Underwater monitoring system and device based on wireless sensor network

Abstract

The invention provides an underwater monitoring system and device based on a wireless sensor network, and the system comprises a plurality of wireless sensor nodes which are disposed in a monitored water area, and each node comprises a sensor module which is used for detecting underwater environment parameters; the wireless communication module is configured in each wireless sensor node and is used for realizing wireless transmission of data; and the central control device is used for receiving and processing data from each wireless sensing node and generating a monitoring report. The wireless sensing nodes collect underwater environment parameters in real time and transmit data to the central control device, so that the real-time performance of the monitored data is ensured. The central control device analyzes the collected data through the data processing module, can timely discover and respond to the change of the underwater environment, and provides real-time alarm and monitoring reports.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of underwater monitoring systems, and in particular to an underwater monitoring system and device based on a wireless sensor network. Background Art

[0002] Underwater environmental monitoring is an important part of marine science research, water resources management, environmental protection, military and other fields. Traditional underwater monitoring systems usually rely on wired sensors and single-point monitoring equipment. These systems have some obvious limitations in practical applications, which are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0003] Limited coverage: Traditional wired monitoring systems rely on cables for data transmission, which limits the monitoring range by the length of the cables. Especially in large-scale waters such as oceans and lakes, laying long-distance cables is not only costly, but also difficult to construct and easily affected by environmental factors, resulting in unstable transmission.

[0004] Complex installation and maintenance: The installation process of the wired monitoring system is complicated, requiring the laying of cables and fixing of sensors underwater, which places high demands on both equipment and personnel. At the same time, the complexity and variability of the underwater environment also increases the difficulty of equipment maintenance. Once a fault occurs, it is very difficult to locate and repair it, and the maintenance cost is high.

[0005] Single-point monitoring data is limited: Traditional single-point monitoring equipment cannot achieve comprehensive monitoring of a large area of ​​water, and can only provide environmental data for a local area. This monitoring method is prone to blind spots, and cannot detect and respond to comprehensive changes in the underwater environment in a timely manner, limiting the breadth and real-time nature of the data.

[0006] Low data transmission efficiency: The data transmission efficiency of the wired transmission system is limited by the quality of the cable and environmental conditions. Especially in complex underwater environments, the cable is easily damaged, resulting in data transmission interruption. In addition, the data collection and transmission frequency of the traditional system is low, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of high-frequency, high-precision real-time monitoring.

[0007] In recent years, with the development of wireless sensor technology and wireless communication technology, underwater monitoring systems based on wireless sensor networks have gradually attracted attention. Wireless sensor networks are composed of a large number of sensor nodes with sensing, computing and communication capabilities. They form a network through self-organization to realize data collection and transmission. Wireless sensor network technology has been widely used in terrestrial environmental monitoring, showing advantages such as wide coverage, easy installation and low maintenance cost.

[0008] The application of wireless sensor networks in underwater monitoring has important research value and application prospects. The underwater monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks can overcome the limitations of traditional wired systems and provide a new and efficient underwater environment monitoring solution. Its basic principle is to arrange multiple wireless sensor nodes in the monitored water area, each node transmits data through a wireless communication module, and the central control device receives and processes data from other nodes to achieve real-time monitoring of a large area of ​​water.

[0009] The underwater monitoring system based on wireless sensor networks can not only collect and transmit underwater environmental parameters such as temperature, pressure, turbidity, dissolved oxygen and pH value in real time, but also analyze the monitoring data through the data processing module to generate historical data reports and real-time alarm information. By optimizing the layout and number of nodes, the system can flexibly adapt to monitoring needs of different scales, and realize remote data transmission and monitoring through wireless communication networks, further improving the extensiveness and real-time nature of monitoring. Summary of the invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an underwater monitoring system and device based on a wireless sensor network to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an underwater monitoring system based on a wireless sensor network, comprising:

[0012] Multiple wireless sensor nodes: They are arranged in the monitored waters, and each node includes a sensor module for detecting underwater environmental parameters;

[0013] Wireless communication module: It is configured in each wireless sensor node to realize wireless transmission of data;

[0014] Central control device: It is used to receive and process data from each wireless sensor node and generate monitoring reports.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sensor module includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a turbidity sensor.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the wireless communication module performs data transmission via a wireless mesh network.

