Large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnets, and particularly relates to a large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet which comprises an armature and pole shoes symmetrically installed on the two sides of the armature, the outer side walls of the ends, close to the armature, of the two pole shoes are each sleeved with a positioning ring, and a guide ring is clamped between the two positioning rings. The armature is connected in a channel formed by the positioning ring and the guide ring in a sliding manner, and the outer side wall of the guide ring is sleeved with a permanent magnet ring 6; according to the invention, the large stroke of the armature can reach 2mm; the full stroke of the armature realizes high speed; the two wire sets are connected in parallel through a 2 * 2 combination model, the wire sets are coil1 + coil2, the rotation directions of the coil1 and the coil2 are opposite, the total number of turns is n in the electromagnetic part, and in the circuit part, due to series connection, the resistance is three times that of the original resistance, small inductance (small tau1) and large power (small tau2) can be achieved, and in this way, the purpose of improving the response speed is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnets, and in particular relates to a large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet. Background Art

[0002] An electromagnet is a device that generates electromagnetism when electricity is applied. Specifically, it is a conductive winding that matches its power wound around the outside of the iron core. When current is passed, this coil has magnetism like a magnet; an electromagnetic switch is a switch controlled by an electromagnet, and is also a combination of an electromagnet and a switch. When the electromagnet coil is energized, an electromagnetic attraction will be generated, which will push or pull the switch contacts to close, thereby connecting or disconnecting the controlled circuit. The electromagnetic switch mainly includes a magnetic system, a contact system and a spring system. The magnetic system is composed of an iron core and a coil. When current passes through the coil, a magnetic field is generated in the coil. This magnetic field attracts the iron core, causing the contacts to close. When the current is disconnected, the magnetic field disappears, and the contacts are disconnected due to the action of the spring; electromagnetic switches are widely used in various industries, the most common of which is the contactor in the industrial field. The electromagnet design of the electromagnetic switch is very important. The response speed of the electromagnet has a great influence on its performance. Too slow a response speed may cause the electromagnet to fail to generate enough magnetic field to attract iron parts in time, thereby making the electromagnet unable to work normally or working unstably. The existing electromagnet response speed is relatively slow, and the assembly of the electromagnet production process is cumbersome and inefficient.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, the present invention provides a large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet, which has the characteristics of large movement, fast response speed, low processing difficulty, low processing cost and simple assembly.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet, comprising an armature and pole shoes symmetrically installed on both sides of the armature, the outer walls of the two pole shoes close to one end of the armature are both sleeved with a positioning ring, a guide ring is clamped between the two positioning rings, the armature is slidably connected in a channel formed by the positioning ring and the guide ring, the outer wall of the guide ring is sleeved with a permanent magnet ring, the permanent magnet ring and the outer wall of the armature are sleeved with a coil housing, the two sides of the permanent magnet ring and the coil housing form two annular cavities, and a wire group is wound in the cavity, the two wire groups are connected in parallel, the wire group is composed of two groups of coils with opposite rotation directions connected in series, and the number of turns of the two groups of coils N1=2N2, the permanent magnet ring is made of permanent magnet material, and is radially radiated magnetized.

[0006] As a preferred large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet of the present invention, a connecting hole axially penetrating the armature and the pole shoe is opened in the center of the armature and the pole shoe, and the armature is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft through the connecting hole.

[0007] As a preferred large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet of the present invention, the pole shoe is a boss structure, a positioning sealing groove is provided at the small diameter of the pole shoe, a shell sealing groove is provided on the surface of the large diameter of the pole shoe, and the middle diameter of the pole shoe is a coil limiting groove.

[0008] As a preferred large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet of the present invention, the coil housing is provided with a pole shoe limiting groove corresponding to the housing sealing groove, a sealing ring is installed in the housing sealing groove, and a magnetic ring positioning structure is formed in the middle of the coil housing corresponding to the permanent magnet ring.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet of the present invention, a guide groove is provided on the positioning ring corresponding to the positioning sealing groove.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of a large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet of the present invention, the guide ring is a circular ring structure with protrusions on both sides, and a connecting groove is provided on the side of the positioning ring corresponding to the protrusions of the guide ring, and the positioning ring and the guide ring are engaged with each other.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of a large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet of the present invention, washer limit platforms are formed on both sides of the armature, and washers are sleeved on the washer limit platforms.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of a large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet of the present invention, the pole shoe, the guide ring and the coil housing are made of soft magnetic materials, and the positioning ring is made of non-magnetic conductive material.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of a large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet of the present invention, a through hole radially penetrating the armature is provided on the surface of the armature.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of a large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet of the present invention, the wiring terminal of the wire group passes through the pole shoe and extends to the outside, and the wire group is electrically connected to an external DC power supply.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The armature in the present invention can achieve a maximum stroke of 2mm; the armature can achieve high speed in the full stroke, with a response time of 3ms. When the stroke is less than 1mm, the response time can be 1ms.

