Method for greening steep slope surface of mine restoration

Abstract

The application discloses a mine repair steep slope surface vegetation greening method which is simple in structure, convenient to operate and low in cost. The mine repair steep slope surface vegetation greening method adopts a steep slope vegetation planting device and comprises the following steps: S1, drilling installation holes on the top of a steep slope surface so that the installation holes are matched with prefabricated anchor rods; S2, installing a fixing disc; planting Boston ivy in the fixing disc; S3, hanging a reinforcing net on hooks of the fixing disc; S4, installing a drainage pipe between two adjacent fixing devices; hanging turf on the reinforcing net; S5, installing a fixing device at the lower end of the reinforcing net; and S6, planting Boston ivy and completing the planting of the slope vegetation. The mine repair steep slope surface vegetation greening method is convenient to realize the moisture retention of the steep slope surface of the mine and avoids water and soil loss; the mine repair steep slope surface vegetation greening method is convenient to construct and can effectively reduce the cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mine ecological restoration, and in particular to a method for vegetation greening steep slopes in mines. Background Technology

[0002] Open-pit mines are used to extract mineral resources using open-pit mining methods. During mining operations, large areas of vegetation must be cleared. Extensive excavation of the soil can easily create steep slopes, leading to soil structure damage, increased soil erosion, and disruption of the ecological balance.

[0003] To reduce the occurrence of natural disasters in mines and ensure ecological balance, ecological restoration is necessary after mining operations are completed. Mine ecological restoration can be achieved through two methods: natural restoration and artificial restoration. Natural restoration is slow and prone to natural disasters; therefore, artificial restoration is required in most cases. Among the ecological restoration processes, the restoration of steep mine slopes is the most difficult because steep slopes are prone to soil erosion, which is detrimental to vegetation growth.

[0004] There are multiple ways to achieve ecological restoration of steep slopes in existing technologies, but they all require complex reinforcement structures and planting vegetation after reinforcement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a simple, easy-to-operate, and cost-effective method for vegetation greening on steep slopes in mines.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is: a method for vegetation greening of steep slopes in mine restoration, using a steep slope vegetation planting device;

[0007] The steep slope vegetation planting device includes a fixing device, a reinforcing net, and a drainage pipe; the fixing device includes a fixing plate and a prefabricated anchor rod; the bottom of the fixing plate is provided with a boss; a fixing hole penetrating the boss is provided in the middle of the fixing plate; one end of the prefabricated anchor rod is inserted into the fixing hole;

[0008] The fixed plate is provided with outwardly extending guide grooves that are evenly distributed along the circumference; a hook is provided at one end of the guide groove; the guide groove is connected to one end of the drainage pipe; and a drainage hole is provided on the bottom surface of the drainage pipe.

[0009] It also includes the following steps:

[0010] S1. Drill installation holes at the top of the steep slope to match the precast anchor rods;

[0011] S2. Install the fixing plate at the location of the drilling holes; fix the fixing plate by driving the prefabricated anchor rods into the drilling holes; add soil to the fixing plate; plant ivy in the soil;

[0012] S3. Hang the reinforcing net on the hook of the fixed plate; install the fixing device between the two reinforcing nets; that is, install the fixing device by drilling holes on the steep slope through the hung reinforcing net; tighten the two adjacent reinforcing nets through the fixing device;

[0013] S4. Install drainage pipes between two adjacent fixing devices; hang turf on the reinforcing net; the turf should be located below the drainage pipes;

[0014] S5. Install a fixing device at the lower end of the reinforcing mesh; tighten the processing mesh using the fixing devices at the top and bottom of the processing mesh;

[0015] S6. Add soil to the fixing plate in each fixing device, plant ivy, and complete the planting of vegetation on the slope.

[0016] Furthermore, in step S4, vegetation is planted by attaching planting devices to the reinforced netting;

[0017] The planting device includes a wall-mounted bucket and a guide tube; the bottom of the wall-mounted bucket is provided with an inclined surface; the upper part of the inclined surface is provided with a root-penetrating hole; and crack guide slits are provided on both sides of the root-penetrating hole.

