Antenna and electronic device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an antenna and an electronic device, and belongs to the technical field of communication. The antenna of the present disclosure comprises a first substrate; wherein the first substrate comprises: a first dielectric substrate comprising a main substrate and a side substrate, the main substrate having a first surface and a second surface oppositely arranged along the thickness direction thereof, and the side substrate comprising a third surface and a fourth surface oppositely arranged along the thickness direction thereof; the second surface of the main substrate is connected with the third surface of the side substrate, and the side substrate protrudes from the second surface of the main substrate; a first reference electrode layer arranged on the first surface and the fourth surface; at least one support component arranged on the second surface; at least one radiation structure, one radiation structure arranged on one side of one support component away from the main substrate; at least one first feed line group, one first feed line group configured to feed power to one radiation structure; the first feed line group comprises a first feed line and a second feed line, the first feed line and the second feed line both extend from the second surface to the support component and are electrically connected with the radiation structure, and the polarization directions of the first feed line and the second feed line are different.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of communication, and particularly relates to an antenna and an electronic device. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a new type of beautifying antenna, the transparent antenna is gradually introduced into special application scenarios such as vehicle communication and large-angle building signal coverage due to its excellent concealment and radiation performance not inferior to that of traditional antennas. At present, the most common transparent antenna processing method is to use a transparent conductive film through a metal meshing process, and the transparent conductive film is attached to the surface of a smooth transparent structural member through an optically clear adhesive (OCA) optical adhesive, so as to realize the process of the antenna radiation element. Because the common transparent antenna needs to go through the attachment process of the transparent conductive film, the implementation form of the antenna is often limited to a single layer or a laminated patch form, and such an antenna form greatly restricts the working bandwidth that can be realized by the antenna. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provide an antenna and an electronic device.

[0004] In a first aspect, an antenna is provided, comprising a first substrate; wherein,

[0005] The first substrate comprises:

[0006] The first substrate comprises:

[0007] A first reference electrode layer is arranged on the first surface and the fourth surface.

[0008] At least one support component is arranged on the second surface.

[0009] At least one radiation structure, one of the radiation structures is arranged on one side of one of the support components away from the main substrate.

[0010] At least one first feed line group is configured to feed one of the radiation structures; the first feed line group comprises a first feed line and a second feed line, the first feed line and the second feed line are both extended from the second surface to the support component and electrically connected with the radiation structure, and the polarization directions of the first feed line and the second feed line are different.

[0011] The first substrate further comprises:

[0012] The first feeding structure is arranged on the third surface, and one first feeding port of the first feeding structure is electrically connected with one of the first feed lines;

[0013] The antenna further comprises a second substrate, and the second substrate comprises:

[0014] The second dielectric substrate has a fifth surface and a sixth surface arranged oppositely along the thickness direction thereof; the fifth surface is arranged oppositely to the fourth surface;

[0015] The second reference electrode layer is arranged on the fifth surface;

[0016] The second feeding structure is arranged on the sixth surface, and one first feeding port of the second feeding structure is electrically connected with one of the second feed lines through a first connecting via; the first connecting via penetrates through the side substrate, the first reference electrode layer, the second reference electrode layer and the second dielectric substrate.

[0017] The second reference electrode layer has a first opening thereon, and a first connecting electrode is arranged in the first opening; the antenna further comprises a first radio frequency line and a second radio frequency line;

[0018] The core of the first radio frequency line is electrically connected with a second feeding port of the first feeding structure through a second connecting via; the second connecting via penetrates through the second dielectric substrate, the second reference electrode layer, the first reference electrode layer and the side substrate;

[0019] The core of the second radio frequency line is electrically connected with the first connecting electrode through a third connecting via, and the first connecting electrode is electrically connected with a second feeding port of the second feeding structure through a fourth connecting via; the third connecting via and the fourth connecting via both penetrate through the second dielectric substrate.

[0020] The antenna further comprises a second opening, the second opening penetrates through the side substrate and the first reference electrode layer, and the core of the second radio frequency line passes through the second opening.

[0021] The antenna further comprises a first solder pad and a second solder pad;

[0022] The first solder pad is sleeved on the first radio frequency line, is electrically connected with the reference ground of the first radio frequency line, and is electrically connected with the second reference electrode layer through a fifth connecting via; the second solder pad is sleeved on the second radio frequency line, is electrically connected with the reference ground of the second radio frequency line, and is electrically connected with the second reference electrode layer through a sixth connecting via; the fifth connecting via and the sixth connecting via both penetrate through the second dielectric substrate.

[0023] The second substrate is a printed circuit board.

