Energy internet distributed energy storage transaction method based on block chain

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy internet distributed energy storage transaction method based on a block chain, and the method comprises the steps: constructing a distributed energy storage transaction platform based on a block chain technology, and designing a distributed energy storage transaction process based on a smart contract; a dynamic energy storage transmission cost model considering the electrical distance is constructed, and nearby transaction of energy storage users is promoted; constructing a continuous two-stage transaction matching mechanism considering the dynamic energy storage transmission cost, and setting a self-adaptive quotation updating strategy considering the electrical distance; and performing network security check on the transaction order based on the node voltage sensitivity coefficient. According to the method, the problems of long transmission distance and low transaction efficiency of traditional energy storage can be solved; the energy internet distributed energy storage consumption rate is promoted, and safe operation of the power distribution network is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of distributed energy storage transactions, and in particular to a distributed energy storage transaction method for energy internet based on blockchain. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the rapid development of new energy technologies, the Energy Internet has gradually become a key way to achieve efficient energy utilization and optimal allocation. In the Energy Internet, the role of distributed energy storage systems as an important part of regulating grid load, improving energy utilization efficiency, and enhancing system stability is becoming increasingly prominent. However, the traditional electricity market trading model has disadvantages such as low operating efficiency and long transmission distance when dealing with small-scale, high-frequency distributed energy storage transactions, which limits the full utilization of distributed energy storage resources. Therefore, exploring a new distributed energy storage trading method has become an urgent problem to be solved in the Energy Internet industry.

[0003] In the prior art, the document [1]: "Decentralized and Privacy-Preserving Computation Scheme of Evaluation Indices of Shared Energy Storage Market for Renewable Energy Accommodation" (W. Qiu, X. Jiang, Z. Lin, et al. A Contract-Based, Decentralized and Privacy-Preserving Computation Scheme of Evaluation Indices of Shared Energy Storage Market for Renewable Energy Accommodation. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2023, 59(2): 2546-2562.) proposed a shared energy storage market indicator calculation scheme based on blockchain technology, which can accurately calculate the shared energy storage market evaluation indicators, but did not consider the energy storage transmission cost caused by electrical distance during energy trading.

[0004] Reference [2]: "Joint Interaction Between Distributed Power Trading and Distribution Network Operation Considering Dynamic Network Tariffs" (B Wang, WWu, T Zhang et al. Joint Interaction Between Distributed Power Trading and Distribution Network Operation Considering Dynamic Network Tariffs. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2023, 47(18): 91-100) designed a short-term access fee model to promote the utilization of new energy and increase trading enthusiasm. However, the construction of the access fee is more inclined to a unified pricing method, which is difficult to ensure the fairness of the energy storage trading market. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problem of long transmission distance and low transaction efficiency of traditional energy storage, the present invention proposes a distributed energy storage transaction method for energy internet based on blockchain. This method can solve the problem of long transmission distance and low transaction efficiency of traditional energy storage; promote the absorption rate of distributed energy storage in energy internet and ensure the safe operation of distribution network.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The distributed energy storage transaction method of energy internet based on blockchain includes the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Build a distributed energy storage trading platform based on blockchain technology, combine distributed energy storage in the energy internet with blockchain technology, and design a distributed energy storage trading process based on smart contracts;

[0009] Step 2: Construct a dynamic energy storage transmission fee model that takes electrical distance into account to encourage energy storage users to trade nearby;

[0010] Step 3: Construct a continuous two-stage transaction matching mechanism that takes into account dynamic energy storage transmission costs, and set an adaptive quotation update strategy that considers electrical distance to improve the transaction matching efficiency of energy storage users;

[0011] Step 4: Perform cyber security verification on transaction orders based on node voltage sensitivity coefficients (VSCs).

[0012] In step 1, the distributed energy storage trading platform is divided into two parts: an information layer and a physical layer;

[0013] The physical layer mainly consists of some hardware facilities of the energy internet, including smart meters, which are responsible for recording and storing distributed energy storage data. In the case of energy surplus or shortage, the smart meters transmit the information to the information layer, where blockchain nodes are connected in pairs and are responsible for buying or selling energy storage.

