A system and method for testing energy conversion efficiency of giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer

Abstract

The present invention discloses a system and method for testing the energy conversion efficiency of a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer. The test system comprises a load section, a power supply section, and a measurement and monitoring section. The load section includes an oscillator module, an excitation module, a magnetic permeability module, an output module, a prestressed loading module, and a temperature control module; the power supply section includes a programmable AC power supply and a matching box; and the measurement and monitoring section includes a power analyzer, a storage recorder, an oscilloscope, a laser displacement sensor, an accelerometer, a digital platform, and the like. This invention can easily and effectively extract the energy conversion efficiency of a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer under different operating conditions, providing theoretical support for the structural design and optimization of giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency measurement, and in particular to a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency testing system and method. Background Art

[0002] Giant magnetostrictive materials, with their unique advantages of fast frequency response, high output, and high energy density, have become a hot topic of research. They are widely used in underwater exploration and nondestructive testing. As the core component of a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer, the operating state of the giant magnetostrictive rod significantly influences its material properties, and thus the energy conversion process of the transducer. However, the energy conversion efficiency of existing giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducers under different operating conditions remains unclear, severely hindering their use and widespread adoption.

[0003] At present, a large number of studies have been carried out on the loss characteristics of giant magnetostrictive materials at home and abroad, and corresponding testing systems have been developed. However, the test objects are only small-sized annular or block materials, and the complex working conditions of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer in actual operation, such as different temperatures, prestresses and bias magnetic fields, are not considered. The above research lacks a systematic testing method and is difficult to apply to actual working conditions. It cannot provide a greater reference for the development of giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducers. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for testing the energy conversion efficiency of a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer. The system can effectively extract the energy conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer under different prestress and temperature conditions, which has guiding significance for the design of giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducers.

[0005] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency testing system includes a load portion, the load portion is electrically connected to a measurement and monitoring portion and a power supply portion, and the load portion is powered by the power supply portion, and is characterized by:

[0007] The load part includes an oscillator module, an excitation module, a magnetic conductivity module, an output module, a prestressed loading module and a temperature control module; the oscillator module includes a giant magnetostrictive rod, an upper samarium cobalt permanent magnet and a lower samarium cobalt permanent magnet; the excitation module includes a left excitation coil and a right excitation coil; the magnetic conductivity module includes an upper magnetic conductivity block, a lower magnetic conductivity block and a magnetic yoke, and the upper magnetic conductivity block and the lower magnetic conductivity block are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the oscillator module, and together with the magnetic yoke form a magnetic circuit of the transducer; the output module is a flextensional shell, and the flextensional shell is arranged on the guide Both ends of the magnetic module; the prestressed loading module includes a digital pressure sensor and a press, the press is located in the long axis direction of the flextensional shell, and the digital pressure sensor is located between the upper magnetic block and the long axis of the flextensional shell; the temperature control module includes a constant temperature box, the constant temperature box completely covers the vibrator module, and the constant temperature box also covers the lower part of the upper magnetic block and the upper part of the lower magnetic block; the upper samarium cobalt permanent magnet and the lower samarium cobalt permanent magnet are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod, and the left excitation coil and the right excitation coil are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the giant magnetostrictive rod;

[0008] The measurement and monitoring part includes a digital platform, which is electrically connected to a power analyzer, a dynamic signal acquisition system, a laser displacement sensor, a storage recorder and an oscilloscope. The dynamic signal acquisition system is electrically connected to an acceleration sensor, which is placed at the short axis of the flextensional shell. The laser displacement sensor is located outside the short axis of the flextensional shell. The storage recorder is electrically connected to a Hall chip, an induction coil and a thermocouple. The Hall chip is tightly attached to the surface of the giant magnetostrictive rod, the induction coil is wound around the surface of the giant magnetostrictive rod, and the thermocouple is attached to the giant magnetostrictive rod. The oscilloscope and the power analyzer are electrically connected to both ends of the left excitation coil and the right excitation coil.

[0009] Furthermore, the power supply part includes a programmable AC power supply and a matching box, and the programmable AC power supply is electrically connected to the load part through the matching box.

