A method for cultivating Qiong bamboo shoots and bamboo in rows

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of bamboo forest cultivation, and discloses a method for cultivating Qiongzhu bamboo and bamboo shoots separately. By carrying out separate cultivation management on the Qiongzhu bamboo forest to be cultivated, it can achieve the dual growth of Qiongzhu bamboo and bamboo shoots and bamboo materials at the same time. Through the combing and cutting of the underground rhizomes, the shoot emergence rate and the bamboo material yield can be effectively improved, so that the bamboo shoot and bamboo material yields of the Qiongzhu bamboo forest increase by more than 30% year by year on the original basis, and by the third year, the shoot and bamboo material yields can increase by more than 120%, achieving the goals of stable and high-yield production. The bamboo shoots and bamboo materials are concentrated in the early and late shoot stages in the first row. The bamboo shoots emerging during the middle shoot stage are retained and cultivated into mother bamboo. All the bamboo shoots emerging during the entire shoot emergence period, including the early, middle, and late shoot stages, in the second row are dug out, that is, only the bamboo shoots and bamboo materials are cultivated for consumption. The Qiongzhu bamboo in the first row is felled once a year for the 3-year-old Qiongzhu bamboo poles, providing materials for the production of various Qiongzhu bamboo furniture and other crafts.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo forest cultivation, and in particular relates to a method for cultivating bamboo shoots and branches of bamboo. Background Art

[0002] Qiongzhuea tumidissinoda is a bamboo species of the genus Qiongzhu of the subfamily Bambusoideae of the Poaceae family. It is also known as Fu Lao bamboo and Luohan bamboo. It is a small and medium-sized mixed bamboo species and belongs to the national third-level protected bamboo species. It is unique to the southwest region. Its natural distribution is limited to the narrow strip of land along the lower reaches of the Jinsha River in Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. As the modern distribution center of Qiongzhu, Zhaotong City's Qiongzhu resources account for more than 80% of the world's total Qiongzhu area. Qiongzhu culms are 2 to 8 meters high, with a breast diameter of 0.5 to 3.1 meters. The internodes are cylindrical. The shoot period of Qiongzhu is from March to April, the flowering period is from March to April, and the fruit period is from April to May. Qiongzhu shoots are sweet, fresh and tender, with superior quality. They are known as the "king of bamboo shoots". In recent years, the average market purchase price is 7 yuan / jin. The bamboo stalks are the best raw materials for making furniture, canes, daily necessities, high-end handicrafts and decorations. In recent years, the market purchase price of bamboo stalks with a diameter of more than 2.0 is 11 yuan per stalk, the average price of bamboo stalks with a diameter of 1.5 to 1.8 is 5 yuan per stalk, and the average price of bamboo stalks with a diameter of less than 1.5 is 6-8 yuan per stalk. Among them, three-year-old bamboo stalks are the most in-demand bamboo material in the market. However, the traditional production management of bamboo stalks is extensive, which has led to a year-on-year decrease in the yield and quality of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials, an increase in the number of bamboo stalks and bamboo shoots affected by diseases and insect pests, an increase in the density of disease and insect pest populations, and a significant decrease in the growth of bamboo materials and the yield of bamboo shoots.

[0003] At present, the Qiongzhu forest is usually only tended by cutting down old bamboos, adjusting the age structure of bamboo forests and applying fertilizers, so as to increase the yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials, but the operation is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In the first year of using the above method, the yield of bamboo shoots in the Qiongzhu forest increased by 34.2%, and the yield of bamboo materials increased by 28.5%. In the second year, the yield of bamboo shoots in the Qiongzhu forest increased by 26%, and the yield of bamboo materials increased by about 39.5%. In the third year, the yield of bamboo shoots increased by 37%, and the yield of bamboo materials increased by about 112.2%. It can be seen that the yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in the existing methods is unstable, and it is impossible to achieve a stable and high yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials, and it fails to achieve the purpose of cultivating sustainable bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in the Qiongzhu forest. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for cultivating bamboo shoots and bamboo branches of Phyllostachys truncatula.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the specific technical solutions of the present invention are as follows.

