Method and device for measuring subsidence basin boundary of coal mine goaf

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of measurement, in particular to a method and device for measuring a subsidence basin boundary of a coal mine goaf, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining synthetic aperture radar SAR image data of the subsidence basin boundary of the coal mine goaf, and carrying out the preprocessing of the data, and generating a registered SAR image data set; establishing a first multi-main image interferometric phase data set, and inverting a mining process according to the central position of the differential interference fringe pattern; carrying out stacking processing on the differential interferograms to obtain an average rate diagram of the mining-induced surface deformation, so as to delineate the range of the mining-induced surface deformation; and generating a single main image differential interferometric phase data set and a second multi-main image interferometric phase data set, and establishing a coupling image interferometric phase data set to realize high-precision measurement of the boundaries of the subsidence basins of the coal mine goaf. Therefore, the mining process can be reconstructed under the condition of lack of mining area historical data, high-precision measurement of the subsidence basin boundary range and the subsidence magnitude of the coal mine goaf is realized, and the refinement level of a monitoring result is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of measurement technology, and in particular to a method and device for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area. Background Art

[0002] The edge of the surface subsidence basin caused by underground coal mining is prone to tensile cracking, resulting in uneven ground settlement and serious damage to the safety of buildings (structures). Artificial field measurements are difficult to provide surface observation data covering the entire subsidence basin and cannot accurately delineate the boundaries of the subsidence basin.

[0003] Among the related technologies, InSAR (Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar) has rapidly developed into an emerging space-based earth observation technology due to its advantages of all-day, all-weather, high precision, and wide coverage, and plays an important role in the detection of the boundaries of surface subsidence basins in mining areas. The commonly used InSAR technologies include DInSAR (Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar), PS-InSAR (Permanent Scatterer Interferometry), and SBAS-InSAR (Small Baseline Subset Interferometry).

[0004] However, the DInSAR method has the ability to monitor large-scale surface deformation, but factors such as spatiotemporal incoherence, atmospheric delay, and DEM (Digital Elevation Model) errors limit the accuracy of surface deformation monitoring in mining areas. Although time-series InSAR technologies represented by PS-InSAR and SBAS-InSAR can reduce spatiotemporal incoherence and atmospheric noise to obtain millimeter-level deformation monitoring results, it is difficult to obtain a sufficient number of monitoring point targets. Therefore, the relevant technology cannot meet the high-precision measurement of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area, and it is urgent to improve. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a method and device for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area, in order to solve the problems in the related technology that DInSAR may be affected by factors such as temporal and spatial incoherence, atmospheric delay, DEM error, etc., which limits the accuracy of surface deformation monitoring in the mining area, and that PS-InSAR and SBAS-InSAR are difficult to obtain a sufficient number of monitoring point targets, and may not be able to achieve high-precision measurement of the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area.

[0006] The first aspect of the present application provides a method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area, comprising the following steps: obtaining a SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) covering the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area; The method comprises the steps of: generating a first multi-main image interference phase data set based on the SAR image data set to obtain a differential interference diagram corresponding to the first multi-main image interference phase data set, and reconstructing the mining history according to the differential interference diagram; stacking the differential interference diagram to obtain an average rate diagram of surface deformation affected by mining, and delineating the scope of surface deformation affected by mining according to the average rate diagram; generating a single main image differential interference phase data set and a second multi-main image interference phase data set based on the SAR image data set, and establishing a coupled image interference phase data set based on the single main image differential interference phase data set and the second multi-main image interference phase data set to analyze the coupled image interference phase data set to obtain the time series deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of the coal mine; and obtaining the measurement result of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of the coal mine by combining the mining history, the scope of surface deformation affected by mining and the time series deformation data.

[0007] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, reconstructing the sampling history based on the differential interference pattern includes: processing the first multiple main image interference phase data set to obtain an average coherence map of the first multiple main image interference phase data set; determining at least one unwrapping reference point that meets preset conditions based on the average coherence map, so as to perform phase unwrapping on the interference pattern according to the at least one unwrapping reference point to obtain a differential interference fringe pattern; and reconstructing the sampling history based on the center position of the differential interference fringe pattern.

[0008] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the first multi-primary image interferometric phase data set is (n-4)×7-1 pairs of interference patterns generated by n SAR images, where n is a positive integer.

[0009] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, stacking the differential interference patterns to obtain an average rate map of surface deformation caused by mining includes: stacking the differential interference patterns to obtain a first differential interference pattern set, and estimating and removing the quadratic phase change rate from the first differential interference pattern set to obtain a second differential interference pattern set; calculating the phase change rate, the standard deviation of the phase change rate, and the standard deviation of the residual phase for each pixel point in the second differential interference pattern set, and based on the phase change rate, the standard deviation of the phase change rate, and the standard deviation of the residual phase of each pixel point, performing linear regression on the atmospheric components related to the elevation to obtain the atmospheric phase delay, and using a large window to filter out the atmospheric phase delay to obtain the target differential interference pattern set; generating a phase unwrapped mask image based on the intensity and coherence of the pixel points in the target differential interference pattern set, and determining the target measurement point based on the mask image to obtain the average rate map of surface deformation caused by mining based on the target measurement point.

[0010] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the expression of the average velocity diagram of the mining-induced surface deformation is:

[0011]

[0012] Among them, V mean is the average rate of surface deformation, φ i is the unwrapped phase of N interferograms, ΔT i For the time interval.