[0017] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the central control device includes:

[0018] Data receiving module: used to receive data from wireless sensor nodes;

[0019] Data processing module: used to analyze and process the received data;

[0020] Display module: used to display underwater environmental conditions in real time.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the data processing module can generate historical data reports and real-time alarm information, including calculation and analysis of water temperature change rate, pressure change rate and turbidity change rate.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the data processing module uses the following formula to calculate the water temperature change rate:

[0023]

[0024] Where ΔT is the water temperature change rate, T current is the current temperature, T previous is the temperature of the previous measurement, Δt is the time interval between the two measurements;

[0025] The data processing module uses the following formula to calculate the pressure change rate:

[0026]

[0027] Where ΔP is the pressure change rate, P current is the current pressure, P previous is the pressure of the previous measurement, Δt is the time interval between the two measurements;

[0028] The data processing module further uses the following formula to calculate the turbidity change rate:

[0029]

[0030] Among them, ΔNTU is the turbidity change rate, NTU current is the current turbidity, NTU previous is the turbidity of the previous measurement, and Δt is the time interval between the two measurements.

[0031] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, each wireless sensor node also includes a power supply module for supplying power to the sensor module and the wireless communication module.

[0032] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the power supply module includes one or more combinations of battery power supply, solar power supply or water flow power supply; the central control device also includes a network interface module for uploading monitoring data to a cloud platform to realize remote monitoring. The central control device is connected to a remote monitoring center via a wireless communication network to realize remote transmission and real-time monitoring of data.

[0033] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sensor module of the wireless sensor node also includes a dissolved oxygen sensor and a pH sensor, and the dissolved oxygen change rate is calculated by the following formula:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, ΔDO is the dissolved oxygen change rate, DO current is the current dissolved oxygen concentration, DO previous is the dissolved oxygen concentration measured last time, Δt is the time interval between two measurements, and the installation location and number of the wireless sensor nodes are optimized according to the water environment and monitoring requirements.

[0036] The present invention also provides an underwater monitoring device based on a wireless sensor network, comprising a plurality of wireless sensor nodes arranged in a water area, each node comprising a sensor module, a wireless communication module and a power supply module; and a central control device for receiving, processing and displaying data from each wireless sensor node.

[0037] Beneficial effects:

[0038] The underwater monitoring system and device based on wireless sensor network provided by the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0039] Wide coverage: By deploying a large number of wireless sensor nodes, the system can cover a large area of ​​water and achieve all-round monitoring. The nodes transmit data through wireless communication modules, avoiding the distance limitation and construction complexity of wired transmission, and significantly improving the monitoring range and flexibility.

[0040] Real-time monitoring: Wireless sensor nodes collect underwater environmental parameters in real time and transmit the data to the central control device to ensure the real-time monitoring data. The central control device analyzes the collected data through the data processing module, can promptly detect and respond to changes in the underwater environment, and provide real-time alarms and monitoring reports.

[0041] Easy installation and maintenance: Wireless sensor nodes are easy to install, without the need to lay complex wired networks, which greatly reduces installation costs and construction difficulties. At the same time, the system has low maintenance costs, and when a node fails, it can be easily replaced or repaired to ensure the stable operation of the system.

[0042] Efficient data transmission and processing: Wireless mesh network technology is used to ensure the stability and efficiency of data transmission. The data processing module can conduct comprehensive analysis of monitoring data, generate historical data reports, provide detailed environmental information, and assist in decision-making in scientific research.

[0043] Strong flexibility: The system can flexibly increase or decrease sensor nodes according to actual monitoring needs, and is suitable for monitoring waters of different scales and complexities. By optimizing the node layout, the monitoring range can be maximized and the monitoring effect can be optimized.