[0018] The root-penetrating holes have two rows, with crack guide seams connecting one side of two adjacent root-penetrating holes in the upper or lower row;

[0019] The crack guide seams on one side of the root-penetrating holes at both ends of the upper row extend downwards; the crack guide seams on one side of the root-penetrating holes at both ends of the lower row extend upwards; and are aligned with the crack guide seams of the corresponding root-penetrating holes in the upper row, with a spacing D between the two crack guide seams of 5±0.5mm.

[0020] The upper end of the inclined surface is provided with second hooks on both sides; the lower end of the inclined surface is provided with a fixing block; the fixing block is provided with a through hole;

[0021] The guide tube has a curved neck; one end of the guide tube is detachably connected to the upper end of the wall-mounted tub.

[0022] Furthermore, the upper end of the wall-mounted tub is provided with a connecting boss; one end of the guide tube is engaged with the connecting boss; and the other end of the guide tube is provided with a flared opening.

[0023] Furthermore, a grouting hole is provided in the middle of the precast anchor rod, and a grout outlet hole communicating with the grouting hole is provided at the lower end of the precast anchor rod;

[0024] The process of installing the fixing device in steps S2, S3 and S5 also includes the following steps: after inserting the precast anchor rod into the installation hole, injecting concrete into the precast anchor rod through the grouting hole of the precast anchor rod; the grouting pressure is 1.5~2.0Mpa.

[0025] Furthermore, the drainage tube is made of flexible tubing.

[0026] Furthermore, the fixing plate is made of precast concrete and steel bars.

[0027] Furthermore, a filter screen is installed at the upper opening of the drainage tube.

[0028] Furthermore, the lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod is tapered.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0030] The vegetation greening method for mine restoration steep slopes described in this invention achieves slope coverage through fixing devices and reinforcement nets. It has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and can effectively reduce costs.

[0031] Secondly, by adding soil to the fixing plate of the fixing device to plant ivy, it is beneficial to achieve rapid greening of vegetation on the steep slope of the mine; at the same time, it is convenient to keep the steep slope of the mine moist and avoid soil erosion.

[0032] Furthermore, by setting up drainage pipes between the fixed plates of adjacent fixed devices to guide the flow of rainwater, it is possible to avoid natural disasters such as mudslides, facilitate the provision of water for planting vegetation on steep slopes, and make it easier for artificial irrigation. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the steep slope vegetation planting device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a front view of the steep slope vegetation planting device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a perspective view of the fixing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is an exploded schematic diagram of the fixing device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a perspective view of the drainage tube in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a perspective view of the prefabricated anchor bolt in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the planting device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the planting device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 9 This is a front view of the planting device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 AA section view;

[0043] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the through hole on the inclined surface in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] The diagram shows: 100-fixing device, 110-fixing plate, 111-guide groove, 112-hook, 120-prefabricated anchor rod, 121-grouting hole, 122-grout outlet hole, 200-reinforcing mesh, 300-drainage pipe, 310-drainage hole, 400-turf; 500-planting device, 510-wall-mounted bucket, 511-inclined surface, 512-fixing block, 513-second hook, 514-through hole, 515-root hole, 516-connecting boss, 517-crack guide joint, 520-guide cylinder, 521-flare mouth. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0046] The method for vegetation greening steep slopes in mine restoration described in this invention employs a steep slope vegetation planting device; such as... Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the steep slope vegetation planting device includes a fixing device 100, a reinforcing net 200, and a drainage pipe 300.

[0047] The main function of the fixing device 100 is to achieve fixed installation on steep slopes; specifically, the fixing device 100 includes a fixing plate 110 and a prefabricated anchor rod 120; the bottom of the fixing plate 110 is provided with a boss 113; a fixing hole 114 penetrating the boss 113 is provided in the middle of the fixing plate 110; one end of the prefabricated anchor rod 120 is inserted into the fixing hole 114.

[0048] The main function of the fixing plate 110 is to provide a soil container for planting vegetation, and it also plays a certain role in water retention. Specifically, the fixing plate 110 is provided with guide grooves 111 that extend outward and are evenly distributed along the circumference; a hook 112 is provided at one end of the guide groove 111; the prefabricated hook 112 facilitates the installation of the reinforcement net 200, making the installation of the reinforcement net 200 quick and easy.