[0013] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, establishing a coupled image interference phase dataset based on the single main image differential interference phase dataset and the second multiple main image interference phase dataset includes: selecting a permanent scatterer based on the SAR image dataset, and selecting a main image based on the spatiotemporal baseline principle to combine the permanent scatterer and the main image to establish the single main image differential interference phase dataset; calculating a baseline file based on the SAR image dataset, and based on the baseline file, establishing the second multiple main image interference phase dataset by using the short baseline principle and the multiple main image principle; performing compatibility processing on the single main image differential interference phase dataset and the second multiple main image interference phase dataset, and converting each pixel value in the single main image differential interference phase dataset and the second multiple main image interference phase dataset into a corresponding complex value, so as to superimpose the complex values ​​at corresponding positions to obtain the coupled image interference phase dataset.

[0014] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the second multi-primary image interference phase data set is (n-2)×3(n-2)*3 pairs of interference patterns generated by n SAR images, where n is a positive integer.

[0015] The second aspect of the present application provides a device for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area, comprising: an acquisition module for acquiring synthetic aperture radar SAR image data covering the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area, and preprocessing the SAR image data to generate a registered SAR image data set; a construction module for establishing a first multi-main image interference phase data set based on the SAR image data set to obtain a differential interference map corresponding to the first multi-main image interference phase data set, and reconstructing the mining history based on the differential interference map; a processing module for stacking the differential interference map to obtain an average rate map of surface deformation affected by mining. The range of surface deformation affected by mining is delineated according to the average rate map; a generation module is used to generate a single main image differential interference phase data set and a second multi-main image interference phase data set based on the SAR image data set, and a coupled image interference phase data set is established based on the single main image differential interference phase data set and the second multi-main image interference phase data set, so as to analyze the coupled image interference phase data set to obtain the time series deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf; a measurement module is used to obtain the measurement result of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf in combination with the mining history, the range of surface deformation affected by mining and the time series deformation data.

[0016] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the construction module includes: a first processing unit, used to process the first multi-main image interference phase data set to obtain an average coherence map of the first multi-main image interference phase data set; a first generation unit, used to determine at least one unwrapping reference point that meets preset conditions based on the average coherence map, so as to perform phase unwrapping on the interference map according to the at least one unwrapping reference point to obtain a differential interference fringe map; a reconstruction unit, used to reconstruct the sampling history according to the center position of the differential interference fringe map.

[0017] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the first multi-primary image interferometric phase data set is (n-4)×7-1 pairs of interference patterns generated by n SAR images, where n is a positive integer.

[0018] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the processing module includes: a second processing unit, used to stack the differential interference images to obtain a first differential interference image set, and estimate and remove the quadratic phase change rate from the first differential interference image set to obtain a second differential interference image set; a calculation unit, used to calculate the phase change rate, the standard deviation of the phase change rate and the standard deviation of the residual phase of each pixel point in the second differential interference image set, and based on the phase change rate, the standard deviation of the phase change rate and the standard deviation of the residual phase of each pixel point, perform linear regression on the atmospheric components related to the elevation to obtain the atmospheric phase delay, and use a large window to filter out the atmospheric phase delay to obtain the target differential interference image set; a second generation unit, used to generate a phase unwrapped mask image based on the intensity and coherence of the pixel points in the target differential interference image set, and determine the target measurement point based on the mask image to obtain the average rate map of the mining-induced surface deformation based on the target measurement point.

[0019] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the expression of the average velocity diagram of the mining-induced surface deformation is:

[0020]

[0021] Among them, V mean is the average rate of surface deformation, φ i is the unwrapped phase of N interferograms, ΔT i is the time interval.

[0022] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the generation module includes: a first construction unit, used to select a permanent scatterer based on the SAR image dataset, and select a main image according to the spatiotemporal baseline principle, so as to combine the permanent scatterer and the main image to establish the single main image differential interference phase dataset; a second construction unit, used to calculate a baseline file according to the SAR image dataset, and based on the baseline file, establish the second multiple main image interference phase dataset by using the short baseline principle and the multiple main image principle; a third processing unit, used to perform compatibility processing on the single main image differential interference phase dataset and the second multiple main image interference phase dataset, and convert each pixel value in the single main image differential interference phase dataset and the second multiple main image interference phase dataset into a corresponding complex value, so as to superimpose the complex values ​​at the corresponding positions to obtain the coupled image interference phase dataset.

[0023] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the second multi-primary image interference phase data set is (n-2)×3(n-2)*3 pairs of interference patterns generated by n SAR images, where n is a positive integer.

[0024] The third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf as described in the above embodiment.

[0025] The fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-mentioned method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf.

[0026] The fifth aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, which, when executed, is used to implement the above-mentioned method for measuring the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf.

[0027] The embodiment of the present application can obtain SAR image data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine, generate a registered SAR image data set, and then establish a first multi-main image interference phase data set, invert the mining history according to the center position of the differential interference fringe pattern, and stack the differential interference pattern to obtain an average rate map of surface deformation affected by mining, so as to delineate the range of surface deformation affected by mining, thereby generating a single main image differential interference phase data set and a second multi-main image interference phase data set to establish a coupled image interference phase data set, perform interference processing and time series inversion analysis on coherent target points with stable scattering characteristics, and obtain deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine, which can effectively improve the density and spatial coverage of monitoring points, help to obtain time series deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine, and achieve millimeter-level high-precision measurement. This solves the problems in related technologies, such as DInSAR may be affected by factors such as spatiotemporal incoherence, atmospheric delay, DEM error, etc., which limits the accuracy of surface deformation monitoring in mining areas; and PS-InSAR and SBAS-InSAR find it difficult to obtain a sufficient number of monitoring point targets, which may make it impossible to achieve high-precision measurement of the boundaries of subsidence basins in coal mine goaf areas.

