Feed additive as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a feed additive as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the field of feed additives. The feed additive comprises a folium cortex eucommiae extract, an echinacea purpurea extract, an astragalus membranaceus extract and a yucca extract. The folium cortex eucommiae extract, the echinacea extract, the radix astragali extract and the yucca extract have remarkable synergistic effects in the aspects of improving the growth performance of piglets, improving the immunity of the piglets, effectively deodorizing, improving the feeding environment and the like. And all the components are derived from natural plants, so that good safety is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of feed additives, and in particular to a feed additive and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] After weaning, piglets have limited digestion and absorption capacity for feed because their digestive systems are not fully developed. Therefore, feed additives are needed to promote their intestinal health and immune function. Feed additives include chemical feed additives, natural feed additives, etc. As people's awareness of food safety and animal welfare increases, chemical feed additives are gradually restricted, while natural feed additives are valued for their safety and environmental protection. Common natural feed additives include Chinese herbal extracts, probiotics, enzyme preparations, organic acids and polysaccharides. It is very important to provide a natural feed additive that can promote piglets to absorb feed and improve their intestinal health and immune function. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides a feed additive that can effectively improve the growth performance of piglets, enhance the immune ability of piglets, effectively deodorize, and improve the feeding environment.

[0004] The invention also provides a method for preparing the feed additive.

[0005] The invention also provides application of the feed additive.

[0006] The present invention also provides feed comprising the feed additive.

[0007] A feed additive according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes: eucommia leaf extract, echinacea extract, astragalus extract, and yucca extract.

[0008] The feed additive according to the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: Eucommia leaf extract can promote animal growth, regulate animal nutritional metabolism, immune response and intestinal health, effectively improve gastrointestinal function of weaned piglets, reduce diarrhea rate and improve meat quality. Echinacea extract can promote animal growth, relieve oxidative stress, regulate the body's immune response and improve disease resistance. Astragalus extract can improve the growth performance of piglets, including improving individual quality and average daily weight gain, and reducing feed-to-weight ratio. It can also enhance the immune function of piglets, improve antioxidant capacity and reduce diarrhea rate by regulating immune cells and cytokines. Yucca extract can promote growth, improve reproductive performance, regulate the gastrointestinal environment and improve the breeding environment.

[0009] The eucommia leaf extract, echinacea extract, astragalus extract and yucca extract in the feed additive of the embodiment have significant synergistic effects in improving the growth performance of piglets, improving the immunity of piglets, effectively deodorizing, improving the feeding environment, etc. Moreover, each component is derived from natural plants and has good safety.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the feed additive includes, by mass percentage: 30%-40% eucommia leaf extract, 30%-40% echinacea extract, 10%-20% astragalus extract, and 10%-20% yucca extract.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, main active ingredients of the Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract include chlorogenic acid, flavonoids, and polysaccharides; the mass percentage of chlorogenic acid is ≥5%; the mass percentage of flavonoids is ≥8%; and the mass percentage of polysaccharides is ≥20%.

[0012] By using water extraction, alcohol extraction and other extraction methods to enrich the nutrients and functional ingredients in Eucommia ulmoides leaves, Echinacea purpurea, Astragalus membranaceus and Yucca, the amount of feed additives added can be greatly reduced. The extraction method is simple in process and has high production efficiency. The solvent generated in the production process can be reused, is environmentally friendly and suitable for industrial production.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the eucommia leaf extract includes at least one of an eucommia leaf water extract and an eucommia leaf alcohol extract.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the Eucommia ulmoides leaf aqueous extract comprises the following steps: A mixture of eucommia leaves and water is prepared, and a first extraction and a first solid-liquid separation are sequentially performed, and the liquid phase is dried to obtain the eucommia leaf water extract.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the Eucommia ulmoides leaves to the water is 1:8-12. For example, it can be 1:8, 1:8.5, 1:9, 1:9.5, 1:10, 1:10.5, 1:11, 1:11.5 or 1:12.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extraction temperature of the first extraction is 100°C.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extraction time of the first extraction is 2 h to 5 h. The total extraction time of the first extraction is any number within the range of 2 h to 5 h. For example, it can be 2 h, 2.3 h, 2.5 h, 2.8 h, 3 h, 3.2 h, 3.5 h, 3.8 h, 4 h, 4.2 h, 4.5 h, 4.8 h or 5 h.

