Head-up display system and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a head-up display system and a design method of the head-up display system. The head-up display system comprises laminated glass and a projection assembly. The laminated glass has at least one projection display area, and each projection display area has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in which the thickness of the upper side edge is greater than the thickness of the lower side edge when the laminated glass is mounted on a vehicle, and has a section in which the wedge angle continuously decreases from the lower side edge to the upper side edge. A plurality of theoretical wedge angle values for measuring a wedge angle and eliminating reflection ghosting are arranged at any point of the section; fitting the measured wedge angle at each point position in the section to obtain an actual wedge angle fitting curve, wherein the actual wedge angle fitting curve has a continuous curve accommodated in a preset area; the projection assembly comprises at least one projection light source capable of projecting to at least one projection display area, and projection light emitted by the projection light source is incident to the projection display area to form a projection image. The head-up display system provided by the invention can weaken and even eliminate reflection ghosting of a multi-point dynamic observation head-up display image.

Description

Head-up display system and design method of head-up display system Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the automotive field, and in particular to a head-up display system and a design method for a head-up display system. Background Art

[0002] With the development of intelligent vehicles, head-up display (HUD) systems are increasingly being used in vehicles. These systems display images, such as driving information, in real time on the front windshield. When a vehicle travels on a gradient or uneven road, it experiences a certain degree of turbulence, which in turn causes the driver's eye position to shift relative to the road surface. This can cause the HUD image to experience ghosting or amplified ghosting, equivalent to viewing the HUD image from above or below a specific eye level. This type of ghosting is called global dynamic ghosting.

[0003] In addition, during the actual manufacturing process of laminated glass, the wedge angle curve of the middle wedge-shaped PVB film is not ideally smooth. Its local fluctuations can also cause uneven distribution of ghosting on the same virtual image surface. Local positions of the HUD image observed by the driver may produce ghosting or aggravate ghosting. This type of ghosting is called local dynamic ghosting.

[0004] The above-mentioned overall dynamic ghosting and local dynamic ghosting are collectively referred to as dynamic ghosting. The size of the ghosting on the HUD image changes dynamically as the driver's eye observation position moves. Both cause the HUD image to have ghosting or aggravated ghosting in actual use, affecting the driving experience.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a head-up display system, the head-up display system comprising laminated glass and a projection assembly;

[0007] The laminated glass has at least one projection display area. Each projection display area has a wedge-shaped cross-section in which the thickness of the upper side is greater than the thickness of the lower side when the laminated glass is installed in a vehicle. The laminated glass has a section in which the wedge angle decreases continuously from the lower side to the upper side. A plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​for measuring the wedge angle and eliminating reflection ghosting are provided at any point of the section.

[0008] The measured wedge angles at each point in the segment are fitted to obtain an actual wedge angle fitting curve; a plurality of limit points are calculated based on a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​at each point in the segment and a distance from an incident point to a bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value; the plurality of limit points are sequentially connected to enclose a predetermined area; and the actual wedge angle fitting curve is a continuous curve contained in the predetermined area;

[0009] The projection assembly includes at least one projection light source capable of projecting onto the at least one projection display area, and the projection light emitted by the projection light source is incident on the projection display area to form a projection image.

[0010] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a method for designing a head-up display system, the method comprising:

[0011] Providing a projection assembly and laminated glass, wherein projection light emitted by the projection assembly is incident on at least one projection display area on the laminated glass;

[0012] The eyebox surface located inside the vehicle is designed based on the observer inside the vehicle;

[0013] Designing a virtual image surface based on the projected image observed by an observer in the vehicle through each projection display area;

[0014] The eye box surface includes a plurality of sub-eye box surfaces sequentially from low to high, and the virtual image surface correspondingly includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces sequentially from high to low, wherein each sub-virtual image surface corresponds to a sub-eye box surface;

[0015] An observation lattice is selected on each sub-eye box surface, and a virtual image lattice is selected on each sub-virtual image surface, wherein a line connecting points in the observation lattice and points in the virtual image lattice passes through a corresponding projection display area, and an intersection of the line and the projection display area is an incident point;

[0016] Calculating multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​of the laminated glass when the projection image at the corresponding incident point position has no reflection ghosting based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the multiple connecting lines;

[0017] fitting, based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, to obtain a first variation curve of the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass changes;

[0018] Calculating a plurality of limiting points according to the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, wherein the plurality of limiting points are sequentially connected and enclosed to form a preset area;

[0019] Adjusting the first variation curve so that the adjusted first variation curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area;

[0020] The wedge angle value of the laminated glass in the corresponding projection display area is determined according to the adjusted first variation curve. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a head-up display system provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of imaging of a projected image in the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG1 ;

[0023] FIG3 is a fitting curve of an actual wedge angle of a projection display area in the head-up display system provided by the embodiment of FIG1 ;

[0024] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic observation projection image in the head-up display system provided by the embodiment of FIG1 ;

[0025] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an actual wedge angle fitting curve and a preset area of ​​a projection display area in an embodiment of the head-up display system provided in FIG4 ;

[0026] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an actual wedge angle fitting curve and a preset area of ​​a projection display area in another embodiment of the head-up display system provided in FIG4 ;

[0027] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an actual wedge angle fitting curve and a preset area of ​​a projection display area in another embodiment of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG4 ;

[0028] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an actual wedge angle fitting curve and a preset area of ​​a projection display area in another embodiment of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG4 ;

[0029] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an actual wedge angle fitting curve and a preset area of ​​a projection display area in another embodiment of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG4 ;

[0030] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a head-up display system provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of projection imaging in the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG10 ;

[0032] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of a head-up display system provided in another embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG13 is a flow chart of a design method for a head-up display system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a design method for a head-up display system according to the embodiment of FIG13 ;

[0035] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a first change curve in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG13 ;

[0036] FIG16 is a schematic diagram illustrating the design of the eye box surface and the virtual image surface in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG14 ;

[0037] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of the adjusted first variation curve in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG16 ;

[0038] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the first variation curve after further adjustment in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG17 ;

[0039] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the first variation curve after further adjustment in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG18 ;

[0040] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of the adjusted first variation curve passing through the seventh limit point in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG19 ;

[0041] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the adjusted first variation curve passing through the eighth limit point in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG19 ;

[0042] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of two adjacent first change curves of the same projection display area after adjustment in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG13 ;

[0043] FIG23 is a schematic diagram of two adjacent first change curves after adjustment for different types of projection display areas in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG13 ;

[0044] FIG24 is a schematic diagram showing the design of an observation dot matrix and a virtual image dot matrix in a design method of a head-up display system provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG25 is a scatter plot of theoretical wedge angle distribution values ​​when observing the second sub-virtual image plane without ghosting on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG24 ;

[0046] FIG26 is a scatter diagram showing the theoretical wedge angle distribution of three sub-virtual image planes without ghosting when observed from the perpendicular bisectors of the three sub-eye box planes in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of FIG24 .

[0047] : Reference numerals: head-up display system 1; laminated glass 10; projection assembly 20; projection display area 11; bottom edge 12; top edge 13; projection light source 21; lower side edge 111; upper side edge 112; segment 113; first projection display area 114; second projection display area 115; projection image 211; first projection light source 212; second projection light source 213; first sub-projection image 2111; second sub-projection image 2112; third sub-projection image 2113; first projection image 2121; second projection image 2131; actual wedge angle fitting curve L0; first change curve L10; adjusted first change curve L11; adjusted new first change curve L12; eye box EB; first eye box EB_S; second eye box EB_M; third eye box EB_T; preset area S0; new preset area S1; first limit Point P1; second limiting point P2; third limiting point P3; fourth limiting point P4; fifth limiting point P5; sixth limiting point P6; seventh limiting point G; eighth limiting point P8; first limiting line segment P1-P4; second limiting line segment P2-P3; eye box surface EB10; sub-eye box surface EB11; first sub-eye box surface EB12; second sub-eye box surface EB13; third sub-eye box surface EB14; observation point matrix EB111; first sub-observation point matrix EB121; second sub-observation point matrix EB131; third sub-observation point matrix EB141; virtual image surface TB10; sub-virtual image surface TB11; first sub-virtual image surface TB12; second sub-virtual image surface TB13; third sub-virtual image surface TB14; virtual image point matrix TB111; first sub-virtual image point matrix TB121; second sub-virtual image point matrix TB131; third sub-virtual image point matrix TB141. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a head-up display system, the head-up display system comprising laminated glass and a projection assembly;

[0049] The laminated glass has at least one projection display area. Each projection display area has a wedge-shaped cross-section in which the thickness of the upper side is greater than the thickness of the lower side when the laminated glass is installed in a vehicle. The laminated glass has a section in which the wedge angle decreases continuously from the lower side to the upper side. A plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​for measuring the wedge angle and eliminating reflection ghosting are provided at any point of the section.

[0050] The measured wedge angles at each point in the segment are fitted to obtain an actual wedge angle fitting curve; a plurality of limit points are calculated based on a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​at each point in the segment and a distance from an incident point to a bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value; the plurality of limit points are sequentially connected to enclose a predetermined area; and the actual wedge angle fitting curve is a continuous curve contained in the predetermined area;

[0051] The projection assembly includes at least one projection light source capable of projecting onto the at least one projection display area, and the projection light emitted by the projection light source is incident on the projection display area to form a projection image.

[0052] A plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​at each point in the section are fitted to obtain a first variation curve, and a maximum deviation between the actual wedge angle fitting curve and the first variation curve is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad.

[0053] The wedge angle in the section continuously and nonlinearly decreases from the lower side to the upper side, and both the actual wedge angle fitting curve and the first variation curve conform to 1-4 order functions.

[0054] The head-up display system includes a first eye box, a second eye box and a third eye box from low to high, and the projection image includes a first sub-projection image, a second sub-projection image and a third sub-projection image from high to low;

[0055] The preset area is a polygon, and the multiple limit points include a first limit point, a second limit point, a third limit point, and a fourth limit point;

[0056] Connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box and the center point of the first sub-projection image to obtain a first connecting line, wherein the coordinate information of the first limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the first connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image from the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box;

[0057] A second connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box and the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image, wherein the coordinate information of the second limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the second connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting when observing the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box;

[0058] connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box and the center point of the third sub-projection image to obtain a third connecting line, wherein the coordinate information of the third limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the third connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting by observing the center point of the third sub-projection image from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box;

[0059] A fourth line is obtained by connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box and the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image. Coordinate information of the fourth limiting point includes a distance from an intersection of the fourth line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting by observing the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image at the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box.

[0060] The plurality of limiting points further include a fifth limiting point and a sixth limiting point, and the preset area is formed by sequentially connecting and enclosing the first limiting point, the fifth limiting point, the second limiting point, the third limiting point, the sixth limiting point, and the fourth limiting point;

[0061] Connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box and the center point of the first sub-projection image to obtain a fifth line, wherein the coordinate information of the fifth limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the fifth line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box;

[0062] A sixth line is obtained by connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box and the center point of the third sub-projection image. The coordinate information of the sixth limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the sixth line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting by observing the center point of the third sub-projection image at the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box.

[0063] The line connecting the first limit point and the fourth limit point forms a first limit line segment, the line connecting the second limit point and the third limit point forms a second limit line segment, the actual wedge angle fitting curve intersects with the first limit line segment, and / or the actual wedge angle fitting curve intersects with the second limit line segment.

[0064] The actual wedge angle fitting curve passes through a seventh limit point, and the seventh limit point is the center of gravity of a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​without reflection ghosting obtained by observing the second sub-projection image at points corresponding to the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box in the coordinate system where the actual wedge angle fitting curve is located.

[0065] The actual wedge angle fitting curve passes through an eighth limiting point, and an eighth line is obtained by connecting the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box and the center point of the second sub-projection image. The coordinate information of the eighth limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the eighth line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value without reflection ghosting obtained by observing the center point of the second sub-projection image at the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box.

[0066] Wherein, in the direction from the bottom edge of the laminated glass to the top edge, the ratio of the length of the segment to the length of the projection display area is not less than 70%.

[0067] Wherein, the at least one projection display area includes:

[0068] At least one first projection display area, the projection light source is incident on the first projection display area to form a first projection image, and the virtual image distance of the first projection image is 7 meters to 100 meters;

[0069] and at least one second projection display area, the projection light source is incident on the second projection display area to form a second projection image, and the virtual image distance of the second projection image is 1 meter to 6 meters.

[0070] The projection assembly includes at least one first projection light source and at least one second projection light source, the first projection light source is incident on the first projection display area, and the second projection light source is incident on the second projection display area.

[0071] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application further provide a method for designing a head-up display system, the method comprising:

[0072] Providing a projection assembly and laminated glass, wherein projection light emitted by the projection assembly is incident on at least one projection display area on the laminated glass;

[0073] The eyebox surface located inside the vehicle is designed based on the observer inside the vehicle;

[0074] Designing a virtual image surface based on the projected image observed by an observer in the vehicle through each projection display area;

[0075] The eye box surface includes a plurality of sub-eye box surfaces sequentially from low to high, and the virtual image surface correspondingly includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces sequentially from high to low, wherein each sub-virtual image surface corresponds to a sub-eye box surface;

[0076] An observation lattice is selected on each sub-eye box surface, and a virtual image lattice is selected on each sub-virtual image surface, wherein a line connecting points in the observation lattice and points in the virtual image lattice passes through a corresponding projection display area, and an intersection of the line and the projection display area is an incident point;

[0077] Calculating multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​of the laminated glass when the projection image at the corresponding incident point position has no reflection ghosting based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the multiple connecting lines;

[0078] fitting, based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, to obtain a first variation curve of the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass changes;

[0079] Calculating a plurality of limiting points according to the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, wherein the plurality of limiting points are sequentially connected and enclosed to form a preset area;

[0080] Adjusting the first variation curve so that the adjusted first variation curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area;

[0081] The wedge angle value of the laminated glass in the corresponding projection display area is determined according to the adjusted first variation curve.