[0006] A method for cultivating bamboo shoots of bamboo branches, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Arrange the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated into a first row and a second row adjacent to each other; the sum of the widths of the first row and the second row is less than the average height of the Qiongzhu forest;

[0008] The width of the first row is 1 / 2 of the width of the second row, and the width of the first row is not less than 60 cm to avoid affecting manual management; the bamboo forest to be cultivated refers to the low-yield and low-efficiency bamboo forest of Qiongzhu.

[0009] Fully cut down all the Qiongzhu bamboo forests above the ground in the first row, comb and cut the underground stems to promote the shoot emergence rate and bamboo yield in the current year. After the cutting is completed, conduct complete reclamation of the land, fertilize, cover the soil, and harmlessly treat the diseased and damaged bamboo. Sell the 3-year-old bamboo materials that meet the market demand.

[0010] S2. Early shoot stage, that is, from the start of shoot emergence to the 10th day; pick all the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the second row, and dig all the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row; the bamboo shoots emerged during the early shoot stage are the bamboo shoots that have emerged 30 cm to 40 cm out of the ground.

[0011] Mid-shoot stage, that is, from the 11th day to the 25th day of shoot emergence: dig all the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the second row during the mid-shoot stage; retain the bamboo shoots emerged in the first row and cultivate them into bamboo.

[0012] Late shoot stage, that is, from the 26th day of shoot emergence to the end of shoot emergence in the current year: dig all the bamboo shoots that have emerged 30 cm to 40 cm out of the ground in both the first row and the second row.

[0013] S3. Repeat the steps of S1 to S2 in the second and third years to cultivate the bamboo forest and complete the cultivation of Qiongzhu bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in separate rows.

[0014] Among them, the felling is carried out along the contour line of the mountain or in the north-south direction on flat ground.

[0015] Through the cultivation and management of the Qiongzhu bamboo forest to be cultivated in separate rows, the invention can simultaneously achieve the double growth of Qiongzhu and bamboo shoots and materials. The bamboo shoots and materials are concentrated in the early shoot stage and the late shoot stage in the first row. By retaining the bamboo shoots emerged during the mid-shoot stage, they are cultivated into mother bamboo. All the bamboo shoots emerged during the entire shoot emergence period of the early shoot stage, mid-shoot stage, and late shoot stage in the second row are dug, that is, only cultivated into bamboo shoots and materials for consumption. The Qiongzhu is concentrated in the first row, and the 3-year-old Qiongzhu bamboo poles are felled once a year, providing materials for the production of various Qiongzhu furniture and other crafts.

[0016] Preferably, the density of the Qiongzhu bamboo forest in both the first row and the second row in S1 is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

[0017] By regulating the density of Qiongzhu in the first row, not only can the internal light of the entire Qiongzhu bamboo forest be sufficient, reducing the nutrient competition between bamboo forest belts and affecting the later growth of bamboo. The cut bamboo poles are basically retained in the bamboo forest, and the removal cost is high. In production practice, the utilization rate of bamboo materials is low, the amount of mis-cutting and missed cutting is large, and the risk of bamboo forest diseases and pests is increased.

[0018] Preferably, the specific process of combing and cutting the rhizomes in S1 is as follows:

[0019] Keep the one-year-old rhizomes and cut off the two-year-old and older rhizomes.

[0020] Qiongzhu belongs to medium and small-sized mixed bamboo species, and mainly expands its living space and increases the number of ramets through clonal growth. The number of bamboo shoots it produces is most closely related to the growth of rhizomes of two- to three-year-old ramets. Moreover, the annual growth length of the rhizomes and the number of bamboo shoot buds formed directly affect the bamboo shoot emergence rate and bamboo formation rate in the current year. Therefore, the growth management of Qiongzhu rhizomes directly affects the health of Qiongzhu forests and the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo. By keeping the one-year-old rhizomes and cutting off the two-year-old and older rhizomes, the growth of the rhizomes can be effectively repaired, thus significantly improving the bamboo shoot emergence rate and bamboo formation rate.