[0028] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0030] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2A principle block diagram of coal mine goaf subsidence basin boundary measurement based on radar remote sensing SAR images according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of reconstructing a mining history based on an interference fringe pattern according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the space-time baseline distribution of stacked interferometry according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the average deformation rate of the surface of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a time-space baseline of a single main image differential interference pair according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a time-space baseline of differential interference of multiple main images according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of obtaining high-density measurement points by coupling single and multiple main image differential interference phases according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the time series deformation of millimeter-level high-precision measurement points on the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Fig.10 A schematic block diagram of a device for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf provided according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0042] The following describes a method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings. In view of the related technologies mentioned in the above background technology, since DInSAR may be affected by factors such as temporal and spatial incoherence, atmospheric delay, and DEM error, which limits the accuracy of surface deformation monitoring in mining areas, and since it is difficult for PS-InSAR and SBAS-InSAR to obtain a sufficient number of monitoring point targets, it may not be possible to achieve high-precision measurement of the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area. The present application provides a method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area. In this method, SAR image data of the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area can be obtained, and a registered SAR image data set can be generated, and then a first multi-primary image interference phase data set can be established. The mining history is inverted according to the center position of the differential interference fringe pattern, and the differential interference pattern is stacked to obtain the average rate map of the surface deformation affected by mining, so as to delineate the scope of the surface deformation affected by mining, thereby generating a single main image differential interference phase data set and a second multi-main image interference phase data set to establish a coupled image interference phase data set, and perform interference processing and time series inversion analysis on coherent target points with stable scattering characteristics to obtain the deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area, which can effectively improve the density and spatial coverage of monitoring points, help to obtain the time series deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area, and achieve millimeter-level high-precision measurement. Therefore, the problems in the related technology that DInSAR may be affected by factors such as temporal and spatial incoherence, atmospheric delay, and DEM error, which limits the accuracy of surface deformation monitoring in the mining area, and that PS-InSAR and SBAS-InSAR are difficult to obtain a sufficient number of monitoring point targets, and may not be able to achieve high-precision measurement of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area, are solved.

[0043] Specifically, Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for measuring the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area includes the following steps:

[0045] In step S101, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image data covering a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf is acquired, and the SAR image data is preprocessed to generate a registered SAR image data set.

[0046] It is understood that SAR image data refers to the SLC (Single-look Complex) of the image, wherein the image registration of SAR image data requires the assistance of a digital elevation model. Preprocessing includes but is not limited to selection, geocoding, image registration, de-skewing, adding precise orbit data and cropping.

[0047] In the actual implementation process, combined with Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application can obtain SAR image data, that is, single-view complex image pairs of images, and through data processing such as selection, geocoding, image registration, de-skewing, adding precise orbit data and cropping, and with the assistance of DEM, it is possible to generate a precisely registered SAR image dataset covering the study area.

[0048] Specifically, taking a coal mine as the research object and Sentinel-1A / B satellite data as an example, after basic data preprocessing such as single-look complex (SLC) image pair selection, geocoding, image registration, de-skewing, adding precise orbit data and cropping, a registered SAR time series data set can be formed. Among them, 25 Sentinel-1SAR data from July 2020 to May 2021 can be obtained. Sentinel-1A / B is an important part of the ESA Copernicus program, equipped with a C-band SAR sensor and a single-satellite revisit period of 12 days. The image data range completely covers the study area data, the imaging mode is progressive scanning mode (IW), the polarization mode is dual polarization (VV), the incident angle is 41.67°, and the image data type is SLC data. The information of the Sentinel-1A satellite data used in the study area is shown in Table 1. Table 1 is the Sentinel-1A satellite data information description table.

[0049] The embodiment of the present application can apply precise orbit data to SAR images, and with the help of accurate satellite position and velocity information provided by precise orbit files, update the orbit state vector of SAR image metadata and reduce satellite orbit errors.

[0050] Furthermore, the embodiments of the present application can compensate for the offset caused by the terrain with the help of open source digital elevation model (DEM) data to perform precise image registration. When the vertical baseline is large, the undulation of the ground will cause additional offsets between the master and slave images, and a local offset of about 2m will occur for every 1000m change in elevation; the DEM model-assisted calculation takes into account the offset error caused by the terrain. Download the digital elevation model NASA DEM data with a resolution of 30m for precise registration, and the spatial reference coordinate system is GCS WGS1984. In addition, the registered image is cropped to the study area, and the longitude and latitude of the center of the study area are 112.39°, 39.00°.

