Urban green land carbon sink intelligent monitoring and evaluating system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent monitoring and evaluation system and method for urban green land carbon sequestration, and relates to the technical field of carbon sequestration evaluation, and the monitoring and evaluation method comprises the following steps: constructing a carbon sequestration evaluation system to evaluate each carbon sequestration monitoring record; capturing green land planting types in the area monitored by each carbon sequestration monitoring record to obtain the carbon sequestration capacity of each planting type; extracting influence factors influencing the comprehensive carbon sequestration capability of the region; analyzing the carbon sequestration capability difference in different time periods to obtain the influence degree of each influence factor; obtaining a theoretical carbon sink condition of each region, and generating a plurality of abnormal regions; based on the influence degree of each influence factor, carrying out green land adjustment reminding on any abnormal region, and giving an adjustment suggestion; by effectively analyzing the carbon sequestration capacity of each planting type, the carbon sequestration condition of each region of the city is accurately analyzed, and workers are helped to reasonably plan the green land of the city.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon sink assessment, and in particular to an intelligent monitoring and assessment system and method for carbon sinks in urban green spaces. Background Art

[0002] Carbon sink refers to the process, activity or mechanism of reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere by absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through measures such as afforestation and vegetation restoration; urban green space carbon sink refers to the ability of urban green space to absorb carbon dioxide and store carbon through plant photosynthesis; this process is of great significance for mitigating climate change, improving the urban environment and enhancing ecological quality; field measurement method is the most common means of monitoring the carbon sink capacity of green plants. The representative sample plots in the survey area are determined through sample plot surveys, and the types of green plants are recorded. Then, the biomass is measured by sampling, dry weight determination and other methods, and the biomass is converted into carbon sink according to different types of green plants to estimate the carbon sink capacity of green plants; For urban green spaces, this method can provide detailed carbon sequestration capacity data, but the focus is often on the absolute value of the carbon sequestration capacity data. The carbon sequestration potential of regional green plant combinations is insufficiently explored, and the absolute value of the carbon sequestration capacity data usually cannot reflect the upper limit of the carbon sequestration capacity of regional green plant combinations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a method that can intelligently monitor and evaluate the carbon sequestration capacity of urban green spaces, especially its theoretical upper limit, so as to make more efficient green space adjustments based on the carbon sequestration potential of regional green plant combinations. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent monitoring and evaluation system and method for urban green space carbon sinks to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an intelligent monitoring and evaluation method for urban green space carbon sinks, the monitoring and evaluation method comprising the following steps: Step S100: installing a number of monitoring devices in a city to regularly monitor the carbon sink conditions in various regions, and obtaining a number of carbon sink monitoring records in various regions; constructing a carbon sink assessment system to assess the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each carbon sink monitoring record; Step S200: capturing the green space planting types existing in the area monitored by each carbon sink monitoring record, and analyzing the carbon sink capacity of each planting type based on the carbon sink capacity difference and green space planting type difference between any two areas; Step S300: randomly selecting the carbon sequestration conditions of a region in different time periods, extracting the influencing factors affecting the comprehensive carbon sequestration capacity of the region based on the changes in environmental conditions in the region; and obtaining the influence degree of each influencing factor on the carbon sequestration capacity of each planting type by analyzing the differences in carbon sequestration capacity between different time periods; Step S400: According to the green space planting conditions in each area, the theoretical carbon sink conditions of each area are obtained, and based on the difference between the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each area and the theoretical carbon sink conditions, several abnormal areas are generated; the carbon sink capacity of each planting type in any abnormal area is obtained, and based on the influence degree of each influencing factor, any abnormal area is reminded to adjust the green space and adjustment suggestions are given.

[0005] Furthermore, step S100 includes the following steps: Step S101: Acquire the monitoring range that each monitoring device can monitor, take any monitoring range as the regional range of a region, and generate several regions of a city; extract the regional data of the corresponding region in a unit period from each monitoring device every unit period, and shoot the corresponding region to obtain a regional image, and generate a carbon sink monitoring record of the corresponding region; the regional data contains various data for evaluating the regional carbon sink capacity and the environmental data of the region, and the environmental data is used for subsequent analysis of the impact on the carbon sink capacity to ensure that the assessment of the carbon sink capacity can be more accurate, and shooting the regional image can help identify the types of green space planting in the region; Step S102: Set corresponding evaluation rules for each monitoring dimension, evaluate the regional data recorded in any carbon sink monitoring record according to the evaluation rules, obtain the characteristic values ​​of each monitoring dimension in the carbon sink monitoring record, and add up the characteristic values ​​evaluated for each monitoring dimension to obtain the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of the carbon sink monitoring record.