[0049] During the specific installation process of the fixing device 100, the prefabricated anchor rod 120 is inserted into the fixing hole 114 by drilling an installation hole at the installation position, thereby achieving the installation of the fixing device 100. Furthermore, after the prefabricated anchor rod 120 is inserted into the installation hole, concrete can be poured into the gap to achieve reinforcement.

[0050] The main function of the reinforcement net 200 is to reinforce steep slopes, prevent rocks from rolling down the slopes, and provide support points for planting vegetation on the steep slopes. Specifically, the reinforcement net 200 can be made of wire mesh, such as gabion mesh.

[0051] The main function of the drainage pipe 300 is to guide rainwater on the steep slope and to unclog and guide the water stored in the fixing plate 110; it also allows for the rational distribution of water on the steep slope. Specifically, the guide groove 111 is connected to one end of the drainage pipe 300; the bottom surface of the drainage pipe 300 is provided with drainage holes 310; by providing drainage holes 310, the water held in the fixing plate 110 can be guided to other locations on the steep slope, thereby facilitating the provision of water to vegetation in other locations on the steep slope and improving the vegetation growth environment. Specifically, both the fixing plate 110 and the precast anchor rod 120 are precast concrete reinforced concrete.

[0052] The method for vegetation restoration and greening of steep slopes in mines according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0053] 1. Drill installation holes at the top of the steep slope to match the precast anchor rod 120;

[0054] Specifically, the construction workers use a drilling device, such as a wall drilling machine, to drill holes; and dig an installation groove in the installation hole that matches the bottom boss of the installation plate 110.

[0055] 2. Install the fixing plate 110 at the location of the installation hole; fix the fixing plate 110 by driving the prefabricated anchor rod 120 into the installation hole. The prefabricated anchor rod 120 is provided with a grouting hole 121 in the middle position, and the lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod 120 is provided with a grout outlet hole 122 communicating with the grouting hole 121.

[0056] After the precast anchor rod 120 is inserted into the installation hole, concrete is injected into the precast anchor rod 120 through the grouting hole 121; the grouting pressure is 1.5~2.0Mpa.

[0057] Then, add soil to the fixing plate; plant ivy in the soil; the ivy can spread along the reinforcement net, thus making it easy to cover the steep slope by planting ivy.

[0058] 3. Hang the reinforcing net 200 on the hook 112 of the fixing plate 110; install the fixing device 100 between the two reinforcing nets; that is, install the fixing device 100 by drilling holes in the steep slope through the hung reinforcing net 200; the specific method of installing the fixing device 100 is the same as the method of installing the fixing plate 110 in step 2. Tighten the two adjacent reinforcing nets 200 with the fixing device 100; by tightening the reinforcing net 200, the falling of gravel on the steep slope is reduced.

[0059] 4. Install a drainage pipe 300 between two adjacent fixed devices 100; hang turf 400 on the reinforcing net 200; the turf 400 is located below the drainage pipe 300; by setting up the drainage pipe 300, it is easy to guide rainwater and avoid the formation of rainwater ditches on steep slopes, which would cause soil erosion.

[0060] Furthermore, a planting device 500 is installed on the reinforcing net 200 to plant vegetation; the planting device 500 includes a wall-mounted bucket 510 and a guide tube 520; the main function of the wall-mounted bucket 510 is to suspend on the steep slope and hold the planting soil, and also to play a certain role in water storage.

[0061] Specifically, the bottom of the wall-mounted tub 510 is provided with an inclined surface 511; the upper part of the inclined surface 511 is provided with a root-penetrating hole 515; thus, a water-storing cavity is formed between the inclined surface 511 and the bottom of the inner cavity of the wall-mounted tub 510, facilitating water storage. Second hooks 513 are provided on both sides of the upper end of the inclined surface 511; the second hooks 513 facilitate the suspension of the wall-mounted tub 510. A fixing block 512 is provided at the lower end of the inclined surface 511; the fixing block 512 is provided with a through hole 514; by using the fixing block 512, during installation, anchor nails are driven into the through hole 514, thereby facilitating the reinforcement of the connection between the wall-mounted tub 510 and the steep slope.