[0021] Preferably, in the middle bamboo shoot period in S2, the density of the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

[0022] Preferably, the initial bamboo shoot period in S2 is from the start of bamboo shoot emergence to the 10th day; the middle bamboo shoot period is from the 11th day to the 25th day of bamboo shoot emergence; the late bamboo shoot period is from the 26th day to the end of bamboo shoot emergence in the current year.

[0023] Preferably, after the rhizomes in S2 are combed and cut, fertilization is also included, and the fertilizers applied are at least one of farm organic fertilizers and compound fertilizers.

[0024] Preferably, the application rate of the farm organic fertilizer is 4.5 kg / m 2 ~5 kg / m 2 ; the application rate of the compound fertilizer is 0.5 kg / m 2 ~0.7 kg / m 2 .

[0025] Preferably, cultivating the bamboo forest in S3 also includes pest and disease control. The specific method for pest and disease control of Qiongzhu bamboo forest is as follows:

[0026] Hang black lights around the Qiongzhu bamboo forest to control pests and diseases. Most of the pests that cause great harm to the degraded Qiongzhu bamboo forest are Lepidoptera pests. Hanging black lights beside the bamboo forest to trap the adult Lepidoptera pests can achieve the goal of pest control.

[0027] Burn the cut bamboo culms or make them into bamboo charcoal, that is, harmless treatment. By carrying out harmless treatment on the cut bamboo culms, the number of pest sources can be effectively reduced, and the occurrence of pests and diseases can be greatly prevented. Especially after the harmless treatment, the incidence of Qiongzhu sooty mold and rust can be reduced.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] (1) By carrying out row cultivation management on the Qiongzhu bamboo forest to be cultivated, the present invention can simultaneously achieve the dual growth of Qiongzhu bamboo and bamboo shoots and materials. By combing and cutting the underground stems, the shoot emergence rate and bamboo material yield can be effectively improved, so that the yields of bamboo shoots and materials and Qiongzhu bamboo in the Qiongzhu bamboo forest can increase by more than 30% year by year on the original basis. By the third year, the yields of bamboo shoots and materials and Qiongzhu bamboo can increase by more than 120%, achieving the goals of stable and high yields.

[0030] (2) By carrying out harmless treatment on the cut bamboo culms, the present invention can effectively reduce the number of pest and disease sources and reduce the incidence of sooty mold and rust in the Qiongzhu bamboo forest. Hanging black lights beside the bamboo forest to trap and kill the adults of Lepidoptera pests can achieve the purpose of pest control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the method for row cultivation of Qiongzhu bamboo shoots and bamboo; A is a schematic diagram of bamboo cutting in the Qiongzhu bamboo forest to be cultivated from October to November in the first year, where the first row is c and the second row is a + b; B is a schematic diagram of bamboo cutting in the cultivated Qiongzhu bamboo forest from October to November in the second year, the first row is c and the second row is a + b; C is a schematic diagram of bamboo cutting in the cultivated Qiongzhu bamboo forest from October to November in the third year, the first row is b and the second row is x + a or c + x; D is a schematic diagram of bamboo shoot harvesting in the Qiongzhu bamboo forest to be cultivated. In the first year, that is, in March to April of the year following bamboo cutting, 3 to 4 bamboo shoots per square meter in the first row c are reserved 2 ~4 plants / m 2 , and all Qiongzhu bamboo shoots that reach the harvesting specification in the second row a + b are harvested; F is a schematic diagram of bamboo shoot harvesting in the Qiongzhu bamboo forest to be cultivated. In the second year, that is, in March to April of the year following bamboo cutting, 3 to 4 bamboo shoots per square meter in the first row a are reserved 2 ~4 plants / m 2 , and all Qiongzhu bamboo shoots that reach the harvesting specification in the second row b + c are harvested; E is a schematic diagram of bamboo shoot harvesting in the Qiongzhu bamboo forest to be cultivated. In the third year, that is, in March to April of the year following bamboo cutting, 3 to 4 bamboo shoots per square meter in the first row b are reserved 2 ~4 plants / m 2 , and all Qiongzhu bamboo shoots that reach the harvesting specification in the second row x + a or c + x are harvested. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] The following will combine with the specific implementation of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] The methods described in the embodiments of the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, etc. used can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