[0024] The first feeding line comprises a first main branch, a first branch and a second branch; the second feeding line comprises a second main branch, a third branch and a fourth branch.

[0025] For one of the first feeding lines, one end of the first main branch is electrically connected to a first feeding port of the first feeding structure, and the other end is electrically connected to the first branch and the second branch, and the first branch and the second branch are electrically connected to one of the radiation structures.

[0026] For one of the second feeding lines, one end of the second main branch is electrically connected to a first feeding port of the second feeding structure, and the other end is electrically connected to the third branch and the fourth branch, and the third branch and the fourth branch are electrically connected to one of the radiation structures.

[0027] The support assembly comprises a first support part, a second support part, a third support part and a fourth support part arranged on the main substrate; the first support part is formed with a first laser-engraved pattern, the second support part is formed with a second laser-engraved pattern, the third support part is formed with a third laser-engraved pattern, and the fourth support part is formed with a fourth laser-engraved pattern; the first branch is formed on the first laser-engraved pattern, the second branch is formed on the second laser-engraved pattern, the third branch is formed on the third laser-engraved pattern, and the fourth branch is formed on the fourth laser-engraved pattern.

[0028] The first support part, the second support part, the third support part and the fourth support part are polycarbonate plastic or cyclic olefin polymer plastic.

[0029] The first support part, the second support part, the third support part and the fourth support part are polycarbonate plastic or cyclic olefin polymer plastic.

[0030] The second part of the first support part, the second part of the second support part, the second part of the third support part and the second part of the fourth support part all have protrusions away from the side of the first dielectric substrate, and the protrusions penetrate through the radiation structure and are fixed to the radiation structure.

[0031] The radiation structure comprises a third dielectric substrate opposite to the main substrate and a radiation layer disposed on the third dielectric substrate.

[0032] The radiation layer is disposed on the side of the third dielectric substrate close to the main substrate.

[0033] The radiation layer comprises a metal mesh structure.

[0034] The line width of the metal mesh is 2-30 μm, the line spacing is 50-250 μm, and the line thickness is 1-10 μm.

[0035] The third dielectric substrate comprises any one of polycarbonate plastic, cyclic olefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

[0036] The antenna further comprises a radome, and the first substrate is disposed in the radome.

[0037] The first dielectric substrate comprises any one of polycarbonate plastic, cyclic olefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

[0038] The main substrate and the side substrate are integrally formed.

[0039] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electronic device comprising the antenna as described in any one of the above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 It is a full view of the antenna of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0041] Figure 2 It is a first substrate and second substrate separation view of the antenna of the embodiments of the present disclosure under a first viewing angle.

[0042] Figure 3 It is a first substrate and second substrate separation view of the antenna of the embodiments of the present disclosure under a second viewing angle.

[0043] Figure 4 It is an enlarged view of a feed position on the second substrate of the antenna of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 5 It is a full view of one resonator of the antenna of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 6 It is a side view of one resonator of the antenna of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 7 It is a top view of the first substrate of one resonator of the antenna of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 8 A schematic view of a support assembly for one element of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 9 A plan view of a radiation structure (radiation layer side) of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 10 A plan view of a radiation layer of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 11 A plan view of a metal mesh structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 12 A schematic view of a standing wave ratio characteristic of one element in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0052] Figure 13 A schematic view of an isolation characteristic of an element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0053] Figure 14 A schematic view of a gain characteristic of an element according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] Figure 15 A schematic view of a standing wave ratio characteristic of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0055] Figure 16 A schematic view of an isolation characteristic of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0056] Figure 17 A schematic view of a gain characteristic of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to enable a person skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0058] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms “an,” “a,” or “the,” and similar terms do not indicate a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. The terms “including,” “comprising,” or “containing,” and similar terms mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. The terms “connected,” “linked,” or similar terms are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. The terms “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right,” etc., are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0059] Firstly, such as Figures 1-11 As shown, this disclosure provides an antenna that includes at least a first substrate. The first substrate includes a first dielectric substrate 11, a first reference electrode layer 16, at least one support component 17, at least one radiating structure 13, and at least one feed line group. In this disclosure embodiment, the feed line group and the support component 17 are each corresponding to a radiating structure 13. This disclosure embodiment uses four feed line groups, four support components 17, and four radiating structures 13 as examples, but it should be understood that this does not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this disclosure embodiment. One radiating structure 13 and one feed line group connected to it constitute one element, that is, the antenna includes four elements.