[0014] The information layer is divided into five layers: data layer, network layer, consensus layer, contract layer and application layer;

[0015] The data layer is responsible for the identity authentication of the microgrid before participating in the transaction, and records the detailed information of the block and the encryption mechanism used; the network layer ensures that the actual energy storage data of the distributed energy storage entity is transmitted in the blockchain network, based on the communication network of the energy Internet;

[0016] The consensus layer includes the equity fault tolerance mechanism and consensus mechanism;

[0017] The contract layer is responsible for executing smart contracts and other content to ensure that transactions are completed safely, transparently and efficiently;

[0018] The application layer provides different types of interfaces and applications for application scenarios of distributed energy storage transactions in the energy Internet.

[0019] Users with energy storage are the main transaction entities. They are connected to the Internet-based blockchain network through the smart meters at the physical layer and become blockchain nodes. Each blockchain node can save historical transaction information. In the information layer, the transaction entity performs identity authentication before the transaction. After the identity is confirmed to be valid, it enters the trading platform and completes the transaction matching through smart contracts to finally determine the transaction order. In the physical layer, after the transaction entity signs the transaction contract at the information layer, the energy storage delivery is carried out through the network architecture of the distribution network.

[0020] In step 1, the distributed energy storage transaction process based on the smart contract includes the following steps:

[0021] 1) Identity authentication stage: Users register on the trading platform and obtain the corresponding digital certificate C j,dig , which contains the IDname of user j j 、address j 、phone j 、Energy storage capacity to be auctioned j And power capacity P j Before participating in the transaction, users need to deposit a certain amount of deposit G in their account. j Only then can they enter the trading platform, and if the user breaches the contract, it will be convenient to impose a monetary penalty on him.

[0022] C j,dig ={IDname j ,address j ,phone j ,E j ,P j ,G j}

[0023] In the above formula, IDname j Indicates name; address j Indicates address; phone j Indicates contact information;

[0024] 2) Transaction information reporting stage: Each user participating in the transaction reports the transaction order according to their own energy storage situation and participates in the transaction on the trading platform. The identity of the seller or buyer is then confirmed, and their own energy storage transaction volume and quotation are made public. After the trading platform confirms that the transaction information is valid, it will be saved to the blockchain node and will be responsible for broadcasting the transaction information to the entire blockchain network.

[0025] 3) Transaction information matching stage: During the matching process, the trading platform will publish the transaction information and match the two parties through a two-stage transaction matching mechanism; users with successful transaction matching will enter the next stage of the transaction process, and users who have not been successfully matched will adjust their transaction information for the next round of transactions. This process will be repeated until the two parties no longer adjust their quotes and the transaction is reached.

[0026] 4) Security verification stage: Based on the parameter information of the user's power network in the actual energy Internet, all transaction orders are security verified. The transaction orders that pass the security verification will enter the next round of transaction steps. The transaction orders that fail the security verification will be stopped by the trading platform, and the users need to adjust their trading strategies for a new round of transactions.

[0027] 5) Transaction settlement and clearing stage: After the transaction order is confirmed, the smart meter completes the energy storage transmission according to the transaction order, and feeds the transmitted power back to the smart contract for recording, and finally completes the transaction order.

[0028] In step 2, the present invention proposes a dynamic energy storage transmission cost model that is dynamically adjusted according to changes in factors such as transaction volume and electrical distance, which promotes the nearby consumption of energy storage while ensuring the safe operation of the distribution network; the details are as follows:

[0029] First, the Thevenin equivalent impedance method is used to calculate the electrical distance between the two parties of the transaction, and the electrical distance is written into the smart contract in the form of a matrix. The expression is:

[0030]

[0031] Where R is the electrical distance matrix between transaction nodes; r 11 Represents the electrical distance between node 1 and node 1; r 12 Represents the electrical distance between node 1 and node 2; r 1n Represents the electrical distance between node 1 and node n; r 21 Represents the electrical distance between node 2 and node 1; r 22 Represents the electrical distance between node 2 and node 2; r 2n Represents the electrical distance between node 2 and node n; r m1 Represents the electrical distance r between node m and node 1 m2 represents the electrical distance between node m and node 2; r mn Represents the electrical distance between node m and node n; m is the user node selling energy storage; n is the user node purchasing energy storage.