[0044] Multiple power supply modes: The power supply module of the wireless sensor node supports multiple power supply modes, including battery power supply, solar power supply and water flow power supply, ensuring long-term stable operation of the system in different environments.

[0045] Remote monitoring and data sharing: Through the network interface module, the central control device can upload monitoring data to the cloud platform to achieve remote monitoring and data sharing. Users can access and analyze monitoring data at any time through the Internet, which improves the convenience and extensiveness of monitoring.

[0046] The underwater monitoring system and device based on the wireless sensor network of the present invention provide a new and efficient solution for underwater environment monitoring, and have broad application prospects and important practical value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0047] Figure 1 This is a system block diagram of an underwater monitoring system based on a wireless sensor network proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] The following is a specific implementation method for the above claims. This section will elaborate on how to implement each key step of the method:

[0050] See also Figure 1 , Example 1: Lake water quality monitoring system

[0051] Several wireless sensor nodes are deployed in a medium-sized lake. Each node includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a turbidity sensor, and a dissolved oxygen sensor. Each sensor node forms a wireless mesh network through a wireless communication module, and transmits the collected data to a central control device at the edge of the lake.

[0052] System composition:

[0053] Wireless sensor nodes: including temperature sensors, pressure sensors, turbidity sensors and dissolved oxygen sensors. The temperature sensor is used to monitor water temperature changes, the pressure sensor is used to monitor water depth changes, the turbidity sensor is used to monitor the clarity of water quality, and the dissolved oxygen sensor is used to monitor the dissolved oxygen content in the water.

[0054] Wireless communication module: uses ZigBee communication protocol to form a wireless mesh network to ensure the stability and reliability of data transmission.

[0055] Power supply module: solar cell powered, equipped with batteries to ensure continuous power supply at night or on cloudy days.

[0056] Central control device: including data receiving module, data processing module and display module. The data receiving module is responsible for receiving data transmitted from each sensor node, the data processing module is responsible for analyzing and processing the data, and the display module is used to display the monitoring results in real time.

[0057] Workflow:

[0058] Each sensor node collects lake water temperature, pressure, turbidity and dissolved oxygen data every 10 minutes.

[0059] The data is transmitted to the central control device in the form of a wireless mesh network through the wireless communication module.

[0060] The data processing module of the central control device performs real-time analysis on the collected data and calculates the water temperature change rate, pressure change rate, turbidity change rate and dissolved oxygen change rate.

[0061] Calculation formula:

[0062]

[0063]

[0064]

[0065]

[0066] After data processing, the display module shows the water quality status of the lake in real time and generates a daily monitoring report.

[0067] The system automatically generates a water quality report every hour and uploads it to the monitoring platform of the lake management department so that relevant personnel can conduct real-time monitoring and decision-making.

[0068] Example 2: Marine Ecological Monitoring System

[0069] A large number of wireless sensor nodes are deployed in coastal areas. Each node includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a turbidity sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, and a pH sensor. Each node is powered by water flow energy to ensure long-term stable operation. The central control device uploads data to the cloud platform through a network interface module to achieve remote monitoring.

[0070] System composition:

[0071] Wireless sensor nodes: including temperature sensors, pressure sensors, turbidity sensors, dissolved oxygen sensors and pH sensors. They are used to comprehensively monitor various parameters of the marine environment.

[0072] Wireless communication module: Adopts LoRa communication protocol to ensure low power consumption and high reliability of long-distance data transmission.

[0073] Power supply module: It uses ocean current energy to supply power and is equipped with an energy collection device to convert water current energy into electrical energy to support long-term stable operation.

[0074] Central control device: includes data receiving module, data processing module, display module and network interface module. It is used to receive and process data transmitted from each sensor node, generate detailed monitoring reports, and upload data to the cloud platform through the network interface module.

[0075] Workflow:

[0076] Each sensor node collects ocean water temperature, pressure, turbidity, dissolved oxygen and pH data in real time.

[0077] The data is transmitted to the central control device through the LoRa communication module.

[0078] The data processing module conducts comprehensive analysis on the collected data and generates historical data reports and real-time alarm information.

