Green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting and returning method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of green manure crop field returning, and particularly relates to a green manure smashing and field returning device for millet planting and a field returning method.The green manure smashing and field returning device comprises a vehicle frame, two symmetrically-distributed wheels are rotationally installed at the bottom of the vehicle frame, and a cutting mechanism and a rotary tillage mechanism are arranged on the two sides of the vehicle frame correspondingly; a crushing and dewatering mechanism is fixedly mounted in the frame, the cutting mechanism is used for harvesting green manure crops and conveying the green manure crops into the crushing and dewatering mechanism, the crushing and dewatering mechanism is used for crushing and dewatering the harvested green manure crops and then discharging the green manure crops, and the rotary tillage mechanism is used for burying the crushed and dewatered green manure crops into soil. And juice generated by dehydrating the green manure crops by the crushing and dehydrating mechanism is discharged to soil in which the green manure crops are buried. By means of the smashing and dewatering mechanism, harvested green manure crops can be smashed and spin-dried, the situation that green manure crop juice and soil are mixed to form cakes can be prevented, and meanwhile the situation that the soil is accumulated on the rotary tillage mechanism can be prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of returning green manure crops to fields, and in particular to a green manure crushing and returning-to-field device and a returning-to-field method for millet planting. Background Art

[0002] Green manure is an efficient means to maintain and improve farmland productivity and reduce the amount of chemical fertilizers used. Under the dry farming system, planting and using green manure can reduce greenhouse gas emissions of about 2.06 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent per hectare per year, reducing the net greenhouse effect of farmland ecosystems. Therefore, in the one-season or two-season rice areas in southern my country, green manure crops are rotated after the harvest of mid-season or late rice. In related technologies, farmers generally use rotary tillage equipment to crush green manure crops directly in the fields as fertilizer.

[0003] However, the rhizomes of green manure crops contain a large amount of water. When the rotary tillage equipment is working, the water in the rhizomes of the green manure crops can easily cause the soil to clump and attach to the blades of the rotary tillage equipment, thereby affecting the normal use of the rotary tillage equipment. For this reason, a green manure crushing and returning device and a returning method for millet planting are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention proposes a green manure crushing and returning-to-field device and a green manure returning-to-field method for millet planting.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting, comprising a frame, two symmetrically distributed wheels are rotatably installed on the bottom of the frame, a cutting mechanism and a rotary tillage mechanism are respectively provided on both sides of the frame, a crushing and dehydrating mechanism is fixedly installed in the frame, the cutting mechanism is used to harvest green manure crops and transport the green manure crops into the crushing and dehydrating mechanism, the crushing and dehydrating mechanism is used to crush and dehydrate the harvested green manure crops and then discharge them, the rotary tillage mechanism is used to bury the crushed and dehydrated green manure crops in the soil, and the crushing and dehydrating mechanism discharges the juice generated by dehydrating the green manure crops onto the soil where the green manure crops are buried.

[0006] Preferably, the crushing and dehydration mechanism includes a crushing box fixedly connected to the frame, an annular ring is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the crushing box, a dehydration cylinder is rotatably installed in the annular ring, the side of the dehydration cylinder is provided with drainage holes distributed at equal intervals, the top of the dehydration cylinder is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing box, the bottom of the dehydration cylinder and the crushing box are both conical, a second motor is fixedly installed at the center of the top circle of the frame, the output shaft of the second motor rotates and extends through the crushing box and a transmission rod is fixedly installed, and the upper fixed sleeve of the transmission rod is provided with a plurality of dividing blades distributed at equal intervals.

[0007] Preferably, a gear ring is provided on the outer fixed sleeve of the dehydration cylinder, a motor 1 is fixedly mounted on the top of the crushing box, a gear is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor 1, and the gear rotates through the crushing box and is meshed with the gear ring.

[0008] Preferably, a collecting bucket is provided at the bottom of the crushing box, a drain pipe is fixedly installed through the collecting bucket, a discharge pipe is provided at the bottom end of the dehydration cylinder, the discharge pipe rotates through the crushing box, an auger is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the transmission rod, and the auger is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the discharge pipe.

