Anti-electromagnetic interference Rydberg atom receiving device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnetic detection, in particular to an anti-electromagnetic interference Rydberg atom receiving device and method. The device comprises two parallel plate waveguide atomic probes with integrated optical fiber gas chambers, a 852nm frequency stabilization module, a 509nm frequency stabilization module and three microwave sources. The three microwave sources are respectively used for generating a local oscillation field signal, a signal field signal and an interference field signal; an alkali metal atom gas chamber is embedded in each of the two parallel plate waveguide atom probes, a first alkali metal atom gas chamber in the first parallel plate waveguide atom probe receives a local oscillation field signal, a signal field signal and an interference field signal, and mixes the local oscillation field signal and the signal field signal to generate an intermediate frequency signal; the second parallel plate waveguide atom probe is used for realizing signal interference resistance by compensating alternating current stark energy shift; the device provided by the invention is simple in structure and high in sensitivity, the anti-interference capability of microwave signal detection can be effectively improved, and the signal detection precision and reliability of the device in a complex electromagnetic environment are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electromagnetic detection technology, and in particular to a Rydberg atom receiving device and method resistant to electromagnetic interference. Background Art

[0002] As the modern battlefield environment becomes increasingly complex, traditional electromagnetic detection technology faces severe challenges. In particular, in complex electromagnetic environments such as high-power microwave weapons, ultra-wide spectrum white noise interference, and pre-transmitter interference, existing microwave signal detection technology often has difficulty in accurately detecting and identifying target signals. The existence of these interference sources makes traditional electronic warfare technology have obvious shortcomings in anti-interference, making it difficult to meet the needs of the modern battlefield.

[0003] Existing microwave detection technology often cannot effectively distinguish target signals from interference signals when facing the above interference sources, which greatly reduces the accuracy and reliability of signal detection. Traditional electronic radar systems have inherent limitations in design and are difficult to adapt to the needs of modern battlefields for high sensitivity and high anti-interference capabilities.

[0004] Traditional electronic warfare jamming and anti-jamming technologies have developed simultaneously, but have not yet achieved the ideal anti-jamming technology advantage in the game of "spear and shield". A new generation of electromagnetic detection technology is urgently needed to overcome this problem.

[0005] In recent years, the new generation of radio receiving systems based on Rydberg atoms have the advantages of high sensitivity, self-calibration, ultra-wideband working frequency band covering DC to terahertz, easy integration, and no influence from the size effect of traditional antennas. They are very suitable for radio sensing and detection and have been favored by the defense, scientific and industrial communities. In particular, its all-optical reading method has important anti-interference potential. The atomic instantaneous bandwidth is about 10MHz, the Q value increases under high-frequency interference, and it has a good ability to suppress external interference signals. It has been continuously selected as a key development direction in the key projects of the National Defense Science and Technology Foundation Strengthening Plan, and is expected to have a subversive impact on traditional electronic radar technology. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention proposes a Rydberg atom receiving method and device that is resistant to electromagnetic interference. The method and device have simple structure and high sensitivity, and can effectively improve the anti-interference capability of microwave signal detection and ensure the accuracy and reliability of signal detection in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0007] The present invention solves the above problems by the following technical means:

[0008] In the first aspect, the present invention proposes an electromagnetic interference-resistant Rydberg atomic receiving device, comprising two parallel plate waveguide atomic probes with integrated optical fiber gas chambers, an 852nm frequency stabilization module, a 509nm frequency stabilization module and three microwave sources; wherein:

[0009] The three microwave sources are used to generate local oscillator field signal, signal field signal and interference field signal respectively;

[0010] The 852nm frequency stabilization module is used to provide two channels of 852nm lasers;

[0011] The 509nm frequency stabilization module is used to provide two channels of 509nm lasers;

[0012] An alkali metal atom gas chamber is respectively embedded in the two parallel plate waveguide atom probes, wherein the first alkali metal atom gas chamber in the first parallel plate waveguide atom probe receives the local oscillator field signal, the signal field signal and the interference field signal, mixes the local oscillator field signal and the signal field signal to generate an intermediate frequency signal, and the second parallel plate waveguide atom probe is used to realize signal anti-interference by compensating for the AC Stark energy shift;

[0013] Furthermore, each of the parallel plate waveguide atom probes includes two optical fiber pigtails that are oppositely arranged and connected to the alkali metal atom gas chamber, and also includes a parallel plate waveguide for embedding the alkali metal atom gas chamber.