[0079] The calculation formula is the same as in Example 1, and the pH value change rate is increased:

[0080]

[0081] After uploading the data to the cloud platform, users can access and analyze the monitoring data through the Internet to achieve remote monitoring. The daily generated monitoring report contains detailed analysis of the trend of changes in marine environmental parameters to help scientific research and environmental protection decision-making.

[0082] Example 3: River pollution monitoring system

[0083] Several wireless sensor nodes are deployed along a river. Each node includes a temperature sensor, a turbidity sensor, and a dissolved oxygen sensor. The nodes are powered by batteries, and data is transmitted to a central control device via a wireless communication module. The central control device displays and remotely transmits monitoring data in real time via a display module and a network interface module.

[0084] System composition: Wireless sensor nodes: including temperature sensors, turbidity sensors and dissolved oxygen sensors. Mainly monitor key indicators of river water quality.

[0085] Wireless communication module: Adopts NB-IoT communication protocol, suitable for long-distance and low-power communication requirements of river monitoring.

[0086] Power supply module: Powered by high-efficiency lithium batteries and equipped with a low-power management system to ensure long-term stable operation.

[0087] Central control device: includes data receiving module, data processing module, display module and network interface module. It receives, processes and displays monitoring data, and realizes remote data transmission through the network interface module.

[0088] Workflow:

[0089] Each sensor node collects river water temperature, turbidity and dissolved oxygen data every 5 minutes.

[0090] The data is transmitted to the central control device through the NB-IoT communication module.

[0091] The data processing module analyzes and processes the collected data and generates a pollution monitoring report.

[0092] The calculation formula is the same as that in Example 1.

[0093] The display module displays the monitoring data in real time, and uploads the data to the monitoring platform of the river management department through the network interface module, providing real-time warnings for pollution incidents.

[0094] The monitoring reports generated daily help management departments take timely measures to prevent and control river pollution.

[0095] Example 4: Reservoir water quality monitoring system

[0096] Several wireless sensor nodes are deployed in a large reservoir. Each node includes a temperature sensor, a turbidity sensor, and a pH sensor. Each node is powered by solar energy, and data is transmitted to the central control device of the reservoir management center through a wireless communication module. The system can monitor and warn of abnormal water quality.

[0097] System composition: Wireless sensor nodes: including temperature sensor, turbidity sensor and pH sensor. Monitor the main water quality indicators of the reservoir.

[0098] Wireless communication module: adopts Wi-Fi communication protocol, suitable for wireless data transmission around the reservoir.

[0099] Power supply module: Utilize solar energy for power supply, equipped with high-efficiency solar panels and battery system to ensure all-weather power supply.

[0100] Central control device: including data receiving module, data processing module, display module and network interface module. It is responsible for receiving, processing and displaying monitoring data, and realizing remote transmission and monitoring of data through the network interface module.

[0101] Workflow:

[0102] Each sensor node collects reservoir water temperature, turbidity and pH data every 10 minutes.

[0103] The data is transmitted to the central control device via the Wi-Fi communication module.

[0104] The data processing module analyzes and processes the collected data to generate water quality monitoring reports and early warning information.

[0105] The calculation formula is the same as that in Example 2.

[0106] The display module displays the monitoring data in real time and uploads the data to the monitoring platform of the reservoir management department through the network interface module to ensure timely detection of abnormal water quality conditions.

[0107] The monitoring reports generated daily help reservoir management departments to scientifically manage reservoir water quality and ensure the reservoir’s ecological environment and water source safety.

[0108] Example 5: Wetland Ecological Monitoring System

[0109] Several wireless sensor nodes are deployed in a large wetland ecological reserve. Each node includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a turbidity sensor, and a dissolved oxygen sensor. The nodes are powered by solar energy, and the data is transmitted to the central control device through a wireless communication module to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the wetland environment.

[0110] System composition: Wireless sensor nodes: including temperature sensor, humidity sensor, turbidity sensor and dissolved oxygen sensor. Comprehensively monitor the key parameters of wetland ecological environment.