[0016] 2. The two coil groups in the present invention are connected in parallel using a 2x2 combination model, the coil group is coil1+coil2, coil1 and coil2 have opposite rotation directions and are connected in series, wherein the number of turns of coil1 and coil2 differs by 1 times, at this time N1=2N2=2n, so that in the electromagnetic part, the total number of turns is n, and in the circuit part, because of the series connection, the resistance is 3 times the original, which can achieve a smaller inductance (τ1 is small) and a larger power (τ2 is small), thereby achieving the purpose of improving the response speed; 3. When the large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet of the present invention moves, a double-wire group is used to form a smaller inductance and a larger power. Through this wiring method, the response speed can be improved, the response time can be reduced, and the purpose of rapid response can be achieved. The present invention has a centrally symmetrical structure as a whole, and there is no complicated connection relationship between each part, which reduces the difficulty and cost of production and manufacturing, and there is no welding process, the assembly is simple, and the assembly efficiency is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 The three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 ; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the present invention; Figure 3 The three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 ; Figure 4 The cross-sectional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the present invention; Figure 6 The cross-sectional structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the 6-pole permanent magnet ring in the present invention; Figure 8 is a circuit diagram of a 2x2 line group in the present invention; In the figure: 1. armature; 11. gasket limit platform; 2. pole shoe; 21. positioning sealing groove; 22. housing sealing groove; 23. coil limit groove; 3. connecting hole; 4. positioning ring; 41. guide groove; 42. connecting card groove; 5. guide ring; 6. permanent magnet ring 6; 7. coil housing; 71. pole shoe limit groove; 8. wire group. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In order to further improve the response speed of the electromagnet in the electromagnetic switch, the present invention provides a large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet, which has the characteristics of large movement, fast response speed, low processing difficulty, low processing cost and simple assembly.

[0020] The large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet of the present invention forms a smaller inductance and a larger power through a double-wire group when moving. Through this wiring method, the response speed can be improved, the response time can be reduced, and the purpose of rapid response can be achieved. The present invention has a centrally symmetrical structure as a whole, and there is no complicated connection relationship between each part, which reduces the difficulty and cost of production and manufacturing, and there is no welding process, the assembly is simple, and the assembly efficiency is improved.

[0021] Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below.

[0022] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 8 As shown; A large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet comprises an armature 1 and pole shoes 2 symmetrically mounted on both sides of the armature 1, the outer walls of the two pole shoes 2 close to one end of the armature 1 are sleeved with a positioning ring 4, a guide ring 5 is clamped between the two positioning rings 4, the armature 1 is slidably connected in a channel formed by the positioning ring 4 and the guide ring 5, the outer wall of the guide ring 5 is sleeved with a permanent magnet ring 6, the permanent magnet ring 6 and the outer wall of the armature 1 are sleeved with a coil housing 7, the two sides of the permanent magnet ring 6 and the coil housing 7 form two annular cavities, and a wire group 8 is wound in the cavity, the wire group 8 is composed of two groups of coils with opposite rotation directions connected in series, and the number of turns of the two groups of coils N1=2N2, the permanent magnet ring 6 is made of permanent magnet material, and is radially radiated and magnetized.

