Shell-and-tube heat exchanger end socket and shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger end socket comprises a tube plate, a sealing cover and a partition plate, the sealing cover is of a curved-surface shell-shaped structure and is fixedly arranged on the tube plate, the sealing cover and the tube plate define a flowing cavity, three mounting hole sets are formed in the tube plate at intervals, each mounting hole set comprises a plurality of mounting holes, and the partition plate is arranged in the flowing cavity. The mounting holes are used for fixing a tube bundle in the heat exchanger, the partition plate is obliquely arranged in the flowing cavity, one end of the partition plate is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sealing cover, the other end of the partition plate is fixedly connected with the tube plate, the partition plate divides the flowing cavity into a stroke changing cavity and a one-way cavity, and the inclination direction of the partition plate faces the two adjacent mounting hole sets; and the two adjacent mounting hole groups are positioned in the stroke changing cavity. According to the heat exchanger, the partition plates are obliquely arranged, the fluid flowing path can be optimized in the stroke changing cavity, the local resistance loss and the backflow phenomenon are reduced, the fluid distribution uniformity is improved, fluid flows more stably in the stroke changing cavity, and therefore the heat exchange efficiency and the overall performance of the heat exchanger are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, and in particular to a shell and tube heat exchanger head and a shell and tube heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] Heat exchangers are key heat exchange equipment in industrial thermal processes. Shell and tube heat exchangers are widely used in various industrial fields such as energy, petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, aerospace, etc. due to their mature technology, simple structure, low cost, wide flow cross-section, and easy scale cleaning.

[0003] The shell and tube heat exchanger is divided into two parts: the tube side and the shell side. The head structure has a great influence on the heat transfer process of the tube side structure. An unreasonable head structure may cause uneven flow between the tube bundles on the tube side, which in turn causes uneven temperature field distribution inside the shell and tube heat exchanger and a reduction in the effective heat transfer area, causing the actual working effect of the heat exchanger to fail to meet the design goals or even the operating requirements. Therefore, designing a reasonable shell and tube heat exchanger head structure to optimize and improve the flow characteristics of the fluid in the tube bundle on the tube side has always been a key research direction in the structural design of shell and tube heat exchangers.

[0004] The research results show that an important reason affecting the performance of shell and tube heat exchangers is the appearance of a large number of eddy currents in the flow area where the flow direction changes inside the head, causing the retention of part of the fluid, affecting the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger, and causing local resistance loss and uneven flow. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a shell and tube heat exchanger head and a shell and tube heat exchanger, which are used to improve the flow distribution characteristics of the flow bypass area in the head to achieve the requirements of improving the local resistance loss and uniformity in the heat exchanger.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a shell and tube heat exchanger head, the head comprising a tube sheet, a cover and a partition, the cover being a curved shell-like structure, which is fixedly arranged on the tube sheet, the cover and the tube sheet enclose a flow cavity, three mounting hole groups are arranged on the tube sheet at intervals, each mounting hole group comprises a plurality of mounting holes, the mounting holes are used to fix the tube bundle in the heat exchanger, the partition is obliquely arranged in the flow cavity, one end of the partition is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover, and the other end is fixedly connected to the tube sheet, the partition divides the flow cavity into a transfer cavity and a one-way cavity, the inclination direction of the partition is toward two adjacent mounting hole groups, and the two adjacent mounting hole groups are located in the transfer cavity.

[0008] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, a flow port is provided on the cover, and the flow port is connected to the one-way cavity.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the sealing cover is a hemispherical or ellipsoidal shell structure.

[0010] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the middle mounting hole group among the three mounting hole groups is located at the center of the tube sheet, and the mounting hole groups on both sides are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle mounting hole group.

[0011] As some embodiments, the partition is in the shape of a straight plate, the lower end of the partition is fixedly connected to the tube sheet between two adjacent mounting hole groups, and the upper end of the partition is fixedly connected to the center of the inner wall of the cover.

[0012] As some other embodiments, the partition is an arc-shaped plate structure, the lower end of the partition is fixedly connected to the tube sheet between two adjacent mounting hole groups, the projection of the partition on the central symmetry plane of the cover is a quarter-period segment of the sinusoidal function curve, the upper end of the partition is tangent to the projected contour of the cover at the top of the cover, and the relative arc direction of the partition is toward the changeover chamber.