[0111] Wireless communication module: uses ZigBee communication protocol to form a stable wireless mesh network.

[0112] Power supply module: Use solar energy to supply power to ensure the system operates around the clock.

[0113] Central control device: includes data receiving module, data processing module, display module and network interface module. It receives, processes and displays monitoring data, and realizes remote transmission and monitoring of data through the network interface module.

[0114] Workflow:

[0115] Each sensor node collects temperature, humidity, turbidity and dissolved oxygen data of the wetland in real time.

[0116] The data is transmitted to the central control device via the wireless communication module.

[0117] The data processing module conducts comprehensive analysis on the collected data and generates a detailed wetland ecological environment report.

[0118] The calculation formula is the same as that in Example 1.

[0119] The display module displays the wetland ecological environment data in real time, and uploads the data to the monitoring platform of the wetland protection and management department through the network interface module.

[0120] The monitoring reports generated daily help wetland management departments understand the ecological and environmental conditions of wetlands in real time and take effective measures to protect wetland ecosystems.

[0121] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0122] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An underwater monitoring system based on a wireless sensor network, characterized in that: include: Multiple wireless sensor nodes: deployed in the monitored waters, each node contains a sensor module for detecting underwater environmental parameters; Wireless communication module: It is configured in each wireless sensor node to realize wireless transmission of data; Central control device: It is used to receive and process data from each wireless sensor node and generate monitoring reports.

2. The underwater monitoring system based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The sensor module includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a turbidity sensor.

3. The underwater monitoring system based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wireless communication module performs data transmission via a wireless mesh network.

4. The underwater monitoring system based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central control device comprises: Data receiving module: used to receive data from wireless sensor nodes; Data processing module: used to analyze and process the received data; Display module: used to display underwater environmental conditions in real time.

5. The underwater monitoring system based on wireless sensor network according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The data processing module can generate historical data reports and real-time alarm information, and can calculate and analyze the water temperature change rate, pressure change rate and turbidity change rate.

6. The underwater monitoring system based on wireless sensor network according to claim 5, characterized in that: The data processing module uses the following formula to calculate the water temperature change rate: Where ΔT is the water temperature change rate, T current is the current temperature, T previous is the temperature of the previous measurement, Δt is the time interval between the two measurements; The data processing module uses the following formula to calculate the pressure change rate: Where ΔP is the pressure change rate, P current is the current pressure, P previous is the pressure of the previous measurement, Δt is the time interval between the two measurements; The data processing module further uses the following formula to calculate the turbidity change rate: Among them, ΔNTU is the turbidity change rate, NTU current is the current turbidity, NTU previous is the turbidity of the previous measurement, and Δt is the time interval between the two measurements.

7. The underwater monitoring system based on wireless sensor network according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each wireless sensor node also includes a power supply module for supplying power to the sensor module and the wireless communication module.

8. The underwater monitoring system based on wireless sensor network according to claim 7, characterized in that: The power supply module includes one or more combinations of battery power supply, solar power supply or water flow power supply; the central control device also includes a network interface module for uploading monitoring data to a cloud platform to realize remote monitoring; the central control device is connected to a remote monitoring center via a wireless communication network to realize remote transmission and real-time monitoring of data.

9. The underwater monitoring system based on wireless sensor network according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sensor module of the wireless sensor node also includes a dissolved oxygen sensor and a pH sensor, and calculates the dissolved oxygen change rate by the following formula: Among them, ΔDO is the dissolved oxygen change rate, DO current is the current dissolved oxygen concentration, DO previous is the dissolved oxygen concentration measured last time, Δt is the time interval between two measurements, and the installation location and number of the wireless sensor nodes are optimized according to the water environment and monitoring requirements.

10. An underwater monitoring device based on a wireless sensor network, characterized in that: It includes a plurality of wireless sensor nodes arranged in the water area, each node includes a sensor module, a wireless communication module and a power supply module, and a central control device for receiving, processing and displaying data from each wireless sensor node.

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