A method for obtaining sugarcane varieties highly resistant to smut using cut-hand close-polymerized materials
Through multiple rounds of hybridization using cut-hand close-polymerized sugarcane, a sugarcane variety highly resistant to smut was bred, solving the problem of sugarcane susceptibility to smut and achieving high resistance and high sugar content stability in sugarcane.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-11-11
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-13
AI Technical Summary
Existing sugarcane varieties are susceptible to sugarcane smut, leading to reduced yields or even crop failure. Current control methods are ineffective, costly, and complex to implement.
By using the Geshoumi polymer for multiple rounds of hybridization, sugarcane varieties with high resistance to smut were bred. These included hybridization of Geshoumi Yunnan 82-1 with Yunnan 2017-22, hybridization of CP72-3709 with hybrid A, and hybridization of CP89-2143 with hybrid B. Finally, the varieties were hybridized with other sugarcane varieties with high resistance to smut to screen out sugarcane varieties with high sugar content and high resistance to smut.
The obtained sugarcane varieties exhibited stable traits, significantly enhanced resistance to smut and sugar content, and solved the problem of reduced sugarcane yield.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of sugarcane breeding technology, and in particular to a method for obtaining sugarcane varieties with high resistance to smut using cut hand polymers. Background Technology
[0002] Sugarcane smut, often called the "cancer" of sugarcane, poses a serious threat to sugarcane growth and yield. The pathogen, *Sporisorium scitamineum*, belongs to the Basidiomycota fungi. These fungal spores can be spread by air currents, rainwater, irrigation water, and insects. They land on sugarcane buds, hiding between the scales, and germinate upon contact with water, forming infective hyphae that invade the buds. The hyphae dormant in the buds and the chlamydospores that fall into the soil become the primary source of infection for the next sugarcane season.
[0003] Existing sugarcane varieties are mainly offspring of crosses between cultivated original varieties (tropical varieties) and wild varieties (such as the "cut-hand dense variety" and the "large-stem wild variety"). After years of repeated hybridization, smut disease identification was not performed before variety use, resulting in almost all existing sugarcane varieties being susceptible to smut. Smut causes reduced yields in ratoon sugarcane, and in severe cases, even total crop failure. Although some methods for controlling sugarcane smut exist, their effectiveness is not ideal, and they suffer from high costs and complex operations.
[0004] Our identification of over 300 sugarcane varieties from France, Brazil, the Philippines, the United States, India, and Australia for smut revealed that only 11.90% were highly resistant, with an average incidence rate of 12.36-28.26%. Preliminary studies showed that CP72-3709 and CP89-2143 both had an incidence rate of 0.00%. Therefore, to fundamentally solve the smut problem, it is essential to cultivate highly resistant sugarcane varieties, and obtaining resistant varieties must begin with the original varieties. Thus, creating smut-resistant varieties and selecting high-quality smut-resistant sugarcane varieties from resistant varieties is the most effective method and has extremely important strategic significance for the prevention and control of sugarcane smut. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for obtaining a sugarcane variety with high resistance to smut using a cut-hand close polymer, and the obtained new sugarcane variety has stable high sugar content and high resistance to smut.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:
[0007] This invention provides a method for obtaining sugarcane varieties highly resistant to smut using cut-hand close-polymerized aggregates, characterized by comprising the following steps:
[0008] (1) Using the wild smut-resistant cultivar Geshoumi Yunnan 82-1 as the female parent and the wild smut-resistant cultivar Geshoumi Yunnan 2017-22 as the male parent, a hybrid variety A with high smut resistance was obtained by crossbreeding and screening.
[0009] (2) Using the sugarcane variety CP72-3709, which is highly resistant to smut, as the female parent, it was crossed with hybrid A, and then bred and screened to obtain hybrid B;
[0010] (3) The highly resistant sugarcane variety CP89-2143 was used as the female parent and hybrid B was crossed. After breeding and screening, a highly resistant hybrid C containing two closely related parents was obtained.
[0011] (4) By crossing hybrid C with other sugarcane varieties that are highly resistant to smut, a sugarcane variety with high sugar content and high resistance to smut can be obtained.
[0012] Furthermore, the screening criteria described in steps (1) to (3) are as follows:
[0013] resistance Incidence rate (%) HR (High Resistance) 0.00-6.00 R1 (anti-) 6.01-11.00 R2 (anti-) 11.01-20.00 MR (antibody) 20.01-30.00 MS (Moderate Sensitivity) 30.01-40.00 S1 (sense) 30.01-40.00 S2 (feeling) 40.01-60.00 HS1 (High ISO) 60.01-80.00 HS2 (High ISO) 80.01-100.00
[0014] Furthermore, the hybridization steps described in steps (1) to (3) are as follows:
[0015] Parent plants are cultivated in barrels, and photoperiodic flowering is induced in the parent plants. The parent plants are then combined and hybridized to harvest hybrid seeds.
