Coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system

Abstract

The coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system comprises data acquisition, a big data model and an intelligent early warning function. The system is composed of an environment data acquisition system, a coal pile surface temperature data acquisition system, a coal pile bottom temperature acquisition system, a coal temperature big data system and a coal pile spontaneous combustion early warning management system. According to the coal heating principle and the auto-oxidation characteristic, the big data of the coal pile is calculated and the possible fire risk of the coal pile is evaluated by using the big data technology, and when the risk exceeds a preset risk index, the system gives an alarm to a manager to assist the coal yard manager in making a decision and reduce the potential loss risk. The big data technology is utilized to perform spontaneous combustion risk early warning management on the coal pile, the fire risk of the coal yard is reduced, the safety management quality of the coal yard is improved, the temperature monitoring working efficiency of the coal yard is improved, and safe production of the coal yard is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system which relates to the field of coal storage safety and fire prevention, and in particular to the field of coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning. Background Art

[0002] Spontaneous combustion of coal is a spontaneous, complex, and violent physical and chemical reaction. It is an objective phenomenon that persists in nature. The coal in the coal pile is fully exposed to the air, and the coal is oxidized to produce an oxidation reaction, while releasing a certain amount of heat, which increases the temperature inside the coal pile. The oxidation reaction rate of coal is proportional to the temperature of the coal pile. As the heat generated by the oxidation of the coal pile causes the heat inside the coal pile to accumulate, the temperature of the coal pile continues to rise. When the temperature exceeds the auto-ignition point of the coal, it will spontaneously combust.

[0003] Railway dedicated lines / loading micro-warehouse cargo spaces and coal storage points will temporarily store the coal unloaded next to the freight train tracks. In the spring and summer when the temperature is high and there is a lot of rainfall, the temperature inside and outside the coal pile is high, and the coal powder will absorb a large amount of water vapor, which will cause the coal pile to slowly oxidize and rise in temperature, causing the pile to accumulate to a certain level and spontaneously combust. The occurrence of the spontaneous combustion of coal pile oxidation will affect the quality of the coal at the least, and will cause a fire in the coal yard at the worst, affecting the fire safety of the railway freight yard.

[0004] Traditional manual coal pile temperature inspection usually uses a temperature gun for temperature measurement, and railway field staff hold a temperature gun to measure the temperature of the coal pile in the coal yard. The railway coal yard to the dispatch line is long, ranging from hundreds of meters to several kilometers. The staff need to hold heavy temperature measuring equipment for manual inspection to complete the temperature detection work of each temperature measuring point in the coal yard. Under normal circumstances, the loading site environment is harsh and the dust pollution is serious, which will have an adverse effect on the health of the inspection staff. Especially in the low temperature season in the north in winter, the water-containing coal powder will freeze at low temperatures, resulting in the temperature gun cannot be deeply inserted into the interior, and it is difficult to maintain the quality of the on-site temperature measurement of the coal pile. In summary, various unfavorable factors have seriously affected and reduced the work efficiency and willingness of the inspection staff in the coal yard. The traditional manual coal pile temperature measurement method has become a weak link in the operational safety of the coal yard to a certain extent. For the railway coal yard transfer warehouse, the introduction of a new automatic temperature measurement and early warning method and system for coal piles is an effective way to solve the problem of temperature measurement before coal storage and transportation.

[0005] The coal pile in the railway transfer coal yard is a temporary coal yard. If a fixed temperature measuring device is widely installed inside the coal pile, it will be easily damaged during the loading and unloading process, which is costly and not suitable for fixed temperature measuring devices inside the coal pile. However, the bottom of the coal pile is a hardened cement floor, which is suitable for embedding a temperature measuring device in the cement floor to measure the temperature change at the bottom of the coal pile in real time. At the same time, infrared temperature measuring equipment can be installed in the air above the coal pile to monitor the surface temperature of the coal pile in real time. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention provides a coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system, which uses digital equipment and systematic methods to solve the problems of low manual temperature measurement efficiency, excessive labor intensity and high risk of coal pile spontaneous combustion in the above-mentioned coal stacking storage management.

[0007] The thermal diffusion coefficient of coal is between 0.1 – 0.4 W / (mK), and it has a low thermal conductivity. When there is a heat source inside the coal pile, the temperature inside the coal pile presents a certain gradient distribution, and the temperature distribution has a certain regularity with the heating temperature and intensity of the heat source. When the temperature of the heat source inside the coal pile is significantly higher than the ambient temperature, there is a certain temperature difference between the upper and lower surface temperatures of the coal pile and the ambient temperature. The present invention constructs a coal pile internal temperature prediction model based on a full study of the thermal diffusion principle of coal and the relationship between the internal temperature and the gradient distribution of the heat source temperature and heating intensity. The automatic temperature acquisition device is used to collect the surface temperature of the coal pile, the bottom temperature of the coal pile, and environmental data, calculate the internal temperature of the coal pile, and predict the possible trend of the coal pile temperature change, discover the potential risk of spontaneous combustion of the coal pile and issue an early warning.