[0023] In this embodiment: the present invention is powered by an external DC power supply when in use. Since the permanent magnetic ring 6 is made of permanent magnetic material, radial radiation magnetization is performed, and its magnetic poles are distributed as follows: Figure 7As shown, since the inner and outer sides of the permanent magnet ring 6 are two magnetic poles, the directions of the magnetic fields generated on the left and right sides of the permanent magnet ring 6 are symmetrically distributed. When a constant current is passed through the wire group 8, the magnetic fields on both sides of the permanent magnet ring 6 are superimposed on the magnetic field of the wire group 8, one side of which is superimposed on each other, and the other side cancels each other, so that a large difference is produced in the magnetic fields on both sides of the permanent magnet ring 6, so that one of the two pole shoes 2 has magnetic force, and the other has weak magnetic force due to the mutual cancellation of the magnetic fields. In an ideal state, no magnetic force can be achieved, so that the armature 1 slides toward the pole shoe 2 on the side with magnetic force to achieve response. When a reverse current is passed, the electromagnetic field changes, and the opposite magnetic field direction is generated, so that the magnetic field on the other side is enhanced, and the reverse movement of the armature 1 is achieved. In the present invention, the wire group 8 is composed of two groups of coils with opposite rotation directions connected in series, and the number of turns of the two groups of coils N1=2N2. Its circuit is as shown in Figure 8 As shown: There are two ways to achieve the high-speed electromagnet: one is that the suction force F must be large enough, that is, F=ma; the other is that the inductance / induced electromotive force is small, that is, L must be small. 2 , N is the number of turns, I=U / R, that is, the higher the ampere-turns, the greater the force value; inductance L∝N 2 , that is, the more turns, the greater the inductance; we also know that the electromagnetic part time constant τ1∝L, the smaller L, the smaller τ1, the faster the response, that is, the smaller N, the faster the response; we also know that the electromagnet time constant τ2∝F / P, P is the electromagnet power, that is, if τ2 is small, it is necessary to reduce F or increase P, because F=ma is the minimum requirement, so it can only be achieved by increasing P; in summary, in order to increase speed, we can only reduce N and increase P; However, in engineering practice, the geometric size of the coil is small, and the winding coil is made of enameled wire. When the number of turns is small, the length of the enameled wire is small and the coil resistance is low. If the power is large, the current of the enameled wire will break through the insulation layer, and only low power can be used, and high speed cannot be achieved. Therefore, coil1 and coil2 have opposite rotation directions and are connected in series, N1=2N2=2n. In this way, in the electromagnetic part, the total number of turns is n. In the circuit part, because of the series connection, the resistance is 3 times the original, which can achieve a smaller inductance τ1 and a larger power τ2, thereby achieving high speed. After actual verification: at 240 ampere-turns and 1mm effective stroke, the response time of the 2x2 coil is 1.1ms, while the ordinary coil takes 1.9ms; The guide ring 5 of the present invention guides and limits the armature 1, the inner end faces of the two pole shoes 2 limit the stroke of the armature 1, and the coil housing 7 protects the internal overall structure. The whole is assembled and assembled, and the parts are standardized and manufactured, which is simple and convenient to assemble, thereby simplifying and reducing production costs.

[0024] More specifically: In an optional embodiment, a connecting hole 3 axially penetrating the armature 1 and the pole shoe 2 is opened in the center of the armature 1 and the pole shoe 2 , and the armature 1 is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft through the connecting hole 3 .

[0025] In this embodiment: the connecting shaft for driving the switch can be connected to the armature 1 through the connecting hole 3. When the electromagnet circuit is turned on, the armature 1 can drive the connecting shaft to slide left and right along the connecting hole 3, thereby realizing the control of the electromagnetic switch.

[0026] Going further: In an optional embodiment, the pole shoe 2 is a boss structure, a positioning sealing groove 21 is opened at the small diameter of the pole shoe 2, a shell sealing groove 22 is opened on the surface of the large diameter of the pole shoe 2, and a coil limiting groove 23 is opened at the middle diameter of the pole shoe 2.

[0027] In the present embodiment: through this design, during assembly, a portion of the wire group 8 is sleeved on the coil limiting groove 23, which can limit the wire group 8 and make the installation of the wire group 8 stable. The boss structure on the surface of the pole shoe 2 can match with other components, and the whole does not need welding, which facilitates the assembly of the present invention.

[0028] Going further: In an optional embodiment, a pole shoe limiting groove 71 is opened in the coil housing 7 corresponding to the housing sealing groove 22, a sealing ring is installed in the housing sealing groove 22, and a magnetic ring positioning structure is formed in the middle of the coil housing 7 corresponding to the permanent magnetic ring 6.

