Indirect type integrated heat management system based on R290 refrigerant and control method of indirect type integrated heat management system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle thermal management. The invention provides an indirect integrated thermal management system based on an R290 refrigerant and a control method thereof, the system can comprehensively manage heat of a battery loop, an electric drive system and a passenger compartment environment, and performs energy exchange with an external environment, so that temperature control of a battery, the electric drive system and the passenger compartment is realized, and the service life of the battery loop, the electric drive system and the passenger compartment is prolonged. The battery and the electric drive are in a proper working temperature range, the problems of high-temperature thermal runaway or capacity attenuation of the battery, demagnetization of an electric drive system and the like are avoided, the safety and the service life of the whole vehicle are further improved, and meanwhile the requirement for thermal comfort of a passenger compartment can be met. In addition, the working condition of waste heat utilization of a battery or an electric drive system can be achieved through switching of water ways and flow distribution, and the system efficiency can be improved in winter.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of thermal management of electric vehicles, and in particular to an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] "Thermal management" is unfamiliar and indifferent to most traditional car consumers. However, in the era of pure electric vehicles, due to the high cost of batteries, battery energy consumption has become the focus of attention of car companies and users, and the importance of thermal management has been highlighted. The thermal management system of the whole vehicle, whether it is to adjust the temperature of the cabin or to keep the battery warm, will have a direct impact on energy consumption and battery life. In the winter test of the media organization, the quality of thermal management can be intuitively shown through the achievement rate of battery life and the proportion of energy consumption increase.

[0003] From the user's perspective, the main functions of thermal management systems in the era of electric vehicles are reflected in one aspect: internal and external. The internal function is to keep the temperature inside the car warm in winter and cool in summer, such as heating the seats and steering wheel, or turning on the air conditioner in advance, etc. - in the process of quickly adjusting the cabin temperature, how much time it takes to reach the specified temperature and how much energy it takes, how to balance is critical; the external function is to ensure that the battery is at a suitable working temperature - it should not be too hot, which will cause thermal runaway and fire; nor should it be too cold. When the battery temperature is too low, energy release is hindered, and the impact on actual use is a significant decrease in cruising range. Thermal management will be more important in winter, because preventing thermal runaway has been considered more fully in battery design, but in winter, how to spend less energy to keep the battery at the optimal operating temperature is the key issue to be solved by thermal management.

[0004] At present, R134a is the mainstream automotive refrigerant in the thermal management system of electric vehicles. For example, CN109768351A discloses a power battery pack R134a refrigerant direct cooling and heat pipe coupling cooling system to further improve the heat exchange capacity of electric vehicle battery packs under harsh working conditions; however, R134a has disadvantages such as a large greenhouse effect coefficient (GWP=1430) and poor low-temperature heating effect. When the environment is below -10°C, the system basically cannot operate normally, which is not conducive to the thermal management of the whole vehicle; and my country has joined and signed the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, and R134a will be gradually phased out in the future.

[0005] R290 has the advantages of low greenhouse effect (GWP=3), good low-temperature heating effect, large phase change enthalpy difference per unit mass, low filling volume, system pressure similar to R134a, and low system component replacement cost. Therefore, it has become a refrigerant with great replacement potential. However, R290 has a certain flammability risk. Therefore, the electric vehicle thermal management system needs to consider how to reduce the risk brought by its flammability when using R290 refrigerant.

[0006] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, there is an urgent need for an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant and a control method thereof, which can not only optimize the working efficiency of the thermal management system by using R290 refrigerant with better properties, but also further solve the safety risk problems brought by the use of R290 refrigerant. Summary of the invention

[0007] In order to solve the technical problems or defects in the prior art, the present invention proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant and its control method, wherein the system can comprehensively manage the heat of the battery circuit, electric drive system and passenger compartment environment, and exchange energy with the external environment to achieve temperature control of the battery, electric drive system and passenger compartment, so that the battery and electric drive are within a suitable operating temperature range, avoiding problems such as high-temperature thermal runaway or capacity attenuation of the battery and demagnetization of the electric drive system, further improving the safety and service life of the vehicle, and at the same time meeting the requirements of thermal comfort of the passenger compartment. In addition, the switching of the water channel and the distribution of the flow rate can realize the working condition of the battery or electric drive system waste heat utilization, which can improve the system efficiency in winter.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant, including a refrigerant circuit, a passenger compartment circuit, a battery circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a radiator circuit; the above circuits are connected by a plurality of pipes; and at least one electronic water pump is provided on the pipes between the two circuits;

[0009] Coolant flows in the pipeline, and the electronic water pump is used to provide power for the coolant to flow;

[0010] The pipeline is also provided with a number of three-way valves, through the combination and switching of the three-way valves, the flow direction of the coolant can be adjusted and distributed;

[0011] The refrigerant circuit is used to perform cooling and heating cycles to achieve heat transfer to meet the cooling or heating requirements of each circuit under different working conditions;

[0012] The passenger compartment circuit is used to control the temperature and humidity in the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle;

[0013] The battery circuit is used to supply power to the electric vehicle, various circuits and the electronic water pump;

[0014] The electric drive system circuit is used to drive the electric vehicle to operate;

[0015] The radiator circuit is used to dissipate the heat generated in each circuit to the environment or absorb heat from the environment.

[0016] The present application proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant, which consists of a refrigerant circuit, a passenger compartment circuit, a battery circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a radiator circuit; each circuit is connected by a series of pipes, in which coolant flows, and the power of the flow is provided by an electronic water pump. The flow direction of the water circuit is adjusted and distributed between the circuits through the combination and switching of a series of three-way valves to meet the temperature requirements of different working conditions.

[0017] The present application proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit does not enter the passenger compartment, and only participates in the system's thermal management through heat exchange between the refrigerant and the coolant in two plate heat exchangers. The system refrigerant charge is further reduced through the integration of the refrigerant pipeline. This solution can greatly reduce the risks brought by the flammability of R290.

[0018] Preferably, the refrigerant circuit includes an electric compressor, a four-way valve, two plate heat exchangers, an expansion valve, and a gas-liquid separator, which mainly runs the refrigeration and heating cycles to achieve heat transfer;

[0019] The output end of the electric compressor is connected to the through hole on one side of the four-way valve through a pipeline; and the two through holes on the other side of the four-way valve are respectively connected to the two plate heat exchangers through pipelines; the two plate heat exchangers are connected through a pipeline, and an expansion valve is provided on the pipeline between the two plate heat exchangers; the last through hole on the side of the four-way valve away from the electric compressor is connected to the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline, and the gas-liquid separator is connected to the input end of the electric compressor through a pipeline.

[0020] The working mode of the refrigerant circuit is: the heat from the battery, electric drive system, and passenger compartment is absorbed into the refrigerant through a plate heat exchanger and the heat is discharged to the coolant flowing to the radiator circuit through another plate heat exchanger. The coolant discharges the heat to the external environment through the external radiator.