[0032] Among them, the calculation formula of the electrical distance of the transaction user node is as follows:

[0033] r mn =minz e,mn =|z mm +z nn -z mn -z nm |

[0034] In the formula, z e,mn is the Thevenin equivalent impedance between the energy selling node m and the energy purchasing node n; mn is the mth row and nth column element in the node impedance; z mm is the mth row and mth column element in the node impedance; z nn is the nth row and nth column element in the node impedance; z nm is the nth row and mth column element in the node impedance.

[0035] The calculation method of dynamic energy storage transmission fee is as follows:

[0036]

[0037] In the formula, C mn is the dynamic energy storage transmission fee between node m and node n participating in energy storage transaction; T is the transaction period; L is the total number of distribution network lines; is the long-term incremental cost of branch l at time t; is the line transmission cost of branch l at the tth moment; t represents the tth moment; l represents the lth branch.

[0038] Among them, the long-term incremental cost of the line The calculation model is as follows:

[0039]

[0040] △P l =k PTDF P mn

[0041] Where, D is the coefficient of equal time interval; c l is the expansion cost of branch l; is the expansion period of branch l when the annual load growth rate is p; Increase the flow increment △P for branch l l The number of years that can be expanded after the investment is completed; r is the discount rate; α is the investment recovery period; P l and P l,max are the transmission power and the maximum allowed transmission power of branch l respectively; k PTDF P is the change in the power flow of each branch when the unit active power is transmitted between the energy purchasing node n and the energy selling node m; mn is the transaction volume between energy purchasing node n and energy selling node m; △P l Indicates the flow increment.

[0042] Line transmission fee The calculation model is as follows:

[0043]

[0044] In the formula, λ l is the unit energy storage price per unit electrical distance; η d,t is the distribution network rate of return.

[0045] The step 3 comprises the following steps:

[0046] 1) The first stage matching process:

[0047] S3.1: When the electricity produced by the user meets the load demand of its own power grid and has stored electricity, △P MG,t >0,△P MG,t Indicates the remaining energy storage of the user, and its energy sales quotation strategy is:

[0048]

[0049] In the formula, is the initial bid of the energy selling node m at the tth moment; C grid,t P is the energy selling price of the distribution network at the tth moment; m,total,t is the total power capacity of the energy selling node m at the tth moment; C in,t It is the price of the grid-connected surplus electricity of participating nodes.

[0050] S3.2: When the electricity produced by the user cannot meet the load demand of its own power grid, △PMG,t ≤0, its energy purchase quotation strategy is as follows:

[0051]

[0052] In the formula, P is the initial quotation of the energy purchasing node n at the tth moment; n,total,t is the total electric energy capacity of energy purchasing node n at the tth moment; β is the preference parameter of energy purchasing node n for participating in the transaction.

[0053] S3.3: After the user determines his role and reports the quotation strategy, the trading platform divides the energy Internet into energy selling nodes m and energy purchasing nodes n. The energy selling node quotes C m,price ={C i,price |i∈m} are arranged in order from high to low, C i,price represents the price of the offer; i represents the i-th user; the energy purchasing node offer C n,price ={C i,price |i∈n} are arranged in order from low to high;

[0054] S3.4: The lowest bid among the energy selling nodes m The highest bid of energy purchasing node n Compare them, if they satisfy When the auction between energy selling node m and energy purchasing node n succeeds, the final transaction price between the two parties is C m,n As shown below:

[0055]

[0056] The transaction price at this time is higher than the minimum allowable transaction price of the energy selling node, and lower than the maximum allowable transaction price of the energy purchasing node, which is in line with the market operation rules and transaction intentions.