[0060] Specifically, the first dielectric substrate 11 in the first substrate includes a main substrate 111 and a side substrate 112; the main substrate 111 has a first surface M1 and a second surface M2 disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction, and the side substrate 112 includes a third surface M3 and a fourth surface M4 disposed opposite to each other along its thickness direction; the second surface M2 of the main substrate 111 is connected to the third surface M3 of the side substrate 112, and the side substrate 112 protrudes from the second surface M2 of the main substrate 111. That is, the first dielectric substrate 11 is an L-shaped substrate. A first reference electrode layer 16 is disposed on the first surface M1 of the main substrate 111 and the fourth surface M4 of the side substrate 112. A support assembly 17 is disposed on the second surface M2 of the main substrate 111. A radiating structure 13 is disposed on the side of the support assembly 17 away from the main substrate 111. Each feed line group includes two feed lines, namely a first feed line 141 and a second feed line 142; the first feed line 141 and the second feed line 142 in the feed line group both extend from the second surface M2 to the support assembly 17 and are electrically connected to the radiating structure 13. In this embodiment, the first feed line 141 and the second feed line 142 have different polarization directions, thus enabling a dual-polarized antenna. It should be noted that, referring to... Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment of the present disclosure, both the first feeder 141 and the second feeder 142 in the feeder group are 1-to-2 power dividers. The first feeder 141 includes a first main path 141a, a first branch 141b, and a second branch 141c; the second feeder 142 includes a second main path 142a, a third branch 142b, and a fourth branch 142c. The first main path 141a is configured to be electrically connected to the first feed structure 15, and the second main path 142a is configured to be electrically connected to the second feed structure 22. The first main path 141a is electrically connected to the first branch 141b and the second branch 141c, both of which extend to the extension support assembly 17 and are electrically connected to the radiation structure 13. The second main path 142a is electrically connected to the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c, both of which extend to the extension support assembly 17 and are electrically connected to the radiation structure 13. In this embodiment, the first branch 141b and the second branch 141c are 180° out of phase (points A and B in the figure), and the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c are also 180° out of phase. This embodiment can achieve ±45° polarization. This embodiment only uses ±45° as an example; however, it should be understood that other polarization directions can be achieved using the antenna in this embodiment, which will not be listed here.

[0061] In this embodiment of the disclosure, by setting the first feed line 141 and the second feed line 142 on the support component 17, the original horizontally arranged traces are changed to vertically designed traces, which improves the transmittance of the antenna, enhances the freedom of antenna design, and helps the antenna achieve a large bandwidth and high isolation.

[0062] In some examples, the antenna of this disclosure embodiment includes not only the structure described above, but also a first feed structure 15 and a second feed structure 22, wherein the first feed structure 15 is configured to feed the first feed line 141 in each feed line group, and the second feed structure 22 is configured to feed the second feed line 142 in each feed line group.

[0063] In one example, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first feed structure 15 is integrated in the first substrate, and the second feed structure 22 is integrated in the second substrate 2. Specifically, the first feed structure 15 can be disposed on the third surface M3 of the side substrate 112. Since the antenna includes four radiating structures 13, the first feed structure 15 can be a 1-to-4 power divider, that is, it has one second feed port and four first feed ports. In this case, each second feed port of the first feed structure 15 is connected to its corresponding first feed line 141 (first main path 141a). Figure 3 As shown, the second substrate 2 may specifically include a second dielectric substrate 21, a second reference electrode layer 23, and a second feed structure 22. The second dielectric substrate 21 includes a fifth surface M5 and a sixth surface M6 disposed opposite to each other. The second reference electrode layer 23 of the second dielectric substrate 21 is disposed on the fifth surface M5 and is disposed opposite to the fourth surface M4 of the side substrate 112. The second feed structure 22 is disposed on the sixth surface M6 of the second dielectric substrate 21. The second feed structure 22 can also be a 1-to-4 power divider, that is, it has one second feed port and four first feed ports. In this case, each second feed port of the second feed structure 22 is connected to its corresponding second feed line 142 (first main path 141a) through a first connection via 101. The first connection via 101 penetrates the side substrate 112, the first reference electrode layer 16, the second reference electrode, and the second dielectric substrate 21.

[0064] Furthermore, the antenna also includes a first radio frequency line 3 and a second radio frequency line 4. The core of the first radio frequency line 3 is electrically connected to the second feed port of the first feed structure 15, and the core of the second radio frequency line 4 is electrically connected to the second feed port of the second feed structure 22.