[0008] The invention provides a coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system, and the technical solution adopted is as follows: The environmental data acquisition module is composed of various environmental parameter acquisition sensors and corresponding data receiving, storage software and hardware. It collects the geographical spatial location of the coal pile, the current date and time data, and the climate parameters of the coal field, including weather (sunny, rainy, snowy, cloudy), light, wind speed, wind direction, etc. It also collects the indoor and outdoor air temperature and ground temperature of the coal field. The environmental data collected by each sensor is transmitted to the data acquisition software through the communication link for structured processing and storage; The coal pile surface temperature data acquisition module divides the coal pile surface into grid areas, and collects the maximum temperature, minimum temperature and average temperature of the coal pile surface in each grid in real time. The temperature acquisition module mainly uses industrial remote sensing temperature measurement equipment based on infrared smoke sensing temperature measurement technology; the temperature measurement equipment selected by the surface temperature data acquisition system is a remote sensing temperature measurement system combined with video acquisition and camera functions. While collecting the temperature of the coal pile surface style area, it also collects video images of the monitored area in real time. When the temperature of the monitored area reaches the warning value, or the system predicts that there is a potential risk of spontaneous combustion in the area and issues an alarm, the coal pile spontaneous combustion alarm module of this system will automatically switch the user's main monitoring interface to the alarm area screen, allowing global managers to intuitively view the current status of the alarm area.

[0009] The coal pile bottom temperature collection module is mainly composed of a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring device and an optical terminal device laid at the bottom of the coal pile. The temperature measuring optical fiber is laid on the hardened ground at the bottom of the coal pile and connected to the data collection terminal to collect the temperature of the bottom of the coal pile in real time. The coal temperature big data module is composed of an artificial intelligence deep learning software module, a coal pile temperature big data model knowledge base, and a coal temperature prediction module, including a coal medium heat conduction algorithm model, a coal medium heat radiation model, and a temperature distribution feature library of a coal pile containing a heat source. The coal temperature prediction module uses the big data model knowledge base to simulate the data collected by each data collection module, predict and calculate the internal temperature of the coal pile, and calculate the possible temperature change trend of the coal pile. The coal pile spontaneous combustion alarm management module conducts risk assessment on the calculation results of the coal temperature big data system to evaluate the possible fire risks in the coal pile. When the risk exceeds the preset risk index, the system sends an alarm to the management personnel to assist the coal yard management personnel in making decisions and reduce the potential loss risk.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Make full use of Internet of Things technology and big data technology, use digital remote sensing temperature measurement equipment and distributed optical fiber temperature measurement equipment to replace manual temperature measurement technology in coal yards with harsh environments, high dust, hot summers, and cold winters, and solve problems such as heavy workload, high work intensity, and high incidence of occupational diseases. Through remote remote sensing temperature measurement equipment and distributed optical fiber temperature measurement equipment, combined with big data technology, a coal pile spontaneous combustion risk warning system is built to conduct automated, digital, and real-time intelligent spontaneous combustion risk warning management for coal yards; 2. The coal pile spontaneous combustion alarm module of the coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system of the present invention also has the following functions: The coal pile spontaneous combustion alarm module is linked to the video surveillance of the surface temperature measurement equipment. When there is no alarm in the system, the system monitoring screen will switch between the video surveillance screens of the coal yard. When an alarm is issued in a certain area or certain areas of the system, the coal pile spontaneous combustion alarm module will automatically call the alarm area monitoring video and switch the user main interface to the alarm area monitoring video. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system of the present invention is mainly used in the field of coal storage safety management. In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and implementation method of the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation safety: like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention consists of 5 parts, and the system is executed in the following steps: Step 1, analyzing the relationship between natural oxidation of coal piled in the air and environmental factors such as season, air temperature, temperature, light, ventilation conditions, etc., and establishing a characteristic library of natural oxidation of coal and storage environmental factors; Step 2: Study the heat medium conduction law of coal, and establish a characteristic library of heat conduction law inside the coal pile containing heat source; study the temperature distribution law from the heat source to the outside inside the coal pile containing heat source, and establish a characteristic library of temperature distribution inside and on the surface of the coal pile containing heat source; Step 3, the P04 coal temperature big data system of the present invention calculates the data collected by the P02 coal pile surface temperature collection system and the P03 coal pile bottom temperature collection system of the present invention, analyzes the temperature distribution inside the coal pile, and predicts the potential oxidation heating trend of the coal pile temperature; Step 4: The P04 coal pile spontaneous combustion alarm system of the present invention performs spontaneous combustion risk assessment on the surface, bottom, and internal predicted temperatures of each area of ​​the coal pile. When the assessed spontaneous combustion risk is higher than the preset risk warning point, the system issues a fire alarm to remind and guide management personnel to cool down the coal pile or extinguish the fire; The present invention adopts automated technical means to collect coal pile environmental data and temperature data, and applies a big data model to predict and calculate the coal pile environmental data and temperature data, so as to realize coal pile fire risk early warning, improve the coal pile safety production efficiency, and reduce the coal pile safety production cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system of the present invention.