[0006] Further, step S200 includes the following steps: Step S201: arbitrarily selecting a carbon sink monitoring record, determining the area monitored by the carbon sink monitoring record; obtaining a regional image stored in the carbon sink monitoring record, performing feature extraction on the regional image, and obtaining a feature set of the regional image; Step S202: Preset corresponding image data sets for different green space planting types, select any feature from the feature set, and compare the feature with any image data set for similarity. If the obtained similarity exceeds a set similarity threshold, the green space planting type corresponding to the image data set is used as a type of characteristic green space in the area, and a characteristic green space set of the area is obtained. Step S203: arbitrarily select a carbon sink monitoring record from each of the two regions, obtain the characteristic green space sets of the two carbon sink monitoring records, compare the characteristic green spaces in the two characteristic green space sets with each other, and obtain the difference green space set; arbitrarily select the dth type of difference green space from the difference green space set, and set the carbon sink capacity of the dth type of difference green space as TC d, determine the record to which the d-th type of differential green space belongs as k(d), where k(d)=i or k(d)=j; determining the records to which each type of differential green space belongs is actually determining the region where the differential green space is located, so that the subsequent analysis of the carbon sequestration capacity difference between the two regions can directly extract the cause of the difference, and better determine the carbon sequestration capacity caused by the differential green space; Step S204: Set the two selected carbon sink monitoring records to be the i-th carbon sink monitoring record and the j-th carbon sink monitoring record, and obtain the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of the i-th carbon sink monitoring record as TCSC i The comprehensive carbon sink capacity of the jth carbon sink monitoring record is TCSC j ; According to the formula: ; Wherein, r is the number of different green space planting types in the difference green space set, IF() is the judgment function, if k(d)=i, then IF[k(d)=i]=1, if k(d)=j, then IF[k(d)=i]=-1; the formula is calculated for any two carbon sink monitoring records in any different regions to determine the carbon sink capacity of any type of characteristic green space; Although the comprehensive carbon sink capacity will be affected by various other factors, the various planting types will also be affected. Therefore, the carbon sink capacity of each planting type includes the influence of various factors, and the impact of factors will be further analyzed later; and the carbon sink capacity difference between the two carbon sink monitoring records is directly reflected by the difference in carbon sink capacity of various types of green spaces. The formula is a reflection of the different carbon sink capacities provided by various types of green spaces to their respective regions, which leads to differences in carbon sink capacity.

[0007] Further, step S300 includes the following steps: Step S301: randomly selecting two carbon sink monitoring records from any region, respectively obtaining regional data of the two carbon sink monitoring records, extracting the remaining data that has not been evaluated for carbon sink capacity from the regional data; extracting a number of environmental features from the remaining data, respectively obtaining environmental feature sets of the two carbon sink monitoring records; performing a difference comparison on the two environmental feature sets, and obtaining a number of influencing factors; Step S302: arbitrarily select the p-th characteristic green land, and obtain the carbon sink capacity difference of the p-th characteristic green land in the two selected carbon sink monitoring records as ΔTC p ; According to the formula: ; Where p is a positive integer and p∈(1,w), w is the number of characteristic green space types, ΔTCSC is the difference in comprehensive carbon sink capacity between the two selected carbon sink monitoring records; the comprehensive impact degree Y of all influencing factors on the p-th characteristic green space is calculated p; The degree of influence of each influencing factor on each planting type is reflected by the change in the capacity of the remaining green space. The difference in the comprehensive carbon sink capacity between the two carbon sink monitoring records is certain. Therefore, the greater the change in the capacity of a type of characteristic green space, the greater the impact of the influencing factor on the characteristic green space. Step S303: Setting the influence degree of the qth influencing factor among the plurality of influencing factors to z q , according to the formula: ; Among them, z ’ is a constant, u is the number of influencing factors; any two carbon sink monitoring records in the region are substituted into the formula based on the carbon sink capacity difference to determine the influence degree of any influencing factor in the region z q ; Constant z ’ It can also take into account the influence of other factors that have not been taken into account, and help make the analysis results of the impact degree more accurate.