[0016] Furthermore, the screening method described in steps (1) to (3) is as follows:
[0017] The seedling substrate is divided into seedling trays, the seeds are scattered with fine sand, and then sown, watered, and covered with film. After the seedlings grow to 3-5 true leaves, they are transplanted and cultivated to obtain seedlings. After inoculation, the seedlings are transplanted to the field for cultivation.
[0018] Furthermore, the seedling substrate is prepared according to the ratio of nutrient soil: organic matter: perlite = 3:1.5:0.5, and the cultivation time is 1 to 2 months.
[0019] Furthermore, the inoculation step of the seedlings is as follows:
[0020] Prepare a spore suspension based on the germination rate of smut pathogen spores. Immerse the roots of seedlings in the spore suspension, then remove them and keep them moist in a plastic bag.
[0021] Furthermore, the concentration of the smut spore suspension is 5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 The spores / mL, the soaking time is 5-20 min, the temperature of the plastic bag moisturizing treatment is 25℃-28℃, and the time is 22-26 h.
[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:
[0023] This invention creates a highly resistant G. smut hybrid A by crossing the wild cultivar Yunnan 82-1 (resistant to smut) as the female parent with G. smut Yunnan 2017-22 (resistant to smut) as the male parent. Then, a highly resistant smut sugarcane variety, CP72-3709, is used as the female parent and crossed with A to obtain hybrid B. Finally, a highly resistant smut sugarcane variety, CP89-2143, is used as the female parent and crossed with hybrid B to obtain hybrid C. Hybrid C, the offspring of these three crosses, is a highly resistant parent containing two G. smut lineages. This invention further crosses hybrid C with other highly resistant and high-sugar smut sugarcane varieties to obtain high-sugar, highly resistant smut sugarcane varieties. These high-sugar, highly resistant smut sugarcane varieties exhibit stable traits, and the hybrid offspring show significantly enhanced sugar content and smut resistance. Detailed Implementation
[0024] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.
[0025] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.
[0026] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.
[0027] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be obvious to those skilled in the art. This specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.
[0028] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.
[0029] This invention provides a method for obtaining sugarcane varieties highly resistant to smut using cut-hand close-polymerized aggregates, characterized by comprising the following steps:
[0030] (1) Using the smut-resistant Geshoumi Yunnan 82-1 as the female parent and the smut-resistant Geshoumi Yunnan 2017-22 as the male parent, a hybrid variety with high smut resistance Geshoumi Yunnan 82-1 was bred and screened to obtain a hybrid variety A with high smut resistance.
[0031] (2) Using the sugarcane variety CP72-3709, which is highly resistant to smut, as the female parent, it was crossed with hybrid A, and then bred and screened to obtain hybrid B;
[0032] (3) The highly resistant sugarcane variety CP89-2143 was used as the female parent and hybrid B was crossed. After breeding and screening, a highly resistant hybrid C containing two closely related parents was obtained.
[0033] (4) By crossing hybrid C with other sugarcane varieties that are highly resistant to smut, a sugarcane variety with high sugar content and high resistance to smut can be obtained.
[0034] The sources and incidence rates (natural incidence rates) of the materials used in this invention are shown in Table 1:
[0035] Table 1. Sources of different germplasm resources
[0036] germplasm source Incidence rate (%) Yunnan 82-1 National Sugarcane Germplasm Resource Nursery 0.00 Yunnan 2017-22 National Sugarcane Germplasm Resource Nursery 0.00 CP72-3709 National Sugarcane Germplasm Resource Nursery 0.00 CP89-2143 National Sugarcane Germplasm Resource Nursery 0.00 Yunzhe 0551 National Sugarcane Germplasm Resource Nursery 2％ Yunzhe 081608 National Sugarcane Germplasm Resource Nursery 25％
[0037] Note: The above sugarcane varieties all originate from the National Sugarcane Germplasm Resource Nursery (Kaiyuan) of the Sugarcane Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, located in Yunnan Province. Those skilled in the art can apply to obtain the above sugarcane varieties through the Sugarcane Research Institute of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
[0038] Example 1
[0039] Example 1 of this invention provides a method for obtaining sugarcane varieties highly resistant to smut using cut-hand close-polymerized aggregates. The specific steps are as follows:
[0040] (1) Using the wild smut-resistant variety Geshoumi Yunnan 82-1 (smut-resistant) as the female parent and Geshoumi Yunnan 2017-22 (smut-resistant) as the male parent, the parents were cultivated in barrels. Photoperiodic flowering induction was carried out from mid-May to early July. The parents were combined and hybridized to harvest hybrid seeds. Then, the seeds were sown and raised: the seedling substrate was first divided into seedling trays, leveled, and then the seeds were scattered with fine sand. The seeds were sown, covered with 1-2cm of vermiculite, watered, and covered with film until the seedlings grew to 3-5 true leaves. Then, they were transplanted and cultivated for 2 months with watering and fertilization to obtain transplanted seedlings.
[0041] The seedling substrate should be mixed with nutrient soil, organic matter and perlite in a ratio of 3:1.5:0.5. A broad-spectrum fungicide should be used for sterilization and disinfection at a concentration of 15-20g / 50L.
