Medical and nursing combined building fire-fighting evacuation and refuge system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a medical and nursing combined building fire-fighting evacuation and refuge system. The system comprises a different-action-ability partition arrangement modeling module used for performing partition arrangement on a building according to action ability and cognitive ability of living people; the emergency exit and refuge room position setting module is used for setting the positions of an emergency exit and a refuge room according to a partition arrangement result; the medical and nursing combined building fire-fighting evacuation and refuge method is suitable for any one of the refuge systems and comprises the following steps: S1, building zoning and safe arrangement; s2, evacuation path planning and dynamic adjustment; s3, fire monitoring and personalized evacuation indication; and S4, using an auxiliary evacuation strategy and equipment. Through classification modeling of different crowds and dynamic adjustment of the width of the evacuation channel, the residence time of people in a fire can be effectively shortened, and the size and configuration of the refuge room can be adjusted according to actual conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fire evacuation, refuge and rescue, and in particular to a fire evacuation and refuge system and method for a medical and nursing integrated building. Background Art

[0002] Residents in medical and nursing buildings usually have different mobility and cognitive abilities. Such buildings must not only meet the evacuation needs of ordinary residents, but also must take into account the needs of special groups such as the elderly, people with limited mobility, and people with cognitive impairments. Existing technologies often lack targeted planning and detailed implementation plans when designing fire evacuation systems for these buildings. For example, traditional systems may not be able to dynamically adjust the width of evacuation passages, nor can they plan and optimize evacuation routes in real time to meet the actual needs of different groups of people. In addition, when responding to emergencies such as fires, existing systems have failed to fully consider how to improve overall evacuation efficiency and safety by dynamically adjusting and optimizing the configuration of shelters. This lack of flexibility and detailed design makes it difficult to effectively guarantee the safety of special groups in emergency situations.

[0003] At present, the existing fire evacuation systems are mostly focused on the structural design and fire alarm mechanism of buildings, but usually ignore the differences in the mobility and cognitive abilities of different groups of people. These traditional systems often adopt a unified evacuation path and channel design, and fail to optimize according to the needs of specific groups of people. Especially in medical and nursing buildings, this one-size-fits-all design cannot effectively solve the different needs of self-care, assisted, and nursing people in fire situations, resulting in inefficiency and safety hazards in the evacuation process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned existing fire evacuation and refuge systems and methods for medical and nursing integrated buildings, the present invention is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a fire evacuation and refuge system and method for medical and nursing integrated buildings, which is suitable for solving the problem of inefficiency and safety hazards in the evacuation process caused by the inability to effectively meet the different needs of self-care, assisted and cared-for people in fire situations.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a fire evacuation and refuge system for a medical and nursing building, comprising:

[0008] Different mobility zoning modeling module: used to zone buildings according to the mobility and cognitive abilities of the residents;

[0009] Safety exit and refuge room location setting module: used to set the location of safety exit and refuge room according to the results of partition layout;

[0010] Evacuation corridor width calculation module: used to dynamically calculate and adjust the width of the evacuation corridor through adjustable guardrails or partitions based on the number of people and mobility capabilities monitored in real time to meet the evacuation needs of different groups of people;

[0011] Fire awareness module for buildings with different cognitive abilities: used to monitor fire conditions in buildings and provide personalized fire warnings and evacuation instructions based on the cognitive abilities of people;

[0012] The natural smoke exhaust windows of the living rooms and evacuation corridors are automatically opened by the fire sensing module: it is used to automatically open the smoke exhaust windows when a fire occurs to optimize the ventilation of the evacuation corridor.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing combined buildings of the present invention, the refuge system further comprises:

[0014] Evacuation route pre-planning module: used to pre-plan the optimal evacuation route based on the building layout and personnel distribution before a fire occurs, using an intelligent evacuation path algorithm;