[0065] Specifically, such as Figure 4As shown, the second reference electrode layer 23 has a first opening 51, within which a first connection electrode 231 is disposed. The core of the first RF line 3 is electrically connected to the second feed port of the first feed structure 15 through a second connection via 102. The second connection via 102 penetrates the second dielectric substrate 21, the second reference electrode layer 23, the first reference electrode layer 16, and the side substrate 112. The core of the second RF line 4 is electrically connected to the first connection electrode 231 through a third connection via 103, and the first connection electrode 231 is electrically connected to the second feed port of the second feed structure 22 through a fourth connection via 104. Both the third connection via 103 and the fourth connection via 104 penetrate the second dielectric substrate 21. Additionally, the antenna also includes a second opening 52, which penetrates the side substrate 112 and the first reference electrode layer 16, and the core of the second RF line 4 passes through the second opening 52, i.e., the second opening 52 serves as a clearance opening for the core of the second RF line 4.

[0066] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the antenna also includes a first pad and a second pad. The first pad is mounted on the first RF line 3 and electrically connected to the reference ground of the first RF line 3. The first pad is also electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer 23 through a fifth connection via 105. The second pad is mounted on the second RF line 4 and electrically connected to the reference ground of the second RF line 4. The second pad is also electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer 23 through a sixth connection via 106. Both the fifth connection via 105 and the sixth connection via 106 penetrate the second dielectric substrate 21. By electrically connecting the reference ground of the first RF line 3 to the second reference electrode layer 23 through the first pad and the reference ground of the second RF line 4 to the second reference electrode layer 23 through the second pad, it is not necessary to separately set up signal lines to apply voltage to the reference ground of the first RF line 3 and the reference ground of the second RF line 4, thereby reducing wiring.

[0067] In some examples, the first power supply structure 15 in this embodiment of the present disclosure may be formed on the third surface M3 of the side substrate 112 by laser engraving chemical plating.

[0068] In some examples, such as Figure 8As shown, the support assembly 17 in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a first support portion, a second support portion, a third support portion and a fourth support portion arranged on the main substrate 111; a first laser-engraved pattern is formed on the first support portion, a second laser-engraved pattern is formed on the second support portion, a third laser-engraved pattern is formed on the third support portion, and a fourth laser-engraved pattern is formed on the fourth support portion; the first branch 141b is formed on the first laser-engraved pattern, the second branch 141c is formed on the second laser-engraved pattern, the third branch 142b is formed on the third laser-engraved pattern, and the fourth branch 142c is formed on the fourth laser-engraved pattern. That is, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, when forming the first branch 141b, the second branch 141c, the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c, it is necessary to first form the first laser-engraved pattern, the second laser-engraved pattern, the third laser-engraved pattern and the fourth laser-engraved pattern on the first support portion, the second support portion, the third support portion and the fourth support portion respectively by laser-engraving to form the subsequent grooves of the first branch 141b, the second branch 141c, the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c, and then form conductive materials in the first laser-engraved pattern, the second laser-engraved pattern, the third laser-engraved pattern and the fourth laser-engraved pattern respectively by a method including but not limited to chemical plating to form the first branch 141b, the second branch 141c, the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c.

[0069] Further, the first support portion, the second support portion, the third support portion and the fourth support portion in the embodiment of the present disclosure are all made of plastic material, which can be polycarbonate plastic or cyclic olefin polymer plastic.

[0070] Further, the first support portion, the second support portion, the third support portion and the fourth support portion of the embodiment of the present disclosure have a T-shaped orthographic projection on the main substrate 111, and each of the first support portion, the second support portion, the third support portion and the fourth support portion includes a first part 171 and a second part 172 arranged on the first dielectric substrate 11 and connected to each other; the first laser-engraved pattern is formed on the first part 171 of the first support portion, the second laser-engraved pattern is formed on the first part 171 of the second support portion, the third laser-engraved pattern is formed on the first part 171 of the third support portion, and the fourth laser-engraved pattern is formed on the first part 171 of the fourth support portion. The first support portion, the second support portion, the third support portion and the fourth support portion of this structure have a reinforcing rib structure, and thus can more stably fix the radiation structure 13.

[0071] Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the radiation structure 13 includes a first support assembly 17, a second support assembly 18, a third support assembly 19 and a fourth support assembly 20 arranged on the main substrate 111. Figure 9As shown, the second part 172 of the first support part, the second part 172 of the second support part, the second part 172 of the third support part and the second part 172 of the fourth support part all have protrusions 173 on the side away from the first medium substrate 11, and the protrusions 173 pass through the radiation structure 13 and are fixed to the radiation structure 13. That is, the radiation structure 13 is provided with four fixing holes 130, and the protrusions on the second part 172 of the first support part, the second part 172 of the second support part, the second part 172 of the third support part and the second part 172 of the fourth support part pass through the corresponding fixing holes 130 respectively, so that the radiation structure 13 can be fixed to the support assembly 17 well.