[0029] In the present embodiment: through this design, when installing the present invention, first insert the permanent magnet ring 6 into the magnet ring positioning structure in the coil housing 7, the magnet ring positioning structure and the permanent magnet ring 6 have an interference fit with each other and have a certain tensioning force, so that the permanent magnet ring 6 is installed and fixed, and when installing the pole shoe 2, the coil housing 7 cooperates with the pole shoe 2, and the pole shoe limiting groove 71 abuts and limits the surface where the housing sealing groove 22 is located, and at the same time, the sealing ring in the housing sealing groove 22 and the surface at the pole shoe limiting groove 71 abut against each other, and the pole shoe 2 and the coil housing 7 have an interference fit, so that the pole shoe 2 is installed at both ends of the coil housing 7, and a modular structure is adopted, and the components can be installed and disassembled separately, which is convenient for assembly and easy to manufacture.

[0030] Going further: In an optional embodiment, a guide groove 41 is formed in the positioning ring 4 corresponding to the positioning sealing groove 21 .

[0031] In this embodiment: through this design, the positioning ring 4 is installed inside the armature 1, the guide groove 41 cooperates with the positioning sealing groove 21, and the conical structure of the guide groove 41 facilitates the alignment of the pole shoe 2 to avoid the pole shoe 2 and the positioning ring 4 being squeezed against each other when the pole shoe 2 is installed.

[0032] Going further: In an optional embodiment, the guide ring 5 is a circular ring structure with protrusions on both sides, and a connecting groove 42 is provided on the side of the positioning ring 4 corresponding to the protrusions of the guide ring 5, and the positioning ring 4 and the guide ring 5 are engaged with each other.

[0033] In this embodiment: through this design, the protrusions on both sides of the guide ring 5 and the positioning ring 4 are engaged with each other through the connecting groove 42, so that the guide ring 5 and the positioning ring 4 form a hollow cylindrical structure, and the armature 1 is slidably connected in the hollow cylinder. The positioning ring 4 and the guide ring 5 are tightly connected, which facilitates the smooth sliding of the armature 1 inside and prevents the gap between the positioning ring 4 and the guide ring 5 from affecting the sliding of the armature 1.

[0034] Going further: In an optional embodiment, a washer limiting platform 11 is formed on both sides of the armature 1, and a washer is sleeved on the washer limiting platform 11.

[0035] In the present embodiment: through this design, since the armature 1 slides under the influence of magnetic force and has a certain kinetic energy, when the armature 1 moves to form the end, it is easy to cause an impact on the pole shoe 2. The washer (not shown in the figure) can buffer this impact and reduce the noise of the electromagnet at the same time. The washer limit platform 11 facilitates the washer to be firmly fixed on the armature 1.

[0036] Going further: In an optional embodiment, the pole shoe 2, the guide ring 5, and the coil housing 7 are made of soft magnetic materials, and the positioning ring 4 is made of non-magnetic conductive material.

[0037] In the present embodiment: through this design, due to the characteristics of the soft magnetic material, when the wire group 8 is energized, the pole shoe 2, the guide ring 5, and the coil housing 7 can attract and guide the magnetic field, so that the magnetic field is gathered around the soft magnetic material, so that the pole shoe 2 has better magnetism, and when the power is off, the pole shoe 2, the guide ring 5, and the coil housing 7 can quickly eliminate the magnetism, so that the armature 1 is not affected by the electromagnetic force, thereby achieving the attraction and release of the armature 1, and the wire group 8 of the present invention is an enameled wire, and the pole shoe 2, the guide ring 5, and the coil housing 7 all have an insulating coating of oxide ceramics, which prevents the wire group 8 from leaking electricity, thereby improving the safety of the present invention.

[0038] Going further: In an optional embodiment, a through hole which radially penetrates the armature 1 is formed on the surface of the armature 1 .

[0039] In this embodiment: through the through holes on the surface of the armature 1, when the electromagnet of the present invention is working, the electromagnet causes the armature 1 to move left or right. Since the armature 1 is in the cylindrical channel, air can flow through the through holes in the armature 1 during the movement of the armature 1, which facilitates the rapid movement of the armature 1, avoids the influence of air pressure imbalance on the movement of the armature 1, and improves the response speed.

[0040] Going further: In an optional embodiment, the wiring terminals of the wire group 8 pass through the pole shoe 2 and extend to the outside, and the wire group 8 is electrically connected to an external DC power source.