[0018] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first extraction is repeated 1 to 3 times, for example, 1 time, 2 times or 3 times.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the eucommia leaf alcohol extract is obtained by extracting eucommia leaves using a first ethanol aqueous solution with an ethanol volume percentage of 30% to 70%. For example, the ethanol volume percentage in the first ethanol aqueous solution is 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65% or 70%.

[0020] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the eucommia leaf ethanol extract comprises the following steps: A mixture of eucommia leaves and a first ethanol aqueous solution is prepared, and a second extraction and a second solid-liquid separation are sequentially performed, and the liquid phase is dried to obtain the eucommia leaf alcohol extract.

[0021] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the eucommia leaves to the first ethanol aqueous solution is 1:8-12. For example, it can be 1:8, 1:8.5, 1:9, 1:9.5, 1:10, 1:10.5, 1:11, 1:11.5 or 1:12.

[0022] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extraction temperature of the second extraction is 80-100° C. For example, it can be 80° C., 81° C., 82° C., 83° C., 84° C., 85° C., 86° C., 87° C., 88° C., 89° C., 90° C., 91° C., 92° C., 93° C., 94° C., 95° C., 96° C., 97° C., 98° C., 99° C. or 100° C.

[0023] The extraction time of the second extraction is 2 h to 5 h. The total extraction time of the second extraction is any number within the range of 2 h to 5 h. For example, it can be 2 h, 2.3 h, 2.5 h, 2.8 h, 3 h, 3.2 h, 3.5 h, 3.8 h, 4 h, 4.2 h, 4.5 h, 4.8 h or 5 h.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second extraction is repeated 1 to 3 times, for example, 1 time, 2 times or 3 times.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main active ingredient of the Echinacea extract is chicoric acid, and the mass percentage of chicoric acid is ≥2%.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the Echinacea extract is an Echinacea alcohol extract.

[0027] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the Echinacea extract is obtained by extracting Echinacea using a second ethanol aqueous solution with an ethanol volume percentage of 30% to 70%. For example, the ethanol volume percentage in the second ethanol aqueous solution is 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65% or 70%.

[0028] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the Echinacea extract comprises the following steps: A mixture of Echinacea and a second ethanol aqueous solution is prepared, and the third extraction and the third solid-liquid separation are sequentially performed, and the liquid phase is dried to obtain the Echinacea extract.

[0029] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the Echinacea to the second ethanol aqueous solution is 1:8-12. For example, it may be 1:8, 1:8.5, 1:9, 1:9.5, 1:10, 1:10.5, 1:11, 1:11.5 or 1:12.

[0030] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extraction temperature of the third extraction is 80-100° C. For example, it can be 80° C., 81° C., 82° C., 83° C., 84° C., 85° C., 86° C., 87° C., 88° C., 89° C., 90° C., 91° C., 92° C., 93° C., 94° C., 95° C., 96° C., 97° C., 98° C., 99° C. or 100° C.

[0031] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extraction time of the third extraction is 2 h to 5 h. The total extraction time of the third extraction is any number within the range of 2 h to 5 h. For example, it can be 2 h, 2.3 h, 2.5 h, 2.8 h, 3 h, 3.2 h, 3.5 h, 3.8 h, 4 h, 4.2 h, 4.5 h, 4.8 h or 5 h.

[0032] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the third extraction is repeated 1 to 3 times, for example, 1 time, 2 times or 3 times.

