Drip irrigation device and method and planting system

Abstract

The invention discloses a drip irrigation device and method and a planting system, and belongs to the technical field of drip irrigation. The method comprises the following steps that water on a solar panel is guided to a water storage mechanism to be stored through a flow guide mechanism; the detection mechanism detects the plant growth state, and the control mechanism controls the first control valve to be opened and closed according to the plant growth state; the detection mechanism detects the fertilizer content of the water storage mechanism, and the control mechanism controls the second control valve to open and close according to the fertilizer content; the drip irrigation mechanism is used for drip irrigation of water stored in the water storage mechanism to the planting area. Water flushing the photovoltaic panel can be recycled for crop planting, water resource recycling is achieved, meanwhile, the requirement for agricultural water is met, the quality and yield of crops are further improved in combination with adjustment of the water amount, the content of operating ingredients of water and the content of mineral substances, and the soil structure is improved; and comprehensive cooperative utilization of solar energy resources, water resources and land resources in desert areas is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drip irrigation, and in particular to a drip irrigation device, method and planting system. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic power generation plays an increasingly important role in the collection of renewable energy; as the installed capacity of photovoltaic power increases year by year, the cleaning of solar photovoltaic modules is essential to ensure their efficient power generation. Over time, pollutants such as dust, sand, and bird droppings will accumulate on the surface of photovoltaic panels, which will seriously affect the absorption and conversion efficiency of photovoltaic panels, thereby reducing their power generation efficiency; studies have shown that if the stains on the surface of photovoltaic panels are not cleaned in time, the output energy of photovoltaic power will be reduced by about one-third within a month; and for the current global photovoltaic power generation volume, every 1% reduction in output energy will result in economic losses of about US$1 billion. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly remove pollutants adhering to the surface of photovoltaic panels to ensure the efficient and stable operation of photovoltaic panels and periodically clean photovoltaic panels to maintain their performance.

[0003] The pollutants on photovoltaic panels are unevenly distributed. The main cleaning method currently is manual cleaning of photovoltaic panels. However, large-scale photovoltaic projects are mostly concentrated in desert areas, where water resources are relatively scarce, and cleaning photovoltaic panels requires a large amount of flushing water. Therefore, water from solar panels is collected and reused in irrigation. An irrigation system (Announcement No. CN204762598U) has been disclosed in the prior art. It can be used in desert areas to collect water from solar panels for plant irrigation. However, desert areas have few nutrients. If there is no additional nutrient adjustment in the irrigation water, the ecological vitality of crops and soil will remain at a low level, making it difficult to improve the ecological vitality of irrigated crops and soil. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a drip irrigation device, method and planting system, which are used to solve the problem that it is difficult to improve the ecological vitality of irrigated crops and soil in the prior art.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a drip irrigation device for installation below a solar panel, comprising:

[0006] Water storage institutions;

[0007] A flow guiding mechanism, the flow guiding mechanism is connected with the water storage mechanism, and the flow guiding mechanism is arranged at the inclined bottom of the solar panel;

[0008] A filling mechanism, the filling mechanism comprising a water adding component and a fertilizer adding component, the water adding component and the fertilizer adding component are both connected to the water storage mechanism, the water adding component and the water storage mechanism are connected via a first control valve, and the fertilizer adding component and the water storage mechanism are connected via a second control valve;

[0009] A drip irrigation mechanism, the drip irrigation mechanism being connected to the water storage mechanism;

[0010] A detection mechanism, the detection mechanism is used to detect the water and fertilizer content in the water storage mechanism, and to detect the state of the plant;

[0011] A control mechanism, wherein the control mechanism is used to control the opening and closing of the first control valve and / or the second control valve according to the water and fertilizer content and the plant state.

[0012] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the filling mechanism and the diversion mechanism are arranged above the water storage mechanism, the drip irrigation mechanism is arranged below the water storage mechanism, and the drip irrigation mechanism is erected in the air.

[0013] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the drip irrigation mechanism includes a fixing buckle and a pipe row with a plurality of drip irrigation holes;

[0014] The fixing buckle is connected and fixed on the supporting column of the solar panel;

[0015] The pipe row is communicated with the water storage mechanism, and the pipe row is connected and fixed with the fixing buckle so that the pipe row is erected in the air.

[0016] In some embodiments of the first aspect, the flow guide mechanism includes a flow guide baffle and a water receiving tray with a leakage hole;

[0017] The guide baffles are installed on the edges of both sides of the solar panel;

[0018] The water receiving tray is connected and fixed to the supporting column of the solar panel. The water receiving tray is arranged below the peripheral side of the solar panel to cover the inclined bottom of the solar panel. The water receiving tray is communicated with the water storage mechanism.

[0019] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a drip irrigation method, which uses the drip irrigation device described in the first aspect, and includes the following steps:

[0020] The water on the solar panel is diverted to the water storage mechanism for storage by using the diversion mechanism;

[0021] The detection mechanism detects the growth state of the plant, and according to the growth state of the plant, the control mechanism controls the opening and closing of the first control valve;

[0022] The detection mechanism detects the water and fertilizer content of the water storage mechanism, and the control mechanism controls the opening and closing of the second control valve according to the water and fertilizer content;

[0023] The drip irrigation mechanism is used to drip the water stored in the water storage mechanism to the planting area.