[0057] 2) The second stage matching process:

[0058] After the user completes the first stage of the auction process, the user who has not reached the transaction conditions needs to adjust the quoted price. The present invention sets an adaptive quotation update strategy, and the user who has not reached the transaction adaptively adjusts his own quotation strategy according to the electrical distance and the market transaction process. Among them, the adaptive aggressive value is set as the calculation basis for the re-price adjustment of the user who has not been successfully matched in the first stage. The specific calculation method is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] In the formula, μ j,x is the price adjustment willingness of transaction node j (j∈m∪n) in the xth round of transaction; j∈m∪n means that transaction node j belongs to the individual of energy selling node m and energy purchasing node n.

[0061] X j,max is the maximum expected transaction round; r mn,max is the maximum electrical distance between energy purchasing node n and energy selling node m; △c j,x+1 is the adaptive aggressive value; φ is the price adjustment coefficient; C j,x Provide quotations for the participants in the previous round; is the market transaction equilibrium price, which can be estimated by weighting the recent K transaction prices; ε k C is the kth transaction price k The weight in the equilibrium price; K represents the transaction number; μ j,x+1 Indicates the trading node's willingness to adjust the price in the x+1th round of trading.

[0062] Finally, the participants increase or decrease the adaptive aggressiveness value based on the previous round of quotations and continue matching with new quotations.

[0063] In step 4, considering the actual situation, direct clearing after the matching between users is completed may not meet the actual physical constraints of the distribution network. Therefore, the present invention uses the node voltage sensitivity coefficient to perform a safety check on each matched order. The specific formula is as follows:

[0064]

[0065] Where V j is the per unit value of the voltage amplitude at transaction node j; is the VSCs value of node j; V j ″ is V j conjugate of; Y mn is the node admittance matrix; S and D are the sets of balanced nodes and PQ nodes; m∈D∪S means that node m belongs to a balanced node or a PQ node; 1 {n＝l} It means that when the condition {n=l} is true, that is, when n is equal to l, the function value is 1, otherwise the function value is 0.

[0066] In summary, the voltage offset amplitude △V of the distribution network node is further obtained j :

[0067]

[0068] Where, △V j Indicates the voltage deviation amplitude of the distribution network node; express The real part of Indicates V j P l Find the partial derivative.

[0069] Setting ∆V j Must be less than the maximum value allowed for node voltage deviation Right now If △V j If the threshold is exceeded, the transaction will be cancelled without passing the security check.

[0070] The present invention provides a distributed energy storage transaction method for energy internet based on blockchain, and the technical effects are as follows:

[0071] 1) In step 1 of the present invention, the distributed energy storage trading platform based on blockchain technology can provide a highly secure and reliable environment for energy storage transactions, reducing the possibility of fraud and errors; and all transactions are public and verifiable, which improves transaction transparency; at the same time, the blockchain-based trading platform can achieve decentralization and directly connect buyers and sellers, thereby reducing transaction costs and improving transaction efficiency.

[0072] 2) In step 2 of the present invention, by designing a dynamic energy storage transmission fee, it is possible to encourage users to give priority to using nearby energy storage resources, promote users to consume energy nearby, reduce energy loss caused by long-distance power transmission, improve overall energy utilization efficiency, and at the same time improve the transaction benefits of both parties.

[0073] 3) In step 3 of the present invention, a distributed energy storage continuous two-stage transaction matching strategy is proposed. The strategy divides the transaction process into two stages. Users who have not completed the first stage transaction matching need to quickly adjust their quotations according to the electrical distance and the market transaction process, and enter the second stage to continue matching. This strategy can improve user protection and ensure that users can be matched with suitable trading parties as soon as possible. In the second transaction matching process, the present invention designs an adaptive aggressive value to reasonably adjust the quotation, taking into account the realistic factors of electrical distance and market transaction equilibrium price, which can effectively reduce the number of user price adjustments and improve transaction matching efficiency.

