed port 101 extends outward to form a first connection portion 104, the first connection portion 104 is provided with a sealing surface 105, the bottom of the flip cover 102 extends outward to form a second connection portion 106, the second connection portion 106 is provided with a sealing member 107, and the position of the sealing member 107 corresponds to the position of the sealing surface 105.

[0046] In this embodiment, the outer edge of the feed port 101 extends outward to form a first connecting portion 104, and the first connecting portion 104 is provided with a sealing surface 105, and the second connecting portion 106 is provided with a sealing member 107. Through the cooperation of the sealing member 107 and the sealing surface 105, it is ensured that the connection between the vacuum equipment 2 and the molding mold 1 is in a sealed connection, thereby improving the sealing effect of the connection and ensuring that during the vacuuming process, the molding space is in an environment as close to a vacuum as possible, thereby further increasing the quality of the finished pipe segment.

[0047] In a further implementable embodiment of the present invention, a first hinge portion 110 is provided on the first side of the flip cover 102, and a second hinge portion 111 is provided on the top of the molding mold 1, the first hinge portion 110 and the second hinge portion 111 are hingedly connected so that the flip cover 102 can be flipped and covered on the feed port 101, and a gripping portion 112 is provided on the second side of the flip cover 102 opposite to the first side.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first hinged portion 110 is hinged with the second hinged portion 111 so that the flap 102 can be flipped to cover the feed port 101, and a gripping portion 112 is provided on the second side of the flap 102 opposite to the first side. The gripping portion 112 is used to connect with an external robotic arm or other equipment to facilitate flipping of the flap 102, thereby improving operational convenience and thus improving production efficiency. At the same time, external force can be applied to the flap 102 through the gripping portion 112, thereby further improving the sealing effect and ensuring that during the vacuuming process, the molding space is in an environment as close to a vacuum as possible, thereby further improving the quality of the finished pipe segment.

[0049] In a further implementable embodiment of this embodiment, the vacuum machine 201 includes a vacuum pump 202 and a vacuum tube 203 , and the vacuum tube 203 is detachably connected to the vacuum pump 202 .

[0050] In this embodiment, the vacuum machine 201 includes a vacuum pump 202 and a vacuum tube 203. The vacuum tube 203 is detachably connected to the vacuum pump 202. The vacuum tube 203 can be regularly disassembled and cleaned to prevent pipeline blockage and internal water accumulation due to excessive extraction times, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the vacuum equipment 2 and avoiding affecting the quality of the finished pipe segment due to equipment failure.

[0051] In a further feasible embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum machine 201 further includes a filtering device 204 , there are multiple vacuum tubes 203 , the vacuum pump 202 is connected to the filtering device 204 through the vacuum tubes 203 , and the filtering device 204 is connected to the molding space through the vacuum tubes 203 .

[0052] In this embodiment, the vacuum machine 201 is also provided with a filter device 204, which cooperates with the detachable vacuum tube 203 to further prevent the occurrence of pipeline blockage and internal water accumulation due to excessive extraction times, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the vacuum equipment 2 and avoiding the quality of the finished pipe segment being affected by equipment failure. The vacuum pump 202 is a rotary vane vacuum pump 202.

[0053] In a further implementable embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum equipment 2 further includes an air pressure sensor 205, and the air pressure sensor 205 is used to detect the air pressure in the molding space.

[0054] In this embodiment, the vacuum equipment 2 also includes an air pressure sensor 205. The sensing area of ​​the air pressure sensor 205 passes through the connection port 103 of the flip cover 102 and enters the molding space. The air pressure sensor 205 is used to detect the air pressure in the molding space, further ensuring that the internal pressure of the molding space is between 0.05Mpa and 0.1Mpa during vacuuming, thereby further improving the quality of the finished pipe segment. In addition, during the vacuuming process, if the detected air pressure value is abnormal, it means that the vacuum equipment 2 is faulty or there is a leak at the connection between the vacuum equipment 2 and the molding mold 1, and it is necessary to stop the machine for inspection and troubleshooting. The air pressure sensor 205 can ensure the normal operation of the equipment, thereby ensuring the service life of the equipment.

[0055] In a further implementable embodiment of this embodiment, the vibration table 3 includes a vibration motor, a vibration airbag 301 and a vibration frame 302, the vibration frame 302 is arranged on the upper part of the vibration airbag 301, the vibration motor is transmission-connected to the vibration frame 302, and the molding mold 1 is arranged on the vibration frame 302.