[0009] Preferably, an extrusion scraper mechanism is provided in the frame, and the extrusion scraper mechanism includes two annular frames fixedly mounted on the transmission rod, and a plurality of rectangular spring telescopic rods distributed in a circular array are fixedly mounted on the sides of the two annular frames, and the piston rod ends of the plurality of rectangular spring telescopic rods are fixedly mounted with mounting plates, and the same rolling roller is rotatably mounted between the two corresponding mounting plates, and the top and bottom ends of the rolling roller are fixedly mounted with round shafts, and a one-way bearing is penetrated on the mounting plate, and the one-way bearing includes an inner ring and an outer ring, and the outer ring of the one-way bearing penetrates the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, and the inner ring of the one-way bearing is fixedly mounted on the round shaft, and the bottoms of the three rectangular spring telescopic rods located below are fixedly mounted with connecting rods, and the bottom ends of the three connecting rods are fixedly mounted with scrapers, and the bottoms of the three scrapers are slidably connected to the bottom of the dewatering cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, a circular box is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the crushing box, the bottom of the circular box is opened, the crushing box is connected to the circular box, a mesh plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular box, and a plurality of scraping strips distributed in a circular array are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the auger, and the bottom of the scraping strip is slidably connected to the top of the mesh plate.

[0011] Preferably, the cutting mechanism includes a supporting frame, a lifting pipe is fixedly installed through the supporting frame, an entrance is opened on the crushing box, the lifting pipe passes through the entrance and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the entrance, the auger and the reed wheel are rotated in the supporting frame, and a reciprocating push shovel is fixedly installed on the side of the supporting frame away from the frame.

[0012] Preferably, the rotary tillage mechanism comprises a connecting frame fixedly connected to the frame, a frame is fixedly mounted on the connecting frame, and a rotary tillage blade is rotatably mounted in the frame.

[0013] A method for crushing and returning green manure for millet planting is applicable to the above-mentioned device for crushing and returning green manure for millet planting, and comprises the following steps: S1, the cutting mechanism harvests the green manure crops and transports the green manure crops into the crushing and dehydrating mechanism; S2, the crushing and dehydrating mechanism is used to crush and dehydrate the harvested green manure crops; S3, after the crushed and dehydrated green manure crop residue is discharged onto the ground, the land is tilled by a rotary tillage mechanism and the green manure crop residue is buried into the soil.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can bury the harvested and crushed green manure crop residues into the soil through the rotary tillage mechanism, so that it can be used as soil fertilizer, and the roots of the green manure crops can be dug up through the rotary tillage of the rotary tillage mechanism, which is convenient for subsequent soil cultivation; 2. The crushing and dehydrating mechanism can crush and dry the harvested green manure crops, which can prevent the green manure crop juice from mixing with the soil and forming lumps, and can also prevent the soil from accumulating on the rotary tillage mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a frame and a crushing and dehydrating mechanism in a green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a side sectional view of the extrusion and scraping mechanism and the crushing and dehydration mechanism in the green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part A; Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of an extrusion and scraping mechanism in a green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure of part B; Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a cutting mechanism in a green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting proposed by the present invention; Figure 8 This is a structural schematic diagram of the rotary tillage mechanism in a green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting proposed by the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1, frame; 11, wheel; 2, crushing and dehydrating mechanism; 21, crushing box; 22, inlet; 23, annular ring; 24, dehydrating cylinder; 241, discharge pipe; 25, gear ring; 26, motor 1; 27, gear; 28, motor 2; 29, transmission rod; 210, dividing blade; 211, scraper; 212, collecting bucket; 213, discharge pipe; 214, auger 1; 215, round box; 216, net Grating; 3. Cutting mechanism; 31. Support frame; 32. Auger 2; 33. Reciprocating push shovel; 34. Reed wheel; 35. Lifting pipe; 4. Rotary tillage mechanism; 41. Frame; 42. Connecting frame; 43. Rotary tillage blade; 5. Extrusion scraper mechanism; 51. Ring frame; 52. Rectangular spring telescopic rod; 53. Mounting plate; 531. One-way bearing; 54. Roller; 541. Round shaft; 55. Connecting rod; 56. Scraper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: a green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting, comprising a frame 1, two symmetrically distributed wheels 11 are rotatably installed at the bottom of the frame 1, a cutting mechanism 3 and a rotary tillage mechanism 4 are respectively provided on both sides of the frame 1, a crushing and dehydrating mechanism 2 is fixedly installed in the frame 1, the cutting mechanism 3 is used to harvest green manure crops and transport the green manure crops into the crushing and dehydrating mechanism 2, the crushing and dehydrating mechanism 2 is used to crush and dehydrate the harvested green manure crops and then discharge them, the rotary tillage mechanism 4 is used to bury the crushed and dehydrated green manure crops in the soil, and the crushing and dehydrating mechanism 2 discharges the juice generated by dehydrating the green manure crops to the soil where the green manure crops are buried.