[0033] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main active ingredient of the astragalus extract is astragalus polysaccharide, and the mass percentage of the polysaccharide is ≥30%.

[0034] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the astragalus extract is an astragalus water extract.

[0035] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the astragalus extract comprises the following steps: A mixture of astragalus and water is prepared, and the fourth extraction and the fourth solid-liquid separation are performed in sequence, and the liquid phase is dried to obtain the astragalus extract.

[0036] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the astragalus to the water is 1:8-12. For example, it can be 1:8, 1:8.5, 1:9, 1:9.5, 1:10, 1:10.5, 1:11, 1:11.5 or 1:12.

[0037] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extraction temperature of the fourth extraction is 100°C.

[0038] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extraction time of the fourth extraction is 2 h to 5 h. The total extraction time of the fourth extraction is any number within the range of 2 h to 5 h. For example, it can be 2 h, 2.3 h, 2.5 h, 2.8 h, 3 h, 3.2 h, 3.5 h, 3.8 h, 4 h, 4.2 h, 4.5 h, 4.8 h or 5 h.

[0039] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fourth extraction is repeated 1 to 3 times, for example, 1 time, 2 times or 3 times.

[0040] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main active ingredient of the yucca extract is yucca saponin, and the mass percentage of yucca saponin is ≥60%.

[0041] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the yucca extract is a yucca water extract.

[0042] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the method for preparing the yucca extract comprises the following steps: A mixture of yucca and water is prepared, and the fifth extraction and the fifth solid-liquid separation are performed in sequence, and the liquid phase is dried to obtain the yucca extract.

[0043] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the yucca to the water is 1:8-12. For example, it may be 1:8, 1:8.5, 1:9, 1:9.5, 1:10, 1:10.5, 1:11, 1:11.5 or 1:12.

[0044] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extraction temperature of the fifth extraction is 100°C.

[0045] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the extraction time of the fifth extraction is 2 h to 5 h. The total extraction time of the fifth extraction is any number within the range of 2 h to 5 h. For example, it can be 2 h, 2.3 h, 2.5 h, 2.8 h, 3 h, 3.2 h, 3.5 h, 3.8 h, 4 h, 4.2 h, 4.5 h, 4.8 h or 5 h.

[0046] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the fifth extraction is repeated 1 to 3 times. For example, it can be 1, 2 or 3 times. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first solid-liquid separation, the second solid-liquid separation, the third solid-liquid separation, the fourth solid-liquid separation, and the fifth solid-liquid separation are respectively selected from one or more of centrifugation and filtration.

[0047] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the preparation method of the Eucommia leaf extract, the Eucommia leaf extract, the Astragalus extract and / or the Yucca extract further includes: concentrating the liquid phase under reduced pressure before drying (the liquid phase can be concentrated under reduced pressure to a solid content mass percentage of 30% to 40%).

[0048] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the reduced pressure concentration is 60° C. to 70° C. For example, it may be 60° C., 61° C., 62° C., 63° C., 64° C., 65° C., 66° C., 67° C., 68° C., 69° C. or 70° C.

[0049] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method of the eucommia leaf extract, the eucommia leaf extract, the astragalus extract and / or the yucca extract, the drying is selected from at least one of drying, spray drying and freeze drying.

[0050] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the particle size of the Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract, the Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract, the Astragalus membranaceus extract and / or the Yucca schidigera extract is less than 80 mesh.

[0051] The method for preparing the above-mentioned feed additive according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises the following steps: The feed additive is obtained by mixing the components.

[0052] According to the third aspect of the present invention, the above-mentioned feed additive is used in preparing feed.

[0053] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the feeding objects of the feed include piglets.

[0054] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the feed has at least one of the uses A1) to A3): A1) Improve growth performance; A2) Improve immune function; A3) Improve odor.

[0055] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the improving growth performance comprises at least one of A11) to A13): A11) Increase daily weight gain; A12) Reduce feed-to-meat ratio; A13) Reduce diarrhea index or prevent diarrhea.

