Terminal, wireless communication method, and base station

Abstract

A terminal according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with: a transmission unit that transmits location information of the terminal; a receiving unit that receives at least one of first information related to an angle of arrival of a signal in the terminal based on the position information and second information related to an angle of transmission of a signal in the terminal based on the position information; and a control unit that determines a reception beam of a downlink signal on the basis of the first information and / or determines a transmission beam of an uplink signal on the basis of the second information. According to one mode of the invention, appropriate overhead reduction / channel estimation / resource utilization can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station in a next-generation mobile communication system. Background Art

[0002] In the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) network, Long Term Evolution (LTE) has been standardized for the purpose of further high-speed data rates and low latency (Non-Patent Document 1). In addition, LTE-Advanced (3GPP Rel. 10-14) has been standardized for the purpose of further increasing the capacity and sophistication of LTE (Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) version (Rel.) 8, 9).

[0003] The successor systems of LTE (also known as the fifth generation mobile communication system (5G), 5G+(plus), the sixth generation mobile communication system (6G), New Radio (NR), 3GPP Rel.15 and later, etc.) are also being studied.

[0004] Prior art literature

[0005] Non-patent literature

[0006] Non-patent document 1: 3GPP TS 36.300 V8.12.0 “Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN); Overall description; Stage 2 (Release 8)”, April 2010 Summary of the invention

[0007] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0008] For future wireless communication technologies, research is underway to fully utilize artificial intelligence (AI) technologies such as machine learning (ML) for network / device control and management. For example, for future wireless communication technologies, research is underway to use the location of the user terminal (User Equipment (UE)) to determine the transmit and receive beams in the UE.

[0009] However, research on the specific content of such beam determination has not progressed. If it is not properly regulated, it will be impossible to achieve appropriate overhead reduction / high-precision channel estimation / efficient resource utilization, and there is a concern that the improvement of communication throughput / communication quality will be suppressed.

[0010] Therefore, one of the objects of the present disclosure is to provide a terminal, a wireless communication method, and a base station that can achieve appropriate overhead reduction / channel estimation / resource utilization.

[0011] Means for solving problems

[0012] A terminal involved in one embodiment of the present disclosure comprises: a sending unit that sends location information of the terminal; a receiving unit that receives at least one of first information related to an arrival angle of a signal in the terminal based on the location information, and second information related to a transmission angle of a signal in the terminal based on the location information; and a control unit that performs at least one of the following: determining a receiving beam of a downlink signal based on the first information, and determining a transmitting beam of an uplink signal based on the second information.

[0013] Effects of the Invention

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, appropriate overhead reduction / channel estimation / resource utilization can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing an example of a method for indicating a beam (TCI state) for PDSCH / PDCCH in Rel.15 / 16.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing an example of a method of setting parameters indicating AoA / AoD according to option 1-1-1-1.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing an example of application of AoA according to option 1-1-3.

[0018] Figure 4This is a diagram showing an example of a direction grid indicating information related to AoA / AoD according to option 1-2.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing an example of a schematic configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment.

[0020] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a base station according to an embodiment.

[0021] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment.

[0022] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a base station and a user terminal according to an embodiment.

[0023] Fig. 9 This is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] (TCI, spatial relationship, QCL)

[0025] In NR, research is being conducted on controlling the reception processing (e.g., at least one of reception, demapping, demodulation, and decoding) and transmission processing (e.g., at least one of transmission, mapping, precoding, modulation, and coding) of a signal and at least one of a channel (expressed as signal / channel) in the UE based on the transmission configuration indication state (Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI state)).

[0026] The TCI state may also represent the TCI state applied to the downlink signal / channel. The TCI state equivalent to the TCI state applied to the uplink signal / channel may also be expressed as a spatial relation.

[0027] The TCI state refers to information related to Quasi-Co-Location (QCL) of signals / channels, and may also be referred to as spatial reception parameters, spatial relationship information, etc. The TCI state may also be set for each channel or each signal to the UE.

[0028] QCL refers to an indicator that indicates the statistical properties of a signal / channel. For example, when a certain signal / channel is in a QCL relationship with other signals / channels, it can also mean that it can be assumed that at least one of Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, and spatial parameter (e.g., spatial Rx parameter) is the same between these different multiple signals / channels (in a QCL relationship with respect to at least one of these).

[0029] In addition, the spatial reception parameter may correspond to the reception beam of the UE (eg, reception simulation beam), or may determine the beam based on the spatial QCL. The QCL (or at least one element of the QCL) in the present disclosure may also be rewritten as sQCL (spatial QCL).

[0030] QCL may also be specified in multiple types (QCL types). For example, four QCL types AD may be set that can assume the same parameters (or parameter sets) but are different. The parameters (also referred to as QCL parameters) are shown below:

[0031] QCL Type A (QCL-A): Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, and delay spread;

[0032] QCL type B (QCL-B): Doppler shift and Doppler spread;

[0033] QCL type C (QCL-C): Doppler shift and average delay;

[0034] QCL type D (QCL-D): spatial reception parameters.

[0035] The UE assumes that a certain control resource set (CORESET), channel or reference signal is in a specific QCL (e.g., QCL type D) relationship with other CORESETs, channels or reference signals. This situation can also be called QCL assumption.

[0036] The UE may also determine at least one of the transmit beam (Tx beam) and receive beam (Rx beam) of the signal / channel based on the TCI status or QCL assumption of the signal / channel.

[0037] The TCI state may be, for example, information related to the QCL between the channel as the object (in other words, the reference signal (RS) used for the channel) and another signal (for example, another RS). The TCL state may also be set (indicated) by high-layer signaling, physical layer signaling, or a combination thereof.

[0038] The physical layer signaling may be, for example, downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI))).

[0039] The channel for which the TCI state or spatial relationship is set (specified) may be, for example, at least one of a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), and an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)).

[0040] In addition, the RS that is in a QCL relationship with the channel may be, for example, at least one of a synchronization signal block (SynchronizationSignal Block (SSB)), a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS)), a measurement reference signal (Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)), a tracking CSI-RS (also called a tracking reference signal (TRS)), and a QCL detection reference signal (also called QRS).

[0041] The SSB is a signal block including at least one of a primary synchronization signal (Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS)), a secondary synchronization signal (Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS)), and a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)). The SSB may also be referred to as an SS / PBCH block.

[0042] The RS of QCL type X in the TCI state may also mean an RS that is in a QCL type X relationship with a certain channel / signal (DMRS), and the RS may also be referred to as a QCL source of QCL type X in the TCI state.

[0043] For the beams for PDSCH / PDCCH in Rel.15 / 16, the TCI status indication can also be used (refer to Figure 1 ).

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, for the UE, L TCI states (including a pool / list of TCI states of L TCI states) are set using RRC. The maximum value of L may be 128.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, for PDCCH, RRC is used to set K TCI states for each CORESET from the TCI state pool. The maximum value of K can also be 64. In the case of K>1, the UE uses MAC CE to activate / indicate one TCI state for each CORESET.

[0046] like Figure 1 As shown, for PDSCH, M TCI states are activated from the pool of TCI states using MAC CE. The maximum value of M can also be 8. When an RRC parameter indicating that a TCI field is included in DCI is set for the UE (e.g., tci-presentInDCI), the UE is instructed to use a TCI applied to PDSCH using the TCI field included in the DCI.

[0047] (Application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology for wireless communications)

[0048] For future wireless communication technologies, research is underway to fully utilize AI technologies such as machine learning (ML) for network / device control and management.

[0049] Fingerprinting localization, which uses the propagation characteristics of wireless signals to estimate the location of wireless devices, is being widely used in both Line Of Sight (LOS) and Non-Line Of Sight (NLOS) scenarios.

[0050] In the present disclosure, LOS may also mean that the UE and the base station are in an environment where they can see each other (or there are no obstructions), and NLOS may also mean that the UE and the base station are not in an environment where they can see each other (or there are obstructions).

[0051] In fingerprint positioning, the location of the UE is estimated based on a database / AI model according to the fingerprints of multiple transmission paths (multipaths) of the UE.

[0052] Conversely, using this method, research is underway to build / learn a database / AI model for estimating information on multiple paths based on the location of the UE.

[0053] The multipath information may be, for example, information related to the angle of arrival (Angle of Arrival (AoA)) / angle of departure (Angle of Departure (AoD)) of the signal in the optimal / candidate transmission path.

[0054] In addition, in the present disclosure, information related to AoA may include, for example, information related to at least one of azimuth angles of arrival and zenith angles of arrival. In addition, information related to AoD may include, for example, information related to at least one of azimuth angles of departure and zenith angles of departure.

[0055] It can be considered that by using such AoA / AoD of the optimal transmission path, it is possible to determine the beam sent by the base station (network, gNB) (also called Tx beam) and the beam received by the UE (Rx beam) without beam scanning.

[0056] In NR, the quality of the communication link between the base station and the UE is ultimately determined by the selection of the Tx beam (in the base station) and the Rx beam (in the terminal) (also referred to as a pair of beams). The UE identifies which Rx beam to use based on the beam indication. In DL transmission, in order to decide the receive beam for receiving DL data, the UE relies on the beam indication from the base station.

[0057] The optimal Tx beams for different Rx beams may also be different, and the optimal Rx beams for different Tx beams may also be different.

[0058] The selection / determination of the Rx beam is transparent in the base station. Essentially, which Rx beam is the best should be determined based on the AoA of the signal as seen by the UE. However, in the existing specifications, the selection / determination of the Rx beam is transparent to the base station, and in order for the UE to measure / select ( / determine) the Rx beam itself, the base station needs to repeatedly transmit using the same Tx beam.

[0059] The base station indicates to the UE the Tx beam (of the base station) used for signal transmission using the TCI state, and the UE receives the signal using the Rx beam paired with the indicated beam.

[0060] In an environment using millimeter waves (mmW), base stations and UEs need to support a large number of Tx beams and Rx beams. In order to support the selection / determination of the best beam pair, there is a concern that the overhead of the beam measurement signal and the power consumption of the UE will increase. If M Tx beams and N Rx beams are assumed, a total of M×N measurements are required for the selection / determination of the best beam pair.

[0061] Even in a case where only the best Rx beam changes and the best Tx beam does not change (for example, when the UE rotates), it can be considered that a reference signal (RS) for maintaining the beam is required to avoid beam failure.

[0062] By making full use of AI, there is a possibility that the base station can predict the AoA of the signal on the UE side. By notifying the UE of information related to the AoA of the signal, it can be considered that the UE can determine the Rx beam (without performing beam scanning on the Rx side), which can reduce the signal overhead used for beam measurement.

[0063] However, there is insufficient research on the method of determining the beam using AoA / AoD. If this research is insufficient, it will be impossible to achieve appropriate overhead reduction / high-precision channel estimation / efficient resource utilization, and there is a concern that the improvement of communication throughput / communication quality will be suppressed.

[0064] Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have conceived a control method suitable for beam determination using information related to AoA / AoD. In addition, each embodiment of the present disclosure can also be applied to a case where AI / prediction is not used.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present disclosure, a terminal (user terminal, user equipment (UE)) / base station (Base Station (BS)) trains an ML model in a training mode and implements the ML model in a test mode (also referred to as test mode, testing mode, etc.). In the test mode, the accuracy of the ML model trained in the training mode can also be verified (validation).

[0066] In the present disclosure, UE / BS may also input channel state information, reference signal measurement values, etc. into the ML model, and output high-precision channel state information / measurement values / beam selection / position, future channel state information / radio link quality, etc.

[0067] In addition, in the present disclosure, AI can also be rewritten as an object (also referred to as an object, object, data, function, program, etc.) having (implementing) at least one of the following characteristics:

[0068] estimates based on observed or collected information,

[0069] · Selection based on observed or collected information,

[0070] Predictions based on observed or collected information.

[0071] In the present disclosure, the object may be, for example, a device such as a terminal or a base station, or a device, etc. In addition, the object may also be equivalent to a program included in the device.