[0024] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the detection mechanism detects the growth state of the plant, and according to the growth state of the plant, the control mechanism controls the water flow rate and water flow duration of the first control valve. In this step, specifically:

[0025] The plant growth state includes the seed germination stage, the vigorous growth stage and the flowering and fruiting stage;

[0026] When the plant growth state is in the seed germination stage, the control mechanism controls the first control valve to close;

[0027] When the plant growth state is in the vigorous growth stage, the control mechanism controls the first control valve to open, the water flow rate of the first control valve is 100-300 L / h, and the water flow time of the first control valve is 0.5-4h;

[0028] When the plant growth state is in the flowering and fruiting stage, the control mechanism controls the first control valve to open, the water flow rate of the first control valve is 100-600L / h, and the water flow time of the first control valve is 0.5-12h.

[0029] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the detection mechanism detects the plant growth state, and according to the plant growth state, the control mechanism controls the water flow rate and water flow duration of the first control valve, and this step further includes:

[0030] The detection mechanism detects the ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature, the control mechanism controls the first control valve to open. The water flow rate of the first control valve is 10-1000 L / h, and the water flow time of the first control valve is 0.01-10h.

[0031] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the detection mechanism detects the water-fertilizer content of the water storage mechanism, and according to the water-fertilizer content, the control mechanism controls the opening and closing of the second control valve. In this step, specifically:

[0032] The detection mechanism detects the business component content and mineral content of the water in the water storage mechanism;

[0033] When the business component content is lower than or higher than the business component preset range and / or the mineral content is lower than or higher than the mineral preset value, the control mechanism controls the second control valve to open until the business component content is within the business component preset range and / or the mineral content is within the mineral preset range.

[0034] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the business components include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the preset range of the business components is that the sum of the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 100-1000 mg / L;

[0035] The minerals include calcium, sulfur, magnesium and iron, the preset content of calcium is 30-300 mg / L, the preset content of sulfur is 10-240 mg / L, the preset content of Mg is 10-150 mg / L, and the preset content of iron is 1-50 mg / L.

[0036] In some embodiments of the second aspect, the pipeline of the drip irrigation mechanism is further connected to a third control valve; in the step of drip irrigation of the stored water to the planting area using the drip irrigation mechanism, specifically:

[0037] The control mechanism controls the third control valve to open, and the water flow rate of the third control valve is 0.1-10L / h and lasts for 0.5-12h.

[0038] In some embodiments of the second aspect, before the step of using the drip irrigation mechanism to drip the stored water to the planting area, the following steps are also included: the control mechanism controls the third control valve to close, and then opens the third control valve after a preset time.

[0039] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a planting system, comprising a solar panel and the drip irrigation device described in the first aspect, wherein the land below the solar panel is a planting area, crops are planted in the planting area, and the drip irrigation device is arranged between the planting area and the solar panel.

[0040] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages:

[0041] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a drip irrigation device. Since the diversion mechanism can guide the water on the solar panel to the water storage mechanism, the control mechanism can control the opening and closing of the first control valve and / or the second control valve according to the detection conditions such as the water and fertilizer content and the plant state of the detection mechanism, so that the water and fertilizer in the water adding component and the fertilizer adding component can flow into the water storage mechanism, and the nutrition of the irrigation water is adjusted, so that the water dripped by the drip irrigation mechanism can moisturize the crops and soil, while improving the ecological vitality of the irrigated crops and soil, and improving the recycling efficiency of water resources to avoid the waste of water resources.

[0042] Secondly, an embodiment of the present invention provides a drip irrigation method, which utilizes a diversion mechanism to divert water on a solar panel to a water storage mechanism for storage to avoid wasting water resources. Then, according to the plant growth status and water-fertilizer content detected by a detection mechanism, a control mechanism controls the opening and closing of a first control valve and / or a second control valve to adjust the nutrition of the water to be irrigated, and finally uses it for drip irrigation to achieve water resource recycling while ensuring agricultural water demand. In addition, the adjustment of water volume, water business component content, and mineral content is combined to further improve crop quality and yield, improve soil structure, and realize the comprehensive and coordinated utilization of solar energy resources, water resources, and land resources in desert areas.

[0043] On the third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a planting system, including a solar panel and a drip irrigation device; the land below the solar panel is a planting area, and crops are planted in the planting area. A drip irrigation device is arranged between the planting area and the solar panel. The water on the solar panel is directly recovered to the drip irrigation device, and then the drip irrigation device can drip the water to the crops under the solar panel, thereby promoting the increase of production and income of the crops at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel, combining the existing new energy photovoltaic industry with ecological agriculture, with low transformation cost, small engineering volume, and the ability to achieve complementary advantages. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0045] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a drip irrigation device provided by a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a water storage mechanism of a drip irrigation device provided by the first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a drip irrigation mechanism of a drip irrigation device provided by a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of flushing water flow of a drip irrigation device provided by the first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a control mechanism connection structure of a drip irrigation device provided by a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 A schematic flow chart of a drip irrigation method provided in accordance with a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a planting system provided by a third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 A schematic diagram comparing different planting systems provided in the third aspect of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Reference numerals:

[0054] 1. Water storage mechanism; 2. Diversion mechanism; 3. Filling mechanism; 30. Water adding component; 31. Fertilizer adding component; 32. First control valve; 33. Second control valve; 4. Drip irrigation mechanism; 40. Fixing buckle; 41. Pipe row; 5. Detection mechanism; 6. Control mechanism; a. Solar panel; b. Drip irrigation device; c. Crops. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The embodiments of the present invention provide a drip irrigation device, method and planting system, which are used to solve the problem that the prior art cannot improve the ecological vitality of irrigated crops and soil.