[0019] The crushing and dehydration mechanism 2 includes a crushing box 21 fixedly connected to the frame 1, an annular ring 23 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the crushing box 21, a dehydration cylinder 24 is rotatably installed in the annular ring 23, and the side of the dehydration cylinder 24 is provided with drainage holes distributed at equal intervals. The top of the dehydration cylinder 24 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing box 21, and the bottom of the dehydration cylinder 24 and the crushing box 21 are both conical. A motor 28 is fixedly installed at the center of the top circle of the frame 1, and the output shaft of the motor 28 rotates and extends into the crushing box 21 and is fixedly installed with a transmission rod 29, and the upper fixed sleeve of the transmission rod 29 is provided with a plurality of dividing blades 210 distributed at equal intervals.

[0020] A gear ring 25 is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the dehydration cylinder 24 , a motor 26 is fixedly mounted on the top of the crushing box 21 , a gear 27 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the motor 26 , and the gear 27 rotates through the crushing box 21 and meshes with the gear ring 25 .

[0021] A collecting bucket 212 is provided at the bottom of the crushing box 21, and a drain pipe 213 is fixedly installed on the collecting bucket 212. A discharge pipe 241 is provided at the bottom end of the dehydration cylinder 24. The discharge pipe 241 rotates and penetrates the crushing box 21. An auger 214 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the transmission rod 29, and the auger 214 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the discharge pipe 241.

[0022] Furthermore, the drainage pipe 213 can discharge the juice of the green manure crop onto the ground after the rotary tillage mechanism 4 has been rotary tilled through an external hose.

[0023] The frame 1 is provided with an extrusion scraper mechanism 5, which includes two annular frames 51 fixedly mounted on the transmission rod 29, and multiple rectangular spring telescopic rods 52 distributed in a circular array are fixedly mounted on the sides of the two annular frames 51, and the piston rod ends of the multiple rectangular spring telescopic rods 52 are fixedly mounted with mounting plates 53, and the same rolling roller 54 is rotatably mounted between the two corresponding mounting plates 53, and the top and bottom ends of the rolling roller 54 are fixedly mounted with a circular shaft 541, and a one-way bearing 531 is penetrated through the mounting plate 53. The one-way bearing 531 includes an inner ring and an outer ring, and the outer ring of the one-way bearing 531 penetrates the mounting plate 53 and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 53, and the inner ring of the one-way bearing 531 is fixedly sleeved on the circular shaft 541, and the bottoms of the three rectangular spring telescopic rods 52 located below are fixedly mounted with connecting rods 55, and the bottoms of the three connecting rods 55 are fixedly mounted with scrapers 56, and the bottoms of the three scrapers 56 are slidably connected to the bottom of the dehydration cylinder 24.

[0024] Furthermore, by providing a one-way bearing 531, the rolling roller 54 can only rotate in one direction.

[0025] A circular box 215 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the crushing box 21, and the bottom of the circular box 215 is opened. The crushing box 21 is connected to the circular box 215. A grid plate 216 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the circular box 215. A plurality of scraping strips 211 distributed in a circular array are fixedly installed at the bottom end of the auger 214, and the bottom of the scraping strip 211 is slidably connected to the top of the grid plate 216.

[0026] Furthermore, through the cooperation of the grid plate 216 and the scraper bar 211, the green manure crop residue can be prevented from clumping and being discharged onto the ground. By discharging the dispersed green manure crop residue onto the ground, the subsequent rotary tillage of the rotary tillage mechanism 4 is facilitated so that the green manure crop residue can be fully and evenly mixed with the soil.

[0027] The cutting mechanism 3 includes a supporting frame 31, on which a lifting pipe 35 is fixedly installed. An entrance port 22 is opened on the crushing box 21. The lifting pipe 35 passes through the entrance port 22 and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the entrance port 22. A second auger 32 and a reel 34 are rotated in the supporting frame 31. A reciprocating shovel 33 is fixedly installed on the side of the supporting frame 31 away from the frame 1.

[0028] The rotary tillage mechanism 4 comprises a connecting frame 42 fixedly connected to the frame 1 , a frame 41 is fixedly mounted on the connecting frame 42 , and a rotary tillage blade 43 is rotatably mounted in the frame 41 .

[0029] Furthermore, the auger 32, the reciprocating dozer 33 and the reel 34 are driven by the same motor or internal combustion engine, and the rotary tiller 43 is driven by another motor or internal combustion engine.