[0034] In the process of managing the Qiongzhu forest, due to the long-term extensive management, the bamboos of different ages in the Qiongzhu forest are not structurally fit, which leads to the decrease in the yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials year by year, the increase in the number of pests and diseases, the increase in the density of pests and diseases, and the significant decrease in the growth of bamboo materials and the yield of bamboo shoots. In order to increase the yield of the Qiongzhu forest, the yield of bamboo shoots in the Qiongzhu forest is usually increased by simple tending.

[0035] At present, the commonly used cultivation method is to cut down old bamboos and apply fertilizers according to the high-yield cultivation technology requirements of Qiongzhu forests, as the age structure of bamboo stalks that make up the Qiongzhu forest per unit area is quite different from the structure of high-yield Qiongzhu forests. However, the above method is difficult to restore the growth of Qiongzhu forests and the yield of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in a short period of time, and this method cannot achieve stable and high yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in Qiongzhu forests, and the entire cultivation process consumes a lot of manpower and material resources.

[0036] The invention realizes a reasonable bamboo forest age structure ratio and bamboo material sales demand of the Qiongzhu forest by carrying out branch cultivation management on the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated, and gradually cuts down the mature bamboos required by the market in the bamboo forest belt for three years, so that the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated can not only improve the photosynthetic efficiency and bamboo forest growth, but also increase the Qiongzhu forest's ability to resist pests and diseases, wind and snow, and overturning. Then, by covering the soil and applying fertilizers, combing and cutting the underground stems, the bamboo shoot rate and the yield of bamboo materials are increased, the bamboo shoot yield of the Qiongzhu forest is stabilized, so as to achieve stable and high yield of the Qiongzhu forest, and realize sustainable use of bamboo shoots.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A method for cultivating bamboo branches of bamboo shoots of Psoralea corylifolia, as Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0039] S1. From September to November, the Qiongzhu forest to be cultivated is arranged into adjacent first and second rows, and the sum of the widths of the first and second rows is less than the average height of the Qiongzhu forest; among which, the width of the first row is 60 cm, and the width of the second row is 120 cm.

[0040] The specific operation process of the first row is as follows: after felling all the bamboo forests on the first row along the mountain contour line, the land is fully cultivated and tilled to a depth of 20 cm. During tillage, the underground stems are combed, and the one-year-old underground stems are retained and buried on the spot. The underground stems of two years and above are cut and buried on the spot. After the underground stems are combed and cut, the soil is irrigated with 5 kg / m 2 The fertilizer is spread at a dosage of 500 kg / m2 Farmyard organic fertilizer

[0041] After the cut bamboo culms are concentrated and removed from the bamboo forest, they are burned or made into bamboo charcoal. The above methods can effectively reduce the number of pest sources and greatly prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. Especially by removing the cut bamboo culms and performing harmless treatment, the incidence of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda sooty mold and rust can be reduced.

[0042] Among them, the density of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda bamboo forests in the first row and the second row is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

[0043] S2. Initial shoot stage, that is, from the start of shooting to the 10th day: All bamboo shoots that emerge 20 cm ± 1 cm in the first row and the second row are completely dug.

[0044] Medium shoot stage, that is, from the 11th day to the 25th day of shooting: All bamboo shoots that emerge 20 cm ± 1 cm in the second row are completely dug; the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row are retained, and the density of strong bamboo culms is 3 - 4 plants / m 2 , and they are cultivated into bamboo, and the rest of the bamboo shoots that emerge 20 cm ± 1 cm are completely dug.

[0045] Late shoot stage, that is, from the 25th day of shooting to the end of shooting in the current year, all newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row and the second row are completely dug.

[0046] S3. In the second and third years, repeat steps S1 - S2 to complete the separate cultivation of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda bamboo shoots and bamboo; and black lights are hung beside the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda bamboo forest to trap and kill the adults of Lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of pest control.