[0056] In order to make the purpose, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] See also Figures 1 to 5 The present invention provides a drip irrigation device, comprising:

[0058] Water storage mechanism 1;

[0059] The flow guiding mechanism 2 is connected with the water storage mechanism 1 and is arranged at the inclined bottom of the solar panel;

[0060] The filling mechanism includes a water adding component and a fertilizer adding component. Both the water adding component and the fertilizer adding component are connected to the water storage mechanism 1. The water adding component and the water storage mechanism 1 are connected to each other via a first control valve 32. The fertilizer adding component and the water storage mechanism 1 are connected to each other via a second control valve 33.

[0061] A drip irrigation mechanism 4, which is connected to the water storage mechanism 1;

[0062] The detection mechanism 5 is used to detect the water and fertilizer content in the water storage mechanism 1, and to detect the state of the plant;

[0063] The control mechanism 6 is used to control the opening and closing of the first control valve 32 and / or the second control valve 33 according to the water and fertilizer content and the plant state.

[0064] The working principle of this scheme is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the diversion mechanism 2 is used to guide the water flow on the solar panel to the water storage mechanism 1, the water storage mechanism 1 stores the water, the detection mechanism 5 detects the water and fertilizer content and the plant state, and then the control mechanism 6 controls the opening and closing of the first control valve 32 and the second control valve 33, so as to regulate the amount of water or fertilizer introduced into the water storage mechanism 1, thereby adjusting the nutrient content of the stored water. When it is necessary to irrigate crops or soil, the drip irrigation mechanism 4 is used to drip the stored water onto the crops in the planting area.

[0065] Compared with the existing technology, it has the following advantages: First, it can avoid the waste of water resources. In order to ensure the power generation efficiency, the current solar panels are regularly flushed. If they are not recycled, most of the flushing water will flow into the ground and be evaporated and wasted. The device can effectively collect flushing water or rainwater, and use the collected water for crop planting to achieve efficient and comprehensive utilization of water resources; Second, it can improve the ecological vitality of irrigated crops and soil, and improve the current problems such as soil impoverishment in desert areas. That is, the introduction of the detection mechanism 5, the control mechanism 6, the water adding component 30 and the fertilizer adding component 31 can supplement the stored water with nutrient elements. On the one hand, it can meet the demand for business elements in the crop growth cycle, and on the other hand, it can improve the soil state and restore soil vitality.

[0066] As a possible example, in the application scenario of a large-area photovoltaic power generation system, the device is equipped on the support column of the solar panel, and the diversion mechanism 2 can guide the water on the solar panel and collect the water. This is of great significance for the construction of a large-area photovoltaic power generation system in a desertified area. It allows the water used for cleaning the solar panels once every 2-3 months on average to be recycled, which not only ensures the power generation efficiency of the solar panel, but also ensures the effective use of water resources.

[0067] Based on the above application scenarios, in order to reduce the modification cost of equipping the above devices in large-area photovoltaic power generation systems, the filling mechanism 3 and the diversion mechanism 2 are arranged above the water storage mechanism 1, and the drip irrigation mechanism 4 is arranged below the water storage mechanism 1. The drip irrigation mechanism 4 is erected in the air. After adopting this setting method, the flushing water naturally flows into the water storage mechanism 1 and the drip irrigation mechanism 4 under the action of gravity. There is no need for pumping, no waste of electricity, low modification cost, and it is suitable for large-area photovoltaic power generation systems.

[0068] As a possible example, Figure 1As shown, the present scheme provides a possible structure of a diversion mechanism 2, the diversion mechanism 2 includes a diversion baffle and a bowl-type water receiving tray with a leakage hole, the diversion baffle is used to be installed on the two side edges of the photovoltaic panel, the bowl-type water receiving tray is connected and fixed to the solar panel mounting column, the bowl-type water receiving tray is arranged under the entire solar panel, the bowl-type water receiving tray is arranged around the circumference of the solar panel so that it can cover the peripheral edge of the entire solar panel and collect water on the edge of the solar panel, the bowl-type water receiving tray is connected to the water storage mechanism 1 through a pipeline, after adopting this setting method, the diversion baffle can prevent water from overflowing from both sides of the solar panel, and ensure that the flushing water flows to the low-level area of ​​the solar panel as much as possible with gravity, is received by the bowl-type water receiving tray and drained into the water storage mechanism 1, and is drained to the water collection tank through the diversion design, so that the flushing water can be recovered and stored, and the flushing water recovery rate is greater than 80%, which effectively avoids the overflow of flushing water or rainwater on the solar panel and causes the problem of water resource waste.

[0069] As a possible example, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present scheme provides a possible structure of a water storage mechanism 1, the water storage mechanism 1 includes a water tank, the water tanks are arranged below the flow guiding mechanism 2 so that water flows down under the action of gravity, the water tanks are connected and fixed to the solar panel mounting column, the upper part of the water tank is provided with a water inlet for connecting to the flow guiding mechanism 2, a first feed inlet and a second feed inlet for connecting to the filling mechanism 3, a sewage outlet for sewage discharge is arranged at the bottom of the water tank, the middle part of the water tank is provided with a water outlet for connecting to the drip irrigation mechanism 4, the water outlet is connected with a pipeline, and the pipeline is also connected with a sampling port for taking water samples. After adopting this setting mode, the water tank can be fixed below the flow guiding mechanism 2, so that the flow guiding mechanism 2 can guide water into the water tank, avoiding the setting of a pumping device, with low modification cost and no electricity consumption.

[0070] In a specific setting, the water tank is provided with an observation window with a scale, and there are two water tanks. The water tank can be independently supported or connected to the support column of the solar panel to realize the elevated setting of the water tank, and the two water tanks are designed in parallel. The capacity of each water tank is 20-100L. After adopting this capacity setting, 15-60L of flushing water can be collected by the water tank each time, avoiding the problem of water overflow due to insufficient water tank capacity.