[0062] The main function of the guide tube 520 is to guide the planting of vegetation; specifically, the guide tube 520 has a curved neck; one end of the guide tube 520 is detachably connected to the upper end of the wall-mounted bucket 510.

[0063] To facilitate the installation of the guide tube 520 on the wall-mounted tub 510, specifically, the upper end of the wall-mounted tub 510 is provided with a connecting boss 516; one end of the guide tube 520 is engaged with the connecting boss 516. To facilitate the collection of rainwater, the other end of the guide tube 520 is further provided with a flared opening 521.

[0064] To facilitate the extension of the root system to the steep slope after the vegetation has grown for a period of time, specifically, crack guide slits 517 are provided on both sides of the root-penetrating hole 515; the root-penetrating hole 515 has two rows, and the crack guide slits 517 on one side of two adjacent root-penetrating holes 515 in the upper or lower row are connected.

[0065] The crack guide slits 517 on one side of the root holes 515 at both ends of the upper row extend downward; the crack guide slits 517 on one side of the root holes 515 at both ends of the lower row extend upward; and are aligned with the crack guide slits 517 of the corresponding root holes 515 in the upper row, with a distance D between the two crack guide slits 517 being 5±0.5mm.

[0066] Because crack guide slits 517 are set on both sides of the root-penetrating hole 515, when the vegetation root system develops, it will push open the crack guide slits 517 around the root-penetrating hole 515. At the same time, because the crack guide slits 517 on one side of the root-penetrating hole 515 at both ends of the upper row extend downwards, and the crack guide slits 517 on one side of the root-penetrating hole 515 at both ends of the lower row extend upwards, and are aligned with the crack guide slits 517 of the corresponding upper row root-penetrating hole 515, the distance D between the two crack guide slits 517 is 5±0.5mm. Therefore, after the crack guide slits 517 are pushed open, it is easy to push out a large hole in the inclined surface 511, which facilitates the implantation of vegetation roots into the steep slope, thus reinforcing the steep slope and conserving water and soil.

[0067] 5. Install a fixing device 100 at the lower end of the reinforcing mesh 200; tighten the processing mesh 200 by using the fixing devices 100 at the top and bottom of the processing mesh 200.

[0068] 6. Add soil to the fixing plate 110 in each fixing device 100, plant ivy, and complete the planting of vegetation on the slope.

[0069] In summary, the vegetation greening method for mine restoration steep slopes described in this invention achieves slope coverage through fixing devices and reinforcement nets. It has a simple structure, is easy to construct, and can effectively reduce costs.

[0070] Secondly, by adding soil to the fixing plate of the fixing device to plant ivy, it is beneficial to achieve rapid greening of vegetation on the steep slope of the mine; at the same time, it is convenient to keep the steep slope of the mine moist and avoid soil erosion.

[0071] Furthermore, by setting up drainage pipes between the fixed plates of adjacent fixed devices to guide the flow of rainwater, it is possible to avoid natural disasters such as mudslides, facilitate the provision of water for planting vegetation on steep slopes, and make it easier for artificial irrigation.

[0072] In one feasible embodiment, to facilitate the arrangement of the guide tube 300 on a steep slope, the guide tube 300 is further described as a flexible tube.

[0073] In one feasible embodiment, in order to simplify construction and reduce costs, the fixing plate 110 is further made of precast concrete and steel reinforcement.

[0074] In one feasible embodiment, a filter screen is provided at the upper opening of the drainage tube 300 to prevent blockage.

[0075] In one feasible embodiment, to improve the stability of the fixing device 100 structure, a grouting hole 121 is further provided at the middle position of the prefabricated anchor rod 120, and a grout outlet hole 122 communicating with the grouting hole 121 is provided at the lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod 120. The lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod 120 is tapered.