[0072] In addition, in the present disclosure, the ML model may also be rewritten as an object having (implementing) at least one of the following features:

[0073] Generate an estimate by giving information (feeding),

[0074] By giving information, predicting the estimated value,

[0075] ·By giving information, discovering characteristics,

[0076] · By giving information, choose the action.

[0077] In addition, in the present disclosure, the ML model may also be rewritten as at least one of a model, an AI model, predictive analytics, a predictive analytics model, etc. In addition, the ML model may also be derived using at least one of regression analysis (e.g., linear regression analysis, multivariate regression analysis, logistic regression analysis), support vector machine, random forest, neural network, deep learning, etc. In the present disclosure, the model may also be rewritten as at least one of an encoder, a decoder, a tool, etc.

[0078] The ML model outputs at least one piece of information such as an estimated value, a predicted value, a selected operation, a classification, etc. based on the input information.

[0079] ML models can also include supervised learning, unsupervised learning, reinforcement learning, etc. Supervised learning can also be used to learn general rules for mapping inputs to outputs. Unsupervised learning can also be used to learn the characteristics of data. Reinforcement learning can also be used to learn operations for maximizing a goal.

[0080] The embodiments described below are mainly described with the assumption that supervised learning is used for the ML model, but are not limited to this.

[0081] In the present disclosure, implementation, operation, operation, execution, etc. may also be replaced by each other. In addition, in the present disclosure, testing, after-training, formal utilization, actual utilization, etc. may also be replaced by each other. Signal may also be replaced by signal / channel.

[0082] In the present disclosure, the training mode may also correspond to a mode in which the UE / BS transmits / receives signals for the ML model (in other words, an operation mode during training). In the present disclosure, the test mode may also correspond to a mode in which the UE / BS implements the ML model (e.g., implements a trained ML model and predicts an output) (in other words, an operation mode during testing).

[0083] In the present disclosure, the training mode may also mean a mode in which, for a specific signal to be transmitted in a test mode, the specific signal having a large overhead (eg, a large amount of resources) is transmitted.

[0084] In the present disclosure, the training mode may also mean a mode with reference to a first setting (e.g., a first DMRS setting, a first CSI-RS setting). In the present disclosure, the test mode may also mean a mode with reference to a second setting different from the first setting (e.g., a second DMRS setting, a second CSI-RS setting). Compared with the second setting, at least one of the time resources, frequency resources, code resources, and ports (antenna ports) related to the measurement of the first setting may also be set more.

[0085] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The wireless communication methods according to the embodiments may be applied individually or in combination.

[0086] In the following embodiments, since the ML model related to the communication between UE and BS is described, the associated subjects are UE and BS, but the application of the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to this. For example, for communication between other subjects (for example, communication between UE-UE), the UE and BS in the following embodiments can also be rewritten as the first UE and the second UE. In other words, the UE, BS, etc. of the present disclosure can be rewritten as any UE / BS.

[0087] In the present disclosure, "A / B" and "at least one of A and B" may be replaced with each other. In addition, in the present disclosure, "A / B / C" may also mean "at least one of A, B, and C".

[0088] In the present disclosure, activate, deactivate, indicate (or specify), select, configure, update, determine, etc. may also be mutually rewritten. In the present disclosure, support, control, controllable, operate, and operate may also be mutually rewritten.

[0089] In the present disclosure, Radio Resource Control (RRC), RRC parameters, RRC messages, high-layer parameters, fields, Information Element (IE), settings, etc. may also be mutually overwritten. In the present disclosure, Medium Access Control (MAC) Control Element (CE), update commands, activation / deactivation commands, etc. may also be mutually overwritten.

[0090] In the present disclosure, the high-layer signaling may be, for example, any one of Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling, broadcast information, etc., or a combination thereof.

[0091] In the present disclosure, MAC signaling may also use, for example, MAC Control Element (MACCE), MAC Protocol Data Unit (PDU), etc. Broadcast information may also be, for example, Master Information Block (MIB), System Information Block (SIB), minimum system information (Remaining Minimum System Information (RMSI)), Other System Information (Other System Information (OSI)), etc.

[0092] In the present disclosure, the physical layer signaling may be, for example, downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)), uplink control information (Uplink Control Information (UCI)), etc.

[0093] In the present disclosure, index, identifier (ID), indicator, resource ID, etc. may also be mutually overwritten. In the present disclosure, sequence, list, set, group, group, cluster, subset, etc. may also be mutually overwritten.

[0094] In the present disclosure, a panel, a UE panel, a panel group, an antenna group, a UE capability value, a UE capability value set, a specific (pool) index included in a PUSCH setting, a specific (pool) index included in a PUCCH setting, a specific (pool) index included in an SRS setting, a beam, a beam group, a precoder, an uplink (UL) transmitting entity, a transmission / reception point (TRP), a base station, spatial relationship information (Spatial Relation Information (SRI)), a spatial relationship, an SRS resource indicator (SRS Resource Indicator (SRI)), a control resource set (COntrol REsource SET (CORESET)), a physical downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)), a codeword (Codeword (CW)), a transport block (Transport Block (TB)), a reference signal (Reference Signal (RS)), an antenna port (e.g., a demodulation reference signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DeModulation Reference Signal ( The UE capability value set may also overwrite each other. The UE capability value set may also include, for example, the maximum number of SRS ports supported.

[0095] In the following implementations, the angle of arrival of the signal in the UE, the AoA in the UE, the AoA, and the AoA in the base station may also be overwritten. In the present disclosure, the angle at which the signal is transmitted in the UE, the AoD in the UE, and the AoD in the base station may also be overwritten. In the present disclosure, the AoA and AoD may also be overwritten. In the present disclosure, the UE and the base station may also be overwritten.

[0096] In the present disclosure, signals, channels, reference signals, channels / signals / RS may also be rewritten with each other. In the present disclosure, DL channels / signals may also be at least one of Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH), Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS), DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS), Positioning Reference Signal (PRS), and Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS). In the present disclosure, the UL channel / signal may also be at least one of a physical uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)), a physical uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)), a sounding reference signal (Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)), and a demodulation reference signal (DMRS).

[0097] In the present disclosure, timing, moment, time, time instance, time slot, sub-slot, codeword, subframe, etc. can also be rewritten to each other.

[0098] In the present disclosure, estimation, prediction, and inference may be replaced with each other. In addition, in the present disclosure, estimation, prediction, and inference may be replaced with each other.

[0099] The various embodiments / modes / options / alternatives of the present disclosure may also be used based on at least one of the following conditions:

[0100] (Explicit) Setting of corresponding high-level parameters.

[0101] · (implicitly) associated higher-level parameter settings.

[0102] ·Indication of (fields included in) MAC CE / DCI.

[0103] · (Reported) UE Capability.

[0104] ·Regulations within the specification.

[0105] ·Specific conditions specified in the specification.

[0106] • Setting / indication based on at least one of higher layer parameters, MAC CE, DCI, and (reported) UE capabilities.

[0107] Each embodiment, mode, option, and modification of the present disclosure may be used alone or in combination.

[0108] (Wireless Communication Method)

[0109] <Zeroth Implementation Method>

[0110] The base station may also notify the UE of information related to AoA / AoD.

[0111] The UE may also determine the (optimal) Rx beam based on the AoA-related information notified from the base station.

[0112] The UE may also determine the (optimal) Tx beam based on the information related to the AoD (in the UE) notified from the base station.

[0113] The UE may also determine at least one of an Rx beam for receiving a DL signal and a Tx beam for transmitting a UL signal according to the following steps #0 to #4.

[0114] [STEP #0]

[0115] The base station may also receive / acquire information related to the location of the UE.

[0116] The UE may also send / report information related to the UE's location.

[0117] For example, the information related to the location of the UE may also be information determined based on the location of the UE specified in the specification. The information related to the location of the UE may also be information related to the location of the UE based on a reference signal (eg, PRS / SRS).

[0118] In addition, for example, the information related to the location of the UE may be information related to the location of the UE based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) / Global Positioning System (GPS).

[0119] [Step #1]

[0120] The base station may also estimate the transmission path of the signal based on information related to the location of the UE.

[0121] This transmission path may also be a transmission path having the best (highest) signal reception power / reception quality (eg, RSRP / RSRQ / SINR) in the UE.

[0122] The transmission path can also be expressed using AoA / AoD.

[0123] The base station may also determine the Tx beam (in the base station) based on the AoD (which may also be the AoD in the base station).

[0124] The UE may also determine the Rx beam (in the UE) based on the AoA (which may also be the AoA in the UE). The UE may also determine the Tx beam (in the UE) based on the AoD (which may also be the AoD in the UE).

[0125] The estimation of the transmission path in the base station can also be performed in the AI ​​model / database in the base station.

[0126] [STEP #2]

[0127] The base station may also send / notify the UE of the estimated information related to the AoA / AoD.

[0128] The information related to AoA may also be information related to AoA for DL ​​reception. The information related to AoD may also be information related to AoD (in UE) for UL transmission.

[0129] [Step #3]

[0130] The UE may also determine at least one of an Rx beam for receiving a DL signal and a Tx beam for sending a UL signal based on the information related to AoA / AoD.

[0131] <First Embodiment>

[0132] In the first embodiment, a method of notifying information related to AoA / AoD will be described.

[0133] The UE may also receive information related to AoA / AoD represented by specific information.

[0134] The specific information may be, for example, at least one of the following options 1-1 and 1-2. The UE / base station may use the following options 1-1 and 1-2 in combination.

[0135] 《Option 1-1》

[0136] The information related to AoA / AoD may be expressed based on a value obtained by quantifying / quantifying a specific angle.

[0137] The specific angle can also be expressed by an angle in a global coordinate system (GCS) / local coordinate system (LCS). GCS can also be defined for a system including multiple base stations and multiple UEs. In addition, in LCS, an array antenna for a base station or a UE can also be defined. LCS can also be used as a reference for defining the vector far-field of each antenna element in the array. The vector far field is a pattern and polarization. The configuration of the array within the GCS can also be defined by the transformation between GCS and LCS. GCS / LCS can also be derived, for example, based on definitions and transformation formulas (specified in the specifications) that can be recognized by those skilled in the art.

[0138] The specific angle may also be a combination of the first angle and the second angle. For example, the first angle may be a horizontal angle, and the second angle may be a vertical angle.

[0139] The GCS / LCS may be pre-defined or may be notified to the UE using higher layer signaling / DCI.

[0140] The UE may also determine the reference of the notified angle based on the GCS / LCS. The UE may also determine the first axis of the three axes constituting the GCS / LCS as the reference of the first angle and the second axis as the reference of the second angle.

[0141] In the case of GCS, each of the three axes constituting the GCS may be determined as a specific direction. For example, in the case of GCS, each of the three axes constituting the GCS may be a specific orientation (eg, north direction / east direction / upward (vertical) direction).

[0142] The first angle / second angle may also be expressed using a specific range / granularity.

[0143] The specific range may be, for example, a range from the first value to the second value. For example, the first value may be 0° and the second value may be 180°. In addition, for example, the first value may be 0° and the second value may be 360°. In addition, for example, the first value may be -θ° (θ is an arbitrary integer) and the second value may be θ°.

[0144] The specific particle size may be, for example, a unit of 1° or a unit of 10°, or may be a size of any angle.

[0145] In addition, the angle unit shown in the present disclosure is mainly described using degree as an example, but the angle unit is not limited thereto. For example, the angle unit may also be radian.

[0146] As an example, the first angle and the second angle ((first angle, second angle)) may be expressed as (65 (degrees (degree), °), 80 (degrees (degree), °)).

[0147] [Option 1-1-1]

[0148] The UE may also receive information related to AoA / AoD according to at least one of the following options 1-1-1-1 to 1-1-1-3. The UE / base station may also use at least two of the following options 1-1-1-1 to 1-1-1-3 in combination.

[0149] (Option 1-1-1-1)

[0150] The UE may also use RRC signaling (RRC parameters) to receive information related to AoA / AoD.

[0151] The RRC parameter may also be a parameter indicating AoA / AoD.