[0041] In the present embodiment: through this design, a wire groove is opened on the pole shoe 2, and the connection terminal of the wire group 8 extends from the wire groove to the outside and is connected to the external power supply, which is convenient for the power on and off of the wire group 8, and the provision of the wire groove on the pole shoe 2 will not affect the installation of the present invention. When installing the wire group 8, the wire group 8 and the pole shoe 2 are installed together and then inserted into the coil housing 7 as a whole. The sealing ring on the pole shoe 2 presses the connection terminal of the wire group 8 into the pole shoe 2, and the connection terminal of the wire group 8 and the wire groove on the pole shoe 2 will not affect the fixation of the pole shoe 2.

[0042] The working principle and use process of the present invention: When installing the present invention, first install the permanent magnet ring 6 to the magnetic ring positioning structure in the middle of the coil housing 7. The magnetic ring positioning structure is a boss structure and is compatible with the permanent magnet ring 6. The permanent magnet ring 6 and the magnetic ring positioning structure are interference fit, and the two are tightly and stably engaged through friction; then the guide ring 5 is sleeved on the outer side wall of the armature 1, and the protrusions on both sides of the guide ring 5 and the positioning ring 4 are engaged with each other through the connecting groove 42, so that the guide ring 5 and the positioning ring 4 form a hollow cylindrical structure, and the armature 1 is slidably connected in the hollow cylinder. The positioning ring 4 and the guide ring 5 are tightly connected, which facilitates the armature 1 to slide smoothly inside and prevents the positioning ring 4 and the guide ring 5 from sliding. The gap between the rings 5 ​​affects the sliding of the armature 1. Through the through holes on the surface of the armature 1, when the electromagnet of the present invention is working, the electromagnet causes the armature 1 to move left or right. Since the armature 1 is in the cylindrical channel, air can flow through the through holes in the armature 1 during the movement of the armature 1, which facilitates the rapid movement of the armature 1, avoids the influence of air pressure imbalance on the movement of the armature 1, and improves the response speed; then the connecting groove 42 on the positioning ring 4 is inserted into the two sides of the guide ring 5, and the positioning ring 4 and the guide ring 5 constitute a cylindrical channel for the armature 1 to slide, and the cylindrical channel and the armature 1 are inserted into the permanent magnet ring 6 together, and the outer wall of the guide ring 5 and the inner wall of the permanent magnet ring 6 are in contact with each other. , two positioning rings 4 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the permanent magnet ring 6, and then two wire groups 8 are sleeved on the coil limiting grooves 23 on the surface of the pole shoe 2, and the wiring terminals of the wire group 8 extend from the wire grooves to the outside world and are connected to the external power supply to facilitate the power on and off of the wire group 8, and the provision of wire grooves on the pole shoe 2 will not affect the installation of the present invention. When installing the wire group 8, the wire group 8 and the pole shoe 2 are installed together, and then inserted into the coil housing 7 as a whole. The sealing ring on the pole shoe 2 presses the wiring terminals of the wire group 8 into the pole shoe 2, and the wiring terminals of the wire group 8 and the wire grooves on the pole shoe 2 will not affect the fixation of the pole shoe 2; finally, the two short pole shoes are inserted into the two ends of the coil housing 7 together with the wire group 8 On the side, the wire group 8 is connected with the positioning ring 4 during the process of inserting the coil housing 7, and is sleeved on the surface of the positioning ring 4. The boss structure of the pole shoe 2 is inward, the positioning sealing groove 21 and the guide groove 41 cooperate with each other, the pole shoe 2 and the positioning ring 4 conflict with each other, and the other part of the coil is sleeved on the surface of the positioning ring 4 when the pole shoe 2 is inserted, and the steps at the pole shoe 2 and the pole shoe limiting groove 71 conflict with each other, and the sealing ring in the housing sealing groove 22 conflicts with the inner wall of the coil housing 7, so as to realize the installation and fixation of the present invention. The present invention is a centrally symmetrical structure as a whole, with a simple structure, no welding process for the electromagnet, and no pole shoe angle design, which simplifies the difficulty of producing and assembling the present invention and improves the manufacturing efficiency; When the present invention is working, a constant current is passed through the wire group 8. Since the permanent magnetic ring 6 is made of permanent magnetic material, it is radially radiated and magnetized. Its magnetic pole distribution is as follows: Figure 7As shown, the directions of the magnetic fields generated on the left and right sides of the permanent magnet ring 6 are symmetrically distributed. When a constant current is passed through the wire group 8, the magnetic fields on both sides of the permanent magnet ring 6 are superimposed on the magnetic field of the wire group 8, one side of which is superimposed on each other, and the other side cancels each other, so that a large difference is generated in the magnetic fields on both sides of the permanent magnet ring 6. One of the two pole shoes 2 has magnetic force, and the other has no magnetic force or weak magnetic force due to the mutual cancellation of the magnetic fields, so that the armature 1 slides toward the pole shoe 2 on the side with magnetic force to achieve response. When a reverse current is passed, the electromagnetic field changes, and the opposite magnetic field direction is generated, so that the magnetic field on the other side is enhanced, and the reverse movement of the armature 1 is achieved. In the present invention, the wire group 8 is composed of two groups of coils with opposite rotation directions connected in series, and the number of turns of the two groups of coils is N1=2N2. Its circuit is as shown in Figure 8 As shown: There are two ways to achieve the high-speed electromagnet: one is that the suction force F must be large enough, that is, F=ma; the other is that the inductance / induced electromotive force is small, that is, L must be small. 2 , N is the number of turns, I=U / R, that is, the higher the ampere-turns, the greater the force value; inductance L∝N 2 , that is, the more turns, the greater the inductance; we also know that the electromagnetic part time constant τ1∝L, the smaller L, the smaller τ1, the faster the response, that is, the smaller N, the faster the response; we also know that the electromagnet time constant τ2∝F / P, P is the electromagnet power, that is, if τ2 is small, it is necessary to reduce F or increase P, because F=ma is the minimum requirement, so it can only be achieved by increasing P; in summary, in order to increase speed, we can only reduce N and increase P.