[0056] According to some embodiments of the present invention, improving immune function includes increasing the concentration of immunoglobulins in serum.

[0057] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the immunoglobulin comprises at least one of IgG, IgM, and IgA. According to some embodiments of the present invention, improving the odor includes at least one of reducing the amount of ammonia released and reducing the ammonia concentration.

[0058] A feed according to a fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present invention comprises the above-mentioned feed additive.

[0059] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the content of the feed additive in the feed is 300-600 mg / kg, for example, 300 mg / kg, 350 mg / kg, 400 mg / kg, 450 mg / kg, 500 mg / kg, 550 mg / kg or 600 mg / kg.

[0060] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The following will be combined with the embodiments to clearly and completely describe the concept of the present invention and the technical effects produced, so as to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0062] If the specific conditions are not specified in the examples, the experiments were carried out under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturers of the reagents or instruments are not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0063] In the description of the present invention, if there is a description of first, second, third, fourth, fifth, etc., it is only for the purpose of distinguishing the technical features, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence of the indicated technical features.

[0064] When a numerical range is disclosed herein, the above range is considered to be continuous and includes the minimum and maximum values ​​of the range, as well as every value between such minimum and maximum values. In addition, when multiple ranges are provided to describe features or characteristics, the ranges can be combined. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, all ranges disclosed herein should be understood to include any and all subranges subsumed therein.

[0065] "And / or" is used to indicate that one or both of the stated situations may occur, for example, A and / or B includes (A and B) and (A or B).

[0066] It should be noted that, based on the errors that may arise from the control of extraction conditions for Echinacea extract, Astragalus extract, and Yucca extract, as well as the errors that may arise in the testing of component content, the component content test results of the extracts obtained by the same extraction method have errors that are generally acceptable in the art.

[0067] Example 1 This example provides a feed additive, which is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Eucommia leaf extract 30%; Echinacea extract 30%; Astragalus extract 20%; Yucca extract 20%.

[0068] Among them, the preparation methods of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract, Echinacea purpurea extract, Astragalus membranaceus extract and Yucca schidigera extract are as follows: (1) Eucommia leaf extract: Add 10 times the weight of water to 50 kg of Eucommia leaves, boil and extract (100°C), extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours, and combine to obtain an extract. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C to a solid content of 30% to 40% by mass in the solution, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the Eucommia leaf extract.

[0069] It was determined that the mass percentage of chlorogenic acid in the Eucommia leaf extract was 5.12%, the mass percentage of flavonoids was 8.57%, and the mass percentage of polysaccharides was 25.34%.

[0070] (2) Echinacea Extract: Add 10 times the weight of 50% (V / V) ethanol aqueous solution to 50 kg of Echinacea, reflux and extract at 90°C, extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the Echinacea extract.

[0071] It has been determined that the mass percentage of chicoric acid in Echinacea extract is 2.24%.

[0072] (3) Astragalus extract: Add 10 times the weight of water to 50 kg of Astragalus, boil and extract (100°C), extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the Astragalus extract.

[0073] It was determined that the mass percentage of astragalus polysaccharides in the astragalus extract was 35.18%.

[0074] (4) Yucca extract: Add 10 times the weight of water to 50 kg of yucca, boil and extract (100°C), extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the yucca extract.

[0075] It has been determined that the mass percentage of yucca saponin in yucca extract is 61.36%.

[0076] This example also provides a method for preparing the feed additive, comprising the following steps: The various components are mixed to obtain the feed additive.

[0077] Example 2 This example provides a feed additive, which is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Eucommia leaf extract 30%; Echinacea extract 40%; Astragalus extract 10%; Yucca extract 20%.