[0021] Preferably, the electric compressor can drive the flow of refrigerant and compress the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas; the four-way valve can control the flow direction of the refrigerant; one of the plate heat exchangers can condense the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas to release heat, and convert the refrigerant into a liquid or a gas-liquid mixture, and the other plate heat exchanger absorbs heat through the evaporation of the liquid or gas-liquid mixture refrigerant; the expansion valve can convert the refrigerant in the form of a liquid or a gas-liquid mixture into a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid or a gas-liquid mixture; the gas-liquid separator can retain the inflowing liquid refrigerant to prevent the liquid refrigerant from entering the electric compressor and causing liquid hammer to damage the compressor.

[0022] Preferably, the refrigerant circuit can switch the refrigerant flow path through a four-way valve; and the expansion valve has a two-way expansion function.

[0023] Preferably, the refrigerant circulates only in the refrigerant circuit and does not directly participate in the thermal management of the remaining circuits. The thermal management of the circuits is indirectly achieved by exchanging heat with the coolant in the plate heat exchanger.

[0024] Preferably, the refrigerant circuit can switch the evaporation and condensation processes on the two plate heat exchangers by switching the four-way valve to meet the cooling or heating requirements of each circuit under different working conditions.

[0025] Preferably, the passenger compartment circuit includes two in-vehicle heat exchangers, a fan, and an air-conditioning box including an air duct; a fan is provided on one side of the air-conditioning box, two in-vehicle heat exchangers are provided in the air-conditioning box, and the two in-vehicle heat exchangers are respectively located on two sections of the pipeline.

[0026] One of the in-car heat exchangers only passes cold water and is only used in dehumidification conditions, while the other in-car heat exchanger realizes heating and cooling functions under different conditions. When there is a cooling demand in the passenger compartment, cold water flows through the in-car heat exchanger for heating and cooling, and the fan blows through to form cold air, which enters the passenger compartment. At this time, no water flows through the in-car heat exchanger for dehumidification. When there is a heating demand in the passenger compartment, cold water flows through the in-car heat exchanger for heating and cooling, and the fan blows through to form hot air, which enters the passenger compartment. At this time, no water flows through the in-car heat exchanger for dehumidification. In winter, when the car is in heating mode, the humidity in the passenger compartment is prone to high levels. To prevent the glass from fogging up, the passenger compartment needs to be dehumidified. At this time, cold water flows into the car's heat exchanger for dehumidification, and the humid air blown out by the fan first passes through the car's heat exchanger for dehumidification that also flows through cold water. At this time, the water vapor in the humid air condenses and the humidity drops. Then the dry air blows through another car heat exchanger for heating and cooling, and is blown into the passenger compartment after the temperature is increased.

[0027] Preferably, the battery circuit comprises at least one group of batteries.

[0028] Preferably, the radiator circuit includes an external radiator; the external radiator is connected to an output end of one of the plate heat exchangers via a pipeline, and the external radiator can dissipate the heat released by the plate heat exchanger into the environment.

[0029] A control method for an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant comprises the following steps:

[0030] S1. Real-time collection of cabin temperature and humidity, battery temperature, electric drive system temperature, and ambient temperature;

[0031] S2. Determine the temperature requirements of each circuit operating condition;

[0032] S3. After determining the temperature requirements of each circuit working condition, the required circuit temperature is controlled by controlling the four-way valve, the three-way valve, and the electronic water pump;

[0033] S4: Real-time judgment of whether the temperature and humidity of the passenger cabin, the temperature of the battery and the electric drive system circuit meet the requirements;

[0034] S5. If the requirements are not met, return to step S2 to perform working condition judgment again to determine the current working mode of the system; if the requirements are met, end the system operation.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1. The present invention proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant and a control method thereof, wherein the system can comprehensively manage the heat of the battery circuit, electric drive system and passenger compartment environment, and exchange energy with the external environment to achieve temperature control of the battery, electric drive system and passenger compartment, so that the battery and electric drive are within a suitable operating temperature range, avoiding problems such as high-temperature thermal runaway or capacity attenuation of the battery and demagnetization of the electric drive system, further improving the safety and service life of the vehicle, and at the same time meeting the requirements of thermal comfort of the passenger compartment. In addition, the switching of the water channel and the distribution of the flow rate can realize the working condition of the battery or electric drive system waste heat utilization, which can improve the system efficiency in winter.

[0037] 2. The indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant proposed in the present invention consists of a refrigerant circuit, a passenger compartment circuit, a battery circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a radiator circuit; each circuit is connected by a series of pipelines, and coolant flows in the pipelines. The power of the flow is provided by an electronic water pump. The flow direction of the water circuit is adjusted and distributed between the circuits through the combination and switching of a series of three-way valves to meet the temperature requirements of different working conditions.

[0038] 3. The present invention proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant. The refrigerant circuit does not enter the passenger compartment, and only participates in the thermal management of the system through heat exchange between the refrigerant and the coolant in two plate heat exchangers. The system refrigerant charge is further reduced by the integration of the refrigerant pipeline. This solution can greatly reduce the risks brought by the flammability of R290. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in Embodiment 6 of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 This is a structural schematic diagram of an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in Embodiment 7 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in Embodiment 8 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in Embodiment 9 of the present invention;

[0048] Fig. 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in Embodiment 10 of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Fig.11 It is a flow chart of a control method of an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Embodiment 1

[0053] This embodiment proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant, including a refrigerant circuit, a passenger compartment circuit, a battery circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a radiator circuit; the above circuits are connected by a plurality of pipes; and at least one electronic water pump is provided on the pipes between the two circuits;

[0054] Coolant flows in the pipeline, and the electronic water pump is used to provide power for the coolant to flow;

[0055] The pipeline is also provided with a number of three-way valves, through the combination and switching of the three-way valves, the flow direction of the coolant can be adjusted and distributed;

[0056] The refrigerant circuit is used to perform cooling and heating cycles to achieve heat transfer to meet the cooling or heating requirements of each circuit under different working conditions;

[0057] The passenger compartment circuit is used to control the temperature and humidity in the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle;

[0058] The battery circuit is used to supply power to the electric vehicle, various circuits and the electronic water pump;

[0059] The electric drive system circuit is used to drive the electric vehicle to operate;

[0060] The radiator circuit is used to dissipate the heat generated in each circuit to the environment or absorb heat from the environment.

[0061] An indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant in this embodiment consists of a refrigerant circuit, a passenger compartment circuit, a battery circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a radiator circuit; each circuit is connected by a series of pipes, and coolant flows in the pipes. The power of the flow is provided by an electronic water pump. The flow direction of the water circuit is adjusted and distributed between the circuits through the combination and switching of a series of three-way valves to meet the temperature requirements of different working conditions.

[0062] The refrigerant circuit in this embodiment does not enter the passenger compartment, and only participates in the system's thermal management through heat exchange between the refrigerant and the coolant in the two plate heat exchangers. The system refrigerant charge is further reduced through the integration of the refrigerant pipelines. This solution can greatly reduce the risks brought by the flammability of R290.