[0008] Furthermore, step S400 includes the following steps: Step S401: arbitrarily obtain all characteristic green spaces in a region, where the carbon sink capacity of the p1th characteristic green space is set as TC p1 ; Obtain the influence degree of each influencing factor in the area on the p1th characteristic green space, according to the formula: ; Where v1 is the number of characteristic green space types in the area, p2 is a positive integer and p2∈(1,v2), v2 is the number of influencing factors in the area, and z p2 is the influence degree of the p2th influencing factor; the theoretical carbon sink capacity TCSC of the region is calculated ’ ; By evaluating the region, the comprehensive carbon sink capacity TCSC of the region is obtained, and a deviation ratio threshold δ is set. If |TCSC-TCSC ’ | / TCSC ’ >δ, the region is set as an abnormal region, otherwise, the region is set as a normal region; In addition to the carbon sequestration capacity of the green space type itself and the influence of environmental factors, the green space’s own buildings, such as street lights in park green spaces, and maintenance work, such as lawn mowing using gasoline energy, may produce carbon emissions. At the same time, the quality of maintenance may affect the carbon sequestration capacity of the green space. Therefore, the influence of these factors needs to be taken into account. If these factors have a greater impact on the carbon sequestration capacity of the green space, it means that the planting in the area is unreasonable and needs to be adjusted. Step S402: randomly select an abnormal area and obtain the carbon sink capacity TC of any characteristic green space in the abnormal area yc, sort all characteristic green spaces according to their values ​​from small to large, and obtain the green space adjustment order of the abnormal area; Step S403: arbitrarily select a normal area, obtain environmental feature sets of two areas respectively, perform similarity comparison on the two environmental feature sets, set a similarity threshold, if there is a normal area with a similarity greater than the similarity threshold between the normal area and the abnormal area, then select a normal area with the greatest similarity to the abnormal area and set it as a reference area for the abnormal area, sort the characteristic green spaces of the reference area from large to small according to the carbon sequestration capacity, and extract a type of characteristic green space in sequence to compare with any characteristic green space in the abnormal area, if there is no type of characteristic green space in the abnormal area, and the carbon sequestration capacity of the extracted characteristic green space is greater than the carbon sequestration capacity of the type of characteristic green space with the smallest value in the abnormal area, then mark the extracted characteristic green space as the target green space, and remind the abnormal area to adjust the green space; Step S404: Obtain a set of influencing factors between the reference area and the abnormal area, select an influencing factor at random from the set of influencing factors, and set the degree of influence of the influencing factor on the target green space in the reference area as z. t , setting the carbon sequestration capacity of the target green space in the reference area as TC ex , according to the formula: ; Among them, e1 and e2 are positive integers, and e1∈(1,g), e2∈(1,g), g is the number of influencing factors in the influencing factor set, (z t ) e1 is the influence degree of the e1th influencing factor in the reference area, (z t ) e2 is the influence degree of the e2th influencing factor in the abnormal area, (TC yc ) min is the carbon sink capacity with the minimum value in the abnormal area; the estimated carbon sink capacity increase ΔTC after the green space adjustment in the abnormal area is calculated add , and the expected increase in carbon sink capacity ΔTC add Send to management; Select an area with the closest environment. Analyzing the differences between the two areas can most directly reflect the reasons for the abnormality in the area. The green land with the best carbon sequestration capacity in the normal area will be adopted, and the green land with the worst carbon sequestration capacity in the abnormal area will be removed. This will most directly and quickly improve the carbon sequestration capacity of the abnormal area. Excluding the influencing factors of the target green land in the normal area and adding the influencing factors in the abnormal area will obtain a more accurate carbon sequestration capacity prediction value, helping staff to analyze the rationality of the adjustment suggestions in advance. Step S405: If all types of characteristic green spaces exist in the abnormal area, a green space expansion reminder is given to the abnormal area; or if there is no similarity between the normal area and the abnormal area greater than a similarity threshold, a green space expansion reminder is given to the abnormal area.

[0009] In order to better implement the above method, an intelligent monitoring and evaluation system for urban green space carbon sink is also proposed. The monitoring and evaluation system includes a monitoring record analysis module, a green space carbon sink evaluation module, an influencing factor analysis module and a regional abnormality adjustment module; The monitoring record analysis module is used to install several monitoring devices in a city to regularly monitor the carbon sink conditions in various regions, obtain several carbon sink monitoring records in each region; and build a carbon sink evaluation system to evaluate the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each carbon sink monitoring record; Green space carbon sink assessment module, used to capture the green space planting types in the area monitored by each carbon sink monitoring record, and analyze the carbon sink capacity of each planting type based on the carbon sink capacity difference and green space planting type difference between any two areas; The influencing factor analysis module is used to arbitrarily select the carbon sequestration situation of a region in different time periods, and extract the influencing factors that affect the comprehensive carbon sequestration capacity of the region based on the changes in environmental conditions in the region; by analyzing the differences in carbon sequestration capacity between different time periods, the influence degree of each influencing factor on the carbon sequestration capacity of each planting type is obtained; The regional abnormality adjustment module is used to obtain the theoretical carbon sink situation of each area according to the green space planting situation in each area, and generate several abnormal areas based on the difference between the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each area and the theoretical carbon sink situation; obtain the carbon sink capacity of each planting type in any abnormal area, and based on the influence degree of each influencing factor, issue green space adjustment reminders to any abnormal area and give adjustment suggestions.

[0010] Further, the monitoring record analysis module includes a monitoring record generation unit and a regional carbon sink comprehensive assessment unit; The monitoring record generation unit is used to install several monitoring devices in a city to regularly monitor the carbon sink conditions in various regions and obtain several carbon sink monitoring records in each region; the regional carbon sink comprehensive assessment unit is used to build a carbon sink assessment system to assess the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each carbon sink monitoring record.

[0011] Furthermore, the green space carbon sink assessment module includes a green space planting species acquisition unit and a green space carbon sink assessment unit; The green space planting type acquisition unit is used to capture the green space planting types existing in the area monitored by each carbon sink monitoring record; the green space carbon sink assessment unit is used to analyze the carbon sink capacity of each planting type based on the differences in carbon sink capacity and green space planting types between any two areas.

[0012] Further, the influencing factor analysis module includes an influencing factor extraction unit and an influencing degree calculation unit; The influencing factor extraction unit is used to arbitrarily select the carbon sequestration conditions of a region in different time periods, and extract the influencing factors that affect the comprehensive carbon sequestration capacity of the region based on the changes in environmental conditions in the region; the impact degree calculation unit is used to obtain the impact degree of each influencing factor on the carbon sequestration capacity of each planting type by analyzing the differences in carbon sequestration capacity between different time periods.