[0078] Among them, the preparation methods of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract, Echinacea purpurea extract, Astragalus membranaceus extract and Yucca schidigera extract are as follows: (1) Eucommia leaf extract: Add 10 times the weight of 30% (V / V) ethanol aqueous solution to 50 kg of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, reflux extract at 100°C, extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours, and combine to obtain an extract. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C to a solid content of 30% to 40% by mass in the solution, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain an Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract.

[0079] It was determined that the mass percentage of chlorogenic acid in the Eucommia leaf extract was 5.33%, the mass percentage of flavonoids was 8.96%, and the mass percentage of polysaccharides was 24.08%.

[0080] (2) Echinacea Extract: Add 10 times the weight of 30% (V / V) ethanol aqueous solution to 50 kg of Echinacea, reflux and extract at 100°C, extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the Echinacea extract.

[0081] It has been determined that the mass percentage of chicoric acid in Echinacea extract is 2.15%.

[0082] (3) Astragalus extract: Add 10 times the weight of water to 50 kg of Astragalus, boil and extract (100°C), extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the Astragalus extract.

[0083] It has been determined that the mass percentage of astragalus polysaccharides in astragalus extract is 33.74%.

[0084] (4) Yucca extract: Add 10 times the weight of water to 50 kg of yucca, boil and extract (100°C), extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the yucca extract.

[0085] It has been determined that the mass percentage of yucca saponin in yucca extract is 63.21%.

[0086] This example also provides a method for preparing the feed additive, comprising the following steps: The various components are mixed to obtain the feed additive.

[0087] Example 3 This example provides a feed additive, which is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Eucommia leaf extract 40%; Echinacea extract 30%; Astragalus extract 20%; Yucca extract 10%.

[0088] Among them, the preparation methods of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract, Echinacea purpurea extract, Astragalus membranaceus extract and Yucca schidigera extract are as follows: (1) Eucommia leaf extract: Add 10 times the weight of 50% (V / V) ethanol aqueous solution to 50 kg of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, reflux extract at 90°C, extract twice, each extraction time is 1.5 hours, and combine to obtain an extract. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C to a solid content of 30% to 40% by mass in the solution, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain an Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract.

[0089] It was determined that the mass percentage of chlorogenic acid in the Eucommia leaf extract was 5.52%, the mass percentage of flavonoids was 9.36%, and the mass percentage of polysaccharides was 20.28%.

[0090] (2) Echinacea Extract: Add 10 times the weight of 70% (V / V) ethanol aqueous solution to 50 kg of Echinacea, reflux and extract at 90°C, extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the Echinacea extract.

[0091] It has been determined that the mass percentage of chicoric acid in Echinacea extract is 2.52%.

[0092] (3) Astragalus extract: Add 10 times the weight of water to 50 kg of Astragalus, boil and extract, extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the Astragalus extract.

[0093] It has been determined that the mass percentage of astragalus polysaccharides in the astragalus extract is 33.50%.

[0094] (4) Yucca extract: Add 10 times the weight of water to 50 kg of yucca, boil and extract, extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the yucca extract.

[0095] It has been determined that the mass percentage of yucca saponin in yucca extract is 64.09%.

[0096] This example also provides a method for preparing the feed additive, comprising the following steps: The various components are mixed to obtain the feed additive.

[0097] Example 4 This example provides a feed additive, which is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Eucommia leaf extract 40%; Echinacea extract 40%; Astragalus extract 10%; Yucca extract 10%.

[0098] Among them, the preparation methods of Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract, Echinacea purpurea extract, Astragalus membranaceus extract and Yucca schidigera extract are as follows: (1) Eucommia leaf extract: Add 10 times the weight of 70% (V / V) ethanol aqueous solution to 50 kg of Eucommia ulmoides leaves, reflux extract at 90°C, extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours, and combine to obtain an extract. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C to a solid content of 30% to 40% by mass in the solution, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain an Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract.

[0099] It was determined that the mass percentage of chlorogenic acid in the Eucommia leaf extract was 5.44%, the mass percentage of flavonoids was 9.42%, and the mass percentage of polysaccharides was 20.62%.