[0013] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, a coordinate system is established on the symmetric interface of the head, where the inner height of the head is L, and the distance from the bottom end of the partition to the center of the head is d, then the projection curve of the partition on the central symmetric plane of the head can be expressed as: x represents the horizontal position of the bottom end of the partition on the central symmetry plane of the cover, and y represents the height of the partition on the central symmetry plane of the cover.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a shell, a tube bundle group and the shell and tube heat exchanger head described in the first aspect, wherein three tube bundle groups are arranged inside the shell, and the tube bundle group is composed of multiple tube bundles, and the two ends of the shell are respectively fixedly connected to the head, and the two ends of the tube bundle group are respectively connected to the mounting hole groups on the tube plate, and the two ends of the shell in the axial direction are respectively provided with a heat exchange inlet and a heat exchange outlet.

[0015] On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, the head further includes an annular end cover, which is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral side of the tube sheet and fixedly connected to the open end of the shell.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] (1) The inclined setting of the baffle changes the impact angle of the fluid when it flows through the baffle. The fluid no longer directly impacts the junction between the head and the baffle. This inclined setting guides the fluid to flow at a smoother angle, reducing the local resistance loss caused by direct impact. The inclined baffle effectively reduces this backflow phenomenon by changing the flow direction of the fluid. The path of the fluid in the flow chamber is guided more smoothly, thereby reducing the retention area, improving the uniformity of fluid distribution, and the fluid flows more stably in the transfer chamber, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and overall performance of the heat exchanger.

[0018] (2) By setting the baffle as an arc-shaped structure, the arc-shaped baffle can more effectively guide the tube bundle flow in the cavity formed by the arc-shaped baffle and the head, further weakening the direct impact of the tube bundle flow on the cavity formed by the arc-shaped baffle and the head and the backflow effect in the interface area between the baffle and the head, thereby further improving the local resistance and flow uniformity of the cavity formed by the arc-shaped baffle and the head.

[0019] (3) By setting the projection of the partition on the central symmetry plane of the cover to a quarter period of the sine function curve, the upper end of the partition is tangent to the projection contour of the cover at the top of the cover, and the relative arc direction of the partition is toward the transfer cavity. This specific arc design can guide the fluid to flow in a specific path in the heat exchanger, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and reducing the dead zone or eddy zone. The shape of the sine function curve helps to smooth the flow path of the fluid, reduce the resistance encountered by the fluid during the flow process, and thus reduce the pressure loss. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the shell and tube heat exchanger head disclosed in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A structural mode of the partition disclosed in the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 Another structural mode of the partition disclosed in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a top view of the shell and tube heat exchanger head disclosed in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4Plane section view of AA;

[0026] Figure 6 A top view of the end cap disclosed in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the shell and tube heat exchanger disclosed in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the shell and tube heat exchanger disclosed in the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 Plane section view at BB in the middle;

[0030] Fig.10 The flow field diagram of the head under different baffle structures;

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 1. Head; 11. Tube sheet; 12. Cover; 13. Partition; Q; Flow cavity; Q1. Pass-changing cavity; Q2. Single-pass cavity; 121. Flow port; 110. Mounting hole group; 110a. Mounting hole; 2. Shell; 3. Tube bundle group; 31. Tube bundle; 21. Heat exchange inlet; 22. Heat exchange outlet; 14. Annular end cover. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, combined Figure 2 and 3 The embodiment of the present invention discloses a shell and tube heat exchanger head 1, wherein the head 1 includes a tube sheet 11, a cover 12 and a partition 13.

[0035] The tube sheet 11 is used to fix the tube bundle 31 inside the heat exchanger and forms a part of the structure of the head 1. The tube sheet 11 is provided with a plurality of mounting hole groups 110, each mounting hole group 110 includes a plurality of mounting holes 110a for fixing the tube bundle 31. In this embodiment, the shape of the tube sheet 11 is preferably disc-shaped, which is to adapt to the cylindrical shell and tube heat exchanger.

[0036] The cover 12 is a curved shell-like structure, fixed on the tube sheet 11, and together with the tube sheet 11 encloses a flow cavity Q. The curved shell-like design is conducive to the smooth flow of the fluid and reduces the flow dead angle.

[0037] The partition 13 is arranged inside the end cap 1, and divides the flow chamber Q inside the end cap 1 into a transfer chamber Q1 and a single-pass chamber Q2. In this embodiment, the transfer chamber Q1 refers to the transfer chamber Q1 through which two adjacent tube passes are connected in the shell and tube heat exchanger. The transfer chamber Q1 not only serves as a channel for fluid flow, but also converts fluid between multiple tube passes, so that the fluid can circulate and exchange heat between different tube passes.

[0038] The one-way cavity Q2 is only connected to one pipe pass, which can be the inlet or outlet of the fluid, but is not connected to other pipe passes. In other words, the one-way cavity Q2 is an independent cavity, and the fluid only completes a single flow in this cavity.