[0082] The adjusted first variation curve complies with a 1st to 4th order function and has a continuous curve with continuously decreasing nonlinearity.

[0083] The eye box surface includes, from low to high, a first sub-eye box surface, a second sub-eye box surface, and a third sub-eye box surface; the virtual image surface correspondingly includes, from high to low, a first sub-virtual image surface, a second sub-virtual image surface, and a third sub-virtual image surface; the preset area is a polygon, and the multiple limit points include a first limit point, a second limit point, a third limit point, and a fourth limit point;

[0084] The step of “calculating a plurality of limit points based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass” includes:

[0085] A first connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface and the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane, and the first connecting line intersects the projected display area at a first incident point. A second connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface and the upper left corner point of the second sub-virtual image plane, and the second connecting line intersects the projected display area at a second incident point. A third connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface and the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane, and the third connecting line intersects the projected display area at a third incident point. A fourth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface and the lower right corner point of the second sub-virtual image plane, and the fourth connecting line intersects the projected display area at a fourth incident point.

[0086] Calculating a first limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the first incident point, a second limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the second incident point, a third limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the third incident point, and a fourth limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the fourth incident point based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, the first connecting line, the second connecting line, the third connecting line, and the fourth connecting line;

[0087] A first limit point is obtained according to the first limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; a second limit point is obtained according to the second limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; a third limit point is obtained according to the third limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; and a fourth limit point is obtained according to the fourth limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass.

[0088] Wherein, after the step of “obtaining a first limiting point according to the first limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, obtaining a second limiting point according to the second limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, obtaining a third limiting point according to the third limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and obtaining a fourth limiting point according to the fourth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass”, the step of “calculating a plurality of limiting points according to the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each of the theoretical wedge angle values” further includes:

[0089] A fifth line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface and the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane, and the fifth line intersects the projection display area at a fifth incident point. A sixth line is obtained by connecting the base of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface and the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane, and the sixth line intersects the projection display area at a sixth incident point.

[0090] Calculating a fifth limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the fifth incident point and a sixth limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the sixth incident point based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, the fifth connecting line, and the sixth connecting line;

[0091] and obtaining a fifth limiting point according to the fifth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fifth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and obtaining a sixth limiting point according to the sixth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the sixth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass;

[0092] The vertices of the preset area also include the fifth limiting point and the sixth limiting point, and the preset area is formed by sequentially connecting the first limiting point, the fifth limiting point, the second limiting point, the third limiting point, the sixth limiting point and the fourth limiting point.

[0093] The line connecting the first limiting point and the fourth limiting point is a first limiting line segment, and the line connecting the second limiting point and the third limiting point is a second limiting line segment. The “adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area” includes:

[0094] The first change curve is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area, and the adjusted first change curve intersects with the first limiting line segment, and / or the adjusted first change curve intersects with the second limiting line segment.

[0095] The “calculating a plurality of limit points based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass” includes:

[0096] Connecting observation points on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface and virtual image points on the second sub-virtual image surface to obtain a plurality of seventh connecting lines, wherein the plurality of seventh connecting lines intersect the projection display area to obtain a plurality of seventh incident points;

[0097] Calculating a plurality of seventh limiting theoretical wedge angle values ​​without reflection ghosting at the plurality of seventh incident points based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the plurality of seventh connecting lines;

[0098] and obtaining a scatter point distribution according to the plurality of seventh limiting theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the plurality of seventh incident points to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and calculating the center of gravity of the scatter point distribution to obtain the seventh limiting point;

[0099] The step of “adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area” includes:

[0100] The first change curve is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area, and the adjusted first change curve passes through the seventh limit point.

[0101] The “calculating a plurality of limit points based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass” includes:

[0102] An eighth connecting line is obtained by connecting the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface and the center point of the second sub-virtual image surface, and the eighth connecting line intersects the projection display area to obtain an eighth incident point;

[0103] Calculating an eighth limiting theoretical wedge angle value without reflection ghosting at the eighth incident point based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the eighth connecting line;

[0104] and obtaining an eighth limiting point according to the eighth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the eighth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass;

[0105] The step of “adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area” includes:

[0106] The first change curve is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area, and the adjusted first change curve passes through the eighth limit point.

[0107] The ratio of the maximum local extreme difference ΔW of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​to the overall extreme difference ΔC of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​is: ΔW / ΔC≤0.9.

[0108] The at least one projection display area includes at least two first projection display areas, or at least two second projection display areas, and at least two adjusted first variation curves of the wedge angle versus the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass are obtained by fitting. When the maximum deviation of two adjacent adjusted first variation curves is greater than 0.15 mrad, after "determining the wedge angle value of the laminated glass in the corresponding projection display area according to the adjusted first variation curve," the design method of the head-up display system further includes:

[0109] Adjusting the distance between the eye box surface and the virtual image surface corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves;

[0110] Recalculating and obtaining a plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values;

[0111] According to the multiple new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, fitting is performed to obtain a new first variation curve of the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is varied, and a new preset area is calculated;

[0112] Adjusting the new first variation curve so that the adjusted new first variation curve has a continuous curve contained in the new preset area;

[0113] and determining whether a maximum deviation value between the adjusted new first change curve and another of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad;

[0114] If not, repeat the above steps;

[0115] If so, the wedge angle value of the laminated glass in the corresponding first projection display area or the second projection display area is determined according to the adjusted new first variation curve.

[0116] The at least one projection display area includes at least one first projection display area and at least one second projection display area, and at least two adjusted first variation curves of the wedge angle versus the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass are fitted. When the maximum deviation of two adjacent adjusted first variation curves is greater than 0.2 mrad, after "determining the wedge angle value of the laminated glass in the corresponding projection display area according to the adjusted first variation curve," the head-up display system design method further includes:

[0117] Adjusting the distance between the eye box surface and the virtual image surface corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves;

[0118] Recalculating and obtaining a plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values;

[0119] According to the multiple new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, fitting is performed to obtain a new first variation curve of the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is varied, and a new preset area is calculated;

[0120] Adjusting the new first variation curve so that the adjusted new first variation curve has a continuous curve contained in the new preset area;

[0121] and determining whether a maximum deviation value between the adjusted new first change curve and another of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves is less than or equal to 0.2 mrad;

[0122] If not, repeat the above steps;

[0123] If so, the wedge angle value of the laminated glass in the corresponding first projection display area or the second projection display area is determined according to the adjusted new first variation curve.

[0124] The adjusted set of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​has a maximum local range value △WU, the adjusted set of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​has an overall range value △CU, and the ratio of △WU to △CU is: △WU / △CU≤0.9.

[0125] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0126] References herein to "embodiments" or "implementations" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments or implementations may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of such phrases in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor do they constitute independent or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0127] Please refer to Figures 1, 2, and 3. Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a head-up display system according to one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the projection image in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 1; and Figure 3 is a fitting curve of the actual wedge angle of the projection display area in the head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 1. In this embodiment, the head-up display system 1 includes laminated glass 10 and a projection assembly 20. The laminated glass 10 has at least one projection display area 11. Each projection display area 11 has a wedge-shaped cross-section in which the thickness of the upper side 112 is greater than the thickness of the lower side 111 when the laminated glass 10 is installed in a vehicle, and includes a section 113 where the wedge angle continuously decreases from the lower side 111 to the upper side 112. Multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​for measuring the wedge angle and eliminating reflection ghosting are present at any point in the section 113. The measured wedge angles at each point within the section 113 are fitted to obtain an actual wedge angle fitting curve L0. Multiple limiting points are calculated based on multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at various points within the segment 113 and the distances from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. These limiting points are sequentially connected to form a predetermined area, and the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 is a continuous curve contained within the predetermined area S0. The projection assembly 20 includes at least one projection light source 21 capable of projecting onto the at least one projection display area 11. Projection light emitted by the projection light source 21 is incident on the projection display area 11 to form a projected image 211.

[0128] In this embodiment, each projection display area 11 has a segment 113 whose wedge angle continuously and nonlinearly decreases monotonically from the lower side 111 to the upper side 112. It is understood that, in the projection display area 11, except for the segment 113, the wedge angles of the other segments 113 can be equal to 0, can be a constant wedge angle, can increase linearly or nonlinearly, can decrease linearly or nonlinearly, or can continuously decrease along with the wedge angle of the segment 113.

[0129] In this embodiment, the head-up display system 1 is used to display information on the front windshield of a vehicle. The head-up display system 1 includes a projection component 20. The image projected by the projection component 20 onto the at least one projection display area 11 includes at least one of one or more types of HUD images, one or more angle HUD images, and one or more distance HUD images, so that the head-up display system 1 has multiple information displays, increasing the richness of the image display of the head-up display system 1. The at least one projection display area 11 is used to display HUD images. Specifically, the multiple projection display areas 11 can be used to set up an augmented reality head-up display (AR-HUD) or a windshield head-up display (W-HUD), etc.

[0130] In this embodiment, the projection assembly 20 includes at least one projection light source 21 that projects onto the at least one projection display area 11. One projection light source 21 is provided corresponding to one projection display area 11, or one projection light source 21 is provided corresponding to multiple projection display areas 11. In one embodiment, the projection light emitted by the projection light source 21 is directly incident on the projection display area 11. In another embodiment, the projection light emitted by the projection assembly 20 is incident on the projection display area 11 through a reflection device.

[0131] In this embodiment, the wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 at the at least one projection display area 11 is used to eliminate reflection ghosting when light emitted by the projection assembly 20 is incident on the at least one projection display area 11 to form a projected image 211. Specifically, the laminated glass 10 is used in a vehicle for exemplary description. When the projection assembly 20 projects the projection light forming the projected image 211 onto the projection display area 11, due to the thickness of the laminated glass 10, the image of the projection light reflected from the inner glass of the laminated glass 10 onto the eye box EB in the driver's cabin and the image of the projection light reflected from the outer glass of the laminated glass 10 onto the eye box EB will produce reflection ghosting (also known as secondary images). When the laminated glass 10 also contains a highly reflective dielectric layer, such as a metal coating layer containing Ag or a highly reflective modified PET, reflections will also occur, resulting in multiple reflection ghosting. Therefore, the laminated glass 10 needs to be provided with a certain wedge angle value in the projection display area 11 so that the image of the projection light reflected from the glass on the inner side of the laminated glass 10 to the eye box EB in the cab overlaps with the image of the projection light reflected from the glass on the outer side of the laminated glass 10 or from the highly reflective medium layer to the eye box EB, thereby eliminating double reflections and allowing the observer to see the projected image 211 without double reflections through the projection display area 11. The eye box EB refers to the driver's eyes in the cab.

[0132] Since the light reflected by the projected image 211 from different areas on the projection display area 11 and entering the eye box EB has different angles, different wedge angle values ​​need to be set for different areas of the laminated glass 10 on the projection display area 11 to ensure that different areas on the projection display area 11 have little or no ghosting when observed from the same position of the eye box EB.

[0133] During vehicle travel, when traveling on a road with a varying slope or uneven surface, the vehicle will experience a certain degree of turbulence, causing the height of the eyebox EB relative to the ground to dynamically change. This, in turn, results in a dynamic change in the intersection of the projection light of the projected image 211 entering the eyebox EB and the projection display area 11, leading to overall dynamic ghosting. Furthermore, during the actual manufacturing process of laminated glass 10, the wedge angle curve of the middle wedge-shaped PVB film is not ideally smooth. Local fluctuations in this curve can also cause uneven distribution of ghosting in the projected image 211, resulting in ghosting or aggravated ghosting when viewed from the eyebox EB through the projection display area 11, i.e., local dynamic ghosting. Therefore, different wedge angle values ​​should be set for different areas of the projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 to ensure minimal or no reflection ghosting when the projected image 211 is dynamically viewed from different locations of the eyebox EB.

[0134] In the related art, the wedge angle change of the laminated glass 10 in the image display area is simply to splice several wedge angle values ​​into straight segments, or to perform a simple arc transition at the bend of the spliced ​​straight segments. This cannot solve the ghosting problem of the head-up display images in multiple areas of the projection display area 11, nor can it solve the dynamic ghosting problem in the same area of ​​the projection display area 11.

[0135] In this embodiment (see FIG. 3 ), each projection display area 11 has a wedge-shaped cross-section, wherein the thickness of the upper side 112 of the laminated glass 10 when installed in a vehicle is greater than that of the lower side 111, and the wedge angle decreases continuously from the lower side 111 to the upper side 112. L0 in FIG. 3 is an actual fitting curve showing the wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 in a projection display area 11 as a function of distance from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. The wedge angle of the laminated glass 10 in each projection display area 11 decreases continuously from the lower side 111 toward the upper side 112, thereby reducing or even eliminating ghosting of the head-up display image in each projection display area 11.