[0100] (2) Echinacea Extract: Add 10 times the weight of 70% (V / V) ethanol aqueous solution to 50 kg of Echinacea, reflux extract at 90°C, extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the Echinacea extract.

[0101] It has been determined that the mass percentage of chicoric acid in Echinacea extract is 2.43%.

[0102] (3) Astragalus extract: Add 10 times the weight of water to 50 kg of Astragalus, boil and extract (100°C), extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the Astragalus extract.

[0103] It has been determined that the mass percentage of astragalus polysaccharides in the astragalus extract is 35.05%.

[0104] (4) Yucca extract: Add 10 times the weight of water to 50 kg of yucca, boil and extract (100°C), extract twice, each time for 1.5 hours. After filtering the extract, the filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure at 65°C until the solid content in the solution is 30% to 40%, spray dried, and the powder is passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain the yucca extract.

[0105] It has been determined that the mass percentage of yucca saponin in yucca extract is 60.11%.

[0106] This example also provides a method for preparing the feed additive, comprising the following steps: The various components are mixed to obtain the feed additive.

[0107] Comparative Example 1 This example provides a feed additive, which is basically the same as the feed additive in Example 1, except that the echinacea extract, astragalus extract and yucca extract are omitted.

[0108] Comparative Example 2 This example provides a feed additive, which is basically the same as the feed additive in Example 1, except that eucommia leaf extract, astragalus extract and yucca extract are omitted.

[0109] Comparative Example 3 This example provides a feed additive, which is basically the same as the feed additive in Example 1, with the only difference being that eucommia leaf extract, echinacea extract, and yucca extract are omitted.

[0110] Comparative Example 4 This example provides a feed additive, which is basically the same as the feed additive in Example 1, except that eucommia leaf extract, echinacea extract, and astragalus extract are omitted.

[0111] Comparative Example 5 This example provides a feed additive, which is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Echinacea extract 50%; Astragalus extract 20%; Yucca extract 30%.

[0112] Among them, the Echinacea extract, Astragalus extract and Yucca extract are the same as those in Example 1.

[0113] This example also provides a method for preparing the feed additive, comprising the following steps: The various components are mixed to obtain the feed additive.

[0114] Comparative Example 6 This example provides a feed additive, which is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Eucommia leaf extract 40%; Astragalus extract 30%; Yucca extract 30%.

[0115] Among them, the Eucommia leaf extract, Astragalus extract, and Yucca extract are the same as those in Example 1.

[0116] This example also provides a method for preparing the feed additive, comprising the following steps: The various components are mixed to obtain the feed additive.

[0117] Comparative Example 7 This example provides a feed additive, which is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract 20%; Echinacea extract 60%; Yucca extract 20%.

[0118] Among them, the eucommia leaf extract, echinacea extract, and yucca extract are the same as those in Example 1.

[0119] This example also provides a method for preparing the feed additive, comprising the following steps: The various components are mixed to obtain the feed additive.

[0120] Comparative Example 8 This example provides a feed additive, which is composed of the following components in mass percentage: Eucommia ulmoides leaf extract 20%; Echinacea extract 30%; Astragalus extract 50%.

[0121] Among them, the Eucommia leaf extract, Echinacea purpurea extract, and Astragalus membranaceus extract are the same as those in Example 1.

[0122] This example also provides a method for preparing the feed additive, comprising the following steps: The various components are mixed to obtain the feed additive.

[0123] Application Examples Duroc-Changda hybrid weaned piglets (21 days old, weighing (7.30±0.20) kg) were used as research objects to investigate the effects of the feed additives of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 8 on the growth performance, immune function and pig house odor of the piglets.