[0013] Further, the region abnormality adjustment module includes an abnormal region division unit and a green space adjustment suggestion unit; The abnormal area division unit is used to obtain the theoretical carbon sink situation of each area according to the green space planting situation in each area, and generate several abnormal areas based on the difference between the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each area and the theoretical carbon sink situation; the green space adjustment suggestion unit is used to obtain the carbon sink capacity of each planting type in any abnormal area, and based on the influence degree of each influencing factor, remind the said any abnormal area to adjust the green space and give adjustment suggestions.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can effectively analyze the carbon sequestration capacity of various types of plants, help accurately analyze the carbon sequestration situation in various areas of the city, help staff have a clear understanding of the carbon sequestration situation in the city, and help staff to reasonably plan the green space in the city; 2. The present invention helps staff understand the carbon sequestration capacity of various planting types in different regions by analyzing the differences in carbon sequestration capacity between different regions, which is conducive to staff having an accurate understanding of the rationality of green space planting in each region and reducing the occurrence of low carbon sequestration capacity in each region; 3. The present invention identifies areas where carbon emissions and carbon sinks are unbalanced and helps staff provide reasonable adjustment suggestions, which can improve the overall carbon sink capacity of the city, avoid the decline in environmental quality in some areas, and promote the comprehensive development of the entire city. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the steps of an intelligent monitoring and assessment method for urban green space carbon sinks; Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of an intelligent monitoring and evaluation system for urban green space carbon sinks. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Example: Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent monitoring and evaluation method for urban green space carbon sinks, and the monitoring and evaluation method comprises the following steps: Step S100: installing a number of monitoring devices in a city to regularly monitor the carbon sink conditions in various regions, and obtaining a number of carbon sink monitoring records in various regions; constructing a carbon sink assessment system to assess the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each carbon sink monitoring record; Wherein, step S100 includes the following steps: Step S101: Acquire the monitoring range that each monitoring device can monitor, take any monitoring range as the regional range of a region, and generate several regions of a city; extract the regional data of the corresponding region in a unit period from each monitoring device every unit period, and photograph the corresponding region to obtain a regional image, and generate a carbon sink monitoring record for the corresponding region; Step S102: Set corresponding evaluation rules for each monitoring dimension, evaluate the regional data recorded in any carbon sink monitoring record according to the evaluation rules, obtain the characteristic values ​​of each monitoring dimension in the carbon sink monitoring record, and add up the characteristic values ​​evaluated for each monitoring dimension to obtain the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of the carbon sink monitoring record.

[0018] Step S200: capturing the green space planting types existing in the area monitored by each carbon sink monitoring record, and analyzing the carbon sink capacity of each planting type based on the carbon sink capacity difference and green space planting type difference between any two areas; Wherein, step S200 includes the following steps: Step S201: arbitrarily selecting a carbon sink monitoring record, determining the area monitored by the carbon sink monitoring record; obtaining a regional image stored in the carbon sink monitoring record, performing feature extraction on the regional image, and obtaining a feature set of the regional image; Step S202: Preset corresponding image data sets for different green space planting types, select any feature from the feature set, and compare the feature with any image data set for similarity. If the obtained similarity exceeds a set similarity threshold, the green space planting type corresponding to the image data set is used as a type of characteristic green space in the area, and a characteristic green space set of the area is obtained. Step S203: arbitrarily select a carbon sink monitoring record from each of the two regions, obtain the characteristic green space sets of the two carbon sink monitoring records, compare the characteristic green spaces in the two characteristic green space sets with each other, and obtain the difference green space set; arbitrarily select the dth type of difference green space from the difference green space set, and set the carbon sink capacity of the dth type of difference green space as TC d , determine the record of the d-th type of difference green space as k(d), where k(d)=i or k(d)=j; Step S204: Set the two selected carbon sink monitoring records to be the i-th carbon sink monitoring record and the j-th carbon sink monitoring record, and obtain the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of the i-th carbon sink monitoring record as TCSC i The comprehensive carbon sink capacity of the jth carbon sink monitoring record is TCSC j ; According to the formula: ; Wherein, r is the number of different green space planting types in the difference green space set, IF() is the judgment function, if k(d)=i, then IF[k(d)=i]=1, if k(d)=j, then IF[k(d)=i]=-1; the formula is calculated for any two carbon sink monitoring records in any different regions to determine the carbon sink capacity of any type of characteristic green space; Example 1: Set the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of region A to 1400, the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of region B to 1500, and the common green spaces of region A and region B are Green Space 1, the unique green spaces of region A are Green Space 2 and Green Space 3, and the unique green spaces of region B are Green Space 4 and Green Space 5; the equation is 100=TC2+TC3-(TC4+TC5); and so on, according to the difference in green space and comprehensive carbon sink capacity between region A and region C, the equation is 600=TC2+TC3-TC4, and TC5=500 can be obtained; by constructing a group of equations through the differences between different regions, the carbon sink capacity of any type of characteristic green space can be obtained.