[0042] The transplanted seedlings were inoculated. Before inoculation, the germination rate of smut spores was tested, and a smut spore concentration of 5×10⁻⁶ was prepared based on the germination rate. 6 The spore suspension was prepared at a concentration of spores / ml. The inoculum was collected the previous year, dried, sealed in a plastic bag, and stored in a low-temperature refrigerator. The roots of the seedlings were immersed in the prepared spore suspension for 10 minutes, then removed and kept moist in a plastic bag. The seedlings were placed in a greenhouse at about 25°C for 24 hours to promote spore germination and invasion of the root buds. After inoculation, the seedlings were planted at a row spacing of 1.2 meters and a plant spacing of 50 cm, with a row spacing of 6 meters and a plant density of 300 plants per row. The seedlings were managed according to standard procedures.
[0043] The study was conducted in three replicates at different locations. After the seedlings had fully emerged, the number of basic seedlings was counted. After tillering was largely completed, the total number of stems was counted. After the first smut rhizome emerged, the number of newly grown rhizomes was counted every 14 days until the end of October. The percentage of the total number of rhizomes to the total number of stems and tillers was calculated. The disease resistance of the tested materials was determined by comparing them with the grading standards. A highly resistant smut dense aggregate hybrid A was obtained, with a disease incidence rate of 3.00%.
[0044] (2) Using CP72-3709, which has strong growth, high sugar content and high resistance to smut, as the female parent and hybrid A from step (1) as the male parent, hybridization and screening for high resistance to smut were carried out according to the steps of step (1) to obtain hybrid B.
[0045] (3) Using CP89-2143, which is highly resistant to smut, as the female parent and hybrid B from step (2) as the male parent, hybridization and screening for high resistance to smut were carried out according to the steps in step (1) to obtain hybrid C (Yunzhe 22-10).
[0046] (4) Using Yunzhe 0551 as the female parent and the hybrid C from step (3) as the male parent, hybridization and screening for high resistance to smut were carried out according to the steps of step (1) to obtain hybrid D (Yunzhe 23-1).
[0047] The percentage of the total number of tillers in Yunzhe 23-1 was calculated, and the results are shown in the table below:
[0048] Table 2. Survey results of the highly resistant combination Yunzhe 0551 × Yunzhe 22-10
[0049]
[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A method for obtaining sugarcane varieties highly resistant to smut using cut-hand close-polymerized aggregates, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Using the smut-resistant Geshoumi Yunnan 82-1 as the female parent and the smut-resistant Geshoumi Yunnan 2017-22 as the male parent, a hybrid variety with high smut resistance Geshoumi Yunnan 82-1 was bred and screened to obtain a hybrid variety A with high smut resistance. (2) Using the sugarcane variety CP72-3709, which is highly resistant to smut, as the female parent, it was crossed with hybrid A, and then bred and screened to obtain hybrid B; (3) The highly resistant sugarcane variety CP89-2143 was used as the female parent and hybridized with hybrid B. After breeding and screening, a highly resistant hybrid C containing two closely related parents was obtained. (4) By crossing hybrid C with Yunzhe 0551, a sugarcane variety that is highly resistant to smut, a sugarcane variety with high sugar content and high resistance to smut can be obtained; The screening criteria in steps (1) to (3) are: 。 2. The method for obtaining a sugarcane variety highly resistant to smut using a cut-hand close-polymerized polymer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hybridization steps described in steps (1) to (3) are as follows: Parent plants are cultivated in barrels, and photoperiodic flowering is induced in the parents. The parents are then combined and hybridized to harvest hybrid seeds.
3. The method for obtaining a sugarcane variety highly resistant to smut using a cut-hand close-polymer as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The screening method described in steps (1) to (3) is as follows: the seedling substrate is divided into seedling trays, the seeds are scattered with fine sand, and then sown, watered, and covered with film. After the seedlings grow into 3-5 true leaves, they are transplanted and cultivated to obtain seedlings. After the seedlings are inoculated, they are transplanted to the field for cultivation.
4. The method for obtaining a sugarcane variety highly resistant to smut using cutter-in-dense aggregates according to claim 3, wherein the seedling substrate is prepared with a ratio of nutrient soil: organic matter: perlite = 3:1.5:0.5, and the cultivation time is 1 to 2 months.
5. The method for obtaining a sugarcane variety highly resistant to smut using a cutter-in-dense polymer according to claim 3, characterized in that, The steps for inoculating the seedlings are as follows: Prepare a spore suspension based on the germination rate of smut pathogen spores. Immerse the roots of seedlings in the spore suspension, then remove them and keep them moist in a plastic bag.
6. The method for obtaining a sugarcane variety highly resistant to smut using a cutter-integrated polymer according to claim 5, characterized in that, The concentration of the smut spore suspension was 5 × 10⁻⁶. 6 The spores / mL, the soaking time is 5~20 min, the temperature of the plastic bag moisturizing treatment is 25℃~28℃, and the time is 22~26 h.