[0124] 250 Duroc-Changda hybrid weaned piglets were randomly divided into 25 groups, with 10 pigs in each group. Among them, the blank group was fed with a basic diet without any feed additives; the test 1-1 group to the test 1-4 group were fed with a basic diet containing 300 mg / kg of the feed additives of Examples 1 to 4; the control 1-1 group to the test 1-8 group were fed with a basic diet containing 300 mg / kg of the feed additives of Comparative Examples 1 to 8; the test 2-1 group to the test 2-4 group were fed with a basic diet containing 600 mg / kg of the feed additives of Examples 1 to 4; the control 2-1 group to the test 2-8 group were fed with a basic diet containing 600 mg / kg of the feed additives of Comparative Examples 1 to 8.

[0125] Each group of piglets was isolated and raised in different pig houses. The experimental period was 30 days. During the experiment, the piglets were fed 4 times a day at regular times (8: 00, 12: 00, 16: 00 and 20: 00), all piglets were free to eat and drink water, piglet feces were cleaned every day, disinfected regularly every week, and the pig house was kept ventilated and clean. The temperature in the pen was controlled at 26℃~28℃, and the humidity was controlled at 60%~70%.

[0126] During the experiment, the defecation of piglets (stool color, shape, etc.) was observed from 9:00 to 10:00 and 15:00 to 16:00 every day, and the number of diarrheal individuals was recorded and scored. The specific scoring criteria are shown in Table 1, and the diarrhea index was calculated.

[0127] Diarrhea index = sum of fecal scores / (total number of observation days * number of piglets per litter) * 100.

[0128] Table 1

[0129] Record the feed supply, loss rate and residual feed of each group of piglets every day, calculate the actual daily feed intake, and calculate the average daily feed intake of piglets based on the feed consumption in 10 days; and observe and record the appetite, spirit, feces, morbidity, feed consumption, etc. of each group of piglets. Every day, select five points in the east, west, south, north and center of the house according to the principle of even distribution, and measure the ammonia concentration with a portable ammonia meter at a height of 0.3~0.5m from the ground in the morning.

[0130] At the beginning and end of the experiment, the 25 groups of pigs were weighed on an empty stomach, and the diarrhea rate, daily weight gain (daily weight gain = (final weight - initial weight) / 30 days), feed-to-meat ratio (feed-to-meat ratio = average daily feed intake / average daily weight gain), etc. were calculated.

[0131] At the end of the experiment, three pigs were randomly selected from each group, 5 mL of blood was collected from the anterior vena cava, centrifuged at 3000 r / min for 15 min, the supernatant was aspirated and stored at -20°C. The end point method was used to test the immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA) content in the serum.

[0132] At the end of the experiment, all data were processed and analyzed using SPSS 10.0 software.

[0133] The results are shown in Tables 2~4.

[0134] Table 2

[0135] The daily weight gain of piglets in the experimental group 1-1 to the experimental group 1-4 was significantly higher than that in the blank group and the control group 1-1 to the control group 1-8 ( P <0.05). The daily weight gain of piglets in the experimental groups 2-1 to 2-4 was significantly higher than that in the blank group and the control groups 2-1 to 2-8 ( P <0.05). In addition, the daily weight gain of piglets in Experiment 2-1~Experiment 2-4 groups was significantly higher than that in Experiment 1-1~Experiment 1-4 groups ( P <0.05).

[0136] The feed-to-meat ratio of piglets in the experimental groups 1-1 to 1-4 was significantly lower than that in the blank group and the control groups 1-1 to 1-8 ( P <0.05). The feed-to-meat ratio of piglets in the experimental groups 2-1 to 2-4 was significantly lower than that in the blank group and the control groups 2-1 to 2-8 ( P <0.05). In addition, the feed-to-meat ratio of piglets in Experiment 2-1 to Experiment 2-4 was significantly lower than that in Experiment 1-1 to Experiment 1-4 ( P <0.05).