[0015] Auxiliary evacuation personnel return route module: used to dynamically plan the return route for auxiliary evacuees during the evacuation process through the segmented evacuation indication module and the intelligent evacuation guidance algorithm, ensuring the rapid and safe evacuation of people in need of help;

[0016] Auxiliary personnel evacuation elevator application planning module: used to dynamically plan the use strategy of auxiliary evacuation elevators through intelligent algorithms based on real-time fire conditions and personnel data, and give priority to providing evacuation support for people with limited or restricted mobility.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing combined buildings of the present invention, the refuge system further comprises:

[0018] Shelter room personnel category and quantity planning module: It is used to dynamically adjust the size and configuration of the shelter room based on the real-time monitored personnel data and use the shelter room management algorithm to ensure that the shelter needs of different groups of people are met;

[0019] The emergency intelligent command module is used to adjust the evacuation strategy in real time in fire emergencies based on the intelligent evacuation guidance algorithm through data cloud and on-site sensor data, and guide people to evacuate along the optimal route through audio and visual signals.

[0020] As a preferred solution of the fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing buildings described in the present invention, the refuge system also includes a data cloud module, which is used to collect and analyze real-time data of various modules in the building, and provide real-time evacuation guidance and optimization suggestions through cloud computing.

[0021] As a preferred solution of the fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing buildings described in the present invention, the intelligent evacuation path algorithm formula is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Where S is the path score, which indicates the evacuation path score from the starting point to the end point; N is the total number of people, which indicates the number of all people in the building and is used to calculate the path score of each group of people; D ij is the distance, which indicates the evacuation distance from the starting position i to the target position j. The longer the distance, the higher the difficulty and time cost of evacuation. i A is the action ability coefficient, which indicates the action ability of the i-th group of people, and its value range is 0≤A i ≤1, the higher the mobility, the higher the evacuation efficiency, and the lower the path score; C i is the cognitive ability coefficient, which represents the cognitive ability of the i-th group of people; E i is the fire severity index, indicating the severity of the fire at location i; W ij is the width of the evacuation corridor, which represents the width of the evacuation corridor from position i to position j; ∈ is a small positive number to prevent division by zero.

[0024] As a preferred solution of the fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing combined buildings described in the present invention, wherein:

[0025] The A i The range of the value is 0≤A i ≤1;

[0026] When A i =0, the corresponding group is the group that cannot move;

[0027] When 0<A i When <1, the corresponding group is the group that can move with the help of outsiders;

[0028] When A i =1, the corresponding group is the group that can move freely without the assistance of outsiders;

[0029] The C i The range of the value is 0≤C i ≤1;

[0030] When C i =0, the corresponding population is a population with no cognitive ability at all;

[0031] When 0<C i When <1, the corresponding population is people with certain cognitive abilities;

[0032] When C i =1, the corresponding population is the population with complete independent self-awareness ability;

[0033] The output result of the intelligent evacuation path algorithm formula is used to evaluate the quality of the path as an evacuation route.

[0034] As a preferred solution of the fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing buildings described in the present invention, the refuge room management algorithm formula is as follows:

[0035]

[0036] Among them, R is the optimization score of the shelter, which indicates the overall adaptability of the configuration of the shelter relative to all people; N is the total number of people, which indicates the number of all people in the building; α i is the action ability coefficient of group i, reflecting the action ability of group i, and its value range is 0≤α i ≤1; β i is the cognitive ability coefficient of population i, reflecting the cognitive ability of population i, and its value range is 0≤β i ≤1;P i is the number of people in group i, which refers to the number of people in group i in the shelter; Q i is the evacuation demand weight of group i, which is dynamically adjusted according to the special needs of group i; γ i is the evacuation distance coefficient of group i, reflecting the impact of the evacuation distance of group i on the choice of shelter; D i is the average evacuation distance of crowd i, indicating the average evacuation distance from the crowd position to the refuge room; δ is the fire impact coefficient; F is the severity of the fire; λ is the location coefficient; E is the environmental safety factor, reflecting the safety status of the current environment, and W is the width of the evacuation corridor;

[0037] In the output of the shelter management algorithm formula, the minimum optimization score of the shelter is set as the threshold R min ;

[0038] When R < R min ,It is necessary to readjust the configuration of the shelter, increase or decrease the size of the shelter or change its location;

[0039] When R ≥ R min , indicating that the current configuration of the shelter is reasonable and no further adjustment is needed.