[0056] In this embodiment, the vibration table 3 includes a vibration motor, a vibration airbag 301 and a vibration frame 302. The vibration motor drives the vibration frame 302 to vibrate on the vibration airbag 301, and finally drives the forming mold 1 to vibrate, thereby reducing the human error factor caused by manual pouring, and the efficiency of bubble extraction of the pipe segment is improved on the basis of manual work, which can improve the quality and stability of the finished concrete shield pipe segment; the vibration frame 302 is arranged on the upper part of the vibration airbag 301. In the process of the vibration motor driving the vibration frame 302 to vibrate, the vibration airbag 301 can play a shock-absorbing effect, which can prevent the vibration of the forming mold 1 from being transmitted to the track and the ground, causing the rest of the forming mold 1 to vibrate, especially avoiding causing the vibration of the forming mold 1 that has been cast to avoid affecting the forming quality of the pipe segment. By setting the vibration airbag 301, the quality of the surface of the finished pipe segment can be further improved.

[0057] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0058] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0059] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A segment forming device, characterized in that: include: A molding die, wherein the molding die has a molding space inside; Vacuum equipment, the vacuum equipment at least comprising a vacuum machine, the vacuum machine is detachably and hermetically connected to the molding die, and the vacuum machine is in communication with the molding space; A vibration table, on which the molding die is arranged, and the vibration table is used to drive the molding die to vibrate.

2. The segment forming device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feed port is provided on the top of the molding die, and the feed port is communicated with the molding space. A flip cover is provided on the top of the molding die, and the flip cover can be flipped to cover the feed port. The flip cover is provided with a connecting port, and the vacuum machine is detachably connected to the connecting port.

3. A method for improving the surface quality of concrete segment molding, characterized in that The method proceeds as follows: Step S1: feeding and spreading: pour concrete from the feed port into the forming mold. When feeding, the concrete should be fed slowly and in layers while vibrating. At the same time, the vibrating table is started to drive the forming mold to vibrate. The pouring worker starts to use a vibrating rod to assist in spreading the concrete. The vibrating table vibrates for 2 to 3 minutes simultaneously. The spreading speed of the vibrating rod used by the pouring worker should match the vibration of the vibrating table. When the concrete surface is basically flattened, the spreading is stopped. After the spreading is completed, the vibrating table is turned off. Step S2: Vacuuming and vibrating: placing the flip cover on the feed port, starting the vacuum machine, making the vacuum degree inside the molding die between 0.05Mpa and 0.1Mpa, for 1-3 minutes, while the vibration table vibrates synchronously, and the vibration table is turned off after the vacuuming is completed; Step S3: Finishing: Open the flap and manually smooth the concrete surface; Step S4: waiting for solidification: the forming mold is transferred to the area to be solidified by the track, and the concrete is waited for solidification.

4. The method for improving the surface quality of concrete segment molding according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The vibration platform comprises a vibration motor, a vibration airbag and a vibration frame. The vibration platform is buried under the track. When the vibration platform is started, the vibration airbag is inflated to lift the forming mold off the track, and then the vibration motor drives the vibration frame to vibrate.

5. The method for improving the surface quality of concrete segment molding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer edge of the feed port extends outward to form a first connection portion, and the first connection portion is provided with a sealing surface. The bottom of the flip cover extends outward to form a second connection portion, and a sealing member is provided on the second connection portion. The position of the sealing member corresponds to the position of the sealing surface.

6. The method for improving the surface quality of concrete segment molding according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first hinged portion is provided on the first side of the flip cover, and a second hinged portion is provided on the top of the molding mold. The first hinged portion and the second hinged portion are hingedly connected so that the flip cover can be flipped and covered on the feed port. A gripping portion is provided on the second side of the flip cover opposite to the first side.

7. The method for improving the surface quality of concrete segment molding according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vacuum machine comprises a vacuum pump and a vacuum tube, wherein the vacuum tube is detachably connected to the vacuum pump, and the vacuum tube is detachably connected to the connecting port.

8. The method for improving the surface quality of concrete segment molding according to claim 7, characterized in that: The vacuum machine further includes a filtering device. There are multiple vacuum tubes. The vacuum pump is connected to the filtering device through the vacuum tubes. The filtering device is connected to the molding space through the vacuum tubes.

9. The method for improving the surface quality of concrete segment molding according to claim 8, characterized in that: The vacuum equipment further includes an air pressure sensor, which is used to detect the air pressure in the molding space.

10. The method for improving the surface quality of concrete segment molding according to claim 4, characterized in that: The vibration table comprises a vibration motor, a vibration airbag and a vibration frame, wherein the vibration frame is arranged on the upper part of the vibration airbag, the vibration motor is transmission-connected to the vibration frame, and the forming mold is arranged on the vibration frame.

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