[0136] Specifically, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 comprises a continuous curve within the preset region S0. The preset region S0 is the intersection of a scattered distribution area of ​​multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​for observing the center of the projected image 211 from the eyebox EB at different heights without ghosting, and a scattered distribution area of ​​multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​for observing the entire projected image from the eyebox EB at a specific height without ghosting. Therefore, the actual wedge angle values ​​corresponding to the continuous curve within the preset region S0 have a small deviation from the theoretical wedge angle values ​​for observing the center of the projected image 211 from the eyebox EB at different heights without ghosting, and from the theoretical wedge angle values ​​for observing the entire projected image 211 from the eyebox EB at a specific height without ghosting. In other words, the center of the projected image 211 has little or no ghosting when observed from the eyebox EB at different heights, and the entire projected image 211 has little or no ghosting when observed from the eyebox EB at a specific height. Generally, the image information at the center point of the projected image 211 is information of a higher level of importance. Therefore, by weakening or even eliminating the reflected ghosting of the center point of the projected image 211 during dynamic observation, the local dynamic ghosting at the center point of the projected image 211 can be effectively weakened or even eliminated, and the impact of the overall dynamic ghosting of the projected image 211 on information transmission can be reduced.

[0137] Compared to related art, embodiments of the present application provide a head-up display system 1, comprising laminated glass 10 and a projection assembly 20. The laminated glass 10 has a wedge-shaped cross-section in a projection display area 11, wherein the thickness of the upper side 112 is greater than that of the lower side 111. The laminated glass 10 also has a section 113 in which the wedge angle continuously and nonlinearly decreases monotonically from the lower side 111 to the upper side 112. The measured wedge angles at each point in the section 113 are fitted to obtain an actual wedge angle fitting curve L0. The actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 comprises a continuous curve contained within a predetermined region S0, such that the continuous curve and a line connecting multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​corresponding to eliminating reflection ghosting in the projection display area 11 during dynamic changes in the center of the projected image 211 tend to coincide. This reduces or even eliminates ghosting of the head-up display image obtained through the projection display area 11, thereby improving the quality of the head-up display image projected onto the laminated glass 10 and facilitating the driver's dynamic observation of the head-up display image while the vehicle is in motion, thereby enhancing driving safety and comfort. The head-up display system 1 provided in the present application can reduce or even eliminate ghosting of the head-up display image observed dynamically at multiple points.

[0138] 1 and 3 , in this embodiment, a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​at various points within the section 113 are fitted to obtain a first variation curve L10 , and a maximum deviation Δαmax between the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 and the first variation curve L10 is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad.

[0139] In this embodiment, the first variation curve L10 is a curve obtained by fitting multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​for the eyebox EB to observe the projected image 211 at a specific position without reflection ghosting. The maximum deviation Δαmax between the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 and the first variation curve L10 is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad. This ensures that the eyebox EB observes the projected image 211 at the specific position with minimal or no reflection ghosting, and also ensures that the eyebox EB observes the projected image 211 at the center with minimal or no reflection ghosting when the eyebox EB dynamically observes the projected image 211.

[0140] 1 and 3 again, in this embodiment, the wedge angle in the section 113 continuously and nonlinearly decreases from the lower side 111 to the upper side 112 , and the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 and the first variation curve L10 both conform to 1-4 order functions.

[0141] In this embodiment, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 and the first variation curve L10 both conform to 1-4 order functions, ensuring that the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 is smooth at all locations, thereby preventing sudden changes in local wedge angle values ​​from aggravating reflection ghosting.

[0142] Please refer to Figures 4 and 5. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of dynamically observing a projected image in the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of Figure 1; Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an actual wedge angle fitting curve and a preset area of ​​the projection display area in one embodiment of the head-up display system provided in Figure 4. In this embodiment, the head-up display system 1 includes, from lower to higher, a first eyebox EB_S, a second eyebox EB_M, and a third eyebox EB_T. The projected image 211 includes, from higher to lower, a first sub-projection image 2111, a second sub-projection image 2112, and a third sub-projection image 2113. The preset area S0 is a polygon, and the multiple limiting points include a first limiting point P1, a second limiting point P2, a third limiting point P3, and a fourth limiting point P4. A first connecting line is formed by connecting the base of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S and the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111. The coordinate information of the first limiting point P1 includes the distance from the intersection of the first connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, as well as the theoretical wedge angle value for avoiding double reflections by observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 from the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S. A second connecting line is formed by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M with the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image 2112. The coordinate information of the second limiting point P2 includes the distance from the intersection of the second connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, as well as the theoretical wedge angle value for avoiding double reflections by observing the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M. A third connecting line is formed by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T with the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113. The coordinate information of the third limiting point P3 includes the distance from the intersection of the third connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, as well as the theoretical wedge angle value for avoiding double reflections, obtained by observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T. A fourth connecting line is formed by connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M and the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112. The coordinate information of the fourth limiting point P4 includes the distance from the intersection of the fourth connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, as well as the theoretical wedge angle value for avoiding double reflections, obtained by observing the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 at the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M.

[0143] In this embodiment, the first eyebox EB_S, the second eyebox EB_M, and the third eyebox EB_T represent different heights of the driver's eyes from the ground in the vehicle's cab. The second eyebox EB_M represents the normal height of the driver's eyes when the vehicle is not bumpy. Accordingly, the eyeboxes EB observe the projected image 211 through the projection display area 11 at different heights. The projected image 211 appears at different heights on the side of the laminated glass 10 facing away from the eyeboxes EB. Specifically, the first eyebox EB_S observes the first sub-projection image 2111, the second eyebox EB_M observes the second sub-projection image 2112, and the third eyebox EB_T observes the third sub-projection image 2113.

[0144] In this embodiment, the predetermined region S0 is a quadrilateral formed by sequentially connecting a first limiting point P1, a second limiting point P2, a third limiting point P3, and a fourth limiting point P4. Specifically, the predetermined region S0 and the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 are in the same coordinate system, where the abscissa represents the distance from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the ordinate represents the wedge angle value.

[0145] Among them, the horizontal coordinate of the first limit point P1 is the distance from the intersection of the first connecting line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 at the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S without reflection ghosting.

[0146] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, as the observation point observing the center of the first sub-projection image 2111 on the first eyebox EB_S moves from the base of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S toward its apex, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the center of the first sub-projection image 2111, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly distant from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections decreases. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​required to eliminate double reflections when observing the center of the first sub-projection image 2111 on the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S are scattered to the lower right of the first limit point P1.

[0147] Among them, the horizontal coordinate of the second limit point P2 is the distance from the intersection of the second line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value when observing the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 without reflection ghosting at the vertex of the bisector of the second eye box EB_M.

[0148] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, on the second eyebox EB_M, as the observation point observing the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 moves from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M toward the base, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image 2112, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly closer to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections becomes increasingly larger. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​for eliminating double reflections when observing the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 from the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M are scattered to the upper left of the second limit point P2. Furthermore, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​for eliminating double reflections when observing the center of the second sub-projection image 2112 from the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M are also scattered to the upper left of the second limit point P2.

[0149] Among them, the horizontal coordinate of the third limit point P3 is the distance from the intersection of the third line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value without reflection ghosting when observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T.

[0150] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, as the observation point of the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 on the third eyebox EB_T moves from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox EB_T toward the base, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly closer to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections increases. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​required to eliminate double reflections when observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 on the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox EB_T are scattered to the upper left of the third limiting point P3.

[0151] Among them, the horizontal coordinate of the fourth limit point P4 is the distance from the intersection of the fourth line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value without reflection ghosting when observing the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 at the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M.

[0152] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, on the second eyebox EB_M, as the observation point observing the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 moves from the base of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M toward its apex, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly distant from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections decreases. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​for eliminating double reflections when observing the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image 2112 from the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M are scattered to the lower right of the fourth limiting point P4. Furthermore, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​for eliminating double reflections when observing the center of the second sub-projection image 2112 from the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M are also scattered to the lower right of the fourth limiting point P4.

[0153] Therefore, the predetermined area S0, formed by sequentially connecting the first limiting point P1, the second limiting point P2, the third limiting point P3, and the fourth limiting point P4, includes a plurality of theoretical wedge angle distributions for observing the center point of the projected image 211 from different points on the perpendicular midline of the first eyebox EB_S, different points on the perpendicular midline of the second eyebox EB_M, and different points on the perpendicular midline of the third eyebox EB_T without ghosting. Therefore, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, which is a continuous curve contained within the predetermined area S0, deviates slightly from the theoretical wedge angle value for eliminating ghosting when observing the center point of the projected image 211 while moving along the perpendicular midline of the eyebox EB. In other words, the wedge angle setting in the projection display area 11 can reduce or even eliminate ghosting when dynamically observing the center point of the projected image 211.

[0154] Please refer to Figures 4 and 6. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the actual wedge angle fitting curve and the preset area of ​​the projection display area in another embodiment of the head-up display system provided in Figure 4. In this embodiment, the multiple limiting points also include a fifth limiting point P5 and a sixth limiting point P6, and the preset area S0 is formed by sequentially connecting the first limiting point P1, the fifth limiting point P5, the second limiting point P2, the third limiting point P3, the sixth limiting point P6, and the fourth limiting point P4. A fifth line is formed by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S with the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111. The coordinate information of the fifth limiting point P5 includes the distance from the intersection of the fifth line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, as well as the theoretical wedge angle value obtained by observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S without double reflection. A sixth line is formed by connecting the base of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T with the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113. The coordinate information of the sixth limit point P6 includes the distance from the intersection of the sixth line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle value obtained by observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 at the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T without reflection ghosting.

[0155] In this embodiment, the predetermined area S0 is a hexagon and is formed by sequentially connecting and enclosing a first limiting point P1, a fifth limiting point P5, a second limiting point P2, a third limiting point P3, a sixth limiting point P6, and a fourth limiting point P4. Specifically, the predetermined area S0 and the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 are in the same coordinate system, where the abscissa represents the distance from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the ordinate represents the wedge angle value.

[0156] Among them, the horizontal coordinate of the fifth limit point P5 is the distance from the intersection of the fifth line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 at the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S without reflection ghosting.

[0157] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, as the observation point on the first eyebox EB_S observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 moves from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S toward the base, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly closer to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections increases. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​required to eliminate double reflections when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111 from the perpendicular bisector of the first eyebox EB_S are scattered to the upper left of the fifth limiting point P5.

[0158] Among them, the horizontal coordinate of the sixth limit point P6 is the distance from the intersection of the sixth line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the vertical coordinate is the theoretical wedge angle value when observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 without reflection ghosting from the bottom point of the bisector of the third eye box EB_T.

[0159] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, as the observation point of the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 on the third eyebox EB_T moves from the base of the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox EB_T toward its apex, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly distant from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections decreases. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​required to eliminate double reflections when observing the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 on the perpendicular bisector of the third eyebox EB_T are scattered to the lower right of the sixth limiting point P6.

[0160] Therefore, the predetermined area S0, formed by sequentially connecting the first limit point P1, the fifth limit point P5, the second limit point P2, the third limit point P3, the sixth limit point P6, and the fourth limit point P4, more accurately includes multiple theoretical wedge angle value distributions for observing different regions of the projected image 211 from different points on the perpendicular midline of the first eyebox EB_S, different points on the perpendicular midline of the second eyebox EB_M, and different points on the perpendicular midline of the third eyebox EB_T without reflection ghosting. Consequently, the deviation between the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, which is a continuous curve contained within the predetermined area S0, and the theoretical wedge angle value for eliminating reflection ghosting in different regions of the projected image 211 when moving along the perpendicular midline of the eyebox is further reduced. In other words, the wedge angle setting in the projection display area 11 can further reduce or even eliminate ghosting in different regions of the projected image 211 when dynamically observing.

[0161] Please refer to Figures 4 and 7. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the actual wedge angle fitting curve and the preset area of ​​the projection display area in another embodiment of the head-up display system provided in Figure 4. In this embodiment, the line connecting the first limit point P1 and the fourth limit point P4 forms a first limit line segment P1-P4, the line connecting the second limit point P2 and the third limit point P3 forms a second limit line segment P2-P3, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 intersects the first limit line segment P1-P4, and / or the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 intersects the second limit line segment P2-P3.

[0162] In this embodiment, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 intersects with the first limiting line segment P1-P4, so that the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0, while reducing the deviation value of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 located on the left side of the first limiting line segment P1-P4 and the theoretical wedge angle value when the first sub-projection image 2111 is observed from some points on the median perpendicular line of the first eye box EB_S near the bottom area without reflection ghosting. It also reduces the deviation value of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 located on the left side of the first limiting line segment P1-P4 and the theoretical wedge angle value when the second sub-projection image 2112 is observed from some points on the median perpendicular line of the second eye box EB_M near the bottom area without reflection ghosting.

[0163] In this embodiment, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 intersects with the second limiting line segment P2-P3, so that the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0, while reducing the deviation value of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 between the segment to the right of the second limiting line segment P2-P3 and the theoretical wedge angle value when the second sub-projection image 2112 is observed from some points on the median perpendicular of the second eye box EB_M near the top area without reflection ghosting, and also reduces the deviation value of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 between the segment to the right of the second limiting line segment P2-P3 and the theoretical wedge angle value when the third sub-projection image 2113 is observed from some points on the median perpendicular of the third eye box EB_T near the top area without reflection ghosting.