[0040] The fire evacuation method for a medical and nursing building is applicable to any of the above evacuation systems, and the evacuation method includes the following steps:

[0041] S1: Building zoning and safety arrangements;

[0042] S2: Evacuation route planning and dynamic adjustment;

[0043] S3: Fire monitoring and personalized evacuation instructions;

[0044] S4: auxiliary evacuation strategies and equipment use;

[0045] S5: Emergency command and shelter management.

[0046] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0047] By modeling different groups of people and dynamically adjusting the width of evacuation passages, the present invention can effectively reduce the time people stay in a fire, prevent evacuation delays and safety hazards caused by narrow passages or improper configuration, and use intelligent algorithms to optimize and dynamically adjust evacuation routes in real time, so that in fires or other emergencies, the system can quickly adapt to changing site conditions and personnel needs, thereby improving the flexibility and effectiveness of emergency response; for self-care, assisted and cared-for groups, the system can provide the most suitable evacuation routes, shelter settings and auxiliary facilities respectively, to ensure that every resident can get appropriate help when a fire occurs;

[0048] Through real-time monitoring and intelligent management, the size and configuration of the shelter can be adjusted according to actual conditions to ensure that the shelter needs of different groups of people can be met when a fire occurs. This flexible management method effectively avoids the waste or shortage of resources caused by fixed settings and improves the utilization efficiency of the shelter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. Among them:

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall framework of the fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing combined buildings proposed by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the steps of the fire evacuation and refuge method for medical and nursing integrated buildings proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0053] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0054] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0055] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0056] Example

[0057] Reference Figure 1-Figure 2 , which is an embodiment of the present invention, provides a fire evacuation and refuge system for a medical and nursing building, including:

[0058] Different mobility zoning modeling module: used to zone buildings according to the mobility and cognitive abilities of the residents;

[0059] Safety exit and refuge room location setting module: used to set the location of safety exit and refuge room according to the results of partition layout;

[0060] Evacuation corridor width calculation module: used to dynamically calculate and adjust the width of the evacuation corridor through adjustable guardrails or partitions based on the number of people and mobility capabilities monitored in real time to meet the evacuation needs of different groups of people;

[0061] Controlling fire awareness of people with different cognitive abilities at building sites: used to monitor fire conditions in buildings and provide personalized fire warnings and evacuation instructions based on people's cognitive abilities;

[0062] The natural smoke exhaust windows of the living rooms and evacuation corridors are automatically opened by the fire sensing module: it is used to automatically open the smoke exhaust windows when a fire occurs to optimize the ventilation of the evacuation corridor.

[0063] Evacuation route pre-planning module: used to pre-plan the optimal evacuation route based on the building layout and personnel distribution before a fire occurs, using an intelligent evacuation path algorithm;

[0064] Auxiliary evacuation personnel return route module: used to dynamically plan the return route for auxiliary evacuees during the evacuation process through the segmented evacuation indication module and the intelligent evacuation guidance algorithm, ensuring the rapid and safe evacuation of people in need of help;

[0065] Auxiliary personnel evacuation elevator application planning module: used to dynamically plan the use strategy of auxiliary evacuation elevators through intelligent algorithms based on real-time fire conditions and personnel data, and give priority to providing evacuation support for people with limited or restricted mobility.