[0047] Using the above method, through three years, the dual - use cultivation of bamboo shoots and bamboo for the original low - yield and low - efficiency Qiongzhuea tumidinoda bamboo forest can be completely achieved. During the three - year cultivation period, the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo in the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda bamboo forest increase by more than 30% year by year on the basis of the original yield. By the third year, the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo can increase by more than 120%.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A method for separate cultivation of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda bamboo shoots and bamboo, comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1. From September to November, the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda bamboo forest to be cultivated is configured into adjacent first row and second row, and the sum of the widths of the first row and the second row is less than the average height of the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda bamboo forest; among them, the width of the first row is 100 cm, and the width of the second row is 200 cm.

[0051] The specific operation process of the first row is as follows: Along the direction of the mountain contour line, after cutting down all the Qiongzhu forests on the first row, carry out full reclamation and land preparation with a tillage depth of 20 cm. During tillage, comb the rhizomes, retain the one-year-old rhizomes, and bury them in place. Cut and bury the two-year-old and older rhizomes in the ground on the spot. After completing the combing and cutting of the rhizomes, apply fertilizers at a rate of 5.5 kg / m 2 After the fertilizer application is completed, carry out soil covering treatment with a soil covering thickness of 10 cm. Among them, the fertilizer is a mixture of 5 kg / m 2 of farmyard organic fertilizer and 0.5 kg / m 2 of compound fertilizer. The compound fertilizer is a commonly used fertilizer on the market, and the present invention will not elaborate on the compound fertilizer anymore.

[0052] After cutting down the bamboo poles, concentrate and move them out of the bamboo forest, and then burn them or make them into bamboo charcoal; the above method can effectively reduce the number of pest sources and can greatly prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. Especially by removing the cut bamboo poles and carrying out harmless treatment, the incidence of Qiongzhu sooty mold and rust can be reduced.

[0053] Among them, the density of Qiongzhu forests in the first row and the second row is both 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

[0054] S2. Initial shoot stage, that is, from the start of shooting to the 10th day: Dig all the bamboo shoots that have emerged 20 cm ± 1 cm in the first row and the second row.

[0055] Medium shoot stage, that is, from the 11th day to the 25th day of shooting: Dig all the bamboo shoots that have emerged 20 cm ± 1 cm in the second row; retain the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row, and the density of strong bamboo poles is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 , cultivate them into bamboo, and dig all the remaining bamboo shoots that have emerged 20 cm ± 1 cm.

[0056] Late shoot stage, that is, from the 25th day of shooting to the end of shooting in the current year, dig all the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row and the second row.

[0057] S3. In the second and third years, repeat steps S1~S2 to complete the separate cultivation of Qiongzhu bamboo shoots and bamboo; and hang black lights beside the Qiongzhu forest to trap and kill the adults of Lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of pest control.

[0058] By using the above method, through three years, the combined cultivation and tending treatment of the original low-yield and low-efficiency Qiongzhu bamboo forest can be completely achieved. During the three years of tending treatment, the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo in the Qiongzhu bamboo forest increase by more than 30% year by year on the basis of the original yields. By the third year, the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo can increase by more than 120%.

[0059] Example 3

[0060] A method for cultivating Qiongzhu bamboo shoots and bamboo in rows, comprising the following steps:

[0061] S1. From September to November, the Qiongzhu bamboo forest to be cultivated is configured into adjacent first row and second row, and the sum of the widths of the first row and the second row is less than the average height of the Qiongzhu bamboo forest; wherein, the width of the first row is 70 cm and the width of the second row is 140 cm.

[0062] The specific operation process of the first row is as follows: Along the contour line of the mountain, after cutting down all the bamboo materials on the first row, conduct full reclamation and land preparation, with a tillage depth of 20 cm. During tillage, comb the rhizomes, retain the 1-year-old rhizomes, and bury them in place. Cut the 2-year-old and older rhizomes in place and bury them underground. After completing the combing and cutting of the rhizomes, apply fertilizer at a rate of 5.5 kg / m 2 . After the fertilizer application is completed, conduct soil covering treatment, with a soil covering thickness of 8 cm; wherein, the fertilizer is a mixture of 5 kg / m 2 of farmyard organic fertilizer and 0.5 kg / m 2 of compound fertilizer.