[0014] Furthermore, the parallel plate waveguide is made of copper, and one end thereof is tilted outward to form an open port, and the open port is used to receive signals into the parallel plate waveguide.

[0015] Furthermore, the alkali metal atom gas chamber is a rectangular parallelepiped gas chamber made of high borosilicate, filled with Cs atoms, and a support rod made of Teflon material is fixed in the parallel plate waveguide.

[0016] Furthermore, the device also includes a photodetector, an oscilloscope and a spectrum analyzer;

[0017] The photoelectric detector is used to detect the intermediate frequency signal;

[0018] The oscilloscope is used to observe the frequency locking of the 509nm frequency stabilization module;

[0019] The spectrum analyzer is used to observe and record the signal-to-noise ratio of the intermediate frequency signal.

[0020] Furthermore, the device also includes a power divider and a speaker, wherein the power divider is used to input the signal field signal and the interference field signal into the speaker, and the speaker is used to couple the signal field signal and the interference field signal into the open port.

[0021] Further, one 852nm laser of the 852nm frequency stabilization module and one 509nm laser of the 509nm frequency stabilization module are respectively incident into the first alkali metal atom gas chamber through two oppositely arranged optical fiber pigtails to excite Rydberg atoms and lock the 852nm laser and the 509nm laser;

[0022] Another 852nm laser of the 852nm frequency stabilization module and another 509nm laser of the 509nm frequency stabilization module are incident on the second parallel plate waveguide atom probe without signal feed, locking the 509nm laser.

[0023] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a Rydberg atom receiving method resistant to electromagnetic interference, comprising the following steps:

[0024] Step 101, placing two Cs atomic gas cells in two parallel plate waveguides, one gas cell is embedded in the parallel plate waveguide for measurement, and a local oscillator signal is fed into the gas cell via a coaxial cable; the other gas cell is embedded in the parallel plate waveguide for laser frequency locking, and no signal is fed into the gas cell;

[0025] Step 102, injecting the detection light and the coupling light into the Cs atom gas chamber in reverse order to excite the Rydberg atoms;

[0026] Step 103, the interference signal and the signal field signal are transmitted to the two Cs atomic gas chambers through the loudspeaker, and the Rydberg atoms at this time act as spatial mixers, and the EIT-AT spectrum at this time will be modulated by the intermediate frequency signal generated by the mixing;

[0027] Step 104, collecting the intermediate frequency signal through a photoelectric detector to observe the signal anti-interference ability.

[0028] Furthermore, the step 102 specifically includes:

[0029] The detection light and coupling light generated by two tunable lasers are respectively injected into the atomic cluster from the two ends of the Cs atomic gas chamber using optical fiber. The detection light and coupling light overlap inside the atomic cluster. Under the joint action of the detection light and coupling light, an electromagnetically induced transparent window is formed.

[0030] Furthermore, the step 103 specifically includes:

[0031] Two microwave sources are used to generate two microwave signals respectively. The two microwave signals are transmitted to the speaker through a power divider, and then the two microwave signals are irradiated to the parallel plate waveguide atomic probe through the speaker. One of the microwave signals is a signal field signal, which has a frequency difference of 10KHz with the local oscillator signal and a power of -18dBm. The signal field and the local oscillator field are mixed in the Cs atomic gas chamber to generate an intermediate frequency signal carrying information. The other microwave signal is an interference field signal, which provides a high-frequency and high-power interference signal to test the anti-interference ability of the intermediate frequency signal.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include at least:

[0033] 1. Improve anti-interference capability: By optimizing the design of the Rydberg atom heterodyne receiver and introducing an AC Stark effect compensation mechanism, the present invention significantly improves the anti-interference capability of microwave signal detection.

[0034] 2. Enhanced signal detection accuracy: By utilizing parallel plate waveguide technology, the present invention enhances the intermediate frequency signal strength and improves the ability to measure the phase and amplitude of the signal field, thereby enhancing the accuracy of signal detection.

[0035] 3. Adapt to complex electromagnetic environments: The technical solution of the present invention is particularly suitable for complex electromagnetic environments such as modern battlefields, and can effectively cope with challenges such as high-power microwave weapons, ultra-wide spectrum white noise interference and front-end forwarding interference. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative labor.