[0051] Table 1

[0052] Serial number Imaging date Imaging Mode Polarization Angle of incidence Data Types 1 20200725 IW VV 41.67° SLC 2 20200806 IW VV 41.67° SLC 3 20200818 IW VV 41.67° SLC 4 20200830 IW W 41.67° SLC 5 20200911 IW VV 41.67° SLC 6 20200923 IW VV 41.67° SLC 7 20201005 IW VV 41.67° SLC 8 20201017 IW VV 41.67° SLC 9 20201029 IW VV 41.67° SLC 10 20201110 IW VV 41.67° SLC 11 20201122 IW VV 41.67° SLC 12 20201204 IW VV 41.67° SLC 13 20201216 IW VV 41.67° SLC 14 20201228 IW VV 41.67° SLC 15 20210109 IW VV 41.67° SLC 16 20210121 IW VV 41.67° SLC 17 20210202 IW VV 41.67° SLC 18 20210214 IW VV 41.67° SLC 19 20210226 IW VV 41.67° SLC 20 20210310 IW VV 41.67° SLC 21 20210322 IW VV 41.67° SLC 22 20210403 1W VV 41.67° SLC 23 20210415 1W VV 41.67° SLC 24 20210427 1W VV 41.67° SLC 25 20210521 IW VV 41.67° SLC

[0053] The embodiment of the present application can effectively ensure the quality of the data by pre-processing the SAR synthetic aperture radar image data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area, help eliminate or reduce errors caused by sensors, atmospheric conditions or terrain, and improve the accuracy and reliability of subsequent analysis.

[0054] In step S102, a first multi-primary image interferometric phase data set is established based on the SAR image data set to obtain a differential interferogram corresponding to the first multi-primary image interferometric phase data set, and the sampling history is reconstructed according to the differential interferogram.

[0055] It can be understood that the first multi-main image interferometric phase data set can generate interference patterns for each image and seven images of subsequent dates according to the date when the image is acquired. Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the first multi-main image interferometric phase data set is (n-4)×7-1 pairs of interference patterns generated by n SAR images, where n is a positive integer.

[0056] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present application can select 9 interference fringe images from July 25, 2020 to May 21, 2021 in chronological order to reconstruct the mining history. According to the mining history inverted by differential interference fringe, coal mining in the study area started in August 2020, gradually moved to the west, and mining was basically completed in April 2021.

[0057] The embodiment of the present application establishes a first multi-primary image interference phase data set based on the SAR image data set, and obtains a corresponding differential interference map, which can include more observation angles and time points, effectively reflecting the subtle changes in complex terrain such as the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area, helping to improve the accuracy of surface deformation monitoring, and can help reconstruct the mining history and predict future subsidence trends.

[0058] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the sampling history is reconstructed according to the differential interference pattern, including: processing a first multi-primary image interference phase data set to obtain an average coherence map of the first multi-primary image interference phase data set; determining at least one unwrapping reference point that meets preset conditions based on the average coherence map, so as to phase unwrap the interference pattern according to the at least one unwrapping reference point to obtain a differential interference fringe pattern; and reconstructing the sampling history according to the center position of the differential interference fringe pattern.

[0059] In some embodiments, in combination Figure 2As shown, the embodiment of the present application can calculate the baseline file and establish the interference data set of multiple main images based on the obtained registered SAR image data set and the principle of multiple main images, and perform multi-view processing in the interference pattern generation process to improve coherence. Among them, according to the date of image acquisition, each image and the seven images of the subsequent date respectively generate interference patterns, that is, 25 SAR images can generate (25-4)×7-1=146 pairs of interference patterns. Furthermore, the average coherence map of the multi-main image interference pattern set is generated, and the unwrapping reference point that is closer to the research mining area, has higher coherence, and has a flatter terrain can be selected, so that the minimum cost flow method can be used to perform phase unwrapping of the interference pattern to obtain the differential interference fringe pattern, so as to invert the mining history according to the center position of the differential interference fringe pattern.

[0060] The embodiment of the present application performs phase unwrapping on the interference pattern and finally obtains a differential interference fringe pattern. It can effectively select a region with high coherence as an unwrapping reference point, ensure the accuracy of phase unwrapping, reduce the cumulative error in the unwrapping process, and help improve the reliability and accuracy of the differential interference fringe pattern.

[0061] In step S103, the differential interference patterns are stacked to obtain an average velocity map of the surface deformation caused by mining, so as to define the range of the surface deformation caused by mining according to the average velocity map.

[0062] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the differential interference patterns are stacked to obtain an average rate map of surface deformation caused by mining, including: stacking the differential interference patterns to obtain a first differential interference pattern set, and estimating and removing the quadratic phase change rate from the first differential interference pattern set to obtain a second differential interference pattern set; calculating the phase change rate, the standard deviation of the phase change rate, and the standard deviation of the residual phase for each pixel point in the second differential interference pattern set, and based on the phase change rate, the standard deviation of the phase change rate, and the standard deviation of the residual phase for each pixel point, performing linear regression on the atmospheric components related to the elevation to obtain the atmospheric phase delay, and using a large window to filter out the atmospheric phase delay to obtain the target differential interference pattern set; generating a phase unwrapped mask based on the intensity and coherence of the pixel points in the target differential interference pattern set, and determining the target measurement point based on the mask map to obtain the average rate map of surface deformation caused by mining based on the target measurement point.

[0063] Specifically, combined Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the embodiment of the present application can stack the generated 146 pairs of differential interferograms, estimate and remove the secondary phase change rate from the differential interferogram set, and calculate the phase change rate, the standard deviation of the phase change rate, and the standard deviation of the residual phase, and then perform linear regression on the atmospheric components related to the elevation, use a large window to filter out the atmospheric phase, and generate a phase unwrapped mask based on intensity and coherence, retain the measurement points with higher coherence, and obtain the following Figure 5 The average rate diagram of mining-induced surface deformation is shown in Figure 1, where the average rate of mining-induced surface deformation (V mean ) can be obtained through formula (1), so the scope of surface deformation affected by mining can be preliminarily delineated based on the average velocity diagram of surface deformation.