[0164] In addition, in this embodiment, when the human eye moves from the bottom point to the top point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box EB_S and observes the center point of the first sub-projection image 2111, the theoretical wedge angle value without reflection ghosting is distributed near the line connecting the first limit point P1 and the fifth limit point P5. Preferably, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 extends close to the line connecting the first limit point P1 and the fifth limit point P5, so as to further weaken or even eliminate the reflection ghosting in the central area of ​​the first sub-projection image 2111 during dynamic observation.

[0165] In addition, in this embodiment, when the human eye moves from the bottom point to the top point of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box EB_T and observes the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113, the theoretical wedge angle value without reflection ghosting is distributed near the line connecting the third limit point P3 and the sixth limit point P6. Preferably, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 extends close to the line connecting the sixth limit point P6 and the third limit point P3, so as to further weaken or even eliminate the reflection ghosting in the central area of ​​the third sub-projection image 2113 during dynamic observation.

[0166] Please refer to Figures 4 and 8. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of an actual wedge angle fitting curve and a predetermined area for the projection display area in another embodiment of the head-up display system provided in Figure 4. In this embodiment, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 passes through a seventh limiting point G. The seventh limiting point G is the center of gravity of the coordinate system in which the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 is located, where multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​obtained by observing the second sub-projection image 2112 without reflection ghosting at points corresponding to the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M are distributed.

[0167] In this embodiment, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 passes through a seventh limit point G. The seventh limit point G is the center of gravity of the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, corresponding to multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at which no reflection ghosting is observed when observing the second sub-projection image 2112 from the perpendicular midline of the second eyebox EB_M. In other words, the second sub-projection image 2112 exhibits minimal ghosting when observed from the perpendicular midline of the second eyebox EB_M. Because the second eyebox EB_M is at the normal eye height of the driver in the cab, ghosting is minimized when the driver dynamically observes the projected image 211 when the vehicle is experiencing minimal or no bumps.

[0168] Please refer to Figures 4 and 9. Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of an actual wedge angle fitting curve and a predetermined area of ​​the projection display area in another embodiment of the head-up display system provided in Figure 4. In this embodiment, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 passes through an eighth limiting point P8. An eighth line is formed by connecting the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M and the center point of the second sub-projection image 2112. The coordinate information of the eighth limiting point P8 includes the distance from the intersection of the eighth line and the projection display area 11 to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, as well as a theoretical wedge angle value obtained by observing the center point of the second sub-projection image 2112 from the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box EB_M without double reflections.

[0169] In this embodiment, in a vehicle, the driver's eyes are typically positioned at the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M. Furthermore, information with a higher level of importance within the projected image 211 is typically displayed at the center of the projected image 211. Therefore, it is crucial that the driver's eyes be positioned at the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eyebox EB_M to observe the center of the second sub-projected image 2112 without any reflections or ghosting. Therefore, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 passes through the eighth limit point P8, facilitating the driver's normal eye position for observing the projected image 211 while driving the vehicle.

[0170] In order to significantly reduce dynamic ghosting, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 is preferably extended close to the line connecting the first limit point P1 and the fifth limit point P5, and close to the line connecting the sixth limit point P6 and the third limit point P3, and passes through the seventh limit point G or the eighth limit point P8, thereby avoiding local sharp changes in the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, and making it difficult to observe dynamic ghosting on multiple sub-eye box surfaces EB11.

[0171] Referring again to FIG. 1 , in this embodiment, in the direction from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 to the top edge 13 , the ratio of the length of the segment 113 to the length of the projection display area 11 is not less than 70%.

[0172] In this embodiment, in the direction from the bottom edge 12 to the top edge 13 of the laminated glass 10, the ratio of the length d1 of the segment 113 to the length d2 of the projection display area 11 is not less than 70%. Preferably, the ratio of the length of the segment 113 to the length of the projection display area 11 is not less than 75%, or not less than 80%, or not less than 85%, or not less than 90%, or not less than 95%, or equal to 100%. The length is measured in the direction from the lower side 111 to the upper side 112.

[0173] Please refer to Figures 10 and 11. Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a head-up display system provided in another embodiment of the present application; Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of projection imaging in the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of Figure 10. In this embodiment, the at least one projection display area 11 includes at least one first projection display area 114 and at least one second projection display area 115. The projection light source 21 is incident on the first projection display area 114 to form a first projection image 2121. The virtual image distance of the first projection image 2121 is 7 meters to 100 meters. The projection light source 21 is incident on the second projection display area 115 to form a second projection image 2131. The virtual image distance of the second projection image 2131 is 1 meter to 6 meters.

[0174] In this embodiment, the first projection display area 114 is used for long-distance projection display. Specifically, the first projection display area 114 is used to integrate display information with the real scene, and is used to project and display complex graphics corresponding to objects in the real world, thereby realizing interaction between road conditions, vehicles, and drivers. The second projection display area 115 is used for close-range projection display. Specifically, the second projection display area 115 is used to display vehicle operating parameter information at close range, which can reduce the need to look down at the instrument panel or related information, facilitate the driver's eye switching between near and far distances, reduce the need to look down at the instrument panel, maximize the driver's attention while driving, and improve driving safety.

[0175] Please refer to Figure 12, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of a head-up display system provided in another embodiment of the present application. In this embodiment, the projection assembly 20 includes at least one first projection light source 212 and at least one second projection light source 213. The first projection light source 212 is incident on the first projection display area 114, and the second projection light source 213 is incident on the second projection display area 115.

[0176] In this embodiment, the first projection light source 212 is used to project onto the first projection display area 114 for long-distance projection display. Specifically, the first projection display area 114 is used to integrate display information with the real scene, and is used to project and display complex graphics corresponding to objects in the real world, thereby realizing interaction between road conditions, vehicles, and drivers. The second projection light source 213 is used to project onto the second projection display area 115 for close-range projection display. Specifically, the second projection display area 115 is used to display vehicle operating parameter information at close range, which can reduce the need to look down at the instrument panel or related information, facilitate the driver's eye switching between near and far distances, reduce the need to look down at the instrument panel, maximize the driver's attention while driving, and improve driving safety.

[0177] In the functional area where the signals of sensors such as cameras and lidars pass through, a wedge-shaped intermediate bonding layer can also be used to optimize the transmission ghosting problem of the corresponding sensor. The wedge-shaped intermediate bonding layer in the functional area has a fixed wedge angle or a wedge angle with a fixed slope. This wedge angle is a fixed value or adopts a change curve of a simple first-order function, which facilitates the production control of the wedge angle.

[0178] The present embodiment also provides a design method for a head-up display system 1. Please refer to Figures 13, 14, and 15. Figure 13 is a flow chart of the design method for a head-up display system according to one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the design method for a head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 13; and Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of a first variation curve in the design method for a head-up display system according to the embodiment of Figure 13. In this embodiment, the design method for the head-up display system 1 includes providing a projection assembly 20 and laminated glass 10. Projection light emitted by the projection assembly 20 is incident on at least one projection display area 11 on the laminated glass 10. An eyebox surface EB10 located within the vehicle is designed based on the viewer within the vehicle. A virtual image surface TB10 is designed based on the projected image 211 observed by the viewer within the vehicle through each projection display area 11. The eyebox surface EB10 includes a plurality of sub-eyebox surfaces EB11 arranged in ascending order, and the virtual image surface TB10 correspondingly includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces TB11 arranged in descending order, with each sub-virtual image surface TB11 corresponding to a sub-eyebox surface EB11. An observation matrix EB111 is selected on each sub-eye box surface EB11, and a virtual image matrix TB111 is selected on each sub-virtual image surface TB11. A line connecting points in the observation matrix EB111 and points in the virtual image matrix TB111 passes through the corresponding projection display area 11, and the intersection of the line and the projection display area 11 is the incident point. Based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, and the multiple connecting lines, multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​for the laminated glass 10 are calculated when the projected image 211 at the corresponding incident point is free of double reflections. Based on the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a fitting is performed to obtain a first curve L10 showing the wedge angle as a function of the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. Based on the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, multiple limiting points are calculated. These multiple limiting points are sequentially connected and enclosed to form a predetermined area S0. The first variation curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted first variation curve L11 is a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0. The wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding projection display area 11 is determined according to the adjusted first variation curve L11.

[0179] In this embodiment, the laminated glass 10 is used for a vehicle's front windshield and is employed in a vehicle's head-up display system 1. The design method for the laminated glass 10 includes steps S10, S20, S30, S40, S50, S60, S70, S80, and S90. Steps S10, S20, S30, S40, S50, S60, S70, S80, and S90 are described in detail below.

[0180] S10 , providing a projection assembly 20 and a laminated glass 10 , wherein the projection light emitted by the projection assembly 20 is incident on at least one projection display area 11 on the laminated glass 10 .

[0181] S20, designing an eye box surface EB10 located inside the vehicle according to an observer inside the vehicle.

[0182] S30 designs a virtual image surface TB10 according to the projection image 211 observed by the observer in the vehicle through each projection display area 11 .

[0183] In this embodiment, the eye box surface EB10 includes a plurality of sub-eye box surfaces EB11 arranged in order from low to high, and the virtual image surface TB10 includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces TB11 arranged in order from high to low. Each sub-virtual image surface TB11 corresponds to a sub-eye box surface EB11. Specifically, the eye box surface EB10 is used to simulate the plane where the eyes of an observer are located when the observer is sitting in the cab of a vehicle. The plurality of sub-eye box surfaces EB11 are used to simulate the observer's eyes being at different heights, that is, the plurality of sub-eye box surfaces EB11 are used to simulate the different viewing angles of the observer. The virtual image surface TB10 is used to simulate the virtual image formed by the projection light reflected from the laminated glass 10 to the eye box surface EB10 on the other side of the laminated glass 10. The plurality of sub-eye box surfaces EB11 are used to simulate the virtual image formed by the projection light reflected from the laminated glass 10 to the plurality of sub-eye box surfaces EB11 at different positions on the other side of the laminated glass 10. Specifically, the multiple sub-eye box surfaces EB11 and the multiple sub-virtual image surfaces TB11 are centrally symmetrical in terms of height correspondence, that is, the sub-eye box surface EB11 with the highest height corresponds to the sub-virtual image surface TB11 with the lowest height, and the sub-eye box surface EB11 with the lowest height corresponds to the sub-virtual image surface TB11 with the highest height.

[0184] S40, select an observation dot matrix EB111 on each sub-eye box surface EB11, and select a virtual image dot matrix TB111 on each sub-virtual image surface TB11, the line connecting the points in the observation dot matrix EB111 and the points in the virtual image dot matrix TB111 passes through the corresponding projection display area 11, and the intersection of the line and the projection display area 11 is the incident point.

[0185] In this embodiment, each point in the observation dot matrix EB111 corresponds to the position of a simulated observer's eye. Each point in the virtual image dot matrix TB111 simulates the virtual image formed on the virtual image plane TB10 by the reflection of the projected light from the laminated glass 10 onto a certain point on the eyebox surface EB10. Specifically, each point in the virtual image dot matrix TB111 corresponds to one or more points in the observation dot matrix EB111. That is, an observer at a different position on the eyebox surface EB10 can see a virtual image at the same position on the virtual image plane TB10. Furthermore, an observer at the same position on the eyebox surface EB10 can see virtual images at different positions on the virtual image plane TB10.

[0186] S50 , calculating multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​of the laminated glass 10 when the projection image 211 at the corresponding incident point position has no reflection ghosting based on the projection assembly 20 , the laminated glass 10 and the multiple connecting lines.

[0187] In this embodiment, in each corresponding sub-eye box surface EB11 and sub-virtual image surface TB11, each point in the observation point matrix EB111 and each point in the virtual image point matrix TB111 intersect the laminated glass 10 at an intersection, i.e., an incident point. The theoretical wedge angle value at each incident point in the observation point matrix EB111, when an observer sees a virtual image on the sub-virtual image surface TB11 without double reflections, is calculated. The number of incident points used in the simulation calculation is the number of theoretical wedge angle values.

[0188] S60 , fitting the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to obtain a first variation curve L10 of the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 changes.

[0189] In this embodiment, the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 exhibit a discrete distribution. Specifically, in one embodiment, a sub-discrete graph of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​can be calculated for each corresponding sub-eye box surface EB11 and sub-virtual image surface TB11. The multiple sub-discrete graphs are aggregated in the same coordinate system to form a discrete graph. The first variation curve is generated by performing function fitting on the discrete graphs of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values. For example, the function can be, but is not limited to, a cubic, quartic, or quintic polynomial function, or a basic function such as an exponential function, a power function, a logarithmic function, or a composite function thereof. The data curve fitting process can be performed in software such as Microsoft Excel, WPS, MATLAB, or OriginPro. Because an observer can see multiple images at different distances or angles at a given point on the laminated glass 10, the theoretical wedge angle value at that point can be multiple. However, the wedge angle value at a given point on the laminated glass 10 can only be a single value. Furthermore, other points at the same distance from this point along the direction from the bottom edge 12 to the top edge 13 of the glass also have multiple theoretical wedge angle values. The wedge angle value at a certain distance from the bottom edge 12 on the laminated glass 10 is suitable for a single value. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately select the wedge angle value at each incident point on the laminated glass 10 to reduce ghosting. By performing function fitting on these multiple theoretical wedge angle values, the deviation between the wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 on the projection display area 11 and the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​can be minimized, thereby reducing ghosting in the image of the projection display area 11 projected onto the laminated glass 10 and improving the image quality of the laminated glass 10. In another embodiment, for each of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​corresponding to the incident point, the average of the maximum and minimum values ​​of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​corresponding to that point is selected. The average of the maximum and minimum values ​​of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at each incident point is then connected to form the first variation curve L10.