[0137] The diarrhea rates of piglets in the experimental groups 1-1 to 1-4 were significantly lower than those in the blank group and the control groups 1-1 to 1-8 ( P <0.05). The diarrhea rates of piglets in the experimental groups 2-1 to 2-4 were significantly lower than those in the blank group and the control groups 2-1 to 2-8 ( P <0.05). In addition, the diarrhea rates of piglets in groups 2-1 to 2-4 were significantly lower than those in groups 1-1 to 1-4 ( P <0.05).

[0138] Table 3

[0139] The levels of serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, and IgA) in the piglets of the experimental groups 1-1 to 1-4 were significantly higher than those in the blank group and the control groups 1-1 to 1-8 ( P <0.05). The serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA) levels of piglets in the experimental 2-1~2-4 groups were significantly higher than those in the blank group and the control 2-1~2-8 groups ( P <0.05). In addition, the serum immunoglobulin (IgG, IgM, IgA) levels of piglets in groups 2-1 to 2-4 were significantly higher than those in groups 1-1 to 1-4 ( P <0.05).

[0140] Table 4

[0141] The ammonia concentrations in the piglet houses of the experimental groups 1-1 to 1-4 and 2-1 to 2-4 reached the highest concentration on the 15th day, then decreased and reached the lowest concentration on the 30th day. The ammonia concentrations in the piglet houses of the experimental groups 1-1 to 1-4 were significantly lower than those in the blank group and the control groups 1-1 to 1-8 ( P <0.05). The ammonia concentrations in the piglet houses of the experimental groups 2-1 to 2-4 were significantly lower than those in the blank group and the control groups 2-1 to 2-8 ( P <0.05). In addition, the ammonia concentrations in the piglet houses of groups 2-1 to 2-4 were significantly lower than those of groups 1-1 to 1-4 ( P <0.05).

[0142] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A feed additive, characterized in that: include: Eucommia leaf extract, Echinacea extract, Astragalus extract, Yucca extract.

2. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that Calculated by mass percentage, the feed additive includes: 30%-40% eucommia leaf extract, 30%-40% echinacea extract, 10%-20% astragalus extract, and 10%-20% yucca extract.

3. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The eucommia leaf extract comprises at least one of eucommia leaf water extract and eucommia leaf alcohol extract.

4. The feed additive according to claim 3, characterized in that The preparation method of the Eucommia ulmoides leaf water extract comprises the following steps: preparing a mixture of eucommia leaves and water, sequentially performing a first extraction and a first solid-liquid separation, and drying the liquid phase to obtain the eucommia leaf water extract; And / or, the preparation method of the Eucommia ulmoides leaf ethanol extract comprises the following steps: A mixture of eucommia leaves and a first ethanol aqueous solution is prepared, and a second extraction and a second solid-liquid separation are sequentially performed, and the liquid phase is dried to obtain the eucommia leaf alcohol extract.

5. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The Echinacea extract is an Echinacea alcohol extract; Preferably, the method for preparing the Echinacea extract comprises the following steps: preparing a mixture of Echinacea and a second ethanol aqueous solution, sequentially performing a third extraction and a third solid-liquid separation, and drying the liquid phase to obtain the Echinacea extract; Preferably, the extraction temperature of the third extraction is 80°C-100°C.

6. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The astragalus extract is an astragalus water extract; Preferably, the preparation method of the astragalus extract comprises the following steps: A mixture of astragalus and water is prepared, and the fourth extraction and the fourth solid-liquid separation are performed in sequence, and the liquid phase is dried to obtain the astragalus extract.

7. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that The yucca extract is a yucca water extract; Preferably, the preparation method of the yucca extract comprises the following steps: A mixture of yucca and water is prepared, and the fifth extraction and the fifth solid-liquid separation are performed in sequence, and the liquid phase is dried to obtain the yucca extract.

8. The method for preparing the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The feed additive is obtained by mixing the components.

9. Use of the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in preparing feed.

10. A feed, characterized in that: The feed comprises the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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