[0043] However, in engineering practice, the geometric size of the coil is small, and the winding coil is made of enameled wire. When the number of turns is small, the length of the enameled wire is small and the coil resistance is low. If the power is large, the current of the enameled wire will break through the insulation layer, and only low power can be used, and high speed cannot be achieved. Therefore, coil1 and coil2 have opposite rotation directions and are connected in series, N1=2N2=2n. In this way, in the electromagnetic part, the total number of turns is n. In the circuit part, because of the series connection, the resistance is 3 times the original, which can achieve a smaller inductance τ1 and a larger power τ2, thereby achieving high speed. After actual verification: at 240 ampere-turns and 1mm effective stroke, the response time of the 2x2 coil is 1.1ms, while the ordinary coil takes 1.9ms; Its working status: The coil group 8 is composed of two coils, which are combined into coil1+coil2. Coil1 and coil2 have opposite rotation directions and are connected in series. The number of turns of coil1 and coil2 differs by 1 times.

[0044] The armature can only be in the left or right position without the assistance of the spring.

[0045] Assuming that the inner side of the permanent magnet ring 6 is the S pole and the outer side is the N pole, and the armature is located on the right side, if the excitation direction of the coil 1 combination is the same as that of the permanent magnet ring 6 after power is applied, the excitation of the coil 1 and the permanent magnet ring 6 will be superimposed, and the excitation of the coil 2 combination and the permanent magnet ring 6 will be offset. At this time, the magnetic flux on the left side of the armature is much greater than the magnetic flux on the right side, and the armature moves to the left; Assuming that the inner side of the permanent magnet ring 6 is the S pole and the outer side is the N pole, and the armature is located on the left side, if the excitation direction of the coil 2 combination is the same as that of the permanent magnet ring 6 after power is applied, the excitation of the coil 2 combination and the permanent magnet ring 6 will be superimposed, and the excitation of the coil 1 combination and the permanent magnet ring 6 will be offset. At this time, the magnetic flux on the right side of the armature is much greater than the magnetic flux on the left side, and the armature moves to the right; Assuming that the inner side of the permanent magnet ring 6 is the N pole and the outer side is the S pole, and the armature is located on the right side, if the excitation direction of the coil 1 combination is the same as that of the permanent magnet ring 6 after power is applied, the excitation of the coil 1 combination and the permanent magnet ring 6 will be superimposed, and the excitation of the coil 2 combination and the permanent magnet ring 6 will be offset. At this time, the magnetic flux on the left side of the armature is much greater than the magnetic flux on the right side, and the armature moves to the left; Assuming that the inner side of the permanent magnet ring 6 is the S pole and the outer side is the N pole, and the armature is located on the left side, if the excitation direction of the coil 2 combination is the same as that of the permanent magnet ring 6 after power is applied, the excitation of the coil 2 combination and the permanent magnet ring 6 will be superimposed, and the excitation of the coil 1 combination and the permanent magnet ring 6 will be offset. At this time, the magnetic flux on the right side of the armature is much greater than the magnetic flux on the left side, and the armature moves to the right; In summary, in the electromagnet of the present invention, when current is passed through, the two groups of wire groups 8 generate a magnetic field, and the permanent magnet ring provides an initial magnetic field with a symmetrical magnetic field direction. The excitation direction of the wire group 8 is consistent with the direction of the permanent magnet ring 6 on one side and opposite to the other side, that is, the excitation of the wire group 8 enhances the magnetic field on one side of the permanent magnet ring 6 and offsets the magnetic field on the other side of the permanent magnet ring 6, so that one of the two pole shoes 2 generates a larger magnetic force and the other has a weaker magnetic