[0063] Embodiment 2

[0064] This embodiment is based on the technical solution and technical principle in the first embodiment, and also includes the following technical features:

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant, which consists of a refrigerant circuit, a passenger compartment circuit, a battery circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a radiator circuit. The circuits are connected by a series of pipelines (indicated by black solid lines in the figure). Coolant flows in the pipelines, and the flow power is provided by four electronic water pumps. The flow direction of the water circuit is adjusted and distributed between the circuits through the combination and switching of a series of three-way valves to meet the needs of different working conditions.

[0066] Refrigerant circuit Figure 1 As shown in the dotted frame, it includes an electric compressor, a four-way valve, two plate heat exchangers, an expansion valve, and a gas-liquid separator, which mainly play the role of running refrigeration and heating cycles to achieve heat transfer; the output end of the electric compressor is connected to the through hole on one side of the four-way valve through a pipeline; and the two through holes on the other side of the four-way valve are respectively connected to the two plate heat exchangers through pipelines; the two plate heat exchangers are connected through a pipeline, and an expansion valve is provided on the pipeline between the two plate heat exchangers; the last through hole on the side of the four-way valve away from the electric compressor is connected to the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline, and the gas-liquid separator is connected to the input end of the electric compressor through a pipeline.

[0067] The working process of the refrigerant circuit is that the refrigerant is driven by the electric compressor to flow and compress to become a high-temperature and high-pressure gas. After the flow direction is confirmed by the four-way valve, the refrigerant flows through the plate heat exchanger to condense and release heat, and transfers the heat to the system coolant. The refrigerant that has released a certain amount of heat flows through the expansion valve in the form of liquid or gas-liquid mixture to become a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid or gas-liquid mixture, flows through another plate heat exchanger to realize the evaporation heat absorption process, absorbs the heat in the coolant to become a medium-temperature and low-pressure fluid, and enters the compressor again to realize compression and flow drive. The role of the gas-liquid separator is to retain the inflowing liquid refrigerant to prevent the liquid refrigerant from entering the compressor and causing liquid shock to damage the compressor. The refrigerant circuit can realize the switching of the refrigerant flow path through the four-way valve. The expansion valve has a two-way expansion function. The refrigerant only circulates in the refrigerant circuit and does not directly participate in the thermal management of the other circuits. The thermal management of each circuit is indirectly realized by heat exchange with the coolant in the plate heat exchanger. Its typical working mode is to absorb the heat from the battery, electric drive system, and passenger compartment to the refrigerant through the plate heat exchanger 2 and discharge the heat to the radiator circuit coolant through the plate heat exchanger 1. The coolant discharges the heat to the outside environment through the external radiator. The refrigerant circuit can switch the evaporation and condensation processes on the two plate heat exchangers through the switching of the four-way valve to meet the cooling or heating needs of each circuit under different working conditions.

[0068] The passenger compartment circuit includes the in-vehicle heat exchanger 1, the in-vehicle heat exchanger 2, the fan and the air-conditioning box including the air duct. The in-vehicle heat exchanger 2 only uses cold water and is only used in dehumidification conditions. The in-vehicle heat exchanger 1 can realize the functions of heating and cooling under different working conditions. When there is a demand for cooling in the passenger compartment, cold water flows through the in-vehicle heat exchanger 1, and the fan blows to form cold air, which enters the passenger compartment. At this time, no water flows through the in-vehicle heat exchanger 2; when there is a demand for heating in the passenger compartment, cold water flows through the in-vehicle heat exchanger 1, and the fan blows to form hot air, which enters the passenger compartment. At this time, no water flows through the in-vehicle heat exchanger 2; in the heating mode in winter, the passenger compartment is prone to high humidity. In order to avoid fogging of the glass in the car, the passenger compartment needs to be dehumidified, and cold water flows into the in-vehicle heat exchanger 2. The humid air blown out by the fan first passes through the in-vehicle heat exchanger 2 flowing through the cold water. At this time, the water vapor in the humid air condenses and the humidity decreases. Then the dry air blows through the in-vehicle heat exchanger 1, and is blown into the passenger compartment after the temperature is increased.

[0069] The battery circuit includes at least one group of batteries; since there are a series of complex flow channels inside the battery circuit, Figure 1 The heat dissipation and heating of the battery can be achieved by switching the three-way valve. Figure 1 As shown, the electric drive system is also simplified.

[0070] The radiator circuit includes an external radiator; the external radiator is connected to the output end of the plate heat exchanger 1 through a pipeline. The external radiator can dissipate the heat released by the plate heat exchanger 1 to the environment and can absorb heat from the environment under low-temperature heating conditions.

[0071] The refrigerant flows in each component and pipeline, and the remaining circuits use cooling water as the medium to exchange heat with the refrigerant circuit through the plate heat exchanger. The battery, electric drive, and passenger compartment circuits are distributed through a combination of several three-way valves. Each circuit is equipped with an electronic water pump, and finally the three-way valve controls its flow back to the corresponding plate heat exchanger.

[0072] Embodiment 3

[0073] This embodiment is based on the technical solutions and technical principles in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and also includes the following technical features:

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the present embodiment system proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant. When there is no demand in the passenger compartment, battery cooling, and electric drive (operating condition 1), the flow direction of the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit is as follows: Figure 2 As shown:

[0075] The refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit is electric compressor port 2 → four-way valve port 1 → four-way valve port 4 → plate heat exchanger port 1-1 → plate heat exchanger port 1-2 → expansion valve port 1 → expansion valve port 2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-1 → four-way valve port 2 → four-way valve port 3 → gas-liquid separator port 1 → gas-liquid separator port 2 → electric compressor port 1 → electric compressor port 2. At this time, the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 1 undergoes a condensation process, releasing heat into the cooling water; the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 2 undergoes an evaporation process, and the refrigerator absorbs heat from the cooling water.

[0076] The flow in the water circuit is divided into two parts: heat dissipation of the battery circuit and heat dissipation of the external radiator circuit. The coolant in the battery circuit takes out the heat of the battery and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 2. After the cooling water is cooled, it flows to the battery again. The flow path of this process is: plate heat exchanger 2-4 port → three-way valve 1-1 port → three-way valve 1-2 port → three-way valve 3-1 port → three-way valve 3-3 port → three-way valve 4-2 port → three-way valve 4-3 port → three-way valve 9-2 port → three-way valve 9-3 port → electronic water pump 3-1 port → electronic water pump 3-2 port → battery 1 port → battery 2 port → three-way valve 10-3 port → three-way valve 10-2 port → three-way valve 12-1 port → three-way valve 12-3 port → plate heat exchanger 2-3 port.

[0077] The external radiator circuit needs to dissipate the heat released by the plate heat exchanger 1 to the environment, and the flow path of the cooling water in the circuit is: port 1-4 of the plate heat exchanger → port 2-1 of the three-way valve → port 2-2 of the three-way valve → port 5-1 of the three-way valve → port 5-2 of the three-way valve → port 8-1 of the three-way valve → port 8-2 of the three-way valve → port 13-1 of the three-way valve → port 13-2 of the three-way valve → port 1 of the external radiator → port 2 of the external radiator → port 1-3 of the plate heat exchanger.

[0078] Under the working conditions of this embodiment, the plate heat exchanger 2 in the refrigerant circuit absorbs the heat of the battery circuit coolant and releases it to the external radiator circuit at the plate heat exchanger 1, and finally releases it to the environment through the radiator.