[0064] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the expression of the average velocity diagram of mining-induced surface deformation is:

[0065]

[0066] Among them, V mean is the average rate of surface deformation, φ i is the unwrapped phase of N interferograms, ΔT i is the time interval.

[0067] In addition, the average rate of surface deformation (V mean ) can be obtained by the unwrapping phase (φ) of N interferograms. i ) and the time interval between SAR data acquisition (ΔT i ) is calculated, where N = 146, φ i represents the unwrapped phase of the interferogram, the time interval ΔT of SAR data acquisition i The interval time between the two images required to generate the interference pattern.

[0068] The embodiment of the present application stacks the differential interferograms to eliminate or reduce the impact of atmospheric delays and other non-permanent changes on the interferograms, which helps to reduce noise and thus improve the accuracy of monitoring surface deformation. The average velocity map can be used to determine the areas where surface deformation is most significant, that is, the areas directly affected by coal mining activities, which is conducive to the rational allocation of resources and helps to assess potential geological disaster risks, plan mining operations, and formulate restoration measures.

[0069] In step S104, a single main image differential interferometer phase data set and a second multi-main image interferometer phase data set are generated based on the SAR image data set, and a coupled image interferometer phase data set is established based on the single main image differential interferometer phase data set and the second multi-main image interferometer phase data set, so as to analyze the coupled image interferometer phase data set and obtain the time series deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf.

[0070] In the actual implementation process, combined with Figure 2As shown, the embodiment of the present application can select permanent scatterers in the study area based on the obtained registered SAR image dataset, select the main image based on the spatiotemporal baseline, and establish a single main image differential interferometric phase dataset. Furthermore, based on the obtained registered SAR image dataset and in accordance with the short baseline and multiple main image principles, the baseline file can be calculated and an interferometric dataset of multiple main images can be established, that is, a second multiple main image interferometric phase dataset.

[0071] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the second multi-primary image interferometric phase data set is (n-2)×3(n-2)*3 pairs of interference patterns generated by n SAR images, where n is a positive integer.

[0072] Specifically, the interferometric phase data set of multiple primary images is as follows: according to the date when the image is acquired, an interferogram is generated between each image and the three images of the subsequent dates, that is, n SAR images can generate (n-2) × 3 pairs of interferograms, and the influence of temporal and spatial decoherence is controlled by setting the temporal and spatial baseline thresholds.

[0073] In addition, multi-view processing can be performed during the interferogram generation process to improve coherence, that is, to prepare for the subsequent extraction of multiple viewpoints, where the multi-view parameters are determined by the specific size of the study area. Thus, the single and multiple main image differential interferogram phases are converted into vector data format for compatibility processing, and the two differential interferograms are converted into real and imaginary parts and superimposed respectively, and converted into complex format, so that a coupled image interferogram phase data set can be established.

[0074] The embodiment of the present application generates a single main image differential interferometric phase data set and a second multi-main image interferometric phase data set based on the SAR image data set, and further establishes a coupled image interferometric phase data set, which can significantly improve the density of monitoring points, make the monitoring results more precise, improve data compatibility, and enhance monitoring flexibility. Among them, the multi-main image method reduces phase noise through multi-view processing, enhances the monitoring capability of rapid or non-uniform surface movement, and effectively improves monitoring accuracy. The coupling of a single main image differential interferometric phase data set and a multi-main image interferometric phase data set makes it possible to measure surface deformation at millimeter-level accuracy, effectively improving monitoring accuracy.

[0075] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, a coupled image interference phase dataset is established based on a single main image differential interference phase dataset and a second multi-main image interference phase dataset, including: selecting a permanent scatterer based on the SAR image dataset, and selecting a main image based on the spatiotemporal baseline principle to combine the permanent scatterer and the main image to establish a single main image differential interference phase dataset; calculating a baseline file based on the SAR image dataset, and based on the baseline file, establishing a second multi-main image interference phase dataset using the short baseline principle and the multi-main image principle; performing compatibility processing on the single main image differential interference phase dataset and the second multi-main image interference phase dataset, and converting each pixel value in the single main image differential interference phase dataset and the second multi-main image interference phase dataset into a corresponding complex value, so as to superimpose the complex values ​​at corresponding positions to obtain a coupled image interference phase dataset.

[0076] Specifically, the embodiment of the present application can select permanent scatterers in the study area based on the obtained registered SAR image data set, select the main image according to the spatiotemporal baseline, and establish a single main image differential interferometric phase data set, where: Figure 6 As shown, the embodiment of the present application has a total of 25 SAR images. By selecting the image on December 4, 2024 as the main image and the remaining images as slave images, 24 differential interference pairs can be constructed.

[0077] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application can calculate the baseline file and establish the interference dataset of multiple main images based on the obtained registered SAR image dataset according to the principle of short baseline and multiple main images. The specific method can be as follows: according to the date of image acquisition, each image and three images of the subsequent date generate interference patterns respectively, that is, 25 SAR images can generate (25-2)×3=69 pairs of interference patterns, and the influence of time and space decoherence is controlled by setting the time and space baseline threshold; the schematic diagram of the time and space baseline of the multi-main image differential interference is as follows: Figure 7 As shown; multi-view processing is performed during the interference pattern generation process to improve coherence. The multi-view parameter is determined by the specific size of the study area, and the multi-view parameter is 5:1.