[0152] The parameter indicating AoA / AoD may be included in the parameters related to the configuration of the cell, or may be included in the parameters for configuring the DL / UL channel / signal.

[0153] The parameter indicating AoA / AoD may also be included in at least one of the following: a parameter for setting the TCI state (TCI-State), a parameter for setting QCL information (QCL-Info), and a parameter related to the setting of the cell. In order to notify the parameter indicating AoA / AoD, at least one of the parameter for setting the TCI state (TCI-State), the parameter for setting QCL information (QCL-Info), and the parameter related to the setting of the cell in the existing specification (Rel.15-17) may be extended.

[0154] The parameter indicating the AoA / AoD may also include at least one of information indicating the type of the AoA / AoD, information indicating the first angle of the AoA / AoD, and information indicating the second angle of the AoA / AoD.

[0155] The information indicating the type of AoA / AoD may indicate, for example, either GCS or LCS. The information indicating the first angle of AoA / AoD may indicate, for example, the horizontal angle of AoA / AoD. The information indicating the second angle of AoA / AoD may indicate, for example, the vertical angle of AoA / AoD.

[0156] Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a method for setting parameters representing AoA / AoD according to option 1-1-1-1. Figure 2 In the present invention, for the UE, the parameters representing AoA are set using RRC signaling.

[0157] exist Figure 2 In the example shown, the parameters for setting the TCI state include a parameter indicating AoA. Figure 2 In the example shown, as parameters indicating AoA, information indicating the type of AoA / AoD (AoA type), information indicating the first angle of AoA / AoD (AoA Horizontal), and information indicating the second angle of AoA / AoD (AoA Vertical) are included.

[0158] (Option 1-1-1-2)

[0159] The UE may also use MAC CE to receive information related to AoA / AoD.

[0160] The MAC CE notifying information related to AoA / AoD may include a new LCID (Logical Channel ID) (defined in Rel. 18 and later) in the MAC subheader of the MAC protocol data unit (PDU) including the MAC CE.

[0161] For the MAC CE notifying information related to AoA / AoD, the existing MAC CE (specified in Rel.15 / 16 / 17) may be used. For the MAC CE notifying information related to AoA / AoD, an octet / field containing information related to AoA / AoD may be added to the existing MAC CE.

[0162] (Option 1-1-1-3)

[0163] The UE may also use DCI to receive information related to AoA / AoD.

[0164] The DCI may also include a field indicating AoA / AoD.

[0165] The UE may also determine AoA / AoD based on the value of the field indicating AoA / AoD.

[0166] For example, the UE may determine AoA / AoD based on the AoA / AoD configured by the RRC parameters described in Option 1-1-1-1 above, using the value of the field indicating AoA / AoD.

[0167] The field indicating AoA / AoD may be a field newly defined (after Rel. 18). When this field is included in DCI, the UE may ignore a specific field (for example, TCI field) in DCI.

[0168] The field indicating AoA / AoD may also be a TCI field. The UE may also receive (using higher layer (RRC) signaling) an association between TCI status / QCL information and information related to AoA / AoD. The UE may also determine AoA / AoD based on the information related to AoA / AoD associated with the TCI status of the indicated TCI field.

[0169] The field indicating AoD may also be an SRI field. The UE may also receive (using high-layer (RRC) signaling) an association between at least one of an SRS resource and spatial relationship information corresponding to the SRS and information related to AoA / AoD. The UE may also determine AoA / AoD based on the information related to AoA / AoD associated with the SRS resource / spatial relationship of the indicated SRI field.

[0170] [Option 1-1-2]

[0171] The base station may also notify the UE of information related to the AoA / AoD candidates corresponding to the transmission path. The base station may also notify the UE of a plurality of such information.

[0172] This information may also be notified to the UE using the method described in option 1-1-1 above.

[0173] The UE may also decide / select one or more AoA / AoD from the multiple information based on measurements in the UE.

[0174] According to option 1-2, in the case of NLOS, even when sudden congestion (blocking) or the like occurs, the quality of communication can be maintained.

[0175] [Option 1-1-3]

[0176] The AoA / AoD may also be associated with a timing offset related to the application of the AoA / AoD.

[0177] The base station may also notify / indicate to the UE a plurality of AoAs / AoDs associated with different timing offsets.

[0178] The UE may also apply / set corresponding Rx beams (over time) based on the multiple timing offsets that have been notified / indicated.

[0179] The timing offset may represent the period from a specific timing (for example, reception of an indication related to AoA / AoD, transmission of a confirmation (which may be higher layer signaling or HARQ-ACK) of the reception of the indication, etc.) to application of the AoA / AoD.

[0180] Among the plurality of timing offsets corresponding to AoA / AoD, the timing offset corresponding to the first AoA / AoD may also indicate the period from the reception of the instruction related to the AoA / AoD to the application of the first AoA / AoD. Among the plurality of timing offsets corresponding to AoA / AoD, the timing offset corresponding to the nth (n is an integer greater than or equal to 2) AoA / AoD may also indicate the period from the timing of the application of the n-1th AoA / AoD to the application of the nth AoA / AoD.

[0181] Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of application of AoA involved in option 1-1-3. Figure 3 In the example shown, the UE receives indications related to AoA#1 and AoA#2. Figure 3 , an example related to AoA is described, but it can also be applied to actions related to AoD.

[0182] exist Figure 3 In the example shown, AoA#1 and AoA#2 are associated with time offset #1 and time offset #2, respectively. From the reception of the indication (the last symbol of the resource) to the timing after time offset #1, the UE can also determine that the Rx beam using AoA#1 is applied during the period thereafter. In addition, from the application of AoA#1 to the timing of time offset #2, the UE can also determine that the Rx beam using AoA#2 is applied during the period thereafter.

[0183] According to the above option 1-1, by notifying information related to the angle, it is possible to determine the Rx / Tx beam used by the UE.

[0184] 《Option 1-2》

[0185] The information related to AoA / AoD may also be represented based on information related to a direction grid.

[0186] The information related to the directional grid may be pre-defined in the specification, or may be set to the UE using high-layer signaling.

[0187] The geometric / geographical space can also be divided into grids according to a specific granularity / range. Different indices can also be assigned to each grid.

[0188] The direction grid may also be constructed based on a predefined mathematical formula using predefined / set parameters.

[0189] One grid may also correspond to information related to angles in the horizontal direction and information related to angles in the vertical direction.

[0190] Each grid may be associated with either the GCS or the LCS. When there is no association with the GCS or the LCS in the grid, the UE may assume / determine that the grid is associated with the GCS.

[0191] The specific particle size / range may also be pre-defined / set.

[0192] [Option 1-2-1]

[0193] The base station may also notify / set information related to the specific granularity / range in the direction grid to the UE.

[0194] The notification / indication may also be performed using higher layer signaling (eg, RRC).

[0195] The granularity may also indicate how many grids the space is divided into in the horizontal direction / vertical direction. The granularity may also indicate the distance between the grids in the horizontal direction / vertical direction of the space (i.e., the number of divisions). The distance between the grids in the horizontal direction / vertical direction of the space may be expressed as an angle or as a phase difference between antennas (in the horizontal direction / vertical direction).

[0196] The range may also represent the length of the boundary (range) of the direction grid in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction.

[0197] Figure 4 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a direction grid showing information related to AoA / AoD according to Option 1-2. Figure 4 In the example shown, the geometric space is divided into specific granularities / ranges. Figure 4 In the example shown, the space is divided into granularities of 1° horizontally and 1° vertically. Figure 4 In the example shown, the direction grid ranges from 0 (°) to 180 (°). Each grid is assigned an index.

[0198] In such Figure 4 In the example shown, the UE is indicated with the index of the direction grid. The UE determines the corresponding horizontal angle and vertical angle in the direction grid corresponding to the indicated index. The UE uses the determined angle as AoA / AoD.

[0199] Additionally, the granularity / range of the direction grid is not limited to Figure 4 The example shown. The granularity of the direction grid may be, for example, any size. The range of the direction grid may be, for example, a range from a value less than 0 to a value greater than 180.

[0200] [Option 1-2-2]

[0201] The UE may also receive information related to AoA / AoD (information related to the index of the grid) according to at least one of the following options 1-2-2-1 to 1-2-2-3. The UE / base station may also use at least two of the following options 1-2-2-1 to 1-2-2-3 in combination.

[0202] (Option 1-2-2-1)

[0203] The UE may also use RRC signaling (RRC parameters) to receive information related to AoA / AoD.

[0204] The RRC parameter may be a parameter indicating an index (grid index) associated with AoA / AoD.

[0205] This parameter may be included in the parameters related to the cell configuration or in the parameters for configuring the DL / UL channel / signal.

[0206] The parameter may also be included in at least one of a parameter for setting a TCI state (TCI-State), a parameter for setting QCL information (QCL-Info), and a parameter related to the setting of a cell. In order to notify the parameter, at least one of a parameter for setting a TCI state (TCI-State), a parameter for setting QCL information (QCL-Info), and a parameter related to the setting of a cell in the existing specification (Rel.15-17) may be extended.

[0207] This parameter may also be associated with either the GCS or the LCS. When there is no association with the GCS or the LCS in this parameter, the UE may also assume / determine that the parameter is associated with the GCS.

[0208] (Option 1-2-2-2)

[0209] The UE may also use MAC CE to receive AoA / AoD related information (grid index).

[0210] The MAC CE notifying information (grid index) related to AoA / AoD may include a new LCID (Logical Channel ID) (defined in Rel. 18 and later) in the MAC subheader of the MAC protocol data unit (PDU) including the MAC CE.

[0211] Regarding the MAC CE for notifying information related to AoA / AoD (grid index), the existing MAC CE (specified in Rel.15 / 16 / 17) may be used. Regarding the MAC CE for notifying information related to AoA / AoD, an octet / field including information related to AoA / AoD may be added to the existing MAC CE.

[0212] (Option 1-2-2-3)

[0213] The UE may also use DCI to receive information related to AoA / AoD (grid index).

[0214] The DCI may also include a field for indicating the index of the grid.

[0215] The UE may also determine AoA / AoD based on the value of the field indicating the index of the grid.

[0216] For example, the UE may determine AoA / AoD using the value of the field indicating the index of the grid based on the parameter configured by the RRC parameter described in the above option 1-2-2-1.

[0217] The field indicating the grid index may also be a field newly defined (after Rel. 18). When this field is included in the DCI, the UE may ignore a specific field (for example, the TCI field) in the DCI.

[0218] The field indicating the index of the grid may also be a TCI field. The UE may also receive (using higher layer (RRC) signaling) an association between TCI status / QCL information and information related to the index of the grid. The UE may also determine AoA / AoD based on information related to the index of the grid associated with the TCI status of the indicated TCI field.

[0219] The field indicating AoD may also be an SRI field. The UE may also receive (using high-layer (RRC) signaling) an association between an SRS resource and at least one of the spatial relationship information corresponding to the SRS and information related to the index of the grid. The UE may also determine AoA / AoD based on the information related to the index of the grid associated with the SRS resource / spatial relationship of the indicated SRI field.

[0220] [Option 1-2-3]

[0221] The base station may also notify the UE of information related to the AoA / AoD candidates corresponding to the transmission path (information related to the index of the grid). The base station may also notify the UE of a plurality of such information.

[0222] This information may also be notified to the UE using the method described in option 1-2-1 above.

[0223] The UE may also determine / select the index of one or more grids (AoA / AoD) based on the multiple information based on the measurements in the UE.

[0224] According to option 1-2-3, in the case of NLOS, even when sudden congestion (blocking) or the like occurs, the quality of communication can be maintained.

[0225] [Option 1-2-4]

[0226] A grid (AoA / AoD) may also be associated with a timing offset for the application with respect to that AoA / AoD.

[0227] The base station may also notify / indicate to the UE the indices of a plurality of grids associated with different timing offsets.

[0228] The UE may also apply / set corresponding Rx beams (over time) based on the multiple timing offsets that have been notified / indicated.