[0190] S70 , calculating a plurality of limiting points according to the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 , and sequentially connecting the plurality of limiting points to enclose a preset area S0 .

[0191] In this embodiment, the preset area S0 is a scattered distribution area containing theoretical wedge angle values ​​when observing the center point of the virtual image surface TB10 from different heights of the eye box surface EB10 without double reflection.

[0192] S80 , adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0 .

[0193] In this embodiment, the adjustment can be performed by, but is not limited to, adjusting the wedge angle of the first variation curve L10 by adjusting the points or fitting a function, so that the adjusted first variation curve L11 comprises a continuous curve within the preset region S0. The actual wedge angle corresponding to the continuous curve of the adjusted first variation curve L11 within the preset region S0 deviates slightly from the theoretical wedge angle for observing the center point of the projected image 211 with the eyebox surface EB10 at different heights without reflection ghosting. In other words, the center of the projected image 211 observed from the eyebox surface EB10 at different heights exhibits little or no reflection ghosting.

[0194] S90 , determining a wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding projection display area 11 according to the adjusted first variation curve L11 .

[0195] In this embodiment, the wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding projection display area 11 is determined using the adjusted first variation curve L11, thereby reducing the phenomenon of ghosting when dynamically observing the laminated glass 10 in the projection display area 11 through the eye box surface EB10. Specifically, by selecting and designing the virtual image surface TB10, the distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​in the projection display area 11 of the laminated glass 10 can be calculated, and the adjusted first variation curve L11 corresponding to the projection display area 11 can be fitted to determine the wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding projection display area 11.

[0196] In one embodiment, the first change curve L10 is adjusted for optimization. The phrase "adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that is contained within the preset area S0" includes adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve that is contained within the preset area.

[0197] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first variation curve L10 is a curve obtained by fitting multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​for observing the projected image 211 without ghosting at a specific location on the eye box surface EB10. The adjusted first variation curve L11 is a continuous curve within the preset region S0, which not only ensures that the projected image 211 at a specific location on the eye box surface EB10 exhibits minimal or no ghosting, but also ensures that the center of the projected image 211 exhibits minimal or no ghosting when dynamically observing at different locations on the eye box surface EB10.

[0198] In this embodiment, the adjusted first variation curve L11 conforms to a 1-4 order function and has a continuous curve with continuously decreasing nonlinearity, thereby ensuring that the adjusted first variation curve L11 is smooth at all locations, thereby preventing a sudden change in the local wedge angle value from aggravating reflection ghosting.

[0199] Please refer to Figure 16, which is a schematic diagram illustrating the design of the eyebox surface and virtual image surface in the head-up display system design method provided in the embodiment of Figure 14; Figure 17 is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjusted first change curve in the head-up display system design method provided in the embodiment of Figure 16. In this embodiment, the eyebox surface EB10 includes, in descending order, a first sub-eyebox surface EB12, a second sub-eyebox surface EB13, and a third sub-eyebox surface EB14. The virtual image surface TB10 correspondingly includes, in descending order, a first sub-virtual image surface TB12, a second sub-virtual image surface TB13, and a third sub-virtual image surface TB14. The preset area S0 is polygonal, and the multiple limiting points include a first limiting point P1, a second limiting point P2, a third limiting point P3, and a fourth limiting point P4. The “calculating multiple limit points based on the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident points corresponding to the respective theoretical wedge angle values ​​to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10” includes connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface EB12 and the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 to obtain a first connecting line, the first connecting line intersecting the projection display area 11 at the first incident point; connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 and the upper left corner point of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 to obtain a second connecting line, the second connecting line intersecting the projection display area 11 at the second incident point; connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 and the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 to obtain a third connecting line, the third connecting line intersecting the projection display area 11 at the third incident point; connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 and the lower right corner point of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 to obtain a fourth connecting line, the fourth connecting line intersecting the projection display area 11 at the fourth incident point. A first limiting theoretical wedge angle value for avoiding double reflection at the first incident point, a second limiting theoretical wedge angle value for avoiding double reflection at the second incident point, a third limiting theoretical wedge angle value for avoiding double reflection at the third incident point, and a fourth limiting theoretical wedge angle value for avoiding double reflection at the fourth incident point are calculated based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, the first connecting line, the second connecting line, the third connecting line, and the fourth connecting line. A first limiting point P1 is obtained based on the first limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. A second limiting point P2 is obtained based on the second limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. A third limiting point P3 is obtained based on the third limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. A fourth limiting point P4 is obtained based on the fourth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. The vertices of the preset area S0 include the first limiting point P1 , the second limiting point P2 , the third limiting point P3 and the fourth limiting point P4 .

[0200] In this embodiment, since the eye box surface EB10 may exist at multiple heights above the ground, the different heights of the eye box surface EB10 can be divided into a first sub-eye box surface EB12 in the lowest region, a second sub-eye box surface EB13 in the normal height region, and a third sub-eye box surface EB14 in the highest region. Correspondingly, the virtual image surface TB10 includes a first sub-virtual image surface TB12 that matches the first sub-eye box surface EB12, a second sub-virtual image surface TB13 that matches the second sub-eye box surface EB13, and a third sub-virtual image surface TB14 that matches the third sub-eye box surface EB14.

[0201] In this embodiment, a first sub-observation point matrix EB121 is selected on the first sub-eye box surface EB12: m1*n1. Here, m1 ≥ 1 and is a natural number, and n1 ≥ 1 and is a natural number. For example, m1 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8, and n1 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8. A second sub-observation point matrix EB131 is selected on the second sub-eye box surface EB13: m2*n2. Here, m2 ≥ 1 and is a natural number, and n2 ≥ 1 and is a natural number. For example, m2 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8, and n2 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8. Here, m2 is the same as or different from m1, and n2 is the same as or different from n1. A third sub-observation point matrix EB141 is selected on the third sub-eye box surface EB14: m3*n3. Here, m3 ≥ 1 and is a natural number, and n3 ≥ 1 and is a natural number. For example, m3 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8, and n3 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8, etc. m3 may be the same as or different from m1 and m2, and n3 may be the same as or different from n1 and n2.

[0202] In this embodiment, a first sub-virtual image dot matrix TB121 is selected on the first sub-virtual image plane TB12: i1*j1. Here, i1≥1 and is a natural number, and j1≥1 and is a natural number. For example, i1 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8, and j1 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8. A second sub-virtual image dot matrix TB131 is selected on the second sub-virtual image plane TB13: i2*j2. Here, i2≥1 and is a natural number, and j2≥1 and is a natural number. For example, i2 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8, and j2 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8. Here, i2 is the same as or different from i1, and j2 is the same as or different from j1. A third sub-virtual image dot matrix TB141 is selected on the third sub-virtual image plane TB14: i3*j3. Here, i3≥1 and is a natural number, and j3≥1 and is a natural number. For example, i3 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8, and j3 can be, but is not limited to, 3, 5, or 8. i3 is the same as or different from i1 and i2, and j3 is the same as or different from j1 and j2. It should be noted that i1*j1 is the same as or different from m1*n1, i2*j2 is the same as or different from m2*n2, and i3*j3 is the same as or different from m3*n3.

[0203] Next, the calculation of the first limiting point P1, the second limiting point P2, the third limiting point P3 and the fourth limiting point P4 will be described in detail.

[0204] A first line is obtained by connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface EB12 and the center point of the first sub-virtual image surface TB12, and the first line intersects the projection display area 11 at a first incident point. A second line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 and the upper left corner point of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13, and the second line intersects the projection display area 11 at a second incident point. A third line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 and the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface TB14, and the third line intersects the projection display area 11 at a third incident point. A fourth line is obtained by connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 and the lower right corner point of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13, and the fourth line intersects the projection display area 11 at a fourth incident point.

[0205] A first limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection ghosting at the first incident point, a second limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection ghosting at the second incident point, a third limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection ghosting at the third incident point, and a fourth limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection ghosting at the fourth incident point are calculated based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, the first connecting line, the second connecting line, the third connecting line, and the fourth connecting line.

[0206] A first limiting point P1 is obtained according to the first limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10; a second limiting point P2 is obtained according to the second limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10; a third limiting point P3 is obtained according to the third limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10; and a fourth limiting point P4 is obtained according to the fourth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10.

[0207] In this embodiment, the predetermined area S0 is a quadrilateral formed by sequentially connecting a first limiting point P1, a second limiting point P2, a third limiting point P3, and a fourth limiting point P4. Specifically, the predetermined area S0 and the adjusted first variation curve L11 are in the same coordinate system, where the abscissa represents the distance from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the ordinate represents the wedge angle.

[0208] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, on the first sub-eye box surface EB12, as the observation point observing the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 moves from the base of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface EB12 toward its apex, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly distant from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections decreases. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first variation curve L11, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​required to eliminate double reflections when observing the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 from the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface EB12 are scattered to the lower right of the first limit point P1.

[0209] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, on the second sub-eye box surface EB13, as the observation point observing the upper left corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 moves from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 toward the base, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the upper left corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly closer to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections becomes increasingly larger. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first variation curve L11, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​required to eliminate double reflections when observing the upper left corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 from the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 are scattered to the upper left of the second limit point P2. Furthermore, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​required to eliminate double reflections when observing the center point of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 from the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 are also scattered to the upper left of the second limit point P2.

[0210] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, as the observation point of the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 on the third sub-eye box surface EB14 moves from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 toward the base, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane TB14, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly closer to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections becomes increasingly larger. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first variation curve L11, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​required to eliminate double reflections when observing the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 from the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 are scattered to the upper left of the third limiting point P3.

[0211] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, on the second sub-eye box surface EB13, as the observation point of the lower right corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 moves from the base of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 toward the apex, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the lower right corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly distant from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections becomes increasingly smaller. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first variation curve L11, the scattered distribution of theoretical wedge angle values ​​for eliminating double reflections when observing the lower right corner of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 from the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 is located to the lower right of the fourth limiting point P4. Furthermore, the scattered distribution of theoretical wedge angle values ​​for eliminating double reflections when observing the center point of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 from the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 is also located to the lower right of the fourth limiting point P4.

[0212] Therefore, the predetermined area S0 formed by the first limiting point P1, the second limiting point P2, the third limiting point P3, and the fourth limiting point P4, which are connected and enclosed in sequence, includes a plurality of theoretical wedge angle distributions for observing the center point of the projected image 211 from different points on the perpendicular midline of the first sub-eye box surface EB12, different points on the perpendicular midline of the second sub-eye box surface EB13, and different points on the perpendicular midline of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 without ghosting. Therefore, the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, which is a continuous curve contained within the predetermined area S0, deviates slightly from the theoretical wedge angle value for eliminating ghosting when observing the center point of the virtual image surface TB10 while moving along the perpendicular midline of the eye box surface EB10. In other words, the wedge angle setting in the projection display area 11 can reduce or even eliminate ghosting when dynamically observing the center point of the projected image 211.

[0213] Please refer to Figure 18, which is a schematic diagram of the first change curve after further adjustment in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of Figure 17. In this embodiment, after the "first limit point P1 is obtained according to the first limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, the second limit point P2 is obtained according to the second limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, the third limit point P3 is obtained according to the third limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the fourth limit point P4 is obtained according to the fourth limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10", the " The method of "calculating multiple limiting points based on the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident points corresponding to the respective theoretical wedge angle values ​​to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10" further includes connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface EB12 with the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 to obtain a fifth connecting line, wherein the fifth connecting line intersects the projection display area 11 at the fifth incident point; and connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 with the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 to obtain a sixth connecting line, wherein the sixth connecting line intersects the projection display area 11 at the sixth incident point. A fifth limiting theoretical wedge angle value for avoiding double reflection at the fifth incident point and a sixth limiting theoretical wedge angle value for avoiding double reflection at the sixth incident point are calculated based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, the fifth connecting line, and the sixth connecting line. A fifth limiting point P5 is obtained based on the fifth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fifth incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and a sixth limiting point P6 is obtained based on the sixth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the sixth incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. The vertices of the predetermined area S0 also include the fifth limiting point P5 and the sixth limiting point P6, and the predetermined area S0 is formed by the first limiting point P1, the fifth limiting point P5, the second limiting point P2, the third limiting point P3, the sixth limiting point P6, and the fourth limiting point P4, which are connected and enclosed in sequence.

[0214] Next, the calculation of the fifth limiting point P5 and the sixth limiting point P6 will be described in detail.

[0215] A fifth line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface EB12 and the center point of the first sub-virtual image surface TB12. The fifth line intersects the projection display area 11 at a fifth incident point. A sixth line is obtained by connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 and the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface TB14. The sixth line intersects the projection display area 11 at a sixth incident point.