[0071] Furthermore, in order to facilitate the sedimentation of dirt, e.g. Figure 2 As shown, the sewage outlet is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank, and the bottom tank wall of the water storage tank narrows toward the sewage outlet. The sewage outlet is connected to a sewage outlet double butterfly valve, and the sewage outlet double butterfly valve is connected to a sewage pipe. The sewage pipe has a reserved inflation port. After the sewage discharge operation is completed, first close the outlet valve below the water collecting tank, and then open the inflation port to purge the sewage pipe to prevent the pipe from being blocked.

[0072] As a possible example, Figure 2 As shown, the present scheme provides a possible structure of a filling mechanism 3, the filling mechanism 3 includes a water adding component 30 and a fertilizer adding component 31 arranged above the water storage mechanism 1, the water adding component 30 is connected to the first feed port, a first control valve 32 for controlling the amount of water added is connected between the water adding component 30 and the first feed port, the fertilizer adding component 31 is connected to the second feed port, and a second control valve 33 for controlling the amount of fertilizer added is connected between the fertilizer adding component 31 and the second feed port.

[0073] In a specific setting, the fertilizer adding component 31 is an organic glass tank, which is arranged above the water tank. The organic glass tank is threadedly connected to the water tank, and a second control valve 33 is arranged between the organic glass tank and the water tank. The second control valve 33 is preferably a gate valve, which can control the amount of fertilizer added to maintain at 0.5-5kg / h by relying on the valve opening and gravity. The fertilizer carrying capacity of a single organic glass tank is 0.5-5.0kg.

[0074] In a specific setting, the water adding component 30 is a water storage device / water storage area, the water adding component 30 is connected to the second feed port, and a first control valve 32 is connected between the water adding component 30 and the second feed port. The first control valve 32 is used to control the amount of water added. The first control valve 32 is preferably a flow regulating valve. The water added by the water storage mechanism 1 can be used to supplement water for plants, and can also be used for adjusting the water-fertilizer ratio.

[0075] As a possible example, Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the present solution provides a possible structure of a drip irrigation mechanism 4, which includes a fixing buckle 40 and a pipe row 41 with a plurality of drip irrigation holes. The fixing buckle 40 is clamped on the support column of the solar panel, the pipe row 41 is connected to the water storage mechanism 1, and the drip irrigation holes of the pipe row 41 are arranged downward. A third control valve for controlling the opening and closing of water flow is arranged in the pipe row 41, and the third control valve can adjust the drip irrigation amount of the pipe row 41. The pipe row 41 is also connected and fixed to the fixing buckle 40 so that the pipe row 41 can be erected in the air, and the collected water can drip downward naturally by gravity, without the need for additional electric pumping, and the modification cost is low.

[0076] In a specific embodiment, there are two water storage tanks, one end of the pipe row 41 is connected to the water outlet of one of the water storage tanks, and the other end of the pipe row 41 is connected to the water outlet of the other water storage tank. As the water storage capacity increases, the applicable area also increases accordingly.

[0077] In a specific embodiment, the tube row 41 is a curved tube row 41, the total length of the entire tube row 41 is 1-100m, the multiple drip irrigation holes on the same straight tube are spaced 0.1-0.5m apart, the hole size is 1-50mm, and the tube cross-sectional shape of the tube row 41 includes but is not limited to square or circular. After adopting this setting, the tube row 41 can cover 90% of the area under the solar panel, and the water can be evenly sprayed to the planting area to ensure the water required for plant growth while avoiding excessive water flow in local areas.

[0078] It should be pointed out that the above-mentioned valves can all be replaced by solenoid valves, which are connected to the control terminal to achieve intelligence.

[0079] As a possible example, the present scheme provides a method that can be implemented by a detection mechanism 5, which is used to detect the water and fertilizer content in the water storage mechanism 1, detect the state of plants, and detect the environmental state (such as temperature and humidity). The detection mechanism 5 can detect the water and fertilizer content in the water storage mechanism 1, and assist the control mechanism 6 to perform nutritional adjustments on the collected water.

[0080] In a specific embodiment, Figure 5 As shown, the detection mechanism 5 includes a water level sensor for detecting the amount of water inside the water storage mechanism 1, a water-fertilizer concentration intelligent sensing and precise proportioning system for detecting the water-fertilizer ratio, an atomic absorption spectrometer and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS, Inductively coupled plasma massspectrometry), a plant growth monitoring and identification device based on image recognition for detecting the state of plants, and a temperature sensor for monitoring the ambient temperature.

[0081] It should be pointed out that there are many devices for obtaining the water-fertilizer ratio, including but not limited to the intelligent sensing and precise matching system of water-fertilizer concentration in smart agriculture, and the traditional timing and quantitative detection device. The intelligent sensing and precise matching system of water-fertilizer concentration includes a large-range online conductivity probe, and supporting control, sensing and model building software and terminals. The constructed water-fertilizer concentration intelligent sensing model is used to obtain water-fertilizer ratio information to assist in fertilizer allocation decision-making. For more details, please refer to the introduction of the development and test of the intelligent sensing and precise matching system of water-fertilizer concentration in smart agriculture; and the traditional timing and quantitative detection device uses an atomic absorption spectrometer and an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer to detect the water-fertilizer ratio in the water storage mechanism 1, so as to assist in fertilizer allocation decision-making.