[0019] Step S300: randomly selecting the carbon sequestration conditions of a region in different time periods, extracting the influencing factors affecting the comprehensive carbon sequestration capacity of the region based on the changes in environmental conditions in the region; and obtaining the influence degree of each influencing factor on the carbon sequestration capacity of each planting type by analyzing the differences in carbon sequestration capacity between different time periods; Wherein, step S300 includes the following steps: Step S301: randomly selecting two carbon sink monitoring records from any region, respectively obtaining regional data of the two carbon sink monitoring records, extracting the remaining data that has not been evaluated for carbon sink capacity from the regional data; extracting a number of environmental features from the remaining data, respectively obtaining environmental feature sets of the two carbon sink monitoring records; performing a difference comparison on the two environmental feature sets, and obtaining a number of influencing factors; Step S302: arbitrarily select the p-th characteristic green land, and obtain the carbon sink capacity difference of the p-th characteristic green land in the two selected carbon sink monitoring records as ΔTC p ; According to the formula: ; Where p is a positive integer and p∈(1,w), w is the number of characteristic green space types, ΔTCSC is the difference in comprehensive carbon sink capacity between the two selected carbon sink monitoring records; the comprehensive impact degree Y of all influencing factors on the p-th characteristic green space is calculated p ; Example 2: It is assumed that the carbon sequestration capacity differences of the three types of characteristic green spaces are 50, 150 and 100 respectively, and the comprehensive carbon sequestration capacity difference is 500. Therefore, the comprehensive influence of all influencing factors on the first type of characteristic green space is (50 / 500) / (50 / 500+150 / 500+100 / 500)=0.1667; Step S303: Setting the influence degree of the qth influencing factor among the plurality of influencing factors to z q , according to the formula: ; in, is a constant, u is the number of influencing factors; any two carbon sink monitoring records in the region are substituted into the formula based on the carbon sink capacity difference to determine the influence degree of any influencing factor in the region z q .

[0020] Example 3: Select three carbon sink monitoring records in the area, set the influencing factor set between record a and record b to include factor 1 and factor 2, set the influencing factor set between record a and record c to include factor 1 and factor 3, and set the influencing factor set between record b and record c to include factor 2 and factor 3; based on the carbon sink capacity difference between any two carbon sink monitoring records of the p-th characteristic green space, the comprehensive influence degrees are obtained to be 0.16, 0.15 and 0.17 respectively; therefore, the equation group is established as 0.16=z ’ +z1+z2,0.15=z ’ +z1+z3,0.17=z ’+z2+z3, we get z1=0.07, z2=0.09, z3=0.08, and z ’ =0.

[0021] Step S400: According to the green space planting conditions in each area, the theoretical carbon sink conditions of each area are obtained, and based on the difference between the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each area and the theoretical carbon sink conditions, several abnormal areas are generated; the carbon sink capacity of each planting type in any abnormal area is obtained, and based on the influence degree of each influencing factor, the green space adjustment reminder is given to the said any abnormal area, and adjustment suggestions are given; Wherein, step S400 includes the following steps: Step S401: arbitrarily obtain all characteristic green spaces in a region, where the carbon sink capacity of the p1th characteristic green space is set as TC p1 ; Obtain the influence degree of each influencing factor in the area on the p1th characteristic green space, according to the formula: ; Where v1 is the number of characteristic green space types in the area, p2 is a positive integer and p2∈(1,v2), v2 is the number of influencing factors in the area, and z p2 is the influence degree of the p2th influencing factor; the theoretical carbon sink capacity TCSC of the region is calculated ’ ; By evaluating the region, the comprehensive carbon sink capacity TCSC of the region is obtained, and a deviation ratio threshold δ is set. If |TCSC-TCSC ’ | / TCSC ’ >δ, the region is set as an abnormal region, otherwise, the region is set as a normal region; Step S402: randomly select an abnormal area and obtain the carbon sink capacity TC of any characteristic green space in the abnormal area yc , sort all characteristic green spaces according to their values ​​from small to large, and obtain the green space adjustment order of the abnormal area; Step S403: arbitrarily select a normal area, obtain environmental feature sets of two areas respectively, perform similarity comparison on the two environmental feature sets, set a similarity threshold, if there is a normal area with a similarity greater than the similarity threshold between the normal area and the abnormal area, then select a normal area with the greatest similarity to the abnormal area and set it as a reference area for the abnormal area, sort the characteristic green spaces of the reference area from large to small according to the carbon sequestration capacity, and extract a type of characteristic green space in sequence to compare with any characteristic green space in the abnormal area, if there is no type of characteristic green space in the abnormal area, and the carbon sequestration capacity of the extracted characteristic green space is greater than the carbon sequestration capacity of the type of characteristic green space with the smallest value in the abnormal area, then mark the extracted characteristic green space as the target green space, and remind the abnormal area to adjust the green space; Step S404: Obtain a set of influencing factors between the reference area and the abnormal area, select an influencing factor at random from the set of influencing factors, and set the degree of influence of the influencing factor on the target green space in the reference area as z. t , setting the carbon sequestration capacity of the target green space in the reference area as TC ex , according to the formula: ; Among them, e1 and e2 are positive integers, and e1∈(1,g), e2∈(1,g), g is the number of influencing factors in the influencing factor set, (z t ) e1 is the influence degree of the e1th influencing factor in the reference area, (z t ) e2 is the influence degree of the e2th influencing factor in the abnormal area, (TC yc ) min is the carbon sink capacity with the minimum value in the abnormal area; the estimated carbon sink capacity increase ΔTC after the green space adjustment in the abnormal area is calculated add , and the expected increase in carbon sink capacity ΔTC add Send to management; Step S405: If all types of characteristic green spaces exist in the abnormal area, a green space expansion reminder is given to the abnormal area; or if there is no similarity between the normal area and the abnormal area greater than a similarity threshold, a green space expansion reminder is given to the abnormal area.