[0010] Furthermore, the temperature control module also includes a heating plate and a temperature control device. The heating plate is arranged on the inner wall of the constant temperature box, and the temperature control device is electrically connected to the heating plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the matching box in the power supply part is composed of a plurality of capacitors, and the reactance of the test system under different working conditions is matched by adjusting the series and parallel connection of the capacitors.

[0012] Furthermore, the inner frame of the constant temperature box is made of epoxy resin board, and the outer layer is made of thermal insulation cotton.

[0013] A method for testing the energy conversion efficiency of a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer comprises the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Use a programmable AC power supply to provide alternating currents of different amplitudes to the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer, use a Hall chip to test the magnetic field strength in the giant magnetostrictive rod, and use an induction coil to test the magnetic flux density in the giant magnetostrictive rod, and according to the formula: Calculate the magnetic energy loss of the giant magnetostrictive rod under the corresponding working conditions ,in is the temperature under this condition, is prestressed, The bias magnetic field is used; the voltage, current and phase at both ends of the excitation coil are monitored by an oscilloscope to obtain the eddy current loss of the excitation coil. ;Magnetic energy loss of giant magnetostrictive rod Eddy current loss of the excitation coil The sum is the electromagnetic loss of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer ;

[0015] Step 2: Use an acceleration sensor to test the mechanical properties of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer housing under this working condition, and use a laser displacement sensor to test the displacement of the minor axis of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer housing under this working condition, and according to the formula: ; is the angular frequency, is the elastic potential energy per unit volume, is the quality factor, is Young's modulus, In order to consider the displacement of the short axis of the flextensional shell under the influence of temperature, prestress and bias magnetic field, is the volume, and the mechanical loss of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer is Perform calculations;

[0016] Step 3: Use a power analyzer to measure the input power of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer under this working condition Monitor and subtract the electromagnetic losses described in steps 1 and 2 and mechanical losses , and the output mechanical energy is obtained , and then calculate the electromagnetic conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer , magnetic machine conversion efficiency and energy conversion efficiency ;

[0017] Step 4: Using a temperature control module to change the temperature of the giant magnetostrictive rod, using a press to change the prestress of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer, and again supplying an AC current with the same amplitude and frequency as in steps 1-2 to the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer. Following steps 1-3, the magnetic field intensity and magnetic flux density of the giant magnetostrictive rod, the mechanical properties of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer housing, and the minor axis displacement are tested to determine the energy conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer under different temperature and prestress conditions.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0019] This invention provides a system for testing the energy conversion efficiency of a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer. This system generates excitation under different operating conditions through a power supply module, providing an alternating magnetic field to a load module. The load module's prestressing module and temperature control module regulate the prestress and temperature of the giant magnetostrictive rod. The measurement and monitoring module measures the input power, electromagnetic loss, and mechanical loss of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer under different operating conditions. A digital platform allows direct extraction of the energy conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer during actual operation.

[0020] The present invention provides a method for testing the energy conversion efficiency of a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer. Compared to existing methods that measure the loss characteristics of small-sized giant magnetostrictive materials under the influence of a single factor, the present invention tests a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer comprising a large, cylindrical giant magnetostrictive rod. The method also simultaneously considers the effects of prestress, temperature, and bias magnetic field, directly extracting the energy conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer during actual operation. This method provides guidance for the design of high-power giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency test system;

[0022] Figure 2 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the load portion of a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency test system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is the logic block diagram of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency test system;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the key measurement and monitoring part of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer;

[0025] Figure 5 This is the logic block diagram of the energy conversion efficiency test method of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer;

[0026] Figure 6 It is the digital platform interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] To further illustrate the technical means and effectiveness of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, a system and method for testing the energy conversion efficiency of a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer according to the present invention are described in detail below, with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred examples.

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency testing system, including: a load part, a power supply part and a measurement and monitoring part.