[0066] Shelter room personnel category and quantity planning module: It is used to dynamically adjust the size and configuration of the shelter room based on the real-time monitored personnel data and use the shelter room management algorithm to ensure that the shelter needs of different groups of people are met;

[0067] The emergency intelligent command module is used to adjust the evacuation strategy in real time in fire emergencies based on the intelligent evacuation guidance algorithm through data cloud and on-site sensor data, and guide people to evacuate along the optimal route through audio and visual signals.

[0068] The data cloud module is used to collect and analyze real-time data from each module in the building, and provide real-time evacuation guidance and optimization suggestions through cloud computing.

[0069] The intelligent evacuation path algorithm formula is as follows:

[0070]

[0071] Where S is the path score, which indicates the evacuation path score from the starting point to the end point; N is the total number of people, which indicates the number of people in the building and is used to calculate the path score of each group of people; D ij is the distance, which indicates the evacuation distance from the starting position i to the target position j. The longer the distance, the higher the difficulty and time cost of evacuation. i A is the action ability coefficient, which indicates the action ability of the i-th group of people, and its value range is 0≤A i ≤1, the higher the mobility, the higher the evacuation efficiency, and the lower the path score; C i is the cognitive ability coefficient, which represents the cognitive ability of the i-th group of people; E i is the fire severity index, indicating the severity of the fire at location i; W ij is the width of the evacuation corridor, which represents the width of the evacuation corridor from position i to position j; ∈ is a small positive number to prevent division by zero.

[0072] Intelligent algorithms are used to optimize and dynamically adjust evacuation routes in real time, so that in the event of a fire or other emergency, the system can quickly adapt to changing site conditions and personnel needs, thereby improving the flexibility and effectiveness of emergency response; for self-care, assisted and cared-for groups, the system can provide the most suitable evacuation routes, shelter settings and auxiliary facilities respectively, ensuring that every resident can get appropriate help in the event of a fire;

[0073] A i The range of the value is 0≤A i ≤1;

[0074] When A i =0, the corresponding group is the group that cannot move;

[0075] When 0<A i When <1, the corresponding group is the group that can move with the help of outsiders;

[0076] When A i =1, the corresponding group is the group that can move freely without the assistance of outsiders;

[0077] C i The range of the value is 0≤C i ≤1;

[0078] When C i =0, the corresponding population is a population with no cognitive ability at all;

[0079] When 0<C i When <1, the corresponding population is people with certain cognitive abilities;

[0080] When C i =1, the corresponding population is the population with complete independent self-awareness ability;

[0081] By modeling the classification of different groups of people and dynamically adjusting the width of the evacuation passage, the present invention can effectively reduce the time people stay in a fire and prevent evacuation delays and safety hazards caused by narrow passages or improper configuration.

[0082] The output result of the intelligent evacuation path algorithm formula is used to evaluate the quality of the path as an evacuation route.

[0083] The formula of the shelter management algorithm is as follows:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, R is the optimization score of the shelter, which indicates the overall adaptability of the shelter configuration relative to the crowd; N is the total number of people, which indicates the number of people in the building; α iis the action ability coefficient of group i, reflecting the action ability of group i, and its value range is 0≤α i ≤1; β i is the cognitive ability coefficient of population i, reflecting the cognitive ability of population i, and its value range is 0≤β i ≤1;P i is the number of people in group i, which refers to the number of people in group i in the shelter; Q i is the evacuation demand weight of group i, which is dynamically adjusted according to the special needs of group i; γ i is the evacuation distance coefficient of group i, reflecting the impact of the evacuation distance of group i on the choice of shelter; D i is the average evacuation distance of crowd i, indicating the average evacuation distance from the crowd position to the refuge room; δ is the fire impact coefficient; F is the severity of the fire; λ is the location coefficient; E is the environmental safety factor, reflecting the safety status of the current environment, and W is the width of the evacuation corridor;

[0086] In the output of the shelter management algorithm formula, the minimum optimization score of the shelter is set as the threshold R min ;

[0087] When R < R min ,It is necessary to readjust the configuration of the shelter, increase or decrease the size of the shelter or change its location;

[0088] When R ≥ R min , indicating that the current configuration of the shelter is reasonable and no further adjustment is needed.