[0079] Embodiment 4:

[0080] This embodiment is based on the technical solutions and technical principles in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and also includes the following technical features:

[0081] like Figure 3 As shown, the present embodiment system proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant. When there is no demand in the passenger compartment, battery cooling, and electric drive cooling (operating condition 2), the flow direction of the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit is as follows: Figure 3 As shown:

[0082] The refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit is compressor port 2 → four-way valve port 1 → four-way valve port 4 → plate heat exchanger port 1-1 → plate heat exchanger port 1-2 → expansion valve port 1 → expansion valve port 2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-1 → four-way valve port 2 → four-way valve port 3 → gas-liquid separator port 1 → gas-liquid separator port 2 → compressor port 1 → compressor port 2. At this time, the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 1 undergoes a condensation process, releasing heat into the cooling water; the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 2 undergoes an evaporation process, and the refrigerator absorbs heat from the cooling water.

[0083] At this time, the battery and electric drive system circuits dissipate heat and the external radiator circuit releases heat into the environment. The coolant in the battery and electric drive system circuits takes out the heat from the battery and the electric drive system and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 2. After the cooling water is cooled, it flows to the battery and electric drive system circuits again. The flow path of this process is: plate heat exchanger 2-4 port → three-way valve 1-1 port → three-way valve 1-2 port → three-way valve 3-1 port. Then the cooling water flows out from the three-way valve 3-3 port and the three-way valve 3-2 port according to the distribution ratio of the three-way valve 3. The path to the battery circuit is: three-way valve port 3-3 → three-way valve port 4-2 → three-way valve port 4-3 → three-way valve port 9-2 → three-way valve port 9-3 → electronic water pump port 3-1 → electronic water pump port 3-2 → battery port 1 → battery port 2 → three-way valve port 10-3 → three-way valve port 10-2 → three-way valve port 12-1 → three-way valve port 12-3. The path to the electric drive system circuit is: three-way valve port 3-2 → three-way valve port 6-1 → three-way valve port 6-3 → three-way valve port 7-2 → three-way valve port 7-3 → electronic water pump port 4-1 → electronic water pump port 4-2 → electric drive system port 1 → electric drive system port 2 → three-way valve port 11-1 → three-way valve port 11-3. The battery circuit cooling water and the electric drive system circuit cooling water merge and flow into the plate heat exchanger port 2-3.

[0084] The external radiator circuit needs to dissipate the heat released by the plate heat exchanger 1 to the environment, and the flow path of the cooling water in the circuit is: port 1-4 of the plate heat exchanger → port 2-1 of the three-way valve → port 2-2 of the three-way valve → port 5-1 of the three-way valve → port 5-2 of the three-way valve → port 8-1 of the three-way valve → port 8-2 of the three-way valve → port 13-1 of the three-way valve → port 13-2 of the three-way valve → port 1 of the external radiator → port 2 of the external radiator → port 1-3 of the plate heat exchanger.

[0085] Under the working conditions of this embodiment, the plate heat exchanger 2 in the refrigerant circuit absorbs the heat of the coolant in the battery and electric drive system circuits, and releases it to the external radiator circuit at the plate heat exchanger 1, and finally releases it to the environment through the radiator.

[0086] Embodiment 5

[0087] This embodiment is based on the technical solutions and technical principles in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and also includes the following technical features:

[0088] like Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment system proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant. When the passenger compartment is cooled, the battery is cooled, and the electric drive is cooled (operating condition three), the flow direction of the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit is as follows: Figure 4 As shown:

[0089] The refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit is compressor port 2 → four-way valve port 1 → four-way valve port 4 → plate heat exchanger port 1-1 → plate heat exchanger port 1-2 → expansion valve port 1 → expansion valve port 2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-1 → four-way valve port 2 → four-way valve port 3 → gas-liquid separator port 1 → gas-liquid separator port 2 → compressor port 1 → compressor port 2. At this time, the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 1 undergoes a condensation process, releasing heat into the cooling water; the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 2 undergoes an evaporation process, and the refrigerator absorbs heat from the cooling water.

[0090] At this time, the passenger compartment circuit is cooled, the battery, electric drive system circuit is cooled, and the radiator circuit outside the vehicle is cooled. The coolant in the passenger compartment circuit, battery, and electric drive system circuit takes out the heat of the passenger compartment, battery, and electric drive system, and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 2. After the cooling water is cooled, it flows to the passenger compartment, battery, and electric drive system circuit again. The flow path of this process is: plate heat exchanger 2-4 port → three-way valve 1-1 port, and then the cooling water flows out from the three-way valve 1-3 port and the three-way valve 1-2 port according to the proportion of the three-way valve 1. The three-way valve 1-3 port flows to the in-vehicle heat exchanger 1 of the passenger compartment circuit, and the three-way valve 1-2 port flows to the battery and electric drive system circuit. The flow path of the passenger compartment circuit is: three-way valve 1-3 port → electronic water pump 1-1 port → electronic water pump 1-2 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-1 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-2 port. The coolant flow path to the battery and electric drive system is: three-way valve port 1-2 → three-way valve port 3-1, and then the cooling water flows out from three-way valve port 3-3 and three-way valve port 3-2 according to the proportional distribution of three-way valve 3. The path to the battery circuit is: three-way valve port 3-3 → three-way valve port 4-2 → three-way valve port 4-3 → three-way valve port 9-2 → three-way valve port 9-3 → electronic water pump port 3-1 → electronic water pump port 3-2 → battery port 1 → battery port 2 → three-way valve port 10-3 → three-way valve port 10-2 → three-way valve port 12-1 → three-way valve port 12-3. The path to the electric drive system circuit is: three-way valve port 3-2 → three-way valve port 6-1 → three-way valve port 6-3 → three-way valve port 7-2 → three-way valve port 7-3 → electronic water pump port 4-1 → electronic water pump port 4-2 → electric drive system port 1 → electric drive system port 2 → three-way valve port 11-1 → three-way valve port 11-3. The passenger compartment circuit, battery circuit cooling water and electric drive system circuit cooling water merge and flow into the plate heat exchanger port 2-3.

[0091] The external radiator circuit needs to dissipate the heat released by the plate heat exchanger 1 to the environment, and the flow path of the cooling water in the circuit is: port 1-4 of the plate heat exchanger → port 2-1 of the three-way valve → port 2-2 of the three-way valve → port 5-1 of the three-way valve → port 5-2 of the three-way valve → port 8-1 of the three-way valve → port 8-2 of the three-way valve → port 13-1 of the three-way valve → port 13-2 of the three-way valve → port 1 of the external radiator → port 2 of the external radiator → port 1-3 of the plate heat exchanger.

[0092] Under the working conditions of this embodiment, the plate heat exchanger 2 in the refrigerant circuit absorbs the heat of the passenger compartment, battery, and electric drive system circuit coolant, and releases it to the external radiator circuit at the plate heat exchanger 1, and finally releases it to the environment through the radiator.