[0074] 4) In step 4 of the present invention, the safety verification method based on the node voltage sensitivity coefficient can predict and identify potential power grid safety issues before the transaction is executed, which is crucial to ensuring the safety and stability of the power system; through the safety verification of transaction orders, the power and voltage resources in the power grid can be reasonably allocated to avoid problems such as overload and voltage collapse, which can not only improve the economy of the power grid, but also extend the life of equipment and reduce the maintenance cost of lines and equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0075] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0076] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a distributed energy storage trading platform based on blockchain.

[0077] Figure 2 This is a 24-hour transaction electricity diagram for the two-stage transaction matching mechanism.

[0078] Figure 3 The following is a comparison chart of the price adjustment times and consumption rates for different value extraction methods.

[0079] Figure 4 A diagram of the order of transactions matched based on electrical distance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0080] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0081] Energy Internet distributed energy storage trading method based on blockchain. First, a distributed energy storage trading platform based on blockchain technology is constructed, the distributed energy storage in the energy Internet is combined with blockchain technology, and a distributed energy storage trading process based on smart contracts is designed; secondly, a dynamic energy storage transmission cost model taking into account electrical distance is constructed to promote the nearby consumption of energy storage while ensuring the safe operation of the distribution network; then a continuous two-stage transaction matching mechanism taking into account dynamic energy storage transmission costs is constructed, and an adaptive quotation update strategy considering electrical distance is set to improve the transaction matching efficiency of energy storage users; finally, a network security check is performed on transaction orders based on VSCs. The method proposed in the present invention can solve the problems of long transmission distance and low transaction efficiency of traditional energy storage, promote the consumption rate of distributed energy storage in the energy Internet, and ensure the safe operation of the distribution network.

[0082] Figure 1 It is a distributed energy storage trading platform based on blockchain. The present invention divides the distributed energy storage trading system into two parts: information layer and physical layer. The physical layer is mainly some hardware facilities of the energy Internet, and the smart meter is responsible for recording the stored distributed energy storage data. In the case of energy surplus or shortage, the smart meter transmits the information to the information layer. The blockchain nodes in the information layer are connected to each other and are responsible for buying or selling energy storage. The information layer is divided into 5 layers, namely data layer, network layer, consensus layer, contract layer and application layer. The data layer is responsible for the identity authentication before the microgrid participates in the transaction, and records the detailed information of the block and the encryption mechanism used; the network layer ensures that the actual energy storage data of the distributed energy storage subject is transmitted in the blockchain network, which is based on the communication network of the energy Internet; the consensus layer includes the equity fault tolerance mechanism and the consensus mechanism; the contract layer is responsible for fulfilling the content of the smart contract to ensure the safe, transparent and efficient completion of the transaction; the application layer provides different types of interfaces and applications for the application scenarios of distributed energy storage transactions in the energy Internet.

[0083] Figure 2 It is the transaction volume of electricity within 24 hours of the two-stage transaction matching mechanism. Figure 2It can be seen that users can realize internal transactions in most time periods. When the load demand cannot be met in some time periods, they will purchase a certain amount of electricity from the distribution network. However, a small part of the transaction volume has not passed the safety verification and cannot be traded. Among them, 7:00-13:00 and 18:00-21:00 are the morning and evening peaks of load, respectively. There is a shortage of supply among trading users. Photovoltaic power generation stops during the evening peak, and the energy storage capacity is limited. Therefore, the energy purchased from the distribution network during the evening peak is more than that during the morning peak.

[0084] Figure 3 The figure is a comparison of the price adjustment times and consumption rates of different progressive value methods. Figure 3 It can be seen that the consumption rate of the method proposed in the present invention is close to the consumption rate when the fixed aggressive value is 0.08, and is higher than the consumption rates of other aggressive values. In terms of the number of price adjustments, the number of price adjustments of the method proposed in the present invention is less than the number of price adjustments when the fixed aggressive value is 0.08, and less than other methods, and the transaction efficiency is high. This is because the adaptive aggressive value method proposed in the present invention takes into account the electrical distance, and the user can adjust the price according to realistic factors, and choose to consume nearby in order to complete the transaction as soon as possible. Therefore, the method proposed in the present invention saves resource consumption while improving transaction efficiency.