[0089] Through real-time monitoring and intelligent management, the size and configuration of the refuge room can be adjusted according to the actual situation to ensure that the refuge needs of different groups of people can be met when a fire occurs. This flexible management method effectively avoids the waste or shortage of resources caused by fixed settings and improves the utilization efficiency of the refuge room;

[0090] The integrated fire awareness and smoke exhaust control functions improve the overall fire protection level and reduce the difficulty of evacuation caused by smoke. The system can activate the smoke exhaust window in time, improve the air quality, and provide a safer evacuation environment for residents;

[0091] The fire evacuation method for medical and nursing buildings is applicable to any of the above evacuation systems, and the evacuation method includes the following steps:

[0092] S1: Building zoning and safety arrangements;

[0093] S2: Evacuation route planning and dynamic adjustment;

[0094] S3: Fire monitoring and personalized evacuation instructions;

[0095] S4: auxiliary evacuation strategies and equipment use;

[0096] S5: Emergency command and shelter management.

[0097] The present invention plans the location and number of living areas, safety exits, refuge rooms and auxiliary evacuation elevators according to the action and cognitive ability of the user groups during building design. After sensing the fire, the present invention can timely plan the stairs and elevator emergency evacuation routes of the site evacuation objects, the return routes and refuge routes of the auxiliary evacuees, and perform correction processing to obtain the dynamically adjusted evacuation routes for site evacuation, which solves the limitation that the current evacuation system does not target the action and cognitive ability of the evacuees and the evacuation effectiveness, so that the evacuation and refuge routes planned after the fire can adapt to the return efficiency of the auxiliary evacuees and the specific conditions of the site with different actions and cognitive abilities, improves the effectiveness of the evacuation and refuge design, and the ability and efficiency to deal with emergencies during the command and evacuation process. At the same time, the opening of the smoke exhaust window wins the evacuation time, thereby ensuring the safety of the evacuation of special groups in the medical and nursing integrated building, and is conducive to providing reliable evacuation paths and facilities for the escapees, and command and evacuation guarantees.

[0098] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing buildings is characterized by: include: Different mobility zoning modeling module: used to zone buildings according to the mobility and cognitive abilities of the residents; Safety exit and refuge room location setting module: used to set the location of safety exit and refuge room according to the results of partition layout; Evacuation corridor width calculation module: used to dynamically calculate and adjust the width of the evacuation corridor through adjustable guardrails or partitions based on the number of people and mobility capabilities monitored in real time to meet the evacuation needs of different groups of people; Fire awareness module for buildings with different cognitive abilities: used to monitor fire conditions in buildings and provide personalized fire warnings and evacuation instructions based on the cognitive abilities of people; The natural smoke exhaust windows of the living rooms and evacuation corridors are automatically opened by the fire sensing module: it is used to automatically open the smoke exhaust windows when a fire occurs to optimize the ventilation of the evacuation corridor.

2. The fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The refuge system also includes: Evacuation route pre-planning module: used to pre-plan the optimal evacuation route based on the building layout and personnel distribution before a fire occurs, using an intelligent evacuation path algorithm; Auxiliary evacuation personnel return route module: used to dynamically plan the return route for auxiliary evacuees during the evacuation process through the segmented evacuation indication module and the intelligent evacuation guidance algorithm, ensuring the rapid and safe evacuation of people in need of help; Auxiliary personnel evacuation elevator application planning module: used to dynamically plan the use strategy of auxiliary evacuation elevators through intelligent algorithms based on real-time fire conditions and personnel data, and give priority to providing evacuation support for people with limited or restricted mobility.