[0072] In some examples, as Figure 8 and 9 shown, the radiation structure 13 includes a third medium substrate 131 opposite to the main substrate 111 and a radiation layer 132 disposed on the third medium substrate 131. Specifically, the radiation layer 132 can be disposed on the side of the third medium substrate 131 close to the main substrate 111. It should be noted that the radiation layer 132 has a certain gap 100 with the first branch 141b and the second branch 141c of the first feed line 141 and the first branch 141b and the second branch 141c of the second feed line 142, so that the radiation layer 132 and the first branch 141b and the second branch 141c of the first feed line 141 and the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c of the second feed line 142 are electrically connected in a coupled manner.

[0073] Further, the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure is a transparent antenna, and the radiation layer 132 can be a metal mesh structure. Of course, the second reference electrode layer 23, the first feed line 141 and the second feed line 142 in the embodiment of the present disclosure can all adopt a metal mesh structure.

[0074] Further, as Figure 11 shown, the metal mesh structure in the embodiment of the present disclosure can include a plurality of first metal wires arranged in a cross manner and a plurality of second metal wires arranged in a cross manner. Each first metal wire is arranged side by side along a first direction and extends along a second direction; each second metal wire is arranged side by side along the first direction and extends along a third direction. The extension directions of the first metal wires and the second metal wires of the metal mesh structure can be perpendicular to each other, at which time a positive direction or a rectangular hollow part is formed. Of course, the extension directions of the first metal wires and the second metal wires of the metal mesh can be arranged non-perpendicularly, for example, the included angle between the extension directions of the first metal wires and the second metal wires is 45°, at which time a rhombic hollow part is formed.

[0075] In some examples, the line width, line thickness and line spacing of the first metal lines and the second metal lines of the metal mesh structure are preferably all the same, of course, they can also be different. For example: the line width W1 of the first metal lines and the second metal lines is about 1-30 μm, the line spacing W2 is about 50-250 μm, and the line thickness is about 0.5-10 μm. The metal mesh in the embodiment of the present disclosure can be formed on the flexible substrate through a process including but not limited to embossing or etching, and then attached to the first dielectric substrate 11 / third dielectric substrate 131.

[0076] In some examples, the first dielectric substrate 11 and the third dielectric substrate 131 are supports for the flexible substrate, wherein the material includes but is not limited to polycarbonate plastic (Polycarbonate; PC), cycloolefin polymer plastic (Copolymers of Cycloolefin; COP) or acrylic / organic glass (Polymethyl Methacrylate; PMMA). In addition, the attachment of the first flexible substrate, the second flexible substrate and the first dielectric substrate 11 can use transparent optical glue, and the attachment of the third flexible substrate and the third dielectric substrate 131 can also use transparent optical glue.

[0077] In some examples, the antenna not only includes the above structure, but also includes a radome, and the first substrate, the second substrate 2 and the third substrate in the antenna are located in the accommodation space of the radome. The first substrate and the third substrate are respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the radome, for example, the first substrate and the third substrate are respectively attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the radome by using transparent optical glue (Optically Clear Adhesive; OCA). Specifically, the radome includes oppositely arranged first and second substrates, the first dielectric substrate 11 provided with the first reference electrode layer 16 is arranged on the side of the first substrate close to the second substrate 2, and the radiation structure 13 is arranged on the side of the second substrate close to the first substrate.

[0078] Further, the material of the radome can include plastic, for example: polycarbonate plastic (Polycarbonate; PC), cycloolefin polymer plastic (Copolymers of Cycloolefin; COP) or acrylic / organic glass (Polymethyl Methacrylate; PMMA) and the like.

[0079] In some examples, the first connection via hole 101, the second connection via hole 102, the third connection via hole 103, the fourth connection via hole 104, the fifth connection via hole 105 and the sixth connection via hole 106 described above in the embodiment of the present disclosure can all be conductive holes, which can be filled with a copper needle or the like conductive member.

[0080] In some examples, the antenna in this disclosure can be a transparent antenna, which can be applied to glass window systems in vehicles, trains (including high-speed trains), airplanes, buildings, etc. The transparent antenna can be fixed to the inside of the glass window (the side closer to the interior). Because transparent antennas have high optical transmittance, they do not significantly affect the transmittance of the glass window while achieving communication functions, and this type of transparent antenna is also becoming a trend in aesthetically pleasing antenna designs.