[0022] An intelligent monitoring and evaluation system for urban green space carbon sinks, the monitoring and evaluation system comprising a monitoring record analysis module, a green space carbon sink evaluation module, an influencing factor analysis module and a regional abnormality adjustment module; The monitoring record analysis module is used to install several monitoring devices in a city to regularly monitor the carbon sink conditions in various regions, obtain several carbon sink monitoring records in each region; and build a carbon sink evaluation system to evaluate the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each carbon sink monitoring record; Green space carbon sink assessment module, used to capture the green space planting types in the area monitored by each carbon sink monitoring record, and analyze the carbon sink capacity of each planting type based on the carbon sink capacity difference and green space planting type difference between any two areas; The influencing factor analysis module is used to arbitrarily select the carbon sequestration situation of a region in different time periods, and extract the influencing factors that affect the comprehensive carbon sequestration capacity of the region based on the changes in environmental conditions in the region; by analyzing the differences in carbon sequestration capacity between different time periods, the influence degree of each influencing factor on the carbon sequestration capacity of each planting type is obtained; The regional abnormality adjustment module is used to obtain the theoretical carbon sink situation of each area according to the green space planting situation in each area, and generate several abnormal areas based on the difference between the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each area and the theoretical carbon sink situation; obtain the carbon sink capacity of each planting type in any abnormal area, and based on the influence degree of each influencing factor, issue green space adjustment reminders to any abnormal area and give adjustment suggestions.

[0023] Among them, the monitoring record analysis module includes a monitoring record generation unit and a regional carbon sink comprehensive assessment unit; The monitoring record generation unit is used to install several monitoring devices in a city to regularly monitor the carbon sink conditions in various regions and obtain several carbon sink monitoring records in each region; the regional carbon sink comprehensive assessment unit is used to build a carbon sink assessment system to assess the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each carbon sink monitoring record.

[0024] Among them, the green space carbon sink assessment module includes the green space planting type acquisition unit and the green space carbon sink assessment unit; The green space planting type acquisition unit is used to capture the green space planting types existing in the area monitored by each carbon sink monitoring record; the green space carbon sink assessment unit is used to analyze the carbon sink capacity of each planting type based on the differences in carbon sink capacity and green space planting types between any two areas.

[0025] Among them, the influencing factor analysis module includes an influencing factor extraction unit and an influencing degree calculation unit; The influencing factor extraction unit is used to arbitrarily select the carbon sequestration conditions of a region in different time periods, and extract the influencing factors that affect the comprehensive carbon sequestration capacity of the region based on the changes in environmental conditions in the region; the impact degree calculation unit is used to obtain the impact degree of each influencing factor on the carbon sequestration capacity of each planting type by analyzing the differences in carbon sequestration capacity between different time periods.

[0026] Among them, the regional abnormal adjustment module includes an abnormal area division unit and a green space adjustment suggestion unit; The abnormal area division unit is used to obtain the theoretical carbon sink situation of each area according to the green space planting situation in each area, and generate several abnormal areas based on the difference between the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each area and the theoretical carbon sink situation; the green space adjustment suggestion unit is used to obtain the carbon sink capacity of each planting type in any abnormal area, and based on the influence degree of each influencing factor, remind the said any abnormal area to adjust the green space and give adjustment suggestions.

[0027] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims be included in the invention. Any reference numeral in a claim should not be considered as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. An intelligent monitoring and evaluation method for urban green space carbon sinks, characterized by: The monitoring and evaluation method comprises the following steps: Step S100: installing a number of monitoring devices in a city to regularly monitor the carbon sink conditions in various regions, and obtaining a number of carbon sink monitoring records in various regions; constructing a carbon sink assessment system to assess the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each carbon sink monitoring record; Step S200: capturing the green space planting types existing in the area monitored by each carbon sink monitoring record, and analyzing the carbon sink capacity of each planting type based on the carbon sink capacity difference and green space planting type difference between any two areas; Step S300: randomly selecting the carbon sequestration conditions of a region in different time periods, extracting the influencing factors affecting the comprehensive carbon sequestration capacity of the region based on the changes in environmental conditions in the region; and obtaining the influence degree of each influencing factor on the carbon sequestration capacity of each planting type by analyzing the differences in carbon sequestration capacity between different time periods; Step S400: According to the green space planting conditions in each area, the theoretical carbon sink conditions of each area are obtained, and based on the difference between the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each area and the theoretical carbon sink conditions, several abnormal areas are generated; the carbon sink capacity of each planting type in any abnormal area is obtained, and based on the influence degree of each influencing factor, any abnormal area is reminded to adjust the green space and adjustment suggestions are given.