[0216] A fifth limiting theoretical wedge angle value without reflection double image at the fifth incident point and a sixth limiting theoretical wedge angle value without reflection double image at the sixth incident point are calculated according to the projection assembly 20 , the laminated glass 10 , the fifth connecting line and the sixth connecting line.

[0217] The fifth limit point P5 is obtained according to the fifth limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fifth incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the sixth limit point P6 is obtained according to the sixth limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the sixth incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10.

[0218] In this embodiment, the predetermined area S0 is a hexagon and is formed by sequentially connecting the first limiting point P1, the fifth limiting point P5, the second limiting point P2, the third limiting point P3, the sixth limiting point P6, and the fourth limiting point P4. Specifically, the predetermined area S0 and the adjusted first variation curve L11 are in the same coordinate system, where the abscissa represents the distance from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the ordinate represents the wedge angle.

[0219] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, on the first sub-eye box surface EB12, as the observation point of the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 moves from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface EB12 toward the base, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly closer to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections increases. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first variation curve L11, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​required to eliminate double reflections when observing the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 from the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface EB12 are scattered to the upper left of the fifth limit point P5.

[0220] Due to the characteristics of projection imaging, as the observation point of the center point of the third sub-projection image 2113 on the third sub-eye box surface EB14 moves from the base of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 toward its apex, the intersection of the line connecting the observation point, the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane TB14, and the projection display area 11 becomes increasingly distant from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the theoretical wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections decreases. Therefore, in the coordinate system of the adjusted first variation curve L11, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​required to eliminate double reflections when observing the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 from the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 are scattered to the lower right of the sixth limit point P6.

[0221] Therefore, the predetermined area S0 formed by the first limiting point P1, the fifth limiting point P5, the second limiting point P2, the third limiting point P3, the sixth limiting point P6, and the fourth limiting point P4, which are sequentially connected and enclosed, more accurately includes multiple theoretical wedge angle value distributions for observing the center point of the virtual image surface TB10 from different points on the perpendicular midline of the first sub-eye box surface EB12, different points on the perpendicular midline of the second sub-eye box surface EB13, and different points on the perpendicular midline of the third eye box EB_T without ghosting. Therefore, the deviation between the adjusted first variation curve L11, which is a continuous curve contained within the predetermined area S0, and the theoretical wedge angle value for eliminating reflected ghosting of the center point of the virtual image surface TB10 when moving along the perpendicular midline of the eye box surface EB10 is further reduced. In other words, the wedge angle setting in the projection display area 11 can further reduce or even eliminate ghosting of the center point of the projected image 211 when dynamically observing.

[0222] Please refer to Figure 19, which is a schematic diagram of the first change curve after further adjustment in the design method of the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of Figure 18. In this embodiment, the line connecting the first limit point P1 and the fourth limit point P4 is a first limit line segment P1-P4, and the line connecting the second limit point P2 and the third limit point P3 is a second limit line segment P2-P3. The "adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve that is accommodated in the preset area S0" includes adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve that is accommodated in the preset area S0, and the adjusted first change curve intersects with the first limit line segment P1-P4, and / or the adjusted first change curve intersects with the second limit line segment P2-P3.

[0223] In this embodiment, the first variation curve L10 is adjusted for optimization.

[0224] Specifically, the first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0, and the adjusted first change curve L11 intersects with the first limit line segment P1-P4, and / or the adjusted first change curve L11 intersects with the second limit line segment P2-P3.

[0225] In this embodiment, the adjusted first change curve L11 intersects with the first limiting line segment P1-P4, so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0, while reducing the deviation value of the theoretical wedge angle value when the first sub-virtual image surface TB12 is observed near the bottom area without reflection ghosting from some points on the median perpendicular line of the first sub-eye box surface EB12. The deviation value of the theoretical wedge angle value when the second sub-virtual image surface TB13 is observed near the bottom area without reflection ghosting from some points on the median perpendicular line of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 is also reduced.

[0226] In this embodiment, the adjusted first change curve L11 intersects with the second limiting line segment P2-P3, so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0, while reducing the deviation value of the theoretical wedge angle value when the second sub-virtual image surface TB13 is observed near the top area without reflection ghosting from some points on the median perpendicular line of the second sub-eye box surface EB13. It also reduces the deviation value of the theoretical wedge angle value when the third sub-virtual image surface TB14 is observed near the bottom area without reflection ghosting from some points on the median perpendicular line of the third sub-eye box surface EB14.

[0227] In addition, in this embodiment, when the human eye moves from the bottom point to the top point of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface EB12 and observes the center point of the first sub-virtual image surface TB12, the theoretical wedge angle value without reflection ghosting is distributed near the line connecting the first limit point P1 and the fifth limit point P5. Preferably, the adjusted first change curve L11 extends close to the line connecting the first limit point P1 and the fifth limit point P5, so as to further weaken or even eliminate the reflection ghosting in the central area of ​​the first sub-virtual image surface TB12 during dynamic observation.

[0228] In addition, in this embodiment, when the human eye moves from the bottom point to the top point of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 and observes the center point of the third sub-virtual image surface TB14, the theoretical wedge angle value without reflection ghosting is distributed near the line connecting the third limit point P3 and the sixth limit point P6. Preferably, the adjusted first change curve L11 extends close to the line connecting the sixth limit point P6 and the third limit point P3, so as to further weaken or even eliminate the reflection ghosting in the central area of ​​the third sub-virtual image surface TB12 during dynamic observation.

[0229] Please refer to Figure 20, which is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjusted first variation curve passing through the seventh limiting point in the head-up display system design method provided in the embodiment of Figure 19. In this embodiment, the method of "calculating multiple limiting points based on the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident points corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10" includes connecting observation points on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 and virtual image points on the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 to obtain multiple seventh connecting lines. These multiple seventh connecting lines intersect with the projection display area 11 to obtain multiple seventh incident points. Based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, and the multiple seventh connecting lines, multiple seventh limiting theoretical wedge angle values ​​are calculated for the multiple seventh incident points to avoid double reflections. Furthermore, a scatter point distribution is obtained based on the multiple seventh limiting theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the multiple seventh incident points to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10, and the centroid of the scatter point distribution is calculated to obtain the seventh limiting point G. The “adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0” includes adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0, and the adjusted first change curve L11 passes through the seventh limit point G.

[0230] Next, the calculation of the seventh limit point G and the adjustment of the first change curve L10 are described in detail.

[0231] A plurality of seventh connecting lines are obtained by connecting the observation points on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 and the virtual image points on the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 . The plurality of seventh connecting lines intersect with the projection display area 11 to obtain a plurality of seventh incident points.

[0232] A plurality of seventh limiting theoretical wedge angle values ​​without reflection ghosting at the plurality of seventh incident points are calculated based on the projection assembly 20 , the laminated glass 10 and the plurality of seventh connecting lines.

[0233] A scatter point distribution is obtained according to the plurality of seventh limiting theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the plurality of seventh incident points to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 , and the seventh limiting point G is obtained by calculating the center of gravity of the scatter point distribution.

[0234] The first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0, and the adjusted first change curve L11 passes through the seventh limit point G.

[0235] In this embodiment, the adjusted first variation curve L11 passes through a seventh limiting point G. The seventh limiting point G is the center of gravity of the distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​corresponding to the coordinate system of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0, which correspond to the absence of ghosting when observing the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 from the perpendicular midline of the second sub-eye box surface EB13. In other words, the ghosting of the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 is minimal when observed from the perpendicular midline of the second sub-eye box surface EB13. Because the second sub-eye box surface EB13 is at the normal eye height of the driver in the cab, ghosting is minimized when the driver dynamically observes the projected image 211 when the vehicle is experiencing minimal or no turbulence.

[0236] Please refer to Figure 21, which is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjusted first variation curve passing through the seventh limiting point in the design method for the head-up display system provided in the embodiment of Figure 19. The method of "calculating multiple limiting points based on the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident points corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10" includes connecting the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 with the center point of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13 to obtain an eighth connecting line. This eighth connecting line intersects with the projection display area 11 to obtain the eighth incident point. Based on the projection assembly 20, the laminated glass 10, and the eighth connecting line, an eighth limiting theoretical wedge angle value for achieving no double reflection at the eighth incident point is calculated. Furthermore, the eighth limiting point P8 is obtained based on the eighth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the eighth incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. The “adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0” includes adjusting the first change curve L10 so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0, and the adjusted first change curve L11 passes through the eighth limit point P8.

[0237] Next, the calculation of the eighth limit point P8 and the adjustment of the first change curve L10 are described in detail.

[0238] An eighth line is obtained by connecting the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 and the center point of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13 . The eighth line intersects the projection display area 11 to obtain an eighth incident point.

[0239] An eighth limiting theoretical wedge angle value without reflection ghosting at the eighth incident point is calculated based on the projection assembly 20 , the laminated glass 10 and the eighth connecting line.

[0240] The eighth limiting point P8 is obtained according to the eighth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the eighth incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 .

[0241] The first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve L11 has a continuous curve contained in the preset area S0, and the adjusted first change curve L11 passes through the eighth limit point P8.

[0242] In this embodiment, the adjusted first variation curve L11 passes through the eighth limit point P8. In a vehicle, the driver's eyes are typically positioned at the center of the second sub-eye box surface EB13. Furthermore, information with a higher level of importance within the projected image 211 is typically displayed at the center of the projected image 211, i.e., the center of the second sub-virtual image surface TB13. Therefore, it is important that the driver's eyes are positioned at the center of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 to observe the center of the projected image 211 without reflection or ghosting. Therefore, the adjusted first variation curve L11 passing through the eighth limit point P8 facilitates the driver's normal eye position for observing the projected image 211 while driving the vehicle.

[0243] Referring again to FIG. 15 , in this embodiment, the ratio of the maximum local range ΔW of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​to the overall range ΔC of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​is: ΔW / ΔC≤0.9.

[0244] The ratio of the maximum local range ΔW of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​to the overall range ΔC of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​is: ΔW / ΔC ≤ 0.9. This can reduce the dispersion of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values, thereby reducing the dispersion of the dispersion graph, thereby increasing the smoothness of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0. In other words, the slope of the actual wedge angle fitting curve L0 is reduced, thereby reducing the wedge angle change rate of the laminated glass 10 and reducing the difficulty of producing the laminated glass 10. It should be noted that the maximum local range ΔW of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​refers to the maximum value among the local range values, where the local range value is the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​among the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at a position at a distance X from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. The overall range ΔC of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​refers to the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​among all the theoretical wedge angle values.

[0245] Please refer to Figure 22, which is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of two adjacent first variation curves of the same projection display area in the head-up display system design method provided in the embodiment of Figure 13. In this embodiment, the at least one projection display area 11 includes at least two first projection display areas 114 or at least two second projection display areas 115. At least two adjusted first variation curves L11 are fitted to show the wedge angle as a function of the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. When the maximum deviation between the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11 is greater than 0.15 mrad, after determining the wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding projection display area 11 based on the adjusted first variation curves L11, the head-up display system design method 1 further includes adjusting the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11. New theoretical wedge angle values ​​are then recalculated. Based on the multiple new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a new first variation curve L10 is fitted to obtain the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 is calculated, and a new preset area S1 is calculated. The new first variation curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted new first variation curve L12 is a continuous curve that is contained within the new preset area S1. A determination is then made as to whether the maximum deviation between the adjusted new first variation curve L12 and the other of the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11 is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad. If not, the above steps are repeated. If so, the wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding first projection display area 114 or second projection display area 115 is determined based on the new adjusted new first variation curve L12.

[0246] In this embodiment, when two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation value is equal to the maximum value of the difference between the two adjusted first change curves L11 in the overlapping portion; when two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 do not have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation value is equal to the difference between the wedge angle values ​​at the two most adjacent ends of the two adjusted first change curves L11.

[0247] When the maximum deviation value is greater than 0.15 mrad, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to any one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11, so as to adjust the designed maximum deviation value of the two adjusted first change curves L11 to less than or equal to 0.15 mrad, or less than or equal to 0.10 mrad, or less than or equal to 0.08 mrad, or less than or equal to 0.05 mrad.

[0248] Specifically, after “determining the wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding projection display area 11 according to the adjusted first change curve L11 ”, at least one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 needs to be adjusted.

[0249] The distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11 is adjusted.

[0250] Adjusting the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11 can adjust the wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections. Under the same conditions, the greater the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11, the smaller the wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections. In this embodiment, the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the adjusted first variation curves L11 and the eyebox surface EB10 can be increased, and / or the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to the other adjusted first variation curve L11 and the eyebox surface EB10 can be decreased, so that the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11 are closer to the design target.

[0251] A plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values ​​are recalculated.

[0252] In this embodiment, after adjusting the distance between the virtual image plane TB10 and the eye box plane EB10 , the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​calculated by the calculation method of the aforementioned embodiment can be fitted to form a new first variation curve L10 that is closer to the design target.

[0253] Based on the multiple new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a new first variation curve L10 of the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 is obtained by fitting, and a new preset area S1 is calculated.

[0254] The new first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted new first change curve L12 has a continuous curve contained in the new preset area S1.

[0255] It is determined whether a maximum deviation between the adjusted new first change curve L12 and the other of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad.