[0037] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the anti-interference implementation method based on Rydberg atoms of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anti-interference device based on Rydberg atoms of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the energy level structure of the anti-interference implementation process based on Rydberg atoms in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that, if there is no conflict, the various features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, all within the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, although the functional modules are divided in the device schematic diagram and the logical order is shown in the flow chart, in some cases, the steps shown or described can be performed in a different order from the module division in the device or the flow chart. Furthermore, the words "first", "second", "third", etc. used in the present invention do not limit the data and execution order, but only distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and effects.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an anti-interference device based on Rydberg atoms, including a Cs atomic gas chamber 1, a parallel plate waveguide 2, a horn 3, a power divider 4, a microwave source 5, an 852nm frequency stabilization module 6, a 509nm frequency stabilization module 7, a dichroic mirror 8, a spectrometer 9, an oscilloscope 10 and a photodetector 11.

[0043] Figure 2 The core components are composed of a Cs atomic gas chamber 1 and a parallel plate waveguide 2, which are divided into two groups. One group of parallel plate waveguides is fed with a local oscillator signal for detection; the other group is not fed with a local oscillator signal and is used for frequency locking. The 852nm frequency stabilization module 6 provides two 852nm lights, one of which is modulated and the other is not modulated; the two lights are respectively injected into the Cs atomic gas chamber 1, wherein the modulated 852nm light is injected into the frequency-stabilized Cs gas chamber. The 509nm frequency stabilization module 7 generates two 509nm lasers, and the 852nm laser and the 509nm laser collide in the Cs atomic gas chamber 1 to generate an EIT signal, wherein the 852nm laser used for detection passes through the dichroic mirror 8 after passing through the Cs gas chamber 1, and is respectively injected into the photodetector 11, and the photodetector 11 converts the detected optical signal into an electrical signal. The microwave source 5 generates three microwave signals, one of which is input into the parallel plate waveguide 2 as the local oscillator field through a coaxial cable, and the other two are input into the speaker 3 through the power divider 4, and the Cs atomic gas chamber 1 is irradiated through the speaker 3. Based on the Rydberg superheterodyne principle, the local oscillator field signal is mixed with the signal field signal to generate an intermediate frequency signal carrying information such as amplitude and phase, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the intermediate frequency signal is observed and recorded through the spectrum analyzer 9. The 509nm frequency stabilization module 7 is observed through the oscilloscope 10.

[0044] like Figure 3As shown in FIG. 2 , the energy level structure diagram of the anti-interference realization process of the Cs atom in the Cs atom gas chamber. 201 is the ground state (6S1 / 2) of the Cs atom, 203 is the excited state (6P3 / 2) of the Cs atom, 205 is the Rydberg state (66D5 / 2) of the Cs atom; 202 is the detection light with a wavelength of 852nm, 204 is the coupling light with a wavelength of 509nm; 206 is the resonance between the Rydberg state 66D5 / 2 and the microwave signal with a frequency of 2.38GHz; when performing superheterodyne signal detection, the detection light 202 and the coupling light are used to excite the atom 204. The light emitted to the Rydberg state 206 presents an EIT spectrum, and then the electromagnetically induced transparency effect frequency stabilization technology is used to lock the coupled light 204 on the EIT transmission peak. Then, an intrinsic microwave field (Lo) resonating with the Rydberg state 206 and a signal microwave field (SIG) detuned from the Rydberg state 206 are added. The two microwave fields are mixed in the atomic group to generate an intermediate frequency signal, which is a superheterodyne signal. The frequency and amplitude of the superheterodyne signal can be observed using a spectrometer 9. At this time, an interference field signal (interference signal) is added. Since the Rydberg atom has a very large polarizability, it is very sensitive to the external field. The added interference field causes the Ac.stark effect 207 to occur, causing the energy level to move, thereby deteriorating the signal-to-noise ratio of the intermediate frequency signal. In order to offset the impact of the energy level movement, another Cs atomic gas chamber 1 embedded in the parallel plate waveguide 2 without feeding the local oscillator field is used to lock the 509nm laser. By compensating for the energy level movement, the signal-to-noise ratio of the intermediate frequency signal is improved, and its anti-interference ability is enhanced.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a Rydberg atom receiving method resistant to electromagnetic interference, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 101, two Cs atomic gas cells 1 are placed in a parallel plate waveguide (PPWG) 2, one gas cell is embedded in the parallel plate waveguide 2 for measurement, and a local oscillator (Lo) is fed into the coaxial cable end; the other gas cell 1 is embedded in the parallel plate waveguide 2 for laser frequency locking, and no signal is fed into the coaxial cable end.

