A device for removing scale and blockage in an oil production gathering pipeline

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of oil production and gathering and transportation pipe descaling, and is especially a kind of oil production and gathering and transportation pipeline descaling and plugging removal device, which comprises a plugging removal head, a descaling and plugging removal assembly is arranged on one side of the plugging removal head, the descaling and plugging removal assembly comprises a threaded rod, a second spring, an internal thread sleeve ring, a main centering shaft, a first cross bar, a square block and a third spring, the internal thread sleeve ring is arranged in a cylindrical groove opened at one end of the main centering shaft away from the plugging removal head, the threaded rod is inserted into the internal thread sleeve ring, and the first cross bars are respectively inserted into three first sliding grooves arranged in a ring array and opened at one end of the main centering shaft close to the plugging removal head.When the device cannot move due to dirt blockage inside the pipeline, the driving force is intermittently applied, the descaling and plugging removal effect is improved, and the device is suitable for oil production and gathering and transportation pipelines with different diameters, so that the rotation of the plugging removal head is not blocked and cannot rotate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of descaling technology for oil production and gathering pipelines, and specifically relates to a descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines. Background Technology

[0002] In the extracted crude oil, scale-forming ions from different oil wells and metering stations combine to form salt molecules that are insoluble in water. Under crystallization, the salt molecules in the water rearrange and recombine to form microcrystals and start to appear as grains. A large number of grains accumulate over a long period of time and become scale, resulting in scale formation. The presence of this scale can reduce the inner diameter of the pipeline, thereby affecting the efficiency of crude oil transportation. In severe cases, it can even cause pipeline blockage. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly perform descaling and unblocking operations on the oil production and gathering pipelines.

[0003] When traditional descaling and unblocking devices for oil production and gathering pipelines are in use, the conventional method of applying continuous driving force is ineffective in solving the blockage problem when the unblocking head encounters dirt and cannot move inside the pipeline. This may also lead to device failure. Because the continuous driving force will cause the device to be stuck with the blockage, it cannot effectively perform the function of descaling and unblocking. Furthermore, the existing descaling and unblocking devices have poor adaptability when dealing with oil production and gathering pipelines of different diameters.

[0004] Therefore, a descaling and unblocking device for oil production and transportation pipelines is designed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, this invention provides a descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines, which can effectively solve the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines, comprising an unblocking head;

[0007] A descaling and unblocking assembly is provided on one side of the unblocking head. The descaling and unblocking assembly includes a threaded rod, a second spring, an internally threaded collar, a main central shaft, a first crossbar, a square block, and a third spring. An internally threaded collar is provided in a cylindrical groove at the end of the main central shaft away from the unblocking head. A threaded rod is inserted inside the internally threaded collar. Three first sliding grooves arranged in a ring array are provided at the end of the main central shaft near the unblocking head, and first crossbars are inserted in each groove. The first crossbars are slidably connected to the main central shaft. One end of the first crossbar is fixedly connected to the internally threaded collar, and the other end of the first crossbar is fixedly connected to a square block. A third spring is provided on the side of the square block away from the first crossbar, and a second spring is fixedly connected on the side of the internally threaded collar away from the first crossbar.