3. The fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing buildings according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The refuge system also includes: Shelter room personnel category and quantity planning module: It is used to dynamically adjust the size and configuration of the shelter room based on the real-time monitored personnel data and use the shelter room management algorithm to ensure that the shelter needs of different groups of people are met; The emergency intelligent command module is used to adjust the evacuation strategy in real time in fire emergencies based on the intelligent evacuation guidance algorithm through data cloud and on-site sensor data, and guide people to evacuate along the optimal route through audio and visual signals.

4. The fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The shelter system also includes a data cloud module, which is used to collect and analyze real-time data from various modules in the building and provide real-time evacuation guidance and optimization suggestions through cloud computing.

5. The fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The intelligent evacuation path algorithm formula is as follows: Where S is the path score, which indicates the evacuation path score from the starting point to the end point; N is the total number of people, which indicates the number of all people in the building and is used to calculate the path score of each group of people; D ij is the distance, which indicates the evacuation distance from the starting position i to the target position j. The longer the distance, the higher the difficulty and time cost of evacuation. i A is the action ability coefficient, which indicates the action ability of the i-th group of people, and its value range is 0≤A i ≤1, the higher the mobility, the higher the evacuation efficiency, and the lower the path score; C i is the cognitive ability coefficient, which represents the cognitive ability of the i-th group of people; E i is the fire severity index, indicating the severity of the fire at location i; W ij is the width of the evacuation corridor, which represents the width of the evacuation corridor from position i to position j; ∈ is a small positive number to prevent division by zero.

6. The fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing combined buildings according to claim 5 is characterized by: The A i The value range is 0≤A i ≤1; When A i =0, the corresponding group is the group that cannot move; When 0<A i When <1, the corresponding group is the group that can move with the help of outsiders; When A i =1, the corresponding group is the group that can move freely without the assistance of outsiders; The C i The range of the value is 0≤C i ≤1; When C i =0, the corresponding population is a population with no cognitive ability at all; When 0<C i When <1, the corresponding population is people with certain cognitive abilities; When C i =1, the corresponding population is the population with complete independent self-awareness ability; The output result of the intelligent evacuation path algorithm formula is used to evaluate the quality of the path as an evacuation route.

7. The fire evacuation and refuge system for medical and nursing buildings according to claim 1 is characterized by: The shelter management algorithm formula is as follows: Among them, R is the optimization score of the shelter, which indicates the overall adaptability of the configuration of the shelter relative to all people; N is the total number of people, which indicates the number of all people in the building; α i is the action ability coefficient of group i, reflecting the action ability of group i, and its value range is 0≤α i ≤1; β i is the cognitive ability coefficient of population i, reflecting the cognitive ability of population i, and its value range is 0≤β i ≤1;P i is the number of people in group i, which refers to the number of people in group i in the shelter; Q i is the evacuation demand weight of group i, which is dynamically adjusted according to the special needs of group i; γ i is the evacuation distance coefficient of group i, reflecting the impact of the evacuation distance of group i on the choice of shelter; D i is the average evacuation distance of crowd i, indicating the average evacuation distance from the crowd position to the refuge room; δ is the fire impact coefficient; F is the severity of the fire; λ is the location coefficient; E is the environmental safety factor, reflecting the safety status of the current environment, and W is the width of the evacuation corridor; In the output of the shelter management algorithm formula, the minimum optimization score of the shelter is set as the threshold R min ; When R < R min ,It is necessary to readjust the configuration of the shelter, increase or decrease the size of the shelter or change its location; When R ≥ R min , indicating that the current configuration of the shelter is reasonable and no further adjustment is needed.

8. A fire evacuation method for a medical and nursing building, the method being applicable to any one of the evacuation systems in claims 1 to 7 above, characterized in that: The evacuation method includes the following steps: S1: Building zoning and safety arrangements; S2: Evacuation route planning and dynamic adjustment; S3: Fire monitoring and personalized evacuation instructions; S4: auxiliary evacuation strategies and equipment use; S5: Emergency command and shelter management.

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