[0078] In addition, the embodiment of the present application can convert the single and multiple main image differential interference phase into vector data format for compatibility processing, convert the two differential interference patterns into real and imaginary parts and superimpose them respectively, convert them into complex format, and establish a coupled image interference phase data set. Among them, the number of monitoring points obtained based on the single main image differential interference phase is 8799, and the number of monitoring points obtained based on the multi-main image differential interference phase is 100834. The schematic diagram of the high-density and high-spatial coverage monitoring points obtained by the coupled interference phase is as follows: Figure 8 shown.

[0079] The embodiment of the present application couples a multi-primary image method to increase the spatial coverage of monitoring points based on the extraction of permanent scatterers from a single primary image. The multi-primary image method can effectively reduce the phase noise in the interference pattern through a multi-view method, and can monitor rapid and non-uniform surface movements and large-scale surface monitoring.

[0080] In step S105, the measurement result of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of the coal mine is obtained by combining the mining history, the scope of the surface deformation affected by mining and the time series deformation data.

[0081] Specifically, combined Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application can perform reference point selection in the main image that only contains permanent scatterers, wherein the reference point selection can comprehensively consider the characteristics of being close to the middle of the study area in the spatial domain, being stable, and having a high density of permanent scatterers. In the embodiment of the present application, stability and having a high density of permanent scatterers are mainly considered, and then, through continuous iterations of time series calculations, the model parameters are corrected step by step from coarse to fine, and non-interested coherent points are eliminated, and only coherent target points with stable scattering characteristics are subjected to interference processing and time series inversion analysis.

[0082] In addition, the multi-master image interferometric phase data set is used to separate phase components such as elevation and atmospheric error, and the phase unwrapping error is removed by spatial filtering, so that a correctly unwrapped multi-master image phase set can be formed. Furthermore, the single master image time series unwrapping phase is converted to separate the atmospheric phase, and the time coupled single-multi-master image interferometric time series analysis is obtained to obtain the millimeter-level deformation data of the surface impact boundary of the goaf area, and realize the high-precision measurement of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf area of ​​the coal mine. Fig. 9 The time series deformation diagram of the high-precision measurement points at the boundary of the coal mine goaf subsidence basin is shown in the figure. The time when the subsidence starts can be identified based on the millimeter-level high-precision time series deformation measurement results. Figure 3 The boundary of the subsidence basin began to deform in August 2020. As mining progressed, the surface deformation gradually accumulated, showing a deformation law close to an "S" curve.

[0083] The embodiment of the present application obtains the deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine by combining the range of surface deformation affected by mining and the coupled image interference phase data set. By obtaining the millimeter-level deformation data of the boundary affected by the surface of the goaf and coupling the advantages of PSI and SBAS, more high-coherence monitoring points can be obtained, thereby greatly improving the density of monitoring points and the level of refinement of monitoring results. The higher the density of monitoring points, the more accurate the estimation of different phase component signals in the interference pattern, thereby achieving centimeter-level measurement and delineation accuracy of the subsidence basin range and high-precision measurement of millimeter-level time series deformation of the boundary of the subsidence basin.

[0084] According to the measurement method of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the synthetic aperture radar SAR image data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine can be obtained to generate a registered SAR image data set, and then a first multi-main image interference phase data set can be established, the mining history can be inverted according to the center position of the differential interference fringe pattern, and the differential interference pattern can be stacked to obtain an average rate map of surface deformation affected by mining, so as to delineate the range of surface deformation affected by mining, thereby generating a single main image differential interference phase data set and a second multi-main image interference phase data set to establish a coupled image interference phase data set, and interference processing and time series inversion analysis can be performed on coherent target points with stable scattering characteristics to obtain deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine, which can effectively improve the density and spatial coverage of monitoring points, help to obtain time series deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine, and achieve millimeter-level high-precision measurement. This solves the problems in related technologies, such as DInSAR may be affected by factors such as spatiotemporal incoherence, atmospheric delay, DEM error, etc., which limits the accuracy of surface deformation monitoring in mining areas; and PS-InSAR and SBAS-InSAR find it difficult to obtain a sufficient number of monitoring point targets, which may make it impossible to achieve high-precision measurement of the boundaries of subsidence basins in coal mine goaf areas.

[0085] Next, a device for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area proposed in accordance with an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0086] Fig.10 It is a block diagram of a device for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0087] like Fig.10 As shown, the device 10 for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf includes: an acquisition module 100 , a construction module 200 , a processing module 300 , a generation module 400 and a measurement module 500 .

[0088] Specifically, the acquisition module 100 is used to acquire synthetic aperture radar SAR image data covering the subsidence basin of the coal mine goaf, and pre-process the SAR image data to generate a registered SAR image data set;

[0089] A construction module 200 is used to establish a first multi-primary image interferometric phase data set based on the SAR image data set to obtain a differential interferogram corresponding to the first multi-primary image interferometric phase data set, and reconstruct the mining history according to the differential interferogram;

[0090] The processing module 300 is used to stack the differential interference patterns to obtain an average velocity map of the ground surface deformation caused by mining, so as to delineate the range of the ground surface deformation caused by mining according to the average velocity map;

[0091] A generating module 400 is used to generate a single main image differential interferometric phase data set and a second multi-main image interferometric phase data set based on the SAR image data set, and to establish a coupled image interferometric phase data set based on the single main image differential interferometric phase data set and the second multi-main image interferometric phase data set, so as to analyze the coupled image interferometric phase data set to obtain the time series deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area;

[0092] The measurement module 500 is used to obtain the measurement result of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area by combining the mining history, the scope of surface deformation affected by mining and the time series deformation data.