[0085] Figure 4 It is the transaction matching order based on electrical distance. The traditional matching mechanism sorts the bids of the participating entities according to the "price priority" mechanism. The transaction order of energy sellers is: P, Q, O, S, R, T, U; the transaction order of energy buyers is G, B, E, A, C, F, D. Since the cost of electric energy transmission is borne by the energy buyer, the energy seller with the lowest bid in each round is cleared first. If the sorting is strictly carried out according to the traditional transaction matching mechanism, the priority of energy buyers B, C and E with closer electrical distance will be lower, while the priority of energy buyers G and A with farther electrical distance will be in the front position. The matching mechanism proposed in the present invention adjusts the matching order according to the electrical distance and the initial bid. For energy seller P, the electrical distance between energy buyer G and energy seller P is significantly greater than the electrical distance between energy buyers B, E and energy seller P. Compared with the traditional transaction matching mechanism, energy buyer G considers the dynamic energy storage transmission fee and lowers the bid, waiting for the energy seller with a more suitable electrical distance, so its transaction order is placed at the back.

Claims

1. A distributed energy storage trading method for energy internet based on blockchain, characterized by The following steps are involved: Step 1: Build a distributed energy storage trading platform based on blockchain technology and design a distributed energy storage trading process based on smart contracts; Step 2: Construct a dynamic energy storage transmission fee model that takes electrical distance into account to encourage energy storage users to trade nearby; Step 3: Construct a continuous two-stage transaction matching mechanism that takes into account dynamic energy storage transmission costs, and set an adaptive quotation update strategy that considers electrical distance; Step 4: Perform network security verification on transaction orders based on node voltage sensitivity coefficients.

2. The distributed energy storage transaction method based on blockchain in energy internet according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 1, the distributed energy storage trading platform is divided into two parts: an information layer and a physical layer; The physical layer includes smart meters, which are responsible for recording the distributed energy storage data. In the case of energy surplus or shortage, the smart meters transmit the information to the information layer, where the blockchain nodes are connected to each other and are responsible for buying or selling energy storage. The information layer is divided into five layers: data layer, network layer, consensus layer, contract layer and application layer; The data layer is responsible for the identity authentication of the microgrid before participating in the transaction, and records the detailed information of the block and the encryption mechanism used; the network layer ensures that the actual energy storage data of the distributed energy storage entity is transmitted in the blockchain network, based on the communication network of the energy Internet; The consensus layer includes the equity fault tolerance mechanism and consensus mechanism; The contract layer is responsible for executing the contents of smart contracts to ensure that transactions are completed safely, transparently and efficiently; The application layer provides different types of interfaces and applications for the application scenarios of distributed energy storage transactions in the energy Internet; Users with energy storage are the main transaction entities. They are connected to the blockchain network through smart meters at the physical layer and become blockchain nodes. Each blockchain node can store historical transaction information. At the information layer, the transaction entity performs identity authentication before the transaction. After the identity is confirmed to be valid, it enters the trading platform and completes the transaction matching through smart contracts, and finally determines the transaction order. In the physical layer, after the trading entities sign the transaction contract in the information layer, energy storage delivery is carried out through the network architecture of the distribution network.