[0047] Step 102, injecting the detection light 202 and the coupling light 204 into the Cs atom gas chamber in reverse order to excite the Rydberg atoms;

[0048] Step 103, the interference signal and the signal field signal (SIG) are transmitted to the two Cs atomic gas chambers 1 through the loudspeaker. At this time, the Rydberg atoms act as spatial mixers, and the EIT-AT spectrum is modulated by the intermediate frequency signal generated by the mixing.

[0049] Step 104 , the photoelectric detector 11 collects the intermediate frequency signal to observe the signal anti-interference ability.

[0050] Furthermore, step 101 specifically includes:

[0051] A parallel plate waveguide with a length of 70 mm, a width of 30 mm, and a height of 20 mm is made of copper; one end of the parallel plate waveguide is tilted at 30°, similar to a speaker, and this port is coupled to the signal field signal emitted by the speaker in free space; Cs atoms are filled into a rectangular air chamber made of high borosilicate and placed in the parallel plate waveguide; it is fixed with a 20mm Teflon support rod; a local oscillator signal is fed into the coaxial cable end of one parallel plate waveguide; no local oscillator signal is fed into the coaxial cable end of the other air chamber; the parallel plate waveguide fed with the local oscillator signal is mixed with the signal field to generate a 10KHz intermediate frequency signal; the parallel plate waveguide without signal feed realizes signal anti-interference by compensating for the AC.stark energy shift.

[0052] Furthermore, step 102 specifically includes:

[0053] The detection light and coupling light generated by 852nm laser and 509nm laser are respectively injected into the atomic cluster from both ends of the Cs atomic gas chamber. The detection light and coupling light overlap inside the Cs cluster. Under the joint action of the detection light and coupling light, an electromagnetically induced transparent window is formed.

[0054] Furthermore, step 103 specifically includes:

[0055] Two microwave sources are used to generate two microwave signals respectively. The two microwave signals are transmitted to the speaker through a power divider, and then the two microwave signals are irradiated to the Cs atomic gas chamber together through the speaker. One of the microwave signals is a signal field signal, which has a frequency difference of 10KHz with the local oscillator signal and a power of -18dBm. The signal field and the local oscillator field are mixed in the Cs atomic gas chamber to generate an intermediate frequency signal carrying information. The other microwave signal is an interference field signal, which provides a high-frequency and high-power interference signal to test the anti-interference ability of the intermediate frequency signal.

[0056] The working principle of the above method is to use the detection light and the coupling light to be injected from the two ends of the Cs atom gas chamber 1 embedded in the parallel plate waveguide 2 respectively, and the detection light 202 and the coupling light 204 overlap inside the Cs atom 1, and an electromagnetically induced transparent window is formed under the joint action of the two. The microwave source generates three microwave signals, one of which is fed into the parallel plate waveguide 1 as the local oscillator field, and the other two signals are input into the speaker 3 through the power divider 4, and the Cs gas chamber 1 is irradiated through the speaker 3. The two signals output by the speaker, one of which is 10KHz different from the local oscillator field as the signal field, and the other high-frequency, high-power signal as the interference field. At this time, the Rydberg atom plays the role of a spatial mixer, and the EIT-AT spectrum at this time will be modulated by the intermediate frequency signal generated by the mixing. The signal-to-noise ratio of the intermediate frequency signal is collected by the spectrum analyzer 9. When there is no interference signal output, the intermediate frequency signal has a good signal-to-noise ratio; when the interference field is output, as the power of the interference field increases, the intermediate frequency signal is submerged in the background noise of the spectrum analyzer, and the intermediate frequency signal signal-to-noise ratio is extremely poor. This is because the Rydberg state of Cs atoms has a large polarizability and is very sensitive to external fields. When it is placed in an interference field, the Ac.stark effect occurs, resulting in energy level movement, which deteriorates the signal-to-noise ratio of the intermediate frequency signal. At this time, another Cs atomic gas cell 1 embedded in the parallel plate waveguide 2 without feeding the local oscillator field is used to lock the 509nm laser, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the intermediate frequency signal is improved by compensating for the energy level movement, thereby improving its anti-interference ability.