[0039] In the prior art, the partition 13 mostly adopts a straight plate structure, that is, the partition 13 is vertically connected to the inner wall of the tube sheet 11 and the cover 12. For the head 1 using a straight partition, on the one hand, the outflow of the tube bundle 31 has an obvious direct impact on the transfer cavity Q1 formed by the straight partition and the head 1, thereby causing a large local resistance loss; on the other hand, the transfer cavity Q1 formed by the straight partition and the head 1 is prone to generate a large amount of reflux in the interface area between the straight partition and the head 1, thereby forming a flow retention area and affecting the flow distribution of the tube bundle 31, resulting in uneven fluid distribution in the tube bundle 31, affecting the heat exchange performance.

[0040] In order to solve the above problem, the present embodiment adopts the following solution: the partition 13 is obliquely arranged in the flow chamber Q, one end of the partition 13 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover 12, and the other end is fixedly connected to the tube sheet 11, and the partition 13 divides the flow chamber Q into a transfer chamber Q1 and a single-pass chamber Q2, and the inclination direction of the partition 13 is toward two adjacent mounting hole groups 110, and the two adjacent mounting hole groups 110 are located in the transfer chamber Q1.

[0041] With the above technical solution, the inclined setting of the partition 13 changes the impact angle of the fluid when it flows through the partition 13, and the fluid no longer directly impacts the junction between the head 1 and the partition 13. This inclined setting guides the fluid to flow at a smoother angle, reducing the local resistance loss caused by direct impact. The inclined partition 13 effectively reduces this backflow phenomenon by changing the flow direction of the fluid, and the path of the fluid in the flow chamber Q is guided more smoothly, thereby reducing the retention area.

[0042] The design of the inclined setting of the partition 13 reduces local resistance loss and reflux phenomenon in the transfer chamber Q1 by optimizing the fluid flow path, and improves the uniformity of fluid distribution. The fluid flows more stably in the transfer chamber Q1, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and overall performance of the heat exchanger. The structural setting of the partition 13 not only reduces the flow retention area, but also makes the flow of the fluid between the tube bundles 31 more uniform, significantly improving the heat exchange effect.

[0043] As some preferred embodiments, a flow port 121 is provided on the cover 12, and the flow port 121 is connected to the one-way cavity Q2. The flow port 121 serves as a fluid channel, allowing the fluid to enter or leave the one-way cavity Q2 from the outside of the head 1, which provides a clear path for the fluid to enter and exit, ensuring that the fluid can effectively flow into the one-way cavity Q2. The flow port 121 can be an inlet or an outlet. Specifically, in a shell and tube heat exchanger with a three-pass structure, two heads 1 are required, and the flow port 121 on one head 1 is an inlet, and the flow port 121 on the other head 1 is an outlet.

[0044] As some preferred embodiments, the cover 12 is a hemispherical or ellipsoidal shell 2 structure. With the above structure, the fluid can flow more smoothly when entering the flow cavity Q, reducing the local impact and turbulence of the fluid, thereby reducing the local resistance loss.

[0045] In this embodiment, the middle mounting hole group 110 of the three mounting hole groups 110 is located at the center of the tube sheet 11, and the mounting hole groups 110 on both sides are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle mounting hole group 110. The middle mounting hole group 110 is located at the center of the tube sheet 11. This design ensures that the fluid can enter or flow out evenly from the center, minimizes the deviation of the fluid in the heat exchanger, and ensures the uniform distribution of the fluid in the entire heat exchanger. The mounting hole groups 110 on both sides are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle mounting hole group 110, so that the fluid flow is more balanced, avoiding an unbalanced flow path of the fluid inside the shell 2, and further reducing local resistance and eddy currents.

[0046] As an implementation method, refer to the attached Figure 2 As shown, the partition 13 is in the shape of a straight plate that is tilted. In this embodiment, the shape of the partition 13 can be understood as an inclined partition. The lower end of the partition 13 is fixedly connected to the tube sheet 11 between two adjacent mounting hole groups 110, and the upper end of the partition 13 is fixedly connected to the center of the inner wall of the cover 12.

[0047] In view of the fact that the head 1 with straight baffles is prone to produce a large number of reflux and flow retention areas, the inclined baffles are used to directly remove the original large number of reflux and flow retention areas. On the other hand, for the transfer cavity Q1 area formed by the inclined baffles and the head 1, the inclined baffles also play a certain role in guiding the flow from the tube bundle 31, so that the local resistance of the transfer cavity Q1 area formed by the inclined baffles and the head 1 is reduced to a certain extent, and the flow uniformity is improved to a certain extent. The numerical results show that compared with the cavity formed by the straight baffles and the head 1, the local pressure drop of the cavity area formed by the inclined baffles and the head 1 is reduced by about 10% at most, and the local flow uniformity is improved by about 7% at most.