[0008] The surface of the main central axis is provided with a positioning component, and one end of the main central axis is provided with a propulsion component.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines of the present invention, the descaling and unblocking assembly further includes a second bearing, an outer sleeve, a third bearing, and an inner tube. The second bearing is installed in a cylindrical groove at the end of the main central shaft furthest from the unblocking head. One end of the threaded rod is inserted into the second bearing, and the threaded rod is rotatably connected to the main central shaft via the second bearing. The internal threaded collar is threadedly connected to the threaded rod. An outer sleeve is fixedly connected to one side of the unblocking head. A third bearing is installed inside the outer sleeve, and an inner tube is installed inside the third bearing. The inner tube is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve via the third bearing. One end of the main central shaft is inserted into the outer sleeve, and the main central shaft and the outer sleeve are rotatably connected. The square block and the third spring are both located in a second sliding groove at the end of the inner tube furthest from the unblocking head. The square block and the inner tube are slidably connected, and both ends of the third spring are fixedly connected to the square block and the inner tube, respectively.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the descaling and unblocking device for oil production and transportation pipelines of the present invention, the descaling and unblocking assembly further includes a connecting shaft, a hexagonal rod, and a second drive motor. The connecting shaft is provided inside the built-in tube, and one end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the unblocking head. A hexagonal rod is inserted into a hexagonal slot opened inside the connecting shaft, and the hexagonal rod and the connecting shaft are slidably connected. The second drive motor is installed in a built-in groove opened inside the main central shaft, and one end of the hexagonal rod is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the second drive motor.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines of the present invention, the descaling and unblocking assembly further includes a fourth bearing. The fourth bearing is installed in a circular groove opened inside the main central shaft. The hexagonal rod is inserted inside the fourth bearing. The hexagonal rod is rotatably connected to the main central shaft through the fourth bearing. The end of the hexagonal rod away from the second drive motor passes through a through hole opened on one side of the unblocking head and is inserted inside the unblocking head.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the descaling and unblocking device for oil production and transportation pipelines of the present invention, the descaling and unblocking assembly further includes a circular block, a second support rod, a first scraper, and a U-shaped rod. Three U-shaped rods are inserted into three annularly arrayed third grooves on the surface of the unblocking head. The three U-shaped rods are slidably connected to the unblocking head. A second support rod is installed in a square groove I inside each U-shaped rod. The second support rod is rotatably connected to the U-shaped rod via a pin I. A circular block is fixedly connected to the end of the hexagonal rod away from the second drive motor. The end of the second support rod away from the U-shaped rod is inserted into a square groove II on the surface of the circular block. The second support rod is rotatably connected to the circular block via a pin II. A first scraper is fixedly connected to the end of each U-shaped rod away from the hexagonal rod.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines of the present invention, the descaling and unblocking assembly further includes a second scraper, a brush plate, and a spiral scraper. One end of the first scraper is fixedly connected to the brush plate, and the other end of the first scraper is fixedly connected to the second scraper. The second scraper is inserted into a fourth sliding groove opened on the surface of the unblocking head, and the second scraper and the unblocking head are slidably connected. Six spiral scrapers are fixedly connected to the surface of the unblocking head.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the descaling and unblocking device for oil production and transportation pipelines of the present invention, the positioning component includes a U-shaped plate, transmission rollers, a first support rod, and a first shaft cylinder. The first shaft cylinder is inserted into a cylindrical groove opened inside the main central shaft. The first shaft cylinder is sleeved on the surface of the threaded rod. The end of the second spring away from the internal threaded collar is fixedly connected to one end of the first shaft cylinder. Three U-shaped plates arranged in a circular array are provided on the outside of the main central shaft. Multiple transmission rollers are installed on the surface of each U-shaped plate, and two first support rods are inserted inside each U-shaped plate. Each first support rod passes through a first through groove opened on the surface of the main central shaft and is inserted into a square groove opened on the surface of the first shaft cylinder. The first support rod is rotatably connected to the U-shaped plate through a third shaft pin and to the first shaft cylinder through a fourth shaft pin. The two first support rods inside each U-shaped plate are parallel.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines of the present invention, the positioning component further includes a rectangular sleeve and a rectangular slide rod. A rectangular slide rod is fixedly connected to the side of each U-shaped plate near the main central axis. A rectangular sleeve is fitted onto the surface of the rectangular slide rod. The end of the rectangular sleeve away from the U-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the main central axis. The rectangular sleeve and the rectangular slide rod are slidably connected.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines of the present invention, the propulsion assembly includes a Z-shaped mounting plate, a counterweight, a U-shaped clamping plate, a roller disc, a first drive motor, a first bearing, a bushing, and a rotating shaft. The bottom surface of the main central shaft is fixedly connected to the Z-shaped mounting plate. A U-shaped clamping plate is inserted into a longitudinal groove on the surface of the Z-shaped mounting plate. The U-shaped clamping plate and the Z-shaped mounting plate are slidably connected. A counterweight is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped clamping plate. A roller disc is installed in a groove at the bottom of the U-shaped clamping plate. A bushing is inserted inside the roller disc, and the bushing is fixedly connected to the roller disc. Two first bearings are installed in the rotating groove opened inside the U-shaped clamping plate. The bushing is inserted inside the two first bearings and is rotatably connected to the U-shaped clamping plate through the first bearings. A first drive motor is installed on one side of the U-shaped clamping plate. A rotating shaft is installed at the end of the output shaft of the first drive motor. The rotating shaft is inserted inside the bushing and is rotatably connected to the bushing. A storage battery is installed on the upper surface of the Z-shaped mounting plate.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the descaling and unblocking device for oil production and transportation pipelines of the present invention, the propulsion assembly further includes a first spring, a rectangular slider, and a hemispherical ball. The surface of the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged first grooves, and each first groove is provided with a rectangular slider and a first spring. The two ends of each first spring are respectively fixedly connected to the rectangular slider and the rotating shaft. The side of the rectangular slider away from the first spring is fixedly connected with a hemispherical ball. The inside of the bushing is provided with an arc-shaped groove arranged in a ring array.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention has a scientific and reasonable structure and is safe and convenient to use.