[0093] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the construction module 200 includes: a first processing unit, a first generating unit and a reconstruction unit.

[0094] The first processing unit is used to process the first multi-main image interference phase data set to obtain an average coherence map of the first multi-main image interference phase data set;

[0095] A first generating unit is used to determine at least one unwrapping reference point that meets a preset condition based on the average coherence map, so as to perform phase unwrapping on the interference map according to the at least one unwrapping reference point to obtain a differential interference fringe map;

[0096] The reconstruction unit is used to reconstruct the mining history according to the center position of the differential interference fringe pattern.

[0097] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the first multi-primary image interferometric phase data set is (n-4)×7-1 pairs of interference patterns generated by n SAR images, where n is a positive integer.

[0098] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the processing module 300 includes: a second processing unit, a calculation unit and a second generation unit.

[0099] The second processing unit is used to stack the differential interference patterns to obtain a first differential interference pattern set, and estimate and remove the quadratic phase change rate from the first differential interference pattern set to obtain a second differential interference pattern set;

[0100] A calculation unit is used to calculate the phase change rate, the standard deviation of the phase change rate and the standard deviation of the residual phase of each pixel point in the second differential interferogram, and based on the phase change rate, the standard deviation of the phase change rate and the standard deviation of the residual phase of each pixel point, linear regression is performed on the atmospheric components related to the elevation to obtain the atmospheric phase delay, and the atmospheric phase delay is filtered out using a large window to obtain the target differential interferogram;

[0101] The second generating unit is used to generate a phase unwrapped mask image based on the intensity and coherence of the pixel points in the target differential interference image set, and determine the target measurement point based on the mask image to obtain an average rate map of surface deformation caused by mining based on the target measurement point.

[0102] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the expression of the average velocity diagram of mining-induced surface deformation is:

[0103]

[0104] Among them, V mean is the average rate of surface deformation, φ i is the unwrapped phase of N interferograms, ΔT i For the time interval.

[0105] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the generating module 400 includes: a first building unit, a second building unit and a third processing unit.

[0106] The first construction unit is used to select a permanent scatterer based on the SAR image data set, and select a main image according to the spatiotemporal baseline principle, so as to combine the permanent scatterer and the main image to establish a single main image differential interferometric phase data set;

[0107] The second construction unit is used to calculate the baseline file according to the SAR image data set, and based on the baseline file, use the short baseline principle and the multi-main image principle to establish a second multi-main image interferometric phase data set;

[0108] The third processing unit is used to perform compatibility processing on the single main image differential interference phase data set and the second multi-main image interference phase data set, and convert each pixel value in the single main image differential interference phase data set and the second multi-main image interference phase data set into a corresponding complex value, so as to superimpose the complex values ​​at corresponding positions to obtain a coupled image interference phase data set.

[0109] Optionally, in one embodiment of the present application, the second multi-primary image interferometric phase data set is (n-2)×3(n-2)*3 pairs of interference patterns generated by n SAR images, where n is a positive integer.

[0110] It should be noted that the aforementioned explanation of the embodiment of the method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area is also applicable to the device for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area of ​​this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0111] According to the measuring device for the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine proposed in the embodiment of the present application, the synthetic aperture radar SAR image data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine can be obtained to generate a registered SAR image data set, and then a first multi-main image interference phase data set can be established. The mining history can be inverted according to the center position of the differential interference fringe pattern, and the differential interference pattern can be stacked to obtain an average rate map of surface deformation affected by mining, so as to delineate the range of surface deformation affected by mining, thereby generating a single main image differential interference phase data set and a second multi-main image interference phase data set to establish a coupled image interference phase data set, perform interference processing and time series inversion analysis on coherent target points with stable scattering characteristics, and obtain deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine, which can effectively improve the density and spatial coverage of monitoring points, help to obtain time series deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of a coal mine, and achieve millimeter-level high-precision measurement. This solves the problems in related technologies, such as DInSAR may be affected by factors such as spatiotemporal incoherence, atmospheric delay, DEM error, etc., which limits the accuracy of surface deformation monitoring in mining areas; and PS-InSAR and SBAS-InSAR find it difficult to obtain a sufficient number of monitoring point targets, which may make it impossible to achieve high-precision measurement of the boundaries of subsidence basins in coal mine goaf areas.

[0112] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device may include:

[0113] A memory 1101 , a processor 1102 , and a computer program stored in the memory 1101 and executable on the processor 1102 .

[0114] When the processor 1102 executes the program, the method for measuring the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf provided in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0115] Furthermore, the electronic device further comprises:

[0116] The communication interface 1103 is used for communication between the memory 1101 and the processor 1102 .

[0117] The memory 1101 is used to store computer programs that can be executed on the processor 1102 .

[0118] The memory 1101 may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0119] If the memory 1101, the processor 1102 and the communication interface 1103 are implemented independently, the communication interface 1103, the memory 1101 and the processor 1102 can be connected to each other through a bus and communicate with each other. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Fig.11 Only one thick line is used in the diagram, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0120] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 1101, the processor 1102 and the communication interface 1103 are integrated on a chip, the memory 1101, the processor 1102 and the communication interface 1103 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0121] The processor 1102 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application.

[0122] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf area.

[0123] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which can run computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, the above-mentioned method for measuring the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf is implemented.