[0256] In this embodiment, a determination is made as to whether the maximum deviation between the new first variation curve L10 and the other of the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11 is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad. If not, the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to the adjacent adjusted first variation curve L11 is repeatedly adjusted. If so, the wedge angle value is selected.

[0257] The wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding first projection display area 114 or the second projection display area 115 is determined according to the adjusted new first variation curve L12.

[0258] Please refer to Figure 23, which is a schematic diagram illustrating the adjustment of two adjacent first variation curves for different projection display areas in the head-up display system design method provided in the embodiment of Figure 13. In this embodiment, the at least one projection display area 11 includes at least one first projection display area 114 and at least one second projection display area 115. At least two adjusted first variation curves L11 are fitted to show the wedge angle as a function of the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. When the maximum deviation between the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11 is greater than 0.2 mrad, after determining the wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding projection display area 11 based on the adjusted first variation curves L11, the head-up display system design method 1 further includes adjusting the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11. This recalculates the multiple new theoretical wedge angle values. Based on the multiple new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a new first variation curve L10 of the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 is fitted, and a new preset area S1 is calculated. The new first variation curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted new first variation curve L12 is a continuous curve that is contained within the new preset area S1. A determination is made as to whether the maximum deviation between the adjusted new first variation curve and the other of the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves is less than or equal to 0.2 mrad. If not, the above steps are repeated. If so, the wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding first projection display area 114 or the second projection display area 115 is determined based on the adjusted new first variation curve.

[0259] In this embodiment, when two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation value is equal to the maximum value of the difference between the two adjusted first change curves L11 in the overlapping portion; when two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 do not have an overlapping portion, the maximum deviation value is equal to the difference between the wedge angle values ​​at the two most adjacent ends of the two adjusted first change curves L11.

[0260] When the maximum deviation value is greater than 0.2 mrad, it is necessary to adjust the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to any one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11, so as to adjust the designed maximum deviation value of the two adjusted first change curves L11 to less than or equal to 0.2 mrad, or less than or equal to 0.15 mrad, or less than or equal to 0.10 mrad, or less than or equal to 0.08 mrad, or less than or equal to 0.05 mrad.

[0261] Specifically, after “determining the wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding projection display area 11 according to the adjusted first change curve L11 ”, at least one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 needs to be adjusted.

[0262] The distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is adjusted.

[0263] Adjusting the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11 can adjust the wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections. Under the same conditions, the greater the distance between the eyebox surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11, the smaller the wedge angle required to eliminate double reflections. In this embodiment, the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the adjusted first variation curves L11 and the eyebox surface EB10 can be increased, and / or the distance between the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to the other adjusted first variation curve L11 and the eyebox surface EB10 can be decreased, so that the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11 are closer to the design target.

[0264] A plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values ​​are recalculated.

[0265] In this embodiment, after adjusting the distance between the virtual image plane TB10 and the eye box plane EB10 , the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​calculated by the calculation method of the aforementioned embodiment can be fitted to form a new first variation curve L10 that is closer to the design target.

[0266] Based on the multiple new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, a new first variation curve L10 of the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10 is obtained by fitting, and a new preset area S1 is calculated.

[0267] The new first change curve L10 is adjusted so that the adjusted new first change curve L12 has a continuous curve contained in the new preset area S1.

[0268] It is determined whether a maximum deviation between the adjusted new first change curve L12 and the other of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves L11 is less than or equal to 0.2 mrad.

[0269] In this embodiment, a determination is made as to whether the maximum deviation between the adjusted new first variation curve L12 and the other of the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11 is less than or equal to 0.2 mrad. If not, the distance between the eye box surface EB10 and the virtual image surface TB10 corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first variation curves L11 is repeatedly adjusted. If so, the wedge angle value is selected.

[0270] The wedge angle value of the laminated glass 10 in the corresponding first projection display area 114 or the second projection display area 115 is determined according to the adjusted new first variation curve L12.

[0271] Please refer to Figure 23 again. In this embodiment, the adjusted set of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​has a maximum local range value △WU, the adjusted set of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​has an overall range value △CU, and the ratio of △WU to △CU is: △WU / △CU≤0.9.

[0272] In this embodiment, the adjusted set of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​corresponding to the first projection display area 114 and the multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​corresponding to the second projection display area 115 has a maximum local range value ΔWU and an overall range value ΔCU, with the ratio of ΔWU to ΔCU being: ΔWU / ΔCU ≤ 0.9. This reduces the overall dispersion of the multiple theoretical wedge angle values, thereby increasing the smoothness of the adjusted first variation curve L11 and the adjusted new first variation curve L12. This reduces the overall slope of the adjusted first variation curve L11 and the adjusted new first variation curve L12, thereby reducing the overall wedge angle variation rate of the laminated glass 10 and lowering the production difficulty of the laminated glass 10. It should be noted that the maximum local range value ΔWU of the set of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​refers to the maximum value among the local range values ​​of the set, where the local range value of the set is the difference between the maximum and minimum values ​​of the set of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​at a location at a distance X from the bottom edge 12 of the laminated glass 10. The set of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​has an overall range value ΔCU, which refers to the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value in the set of all theoretical wedge angle values.

[0273] Please refer to Figures 24, 25 and 26. Figure 24 is a design schematic diagram of the observation dot matrix and the virtual image dot matrix in the design method of the head-up display system provided by one embodiment of the present application; Figure 25 is a scatter plot of the theoretical wedge angle value distribution when observing the second sub-virtual image plane without ghosting on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box plane in the design method of the head-up display system provided by the embodiment of Figure 24; Figure 26 is a scatter plot of the theoretical wedge angle value distribution when observing the three sub-virtual image planes without ghosting from the perpendicular bisectors of the three sub-eye box planes in the design method of the head-up display system provided by the embodiment of Figure 24.

[0274] In one embodiment of the present application, the at least one projection display area 11 includes a first projection display area 114 and a second projection display area 115. The first projection display area 114 corresponds to an AR-HUD, with a projection display distance of 10,000 mm. The second projection display area 115 corresponds to a W-HUD, with a projection display distance of 3,200 mm.

[0275] The laminated glass 10 comprises a first transparent substrate, an intermediate adhesive layer, and a second transparent substrate. The maximum thickness of the first transparent substrate is 1.8 mm, the maximum thickness of the intermediate adhesive layer is 0.76 mm, and the maximum thickness of the second transparent substrate is 1.8 mm. When the laminated glass 10 is installed on a vehicle's windshield, the installation angle is 27°.

[0276] The vertical curvature of the first projection display area 114 and the second projection display area 115 is R5400 mm to R5500 mm, and the lateral curvature is R2500 mm to R2550 mm.

[0277] The size of the eye box surface EB10 is 120mm*50mm, wherein the center of the first sub-eye box surface EB12 is 40mm lower than the center of the second sub-eye box surface EB13, and the center of the third sub-eye box surface EB14 is 40mm higher than the center of the second sub-eye box surface EB13.

[0278] For the first projection display area 114, the first sub-eye box surface EB12 corresponds to a downward viewing angle of -1°, the second sub-eye box surface EB13 corresponds to a downward viewing angle of -2.6°, and the third sub-eye box surface EB14 corresponds to a downward viewing angle of -4.2°. The horizontal viewing angles corresponding to the first sub-eye box surface EB12, the second sub-eye box surface EB13, and the third sub-eye box surface EB14 are all 0°, resulting in a field of view of 10×4°. The distance from the midpoint of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 to the intersection of the principal optical axis of the first projection light source 212 and the surface of the laminated glass 10 near the interior of the vehicle is 826 mm, and the incident angle of the first projection light source 212 is 68°.

[0279] For the second projection display area 115, the first sub-eye box surface EB12 corresponds to a downward viewing angle of -3.9°, the second sub-eye box surface EB13 corresponds to a downward viewing angle of -5.5°, and the third sub-eye box surface EB14 corresponds to a downward viewing angle of -7.3°. The horizontal viewing angles corresponding to the first sub-eye box surface EB12, the second sub-eye box surface EB13, and the third sub-eye box surface EB14 are all 0°, resulting in a field of view of 7×2°. The distance from the midpoint of the second sub-eye box surface EB13 to the intersection of the principal optical axis of the second projection light source 213 and the surface of the laminated glass 10 near the interior of the vehicle is 933 mm, and the incident angle of the first projection light source 212 is 66°.

[0280] The observation dot matrix EB111m*n on the first sub-eye box surface EB12, the second sub-eye box surface EB13, and the third sub-eye box surface EB14 is a 5*3 dot matrix (see Figure 24). The virtual image dot matrix TB111i*j on the two sets of the first sub-virtual image plane TB12, the second sub-virtual image plane TB13, and the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 is also 5*3. According to the design method of the head-up display system 1 described in the aforementioned embodiment, the theoretical wedge angle values ​​for eliminating ghosting in the first projection display area 114 and the second projection display area 115 are calculated and generated as a scatter plot. Take, for example, a scatter plot of points on the perpendicular midline of the second sub-eye box EB13 corresponding to points on the second sub-virtual image plane TB13 (see Figure 25). In this figure, EB_Rm corresponds to a point on the perpendicular midline of the second sub-eye box EB13, and RiCj represents a point on the second sub-virtual image plane TB13. The combination of EB_Rm and RiCj represents the theoretical wedge angle value when observing point RiCj from point RiCj without ghosting. Here, m = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Here, i = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5; and j = 1, 2, 3. Furthermore, the scatter plot of the theoretical wedge angle values ​​when observing the first sub-virtual image plane TB12 from the perpendicular midline of the first sub-eye box EB12 and the third sub-virtual image plane TB14 from the third sub-eye box EB14 without ghosting follows the same pattern as in Figure 25. This scatter plot can be calculated to produce the scatter plot shown in Figure 26. Furthermore, the scatter distribution pattern of theoretical wedge angle values ​​for no ghosting observed on the virtual image surface TB10 at points on a line parallel to the perpendicular bisector on the eyebox surface EB10 is approximately the same as that in Figure 26 , and the scatter distribution can be calculated. Ultimately, 1350 theoretical wedge angle values ​​were calculated, of which the maximum value was 0.602 mrad, corresponding to a distance of 12289.3 mm from the bottom edge of the laminated glass 10. The minimum value was 0.14 mrad, corresponding to a distance of 12615.5 mm from the bottom edge of the laminated glass 10. Furthermore, the overall range of these 1350 theoretical wedge angle values, ΔCU, was 0.462 mrad.

[0281] By calculating according to the design method of the head-up display system 1, the first limiting point P1 (AR), the second limiting point P2 (AR), the third limiting point P3 (AR), the fourth limiting point P4 (AR), the fifth limiting point P5 (AR), the sixth limiting point P6 (AR), and the seventh limiting point G (AR) for eliminating ghosting in the head-up display system 1 can be calculated. Details are shown in the following table.

[0282] Distance from the bottom edge of the glass 12 (X (mm)) Wedge angle at this point (Y (mrad)) P1 (AR) 445.1410.345 P5 (AR) 544.0720.278 P2 (AR) 663.9760.236 P3 (AR) 647.2830.155 P6 (AR) 511.5660.219 P4 (AR) 387.3600.298 G (AR) 530.4350.247

[0283] By calculating according to the design method of the head-up display system 1, the first limiting point P1 (W), the second limiting point P2 (W), the third limiting point P3 (W), the fourth limiting point P4 (W), the fifth limiting point P5 (W), the sixth limiting point P6 (W), and the seventh limiting point G (W) for eliminating ghosting in the second head-up display system 1 can be calculated. Details are shown in the following table.

[0284] Distance from the bottom edge of the glass 12 (X (mm)) Wedge angle at this point (Y (mrad)) P1 (W) 346.994 0.522 P5 (W) 428.899 0.398 P2 (W) 520.667 0.301 P3 (W) 510.777 0.224 P6 (W) 393.919 0.344 P4 (W) 314.097 0.479 G (W) 413.730 0.369

[0285] According to the fitting function Y = -6.811248E-09X 3 +1.276708E-05X 2After fitting and adjusting the value of -8.413138E-03X+2.138185, the adjusted first variation curve L11 is obtained, where X = 288 to 740 mm and Y = 0.61 to 0.14 mrad. The adjusted first variation curve L11 passes through the regions P1(W)-P5(W)-P2(W)-P3(W)-P6(W)-P4(W) and P1(AR)-P5(AR)-P2(AR)-P3(AR)-P6(AR)-P4(AR), and passes through the regions P1(W)-P4(W) and P2(AR)-P3(AR). Furthermore, ΔWU ≈ 0.24 mrad, and ΔWU / ΔCU ≈ 0.52. Therefore, the wedge angle values ​​selected by the first and second projection display areas 114 and 115 according to the adjusted first variation curve L11 can significantly reduce dynamic ghosting.

[0286] It can be understood that the embodiments and drawings of the present application illustrate a head-up display system and a design method of a head-up display system in which the projection display area is located on the left, but are not limited to this. The present application is also applicable to a head-up display system and a design method of a head-up display system in which the projection display area is located on the right.