Claims

1. The coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system of the present invention has the following features: P01, Environmental data collection system, which consists of various environmental parameter collection sensors and corresponding data receiving, storage software and hardware, collects the geographical spatial location of the coal pile, the current date, time data, climate parameters of the coal field area, including weather (sunny, rainy, snowy, cloudy), light, wind speed, wind direction, etc., and also collects indoor and outdoor air temperature, ground temperature, etc. The environmental data collected by each sensor is transmitted to the data collection software through the communication link for structured processing and storage; P02, coal pile surface temperature data acquisition system, composed of remote infrared remote sensing temperature meter, communication link, and data processing software. The infrared remote sensing temperature meter divides the coal pile surface into grid areas and collects the maximum temperature, minimum temperature, and average temperature of the coal pile surface in each grid in real time. The temperature acquisition module mainly uses industrial remote sensing temperature equipment based on infrared smoke sensing temperature technology; P03, the coal pile bottom temperature collection system is mainly composed of distributed temperature measurement optical fiber laid at the bottom of the coal pile, optical fiber temperature measurement host controller, edge computing industrial control host, and communication link. The temperature measurement optical fiber is laid on the hardened ground at the bottom of the coal pile, and the optical fiber temperature measurement host controller collects the temperature of the bottom of the coal pile in real time, and sends the detection results to the edge computing industrial control host. The industrial control host transmits the calculated results to the coal temperature big data system for calculation by the coal temperature big data system to predict the internal temperature of the coal pile and the spontaneous combustion risk assessment value; P04, coal temperature big data system, consists of artificial intelligence deep learning software module, coal pile temperature big data model knowledge base, coal temperature prediction module, including coal medium heat conduction algorithm model, coal medium heat radiation model, and internal heat source coal pile temperature distribution feature library; the coal temperature prediction module uses the big data model knowledge base to simulate the data collected by each data collection module, predicts and calculates the internal temperature of the coal pile, and calculates the possible temperature change trend of the coal pile; P06. The coal pile spontaneous combustion early warning management system conducts risk assessment on the calculation results of the coal temperature big data system to evaluate the possible fire risk of the coal pile. When the risk exceeds the preset risk index, the system sends an alarm to the management personnel to assist the coal yard management personnel in making decisions and reduce the potential loss risk.

2. According to claim 1, the coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system is also characterized by: The coal pile surface temperature acquisition system divides the coal pile surface into grid areas and uses remote remote sensing temperature measurement equipment to detect the coal pile surface temperature of each grid area, including the highest temperature, lowest temperature and average temperature of the area.

3. According to claim 1, the coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system is also characterized by: The coal pile bottom temperature collection system is mainly composed of a distributed optical fiber temperature measuring device and an optical terminal device laid at the bottom of the coal pile. The temperature measuring optical fiber is laid on the hardened ground at the bottom of the coal pile and is connected to the data collection terminal to collect the bottom temperature of the coal pile in real time.

4. The coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The temperature collection system at the bottom of the coal pile and its distributed optical fiber laying method are as follows: a strip groove is dug on the hardened ground at the bottom of the coal pile, and the distributed temperature measurement optical fiber is inserted into a square or round steel pipe. The steel pipe is laid into the strip groove dug on the hardened ground so that its upper surface is level with the ground. The steel pipe is fixed with cement glue to complete the installation and fixation of the distributed optical fiber.

5. The coal pile spontaneous combustion risk early warning system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The coal temperature big data system includes a characteristic library of temperature distribution gradient laws inside the coal pile containing heat sources; The coal temperature big data system includes a feature library of the relationship between the surface temperature of the coal pile and the ambient temperature when the heat source is located at different spatial positions inside the coal pile, the heat intensity, and the heat source heating temperature; a feature library of the surface temperature distribution when the self-oxidation heat of the coal pile causes the temperature of the coal pile to be higher than the ambient temperature; The coal pile spontaneous combustion early warning management system includes a spontaneous combustion risk assessment model and assessment indicators at different temperatures of the coal pile, which quantifies the spontaneous combustion risk of the coal pile at different temperatures; The present invention utilizes big data technology to carry out early warning management of spontaneous combustion risks of coal piles, reduce the fire risks of coal yards, improve the efficiency of temperature monitoring in coal yards, and ensure safe production in coal yards.

Images