[0057] The above disclosure is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, which certainly cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Therefore, equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A Rydberg atomic receiver resistant to electromagnetic interference, characterized in that: It includes two parallel plate waveguide atom probes with integrated fiber optic gas chambers, an 852nm frequency stabilization module, a 509nm frequency stabilization module and three microwave sources; The three microwave sources are used to generate local oscillator field signal, signal field signal and interference field signal respectively; The 852nm frequency stabilization module is used to provide two channels of 852nm lasers; The 509nm frequency stabilization module is used to provide two channels of 509nm lasers; An alkali metal atomic gas chamber is embedded in each of the two parallel plate waveguide atom probes, wherein the first alkali metal atomic gas chamber in the first parallel plate waveguide atom probe receives a local oscillator field signal, a signal field signal and an interference field signal, mixes the local oscillator field signal and the signal field signal to generate an intermediate frequency signal, and the second parallel plate waveguide atom probe is used to achieve signal anti-interference by compensating for the AC Stark energy shift.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that Each of the parallel plate waveguide atom probes comprises two optical fiber pigtails which are arranged opposite to each other and connected to the alkali metal atom gas cell, and also comprises a parallel plate waveguide for embedding the alkali metal atom gas cell.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The parallel plate waveguide is made of copper, and one end thereof is tilted outward to form an open port, and the open port is used to receive signals into the parallel plate waveguide.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The alkali metal atom gas chamber is a rectangular parallelepiped gas chamber made of high borosilicate, filled with Cs atoms, and a support rod made of Teflon material is fixed in the parallel plate waveguide.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that It also includes photodetectors, oscilloscopes, and spectrum analyzers; The photoelectric detector is used to detect the intermediate frequency signal; The oscilloscope is used to observe the frequency locking of the 509nm frequency stabilization module; The spectrum analyzer is used to observe and record the signal-to-noise ratio of the intermediate frequency signal.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that It also includes a power divider and a speaker. The power divider is used to input the signal field signal and the interference field signal into the speaker. The speaker is used to couple the signal field signal and the interference field signal into the open port.

7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that One 852nm laser of the 852nm frequency stabilization module and one 509nm laser of the 509nm frequency stabilization module are respectively incident into the first alkali metal atom gas chamber through two oppositely arranged optical fiber pigtails to excite Rydberg atoms and lock the 852nm laser and the 509nm laser; Another 852nm laser of the 852nm frequency stabilization module and another 509nm laser of the 509nm frequency stabilization module are incident on the second parallel plate waveguide atom probe without signal feed, locking the 509nm laser.

8. A Rydberg atom receiving method resistant to electromagnetic interference, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 101, placing two Cs atomic gas cells in two parallel plate waveguides, one gas cell is embedded in the parallel plate waveguide for measurement, and a local oscillator signal is fed into the gas cell via a coaxial cable; the other gas cell is embedded in the parallel plate waveguide for laser frequency locking, and no signal is fed into the gas cell; Step 102, injecting the detection light and the coupling light into the Cs atom gas chamber in reverse order to excite the Rydberg atoms; Step 103, the interference signal and the signal field signal are transmitted to the two Cs atomic gas chambers through the loudspeaker, and the Rydberg atoms at this time act as spatial mixers, and the EIT-AT spectrum at this time will be modulated by the intermediate frequency signal generated by the mixing; Step 104, the signal anti-interference capability can be observed by collecting the intermediate frequency signal through a photoelectric detector.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The step 102 specifically includes: The detection light and coupling light generated by two tunable lasers are respectively injected into the atomic cluster from the two ends of the Cs atomic gas chamber using optical fiber. The detection light and coupling light overlap inside the atomic cluster. Under the joint action of the detection light and coupling light, an electromagnetically induced transparent window is formed.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The step 103 specifically includes: Two microwave sources are used to generate two microwave signals respectively. The two microwave signals are transmitted to the speaker through a power divider, and then the two microwave signals are irradiated to the parallel plate waveguide atomic probe through the speaker. One of the microwave signals is a signal field signal, which has a frequency difference of 10KHz with the local oscillator signal and a power of -18dBm. The signal field and the local oscillator field are mixed in the Cs atomic gas chamber to generate an intermediate frequency signal carrying information. The other microwave signal is an interference field signal, which provides a high-frequency and high-power interference signal to test the anti-interference ability of the intermediate frequency signal.

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