[0229] The timing offset may indicate a period from when an instruction regarding the index of a grid (AoA / AoD) is received to when the AoA / AoD corresponding to the index of the grid is applied.

[0230] The timing offset may also represent the period from a specific timing (for example, the reception of an indication related to a grid index (AoA / AoD), the sending of a confirmation (which may be either high-layer signaling or HARQ-ACK) of the reception of the indication, etc.) to the application of the AoA / AoD.

[0231] Among the plurality of timing offsets corresponding to the index of the grid, the timing offset corresponding to the index of the first grid may also represent the period from receiving the indication related to the index of the grid to applying the AoA / AoD corresponding to the index of the first grid. Among the plurality of timing offsets corresponding to the index of the grid, the timing offset corresponding to the AoA / AoD corresponding to the index of the nth (n is an integer greater than or equal to 2) grid may also represent the period from the timing of applying the AoA / AoD corresponding to the index of the n-1th grid to applying the AoA / AoD corresponding to the index of the nth grid.

[0232] According to the above option 1-2, by notifying information related to the angle using the index of the grid, it is possible to determine the Rx / Tx beam used by the UE.

[0233] According to the above first embodiment, it is possible to appropriately determine the Rx beam / Tx beam used by the UE.

[0234] <Second Embodiment>

[0235] In the second embodiment, a method for determining a beam of a UE based on an instruction from a base station is described.

[0236] The UE may also determine / judge at least one of the Rx beam for receiving DL signals and the Tx beam for UL transmission based on settings / instructions from the base station (for example, the information related to AoA / AoD described in the first embodiment).

[0237] The UE may also determine the Rx beam / Tx beam according to at least one of the following options 2-1 to 2-5.

[0238] 《Option 2-1》

[0239] When the indicated AoA / AoD is based on GCS, the UE may convert the AoA / AoD into a value based on LCS.

[0240] The UE may also determine a (proper) Rx beam / Tx beam consistent with the indicated direction.

[0241] The UE may also determine / decide the change in direction based on information related to a specific sensor.

[0242] The UE may also identify the Rx beam (also referred to as an Rx beam square pattern) / Tx beam (also referred to as a Tx beam pattern) in the determined / converted AoA / AoD. At this time, the base station may not identify the Rx beam / Tx beam identified by the UE.

[0243] Option 2-2

[0244] The UE may also send / report feedback information regarding the settings / indications related to the UE's beam to the base station.

[0245] The feedback information may also be sent using UCI, for example. The UE may also send the feedback information using UCI (eg, HARQ-ACK information / CSI report).

[0246] When a plurality of pieces of information related to AoA / AoD are indicated from the base station to the UE, the UE may report one or more selected / determined AoA / AoDs to the base station.

[0247] 《Option 2-3》

[0248] The UE may also send / feed back a request for measurement in the indicated beam / direction to the base station.

[0249] As for the measurement, the UE may also perform the measurement for the Rx beam, and the base station may also perform the measurement for the Tx beam. Alternatively, the base station may send information (e.g., trigger information) for causing the UE to perform the measurement to the UE, wherein the measurement is a measurement for the requested beam / direction, and the UE performs the above measurement. Alternatively, the base station may send information (e.g., trigger information) for causing the UE to perform the transmission to the UE, wherein the transmission is a transmission for the requested beam / direction, the UE performs the above transmission, and the above base station performs the above measurement.

[0250] The feedback may also be sent using UCI, for example. The UE may also send the feedback using UCI (eg, HARQ-ACK information / CSI report).

[0251] When a plurality of pieces of information related to AoA / AoD are indicated from the base station to the UE, the UE may report one or more selected / determined AoA / AoDs to the base station.

[0252] When the measurement result related to the request is lower than a specific threshold, the UE may also send a request to the base station for switching / falling back to beam indication using TCI state / QCL information (or beam decision using beam scanning). To the UE that sends the request, the base station may also send information for deactivating beam decision based on AoA / AoD (or for activating beam decision using beam scanning).

[0253] According to this method, even if the beam quality in the beam instruction using AoA / AoD is poor, the beam quality can be guaranteed by falling back to the beam determination using beam scanning.

[0254] 《Options 2-4》

[0255] The UE may also send feedback information regarding the indicated Tx beam (beam / direction used for UL transmission) to the base station.

[0256] The feedback information may also be sent using UCI, for example. The UE may also send the feedback information using UCI (eg, HARQ-ACK information / CSI report).

[0257] 《Options 2-5》

[0258] The UE may also determine that at least one of the following is triggered: a report related to the UE's location, and a request for information related to AoA / AoD.

[0259] The UE may also determine that the trigger has been performed when specific conditions are met.

[0260] The specific condition may also be, for example, a condition based on the rotation of the UE. When the UE determines that the UE (itself) has rotated, the UE may also determine to perform at least one of the following: updating the Rx beam / Tx beam, requesting information related to AoA / AoD. When the indicated AoA / AoD corresponds to the GCS, the UE may also determine not to perform at least one of the following: updating the Rx beam / Tx beam, requesting information related to AoA / AoD.

[0261] The UE may also determine the rotation of the UE based on at least one of information based on the sensor and measurement results of a specific DL signal.

[0262] The specific condition may be, for example, a condition based on the movement of the UE. When the UE determines that the UE has moved, the UE may determine to perform at least one of updating the Rx beam / Tx beam and reporting related to the location of the UE.

[0263] The UE may also determine the movement of the UE based on at least one of information based on the sensor and measurement results of a specific DL signal.

[0264] [Option 2-5-1]

[0265] The UE may also periodically send at least one of a report related to the UE's location and a request for information related to AoA / AoD.

[0266] The base station may also configure periodic reports related to the location of the UE for the UE. This configuration may also be performed using higher layer signaling / DCI.

[0267] The UE may also include the reported location information in the PUSCH / PUCCH and send the information based on the content of the reported location information.

[0268] The base station may configure the UE to periodically send a request for information related to AoA / AoD. This configuration may be performed using higher layer signaling / DCI.

[0269] The UE may also use PUCCH / PUSCH / SRS to send a request for information related to AoA / AoD. For example, when the UE uses SRS to send a request for information related to AoA / AoD, the SRS may also be generated / sent by applying scrambling based on the request.

[0270] [Option 2-5-2]

[0271] The UE may also send at least one of a report related to the UE's location and a request for information related to AoA / AoD based on a specific event.

[0272] As for this specific event, it can be specified in the specification in advance, or the condition can be set for the UE using high-layer signaling.

[0273] The specific event may be, for example, the UE's position change exceeding a specific threshold, or at least one of the received signal's reception power / reception quality (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ / SINR / BLER (Block Error Rate)) falling below a specific threshold (requirements).

[0274] The UE may also use PUCCH / PUSCH / SRS to send at least one of a report related to the UE's location and a request for information related to AoA / AoD.

[0275] According to the above second embodiment, it is possible to appropriately determine the Rx beam / Tx beam used by the UE.

[0276] <Third Embodiment>

[0277] In the third embodiment, switching / fallback between beam indication using AoA / AoD and beam indication using TCI status / QCL information is described.

[0278] In the present disclosure, beam indication using AoA / AoD, beam indication using information related to AoA / AoD, and beam indication based on AoA / AoD (AoA / AoD-based beamindication) may also be rewritten mutually.

[0279] In the present disclosure, beam indication using TCI status / QCL information, beam indication using a specific type of QCL (e.g., QCL type D), beam indication based on TCI status / QCL information, beam indication based on QCL type D (QCL-typeD based beamindication), and beam indication based on beam scanning / measurement report may also be overwritten with each other.

[0280] The UE may also support switching / fallback between beam indication using AoA / AoD and beam indication using TCI status / QCL information.

[0281] The UE can also decide to switch / fall back between beam indication using AoA / AoD and beam indication using TCI status / QCL information based on specific conditions.

[0282] The UE may also assume that the fields included in the DCI are changed according to either the case where the beam indication using AoA / AoD is applied or the case where the beam indication using TCI status / QCL information is applied. In addition, the UE may also rewrite specific fields included in the DCI in the case where the beam indication using AoA / AoD is applied (or the case where the beam indication using TCI status / QCL information is applied) and the case where the beam indication using TCI status / QCL information is applied (or the case where the beam indication using AoA / AoD is applied).

[0283] The specific condition may also be whether the UE's location (related information) can be used. For example, whether the UE's location (related information) can be used can also be determined by whether an RRC parameter indicating whether to include common location information (e.g., "includeCommonLocationInfo") is set to "true (or, valid)" for the UE.

[0284] For example, the UE may also determine: when the UE's position can be used, apply the beam indication using AoA / AoD; when the UE's position cannot be applied, apply the beam indication using TCI status / QCL information.

[0285] In addition, the specific condition may also be whether a specific UE capability / base station capability is limited. For example, the UE capability / base station capability may also be a capability related to beam indication using AoA / AoD.

[0286] For example, the UE may also determine: when the UE / base station supports capabilities related to beam indication using AoA / AoD, beam indication using AoA / AoD is applied; when the UE / base station does not support capabilities related to beam indication using AoA / AoD, beam indication using TCI status / QCL information is applied.

[0287] The specific condition may also be based on a situation where the estimation based on AoA / AoD is incorrect. For example, the situation where the estimation based on AoA / AoD is incorrect may be a situation where the received power / received quality (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ / SINR / BLER (Block Error Rate)) of the received signal using the beam using AoA / AoD is lower than a specific threshold (requirement), and at least one of a situation where a beam failure occurs.

[0288] For example, the UE may also determine: when the received signal's received power / reception quality is above a specific threshold, apply beam indication using AoA / AoD; when the received signal's received power / reception quality is less than a specific threshold, apply beam indication using TCI status / QCL information.

[0289] The base station may also notify / set / instruct the UE of information related to the beam indication mode.

[0290] The beam indication mode may be any one of a beam indication mode using AoA / AoD and a beam indication mode using TCI status / QCL information.

[0291] For the UE, information related to the beam indication mode can also be notified / set / indicated using higher-layer signaling (RRC / MAC CE) / DCI.

[0292] The information related to the beam indication mode may also use an RRC parameter. The RRC parameter may also be newly defined (for example, after Rel. 18).

[0293] In addition, the RRC parameter may also be included in any one of the parameters for setting the TCI state (e.g., TCI-State) and the parameters for setting the QCL information (e.g., QCL-Info). In other words, in order to notify the RRC parameter, any one of the parameters for setting the TCI state (e.g., TCI-State) and the parameters for setting the QCL information (e.g., QCL-Info) may also be extended.

[0294] MAC CE may also be used for information related to the beam indication pattern.

[0295] The MAC CE may also include a new LCID (Logical Channel ID) (defined in Rel. 18 and later) in the MAC subheader of the MAC protocol data unit (PDU) including the MAC CE.

[0296] In addition, the existing MAC CE (specified in Rel. 15 / 16 / 17) may be used for this MAC CE. For this MAC CE, an octet / field including information related to the beam indication mode may be added to the existing MAC CE.

[0297] DCI may also be used for information related to the beam indication mode. The DCI may also include a field for indicating the beam indication mode.

[0298] The UE may also use the UL channel (eg, PUSCH / PUCCH) to trigger / report to the base station regarding the switching of the beam indication mode.

[0299] <Other Implementation Methods>

[0300] At least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may also be applied only to UEs that report a specific UE capability or support the specific UE capability.

[0301] The specific UE capability may also represent at least one of the following:

[0302] • Capabilities related to the location of the UE (location information).

[0303] • Capabilities related to the estimation of the direction in which a signal is sent / received.

[0304] • Capabilities related to estimation of at least one of a DL Rx beam and a UL Tx beam.

[0305] The ability to convert AoA / AoD expressed by GCS into LCS according to its direction.

[0306] The maximum number of direction grids supported.

[0307] The above-mentioned UE capabilities can be reported per frequency, per frequency range (for example, frequency range (Frequency Range) 1 (FR1), frequency range (Frequency Range) 2 (FR2), FR2-1, FR2-2), per cell, or per subcarrier spacing (SubCarrier Spacing (SCS)).