[0029] like Figure 1 and 2 The load portion of a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer magnetic energy loss test platform provided by the present invention includes an upper samarium cobalt permanent magnet 1, a giant magnetostrictive rod 2, a lower samarium cobalt permanent magnet 3, a left excitation coil 4, a right excitation coil 5, an upper magnetic conductive block 6, a lower magnetic conductive block 7, a magnetic yoke 8, a flextensional housing 9, a digital pressure sensor 10, a press, a constant temperature chamber, a heater, and a temperature control device.

[0030] like Figure 1 and 2 As shown, the load section is composed of an oscillator module, an excitation module, a magnetic conductivity module, an output module, a prestressed loading module, and a temperature control module. The oscillator module includes an upper samarium cobalt permanent magnet 1, a giant magnetostrictive rod 2, and a lower samarium cobalt permanent magnet 3; the excitation module includes a left excitation coil 4 and a right excitation coil 5; the magnetic conductivity module includes an upper magnetic conductivity block 6, a lower magnetic conductivity block 7, and a magnetic yoke 8; the output module includes a flextensional housing 9; the prestressed loading module includes a digital pressure sensor 10 and a press; and the temperature control module includes a constant temperature box, a heating plate, and a temperature control device.

[0031] In this embodiment, the upper samarium cobalt permanent magnet 1 and the lower samarium cobalt permanent magnet 3 in the vibrator module are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod, providing a relatively uniform bias magnetic field for the giant magnetostrictive rod.

[0032] In this embodiment, the left excitation coil 4 and the right excitation coil 5 in the excitation module are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the giant magnetostrictive rod, providing a relatively uniform alternating magnetic field for the giant magnetostrictive rod.

[0033] In this embodiment, the upper magnetic conductive block 6 and the lower magnetic conductive block 7 in the magnetic conductive module are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the vibrator module, and together with the magnetic yoke form a magnetic circuit of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer.

[0034] In this embodiment, the output module is a flextensional housing 9, which is added to both ends of the magnetic conductive module.

[0035] In this embodiment, the press in the prestress loading module is located in the long axis direction of the flextensional shell, and the press can be used to adjust the prestress of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer. The digital pressure sensor 10 in the prestress loading module can display the prestress of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer in real time.

[0036] In this embodiment, the thermostat in the temperature control module has an inner frame made of an epoxy resin board and an outer layer made of thermal insulation cotton. The thermostat covers the entire upper samarium cobalt permanent magnet, the lower samarium cobalt permanent magnet, the giant magnetostrictive rod, and part of the upper magnetic block and the lower magnetic block.

[0037] In this embodiment, the heating plates and temperature control device in the temperature control module are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the constant temperature box. The internal temperature of the constant temperature box can be adjusted by controlling the on and off of the heating plates, and the temperature inside the constant temperature box can be displayed and fed back in real time through the display screen.

[0038] The power supply part includes a programmable AC power supply and a matching box. The programmable AC power supply can change the excitation magnitude of the input excitation coil through programming.

[0039] In this embodiment, a matching box is added to the power supply part, which can adjust the circuit impedance to a large extent and increase the input amplitude of the excitation coil within the power limit of the programmable AC power supply, thereby providing a widely adjustable alternating magnetic field for the giant magnetostrictive rod.

[0040] In this embodiment, the matching box in the power supply part is composed of a plurality of capacitors, and the reactance of the test system under different working conditions is matched by adjusting the series and parallel connection of the capacitors.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the measurement and monitoring part includes a power analyzer, a storage recorder, an oscilloscope, a laser displacement sensor, an acceleration sensor, and a digital platform. The power analyzer can monitor the power output at both ends of the load in real time, the storage recorder can monitor the temperature rise inside the load in real time, the oscilloscope can monitor the voltage, current, and phase at both ends of the excitation coil in real time, the laser displacement sensor can test the displacement of the load, the acceleration sensor can test the mechanical properties of the flextensional shell, and the digital platform can process the test data in real time and extract the energy conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer under the corresponding working conditions.

[0042] The schematic diagram of the key measurement and monitoring part of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer provided by the present invention is as follows: Figure 4 As shown, the measurement and monitoring part also includes a thermocouple attached to the giant magnetostrictive rod, and the output is connected to a storage recorder to ensure that the temperature of the giant magnetostrictive rod remains substantially unchanged during each test.