[0082] In addition, a plant growth monitoring and identification device based on image recognition for detecting plant status can use an image recognition algorithm to identify plant species in a target image, determine the plant species and growth status based on the identified plant features, and thus assist in watering decisions.

[0083] As a possible example, this solution provides a feasible way of controlling the mechanism 6, such as Figure 5 As shown, the control mechanism 6 is connected to the water-fertilizer concentration intelligent sensing and precise proportioning system, the water level sensor, the plant growth monitoring and identification device, the temperature sensor, the first control valve 32, the second control valve 33 and the third control valve signal. The control mechanism 6 is used to control the opening and closing of the first control valve 32, the second control valve 33 and the third control valve according to the water-fertilizer content and the plant status.

[0084] To summarize the above drip irrigation device, it has at least the following advantages: first, it provides a drip irrigation device that integrates solar panel flushing water recovery and nutrient adjustment. On the one hand, it can make synergistic use of solar energy resources and water resources in desert areas, and on the other hand, it can improve the ecological vitality of irrigated crops and soil; second, the transformation cost is low, no electric pump is required, and electricity costs are saved. Water flow can be completed by gravity, and it can be transformed into a large-area photovoltaic power generation system at low cost.

[0085] From the above, it can be seen that the present solution provides a drip irrigation device. The following will provide a method for applying the above drip irrigation device. Figure 6 The present invention provides a drip irrigation method, comprising the following steps:

[0086] S1, utilize the diversion mechanism 2 to divert the water on the solar panel to the water storage mechanism 1 for storage. After adopting step S1, the water used for cleaning the photovoltaic panels every 2-3 months can be collected and stored, effectively recovering the flushing water resources, which can be used for crop planting.

[0087] S2, the control mechanism 6 controls the third control valve to close, and then opens the third control valve after a preset time, so that the stored water can be statically precipitated for a preset time. After adopting step S2, pollutants on the photovoltaic panels carried by the flushing water, including mud, dust, feces, metals and other static sediments can be removed to avoid subsequent pipeline blockage and reduce the impact of such debris on plant growth.

[0088] In some specific embodiments, the preset time is preferably 1-6 hours, that is, the stored water is allowed to stand and settle for 1-6 hours, and the debris will settle into the sewage outlet of the water storage tank. The above pollutants can be discharged through the sewage outlet, and the user can control the opening and closing of the sewage discharge double disc valve to make the solid content in the water less than 15% after discharge.

[0089] S3, the detection mechanism 5 detects the growth state of the plant. According to the growth state of the plant, the control mechanism 6 controls the opening and closing of the first control valve 32. After adopting step S3, the water required by the plant under different growth states is fully considered to accurately adjust the amount of water in the water storage tank. Combined with step S4, the water-fertilizer ratio can be accurately controlled, and the content of the business elements in the water can be effectively controlled within a reasonable range, ultimately ensuring the water and business elements required for the subsequent growth process of desert crops.

[0090] Preferably, step S3 specifically includes the following steps:

[0091] S30, adding water and / or fertilizer to the water storage mechanism 1 by using the filling mechanism 3 according to the growth state of the plant, wherein the growth state of the plant includes a seed germination stage, a vigorous growth stage, and a flowering and fruiting stage.

[0092] If the plant growth monitoring and identification device identifies that the plant is in the seed germination stage, the control mechanism 6 controls the first control valve 32 to close, and the filling mechanism 3 does not need to add water to the water storage mechanism 1;

[0093] If the plant growth monitoring and identification device identifies that the plant is in a vigorous growth stage, the control mechanism 6 controls the first control valve 32 to open, the water flow rate of the first control valve 32 is 100-300L / h, and the water flow time of the first control valve 32 is 0.5-4h, that is, the filling mechanism 3 adds water to the water storage mechanism 1, and the water flow rate is maintained at 100-300L / h for a duration of 0.5-4h;

[0094] If the plant growth monitoring and identification device identifies that the plant is in the flowering and fruiting stage, the control mechanism 6 controls the first control valve 32 to open, the water flow rate of the first control valve 32 is 100-600L / h, the water flow time of the first control valve 32 is 0.5-12h, and the filling mechanism 3 adds water to the water storage mechanism 1, and the water flow rate is maintained at 100-600L / h, and the duration is 0.5-12h.

[0095] For example, when the user observes that the plant is in the seed germination stage, the user may not open the water control valve and maintain the plant watering with the water volume of the original water storage mechanism 1; when the user observes that the plant is in the vigorous growth stage, the water control valve is opened, and the water flow rate of the water control valve is maintained at 100-300L / h, and the duration is 0.5-4h; when the user observes that the plant is in the flowering and fruiting stage, the water control valve is opened, and the water flow rate of the water control valve is maintained at 100-600L / h, and the duration is 0.5-12h. The control of the above flow is affected by the specific type of plant, so those skilled in the art can reasonably adjust within this range to ensure that the plant has sufficient water to grow.

[0096] In a practical example, during the germination period, potatoes mainly rely on the moisture in the tubers to grow, so no additional watering is required; during the seedling stage, soil moisture should be maintained at 50% to 60% of the maximum field water holding capacity to promote root development and stem and leaf growth; during the tuber stage, potatoes need sufficient and uniform soil moisture, and the soil moisture should be maintained at about 80% of the maximum water holding capacity; during the maturity period, the soil water holding capacity should gradually drop to 50% to 60% to avoid excessive growth of stems and leaves and tuber rot caused by excessive water.

[0097] After adopting step S30, water can be replenished according to the growth status of the plants to adapt to the characteristics of different water requirements in different growth cycles and growth environments, thereby avoiding the problem of plant growth being affected due to insufficient water storage in the water storage tank.