[0019] 1. Equipped with a propulsion component, it facilitates the application of driving force to the device in an intermittent manner when the unblocking head is unable to move due to dirt blockage inside the pipe. This improves the descaling and unblocking effect of the device and avoids the problem of the roller disc slipping inside the pipe, which would cause wear inside the pipe.

[0020] 2. The device is equipped with a positioning component, which facilitates the movement of the three U-shaped plates away from the main central axis when the threaded rod is rotated. When the transmission roller is in contact with the inner wall of the pipe, the transmission roller and the inner wall of the pipe exert appropriate force to keep the main central axis in the center of the pipe. This makes the device suitable for oil gathering and transportation pipes of different diameters. Furthermore, when the first scraper encounters a hard object, the elastic potential energy of the third spring can cause the first scraper to move towards the unblocking head, avoiding the situation where the unblocking head cannot rotate due to obstruction.

[0021] 3. The device is equipped with a descaling and unblocking component, which facilitates the simultaneous movement of the first scraper and the U-shaped plate, and ensures a suitable force between the first scraper and the inner wall of the pipe. This makes the device suitable for oil production and gathering pipes of different diameters. The spiral scraper, the second scraper, the first scraper, and the brush plate rotate inside the oil production and gathering pipe to remove the dirt from the inner wall of the pipe. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Sectional view at point AA;

[0025] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 1 Sectional view at point BB;

[0026] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Sectional view at point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 3 Sectional view at point B;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the outer sleeve and connecting shaft in this invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first shaft cylinder and the threaded rod in this invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first crossbar and the built-in tube in this invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the rectangular sleeve and the main central axis in this invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the U-shaped rod and the second support rod in this invention;

[0033] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third spring and the square block in this invention;

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the U-shaped card plate and the Z-shaped mounting plate in this invention;

[0035] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the bushing and roller disc in this invention;

[0036] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first spring and the rectangular slider in this invention;

[0037] In the picture:

[0038] 1. Unblocking head; 2. Propulsion assembly; 21. Z-shaped mounting plate; 22. Counterweight; 23. U-shaped clamping plate; 24. Longitudinal slide groove; 25. Roller disc; 26. First drive motor; 27. First bearing; 28. Bushing; 29. ​​Rotating shaft; 210. First groove; 211. First spring; 212. Rectangular slider; 213. Hemispherical ball; 214. Arc-shaped clamping groove; 215. Battery; 3. Positioning assembly; 31. U-shaped plate; 32. Transmission roller; 33. First support rod; 34. Square groove; 35. First shaft cylinder; 36. First through groove; 37. Rectangular rod sleeve; 38. Rectangular slide rod; 4. Descaling and unblocking assembly; 41. Threaded rod; 42. Second spring; 43. 44. Internal threaded collar; 45. Second bearing; 46. Main central shaft; 47. First slide groove; 48. First crossbar; 49. Outer sleeve; 40. Third bearing; 410. Internal tube; 411. Second slide groove; 412. Square block; 413. Third spring; 414. Connecting shaft; 415. Hexagonal slot; 416. Hexagonal rod; 417. Second drive motor; 418. Internal groove; 419. Fourth bearing; 420. Circular groove; 421. Circular block; 422. Second support rod; 423. First scraper; 424. Second scraper; 425. U-shaped rod; 426. Brush plate; 427. Third slide groove; 428. Spiral scraper; 429. Fourth slide groove; 430. Cylindrical groove. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example: Figures 1-14 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a descaling and unblocking device for oil production and transportation pipelines, including an unblocking head 1;

[0041] A descaling and unblocking assembly 4 is provided on one side of the unblocking head 1. The descaling and unblocking assembly 4 includes a threaded rod 41, a second spring 42, an internal threaded collar 43, a main central shaft 45, a first crossbar 47, a square block 412, a second bearing 44, an outer sleeve 48, a third bearing 49, an inner tube 410, a connecting shaft 414, a hexagonal rod 416, a second drive motor 417, a fourth bearing 419, a circular block 421, a second support rod 422, a first scraper 423, a U-shaped rod 425, a second scraper 424, a brush plate 426, a spiral scraper 428, and a third spring 413. The main central shaft 45 is located away from the unblocking head 1. An internally threaded collar 43 is provided in the cylindrical groove 430 at the end. A threaded rod 41 is inserted inside the internally threaded collar 43. Three first sliding grooves 46 arranged in a ring array are opened at the end of the main central shaft 45 near the unblocking head 1. First crossbars 47 are inserted in each groove. The first crossbars 47 and the main central shaft 45 are slidably connected. One end of the first crossbar 47 is fixedly connected to the internally threaded collar 43. A square block 412 is fixedly connected to the other end of the first crossbar 47. A third spring 413 is provided on the side of the square block 412 away from the first crossbar 47. A second spring 42 is fixedly connected to the side of the internally threaded collar 43 away from the first crossbar 47.

[0042] A second bearing 44 is installed in a cylindrical groove 430 at the end of the main centering shaft 45 away from the unblocking head 1. One end of a threaded rod 41 is inserted into the second bearing 44. The threaded rod 41 is rotatably connected to the main centering shaft 45 through the second bearing 44. An internal threaded collar 43 is threadedly connected to the threaded rod 41. An outer sleeve 48 is fixedly connected to one side of the unblocking head 1. A third bearing 49 is installed inside the outer sleeve 48. An inner tube 410 is installed inside the third bearing 49. The inner tube 410 is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve 48 through the third bearing 49. One end of the main centering shaft 45 is inserted into... Inside the outer tube 48, the main central axis 45 is rotatably connected to the outer tube 48. The square block 412 and the third spring 413 are both located in the second groove 411 opened at the end of the inner tube 410 away from the unblocking head 1. The square block 412 and the inner tube 410 are slidably connected. The two ends of the third spring 413 are fixedly connected to the square block 412 and the inner tube 410 respectively. The end of the inner tube 410 away from the unblocking head 1 has three second grooves 411 arranged in a ring array, so that the three first crossbars 47 can be inserted into the second grooves 411 at the corresponding positions. For details, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 11 As shown.

[0043] The built-in tube 410 has a connecting shaft 414 inside. One end of the connecting shaft 414 is fixedly connected to one side of the unblocking head 1. A hexagonal rod 416 is inserted into a hexagonal slot 415 inside the connecting shaft 414. The hexagonal rod 416 and the connecting shaft 414 are slidably connected. A second drive motor 417 is installed in a built-in groove 418 inside the main central shaft 45. One end of the hexagonal rod 416 is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the second drive motor 417.