[0043] like Figure 4As shown, the measuring and monitoring part also includes an induction coil tightly wound on the surface of the giant magnetostrictive rod, and the two output ends are connected to the storage recorder.

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the measurement and monitoring part also includes a Hall chip tightly attached to the surface of the giant magnetostrictive rod, and the two output ends are connected to the storage recorder.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the acceleration sensor in the measurement and monitoring part is placed at the short axis of the flextensional shell to obtain the damping ratio of the flextensional shell under different working conditions.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, the laser displacement sensor in the measurement and monitoring part is placed outside the short axis of the flextensional shell to test the displacement of the short axis of the flextensional shell under different working conditions.

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the digital platform in the measurement and monitoring part can process the test data in real time and extract the energy conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer under the corresponding working conditions.

[0048] like Figure 5 As shown, the present invention also discloses a method for testing the output characteristics of a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer, which is implemented on the basis of the above-mentioned giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer output characteristics testing system. The method comprises the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Use a programmable AC power supply to provide alternating currents of different amplitudes to the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer, use a Hall chip to test the magnetic field strength in the giant magnetostrictive rod, and use an induction coil to test the magnetic flux density in the giant magnetostrictive rod, and according to the formula: Calculate the magnetic energy loss of the giant magnetostrictive rod under the corresponding working conditions ,in is the temperature under this condition, is prestressed, The bias magnetic field is used; the voltage, current and phase at both ends of the excitation coil are monitored by an oscilloscope to obtain the eddy current loss of the excitation coil. ;Magnetic energy loss of giant magnetostrictive rod Eddy current loss of the excitation coil The sum is the electromagnetic loss of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer ;

[0050] Step 2: Use an acceleration sensor to test the mechanical properties of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer housing under this working condition, and use a laser displacement sensor to test the displacement of the minor axis of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer housing under this working condition, and according to the formula: ; is the angular frequency, is the elastic potential energy per unit volume, is the quality factor, is Young's modulus, In order to consider the displacement of the short axis of the flextensional shell under the influence of temperature, prestress and bias magnetic field, is the volume, and the mechanical loss of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer is Perform calculations;

[0051] Step 3: Use a power analyzer to measure the input power of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer under this working condition Monitor and subtract the electromagnetic losses described in steps 1 and 2 and mechanical losses , and the output mechanical energy is obtained , and then calculate the electromagnetic conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer , magnetic machine conversion efficiency and energy conversion efficiency ;

[0052] Step 4: Using a temperature control module to change the temperature of the giant magnetostrictive rod, using a press to change the prestress of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer, again supplying an AC current with the same amplitude and frequency as in steps 1-2 to the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer, and testing the magnetic field intensity and magnetic flux density of the giant magnetostrictive rod, the mechanical properties of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer housing, and the minor axis displacement as described in steps 1-3 to obtain the energy conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer under different temperature and prestress conditions;

[0053] Compared to existing methods that measure the loss characteristics of small-scale giant magnetostrictive materials under the influence of a single factor, the testing method described above targets a giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer comprising a large, cylindrical giant magnetostrictive rod. This method also simultaneously considers the effects of prestress, temperature, and bias magnetic field. This allows direct extraction of the energy conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer during actual operation, providing guidance for the design of high-power giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducers.

[0054] The giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency testing system and method described in the present invention have the characteristics of simple structure, easy operation, stability and accuracy, and have practical application value.