[0308] The above UE capabilities may be reported commonly for time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD), or may be reported independently.

[0309] In addition, at least one of the above-mentioned embodiments may also be applied when the UE is set with specific information associated with the above-mentioned embodiments through high-layer signaling. For example, the specific information may also be information indicating activation of the use of the AI ​​model for beam determination, any RRC parameter for a specific version (e.g., Rel.18 / 19), etc.

[0310] According to the above other implementations, the UE can maintain compatibility with existing specifications and implement the above functions.

[0311] (Wireless Communication System)

[0312] Hereinafter, a configuration of a wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. In the wireless communication system, communication is performed using any one of the wireless communication methods according to the above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure or a combination thereof.

[0313] Figure 5 1 is a diagram showing an example of a schematic structure of a wireless communication system involved in one embodiment. The wireless communication system 1 may also be a system that implements communication using Long Term Evolution (LTE) standardized by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the fifth generation mobile communication system New Radio (5G NR), and the like.

[0314] In addition, the wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity (Multi-RAT Dual Connectivity (MR-DC)) between multiple radio access technologies (Radio Access Technology (RAT)). MR-DC can also include dual connectivity between LTE (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA))) and NR (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC))), dual connectivity between NR and LTE (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NR-E-UTRA Dual Connectivity (NE-DC))), etc.

[0315] In EN-DC, the base station (eNB) of LTE (E-UTRA) is the master node (Master Node (MN)), and the base station (gNB) of NR is the secondary node (Secondary Node (SN)). In NE-DC, the base station (gNB) of NR is the MN, and the base station (eNB) of LTE (E-UTRA) is the SN.

[0316] The wireless communication system 1 can also support dual connectivity between multiple base stations within the same RAT (for example, dual connectivity (NR-NR Dual Connectivity (NN-DC)) where both MN and SN are NR base stations (gNB)).

[0317] The wireless communication system 1 may also include a base station 11 that forms a macro cell C1 with a relatively wide coverage, and a base station 12 (12a-12c) that is configured in the macro cell C1 and forms a small cell C2 that is narrower than the macro cell C1. The user terminal 20 may also be located in at least one cell. The configuration and number of each cell and user terminal 20 are not limited to the method shown in the figure. Hereinafter, when the base stations 11 and 12 are not distinguished, they are collectively referred to as base stations 10.

[0318] The user terminal 20 may be connected to at least one of the plurality of base stations 10. The user terminal 20 may use at least one of carrier aggregation (CA) using a plurality of component carriers (CC) and dual connectivity (DC).

[0319] Each CC may also be included in at least one of the first frequency band (Frequency Range 1 (FR1)) and the second frequency band (Frequency Range 2 (FR2)). The macro cell C1 may also be included in FR1, and the small cell C2 may also be included in FR2. For example, FR1 may be a frequency band below 6 GHz (below 6 GHz (sub-6 GHz)), and FR2 may be a frequency band higher than 24 GHz (above-24 GHz). In addition, the frequency bands and definitions of FR1 and FR2 are not limited to these. For example, FR1 may also be equivalent to a frequency band higher than FR2.

[0320] Furthermore, the user terminal 20 may perform communication in each CC using at least one of time division duplex (TDD) and frequency division duplex (FDD).

[0321] Multiple base stations 10 may also be connected via wired (e.g., optical fiber based on Common Public Radio Interface (CPRI)), X2 interface, etc.) or wireless (e.g., NR communication). For example, when NR communication between base stations 11 and 12 is used as a backhaul, the base station 11 equivalent to the upper station may also be referred to as an Integrated Access Backhaul (IAB) donor, and the base station 12 equivalent to a relay station (relay) may also be referred to as an IAB node.

[0322] The base station 10 may also be connected to the core network 30 via other base stations 10 or directly. The core network 30 may also include, for example, at least one of an Evolved Packet Core (EPC), a 5G Core Network (5GCN), a Next Generation Core (NGC), and the like.

[0323] The user terminal 20 may also be a terminal that supports at least one of communication modes such as LTE, LTE-A, and 5G.

[0324] In the wireless communication system 1, a wireless access method based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) may be used. For example, in at least one of the downlink (DL) and the uplink (UL), cyclic prefix OFDM (CP-OFDM), discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM), orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), etc. may be used.

[0325] The radio access scheme may also be referred to as a waveform. In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, other radio access schemes (for example, other single-carrier transmission schemes, other multi-carrier transmission schemes) may be used as the radio access schemes for UL and DL.

[0326] As downlink channels, the wireless communication system 1 may use a downlink shared channel (Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20, a broadcast channel (Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH))), a downlink control channel (Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)), etc.

[0327] In addition, as uplink channels, an uplink shared channel (Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)) shared by each user terminal 20), an uplink control channel (Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH))), a random access channel (Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)) and the like can also be used in the wireless communication system 1.

[0328] User data, high-layer control information, system information block (SIB), etc. are transmitted through PDSCH. User data, high-layer control information, etc. can also be transmitted through PUSCH. In addition, master information block (MIB) can also be transmitted through PBCH.

[0329] The lower layer control information may also be transmitted via the PDCCH. The lower layer control information may include, for example, downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI)) including scheduling information of at least one of the PDSCH and the PUSCH.

[0330] In addition, the DCI for scheduling the PDSCH may also be referred to as DL allocation, DL DCI, etc., and the DCI for scheduling the PUSCH may also be referred to as UL grant, UL DCI, etc. In addition, the PDSCH may also be rewritten as DL data, and the PUSCH may also be rewritten as UL data.

[0331] In the detection of PDCCH, the control resource set (CORESET) and the search space can also be used. CORESET corresponds to the resources for searching DCI. The search space corresponds to the search area and search method of PDCCH candidates. A CORESET can also be associated with one or more search spaces. The UE can also monitor the CORESET associated with a search space based on the search space setting.

[0332] A search space may also correspond to a PDCCH candidate corresponding to one or more aggregation levels. One or more search spaces may also be referred to as a search space set. In addition, the "search space", "search space set", "search space setting", "search space set setting", "CORESET", "CORESET setting" and the like in the present disclosure may also be rewritten mutually.

[0333] Uplink control information (uplink control information (UCI)) including at least one of channel state information (CSI), delivery confirmation information (e.g., also known as hybrid automatic repeat request confirmation (HARQ-ACK), ACK / NACK, etc.), and scheduling request (SR) can also be transmitted through PUCCH. The random access preamble used to establish a connection with a cell can also be transmitted through PRACH.

[0334] In the present disclosure, downlink, uplink, etc. may be expressed without the word “link.” In addition, various channels may be expressed without the word “physical” at the beginning.

[0335] In the wireless communication system 1, a synchronization signal (Synchronization Signal (SS)), a downlink reference signal (Downlink Reference Signal (DL-RS)), etc. can also be transmitted. As DL-RS, in the wireless communication system 1, a cell-specific reference signal (Cell-specific Reference Signal (CRS)), a channel state information reference signal (Channel State Information Reference Signal (CSI-RS)), a demodulation reference signal (DeModulation Reference Signal (DMRS)), a positioning reference signal (Positioning Reference Signal (PRS)), a phase tracking reference signal (Phase Tracking Reference Signal (PTRS)), etc. can also be transmitted.

[0336] The synchronization signal may be, for example, at least one of a primary synchronization signal (PSS) and a secondary synchronization signal (SSS). A signal block including SS (PSS, SSS) and PBCH (and DMRS for PBCH) may also be referred to as SS / PBCH block, SS block (SSB), etc. In addition, SS, SSB, etc. may also be referred to as reference signals.

[0337] In addition, in the wireless communication system 1, as an uplink reference signal (Uplink Reference Signal (UL-RS)), a measurement reference signal (Sounding Reference Signal (SRS)), a demodulation reference signal (DMRS), etc. can also be transmitted. In addition, DMRS can also be called a user terminal specific reference signal (UE-specific Reference Signal).

[0338] (Base Station)

[0339] Figure 61 is a diagram showing an example of a structure of a base station involved in one embodiment. The base station 10 includes a control unit 110, a transmitting and receiving unit 120, a transmitting and receiving antenna 130, and a transmission path interface (transmission line interface) 140. In addition, the control unit 110, the transmitting and receiving unit 120, the transmitting and receiving antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140 may each be provided with more than one.

[0340] In addition, in this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts in this embodiment are mainly shown, and it is also conceivable that the base station 10 also has other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Part of the processing of each unit described below may also be omitted.

[0341] The control unit 110 controls the entire base station 10. The control unit 110 can be composed of a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0342] The control unit 110 may also control signal generation, scheduling (e.g., resource allocation, mapping), etc. The control unit 110 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transmission and reception unit 120, the transmission and reception antenna 130, and the transmission path interface 140. The control unit 110 may also generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be sent as signals, and forward them to the transmission and reception unit 120. The control unit 110 may also perform call processing (setting, release, etc.) of communication channels, state management of the base station 10, management of wireless resources, etc.

[0343] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also include a baseband unit 121, a radio frequency (RF) unit 122, and a measuring unit 123. The baseband unit 121 may also include a transmitting processing unit 1211 and a receiving processing unit 1212. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may be composed of a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter (phase shifter), a measuring circuit, a transmitting and receiving circuit, etc., which are described based on the common knowledge in the technical field involved in the present disclosure.

[0344] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may be configured as an integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or may be configured as a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may also be configured as a transmitting processing unit 1211 and an RF unit 122. The receiving unit may also be configured as a receiving processing unit 1212, an RF unit 122, and a measuring unit 123.

[0345] The transmitting / receiving antenna 130 can be constituted by an antenna described based on common knowledge in the technical field involved in the present disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0346] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also transmit the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also receive the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0347] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also use digital beamforming (eg, precoding), analog beamforming (eg, phase rotation), etc. to form at least one of a transmitting beam and a receiving beam.

[0348] The sending and receiving unit 120 (the sending processing unit 1211 may also) performs processing on the Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) layer, the Radio Link Control (RLC) layer (for example, RLC retransmission control), the Medium Access Control (MAC) layer (for example, HARQ retransmission control), etc., for data and control information obtained from the control unit 110, and generates a bit string to be sent.

[0349] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (transmitting processing unit 1211) can also perform channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing (filtering processing), discrete Fourier transform (Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)) processing (as needed), inverse fast Fourier transform (Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT)) processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be sent, and output a baseband signal.

[0350] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122 ) may also perform modulation, filter processing, amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 .

[0351] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 120 (RF unit 122 ) may also perform amplification, filter processing, demodulation to a baseband signal, etc. on the signal in the radio frequency band received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 .

[0352] The sending and receiving unit 120 (receiving processing unit 1212) can also apply analog-to-digital conversion, fast Fourier transform (FFT) processing, inverse discrete Fourier transform (IDFT) processing (as needed), filter processing (filtering processing), demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the acquired baseband signal to obtain user data, etc.

[0353] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (measuring unit 123) may also implement measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measuring unit 123 may also perform radio resource management (Radio Resource Management (RRM)) measurements, channel state information (CSI) measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measuring unit 123 may also measure received power (e.g., reference signal received power (Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP))), received quality (e.g., reference signal received quality (Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ)), signal to interference plus noise ratio (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR)), signal to noise ratio (Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR))), signal strength (e.g., received signal strength indicator (Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI))), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may also be output to the control unit 110.

[0354] The transmission path interface 140 can also send and receive signals (return signaling) between devices included in the core network 30, other base stations 10, etc., and can also obtain and transmit user data (user plane data) and control plane data for the user terminal 20.

[0355] In addition, the transmission unit and the reception unit of the base station 10 in the present disclosure may also be constituted by at least one of the transmission and reception unit 120 , the transmission and reception antenna 130 , and the transmission path interface 140 .