[0030] A method for crushing and returning green manure for millet planting is applicable to the above-mentioned device for crushing and returning green manure for millet planting, and comprises the following steps: S1, the cutting mechanism 3 harvests the green manure crops and transports the green manure crops into the crushing and dehydrating mechanism 2; S2, a crushing and dehydrating mechanism 2 is used to crush and dehydrate the harvested green manure crops; S3, after the crushed and dehydrated green manure crop residue is discharged onto the ground, the land is tilled by the rotary tillage mechanism 4 and the green manure crop residue is buried into the soil.

[0031] In this embodiment: when in use, the frame 1 is fixedly installed on the front end of the tractor, and then the tractor pushes the entire device forward in the green manure crop field. During the forward movement of the device, the reciprocating push shovel 33 cuts the green manure crops, and then the reel wheel 34 sends the cut green manure crop rolls into the supporting frame 31, and then the auger 32 transports the green manure crops into the lifting pipe 35. The green manure crops transported into the lifting pipe 35 will enter the crushing box 21 and fall into the dewatering cylinder 24 under the push of the subsequent green manure crops; The started motor 28 will drive the multiple cutting blades 210 to crush and cut the green manure crops through the transmission rod 29, and then the started motor 1 26 will drive the gear ring 25 to rotate through the gear 27, and the gear ring 25 will drive the entire dehydration cylinder 24 to rotate, and the rotating dehydration cylinder 24 will spin dry the cut and crushed green manure crops, and the juice produced by the spinning will fall to the bottom of the crushing box 21 and gather and be discharged through the drainage pipe 213; During the drying process of the juice in the green manure crop, the transmission rod 29 will drive the entire extrusion scraper mechanism 5 to rotate. During the rotation of the extrusion scraper mechanism 5, the green manure crop residue attached to the inner wall of the dehydration cylinder 24 will be crushed by the multiple crushing rollers 54, thereby accelerating the dehydration of the green manure crop residue. In addition, during this process, the multiple crushing rollers 54 will rotate themselves while revolving around the transmission rod 29, so that the green manure crop residue can be crushed in all directions through the entire periphery of the crushing rollers 54. After the juice in the green manure crop is dried, the motor 1 26 is turned off and the motor 2 28 is controlled to reverse, and the transmission rod 29 drives the entire extrusion scraper mechanism 5 to rotate at the same time. At this time, during the rotation of the extrusion scraper mechanism 5, the multiple rolling rollers 54 cannot rotate by themselves, so that the rolling rollers 54 can be closely attached to the inner wall of the dehydration cylinder 24. Then, during the rotation of the rolling rollers 54 around the transmission rod 29, the dry green manure crop residue attached to the inner wall of the dehydration cylinder 24 can be scraped off; The scraped green manure crop residue will fall into the discharge pipe 241 along the bottom slope of the dewatering cylinder 24, and then the rotating auger 214 will transport the green manure crop residue in the discharge pipe 241 into the round box 215, and the auger 214 will drive the multiple scraping bars 211 to rotate, so that the green manure crop residue can be scattered and discharged from each mesh on the mesh plate 216; The green manure crop residue discharged to the ground can be mixed with the soil through the rotary tillage of the rotary tiller 43, and the roots of the green manure crop can also be turned up during the rotary tillage of the rotary tiller 43; During the forward movement of the device, it needs to move forward intermittently so that it can accumulate the green manure crops in the dehydration drum 24 for crushing and drying, and then adjust the rotation direction of the motor 28 so that the green manure crop residue after crushing and drying can fall into the circular box 215. Then, as the device continues to move forward, the dry green manure crop residue in the circular box 215 can be continuously discharged through the mesh plate 216. At the same time, the cutting mechanism 3 can continuously harvest the green manure crops and enter the crushing and dehydration mechanism 2 for crushing and drying.