3. The distributed energy storage transaction method for energy internet based on blockchain according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In step 1, the distributed energy storage transaction process based on the smart contract includes the following steps: 1) Identity authentication stage: Users register on the trading platform and obtain the corresponding digital certificate C j,dig , which contains the IDname of user j j 、address j 、phone j 、Energy storage capacity to be auctioned j and power capacity P j ; Before participating in the transaction, users need to deposit a certain amount of deposit G in their account j Only users can enter the trading platform, and if users violate the contract, it is convenient to impose monetary penalties on them; C j,dig ={IDname j ,address j ,phone j ,E j ,P j ,G j } In the above formula, IDname j Indicates name; address j Indicates address; phone j Indicates contact information; 2) Transaction information reporting stage: Each user participating in the transaction reports the transaction order according to their own energy storage situation and participates in the transaction on the trading platform; then confirms the identity of the seller or buyer, discloses their own energy storage transaction volume and quotation, and the trading platform saves the transaction information to the blockchain node after confirming that the transaction information is valid, and is responsible for broadcasting the transaction information to the entire blockchain network; 3) Transaction information matching stage: During the matching process, the trading platform will publish the transaction information and match the two parties through a two-stage transaction matching mechanism; users with successful transaction matching will enter the next stage of the transaction process, and users who have not successfully matched will adjust their transaction information for the next round of transactions. This process will be repeated until the two parties no longer adjust their quotes and reach a transaction; 4) Security verification stage: Combined with the parameter information of the user's power network in the actual energy Internet, all transaction orders are security verified. The transaction orders that pass the security verification will enter the next round of transaction steps. The transaction orders that fail the security verification will be stopped by the trading platform, and the user needs to adjust the transaction strategy for a new round of transactions; 5) Transaction settlement and clearing stage: After the transaction order is confirmed, the smart meter completes the energy storage transmission according to the transaction order, and feeds the transmitted power back to the smart contract for recording, and finally completes the transaction order.

4. The distributed energy storage transaction method based on blockchain in energy internet according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 2, a dynamic energy storage transmission cost model is proposed, which is dynamically adjusted according to the changes in factors such as transaction volume and electrical distance, so as to promote the nearby consumption of energy storage while ensuring the safe operation of the distribution network; the details are as follows: First, the Thevenin equivalent impedance method is used to calculate the electrical distance between the two parties of the transaction, and the electrical distance is written into the smart contract in the form of a matrix. The expression is: Where R is the electrical distance matrix between transaction nodes; r 11 Represents the electrical distance between node 1 and node 1; r 12 Represents the electrical distance between node 1 and node 2; r 1n Represents the electrical distance between node 1 and node n; r 21 Represents the electrical distance between node 2 and node 1; r 22 Represents the electrical distance between node 2 and node 2; r 2n Represents the electrical distance between node 2 and node n; r m1 Represents the electrical distance r between node m and node 1 m2 represents the electrical distance between node m and node 2; r mn Represents the electrical distance between node m and node n; m is the user node selling energy storage; n is the user node purchasing energy storage; Among them, the calculation formula of the electrical distance of the transaction user node is as follows: r mn =minz e,mn =|from mm +from nn -With mn -With nm | In the formula, z e,mn is the Thevenin equivalent impedance between the energy selling node m and the energy purchasing node n; mn is the mth row and nth column element in the node impedance; z mm is the mth row and mth column element in the node impedance; z nn is the nth row and nth column element in the node impedance; z nm is the nth row and mth column element in the node impedance; The calculation method of dynamic energy storage transmission fee is as follows: In the formula, C mn is the dynamic energy storage transmission fee between node m and node n participating in energy storage transaction; T is the transaction period; L is the total number of distribution network lines; is the long-term incremental cost of branch l at time t; is the line transmission cost of branch l at the tth moment; t represents the tth moment; l represents the lth branch; Among them, the long-term incremental cost of the line The calculation model is as follows: △P l =k PTDF P mn Where, D is the coefficient of equal time interval; c l is the expansion cost of branch l; is the expansion period of branch l when the annual load growth rate is p; Increase the flow increment △P for branch l l The number of years that can be expanded after the investment is completed; r is the discount rate; α is the investment recovery period; P l and P l,max are the transmission power and the maximum allowed transmission power of branch l respectively; k PTDF P is the change in the power flow of each branch when the unit active power is transmitted between the energy purchasing node n and the energy selling node m; mn is the transaction volume between energy purchasing node n and energy selling node m; △P l represents the flow increment; Line transmission fee The calculation model is as follows: In the formula, λ l is the unit energy storage price per unit electrical distance; η d,t is the distribution network rate of return.