[0093] Embodiment 6

[0094] This embodiment is based on the technical solutions and technical principles in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and also includes the following technical features:

[0095] like Figure 5 As shown, the present embodiment system proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant. When the passenger compartment is cooled, the battery has no demand, and the electric drive has no demand (operating condition 4), the flow direction of the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit is as follows: Figure 5 As shown:

[0096] The refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit is compressor port 2 → four-way valve port 1 → four-way valve port 4 → plate heat exchanger port 1-1 → plate heat exchanger port 1-2 → expansion valve port 1 → expansion valve port 2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-1 → four-way valve port 2 → four-way valve port 3 → gas-liquid separator port 1 → gas-liquid separator port 2 → compressor port 1 → compressor port 2. At this time, the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 1 undergoes a condensation process, releasing heat into the cooling water; the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 2 undergoes an evaporation process, and the refrigerator absorbs heat from the cooling water.

[0097] At this time, the passenger compartment circuit is working, and the coolant in the passenger compartment circuit takes out the heat from the passenger compartment and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 2. After the cooling water is cooled, it flows to the passenger compartment circuit again. The flow path of this process is: plate heat exchanger 2-4 port → three-way valve 1-1 port → three-way valve 1-3 port → electronic water pump 1-1 port → electronic water pump 1-2 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-1 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-2 port → plate heat exchanger 2-3 port.

[0098] The external radiator circuit needs to dissipate the heat released by the plate heat exchanger 1 to the environment, and the flow path of the cooling water in the circuit is: port 1-4 of the plate heat exchanger → port 2-1 of the three-way valve → port 2-2 of the three-way valve → port 5-1 of the three-way valve → port 5-2 of the three-way valve → port 8-1 of the three-way valve → port 8-2 of the three-way valve → port 13-1 of the three-way valve → port 13-2 of the three-way valve → port 1 of the external radiator → port 2 of the external radiator → port 1-3 of the plate heat exchanger.

[0099] Under the working conditions of this embodiment, the plate heat exchanger 2 in the refrigerant circuit absorbs the heat of the coolant in the passenger compartment circuit and releases it to the external radiator circuit at the plate heat exchanger 1, and finally releases it to the environment through the radiator.

[0100] Embodiment 7

[0101] This embodiment is based on the technical solutions and technical principles in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and also includes the following technical features:

[0102] like Figure 6 As shown, the system of this embodiment proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant. When the outdoor temperature is low, when the passenger cabin is heated, the battery is heated, and there is no demand for electric drive (operating condition 5), the flow direction of the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit is as follows Figure 6 As shown:

[0103] The refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit is compressor port 2 → four-way valve port 1 → four-way valve port 2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-1 → plate heat exchanger port 2-2 → expansion valve port 2 → expansion valve port 1 → plate heat exchanger port 1-2 → plate heat exchanger port 1-1 → four-way valve port 4 → four-way valve port 3 → gas-liquid separator port 1 → gas-liquid separator port 2 → compressor port 1 → compressor port 2. At this time, the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 2 undergoes a condensation process, releasing heat into the cooling water; the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 1 undergoes an evaporation process, and the refrigerator absorbs heat from the cooling water.

[0104] At this time, the passenger compartment circuit is heated and the battery circuit is heated. The coolant in the passenger compartment circuit and the battery circuit brings heat to the passenger compartment and the battery, and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 2. After the coolant is heated, it flows to the passenger compartment and the battery circuit again. The flow path of this process is: plate heat exchanger 2-4 port → three-way valve 1-1 port, and then the cooling water flows out from the three-way valve 1-3 port and the three-way valve 1-2 port according to the proportional distribution of the three-way valve 1. The three-way valve 1-3 port flows to the in-vehicle heat exchanger 1 of the passenger compartment circuit, and the three-way valve 1-2 port flows to the battery circuit. The flow path of the passenger compartment circuit is: three-way valve 1-3 port → electronic water pump 1-1 port → electronic water pump 1-2 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-1 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-2 port. The flow path of the battery coolant is: three-way valve port 1-2 → three-way valve port 3-1 → three-way valve port 3-3 → three-way valve port 4-2 → three-way valve port 4-3 → three-way valve port 9-2 → three-way valve port 9-3 → electronic water pump port 3-1 → electronic water pump port 3-2 → battery port 1 → battery port 2 → three-way valve port 10-3 → three-way valve port 10-2 → three-way valve port 12-1 → three-way valve port 12-3. The passenger compartment circuit coolant and the battery circuit cooling will merge and then flow into the plate heat exchanger port 2-3.

[0105] The external radiator circuit needs to absorb the heat from the environment into the plate heat exchanger 1, and the flow path of the cooling water in the circuit is: port 1-4 of the plate heat exchanger → port 2-1 of the three-way valve → port 2-2 of the three-way valve → port 5-1 of the three-way valve → port 5-2 of the three-way valve → port 8-1 of the three-way valve → port 8-2 of the three-way valve → port 13-1 of the three-way valve → port 13-2 of the three-way valve → port 1 of the external radiator → port 2 of the external radiator → port 1-3 of the plate heat exchanger.

[0106] Under the working conditions of this embodiment, the heat pump working mode is realized to absorb the outdoor ambient temperature and bring it into the battery and the passenger compartment together with the heat provided by the compressor.

[0107] Embodiment 8

[0108] This embodiment is based on the technical solutions and technical principles in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and also includes the following technical features:

[0109] like Figure 7 As shown, the system of this embodiment proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant. When the passenger cabin is heated, the battery is cooled, and there is no demand for electric drive (battery waste heat utilization) (operating condition 6), at this time, the flow direction of the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit is as follows: Figure 7 As shown:

[0110] The refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit is compressor port 2 → four-way valve port 1 → four-way valve port 2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-1 → plate heat exchanger port 2-2 → expansion valve port 2 → expansion valve port 1 → plate heat exchanger port 1-2 → plate heat exchanger port 1-1 → four-way valve port 4 → four-way valve port 3 → gas-liquid separator port 1 → gas-liquid separator port 2 → compressor port 1 → compressor port 2. At this time, the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 2 undergoes a condensation process, releasing heat into the cooling water; the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 1 undergoes an evaporation process, and the refrigerator absorbs heat from the cooling water.

[0111] At this time, the passenger compartment circuit is heating and the battery circuit is cooling. The coolant in the battery circuit takes the heat to the radiator outside the vehicle to dissipate it, and partially or completely bypasses when flowing through the radiator, and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 1. After the coolant is cooled, it flows to the battery circuit again. The flow path of this process is: plate heat exchanger 1-4 port → three-way valve 2-1 port → three-way valve 2-2 port → three-way valve 5-1 port, and then according to the proportion of the flow directly flowing to the external radiator and the flow flowing to the battery circuit, the water flow path directly flowing to the external radiator is: three-way valve 5-2 → three-way valve 8-1 → three-way valve 8-2 → three-way valve 13-1, and the water flow path flowing to the battery water circuit to participate in the battery heat exchange is: three-way valve 5-3 → three-way valve 4-1 → three-way valve 4- 3→three-way valve 9-2→three-way valve 9-3→electronic water pump 3-1→electronic water pump 3-2→battery-1→battery-2→three-way valve 10-3→three-way valve 10-2→three-way valve 12-1→three-way valve 12-2→three-way valve 13-1. The two water flows meet at the three-way valve 13-1. The distribution ratio of the three-way valve 13 can be set as needed. The water flow from the three-way valve 13-3 bypasses the external radiator and flows to the plate heat exchanger 1-3. The water flow that needs to be dissipated by the external radiator flows out from the three-way valve 13-2, flows through the external radiator 1 and the external radiator 2 respectively, and flows to the plate heat exchanger 1-3 together with the bypassed water flow after heat dissipation.