[0055] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment by any technician familiar with the profession according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency testing system, comprising a load portion electrically connected to a measurement and monitoring portion and a power supply portion, wherein the load portion is powered by the power supply portion, characterized in that: The load part includes an oscillator module, an excitation module, a magnetic conductivity module, an output module, a prestressed loading module and a temperature control module; the oscillator module includes a giant magnetostrictive rod, an upper samarium cobalt permanent magnet and a lower samarium cobalt permanent magnet; the excitation module includes a left excitation coil and a right excitation coil; the magnetic conductivity module includes an upper magnetic conductivity block, a lower magnetic conductivity block and a magnetic yoke, and the upper magnetic conductivity block and the lower magnetic conductivity block are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the oscillator module, and together with the magnetic yoke form a magnetic circuit of the transducer; the output module is a flextensional shell, and the flextensional shell is arranged on the guide Both ends of the magnetic module; the prestressed loading module includes a digital pressure sensor and a press, the press is located in the long axis direction of the flextensional shell, and the digital pressure sensor is located between the upper magnetic block and the long axis of the flextensional shell; the temperature control module includes a constant temperature box, the constant temperature box completely covers the vibrator module, and the constant temperature box also covers the lower part of the upper magnetic block and the upper part of the lower magnetic block; the upper samarium cobalt permanent magnet and the lower samarium cobalt permanent magnet are symmetrically distributed at both ends of the giant magnetostrictive rod, and the left excitation coil and the right excitation coil are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the giant magnetostrictive rod; The measurement and monitoring part includes a digital platform, which is electrically connected to a power analyzer, a dynamic signal acquisition system, a laser displacement sensor, a storage recorder, and an oscilloscope. The dynamic signal acquisition system is electrically connected to an acceleration sensor, which is placed at the short axis of the flextensional shell. The laser displacement sensor is located outside the short axis of the flextensional shell. The storage recorder is electrically connected to a Hall chip, an induction coil, and a thermocouple. The Hall chip is tightly attached to the surface of the giant magnetostrictive rod, the induction coil is wound around the surface of the giant magnetostrictive rod, and the thermocouple is attached to the giant magnetostrictive rod. The oscilloscope and the power analyzer are electrically connected to both ends of the left excitation coil and the right excitation coil. The power supply part includes a programmable AC power supply and a matching box, and the programmable AC power supply is electrically connected to the load part through the matching box; The test method is as follows: Step 1: Use a programmable AC power supply to provide alternating currents of different amplitudes to the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer, use a Hall chip to test the magnetic field strength in the giant magnetostrictive rod, and use an induction coil to test the magnetic flux density in the giant magnetostrictive rod, and according to the formula: Calculate the magnetic energy loss of the giant magnetostrictive rod under the corresponding working conditions ,in is the temperature under this condition, is prestressed, The bias magnetic field is used; the voltage, current and phase at both ends of the excitation coil are monitored by an oscilloscope to obtain the eddy current loss of the excitation coil. ;Magnetic energy loss of giant magnetostrictive rod Eddy current loss of the excitation coil The sum is the electromagnetic loss of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer ; Step 2: Use an acceleration sensor to test the mechanical properties of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer housing under this working condition, and use a laser displacement sensor to test the displacement of the minor axis of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer housing under this working condition, and according to the formula: ; is the angular frequency, is the elastic potential energy per unit volume, is the quality factor, is Young's modulus, In order to consider the displacement of the short axis of the flextensional shell under the influence of temperature, prestress and bias magnetic field, is the volume, and the mechanical loss of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer is Perform calculations; Step 3: Use a power analyzer to measure the input power of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer under this working condition Monitor and subtract the electromagnetic losses described in steps 1 and 2 and mechanical losses , and the output mechanical energy is obtained , and then calculate the electromagnetic conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer , magnetic machine conversion efficiency and energy conversion efficiency ; Step 4: Using a temperature control module to change the temperature of the giant magnetostrictive rod, using a press to change the prestress of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer, and again supplying an AC current with the same amplitude and frequency as in steps 1-2 to the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer. Following steps 1-3, the magnetic field intensity and magnetic flux density of the giant magnetostrictive rod, the mechanical properties of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer housing, and the minor axis displacement are tested to determine the energy conversion efficiency of the giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer under different temperature and prestress conditions.

2. The giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control module further comprises a heating plate and a temperature control device. The heating plate is arranged on the inner wall of the constant temperature box, and the temperature control device is electrically connected to the heating plate.

3. The giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The matching box in the power supply part is composed of a plurality of capacitors, and the reactance under different working conditions of the test system is matched by adjusting the series and parallel connection of the capacitors.

4. The giant magnetostrictive flextensional transducer energy conversion efficiency testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermostatic box has an inner frame made of epoxy resin board and an outer frame made of thermal insulation cotton.

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