[0098] S31, the detection mechanism 5 detects the ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature is greater than the preset temperature, the control mechanism 6 controls the first control valve 32 to open. The water flow rate of the first control valve 32 is 100-1000L / h, and the water flow time of the first control valve 32 is 2-10h. The filling mechanism 3 adds additional water to the water storage mechanism 1. The additional water flow rate is maintained at 100-1000L / h and the duration is 2-10h. After adopting step S31, water can be replenished according to the environment in which the plant is located to adapt to the characteristics of the difference in required water content in different environments.

[0099] For example, when the plant is in a hot summer environment, the ambient temperature detected by the temperature sensor will be greater than the preset temperature, and when the plant is in a stage of vigorous growth, it is judged that it needs additional water, and the water adding valve is controlled to open, and the water flow rate of the water adding valve is maintained at 200-1300L / h, and the duration is 0.5-4h. For the rest of the time, the water flow rate of the water adding valve is maintained at 100-1000L / h, and the remaining additional watering time is continued for 0-6h to ensure that the plant has sufficient water to grow in a hot summer environment. Similarly, the water replenishment process in other stages will not be repeated.

[0100] In a practical example, taking a 20L water tank as an example, if the water volume in the water tank is 0 at this time, the tank body is filled by adding water components, when the water inlet flow rate is 1000L / h, the water inlet time is controlled to 1.2 min, then the water tank can be filled, when the water inlet volume is 10 L / h, the water inlet time is 2h, then the water tank can be filled; if the water tank already has 10L of water at this time, the tank body is filled by adding water components, when the water inlet flow rate is 1000L / h, the water inlet time is controlled to 0.6 min, then the water tank can be filled, when the water inlet volume is 10 L / h, the water inlet time is 1h, then the water tank can be filled.

[0101] In other actual examples, taking a 100L water tank as an example, if the water volume in the water tank is 0 at this time, the tank body is filled by adding water components, when the water inlet flow rate is 1000L / h, the water inlet time is controlled to 6 min, then the water tank can be filled, when the water inlet volume is 10 L / h, the water inlet time is 10 h, then the water tank can be filled; if the water tank already has 50L of water at this time, the tank body is filled by adding water components, when the water inlet flow rate is 1000L / h, the water inlet time is controlled to 3 min, then the water tank can be filled; when the water inlet volume is 10 L / h, the water inlet time is 5 h, then the water tank can be filled.

[0102] S4, the detection mechanism 5 detects the fertilizer content of the water storage mechanism 1. According to the fertilizer content, the control mechanism 6 controls the opening and closing of the second control valve 33. After adopting step S4, the nutrients required by the plants and the soil are fully considered. In combination with step S4, the water-fertilizer ratio can be accurately regulated, thereby effectively controlling the content of the business elements in the water within a reasonable range, and ultimately ensuring the water and business elements required for the subsequent growth process of desert crops.

[0103] Preferably, step S4 specifically includes the following steps:

[0104] The water-fertilizer concentration intelligent sensing and precise proportioning system detects the commercial component content and mineral content in the stored water.

[0105] If the business component content is lower or higher than the business component preset range and / or the mineral content is lower or higher than the mineral preset value, the filling mechanism 3 is used to add water and / or fertilizer to the water storage mechanism 1 until the business component content is within the business component preset range and / or the mineral content is within the mineral preset range.

[0106] It should be pointed out that users can also use atomic absorption spectrometers and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometers to quickly and quantitatively detect the content of commercial components and minerals in the water. If the content of commercial components and minerals in the water is low, the flow rate and flow time of each valve should be reasonably controlled so that an appropriate amount of fertilizer can be added to supplement the nutrient elements and mineral content; if the content of commercial components and minerals in the water is detected to be appropriate, it will directly enter the drip irrigation system; if the content of commercial elements and minerals is high, it can be diluted by adding water to ensure that the content of commercial elements in the solution is within a reasonable range.

[0107] Among them, the operating components include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the preset range of operating components is that the sum of the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 100-1000 mg / L; minerals include calcium, sulfur, magnesium and iron, and the preset content of calcium is 30-300 mg / L, the preset content of sulfur is 10-240 mg / L, the preset content of Mg is 10-150 mg / L, and the preset content of iron is 1-50 mg / L.

[0108] It should be noted that the added fertilizers include but are not limited to one or more combinations of micro-mineral fertilizers, coated fertilizers, biological fertilizers, organic fertilizers, chemical fertilizers, etc., which can fully release the business elements through interaction with water, which can greatly reduce the amount of fertilizer used and increase crop yields.

[0109] Taking the independently developed micro-mineral fertilizer as an example (Announcement No. CN116354764A), it can slowly release the business elements and mineral components in the water through surface coating design and modification treatment. The release period is as long as 10-180 days. Compared with other fertilizers on the market, it can greatly reduce the usage, while improving soil acidification and compaction problems, and increasing crop yields, while increasing the mineral content of crops.

[0110] In a practical example, potato base fertilizer: 40-50kg / mu, to provide nutrients for the entire growing period of potato; inter-tillage: 20-30kg / mu, to provide nutrients for the entire growing period of potato; seedling growth: 3-4kg / mu, used 1-2 times; promote rooting, adjust soil pH; budding period - flowering period: 5-8kg / mu, used 3 times, to provide sufficient and fast-acting nutrients for the rapid growth and expansion of potato tubers, and prevent premature aging of leaves; terminal flowering period: 4-5kg / mu, to promote the return of nutrients from the aboveground part.