[0081] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the dimensions of one oscillator are 80mm × 80mm × 18mm (0.67λc × 0.67λc × 0.15λc, where λc is the wavelength of the center frequency). One oscillator refers to a radiating structure 13 and a first feed line 141 and a second feed line 142 connected thereto. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the standing wave ratio characteristics of an oscillator in an embodiment of this disclosure; as shown... Figure 12 As shown, the oscillator in this embodiment of the present disclosure satisfies a working bandwidth of 2300-2700MHz with a VSWR < 1.5, and a relative bandwidth higher than 16%. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the isolation characteristics of the oscillator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; as shown Figure 13 As shown, the oscillator of the present invention can achieve an ultra-high isolation characteristic of more than 34.5dB within the operating frequency range of 2300 to 2700MHz, which greatly improves the anti-crosstalk characteristics of the dual-polarized oscillator. Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the gain characteristics of the oscillator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown below. Figure 14 As shown, the oscillator of this embodiment can achieve a radiation gain of more than 8.2 dBi within the operating frequency range.

[0082] To better understand the performance of the embodiments of this disclosure, Figure 1The antenna shown is simulated. The antenna is composed of a 1x4 dipole array, with a size of 320mmx75mmx18mm (2.67lcx0.625lcx0.15lc). The antenna includes a first substrate, a second substrate 2, a first radio frequency wire 3, and a second radio frequency wire 4. The first substrate includes a first dielectric substrate 11, a first reference electrode layer 16, four support components 17, four radiation structures 13, and four feed line groups. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the feed line groups and the support components 17 are each arranged one-to-one with the radiation structures 13. The first dielectric substrate 11 in the first substrate is an L-shaped substrate, which includes a main substrate 111 and a side substrate 112; the main substrate 111 has a first surface M1 and a second surface M2 oppositely arranged along the thickness direction thereof, and the side substrate 112 includes a third surface M3 and a fourth surface M4 oppositely arranged along the thickness direction thereof; the second surface M2 of the main substrate 111 is connected to the third surface M3 of the side substrate 112, and the side substrate 112 protrudes from the second surface M2 of the main substrate 111. The first reference electrode layer 16 is arranged on the first surface M1 of the main substrate 111 and the fourth surface M4 of the side substrate 112. The support components 17 are arranged on the second surface M2 of the main substrate 111. The radiation structures 13 are arranged on a side of the support components 17 away from the main substrate 111. Each feed line group includes two feed lines, namely a first feed line 141 and a second feed line 142; the first feed line 141 and the second feed line 142 in the feed line group each extend from the second surface M2 to the support components 17 and are electrically connected to the radiation structures 13. The first feed line 141 and the second feed line 142 are each a two-way power divider, the first branch 141b and the second branch 141c of the first feed line 141 have a phase difference of 180°, and the third branch 142b and the fourth branch 142c of the second feed line 142 have a phase difference of 180°. The first feed structure 15 is integrated in the first substrate, and the second feed structure 22 is integrated in the second substrate 2. The first feed structure 15 and the second feed structure 22 each adopt a four-way power divider. The core of the first radio frequency wire 3 is electrically connected to a second feed port of the first feed structure 15, and the core of the second radio frequency wire 4 is electrically connected to a second feed port of the second feed structure 22. A first pad is sleeved on the first radio frequency wire 3 and is electrically connected to a reference ground of the first radio frequency wire 3, and the first pad is electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer 23 through a fifth connecting via 105; a second pad is sleeved on the second radio frequency wire 4 and is electrically connected to a reference ground of the second radio frequency wire 4, and the second pad is electrically connected to the second reference electrode layer 23 through a sixth connecting via 106; the fifth connecting via 105 and the sixth connecting via 106 each penetrate the second dielectric substrate 21.

[0083] Figure 15 The standing wave ratio characteristic diagram of the antenna of the disclosed embodiment is shown. As shown in the figure, the antenna of the disclosed embodiment can also achieve an operating frequency of 2300-2700MHz after the wide-band dipole array. Figure 15 Figure 16 ​A diagram of isolation characteristics of the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 2. Figure 16 As shown, the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure can achieve high isolation characteristics of greater than 26dB within the operating frequency band. Figure 17 A diagram of gain characteristics of the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure is shown in FIG. 3. Figure 17 As shown, the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure can achieve excellent gain characteristics of greater than 12.8dBi within the operating frequency, ensuring the signal strength of the antenna of the embodiment of the present disclosure in signal coverage.

[0084] In a second aspect, the embodiment of the present disclosure provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising the antenna as described above.