[0112] The cooling water obtains heat from the plate heat exchanger 2 and flows into the in-vehicle heat exchanger 1 to realize the passenger compartment heating function. The flow path of the passenger compartment circuit is: plate heat exchanger 2-4 → three-way valve 1-3 port → electronic water pump 1-1 port → electronic water pump 1-2 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-1 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-2 port. This flow mode can recover the waste heat dissipated by the battery into the refrigerant circuit through the plate heat exchanger 1, and condense the released heat in the plate heat exchanger 2 for heating in the passenger compartment, reducing the dependence on environmental heat sources and improving the energy utilization of the system. When the heat dissipation of the battery is less than the heat required by the passenger compartment, all the water flows through the two ports at the three-way valve 13 to the external radiator to absorb heat from the environment; when the heat dissipation of the battery is greater than the heat required by the passenger compartment, the distribution ratio of the water flow at the three-way valve 13 can be allocated according to demand, with part of the water flow directly bypassing the external radiator through the three-way valve 13-3 and flowing back to the plate heat exchanger 1, and part of the water flow passes through the three-way valve 13-2 through the external radiator for heat dissipation and then flows back to the plate heat exchanger 1.

[0113] Embodiment 9:

[0114] This embodiment is based on the technical solutions and technical principles in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and also includes the following technical features:

[0115] like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment system proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant, when heating the passenger compartment, cooling the battery, and cooling the electric drive (using the waste heat of the battery and electric drive system) (operating condition seven). At this time, the flow direction of the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit is as follows Figure 8 As shown:

[0116] The refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit is compressor port 2 → four-way valve port 1 → four-way valve port 2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-1 → plate heat exchanger port 2-2 → expansion valve port 2 → expansion valve port 1 → plate heat exchanger port 1-2 → plate heat exchanger port 1-1 → four-way valve port 4 → four-way valve port 3 → gas-liquid separator port 1 → gas-liquid separator port 2 → compressor port 1 → compressor port 2. At this time, the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 2 undergoes a condensation process, releasing heat into the cooling water; the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 1 undergoes an evaporation process, and the refrigerator absorbs heat from the cooling water.

[0117] At this time, the passenger compartment circuit is heating, the battery circuit is cooling, and the electric drive system circuit is cooling. The coolant in the battery and electric drive system circuits takes the heat to the radiator outside the vehicle to dissipate it, and some or all of it bypasses when flowing through the radiator, and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 1. After the coolant is cooled, it flows to the battery and electric drive system circuits again. The flow path of this process is: plate heat exchanger 1-4 port → three-way valve 2-1 port → three-way valve 2-2 port → three-way valve 5-1 port → three-way valve 5-2 → three-way valve 8-1. At three-way valves 5 and 8, a certain proportion of water flow is allocated from three-way valves 5-3 and 8-3 to the battery and electric drive system circuits according to working conditions. The water flow path that flows directly to the radiator outside the vehicle is: three-way valve 8-2 → three-way valve 13-1, and flows to the battery circuit to participate in The water flow path for battery heat exchange is: three-way valve 5-3→three-way valve 4-1→three-way valve 4-3→three-way valve 9-2→three-way valve 9-3→electronic water pump 3-1→electronic water pump 3-2→battery-1→battery-2→three-way valve 10-3→three-way valve 10-2→three-way valve 12-1→three-way valve 12-2→three-way valve 13-1. The water flow path flowing to the electric drive system circuit to participate in the heat exchange of the electric drive system is: three-way valve 8-3→three-way valve 7-1→three-way valve 7-3→electronic water pump 4-1→electronic water pump 4-2→electric drive system-1→electric drive system-2→three-way valve 11-3→three-way valve 11-2→three-way valve 13-1. The three streams of water converge at the three-way valve 13-1. The distribution ratio of the three-way valve 13 can be set as needed. The water flow from the three-way valve 13-3 bypasses the external radiator and flows to the plate heat exchanger 1-3. The water flow that needs to be dissipated by the external radiator flows out from the three-way valve 13-2, flows through the external radiator 1 and the external radiator 2 respectively, and after the heat is dissipated, it flows to the plate heat exchanger 1-3 together with the bypassed water flow.

[0118] The cooling water obtains heat from the plate heat exchanger 2 and flows into the in-vehicle heat exchanger 1 to realize the passenger compartment heating function. The flow path of the passenger compartment circuit is: plate heat exchanger 2-4 → three-way valve 1-3 port → electronic water pump 1-1 port → electronic water pump 1-2 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-1 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-2 port. The flow path of the coolant flowing to the battery is: three-way valve 1-2 port → three-way valve 3-1 port → three-way valve 3-3 port → three-way valve 4-2 port → three-way valve 4-3 port → three-way valve 9-2 port → three-way valve 9-3 port → electronic water pump 3-1 port → electronic water pump 3-2 port → battery 1 port → battery 2 port → three-way valve 10-3 port → three-way valve 10-2 port → three-way valve 12-1 port → three-way valve 12-3 port → plate heat exchanger 2-3 port. This flow mode can recover the waste heat dissipated by the battery and electric drive system into the refrigerant circuit through the plate heat exchanger 1, and condense the released heat in the plate heat exchanger 2 for heating in the passenger compartment, reducing the dependence on environmental heat sources and improving the energy utilization rate of the system. When the heat dissipation of the battery and electric drive system is less than the heat required by the passenger compartment, the water flow at the three-way valve 13 flows to the radiator outside the vehicle through the two ports to absorb heat from the environment; when the heat dissipation of the battery and electric drive system is greater than the heat required by the passenger compartment, the distribution ratio of the water flow at the three-way valve 13 can be allocated according to demand, part of it directly bypasses the external radiator through the three-way valve 13-3 and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 1, and part of it flows through the three-way valve 13-2 through the external radiator for heat dissipation and then flows back to the plate heat exchanger 1.

[0119] Embodiment 10

[0120] This embodiment is based on the technical solutions and technical principles in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and also includes the following technical features:

[0121] like Fig. 9 As shown, this embodiment system proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant, when the passenger compartment is heated, the battery is heated, and the electric drive is cooled (the waste heat of the electric drive system is utilized) (operating condition eight). At this time, the flow direction of the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit is as follows Fig. 9 As shown:

[0122] The refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit is compressor port 2 → four-way valve port 1 → four-way valve port 2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-1 → plate heat exchanger port 2-2 → expansion valve port 2 → expansion valve port 1 → plate heat exchanger port 1-2 → plate heat exchanger port 1-1 → four-way valve port 4 → four-way valve port 3 → gas-liquid separator port 1 → gas-liquid separator port 2 → compressor port 1 → compressor port 2. At this time, the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 2 undergoes a condensation process, releasing heat into the cooling water; the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 1 undergoes an evaporation process, and the refrigerator absorbs heat from the cooling water.