[0111] After adopting step S4, the concentration of the business components and minerals in the water is precisely regulated, and the business component content and mineral content of the stored water can be maintained within a preset range. The business elements in the fertilizer are dissolved in the water and then evenly added to the bottom soil through the drip irrigation device, which can avoid uneven fertilizer distribution leading to eutrophication in local areas. At the same time, the water dissolution effect is utilized to promote the business elements and minerals in the fertilizer to be better absorbed by crops, which scientifically and rationally helps to increase crop production and income and improve crop quality, and restores the ecological vitality of the soil.

[0112] S5, the drip irrigation mechanism 4 drips the water stored in the water storage mechanism 1 to the planting area.

[0113] In a specific embodiment, the drip irrigation mechanism 4 is used to drip the stored water to the planting area, and the drip irrigation water flow rate is 0.1-10L / h, and the duration is 0.5-12. After adopting this setting method, it can be ensured that the plants receive sufficient drip irrigation.

[0114] To summarize the above-mentioned drip irrigation method, the drip irrigation method provided by the present invention serves the existing photovoltaic panel power generation device. The water used to flush the photovoltaic panel can be recycled for crop planting, thereby realizing the recycling of water resources while ensuring the agricultural water demand. In addition, the method is combined with the regulation of water volume, water content of business components, and mineral content to further improve crop quality and yield, improve soil structure, and realize the comprehensive and coordinated utilization of solar energy resources, water resources, and land resources in desert areas.

[0115] As can be seen from the above, a drip irrigation device and a drip irrigation method are provided, and a planting system applying the above device and method will be given below.

[0116] See also Figure 7 The planting system includes a solar panel a and a drip irrigation device b; a planting area is planted on the land below the solar panel, and crops c are planted in the planting area. A drip irrigation device b is arranged between the planting area and the solar panel a, and the drip irrigation device b is used to perform the steps of the drip irrigation method.

[0117] After adopting this setting method, the water energy on the solar panel a can be recovered to the drip irrigation device b, and then the drip irrigation device b can drip the regulated water to the crop c under the solar panel a, promoting the increase of crop yield and income at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel, combining the existing new energy photovoltaic industry with ecological agriculture to achieve complementary advantages, which is a practical path that conforms to the green sustainable energy strategy and the development of modern new agricultural ecological technology.

[0118] As a possible example, the solar panel is installed on the top of the supporting column, the drip irrigation device is installed and fixed on the side wall of the supporting column of the solar panel, the drip irrigation device b is located between the solar panel a and the land, and the crop c is planted on the land. After adopting this setting method, there are at least the following advantages: First, the modification cost is low. The drip irrigation system is placed between the photovoltaic panel and the bottom planting area, eliminating the pipeline transportation and pumping components, and only relies on the gravity of the water flow to achieve irrigation. The collection and irrigation areas are integrated, that is, the collection and irrigation are on the same piece of land. There is no need to lay additional long-distance pipelines and pump them to the designated planting area like a planting system with separate collection and irrigation areas. The modification cost and energy consumption are high.

[0119] In the application of large-area photovoltaic power generation systems, it is only necessary to plant crops on the land below the solar panels, and then install the above-mentioned drip irrigation device on the supporting columns of the solar panels. Without the need to lay additional pipes, the existing single photovoltaic power generation system can be transformed into a comprehensive planting system that couples water recovery, ecological planting, and photovoltaic power generation. This is very convenient, low-cost, and highly feasible for the transformation of existing large-area photovoltaic power generation systems.

[0120] To summarize the above planting system, this planting system has the following advantages: First, it combines the existing new energy photovoltaic industry with ecological agriculture, and plays a role in efficient photovoltaic power generation, efficient recycling of water resources, and improvement of desert ecology; Second, the transformation cost of the existing photovoltaic industry is low. Through a simple structure, the existing simple photovoltaic industry can be transformed into a comprehensive planting system coupled with water recycling, ecological planting, and photovoltaic power generation.

[0121] In order to further demonstrate the technical advantages of the planting system of the present invention, a detailed comparative analysis of the actual effects of the present invention after application is carried out. Taking the potato planting experiment under the photovoltaic panel as an example, the following sets of multiple comparison ratios are set up and comparative experiments are carried out simultaneously. Figure 8 shown.

[0122] Comparative Example 1

[0123] Comparative Example 1 does not have the water collection drip irrigation system of the present invention. The flushing water flows out directly from the bottom of the photovoltaic panel and is mainly drip-irrigated at the edge of the planting area, which easily causes excess water in the irrigated area and insufficient water in other areas. The results are shown in the comparative table, and the final potato yield is 500kg / mu.

[0124] Comparative Example 2

[0125] Comparative Example 2 installs the water collection drip irrigation system of the present invention but does not introduce fertilizer. The flushing water can be recovered and evenly sprayed on the entire bottom planting area, which can ensure the water needs of crops in the bottom area of ​​the photovoltaic panel and improve water utilization rate. The results are shown in the comparative table, and the final potato yield is 580kg / mu.

[0126] Comparative Example 3

[0127] Comparative Example 3 installs all the devices of the present invention and adopts micro-mineral slow-release fertilizer. Micro-mineral slow-release fertilizer is added to the collected water to supplement nutrients and minerals, which enter the crops with the water flow, thereby increasing production and income and providing the business element content of the crops. The results are shown in the comparative table, and the final potato yield is 750kg / mu.