force. The ideal state is no magnetic force, so that the armature 1 is attracted by the pole shoe 2 and moves to one side. When current is passed through in the opposite direction, the excitation direction changes, the permanent magnet direction remains unchanged, the pole shoe 2 that attracts the armature 1 changes, and the movement direction of the armature 1 also changes, so that the armature 1 can move in both directions. The factors affecting the response of the armature 1 are inductance and power. The double-coil connection method of the present invention reduces the inductance while increasing the power of the electromagnet, thereby shortening the response time and achieving the purpose of fast response.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein by equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet, characterized in that: The invention comprises an armature (1) and pole shoes (2) symmetrically mounted on both sides of the armature (1); the outer walls of the two pole shoes (2) close to one end of the armature (1) are sleeved with a positioning ring (4); a guide ring (5) is clamped between the two positioning rings (4); the armature (1) is slidably connected in a channel formed by the positioning ring (4) and the guide ring (5); the outer wall of the guide ring (5) is sleeved with a permanent magnet ring (6); the outer walls of the permanent magnet ring (6) and the armature (1) are sleeved with a coil housing (7); the two sides of the permanent magnet ring (6) and the coil housing (7) form two annular cavities, and a wire group (8) is wound in the cavity; the two wire groups (8) are connected in parallel, and each wire group (8) is composed of two groups of coils with opposite rotation directions connected in series, and the number of turns of the two groups of coils is N1=2N2; the permanent magnet ring (6) is made of permanent magnet material and is radially radiated and magnetized.

2. The large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting hole (3) axially penetrating the armature (1) and the pole shoe (2) is provided at the center of the armature (1) and the pole shoe (2); the armature (1) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft via the connecting hole (3).

3. The large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pole shoe (2) is a boss structure, a positioning sealing groove (21) is provided at the small diameter of the pole shoe (2), a shell sealing groove (22) is provided on the surface of the large diameter of the pole shoe (2), and a coil limiting groove (23) is provided at the middle diameter of the pole shoe (2).

4. The large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The coil housing (7) is provided with a pole shoe limiting groove (71) at a position corresponding to the housing sealing groove (22), a sealing ring is installed in the housing sealing groove (22), and a magnetic ring positioning structure is formed at a middle portion of the coil housing (7) at a position corresponding to the permanent magnetic ring (6).

5. The large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning ring (4) is provided with a guide groove (41) corresponding to the positioning sealing groove (21).

6. The large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide ring (5) is a circular ring structure with protrusions on both sides, and a connecting groove (42) is provided on the side surface of the positioning ring (4) corresponding to the protrusions of the guide ring (5), and the positioning ring (4) and the guide ring (5) are engaged with each other.

7. The large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: Washer stop platforms (11) are formed on both sides of the armature (1), and washers are sleeved on the washers.

8. The long-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The pole shoe (2), the guide ring (5) and the coil housing (7) are made of soft magnetic material, and the positioning ring (4) is made of non-magnetic material.

9. The large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole which radially penetrates the armature (1) is provided on the surface of the armature (1).

10. The large-stroke high-speed switch electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connection terminal of the wire group (8) passes through the pole shoe (2) and extends to the outside, and the wire group (8) is electrically connected to an external DC power supply.

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