2. According to claim 1, the method for intelligent monitoring and evaluation of urban green space carbon sinks is characterized by: The step S100 includes the following steps: Step S101: Acquire the monitoring range that each monitoring device can monitor, take any monitoring range as the regional range of a region, and generate several regions of a city; extract the regional data of the corresponding region in a unit period from each monitoring device every unit period, and photograph the corresponding region to obtain a regional image, and generate a carbon sink monitoring record for the corresponding region; Step S102: Set corresponding evaluation rules for each monitoring dimension, evaluate the regional data recorded in any carbon sink monitoring record according to the evaluation rules, obtain the characteristic values ​​of each monitoring dimension in the carbon sink monitoring record, and add up the characteristic values ​​evaluated for each monitoring dimension to obtain the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of the carbon sink monitoring record.

3. The method for intelligent monitoring and evaluation of urban green space carbon sinks according to claim 2 is characterized by: The step S200 includes the following steps: Step S201: arbitrarily selecting a carbon sink monitoring record, determining the area monitored by the carbon sink monitoring record; obtaining a regional image stored in the carbon sink monitoring record, performing feature extraction on the regional image, and obtaining a feature set of the regional image; Step S202: Preset corresponding image data sets for different green space planting types, select any feature from the feature set, and compare the feature with any image data set for similarity. If the obtained similarity exceeds a set similarity threshold, the green space planting type corresponding to the image data set is used as a type of characteristic green space in the area, and a characteristic green space set of the area is obtained. Step S203: arbitrarily select a carbon sink monitoring record from each of the two regions, obtain the characteristic green space sets of the two carbon sink monitoring records, compare the characteristic green spaces in the two characteristic green space sets with each other, and obtain the difference green space set; arbitrarily select the dth type of difference green space from the difference green space set, and set the carbon sink capacity of the dth type of difference green space as TC d , determine the record of the d-th type of difference green space as k(d), where k(d)=i or k(d)=j; Step S204: Set the two selected carbon sink monitoring records to be the i-th carbon sink monitoring record and the j-th carbon sink monitoring record, and obtain the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of the i-th carbon sink monitoring record as TCSC i The comprehensive carbon sink capacity of the jth carbon sink monitoring record is TCSC j ; According to the formula: ； Among them, r is the number of different green space planting types in the difference green space set, IF() is the judgment function, if k(d)=i, then IF[k(d)=i]=1, if k(d)=j, then IF[k(d)=i]=-1; the formula is calculated for any two carbon sink monitoring records in any different regions to determine the carbon sink capacity of any type of characteristic green space.

4. The method for intelligent monitoring and evaluation of urban green space carbon sinks according to claim 3 is characterized by: The step S300 includes the following steps: Step S301: randomly selecting two carbon sink monitoring records from any region, respectively obtaining regional data of the two carbon sink monitoring records, extracting the remaining data that has not been evaluated for carbon sink capacity from the regional data; extracting a number of environmental features from the remaining data, respectively obtaining environmental feature sets of the two carbon sink monitoring records; performing a difference comparison on the two environmental feature sets, and obtaining a number of influencing factors; Step S302: arbitrarily select the p-th characteristic green land, and obtain the carbon sink capacity difference of the p-th characteristic green land in the two selected carbon sink monitoring records as ΔTC p ; According to the formula: ； Where p is a positive integer and p∈(1,w), w is the number of characteristic green space types, ΔTCSC is the difference in comprehensive carbon sink capacity between the two selected carbon sink monitoring records; the comprehensive impact degree Y of all influencing factors on the p-th characteristic green space is calculated p ; Step S303: Setting the influence degree of the qth influencing factor among the plurality of influencing factors to z q , according to the formula: ； in, is a constant, u is the number of influencing factors; any two carbon sink monitoring records in the region are substituted into the formula based on the carbon sink capacity difference to determine the influence degree of any influencing factor in the region z q .

5. The method for intelligent monitoring and evaluation of urban green space carbon sinks according to claim 4 is characterized by: The step S400 includes the following steps: Step S401: arbitrarily obtain all characteristic green spaces in a region, where the carbon sink capacity of the p1th characteristic green space is set as TC p1 ; Obtain the influence degree of each influencing factor in the area on the p1th characteristic green space, according to the formula: ； Where v1 is the number of characteristic green space types in the area, p2 is a positive integer and p2∈(1,v2), v2 is the number of influencing factors in the area, and z p2 is the influence degree of the p2th influencing factor; the theoretical carbon sink capacity TCSC of the region is calculated ’ ; By evaluating the region, the comprehensive carbon sink capacity TCSC of the region is obtained, and a deviation ratio threshold δ is set. If |TCSC-TCSC ’ | / TCSC ’ >δ, the region is set as an abnormal region, otherwise, the region is set as a normal region; Step S402: randomly select an abnormal area and obtain the carbon sink capacity TC of any characteristic green space in the abnormal area yc , sort all characteristic green spaces according to their values ​​from small to large, and obtain the green space adjustment order of the abnormal area; Step S403: arbitrarily select a normal area, obtain environmental feature sets of two areas respectively, perform similarity comparison on the two environmental feature sets, set a similarity threshold, if there is a normal area with a similarity greater than the similarity threshold between the normal area and the abnormal area, then select a normal area with the greatest similarity to the abnormal area and set it as a reference area for the abnormal area, sort the characteristic green spaces of the reference area from large to small according to the carbon sequestration capacity, and extract a type of characteristic green space in sequence to compare with any characteristic green space in the abnormal area, if there is no type of characteristic green space in the abnormal area, and the carbon sequestration capacity of the extracted characteristic green space is greater than the carbon sequestration capacity of the type of characteristic green space with the smallest value in the abnormal area, then mark the extracted characteristic green space as the target green space, and remind the abnormal area to adjust the green space; Step S404: Obtain a set of influencing factors between the reference area and the abnormal area, select an influencing factor at random from the set of influencing factors, and set the degree of influence of the influencing factor on the target green space in the reference area as z. t , setting the carbon sequestration capacity of the target green space in the reference area as TC ex , according to the formula: ； Among them, e1 and e2 are positive integers, and e1∈(1,g), e2∈(1,g), g is the number of influencing factors in the influencing factor set, (z t ) e1 is the influence degree of the e1th influencing factor in the reference area, (z t ) e2 is the influence degree of the e2th influencing factor in the abnormal area, (TC yc ) min is the carbon sink capacity with the minimum value in the abnormal area; the estimated carbon sink capacity increase ΔTC after the green space adjustment in the abnormal area is calculated add , and the expected increase in carbon sink capacity ΔTC add Send to management; Step S405: If all types of characteristic green spaces exist in the abnormal area, a green space expansion reminder is given to the abnormal area; or if there is no similarity between the normal area and the abnormal area greater than a similarity threshold, a green space expansion reminder is given to the abnormal area.