[0048] As another embodiment, refer to the attached Figure 3-6 As shown, the partition 13 is an arc-shaped plate structure, the lower end of the partition 13 is fixedly connected to the tube sheet 11 between two adjacent mounting hole groups 110, the projection of the partition 13 on the central symmetry plane of the cover 12 is a quarter period segment of the sine function curve, the upper end of the partition 13 is tangent to the projection contour of the cover 12 at the top of the cover 12, and the relative arc direction of the partition 13 is toward the transfer chamber Q1.

[0049] Based on the optimization idea of ​​the inclined baffle, considering that the inclined baffle has a limited guiding effect on the flow from the tube bundle 31, the curved baffle 13 is used to guide the flow from the tube bundle 31 in the cavity formed by the curved baffle 13 and the head 1 more effectively, further weakening the direct impact of the flow from the tube bundle 31 on the cavity formed by the curved baffle 13 and the head 1 and the reflux effect in the junction area of ​​the baffle 13 and the head 1, thereby further improving the local resistance and flow uniformity of the cavity formed by the curved baffle 13 and the head 1. Fig.10 As shown, the numerical results show that compared with the cavity formed by the inclined baffle and the head 1, the local pressure drop in the cavity area formed by the arc baffle 13 and the head 1 is reduced by about 15% at most, and the local flow uniformity is improved by about 4% at most.

[0050] In order to ensure that the partition 13 can meet specific design requirements to achieve optimal fluid mechanics performance and heat exchange efficiency, this embodiment establishes a coordinate system on the symmetric interface of the head 1, where the height inside the cover 12 is L, and the distance between the bottom end of the partition 13 and the center of the head 1 is d. The projection curve of the partition 13 on the central symmetric plane of the cover 12 can be expressed as: x represents the horizontal position of the bottom end of the partition 13 on the central symmetry plane of the cover 12, and y represents the height of the partition 13 on the central symmetry plane of the cover 12.

[0051] The above equation clarifies the projection curve of the partition 13 on the symmetry plane of the head 1, thereby defining the arc profile of the partition 13. Among them, the height L inside the cover 12 is known, and the distance d between the bottom end of the partition 13 and the center of the head 1 is also a predetermined parameter in the design, which is set according to the size and design requirements of the head 1. The coordinate value of the partition 13 in the horizontal position, the range of x values ​​is known, selected between [-d, 0], and y is calculated by the equation based on the known L, d and the given x value. Through the curve equation, the geometric shape of the partition 13, the height distribution of each point, the position of the bottom and upper ends, and the tangent relationship with the top of the cover 12 can be determined, thereby achieving the design goals of optimizing the fluid flow path, reducing pressure loss, evenly distributing the fluid and improving structural stability.

[0052] Through the specific arc design, the fluid can be guided to flow in a specific path within the heat exchanger, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency and reducing the dead zone or eddy zone. The shape of the sine function curve helps to smooth the flow path of the fluid, reduce the resistance encountered by the fluid during the flow process, and thus reduce the pressure loss.

[0053] The present invention also discloses a shell and tube heat exchanger. Figure 7-9 As shown, it includes a shell 2, a tube bundle group 3 and the shell and tube heat exchanger head 1 disclosed in the above embodiment, wherein three tube bundle groups 3 are arranged inside the shell 2, and the tube bundle group 3 is composed of multiple tube bundles 3, and the two ends of the shell 2 are respectively fixedly connected to the head 1, and the two ends of the tube bundle group 3 are respectively connected to the mounting hole group 110 on the tube plate 11, and the two ends of the shell 2 in the axial direction are respectively provided with a heat exchange inlet 21 and a heat exchange outlet 22.

[0054] Three tube bundle groups 3 are arranged inside the heat exchanger, which can realize a three-tube pass structure setting, help increase the heat exchange area of ​​the heat exchanger, and improve the heat exchange efficiency. At the same time, the fluid changes between the three tube passes through two heads 1. In the process of passing through the three tube passes, the fluid can fully exchange heat between different tube bundle groups 3, thereby improving the overall heat exchange performance. The inclined baffle or arc baffle 13 arranged in the head 1 can effectively guide the flow of the fluid and ensure that the flow of the fluid inside the heat exchanger is more uniform. The design of the inclined baffle or arc baffle 13 helps to avoid the formation of local retention or eddy currents of the fluid inside the heat exchanger, thereby improving the heat exchange effect of the heat exchanger and the uniform distribution of the fluid. The setting of the inclined baffle or arc baffle 13 can reduce the local resistance loss during the flow of the fluid, and by optimizing the fluid flow path, the fluid can flow more smoothly through the inside of the heat exchanger, further improving the overall performance of the heat exchanger.