[0124] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or N embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0125] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0126] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, fragment or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing the steps of a custom logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by technicians in the technical field to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0127] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as an ordered list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus (such as a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch instructions from an instruction execution system, device or apparatus and execute instructions), or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. For the purpose of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate or transmit a program for use by an instruction execution system, device or apparatus, or in combination with these instruction execution systems, devices or apparatuses. More specific examples of computer-readable media (a non-exhaustive list) include the following: an electrical connection with one or N wirings (electronic devices), a portable computer disk box (magnetic device), a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), a fiber optic device, and a portable compact disk read-only memory (CDROM). In addition, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing in other suitable ways as necessary and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0128] It should be understood that the various parts of the present application can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above embodiment, the N steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one or a combination of multiple of the following technologies known in the art: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0129] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0130] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0131] The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc. Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limiting the present application. A person of ordinary skill in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Acquire synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image data covering a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf, and preprocess the SAR image data to generate a registered SAR image data set; Establishing a first multi-primary image interference phase data set based on the SAR image data set to obtain a differential interference graph corresponding to the first multi-primary image interference phase data set, and reconstructing the mining history according to the differential interference graph; The differential interference patterns are stacked to obtain an average velocity map of ground deformation caused by mining, so as to delineate the range of ground deformation caused by mining according to the average velocity map; Generate a single main image differential interferometry phase data set and a second multi-main image interferometry phase data set based on the SAR image data set, and establish a coupled image interferometry phase data set based on the single main image differential interferometry phase data set and the second multi-main image interferometry phase data set, so as to analyze the coupled image interferometry phase data set to obtain time series deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area; The measurement result of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the goaf of the coal mine is obtained by combining the mining history, the scope of the surface deformation affected by the mining and the time series deformation data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The reconstructing the mining history according to the differential interference pattern comprises: Processing the first plurality of main image interference phase data sets to obtain an average coherence map of the first plurality of main image interference phase data sets; Determine at least one unwrapping reference point that meets a preset condition based on the average coherence graph, so as to perform phase unwrapping on the interference graph according to the at least one unwrapping reference point to obtain a differential interference fringe graph; The mining history is reconstructed according to the center position of the differential interference fringe pattern.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The first multi-primary image interferometric phase data set is (n-4)×7-1 pairs of interferograms generated by n SAR images, where n is a positive integer.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stacking process of the differential interference graph to obtain an average velocity graph of surface deformation caused by mining includes: Performing stacking processing on the differential interference patterns to obtain a first differential interference pattern set, and estimating and removing the quadratic phase change rate from the first differential interference pattern set to obtain a second differential interference pattern set; Calculating the phase change rate, the standard deviation of the phase change rate, and the standard deviation of the residual phase for each pixel in the second differential interferogram, and performing linear regression on the atmospheric components related to the elevation based on the phase change rate, the standard deviation of the phase change rate, and the standard deviation of the residual phase for each pixel to obtain the atmospheric phase delay, and using a large window to filter out the atmospheric phase delay to obtain the target differential interferogram; Based on the intensity and coherence of the pixel points in the target differential interference pattern set, a phase unwrapped mask image is generated, and the target measurement point is determined based on the mask image to obtain the average rate map of the surface deformation affected by the mining based on the target measurement point.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The expression of the average velocity diagram of the mining-induced surface deformation is: Among them, V mean is the average rate of surface deformation, φ i is the unwrapped phase of N interferograms, ΔT i is the time interval.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of establishing a coupled image interference phase dataset based on the single main image differential interference phase dataset and the second multi-main image interference phase dataset comprises: Selecting a permanent scatterer based on the SAR image data set, and selecting a main image according to a spatiotemporal baseline principle, so as to combine the permanent scatterer and the main image to establish the single main image differential interferometry phase data set; Calculating a baseline file according to the SAR image data set, and establishing the second multi-main image interferometric phase data set based on the baseline file by using a short baseline principle and a multi-main image principle; The single main image differential interference phase data set and the second multiple main image interference phase data set are processed for compatibility, and each pixel value in the single main image differential interference phase data set and the second multiple main image interference phase data set is converted into a corresponding complex value, so as to superimpose the complex values ​​at corresponding positions to obtain the coupled image interference phase data set.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The second multi-primary image interferometric phase data set is (n-2)×3(n-2)*3 pairs of interferograms generated by n SAR images, where n is a positive integer.

8. A device for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf, characterized in that: include: An acquisition module is used to acquire synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image data covering the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf, and pre-process the SAR image data to generate a registered SAR image data set; A construction module, used to establish a first multi-main image interference phase data set based on the SAR image data set to obtain a differential interference graph corresponding to the first multi-main image interference phase data set, and reconstruct the mining history according to the differential interference graph; A processing module, used for stacking the differential interference patterns to obtain an average velocity map of ground surface deformation caused by mining, so as to delineate the scope of ground surface deformation caused by mining according to the average velocity map; A generating module, used to generate a single main image differential interference phase data set and a second multi-main image interference phase data set based on the SAR image data set, and to establish a coupled image interference phase data set based on the single main image differential interference phase data set and the second multi-main image interference phase data set, so as to analyze the coupled image interference phase data set to obtain the time series deformation data of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf; The measurement module is used to obtain the measurement result of the boundary of the subsidence basin in the coal mine goaf area by combining the mining history, the scope of the surface deformation affected by the mining and the time series deformation data.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: The program is executed by a processor to implement the method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

11. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that The computer program is executed to implement the method for measuring the boundary of a subsidence basin in a coal mine goaf as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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