[0287] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A head-up display system, characterized in that: The head-up display system includes laminated glass and a projection component; The laminated glass has at least one projection display area. Each projection display area has a wedge-shaped cross-section in which the thickness of the upper side is greater than the thickness of the lower side when the laminated glass is installed in a vehicle. The laminated glass has a section in which the wedge angle decreases continuously from the lower side to the upper side. A plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​for measuring the wedge angle and eliminating reflection ghosting are provided at any point of the section. The measured wedge angles at each point in the segment are fitted to obtain an actual wedge angle fitting curve; a plurality of limit points are calculated based on a plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​at each point in the segment and a distance from an incident point to a bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value; the plurality of limit points are sequentially connected to enclose a predetermined area; and the actual wedge angle fitting curve is a continuous curve contained in the predetermined area; The projection assembly includes at least one projection light source capable of projecting onto the at least one projection display area, and the projection light emitted by the projection light source is incident on the projection display area to form a projection image.

2. The head-up display system according to claim 1, wherein: A plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​at each point in the segment are fitted to obtain a first variation curve, and a maximum deviation between the actual wedge angle fitting curve and the first variation curve is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad.

3. The head-up display system according to claim 2, wherein: The wedge angle in the section continuously and nonlinearly decreases from the lower side to the upper side, and both the actual wedge angle fitting curve and the first variation curve conform to 1-4 order functions.

4. The head-up display system according to claim 1, wherein: The head-up display system includes a first eye box, a second eye box and a third eye box from low to high, and the projection image includes a first sub-projection image, a second sub-projection image and a third sub-projection image from high to low; The preset area is a polygon, and the multiple limit points include a first limit point, a second limit point, a third limit point, and a fourth limit point; Connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box and the center point of the first sub-projection image to obtain a first connecting line, wherein the coordinate information of the first limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the first connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image from the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box; A second connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box and the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image, wherein the coordinate information of the second limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the second connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting when observing the upper left corner of the second sub-projection image from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box; connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box and the center point of the third sub-projection image to obtain a third connecting line, wherein the coordinate information of the third limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the third connecting line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting by observing the center point of the third sub-projection image from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box; A fourth line is obtained by connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box and the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image. Coordinate information of the fourth limiting point includes a distance from an intersection of the fourth line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting by observing the lower right corner of the second sub-projection image at the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box.

5. The head-up display system according to claim 4, wherein: The plurality of limiting points further include a fifth limiting point and a sixth limiting point, and the preset area is formed by sequentially connecting and enclosing the first limiting point, the fifth limiting point, the second limiting point, the third limiting point, the sixth limiting point, and the fourth limiting point; Connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box and the center point of the first sub-projection image to obtain a fifth line, wherein the coordinate information of the fifth limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the fifth line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting when observing the center point of the first sub-projection image from the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first eye box; A sixth line is obtained by connecting the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box and the center point of the third sub-projection image. The coordinate information of the sixth limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the sixth line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value for obtaining no reflection ghosting by observing the center point of the third sub-projection image at the bottom point of the perpendicular bisector of the third eye box.

6. The head-up display system according to claim 4, wherein: The line connecting the first limit point and the fourth limit point forms a first limit line segment, the line connecting the second limit point and the third limit point forms a second limit line segment, the actual wedge angle fitting curve intersects with the first limit line segment, and / or the actual wedge angle fitting curve intersects with the second limit line segment.

7. The head-up display system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein: The actual wedge angle fitting curve passes through a seventh limit point, and the seventh limit point is the center of gravity of a distribution of multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​without reflection ghosting obtained by observing the second sub-projection image at each point corresponding to the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box in the coordinate system where the actual wedge angle fitting curve is located.

8. The head-up display system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein: The actual wedge angle fitting curve passes through an eighth limiting point, and an eighth line is obtained by connecting the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box and the center point of the second sub-projection image. The coordinate information of the eighth limiting point includes the distance from the intersection of the eighth line and the projection display area to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and a theoretical wedge angle value without reflection ghosting obtained by observing the center point of the second sub-projection image at the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second eye box.

9. The head-up display system according to claim 1, wherein: In the direction from the bottom edge to the top edge of the laminated glass, the ratio of the length of the segment to the length of the projection display area is not less than 70%.

10. The head-up display system according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one projection display area comprises: at least one first projection display area, the projection light source is incident on the first projection display area to form a first projection image, and the virtual image distance of the first projection image is 7 meters to 100 meters; and At least one second projection display area, the projection light source is incident on the second projection display area to form a second projection image, and the virtual image distance of the second projection image is 1 meter to 6 meters.

11. The head-up display system according to claim 10, wherein: The projection assembly includes at least one first projection light source and at least one second projection light source. The first projection light source is incident on the first projection display area, and the second projection light source is incident on the second projection display area.

12. A design method for a head-up display system, characterized in that: The design method of the head-up display system includes: Providing a projection assembly and laminated glass, wherein projection light emitted by the projection assembly is incident on at least one projection display area on the laminated glass; The eyebox surface located inside the vehicle is designed based on the observer inside the vehicle; Designing a virtual image surface based on the projected image observed by an observer in the vehicle through each projection display area; The eye box surface includes a plurality of sub-eye box surfaces sequentially from low to high, and the virtual image surface correspondingly includes a plurality of sub-virtual image surfaces sequentially from high to low, wherein each sub-virtual image surface corresponds to a sub-eye box surface; An observation lattice is selected on each sub-eye box surface, and a virtual image lattice is selected on each sub-virtual image surface, wherein a line connecting points in the observation lattice and points in the virtual image lattice passes through a corresponding projection display area, and an intersection of the line and the projection display area is an incident point; Calculating multiple theoretical wedge angle values ​​of the laminated glass when the projection image at the corresponding incident point position has no reflection ghosting based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the multiple connecting lines; fitting, based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, to obtain a first variation curve of the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass changes; Calculating a plurality of limiting points according to the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, wherein the plurality of limiting points are sequentially connected and enclosed to form a preset area; Adjusting the first variation curve so that the adjusted first variation curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area; The wedge angle value of the laminated glass in the corresponding projection display area is determined according to the adjusted first variation curve.

13. The design method of a head-up display system according to claim 12, wherein: The adjusted first variation curve complies with a 1-4 order function and has a continuous curve with continuously decreasing nonlinearity.

14. The design method of a head-up display system according to claim 12, wherein: The eye box surface includes, in descending order, a first sub-eye box surface, a second sub-eye box surface, and a third sub-eye box surface; the virtual image surface correspondingly includes, in descending order, a first sub-virtual image surface, a second sub-virtual image surface, and a third sub-virtual image surface; the preset area is a polygon, and the plurality of limit points include a first limit point, a second limit point, a third limit point, and a fourth limit point; The step of “calculating a plurality of limit points based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass” includes: A first connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface and the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane, and the first connecting line intersects the projected display area at a first incident point. A second connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface and the upper left corner point of the second sub-virtual image plane, and the second connecting line intersects the projected display area at a second incident point. A third connecting line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface and the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane, and the third connecting line intersects the projected display area at a third incident point. A fourth connecting line is obtained by connecting the base point of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface and the lower right corner point of the second sub-virtual image plane, and the fourth connecting line intersects the projected display area at a fourth incident point. Calculating a first limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the first incident point, a second limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the second incident point, a third limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the third incident point, and a fourth limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the fourth incident point based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, the first connecting line, the second connecting line, the third connecting line, and the fourth connecting line; as well as A first limit point is obtained according to the first limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; a second limit point is obtained according to the second limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; a third limit point is obtained according to the third limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; and a fourth limit point is obtained according to the fourth limit theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass.

15. The design method of a head-up display system according to claim 14, wherein: After the step of "obtaining a first limiting point based on the first limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the first incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, obtaining a second limiting point based on the second limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the second incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, obtaining a third limiting point based on the third limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the third incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and obtaining a fourth limiting point based on the fourth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fourth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass", the step of "calculating a plurality of limiting points based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each of the theoretical wedge angle values" further includes: A fifth line is obtained by connecting the vertex of the perpendicular bisector of the first sub-eye box surface and the center point of the first sub-virtual image plane, and the fifth line intersects the projection display area at a fifth incident point. A sixth line is obtained by connecting the base of the perpendicular bisector of the third sub-eye box surface and the center point of the third sub-virtual image plane, and the sixth line intersects the projection display area at a sixth incident point. Calculating a fifth limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the fifth incident point and a sixth limiting theoretical wedge angle value for no reflection double image at the sixth incident point based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, the fifth connecting line, and the sixth connecting line; and A fifth limiting point is obtained according to the fifth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the fifth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; and a sixth limiting point is obtained according to the sixth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the sixth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass. The vertices of the preset area also include the fifth limiting point and the sixth limiting point, and the preset area is formed by sequentially connecting the first limiting point, the fifth limiting point, the second limiting point, the third limiting point, the sixth limiting point and the fourth limiting point.

16. The design method of a head-up display system according to claim 15, wherein: The line connecting the first limiting point and the fourth limiting point is a first limiting line segment, and the line connecting the second limiting point and the third limiting point is a second limiting line segment. The “adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area” includes: The first change curve is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area, and the adjusted first change curve intersects with the first limiting line segment, and / or the adjusted first change curve intersects with the second limiting line segment.

17. The design method of a head-up display system according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein: The step of “calculating a plurality of limit points based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass” includes: Connecting observation points on the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface and virtual image points on the second sub-virtual image surface to obtain a plurality of seventh connecting lines, wherein the plurality of seventh connecting lines intersect the projection display area to obtain a plurality of seventh incident points; Calculating a plurality of seventh limiting theoretical wedge angle values ​​without reflection ghosting at the plurality of seventh incident points based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the plurality of seventh connecting lines; and Obtaining a scatter point distribution according to the plurality of seventh limiting theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the plurality of seventh incident points to the bottom edge of the laminated glass, and calculating the center of gravity of the scatter point distribution to obtain a seventh limiting point; The step of “adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area” includes: The first change curve is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area, and the adjusted first change curve passes through the seventh limit point.

18. The design method of a head-up display system according to any one of claims 14 to 16, wherein: The step of “calculating a plurality of limit points based on the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distances from the incident point corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value to the bottom edge of the laminated glass” includes: An eighth connecting line is obtained by connecting the midpoint of the perpendicular bisector of the second sub-eye box surface and the center point of the second sub-virtual image surface, and the eighth connecting line intersects the projection display area to obtain an eighth incident point; Calculating an eighth limiting theoretical wedge angle value without reflection ghosting at the eighth incident point based on the projection assembly, the laminated glass, and the eighth connecting line; and Obtaining an eighth limiting point according to the eighth limiting theoretical wedge angle value and the distance from the eighth incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass; The step of “adjusting the first change curve so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area” includes: The first change curve is adjusted so that the adjusted first change curve has a continuous curve contained in the preset area, and the adjusted first change curve passes through the eighth limit point.

19. The design method of a head-up display system according to claim 12, wherein: The ratio of the maximum local extreme difference value ΔW of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​to the overall extreme difference value ΔC of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​is: ΔW / ΔC≤0.

9.

20. The design method of a head-up display system according to claim 12, wherein: The at least one projection display area includes at least two first projection display areas, or at least two second projection display areas, and at least two adjusted first variation curves of the wedge angle versus the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass are obtained by fitting. When a maximum deviation of two adjacent adjusted first variation curves is greater than 0.15 mrad, after "determining the wedge angle value of the laminated glass in the corresponding projection display area according to the adjusted first variation curve," the head-up display system design method further includes: Adjusting the distance between the eye box surface and the virtual image surface corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves; Recalculating and obtaining a plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values; According to the multiple new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, fitting is performed to obtain a new first variation curve of the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is varied, and a new preset area is calculated; Adjusting the new first variation curve so that the adjusted new first variation curve has a continuous curve contained in the new preset area; and Determining whether a maximum deviation between the adjusted new first change curve and another of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves is less than or equal to 0.15 mrad; If not, repeat the above steps; If so, the wedge angle value of the laminated glass in the corresponding first projection display area or the second projection display area is determined according to the adjusted new first variation curve.

21. The design method of a head-up display system according to claim 12, wherein: The at least one projection display area includes at least one first projection display area and at least one second projection display area. At least two adjusted first variation curves of wedge angle versus distance from an incident point to a bottom edge of the laminated glass are obtained by fitting. When a maximum deviation of two adjacent adjusted first variation curves is greater than 0.2 mrad, after "determining a wedge angle value of the laminated glass in the corresponding projection display area according to the adjusted first variation curves," the head-up display system design method further includes: Adjusting the distance between the eye box surface and the virtual image surface corresponding to one of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves; Recalculating and obtaining a plurality of new theoretical wedge angle values; According to the multiple new theoretical wedge angle values ​​and the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass corresponding to each theoretical wedge angle value, fitting is performed to obtain a new first variation curve of the wedge angle as the distance from the incident point to the bottom edge of the laminated glass is varied, and a new preset area is calculated; Adjusting the new first variation curve so that the adjusted new first variation curve has a continuous curve contained in the new preset area; and Determining whether a maximum deviation between the adjusted new first change curve and another of the two adjacent adjusted first change curves is less than or equal to 0.2 mrad; If not, repeat the above steps; If so, the wedge angle value of the laminated glass in the corresponding first projection display area or the second projection display area is determined according to the adjusted new first variation curve.

22. The design method of a head-up display system according to claim 21, wherein: The adjusted set of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​has a maximum local range value △WU, the adjusted set of the plurality of theoretical wedge angle values ​​has an overall range value △CU, and a ratio of △WU to △CU is: △WU / △CU≤0.9.

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