[0063] After the cut bamboo poles are concentrated and removed from the bamboo forest, burn them or make them into bamboo charcoal; the above methods can effectively reduce the number of pest sources and can greatly prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. Especially by removing the cut bamboo poles and conducting harmless treatment, the incidence of Qiongzhu bamboo sooty mold and rust can be reduced.

[0064] Among them, the density of the Qiongzhu bamboo forest in both the first row and the second row is 3 plants / m 2 to 4 plants / m 2 .

[0065] S2. At the initial shoot stage, that is, from the start of shoot emergence to the 10th day: Dig all the bamboo shoots that have emerged 20 cm ± 1 cm in the first row and the second row.

[0066] At the middle shoot stage, that is, from the 11th day to the 25th day of shoot emergence: Dig all the bamboo shoots that have emerged 20 cm ± 1 cm in the second row; retain the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row, and the density of strong bamboo poles is 3 plants / m 2 to 4 plants / m 2 , cultivate them into bamboo, and dig all the remaining bamboo shoots that have emerged 20 cm ± 1 cm to the right.

[0067] At the late shoot emergence stage, that is, from the 25th day of shoot emergence to the end of shoot emergence in the current year, dig all the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row and the second row.

[0068] S3. In the second and third years, repeat steps S1 - S2 to complete the cultivation of Qiongzhu bamboo shoots and bamboo in rows; and hang black lights beside the Qiongzhu bamboo forest to trap and kill the adults of Lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of pest control.

[0069] By adopting the above method, the dual-purpose cultivation of bamboo shoots and bamboo can be fully achieved for the original low-yield and inefficient Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest within three years. During the three-year cultivation period, the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo in the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest increase by more than 30% year by year based on the original yields. By the third year, the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo can increase by more than 120%.

[0070] Example 4

[0071] A method for cultivating Qiongzhuea tumidinoda bamboo shoots and bamboo separately, comprising the following steps:

[0072] S1. From September to November, the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest to be cultivated is configured into adjacent first and second rows, and the sum of the widths of the first and second rows is less than the average height of the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest. Among them, the width of the first row is 80 cm, and the width of the second row is 160 cm.

[0073] The specific operation process of the first row is as follows: Along the contour line of the mountain, after cutting down all the bamboo in the first row, complete reclamation and tillage with a tillage depth of 20 cm. During tillage, comb the rhizomes, retain the one-year-old rhizomes, and bury them in place. Cut off and bury the two-year-old and older rhizomes in place underground. After completing the combing and cutting of the rhizomes, apply fertilizers at a rate of 5.5 kg / m 2 . After the fertilizer application is completed, carry out soil covering treatment with a soil covering thickness of 7 cm. Among them, the fertilizer is a mixture of 5 kg / m 2 of farmyard organic fertilizer and 0.5 kg / m 2 of compound fertilizer.

[0074] After cutting down the bamboo poles, concentrate and move them out of the forest, and then burn them or make them into bamboo charcoal. The above method can effectively reduce the number of pest sources and greatly prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. Especially by removing the cut bamboo poles and making harmless treatment, the incidence of sooty mold and rust of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda can be reduced.

[0075] Among them, the density of the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest in both the first and second rows is 3 to 4 plants / m 2 to 4 plants / m 2 .

[0076] S2. At the initial shoot stage, that is, from the start of shooting to the 10th day: Dig all the bamboo shoots that emerge 20 cm ± 1 cm in both the first and second rows.

[0077] At the middle shoot stage, that is, from the 11th day to the 25th day of shooting: Dig all the bamboo shoots that emerge 20 cm ± 1 cm in the second row; retain the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row, and the density of strong bamboo poles is 3 to 4 plants / m 2 , cultivate them into bamboo, and dig all the remaining bamboo shoots when they emerge about 20 cm.

[0078] In the late bamboo shoot emergence stage, that is, from the 25th day of bamboo shoot emergence to the end of bamboo shoot emergence in the current year, all newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row and the second row are completely dug.