[0032] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting, comprising a frame (1), wherein two wheels (11) are rotatably mounted on the bottom of the frame (1), and characterized in that: A cutting mechanism (3) and a rotary tillage mechanism (4) are respectively provided on both sides of the vehicle frame (1); a crushing and dehydrating mechanism (2) is fixedly installed in the vehicle frame (1); the cutting mechanism (3) is used to harvest green manure crops and transport the green manure crops into the crushing and dehydrating mechanism (2); the crushing and dehydrating mechanism (2) is used to crush and dehydrate the harvested green manure crops and then discharge them; the rotary tillage mechanism (4) is used to bury the crushed and dehydrated green manure crops in the soil; the crushing and dehydrating mechanism (2) discharges juice generated by dehydrating the green manure crops onto the soil where the green manure crops are buried; The crushing and dehydrating mechanism (2) comprises a crushing box (21) fixedly connected to the frame (1), an annular ring (23) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the crushing box (21), a dehydrating cylinder (24) rotatably mounted in the annular ring (23), a side surface of the dehydrating cylinder (24) provided with drainage holes distributed at equal intervals, the top of the dehydrating cylinder (24) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the crushing box (21), the bottom of the dehydrating cylinder (24) and the crushing box (21) are both conical, a second motor (28) fixedly mounted at the center of the top circle of the frame (1), the output shaft of the second motor (28) rotatably extending through the crushing box (21) and fixedly mounted with a transmission rod (29), the upper fixed sleeve of the transmission rod (29) being provided with a plurality of dividing blades (210) distributed at equal intervals; The cutting mechanism (3) comprises a supporting frame (31), a lifting pipe (35) is fixedly installed through the supporting frame (31), an inlet (22) is opened on the crushing box (21), the lifting pipe (35) passes through the inlet (22) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inlet (22), a second auger (32) and a reel (34) are rotated in the supporting frame (31), and a reciprocating push shovel (33) is fixedly installed on the side of the supporting frame (31) away from the vehicle frame (1); The rotary tillage mechanism (4) comprises a connecting frame (42) fixedly connected to the vehicle frame (1), a frame (41) being fixedly mounted on the connecting frame (42), and a rotary tillage blade (43) being rotatably mounted in the frame (41).

2. The green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The outer fixed sleeve of the dehydration cylinder (24) is provided with a gear ring (25), the top of the crushing box (21) is fixedly mounted with a motor 1 (26), the output shaft of the motor 1 (26) is fixedly mounted with a gear (27), the gear (27) rotates through the crushing box (21) and is meshed with the gear ring (25).

3. The green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A collecting bucket (212) is provided at the bottom of the crushing box (21), and a drain pipe (213) is fixedly installed through the collecting bucket (212). A discharge pipe (241) is provided at the bottom end of the dehydration cylinder (24), and the discharge pipe (241) rotatably penetrates the crushing box (21). An auger (214) is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the transmission rod (29), and the auger (214) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the discharge pipe (241).

4. The green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with an extrusion scraper mechanism (5), the extrusion scraper mechanism (5) comprising two annular frames (51) fixedly sleeved on the transmission rod (29), a plurality of rectangular spring telescopic rods (52) distributed in a circumferential array are fixedly mounted on the sides of the two annular frames (51), the piston rod ends of the plurality of rectangular spring telescopic rods (52) are fixedly mounted with mounting plates (53), a same rolling roller (54) is rotatably mounted between the two corresponding mounting plates (53), the top and bottom ends of the rolling roller (54) are fixedly mounted with round shafts (541), the A one-way bearing (531) is provided through the mounting plate (53), the one-way bearing (531) comprising an inner ring and an outer ring, the outer ring of the one-way bearing (531) passes through the mounting plate (53) and is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (53), the inner ring of the one-way bearing (531) is fixedly sleeved on the circular shaft (541), the bottoms of the three rectangular spring telescopic rods (52) located below are all fixedly mounted with connecting rods (55), the bottom ends of the three connecting rods (55) are all fixedly mounted with scrapers (56), and the bottoms of the three scrapers (56) are all slidably connected to the bottom of the dewatering cylinder (24).

5. The green manure crushing and returning device for millet planting according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A circular box (215) is fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the crushing box (21), the bottom of the circular box (215) is open, the crushing box (21) is connected to the circular box (215), a mesh plate (216) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the circular box (215), and a plurality of scraping strips (211) distributed in a circular array are fixedly mounted on the bottom end of the auger (214), the bottom of the scraping strips (211) being slidably connected to the top of the mesh plate (216).

6. A method for crushing and returning green manure for millet planting, applicable to a device for crushing and returning green manure for millet planting in claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the cutting mechanism (3) harvests the green manure crops and transports the green manure crops into the crushing and dehydrating mechanism (2); S2, the crushing and dehydrating mechanism (2) is used to crush and dehydrate the harvested green manure crops; S3, after the crushed and dehydrated green manure crop residue is discharged onto the ground, the land is rotary tilled by a rotary tillage mechanism (4) and the green manure crop residue is buried into the soil.

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