[0085] In some examples, the antenna further comprises a transceiving unit, a radio frequency transceiver, a signal amplifier, a power amplifier, and a filter unit. The antenna in the communication device can serve as a transmitting antenna or a receiving antenna. The transceiving unit can comprise a baseband and a receiving end, the baseband provides signals of at least one frequency band, such as 2G signals, 3G signals, 4G signals, 5G signals, etc., and transmits the signals of at least one frequency band to the radio frequency transceiver. After the antenna in the communication system receives the signals, the signals can be transmitted to the receiving end in the transceiving unit after being processed by the filter unit, the power amplifier, the signal amplifier, and the radio frequency transceiver. The receiving end can be a smart gateway, etc.

[0086] Further, the radio frequency transceiver is connected to the transceiving unit, and is configured to modulate the signals transmitted by the transceiving unit, or to demodulate the signals received by the antenna and then transmit the signals to the transceiving unit. Specifically, the radio frequency transceiver can comprise a transmitting circuit, a receiving circuit, a modulation circuit, and a demodulation circuit. After the transmitting circuit receives the signals of various types provided by the baseband, the modulation circuit can modulate the signals of various types provided by the baseband and then transmit the signals to the antenna. After the antenna receives the signals and transmits the signals to the receiving circuit of the radio frequency transceiver, the receiving circuit transmits the signals to the demodulation circuit, and the demodulation circuit demodulates the signals and then transmits the signals to the receiving end.

[0087] Further, the radio frequency transceiver is connected with the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, the signal amplifier and the power amplifier are connected with the filter unit, and the filter unit is connected with the at least one antenna. In the process of transmitting signals by the communication system, the signal amplifier is used to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver and then transmit the signal to the filter unit; the power amplifier is used to amplify the power of the signal output by the radio frequency transceiver and then transmit the signal to the filter unit; the filter unit can specifically include a duplexer and a filter circuit, the filter unit combines and filters the signals output by the signal amplifier and the power amplifier and then transmits the signals to the antenna, and the antenna radiates the signals. In the process of receiving signals by the communication system, the antenna receives the signals and then transmits the signals to the filter unit, the filter unit filters the signals received by the antenna and then transmits the signals to the signal amplifier and the power amplifier, the signal amplifier increases the gain of the signals received by the antenna and increases the signal-to-noise ratio of the signals, and the power amplifier amplifies the power of the signals received by the antenna. The signals received by the antenna are processed by the power amplifier and the signal amplifier and then transmitted to the radio frequency transceiver, and the radio frequency transceiver transmits the signals to the transceiver unit.

[0088] In some examples, the signal amplifier can include various types of signal amplifiers, such as a low-noise amplifier, without limitation.

[0089] In some examples, the antenna provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure further includes a power management unit, and the power management unit is connected with the power amplifier and provides a voltage for the power amplifier to amplify signals.

[0090] It can be understood that the above implementation is only an exemplary implementation adopted for illustrating the principles of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are also regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An antenna comprising a first substrate; wherein, the first substrate comprises: a first dielectric substrate comprising a main substrate and a side substrate, the main substrate having a first surface and a second surface oppositely arranged along a thickness direction thereof, the side substrate comprising a third surface and a fourth surface oppositely arranged along a thickness direction thereof; the second surface of the main substrate is connected with the third surface of the side substrate, and the side substrate protrudes from the second surface of the main substrate; a first reference electrode layer arranged on the first surface and the fourth surface; at least one support component arranged on the second surface; at least one radiation structure, one of the radiation structures being arranged on a side of one of the support components away from the main substrate; at least one first feed line group, one of the first feed line groups being configured to feed power to one of the radiation structures; the first feed line group comprises a first feed line and a second feed line, both of which extend from the second surface to the support component and are electrically connected with the radiation structure, and the polarization directions of the first feed line and the second feed line are different.

2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein, the first substrate further comprises: a first feeding structure arranged on the third surface, and one first feeding port of the first feeding structure is electrically connected with one of the first feed lines; the antenna further comprises a second substrate, the second substrate comprising: a second dielectric substrate having a fifth surface and a sixth surface oppositely arranged along a thickness direction thereof; the fifth surface is arranged opposite to the fourth surface; a second reference electrode layer arranged on the fifth surface; a second feeding structure arranged on the sixth surface, one first feeding port of the second feeding structure is electrically connected with one of the second feed lines through a first connection via; the first connection via penetrates through the side substrate, the first reference electrode layer, the second reference electrode layer and the second dielectric substrate.