[0356] The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also receive the location information of the terminal. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 may also transmit at least one of first information related to the arrival angle of the signal in the terminal based on the location information and second information related to the transmission angle of the signal in the terminal based on the location information. The control unit 110 may also perform at least one of the following: use the first information to indicate the receiving beam of the downlink signal in the terminal, and use the second information to indicate the transmitting beam of the uplink signal in the terminal (the zeroth, first embodiment).

[0357] (User Terminal)

[0358] Figure 7 2 is a diagram showing an example of a configuration of a user terminal according to an embodiment. The user terminal 20 includes a control unit 210, a transmitting / receiving unit 220, and a transmitting / receiving antenna 230. In addition, the control unit 210, the transmitting / receiving unit 220, and the transmitting / receiving antenna 230 may be provided in one or more portions.

[0359] In addition, in this example, the functional blocks of the characteristic parts in this embodiment are mainly shown, and it is also conceivable that the user terminal 20 also has other functional blocks required for wireless communication. Part of the processing of each unit described below may be omitted.

[0360] The control unit 210 controls the entire user terminal 20. The control unit 210 can be composed of a controller, a control circuit, and the like that are described based on common knowledge in the technical field to which the present disclosure relates.

[0361] The control unit 210 may also control signal generation, mapping, etc. The control unit 210 may also control transmission and reception, measurement, etc. using the transmission and reception unit 220 and the transmission and reception antenna 230. The control unit 210 may also generate data, control information, sequences, etc. to be transmitted as signals, and forward them to the transmission and reception unit 220.

[0362] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also include a baseband unit 221, an RF unit 222, and a measuring unit 223. The baseband unit 221 may also include a transmitting processing unit 2211 and a receiving processing unit 2212. The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may be composed of a transmitter / receiver, an RF circuit, a baseband circuit, a filter, a phase shifter, a measuring circuit, a transmitting and receiving circuit, etc., which are described based on the common knowledge in the technical field involved in the present disclosure.

[0363] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may be configured as an integrated transmitting and receiving unit, or may be configured as a transmitting unit and a receiving unit. The transmitting unit may also be configured as a transmitting processing unit 2211 and an RF unit 222. The receiving unit may also be configured as a receiving processing unit 2212, an RF unit 222, and a measuring unit 223.

[0364] The transmitting / receiving antenna 230 can be constituted by an antenna described based on common knowledge in the technical field involved in the present disclosure, such as an array antenna.

[0365] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive the above-mentioned downlink channel, synchronization signal, downlink reference signal, etc. The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also transmit the above-mentioned uplink channel, uplink reference signal, etc.

[0366] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also use digital beamforming (eg, precoding), analog beamforming (eg, phase rotation), etc. to form at least one of a transmitting beam and a receiving beam.

[0367] The sending and receiving unit 220 (sending processing unit 2211) can also perform PDCP layer processing, RLC layer processing (for example, RLC retransmission control), MAC layer processing (for example, HARQ retransmission control), etc. on the data, control information, etc. obtained from the control unit 210 to generate a bit string to be sent.

[0368] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) can also perform channel coding (which may also include error correction coding), modulation, mapping, filter processing (filtering processing), DFT processing (as needed), IFFT processing, precoding, digital-to-analog conversion and other transmission processing on the bit string to be sent, and output a baseband signal.

[0369] In addition, whether to apply DFT processing may also be based on the setting of transform precoding. For a certain channel (e.g., PUSCH), when transform precoding is valid (enabled), the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may also perform DFT processing as the above-mentioned transmission processing in order to transmit the channel using a DFT-s-OFDM waveform. Otherwise, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (transmitting processing unit 2211) may also perform DFT processing as the above-mentioned transmission processing without performing DFT processing.

[0370] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222 ) may perform modulation, filter processing (filtering processing), amplification, etc. on the baseband signal to a radio frequency band, and transmit the signal in the radio frequency band via the transmitting and receiving antenna 230 .

[0371] On the other hand, the transmitting and receiving unit 220 (RF unit 222) may perform amplification, filter processing (filter processing), demodulation into a baseband signal, etc. on the signal in the radio frequency band received by the transmitting and receiving antenna 230.

[0372] The sending and receiving unit 220 (receiving processing unit 2212) can also apply analog-to-digital conversion, FFT processing, IDFT processing (as needed), filter processing (filtering processing), demapping, demodulation, decoding (which may also include error correction decoding), MAC layer processing, RLC layer processing, and PDCP layer processing to the obtained baseband signal to obtain user data, etc.

[0373] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 (measuring unit 223) may also perform measurements related to the received signal. For example, the measuring unit 223 may also perform RRM measurements, CSI measurements, etc. based on the received signal. The measuring unit 223 may also measure received power (e.g., RSRP), received quality (e.g., RSRQ, SINR, SNR), signal strength (e.g., RSSI), propagation path information (e.g., CSI), etc. The measurement results may also be output to the control unit 210.

[0374] In addition, the transmitting unit and the receiving unit of the user terminal 20 in the present disclosure may also be composed of at least one of the transmitting and receiving unit 220 and the transmitting and receiving antenna 230 .

[0375] The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also transmit the location information of the terminal. The transmitting and receiving unit 220 may also receive at least one of first information related to the arrival angle of the signal in the terminal based on the location information and second information related to the transmission angle of the signal in the terminal based on the location information. The control unit 210 may also perform at least one of the following: determine the receiving beam of the downlink signal based on the first information, and determine the transmitting beam of the uplink signal based on the second information (the zeroth, first embodiment).

[0376] The sending and receiving unit 220 may also receive a plurality of information related to time offset associated with at least one of the first information and the second information. The control unit 210 may also determine the application timing of the first information corresponding to the information related to time offset and the second information corresponding to the information related to time offset based on the information related to time offset (first embodiment).

[0377] The control unit 210 may also control the transmission of feedback information for at least one of the first information and the second information (second embodiment).

[0378] The control unit 210 can also determine the switching of application of a beam based on at least one of the first information and the second information, and application of a beam based on at least one of a transmission setting indication (TCI) state and a quasi co-location (QCL) information based on specific conditions (third embodiment).

[0379] (Hardware Structure)

[0380] In addition, the block diagram used in the description of the above-mentioned embodiment shows a block of a functional unit. These functional blocks (structural units) are implemented by any combination of at least one of hardware and software. In addition, the implementation method of each functional block is not particularly limited. That is, each functional block can be implemented by a device that is physically or logically combined, or two or more devices that are physically or logically separated can be directly or indirectly (for example, by wired, wireless, etc.) connected and implemented by these multiple devices. The functional block can also be implemented by combining the above-mentioned one device or the above-mentioned multiple devices with software.

[0381] Here, the functions include judging, deciding, determining, calculating, calculating, processing, deriving, investigating, searching, confirming, receiving, sending, outputting, accessing, solving, selecting, selecting, establishing, comparing, assuming, expecting, regarding, broadcasting, notifying, communicating, forwarding, configuring, reconfiguring, allocating, mapping, assigning, etc., but are not limited to these. For example, a functional block (structural unit) that implements a sending function may also be referred to as a transmitting unit, a transmitter, etc. Any one of them is as described above, and the implementation method thereof is not particularly limited.

[0382] For example, a base station, a user terminal, etc. in one embodiment of the present disclosure may also function as a computer that performs processing of the wireless communication method of the present disclosure. Figure 8 1001, memory 1002, storage 1003, communication device 1004, input device 1005, output device 1006, bus 1007, etc.

[0383] In addition, in the present disclosure, the terms such as device, circuit, equipment, section, unit, etc. can be interchangeably used. The hardware structure of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may be configured to include one or more of the devices shown in the figure, or may be configured to exclude some of the devices.

[0384] For example, only one processor 1001 is shown, but there may be multiple processors. In addition, the processing may be performed by one processor, or may be performed by two or more processors simultaneously, sequentially, or in other ways. In addition, the processor 1001 may also be implemented by one or more chips.

[0385] The functions of the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 are realized, for example, by reading specific software (program) into hardware such as the processor 1001 and the memory 1002, so that the processor 1001 performs calculations and controls communication via the communication device 1004, or controls at least one of the reading and writing of data in the memory 1002 and the storage 1003.

[0386] The processor 1001 controls the entire computer by, for example, operating an operating system. The processor 1001 may also be composed of a central processing unit (CPU) including an interface with peripheral devices, a control device, an arithmetic device, a register, etc. For example, at least a part of the above-mentioned control unit 110 (210), the sending and receiving unit 120 (220), etc. may also be implemented by the processor 1001.

[0387] In addition, the processor 1001 reads the program (program code), software module, data, etc. from at least one of the storage 1003 and the communication device 1004 to the memory 1002, and performs various processes based on them. As a program, a program that causes a computer to perform at least a part of the operations described in the above-mentioned embodiments can be used. For example, the control unit 110 (210) can also be implemented by a control program stored in the memory 1002 and operated in the processor 1001, and the same can be implemented for other functional blocks.

[0388] The memory 1002 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, for example, composed of at least one of a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable ROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), a random access memory (RAM), or other appropriate storage media. The memory 1002 may also be referred to as a register, a cache, a main memory (main storage device), etc. The memory 1002 can store executable programs (program codes), software modules, etc. for implementing the wireless communication method involved in one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0389] The storage 1003 may also be a computer-readable recording medium, such as a flexible disk, a floppy disk, an optical disk (such as a compact disk (Compact Disc ROM (CD-ROM)), a digital versatile disk, a Blu-ray (Blu-ray) (registered trademark) disk), a removable disk, a hard disk drive, a smart card, a flash memory device (such as a card, a stick, a key drive), a magnetic stripe, a database, a server, or at least one of other suitable storage media. The storage 1003 may also be referred to as an auxiliary storage device.

[0390] The communication device 1004 is hardware (transmitting and receiving device) for communicating between computers via at least one of a wired network and a wireless network, and is also called a network device, a network controller, a network card, a communication module, etc. In order to realize at least one of frequency division duplex (Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)) and time division duplex (Time Division Duplex (TDD)), the communication device 1004 can also be configured to include a high-frequency switch, a duplexer, a filter, a frequency synthesizer, etc. For example, the above-mentioned transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220), the transmitting and receiving antenna 130 (230), etc. can also be realized by the communication device 1004. The transmitting and receiving unit 120 (220) can also be realized by physically or logically separating the transmitting unit 120a (220a) and the receiving unit 120b (220b).

[0391] The input device 1005 is an input device that receives input from the outside (e.g., a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a switch, a button, a sensor, etc.). The output device 1006 is an output device that implements output to the outside (e.g., a display, a speaker, a light emitting diode (LED) lamp, etc.). In addition, the input device 1005 and the output device 1006 may also be an integrated structure (e.g., a touch panel).

[0392] In addition, the processor 1001, the memory 1002 and other devices are connected via a bus 1007 for communicating information. The bus 1007 may be configured as a single bus or may be configured as different buses between the devices.

[0393] In addition, the base station 10 and the user terminal 20 may also be configured to include hardware such as a microprocessor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), and a field programmable gate array (FPGA), and the hardware may be used to implement a part or all of each functional block. For example, the processor 1001 may also be implemented using at least one of these hardware.

[0394] (Variation Example)

[0395] In addition, the terms described in the present disclosure and the terms required for understanding the present disclosure may also be replaced with terms having the same or similar meanings. For example, channels, code elements, and signals (signals or signaling) may also be rewritten with each other. In addition, a signal may also be a message. A reference signal may also be referred to as RS, and may also be referred to as a pilot, a pilot signal, etc. depending on the standard applied. In addition, a component carrier (CC) may also be referred to as a cell, a frequency carrier, a carrier frequency, etc.

[0396] A wireless frame may also be composed of one or more periods (frames) in the time domain. Each period (frame) of the one or more periods (frames) constituting a wireless frame may also be referred to as a subframe. Further, a subframe may also be composed of one or more time slots in the time domain. A subframe may also be a fixed time length (e.g., 1 ms) that is not dependent on a parameter set (numerology).