[0128] To further quantify the advantages of the technical invention, potatoes were collected after 5 months of planting, and the yield and trace element content were measured. Compared with Example 1, the potato yield in Comparative Example 2 increased by 16%, and the content of Zn, Mn, B, and Fe in trace elements increased by 33.10%, 12.42%, 9.04%, and 6.93%, respectively; compared with Example 1, the potato yield in Comparative Example 3 increased by 50%, and the content of Zn, Mn, B, and Fe in trace elements increased by 71.13%, 24.42%, 24.86%, and 19.80%, respectively.

[0129]

[0130] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0131] Finally, it should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

Claims

1. A drip irrigation device, characterized in that: Used to install under the solar panel, including: Water storage institutions; A flow guiding mechanism, the flow guiding mechanism is connected with the water storage mechanism, and the flow guiding mechanism is arranged at the inclined bottom of the solar panel; A filling mechanism, the filling mechanism comprising a water adding component and a fertilizer adding component, the water adding component and the fertilizer adding component are both connected to the water storage mechanism, the water adding component and the water storage mechanism are connected via a first control valve, and the fertilizer adding component and the water storage mechanism are connected via a second control valve; A drip irrigation mechanism, the drip irrigation mechanism being connected to the water storage mechanism; A detection mechanism, the detection mechanism is used to detect the water and fertilizer content in the water storage mechanism, and is used to detect the state of the plant; A control mechanism, wherein the control mechanism is used to control the opening and closing of the first control valve and / or the second control valve according to the water and fertilizer content and the plant state.

2. The drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filling mechanism and the diversion mechanism are arranged above the water storage mechanism, the drip irrigation mechanism is arranged below the water storage mechanism, and the drip irrigation mechanism is erected in the air.

3. The drip irrigation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drip irrigation mechanism comprises a fixing buckle and a pipe row with a plurality of drip irrigation holes; The fixing buckle is connected and fixed on the supporting column of the solar panel; The pipe row is communicated with the water storage mechanism, and the pipe row is connected and fixed with the fixing buckle so that the pipe row is erected in the air.

4. The drip irrigation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow guiding mechanism comprises a flow guiding baffle and a water receiving tray with a leakage hole; The guide baffles are installed on the edges of both sides of the solar panel; The water receiving tray is connected and fixed to the supporting column of the solar panel. The water receiving tray is arranged below the peripheral side of the solar panel to cover the inclined bottom of the solar panel. The water receiving tray is communicated with the water storage mechanism.

5. A drip irrigation method, characterized in that: The drip irrigation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is applied, comprising the following steps: The water on the solar panel is diverted to the water storage mechanism for storage by using the diversion mechanism; The detection mechanism detects the growth state of the plant, and according to the growth state of the plant, the control mechanism controls the opening and closing of the first control valve; The detection mechanism detects the fertilizer content of the water storage mechanism, and according to the fertilizer content, the control mechanism controls the opening and closing of the second control valve; The drip irrigation mechanism is used to drip the water stored in the water storage mechanism to the planting area.

6. The drip irrigation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The detection mechanism detects the plant growth state, and according to the plant growth state, the control mechanism controls the water flow rate and water flow duration of the first control valve. In this step, specifically: The plant growth state includes seed germination stage, vigorous growth stage and flowering and fruiting stage; When the plant growth state is in the seed germination stage, the control mechanism controls the first control valve to close; When the plant growth state is in the vigorous growth stage, the control mechanism controls the first control valve to open, the water flow rate of the first control valve is 100-300 L / h, and the water flow time of the first control valve is 0.5-4h; When the plant growth state is in the flowering and fruiting stage, the control mechanism controls the first control valve to open, the water flow rate of the first control valve is 100-600L / h, and the water flow time of the first control valve is 0.5-12h.

7. The drip irrigation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection mechanism detects the growth state of the plant, and according to the growth state of the plant, the control mechanism controls the water flow rate and water flow duration of the first control valve. In this step, the drip irrigation method further includes: The detection mechanism detects the ambient temperature. When the ambient temperature is greater than a preset temperature, the control mechanism controls the first control valve to open. The water flow rate of the first control valve is 10-1000 L / h, and the water flow time of the first control valve is 0.01-10h.

8. The drip irrigation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The detection mechanism detects the fertilizer content of the water storage mechanism, and according to the fertilizer content, the control mechanism controls the opening and closing of the second control valve. In this step, specifically: The detection mechanism detects the business component content and mineral content of the water in the water storage mechanism; When the business component content is lower than or higher than the business component preset range and / or the mineral content is lower than or higher than the mineral preset value, the control mechanism controls the second control valve to open until the business component content is within the business component preset range and / or the mineral content is within the mineral preset range.

9. The drip irrigation method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The business components include nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and the preset range of the business components is that the sum of the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 100-1000 mg / L; The minerals include calcium, sulfur, magnesium and iron, the preset content of calcium is 30-300 mg / L, the preset content of sulfur is 10-240 mg / L, the preset content of Mg is 10-150 mg / L, and the preset content of iron is 1-50 mg / L.

10. The drip irrigation method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pipeline of the drip irrigation mechanism is also connected to a third control valve; in the step of using the drip irrigation mechanism to drip the stored water to the planting area, the specific steps are as follows: The control mechanism controls the third control valve to open, and the water flow rate of the third control valve is 0.1-10L / h and lasts for 0.5-12h.

11. The drip irrigation method according to claim 10, characterized in that: Before the step of drip irrigation of the stored water to the planting area by the drip irrigation mechanism, the following steps are also included: the control mechanism controls the third control valve to close, and then opens the third control valve after a preset time.

12. A planting system, characterized in that A solar panel and a drip irrigation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4; The land below the solar panel is a planting area, in which crops are planted, and the drip irrigation device is arranged between the planting area and the solar panel.

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