[0079] S3. In the second and third years, repeat steps S1 - S2 to complete the cultivation of Qiong bamboo shoots and bamboo in separate rows; and hang black lights beside the Qiong bamboo forest to trap and kill the adults of Lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of pest control.

[0080] By adopting the above method, through three years, the combined cultivation and tending of bamboo shoots and bamboo in the original low - yield and low - efficiency Qiong bamboo forest can be completely achieved. During the three - year tending process, the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo in the Qiong bamboo forest increase by more than 30% year by year based on the original yields. By the third year, the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo can increase by more than 120%.

[0081] Example 5

[0082] A method for cultivating Qiong bamboo shoots and bamboo in separate rows includes the following steps:

[0083] S1. From September to November, configure the Qiong bamboo forest to be cultivated into adjacent first row and second row, and the sum of the widths of the first row and the second row is less than the average height of the Qiong bamboo forest; among them, the width of the first row is 90 cm and the width of the second row is 180 cm.

[0084] The specific operation process of the first row is as follows: Along the contour line of the mountain, after cutting down all the bamboo in the first row, carry out full - scale land preparation with a tillage depth of 20 cm. During tillage, comb the rhizomes, retain the one - year - old rhizomes and bury them in place, and cut and bury the two - year - old and above - two - year - old rhizomes in the ground on the spot. After completing the combing and cutting of the rhizomes, apply fertilizer at a rate of 5.5 kg / m 2 . After the fertilizer application is completed, carry out soil covering treatment with a soil covering thickness of 5 cm. Among them, the fertilizer is a mixture of 5 kg / m 2 of farmyard organic fertilizer and 0.5 kg / m 2 of compound fertilizer.

[0085] After the cut bamboo poles are concentrated and removed from the bamboo forest, they are burned or made into bamboo charcoal; the above method can effectively reduce the number of pest sources and can greatly prevent the occurrence of pests and diseases. Especially by removing the cut bamboo poles and carrying out harmless treatment, the incidence of Qiong bamboo sooty mold and rust can be reduced.

[0086] Among them, the density of the Qiong bamboo forest in both the first row and the second row is 3 plants / m 2 -4 plants / m 2 .

[0087] S2. In the early bamboo shoot stage, that is, from the start of bamboo shoot emergence to the 10th day: Dig all the bamboo shoots that have emerged 20 cm ± 1 cm in the first row and the second row.

[0088] Medium shoot period, i.e., from the 11th day to the 25th day of shoot emergence: All bamboo shoots in the second row that have emerged 20 cm ± 1 cm above the ground are all dug; the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row are retained, and the density of strong bamboo poles is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 are cultivated into bamboo, and the remaining bamboo shoots that have emerged 20 cm above the ground can be all dug 2 immediately.

[0089] Late shoot emergence period, i.e., from the 25th day of shoot emergence to the end of shoot emergence in the current year, all newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row and the second row are all dug.

[0090] S3. In the second and third years, repeat steps S1 - S2 to complete the cultivation of separating bamboo shoots and bamboo materials of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda; and hang black lights beside the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest to trap and kill the adults of Lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of pest control.

[0091] By using the above method, through three years, the dual-purpose cultivation of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials for the original low-yield and low-efficiency Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest can be completely achieved. During the three years of cultivation, the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest increase by more than 30% year by year based on the original yields. By the third year, the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials can increase by more than 120%.

[0092] Comparative Example 1

[0093] Using the existing technology, only through the cultivation method of felling all old, weak, and diseased bamboos and applying fertilizers, the specific process is as follows:

[0094] After felling all old bamboos, all diseased bamboos, and weak bamboo poles in the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest to be cultivated, fertilizers are applied at a rate of 5.5 kg / m 2 . After the fertilizer application is completed, soil covering treatment is carried out; in the second and third years, repeat the above steps to complete the cultivation of the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest and the dual-purpose cultivation of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials, and hang black lights beside the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest to trap and kill the adults of Lepidoptera pests to achieve the purpose of pest control. Among them, the soil covering thickness is 5 cm; the fertilizer is a mixture of 5 kg / m 2 of farmyard organic fertilizer and 0.5 kg / m 2 of compound fertilizer.