Claims

1. A method for vegetation greening on steep slopes in mine restoration, characterized by: Steep slope vegetation planting device; The steep slope vegetation planting device includes a fixing device (100), a reinforcing net (200), and a drainage pipe (300); the fixing device (100) includes a fixing plate (110) and a prefabricated anchor rod (120); a boss (113) is provided at the bottom of the fixing plate (110); a fixing hole (114) penetrating the boss (113) is provided in the middle of the fixing plate (110); one end of the prefabricated anchor rod (120) is inserted into the fixing hole (114); The fixed plate (110) is provided with guide grooves (111) that extend outward and are evenly distributed along the circumference; a hook (112) is provided at one end of the guide groove (111); the guide groove (111) is connected to one end of the drainage pipe (300); and a drain hole (310) is provided on the bottom surface of the drainage pipe (300). It also includes the following steps: S1. Drill installation holes at the top of the steep slope so that the installation holes match the precast anchor rods (120); S2. Install the fixing plate (110) at the location of the installation hole; fix the fixing plate (110) by driving the prefabricated anchor rod (120) into the installation hole; add soil to the fixing plate; plant ivy in the soil; S3. Hang the reinforcing net (200) on the hook (112) of the fixed plate (110); install the fixing device (100) between the two reinforcing nets; that is, drill holes on the steep slope to install the fixing device (100) by hanging the reinforcing net (200); tighten the two adjacent reinforcing nets (200) by fixing device (100); S4. Install a drainage pipe (300) between two adjacent fixing devices (100); hang turf (400) on the reinforcing net (200); the turf (400) is located below the drainage pipe (300); S5. Install a fixing device (100) at the lower end of the reinforcing mesh (200); tighten the reinforcing mesh (200) by using the fixing devices (100) at the top and bottom of the reinforcing mesh (200); S6. Add soil to the fixing plate (110) in each fixing device (100) and plant ivy to complete the planting of slope vegetation.

2. The method for vegetation greening of steep slopes in mine restoration as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, vegetation is planted by hanging planting devices (500) on the reinforcing net (200); The planting device (500) includes a wall-mounted bucket (510) and a guide tube (520); the bottom of the wall-mounted bucket (510) is provided with an inclined surface (511); the upper part of the inclined surface (511) is provided with a root-penetrating hole (515); and crack guide slits (517) are provided on both sides of the root-penetrating hole (515). The perforation hole (515) has two rows, with crack guide seams (517) connecting one side of two adjacent perforation holes (515) in the upper or lower row; The crack guide seam (517) on one side of the root hole (515) at both ends of the upper row extends downward; the crack guide seam (517) on one side of the root hole (515) at both ends of the lower row extends upward; and is aligned with the crack guide seam (517) of the corresponding root hole (515) in the upper row, with a distance D between the two crack guide seams (517) being 5±0.5mm. The upper end of the inclined surface (511) is provided with two second hooks (513); the lower end of the inclined surface (511) is provided with a fixing block (512); the fixing block (512) is provided with a through hole (514). The guide tube (520) has a curved neck; one end of the guide tube (520) is detachably connected to the upper end of the wall-mounted tub (510).

3. The method for vegetation greening of steep slopes in mine restoration as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The wall-mounted tub (510) is provided with a connecting boss (516) at the upper end; one end of the guide tube (520) is engaged with the connecting boss (516); the other end of the guide tube (520) is provided with a flared mouth (521).

4. The method for vegetation greening of steep slopes in mine restoration as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The precast anchor rod (120) has a grouting hole (121) in the middle position, and the precast anchor rod (120) has a grout outlet hole (122) at the lower end that communicates with the grouting hole (121). During the installation of the fixing device in steps S2, S3 and S5, the following steps are also included: after inserting the precast anchor rod (120) into the installation hole, concrete is injected into the precast anchor rod (120) through the grouting hole (121) of the precast anchor rod (120); the grouting pressure is 1.5~2.0Mpa.

5. The method for vegetation greening of steep slopes in mine restoration as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The drainage tube (300) is made of flexible tubing.

6. The method for vegetation greening on steep slopes in mine restoration as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The fixed plate (110) is made of precast concrete and steel bars.

7. The method for vegetation greening of steep slopes in mine restoration as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A filter screen is installed at the upper opening of the drainage tube (300).

8. The method for vegetation greening of steep slopes in mine restoration as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The lower end of the prefabricated anchor rod (120) is tapered.

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