[0055] The heat exchanger disclosed in this embodiment realizes effective heat exchange of fluid between multiple tube bundles 3 by setting a three-tube structure, combining two heads 1 and an inclined partition 13 structure, optimizes the uniformity of fluid flow, and reduces local resistance loss. Such a structural setting not only improves the heat exchange efficiency, but also enhances the stability and performance of the heat exchanger, so that it exhibits higher efficiency and better fluid flow characteristics in practical applications.

[0056] In some embodiments, the end cap 1 further includes an annular end cap 14, which is fixedly disposed on the outer peripheral side of the tube sheet 11 and is fixedly connected to the open end of the shell 2. The annular end cap 14 is conveniently fixed to the open end of the shell 2 through a flange.

[0057] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A shell and tube heat exchanger head, characterized in that: The end cap (1) comprises a tube sheet (11), a cover (12) and a partition (13); the cover (12) is a curved shell structure, which is fixedly arranged on the tube sheet (11); the cover (12) and the tube sheet (11) enclose a flow cavity (Q); three mounting hole groups (110) are arranged on the tube sheet (11) at intervals; each mounting hole group (110) comprises a plurality of mounting holes (110a); the mounting holes (110a) are used to fix the inner surface of the heat exchanger. The invention relates to a tube bundle (31), wherein the partition (13) is obliquely arranged in the flow chamber (Q), one end of the partition (13) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cover (12), and the other end is fixedly connected to the tube sheet (11), the partition (13) divides the flow chamber (Q) into a transfer chamber (Q1) and a single-pass chamber (Q2), the inclination direction of the partition (13) is toward two adjacent mounting hole groups (110), and the two adjacent mounting hole groups (110) are located in the transfer chamber (Q1).

2. The shell and tube heat exchanger head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover (12) is provided with a flow port (121), and the flow port (121) is connected to the one-way cavity (Q2).

3. The shell and tube heat exchanger head according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sealing cover (12) is a hemispherical or ellipsoidal shell (2) structure.

4. The shell and tube heat exchanger head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The middle mounting hole group (110) of the three mounting hole groups (110) is located at the center of the tube plate (11), and the mounting hole groups (110) on both sides are symmetrically arranged relative to the middle mounting hole group (110).

5. The shell and tube heat exchanger head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The partition (13) is in the shape of a straight plate arranged obliquely, the lower end of the partition (13) is fixedly connected to the tube sheet (11) between two adjacent mounting hole groups (110), and the upper end of the partition (13) is fixedly connected to the center of the inner wall of the cover (12).

6. The shell and tube heat exchanger head according to claim 4, characterized in that: The partition (13) is an arc-shaped plate-like structure. The lower end of the partition (13) is fixedly connected to the tube sheet (11) between two adjacent mounting hole groups (110). The projection of the partition (13) on the central symmetric plane of the cover (12) is a quarter period segment of a sine function curve. The upper end of the partition (13) is tangent to the projection contour of the cover (12) at the top of the cover (12). The relative arc direction of the partition (13) faces the transfer chamber (Q1).

7. The shell and tube heat exchanger head according to claim 6, characterized in that: A coordinate system is established on the symmetric interface of the head (1), wherein the height inside the cover (12) is L, and the distance between the bottom end of the partition (13) and the center of the head (1) is d. Then, the projection curve of the partition (13) on the central symmetric plane of the cover (12) can be expressed as: x represents the horizontal position of the bottom end of the partition (13) on the central symmetry plane of the cover (12), and y represents the height of the partition (13) on the central symmetry plane of the cover (12).

8. A shell and tube heat exchanger, comprising a shell (2), a tube bundle group (3) and a shell and tube heat exchanger head according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Three tube bundle groups (3) are arranged inside the shell (2), and the tube bundle group (3) is composed of a plurality of tube bundles (3). The two ends of the shell (2) are respectively fixedly connected to the head (1), and the two ends of the tube bundle group (3) are respectively connected to the mounting hole groups (110) on the tube sheet (11). The two ends of the shell (2) in the axial direction are respectively provided with a heat exchange inlet (21) and a heat exchange outlet (22).

9. The shell and tube heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sealing head (1) further comprises an annular end cover (14), wherein the annular end cover (14) is fixedly arranged on the outer peripheral side of the tube sheet (11), and the annular end cover (14) is fixedly connected to the open end of the shell (2).

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