[0123] At this time, the passenger compartment circuit is heated, the battery circuit is heated, and the electric drive system circuit is cooled. The coolant in the electric drive system circuit takes the heat to the radiator outside the vehicle to dissipate it, or partially or completely bypasses the radiator when flowing through it and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 1. After the coolant is cooled, it flows to the electric drive system circuit again. The flow path of this process is: plate heat exchanger 1-4 port → three-way valve 2-1 port → three-way valve 2-2 port → three-way valve 5-1 port → three-way valve 5-2 → three-way valve 8-1. At three-way valve 8, a certain proportion of water is allocated according to the working conditions to flow to the vehicle at three-way valve 8-3. The water flow path of the external radiator or electric drive system loop directly flowing to the external radiator is: three-way valve 8-2→three-way valve 13-1, and the water flow path flowing to the electric drive system loop to participate in the heat exchange of the electric drive system is: three-way valve 8-3→three-way valve 7-1→three-way valve 7-3→electronic water pump 4-1→electronic water pump 4-2→electric drive system-1→electric drive system-2→three-way valve 11-3→three-way valve 11-2→three-way valve 13-1. The two streams of water converge at the three-way valve 13-1. The distribution ratio of the three-way valve 13 can be set as needed. The water flow from the three-way valve 13-3 bypasses the external radiator and flows to the plate heat exchanger 1-3. The water flow that needs to be dissipated by the external radiator flows out from the three-way valve 13-2, flows through the external radiator 1 and the external radiator 2 respectively, and after the heat is dissipated, it flows to the plate heat exchanger 1-3 together with the bypassed water flow.

[0124] The cooling water obtains heat from the plate heat exchanger 2 and flows into the in-vehicle heat exchanger 1 and the battery circuit to realize the passenger compartment heating and battery heating functions. The flow path of the passenger compartment circuit is: plate heat exchanger 2-4 → three-way valve 1-3 port → electronic water pump 1-1 port → electronic water pump 1-2 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-1 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-2 port. A certain amount of water is distributed at the three-way valve 1 to flow to the battery circuit. The flow path of the battery coolant is: three-way valve 1-2 port → three-way valve 3-1 port → three-way valve 3-3 port → three-way valve 4-2 port → three-way valve 4-3 port → three-way valve 9-2 port → three-way valve 9-3 port → electronic water pump 3-1 port → electronic water pump 3-2 port → battery 1 port → battery 2 port → three-way valve 10-3 port → three-way valve 10-2 port → three-way valve 12-1 port → three-way valve 12-3 port. After being heated, the battery circuit and the passenger compartment circuit flow into the plate heat exchanger 2-3 to obtain heat again. With this flow mode, the waste heat dissipated by the electric drive system can be recovered into the refrigerant circuit through the plate heat exchanger 1, and the heat is condensed and released in the plate heat exchanger 2 for heating the passenger compartment and the battery, reducing the dependence on environmental heat sources and improving the energy utilization of the system. When the heat dissipation of the electric drive system is less than the heat required by the passenger compartment and the battery, all the water flows through the 2 ports at the three-way valve 13 to the external radiator to absorb heat from the environment; when the heat dissipation of the electric drive system is greater than the heat required by the passenger compartment and the battery, the distribution ratio of the water flow at the three-way valve 13 can be allocated according to demand, part of it directly bypasses the external radiator through the three-way valve 13-3 and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 1, and part of it flows through the external radiator through the three-way valve 13-2 to dissipate heat and then flows back to the plate heat exchanger 1.

[0125] Embodiment 11

[0126] This embodiment is based on the technical solutions and technical principles in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and also includes the following technical features:

[0127] like Fig.10 As shown, the present embodiment system proposes an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant. When the passenger compartment is heated, the battery is heated, the electric drive is cooled, and the passenger compartment is dehumidified (operating condition nine), at this time, the flow direction of the refrigerant circuit and the water circuit is as follows: Fig.10 As shown:

[0128] The refrigerant flow direction in the refrigerant circuit is compressor port 2 → four-way valve port 1 → four-way valve port 2 → plate heat exchanger port 2-1 → plate heat exchanger port 2-2 → expansion valve port 2 → expansion valve port 1 → plate heat exchanger port 1-2 → plate heat exchanger port 1-1 → four-way valve port 4 → four-way valve port 3 → gas-liquid separator port 1 → gas-liquid separator port 2 → compressor port 1 → compressor port 2. At this time, the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 2 undergoes a condensation process, releasing heat into the cooling water; the refrigerant in plate heat exchanger 1 undergoes an evaporation process, and the refrigerator absorbs heat from the cooling water.

[0129] At this time, the coolant in the electric drive system circuit takes the heat to the radiator outside the vehicle to dissipate it, or partially or completely bypasses when flowing through the radiator and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 1. After the coolant is cooled, it flows again to the electric drive system circuit and the in-vehicle heat exchanger 2 in the passenger compartment circuit. The water flow of the electric drive circuit and the passenger compartment circuit is distributed at a certain proportion at the three-way valve 2. The flow path to the electric drive system process is: plate heat exchanger 1-4 port → three-way valve 2-1 port → three-way valve 2-2 port → three-way valve 5-1 port → three-way valve 5-2 → three-way valve 8-1. At the three-way valve 8, a certain proportion of water flow is distributed according to the working conditions to flow to the three-way valve 8-3 to the outside of the vehicle for heat dissipation. The water flow path directly flowing to the external radiator is: three-way valve 8-2→three-way valve 13-1; the water flow path flowing to the electric drive system circuit to participate in the heat exchange of the electric drive system is: three-way valve 8-3→three-way valve 7-1→three-way valve 7-3→electronic water pump 4-1→electronic water pump 4-2→electric drive system-1→electric drive system-2→three-way valve 11-3→three-way valve 11-2→three-way valve 13-1; the water flow path flowing to the in-vehicle heat exchanger 2 is: three-way valve 2-3→electronic water pump 2-1→electronic water pump 2-2→in-vehicle heat exchanger 2-1→in-vehicle heat exchanger 2-2. The three streams of water converge at the three-way valve 13-1. The distribution ratio of the three-way valve 13 can be set as needed. The water flow from the three-way valve 13-3 bypasses the external radiator and flows to the plate heat exchanger 1-3. The water flow that needs to be dissipated by the external radiator flows out from the three-way valve 13-2, flows through the external radiator 1 and the external radiator 2 respectively, and after the heat is dissipated, it flows to the plate heat exchanger 1-3 together with the bypassed water flow.