[0397] Here, the parameter set may also be a communication parameter applied in at least one of the transmission and reception of a certain signal or channel. For example, the parameter set may also represent at least one of a subcarrier spacing (SCS), bandwidth, symbol length, cyclic prefix length, transmission time interval (TTI), the number of symbols per TTI, a wireless frame structure, a specific filter processing performed by a transmitter and receiver in the frequency domain, a specific windowing processing performed by a transmitter and receiver in the time domain, and the like.

[0398] A time slot may also be composed of one or more symbols (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) symbols, etc.) in the time domain. In addition, a time slot may also be a time unit based on a parameter set.

[0399] A time slot may also include multiple mini-slots. Each mini-slot may also be composed of one or more symbols in the time domain. In addition, a mini-slot may also be referred to as a sub-slot. A mini-slot may also be composed of fewer symbols than a time slot. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted in a time unit larger than a mini-slot may also be referred to as a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type A. A PDSCH (or PUSCH) transmitted using a mini-slot may also be referred to as a PDSCH (PUSCH) mapping type B.

[0400] Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols all represent time units for transmitting signals. Radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols may also be referred to by their respective names. In addition, time units such as frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots, and symbols in the present disclosure may also be replaced with each other.

[0401] For example, a subframe may be referred to as a TTI, a plurality of consecutive subframes may be referred to as a TTI, and a time slot or a mini time slot may be referred to as a TTI. That is, at least one of a subframe and a TTI may be a subframe (1 ms) in existing LTE, a period shorter than 1 ms (e.g., 1-13 symbols), or a period longer than 1 ms. In addition, the unit representing a TTI may be referred to as a time slot, a mini time slot, etc. instead of a subframe.

[0402] Here, TTI refers to, for example, the minimum time unit for scheduling in wireless communication. For example, in the LTE system, the base station schedules each user terminal to allocate wireless resources (frequency bandwidth, transmission power, etc. that can be used in each user terminal) in TTI units. In addition, the definition of TTI is not limited to this.

[0403] TTI may also be a transmission time unit for a data packet (transport block), a code block, a code word, etc. that has been channel-coded, and may also be a processing unit for scheduling, link adaptation, etc. In addition, when TTI is given, the time interval (e.g., the number of symbols) to which a transport block, a code block, a code word, etc. is actually mapped may be shorter than the TTI.

[0404] In addition, when a time slot or a mini time slot is called TTI, one or more TTIs (i.e., one or more time slots or one or more mini time slots) can also be the minimum time unit of scheduling. In addition, the number of time slots (mini time slots) constituting the minimum time unit of scheduling can also be controlled.

[0405] A TTI having a time length of 1 ms may also be referred to as a normal TTI (TTI in 3GPP Rel.8-12), a standard TTI, a long TTI, a normal subframe, a standard subframe, a long subframe, a time slot, etc. A TTI shorter than a normal TTI may also be referred to as a shortened TTI, a short TTI, a partial TTI (partial or fractional TTI), a shortened subframe, a short subframe, a mini time slot, a sub time slot, a time slot, etc.

[0406] In addition, a long TTI (e.g., normal TTI, subframe, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a time length exceeding 1 ms, and a short TTI (e.g., shortened TTI, etc.) can also be rewritten as a TTI with a TTI length shorter than that of the long TTI and longer than 1 ms.

[0407] A resource block (RB) is a resource allocation unit in the time domain and the frequency domain, and may include one or more consecutive subcarriers (subcarriers) in the frequency domain. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be the same regardless of the parameter set, for example, 12. The number of subcarriers included in an RB may also be determined based on the parameter set.

[0408] In addition, an RB may also include one or more symbols in the time domain, and may also be the length of a slot, a mini-slot, a subframe, or a TTI. A TTI, a subframe, etc. may also be composed of one or more resource blocks, respectively.

[0409] In addition, one or more RBs may also be referred to as a physical resource block (Physical RB (PRB)), a sub-carrier group (Sub-Carrier Group (SCG)), a resource element group (Resource Element Group (REG)), a PRB pair, an RB pair, etc.

[0410] In addition, a resource block may be composed of one or more resource elements (RE). For example, one RE may be a radio resource region of one subcarrier and one symbol.

[0411] A Bandwidth Part (BWP) (also referred to as a partial bandwidth, etc.) may also represent a subset of contiguous common RBs (common resource blocks) for a parameter set in a carrier. Here, a common RB may also be identified by an index of the RB relative to a common reference point of the carrier. PRBs may also be defined in a BWP and numbered within the BWP.

[0412] The BWP may include a UL BWP (BWP for UL) and a DL BWP (BWP for DL). For a UE, one or more BWPs may be configured in one carrier.

[0413] At least one of the set BWPs may be activated, and the UE may not assume that a specific signal / channel is transmitted or received outside the activated BWP. In addition, "cell", "carrier", etc. in the present disclosure may also be rewritten as "BWP".

[0414] In addition, the above-mentioned structures such as radio frames, subframes, time slots, mini-time slots and symbols are only examples. For example, the number of subframes included in a radio frame, the number of time slots in each subframe or radio frame, the number of mini-time slots included in a time slot, the number of symbols and RBs included in a time slot or mini-time slot, the number of subcarriers included in an RB, the number of symbols in a TTI, the symbol length, and the cyclic prefix (CP) length can be changed in various ways.

[0415] In addition, the information, parameters, etc. described in the present disclosure may be represented by absolute values, relative values ​​relative to a specific value, or other corresponding information. For example, wireless resources may also be indicated by a specific index.

[0416] In the present disclosure, the names used for parameters, etc. are not limiting in all respects. Furthermore, the mathematical formulas, etc. using these parameters may be different from those explicitly disclosed in the present disclosure. Various channels (PUCCH, PDCCH, etc.) and information elements can be identified by any suitable names, and therefore, the various names assigned to these various channels and information elements are not limiting in all respects.

[0417] Information, signals, etc. described in this disclosure may also be represented using any of a variety of different techniques. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, chips, etc. that may be mentioned throughout the above description may also be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or photons, or any combination thereof.

[0418] Furthermore, information, signals, etc. can be output in at least one of the following directions: from a higher layer (upper layer) to a lower layer (lower layer), and from a lower layer to a higher layer. Information, signals, etc. can also be input and output via multiple network nodes.

[0419] The input and output information, signals, etc. may be stored in a specific location (e.g., a memory), or may be managed using a management table. The input and output information, signals, etc. may be overwritten, updated, or appended. The output information, signals, etc. may also be deleted. The input information, signals, etc. may also be sent to other devices.

[0420] The notification of information is not limited to the methods / implementations described in the present disclosure, and may also be performed by other methods. For example, the notification of information in the present disclosure may also be implemented through physical layer signaling (e.g., downlink control information (Downlink Control Information (DCI))), uplink control information (Uplink Control Information (UCI))), high-layer signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling, broadcast information (Master Information Block (MIB)), System Information Block (SIB)), etc.), Medium Access Control (MAC) signaling), other signals or a combination thereof.

[0421] In addition, physical layer signaling may also be referred to as layer 1 / layer 2 (Layer 1 / Layer 2 (L1 / L2)) control information (L1 / L2 control signal), L1 control information (L1 control signal), etc. In addition, RRC signaling may also be referred to as an RRC message, such as an RRC connection establishment (RRC Connection Setup) message, an RRC connection reconstruction (RRC Connection Reconfiguration) message, etc. In addition, MAC signaling may also be notified using, for example, a MAC control element (MACControl Element (CE)).

[0422] Furthermore, notification of specific information (eg, notification of “it is X”) is not limited to explicit notification, but may be performed implicitly (eg, by not notifying the specific information or by notifying other information).

[0423] The determination can be made by a value represented by a bit (0 or 1), by a true or false value (Boolean value) represented by true or false, or by comparison of numerical values ​​(for example, comparison with a specific value).

[0424] Whether software is called software, firmware, middle-ware, microcode, hardware description language, or other names, it should be broadly interpreted as meaning instructions, instruction sets, code, code segments, program code, program, sub-program, software modules, applications, software applications, software packages, routines, sub-routines, objects, executable files, execution threads, procedures, functions, etc.

[0425] In addition, software, instructions, information, etc. may also be sent and received via a transmission medium. For example, when software is sent from a website, server, or other remote source using at least one of wired technology (coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), etc.) and wireless technology (infrared, microwave, etc.), at least one of these wired technology and wireless technology is included in the definition of transmission medium.

[0426] The terms "system" and "network" used in the present disclosure can be used interchangeably. "Network" may also refer to a device (eg, a base station) included in the network.

[0427] In the present disclosure, terms such as "precoding", "precoder", "weight (precoding weight)", "Quasi-Co-Location (QCL)", "Transmission Configuration Indication state (TCI state)", "spatial relation", "spatial domain filter", "transmission power", "phase rotation", "antenna port", "antenna port group", "layer", "number of layers", "rank", "resource", "resource set", "resource group", "beam", "beam width", "beam angle", "antenna", "antenna element", and "panel" can be used interchangeably.

[0428] In the present disclosure, terms such as "Base Station (BS)", "wireless base station", "fixed station", "NodeB", "eNB (eNodeB)", "gNB (gNodeB)", "access point", "Transmission Point (TP)", "Reception Point (RP)", "Transmission / Reception Point (TRP)", "panel", "cell", "sector", "cell group", "carrier", and "component carrier" can be used interchangeably. There are also cases where base stations are referred to by terms such as macro cell, small cell, micro-micro cell, and micro-micro cell.

[0429] A base station can accommodate one or more (for example, three) cells. When a base station accommodates multiple cells, the overall coverage area of ​​the base station can be divided into multiple smaller areas, and each smaller area can also provide communication services through a base station subsystem (for example, a small base station for indoor use (Remote Radio Head (RRH))). Terms such as "cell" or "sector" refer to a part or the entirety of the coverage area of ​​at least one of a base station and a base station subsystem that provides communication services within the coverage area.

[0430] In the present disclosure, the base station sending information to the terminal may also be rewritten as the base station instructing the terminal to control / operate based on the information.

[0431] In the present disclosure, terms such as “mobile station (MS)”, “user terminal”, “user device (User Equipment (UE))”, and “terminal” can be used interchangeably.

[0432] There are also cases where a mobile station is referred to as a subscriber station, mobile unit, subscriber unit, wireless unit, remote unit, mobile device, wireless device, wireless communication device, remote device, mobile subscriber station, access terminal, mobile terminal, wireless terminal, remote terminal, hand set, user agent, mobile client, client or several other appropriate terms.

[0433] At least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be referred to as a transmission device, a reception device, a wireless communication device, etc. In addition, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may be a device mounted on a moving object, a moving object body, etc.

[0434] The mobile body refers to a movable object, and the moving speed is arbitrary, and of course it also includes the situation where the mobile body stops. The mobile body includes, for example, vehicles, transport vehicles, cars, automatic two-wheeled vehicles (motorcycles), bicycles, connected cars, loading shovels, bulldozers, wheel loaders, dump trucks, forklifts, trains, buses, trolleys, rickshaws, ships (ships and other watercrafts), airplanes, rockets, artificial satellites, drones, multi-rotor aircraft, quadcopters, balloons and objects carried on them, but are not limited to these. In addition, the mobile body can also be a mobile body that drives autonomously based on operating instructions.

[0435] The mobile body may be a means of transportation (e.g., a vehicle, an airplane, etc.), a mobile body that moves unmanned (e.g., a drone, an autonomous vehicle, etc.), or a robot (manned or unmanned). In addition, at least one of the base station and the mobile station also includes a device that does not necessarily move when performing communication operations. For example, at least one of the base station and the mobile station may also be an Internet of Things (IoT) device such as a sensor.

[0436] Fig. 9 1 is a diagram showing an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment. The vehicle 40 includes a drive unit 41, a steering unit 42, an accelerator pedal 43, a brake pedal 44, a shift lever 45, left and right front wheels 46, left and right rear wheels 47, an axle 48, an electronic control unit 49, various sensors (including a current sensor 50, a rotation speed sensor 51, an air pressure sensor 52, a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration sensor 54, an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a brake pedal sensor 56, a shift lever sensor 57, and an object detection sensor 58), an information service unit 59, and a communication module 60.