5. The distributed energy storage transaction method based on blockchain in energy internet according to claim 1 is characterized by: The step 3 comprises the following steps: 1) The first stage matching process: S3.1: When the electricity produced by the user meets the load demand of its own power grid and has stored electricity, △P MG,t >0,△P MG,t Indicates the user's remaining energy storage capacity, and its energy sales quotation strategy is: In the formula, is the initial bid of the energy selling node m at the tth moment; C grid,t P is the energy selling price of the distribution network at the tth moment; m,total,t is the total power capacity of the energy selling node m at the tth moment; C in,t The price of the participating node's surplus electricity grid-connected revenue; S3.2: When the electricity produced by the user cannot meet the load demand of its own power grid, △P MG,t ≤0, its energy purchase quotation strategy is as follows: In the formula, P is the initial quotation of the energy purchasing node n at the tth moment; n,total,t is the total power production capacity of energy purchasing node n at time t; β is the preference parameter of energy purchasing node n to participate in the transaction; S3.3: After the user determines his role and reports the quotation strategy, the trading platform divides the energy Internet into energy selling nodes m and energy purchasing nodes n. The energy selling node quotes C m,price ={C i,price |i∈m} are arranged in order from high to low, C i,price represents the price of the offer; i represents the i-th user; the energy purchasing node offer C n,price ={C i,price |i∈n} are arranged in order from low to high; S3.4: The lowest bid among the energy selling nodes m The highest bid of energy purchasing node n Compare them, if they satisfy When the auction between energy selling node m and energy purchasing node n succeeds, the final transaction price between the two parties is C m,n As shown below: The transaction price at this time is higher than the minimum allowable transaction price of the energy selling node and lower than the maximum allowable transaction price of the energy purchasing node, which is in line with the market operation rules and transaction intentions; 2) The second stage matching process: When users complete the first stage of the auction process, users who fail to meet the transaction conditions need to adjust their bid prices; An adaptive quotation update strategy is set. Users who have not reached a transaction will adaptively adjust their quotation strategy according to the electrical distance and market transaction process. Among them, an adaptive aggressive value is set as the calculation basis for re-adjusting the price of users who have not been successfully matched in the first stage. The specific calculation method is as follows: In the formula, μ j,x is the price adjustment willingness of transaction node j (j∈m∪n) in the xth round of trading; j∈m∪n means that transaction node j belongs to the individual among energy selling node m and energy purchasing node n; X j,max is the maximum expected transaction round; r mn,max is the maximum electrical distance between energy purchasing node n and energy selling node m; △c j,x+1 is the adaptive aggressive value; φ is the price adjustment coefficient; C j,x Provide quotations for the participants in the previous round; is the market transaction equilibrium price, which can be estimated by weighting the recent K transaction prices; ε k is the kth transaction price C k The weight in the equilibrium price; K represents the transaction number; μ j,x+1 Indicates the trading node's willingness to adjust the price in the x+1th round of trading; Finally, the participants increase or decrease the adaptive aggressiveness value based on the previous round of quotations and continue matching with new quotations.

6. The distributed energy storage transaction method for energy internet based on blockchain according to claim 1 is characterized by: In step 4, the node voltage sensitivity coefficient is used to perform a safety check on each matched order. The specific formula is as follows: Where V j is the per unit value of the voltage amplitude at transaction node j; is the VSCs value of node j; V j ″ is V j conjugation of Y mn is the node admittance matrix; S and D are the balance nodes and PQ node sets; m∈D∪S means that node m is a balanced node or a PQ node; 1 {n＝l} It means that when the condition {n=l} is true, that is, when n is equal to l, the function value is 1, otherwise the function value is 0; In summary, the voltage offset amplitude △V of the distribution network node is further obtained j : Where, △V j Indicates the voltage deviation amplitude of the distribution network node; express The real part of Indicates V j P l Find partial derivatives; set If △V j If the threshold is exceeded, the transaction will be cancelled without passing the security check.

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