[0130] The cooling water obtains heat from the plate heat exchanger 2 and flows into the in-vehicle heat exchanger 1 and the battery circuit to realize the passenger compartment heating and battery heating functions. The flow path of the passenger compartment circuit is: plate heat exchanger 2-4 → three-way valve 1-3 port → electronic water pump 1-1 port → electronic water pump 1-2 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-1 port → in-vehicle heat exchanger 1-2 port. A certain amount of water is distributed at the three-way valve 1 to flow to the battery circuit. The flow path of the battery coolant is: three-way valve 1-2 port → three-way valve 3-1 port → three-way valve 3-3 port → three-way valve 4-2 port → three-way valve 4-3 port → three-way valve 9-2 port → three-way valve 9-3 port → electronic water pump 3-1 port → electronic water pump 3-2 port → battery 1 port → battery 2 port → three-way valve 10-3 port → three-way valve 10-2 port → three-way valve 12-1 port → three-way valve 12-3 port. After being heated, the battery circuit and the passenger compartment circuit flow into port 2-3 of the plate heat exchanger to obtain heat again.

[0131] Under the working conditions of this example, the waste heat dissipated by the electric drive system can be recovered into the refrigerant circuit through the plate heat exchanger 1, and the heat is condensed in the plate heat exchanger 2 to release heat for heating the passenger compartment and the battery, and the cold water flowing out of the plate heat exchanger 1 is introduced into the in-vehicle heat exchanger 2, and the humid air in the vehicle flows through the in-vehicle heat exchanger 2, and the water vapor condenses and reheats after flowing through the in-vehicle heat exchanger 1, thereby realizing the dehumidification function. When the heat dissipation of the electric drive system is less than the heat required by the passenger compartment and the battery, the water flow at the three-way valve 13 flows to the radiator outside the vehicle through the two ports to absorb heat from the environment; when the heat dissipation of the electric drive system is greater than the heat required by the passenger compartment and the battery, the distribution ratio of the water flow at the three-way valve 13 can be allocated according to the demand, part of it directly bypasses the external radiator through the three-way valve 13-3 and flows back to the plate heat exchanger 1, and part of it flows through the external radiator through the three-way valve 13-2 to dissipate heat and then flows back to the plate heat exchanger 1.

[0132] Embodiment 12

[0133] This embodiment is based on the technical solutions and technical principles in Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, and also includes the following technical features:

[0134] like Fig.11 As shown, this embodiment proposes a control method for an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant, comprising the following steps:

[0135] S1. Real-time collection of cabin temperature and humidity, battery temperature, electric drive system temperature, and ambient temperature;

[0136] S2. Determine the temperature requirements of each circuit operating condition;

[0137] S3. After determining the temperature requirements of each circuit working condition, the required circuit temperature is controlled by controlling the four-way valve, the three-way valve, and the electronic water pump;

[0138] S4: Real-time judgment of whether the temperature and humidity of the passenger cabin, the temperature of the battery and the electric drive system circuit meet the requirements;

[0139] S5. If the requirements are not met, return to step S2 to perform working condition judgment again to determine the current working mode of the system; if the requirements are met, end the system operation.

[0140] Of course, the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the structure, characteristics and principles described in the patent application scope of the present invention should be included in the patent application scope of the present invention.

[0141] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are only specific implementations of the present invention, which are used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above-described embodiments, ordinary technicians in the field should understand that any technician familiar with the technical field can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the above-described embodiments within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, or can easily think of changes, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein; and these modifications, changes or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant, characterized in that: It includes a refrigerant circuit, a passenger compartment circuit, a battery circuit, an electric drive system circuit, and a radiator circuit; the above circuits are connected by a number of pipes; and at least one electronic water pump is provided on the pipes between the two circuits; Coolant flows in the pipeline, and the electronic water pump is used to provide power for the coolant to flow; The pipeline is also provided with a number of three-way valves, through the combination and switching of the three-way valves, the flow direction of the coolant can be adjusted and distributed; The refrigerant circuit is used to perform cooling and heating cycles to achieve heat transfer to meet the cooling or heating requirements of each circuit under different working conditions; The passenger compartment circuit is used to control the temperature and humidity in the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle; The battery circuit is used to supply power to the electric vehicle, various circuits and the electronic water pump; The electric drive system circuit is used to drive the electric vehicle to operate; The radiator circuit is used to dissipate the heat generated in each circuit to the environment or absorb heat from the environment.

2. According to claim 1, an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant is characterized in that: The refrigerant circuit includes an electric compressor, a four-way valve, two plate heat exchangers, an expansion valve, and a gas-liquid separator; The output end of the electric compressor is connected to the through hole on one side of the four-way valve through a pipeline; and the two through holes on the other side of the four-way valve are respectively connected to the two plate heat exchangers through pipelines; the two plate heat exchangers are connected through a pipeline, and an expansion valve is provided on the pipeline between the two plate heat exchangers; the last through hole on the side of the four-way valve away from the electric compressor is connected to the gas-liquid separator through a pipeline, and the gas-liquid separator is connected to the input end of the electric compressor through a pipeline.

3. The indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electric compressor can drive the refrigerant to flow and compress the refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas; the four-way valve can control the flow direction of the refrigerant; one of the plate heat exchangers can condense the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant gas to release heat and convert the refrigerant into a liquid or a gas-liquid mixture, and the other plate heat exchanger absorbs heat through the evaporation of the liquid or gas-liquid mixture refrigerant; the expansion valve can convert the refrigerant in the form of a liquid or a gas-liquid mixture into a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid or a gas-liquid mixture; the gas-liquid separator can retain the inflowing liquid refrigerant to prevent the liquid refrigerant from entering the electric compressor and causing liquid hammer to damage the compressor.

4. The indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refrigerant circuit can switch the refrigerant flow path through a four-way valve; and the expansion valve has a two-way expansion function.

5. The indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refrigerant circulates only in the refrigerant circuit and does not directly participate in the thermal management of the other circuits. The thermal management of each circuit is indirectly achieved by exchanging heat with the coolant in the plate heat exchanger.

6. The indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refrigerant circuit can switch the evaporation and condensation processes on the two plate heat exchangers through the switching of the four-way valve to meet the cooling or heating requirements of each circuit under different working conditions.

7. The indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The passenger compartment circuit includes two in-vehicle heat exchangers, a fan, and an air conditioning box including an air duct; A fan is arranged on one side of the air-conditioning box. Two in-vehicle heat exchangers are arranged in the air-conditioning box, and the two in-vehicle heat exchangers are respectively located on two sections of pipelines.

8. The indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery circuit includes at least one group of batteries.

9. The indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant according to claim 2, characterized in that: The radiator circuit includes an external radiator; the external radiator is connected to the output end of one of the plate heat exchangers through a pipeline, and the external radiator can dissipate the heat released by the plate heat exchanger to the environment.

10. A control method for an indirect integrated thermal management system based on R290 refrigerant applicable to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Real-time collection of cabin temperature and humidity, battery temperature, electric drive system temperature, and ambient temperature; S2. Determine the temperature requirements of each circuit operating condition; S3. After determining the temperature requirements of each circuit working condition, the required circuit temperature is controlled by controlling the four-way valve, the three-way valve, and the electronic water pump; S4: Real-time judgment of whether the temperature and humidity of the passenger cabin, the temperature of the battery and the electric drive system circuit meet the requirements; S5. If the requirements are not met, return to step S2 to perform working condition judgment again to determine the current working mode of the system; if the requirements are met, end the system operation.

Images