3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein, the second reference electrode layer has a first opening therein, and a first connection electrode is arranged in the first opening; the antenna further comprises a first radio frequency wire and a second radio frequency wire; a wire core of the first radio frequency wire is electrically connected with a second feeding port of the first feeding structure through a second connection via; the second connection via penetrates through the second dielectric substrate, the second reference electrode layer, the first reference electrode layer and the side substrate; a wire core of the second radio frequency wire is electrically connected with the first connection electrode through a third connection via, and the first connection electrode is electrically connected with a second feeding port of the second feeding structure through a fourth connection via; both the third connection via and the fourth connection via penetrate through the second dielectric substrate.

4. The antenna of claim 3, wherein, a second opening is further included, the second opening penetrates through the side substrate and the first reference electrode layer, and a wire core of the second radio frequency wire passes through the second opening.

5. The antenna of claim 3, wherein, a first pad and a second pad are further included; The first pad is sleeved on the first radio frequency line and is electrically connected with the reference ground of the first radio frequency line, and the first pad is electrically connected with the second reference electrode layer through a fifth connecting via hole; the second pad is sleeved on the second radio frequency line and is electrically connected with the reference ground of the second radio frequency line, and the second pad is electrically connected with the second reference electrode layer through a sixth connecting via hole; the fifth connecting via hole and the sixth connecting via hole both penetrate the second dielectric substrate.

6. The antenna of claim 2, wherein, The second substrate is a printed circuit board.

7. The antenna of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The first feed line comprises a first main branch, a first branch and a second branch; the second feed line comprises a second main branch, a third branch and a fourth branch; For one of the first feed lines, one end of the first main branch is electrically connected with a first feeding port of a first feeding structure, and the other end is electrically connected with the first branch and the second branch, and the first branch and the second branch are electrically connected with one of the radiation structures; For one of the second feed lines, one end of the second main branch is electrically connected with a first feeding port of a second feeding structure, and the other end is electrically connected with the third branch and the fourth branch, and the third branch and the fourth branch are electrically connected with one of the radiation structures.

8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein, The support assembly comprises a first support part, a second support part, a third support part and a fourth support part arranged on the main substrate; a first laser-engraved pattern is formed on the first support part, a second laser-engraved pattern is formed on the second support part, a third laser-engraved pattern is formed on the third support part, and a fourth laser-engraved pattern is formed on the fourth support part; the first branch is formed on the first laser-engraved pattern, the second branch is formed on the second laser-engraved pattern, the third branch is formed on the third laser-engraved pattern, and the fourth branch is formed on the fourth laser-engraved pattern.

9. The antenna of claim 8, wherein, The first support part, the second support part, the third support part and the fourth support part are polycarbonate plastic or cyclic olefin polymer plastic.

10. The antenna of claim 8, wherein, The first support part, the second support part, the third support part and the fourth support part are polycarbonate plastic or cyclic olefin polymer plastic.

11. The antenna of claim 10, wherein, Orthographic projections of the first support part, the second support part, the third support part and the fourth support part on the main substrate are T-shaped, and the first support part, the second support part, the third support part and the fourth support part each comprise a first part and a second part arranged on the main substrate and connected with each other; the first laser-engraved pattern is formed on the first part of the first support part, the second laser-engraved pattern is formed on the first part of the second support part, the third laser-engraved pattern is formed on the first part of the third support part, and the fourth laser-engraved pattern is formed on the first part of the fourth support part.

12. The antenna of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The second part of the first support part, the second part of the second support part, the second part of the third support part and the second part of the fourth support part each have a protruding part on the side away from the first dielectric substrate, and the protruding part penetrates the radiation structure and is fixed with the radiation structure.

13. The antenna of claim 12, wherein, The radiation structure comprises a third dielectric substrate arranged opposite to the main substrate and a radiation layer arranged on the third dielectric substrate. The radiation layer is arranged on the side of the third dielectric substrate close to the main substrate.

14. The antenna of claim 12, wherein, The radiation layer comprises a metal mesh structure.

15. The antenna of claim 14, wherein, The metal mesh has a line width of 2-30 μm, a line spacing of 50-250 μm, and a line thickness of 1-10 μm.

16. The antenna of claim 12, wherein, The third dielectric substrate comprises any one of polycarbonate plastic, cyclic olefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

17. The antenna of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The first substrate is disposed in a radome.

18. The antenna of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The first dielectric substrate comprises any one of polycarbonate plastic, cyclic olefin polymer plastic, and organic glass.

19. The antenna of any one of claims 1-6, wherein, The main substrate and the side substrate are integrally formed.

20. An electronic device comprising the antenna of any one of claims 1-19.

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