[0095] Record the changes in the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest obtained by using the methods in Examples 1 - 5 and Comparative Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0096] Table 1 Increase in yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest under different cultivation methods

[0097]

[0098] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, in Comparative Example 1, the bamboo shoot yield increased by 34.2% and the bamboo material yield increased by 28.5% in the first year; the bamboo shoot yield increased by 26% and the bamboo material yield increased by 39.5% in the second year; the bamboo shoot yield increased by 19% and the bamboo material yield increased by 112.2% in the third year. It can be seen that the annual increase in the bamboo shoot yield in Comparative Example 1 compared to the previous year is not obvious. In Examples 1 to 5 of the present invention, from the first year to the third year, the bamboo shoot yield increased by 30% annually compared to the previous year, and the bamboo material yield reached a maximum of 124.1% in the third year. The results of Comparative Example 1 compared with Examples 1 to 5 show that the method in Example 1 of the present invention can achieve the annual increase in the bamboo shoot and bamboo material yields of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forests, achieve the goal of stable and high yields, and can realize the comprehensive tending of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda. It shows that the present invention can achieve stable and high yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials in Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forests by adjusting the bamboo forest structure and combing the rhizomes, and through three years, the yields of bamboo shoots and bamboo materials can increase by 120% or more, realizing the dual use of bamboo shoots and materials and stable and high yields in Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forests.

[0099] Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art can make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they learn the basic creative concepts. All changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for cultivating Phyllostachys maculata shoots and bamboo in rows, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Configure the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest to be cultivated into adjacent first and second rows, and the sum of the widths of the first and second rows is less than the average height of the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda forest; among them, the width of the first row is 1 / 2 of the width of the second row, and the width of the first row is not less than 60 cm; Fell all the Qiongzhuea tumidinoda on the ground in the first row, and comb and cut the rhizomes; S2. During the initial shoot period, pick all the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first and second rows; During the middle shoot period, retain the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row and cultivate them into bamboo, and dig out all the bamboo shoots in the second row; In the late shoot period, dig out all the newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first and second rows; S3. In the second year, use half of the second row in S1 as the first row A, and use the remaining half of the second row in S1 and the first row in S1 as the second row A, and carry out felling according to the steps in S1 and S2; In the third year, use half of the remaining second row in the second row A as the first row B, and use the first row A and the first row in S1 in the second row A as the second row B, and carry out felling according to the steps in S1 and S2; Cultivate the bamboo forest according to the above steps to complete the cultivation of Qiongzhuea tumidinoda bamboo shoots and bamboo in separate rows; The specific process of combing and cutting the rhizomes described in S1 is as follows: Retain the one-year-old rhizomes and cut the two-year-old and older rhizomes; The early shoot stage described in S2 is from the start of shoot emergence to the 10th day; the middle shoot stage is from the 11th day to the 25th day of shoot emergence; the late shoot stage is from the 26th day of shoot emergence to the end of shoot emergence in the current year; during the middle shoot stage, the density of newly emerged bamboo shoots in the first row is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

2. The method for cultivating Qiong bamboo shoots and bamboo in rows according to claim 1, characterized in that, The density of the bamboo forest in the first row and the second row described in S1 is 3 plants / m 2 ~4 plants / m 2 .

3. The method for cultivating Qiong bamboo shoots and bamboo in rows according to claim 1, characterized in that, After the rhizomes described in S1 are combed and cut, fertilization is also included, and the fertilizers applied are at least one of farm organic fertilizers and compound fertilizers.

4. The method for cultivating bamboo shoots and bamboo in separate rows according to claim 3, characterized in that, The application rate of the farmyard organic fertilizer is 4.5 kg / m 2 ~5 kg / m 2 ; the application rate of the compound fertilizer is 0.5 kg / m 2 ~0.7 kg / m 2 .

5. The method for cultivating bamboo shoots and bamboo in rows according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cultivation of the bamboo forest described in S3 also includes pest control.

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