6. An urban green space carbon sink intelligent monitoring and evaluation system, used to execute an urban green space carbon sink intelligent monitoring and evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The monitoring and evaluation system includes a monitoring record analysis module, a green space carbon sink evaluation module, an influencing factor analysis module and a regional anomaly adjustment module; The monitoring record analysis module is used to install several monitoring devices in a city to regularly monitor the carbon sink conditions in various regions, obtain several carbon sink monitoring records in various regions; and construct a carbon sink evaluation system to evaluate the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each carbon sink monitoring record; The green space carbon sink assessment module is used to capture the green space planting types existing in the area monitored by each carbon sink monitoring record, and analyze the carbon sink capacity of each planting type based on the carbon sink capacity difference and green space planting type difference between any two areas; The influencing factor analysis module is used to arbitrarily select the carbon sequestration situation of a region in different time periods, and extract the influencing factors that affect the comprehensive carbon sequestration capacity of the region based on the changes in environmental conditions in the region; by analyzing the differences in carbon sequestration capacity between different time periods, the influence degree of each influencing factor on the carbon sequestration capacity of each planting type is obtained; The regional abnormality adjustment module is used to obtain the theoretical carbon sink situation of each area according to the green space planting situation in each area, and generate several abnormal areas based on the difference between the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each area and the theoretical carbon sink situation; obtain the carbon sink capacity of each planting type in any abnormal area, and based on the influence degree of each influencing factor, provide green space adjustment reminders for any abnormal area and give adjustment suggestions.

7. The urban green space carbon sink intelligent monitoring and evaluation system according to claim 6 is characterized by: The monitoring record analysis module includes a monitoring record generation unit and a regional carbon sink comprehensive assessment unit; The monitoring record generation unit is used to install several monitoring devices in a city to regularly monitor the carbon sink conditions in various regions and obtain several carbon sink monitoring records in various regions; the regional carbon sink comprehensive assessment unit is used to construct a carbon sink assessment system to assess the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each carbon sink monitoring record.

8. The urban green space carbon sink intelligent monitoring and evaluation system according to claim 6 is characterized by: The green space carbon sink assessment module includes a green space planting type acquisition unit and a green space carbon sink assessment unit; The green space planting type acquisition unit is used to capture the green space planting types existing in the area monitored by each carbon sink monitoring record; the green space carbon sink assessment unit is used to analyze and obtain the carbon sink capacity of each planting type based on the carbon sink capacity differences and green space planting type differences between any two areas.

9. The urban green space carbon sink intelligent monitoring and evaluation system according to claim 6 is characterized by: The influencing factor analysis module includes an influencing factor extraction unit and an influence degree calculation unit; The influencing factor extraction unit is used to arbitrarily select the carbon sequestration conditions of a region in different time periods, and extract the influencing factors that affect the comprehensive carbon sequestration capacity of the region based on the changes in environmental conditions in the region; the impact degree calculation unit is used to obtain the impact degree of each influencing factor on the carbon sequestration capacity of each planting type by analyzing the differences in carbon sequestration capacity between different time periods.

10. The urban green space carbon sink intelligent monitoring and evaluation system according to claim 6 is characterized by: The region abnormality adjustment module includes an abnormal region division unit and a green space adjustment suggestion unit; The abnormal area division unit is used to obtain the theoretical carbon sink situation of each area according to the green space planting situation in each area, and generate several abnormal areas based on the difference between the comprehensive carbon sink capacity of each area and the theoretical carbon sink situation; the green space adjustment suggestion unit is used to obtain the carbon sink capacity of each planting type in any abnormal area, and based on the influence degree of each influencing factor, remind the any abnormal area to adjust the green space and give adjustment suggestions.

Images