[0437] The driving unit 41 is composed of at least one of an engine, a motor, or a combination of an engine and a motor. The steering unit 42 is composed of at least a steering wheel (also called a handlebar), and steers at least one of the front wheels 46 and the rear wheels 47 based on the operation of the steering wheel operated by the user.

[0438] The electronic control unit 49 is composed of a microprocessor 61, a memory (ROM, RAM) 62, and a communication port (for example, an input / output (IO) port) 63. Signals from various sensors 50-58 provided in the vehicle are input to the electronic control unit 49. The electronic control unit 49 may also be referred to as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit).

[0439] Signals from various sensors 50-58 include a current signal from a current sensor 50 for sensing the current of a motor, a speed signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by a speed sensor 51, an air pressure signal of the front wheels 46 / rear wheels 47 obtained by other sensors 52, a vehicle speed signal obtained by a vehicle speed sensor 53, an acceleration signal obtained by an acceleration sensor 54, a depression amount signal of an accelerator pedal 43 obtained by an accelerator pedal sensor 55, a depression amount signal of a brake pedal 44 obtained by a brake pedal sensor 56, an operation signal of a shift lever 45 obtained by a shift lever sensor 57, a detection signal for detecting obstacles, vehicles, pedestrians, etc. obtained by an object detection sensor 58, and the like.

[0440] The information service unit 59 is composed of various devices such as a vehicle navigation system, an audio system, a speaker, a display, a television, and a radio for providing (outputting) various information such as driving information, traffic information, and entertainment information, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. The information service unit 59 provides various information / services (for example, multimedia information / multimedia services) to the occupants of the vehicle 40 using information obtained from an external device via the communication module 60, etc.

[0441] The information service unit 59 may include input devices for accepting input from the outside (e.g., keyboard, mouse, microphone, switch, button, sensor, touch panel, etc.), and may also include output devices for implementing output to the outside (e.g., display, speaker, LED light, touch panel, etc.).

[0442] The driving assistance system unit 64 is composed of various devices such as millimeter wave radar, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), camera, positioning locator (e.g., Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)), map information (e.g., high-precision (High Definition (HD))) map, autonomous vehicle (Autonomous Vehicle (AV)) map, etc.), gyroscope system (e.g., inertial measurement unit (Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU))), inertial navigation unit (Inertial Navigation System (INS))), artificial intelligence (Artificial Intelligence (AI)) chip, AI processor, etc., for providing functions for preventing accidents before they happen or reducing the driver's driving load, and one or more ECUs for controlling these devices. In addition, the driving assistance system unit 64 sends and receives various information via the communication module 60 and realizes driving assistance function or autonomous driving function.

[0443] The communication module 60 can communicate with the microprocessor 61 and the components of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63. For example, the communication module 60 transmits and receives data (information) between the drive unit 41, the steering unit 42, the accelerator pedal 43, the brake pedal 44, the shift lever 45, the left and right front wheels 46, the left and right rear wheels 47, the axle 48, the microprocessor 61 and the memory (ROM, RAM) 62 in the electronic control unit 49, and the various sensors 50-58 of the vehicle 40 via the communication port 63.

[0444] The communication module 60 can be controlled by the microprocessor 61 of the electronic control unit 49, and is a communication device that can communicate with an external device. For example, various information is sent and received with the external device via wireless communication. The communication module 60 can be located either inside or outside the electronic control unit 49. The external device can also be, for example, the above-mentioned base station 10, user terminal 20, etc. In addition, the communication module 60 can also be, for example, at least one of the above-mentioned base station 10 and user terminal 20 (it can also function as at least one of the base station 10 and user terminal 20).

[0445] The communication module 60 may also transmit at least one of the signals from the various sensors 50-58 input to the electronic control unit 49, information obtained based on the signals, and information based on input from the outside (user) obtained via the information service unit 59 to an external device via wireless communication. The electronic control unit 49, the various sensors 50-58, the information service unit 59, etc. may also be referred to as an input unit that receives input. For example, the PUSCH transmitted through the communication module 60 may also include information based on the above input.

[0446] The communication module 60 receives various information (traffic information, signal information, vehicle-to-vehicle information, etc.) transmitted from an external device, and displays it to the information service unit 59 provided in the vehicle. The information service unit 59 may also be referred to as an output unit for outputting information (for example, outputting information to a display, a speaker, etc. based on the PDSCH received by the communication module 60 (or data / information decoded from the PDSCH)).

[0447] In addition, the communication module 60 stores various information received from the external device in the memory 62 that can be used by the microprocessor 61. The microprocessor 61 can also control the drive unit 41, the steering unit 42, the accelerator pedal 43, the brake pedal 44, the shift lever 45, the left and right front wheels 46, the left and right rear wheels 47, the axle 48, and various sensors 50-58 of the vehicle 40 based on the information stored in the memory 62.

[0448] In addition, the base station in the present disclosure may also be rewritten as a user terminal. For example, the various methods / implementations of the present disclosure may also be applied to a structure in which the communication between a base station and a user terminal is replaced by the communication between multiple user terminals (for example, it may also be referred to as device-to-device (D2D)), vehicle-to-everything (V2X), etc.). In this case, it may also be set as a structure in which the user terminal 20 has the functions possessed by the above-mentioned base station 10. In addition, terms such as "uplink", "downlink", etc. may also be rewritten as terms corresponding to communication between terminals (for example, "sidelink"). For example, uplink channels, downlink channels, etc. may also be rewritten as sidelink channels.

[0449] Likewise, the user terminal in the present disclosure may be rewritten as a base station. In this case, the base station 10 may have the functions of the user terminal 20 described above.

[0450] In the present disclosure, the actions are assumed to be performed by the base station, and sometimes by its upper node (uppernode) depending on the situation. Obviously, in a network including one or more network nodes having a base station, various operations performed for communication with a terminal can be performed by the base station, one or more network nodes other than the base station (for example, considering the Mobility Management Entity (MME)), the Serving-Gateway (S-GW), etc., but not limited to these) or a combination thereof.

[0451] The various methods / implementations described in this disclosure may be used alone or in combination, and may be used in a switched manner as the method is executed. In addition, the processing procedures, timings, flow charts, etc. of the various methods / implementations described in this disclosure may be reversed in order as long as they are not contradictory. For example, for the method described in this disclosure, the elements of various steps are presented in an illustrative order, but are not limited to the specific order presented.

[0452] The various modes / implementations described in the present disclosure may also be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), LTE-Beyond (LTE-B), SUPER 3G, IMT-Advanced, 4th generation mobile communication system (4G), 5th generation mobile communication system (5G), 6th generation mobile communication system (6G), xth generation mobile communication system (xG (x is, for example, an integer or a decimal)), Future Radio Access (FRA), New-Radio Access Technology (RAT), New Radio (NR), New Radio Access (NX), Future generation radio access (FX), Global System for Mobile communications (GSM (registered trademark)), CDMA2000, Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX (registered trademark)), IEEE 802.20, Ultra-WideBand (UWB), Bluetooth (registered trademark), systems using other appropriate wireless communication methods, and next-generation systems based on these enhancements, corrections, production or regulations, etc. In addition, multiple systems can also be combined (for example, LTE or LTE-A, combination with 5G, etc.) for application.

[0453] The phrase “based on” used in the present disclosure does not mean “based only on” unless otherwise specified. In other words, the phrase “based on” means both “based only on” and “based at least on”.

[0454] Any reference to an element using the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this disclosure does not fully define the amount or order of these elements. These terms can be used in this disclosure as a convenient method to distinguish between two or more elements. Therefore, reference to the first and second elements does not mean that only two elements can be used or that the first element must take precedence over the second element in some form.

[0455] The term "determining" used in the present disclosure may include a variety of actions. For example, "determining" may also refer to situations where judging, calculating, computing, processing, deriving, investigating, looking up (e.g., searching in a table, database or other data structure), ascertaining, etc. are considered to be "determining".

[0456] In addition, "judgment (decision)" may also be a situation where receiving (for example, receiving information), sending (for example, sending information), input (input), output (output), accessing (for example, accessing data in a memory), etc. are regarded as making a "judgment (decision)".

[0457] In addition, "judgment (decision)" can also be regarded as a situation where resolving, selecting, choosing, establishing, comparing, etc. are regarded as a situation where "judgment (decision)" is performed. That is, "judgment (decision)" can also be regarded as a situation where some actions are regarded as a situation where "judgment (decision)" is performed.

[0458] In addition, "judge (decide)" can also be rewritten as "assuming (assuming)", "expecting (expecting)", "considering (considering)" and so on.

[0459] The terms "connected", "coupled", or all their variations used in this disclosure refer to all direct or indirect connections or combinations between two or more elements, and may include the situation where one or more intermediate elements exist between two elements that are "connected" or "coupled" to each other. The combination or connection between elements may be physical, logical, or a combination thereof. For example, "connection" may also be rewritten as "access".

[0460] In the present disclosure, when two elements are connected, it is possible to consider being "connected" or "combined" to each other using one or more wires, cables, printed electrical connections, etc., as well as being "connected" or "combined" to each other using electromagnetic energy with wavelengths in the wireless frequency domain, microwave region, light (both visible and invisible) region, etc. as several non-limiting and non-inclusive examples.

[0461] In the present disclosure, the term "A is different from B" may also mean "A and B are different from each other". In addition, the term may also mean "A and B are different from C, respectively". The terms "separate" and "combined" may also be interpreted in the same manner as "different".

[0462] When the terms “include,” “including,” and variations thereof are used in the present disclosure, these terms have an inclusive meaning, similar to the term “comprising.” Furthermore, the term “or” used in the present disclosure does not have an exclusive OR meaning.

[0463] In the present disclosure, when an article is added by translation like a, an, and the in English, for example, the present disclosure may also include a case where the noun following the article is in plural form.

[0464] The invention involved in the present disclosure is described in detail above, but it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the invention involved in the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments described in the present disclosure. The invention involved in the present disclosure can be implemented as a modified and altered mode without departing from the gist and scope of the invention determined based on the description of the claims. Therefore, the description of the present disclosure is for the purpose of illustrative description and does not have any limiting meaning on the invention involved in the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A terminal having: A sending unit, which sends the location information of the terminal; a receiving unit, receiving at least one of first information related to an arrival angle of a signal in the terminal based on the location information and second information related to a transmission angle of a signal in the terminal based on the location information; as well as The control unit performs at least one of the following: determining a receiving beam of a downlink signal based on the first information, and determining a transmitting beam of an uplink signal based on the second information.

2. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein: The receiving unit receives a plurality of information related to time offset associated with at least one of the first information and the second information, The control unit determines application timing of first information corresponding to the information related to the time offset and second information corresponding to the information related to the time offset based on the information related to the time offset.

3. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein: The control unit controls transmission of feedback information for at least one of the first information and the second information.

4. The terminal according to claim 1, wherein: The control unit determines, based on specific conditions, the switching of the application of a beam based on at least one of the first information and the second information and the application of a beam based on at least one of the sending setting indication state, i.e., the TCI state, and the quasi-co-location information, i.e., the QCL information.

5. A wireless communication method of a terminal, comprising: The step of sending the location information of the terminal; receiving at least one of first information related to an arrival angle of a signal in the terminal based on the location information and second information related to a transmission angle of a signal in the terminal based on the location information; and At least one of the following is performed: the step of determining a reception beam of a downlink signal based on the first information, and the step of determining a transmission beam of an uplink signal based on the second information.

6. A base station, comprising: A receiving unit, receiving location information of a terminal; a sending unit, which sends at least one of first information related to an arrival angle of a signal in the terminal based on the location information and second information related to a transmission angle of a signal in the terminal based on the location information; as well as The control unit performs at least one of the following: using the first information to indicate a reception beam of a downlink signal in the terminal, and using the second information to indicate a transmission beam of an uplink signal in the terminal.

Images