[0044] A fourth bearing 419 is installed in a circular groove 420 inside the main central shaft 45. A hexagonal rod 416 is inserted inside the fourth bearing 419. The hexagonal rod 416 is rotatably connected to the main central shaft 45 through the fourth bearing 419. The end of the hexagonal rod 416 away from the second drive motor 417 passes through a through hole on one side of the unblocking head 1 and is inserted inside the unblocking head 1. The unblocking head 1 has a hollow structure. For details, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 2 As shown.

[0045] The surface of the unblocking head 1 has three third sliding grooves 427 arranged in a ring, each containing a U-shaped rod 425. The three U-shaped rods 425 are slidably connected to the unblocking head 1. Each U-shaped rod 425 has a square groove 1 inside which a second support rod 422 is provided. The second support rod 422 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped rod 425 via a shaft pin 1. The end of the hexagonal rod 416 away from the second drive motor 417 is fixedly connected to a circular block 421. The end of the second support rod 422 away from the U-shaped rod 425 is inserted into a square groove 2 on the surface of the circular block 421. The second support rod 422 is rotatably connected to the circular block 421 via a shaft pin 2. The end of each U-shaped rod 425 away from the hexagonal rod 416 is fixedly connected to a first scraper 423.

[0046] One end of the first scraper 423 is fixedly connected to a brush plate 426, and the other end of the first scraper 423 is fixedly connected to a second scraper 424. The second scraper 424 is inserted into a fourth groove 429 opened on the surface of the unblocking head 1, and the second scraper 424 and the unblocking head 1 are slidably connected. Six spiral scrapers 428 are fixedly connected to the surface of the unblocking head 1. The spiral scrapers 428 are spiral in shape to facilitate the scraping of dirt blocking the inside of the pipe. The connection structure between the spiral scrapers 428 and the unblocking head 1 can be referred to Figure 1 As shown.

[0047] A positioning assembly 3 is provided on the surface of the main centering shaft 45. The positioning assembly 3 includes a U-shaped plate 31, a transmission roller 32, a rectangular sleeve 37, a rectangular slide bar 38, a first support rod 33, and a first shaft cylinder 35. The first shaft cylinder 35 is inserted into a cylindrical groove 430 inside the main centering shaft 45. The first shaft cylinder 35 is sleeved on the surface of the threaded rod 41. The inner diameter of the first shaft cylinder 35 is larger than the diameter of the threaded rod 41. The threaded rod 41 does not contact the first shaft cylinder 35 during rotation. The end of the second spring 42 away from the inner threaded collar 43 is fixedly connected to one end of the first shaft cylinder 35. Three U-shaped plates 31 arranged in a ring array are provided on the outside of the main centering shaft 45. Each U-shaped plate 31 has multiple transmission rollers 32 mounted on its surface, and each U-shaped plate 31 has two first support rods 33 inserted inside. Each first support rod 33 passes through a first through groove 36 opened on the surface of the main central shaft 45 and is inserted into a square groove 34 opened on the surface of the first shaft cylinder 35. The first support rod 33 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped plate 31 by a shaft pin three and to the first shaft cylinder 35 by a shaft pin four. The two first support rods 33 inside each U-shaped plate 31 are parallel. The first through groove 36 facilitates the rotation of the first support rod 33 and does not obstruct the rotation path of the first support rod 33.

[0048] Each U-shaped plate 31 has a rectangular slide rod 38 fixedly connected to the side closest to the main central axis 45. A rectangular sleeve 37 is fitted on the surface of the rectangular slide rod 38. The end of the rectangular sleeve 37 away from the U-shaped plate 31 is fixedly connected to the main central axis 45. The rectangular sleeve 37 and the rectangular slide rod 38 are slidably connected.

[0049] A propulsion assembly 2 is provided at one end of the main central axis 45. The propulsion assembly 2 includes a Z-shaped mounting plate 21, a counterweight 22, a U-shaped clamping plate 23, a roller disk 25, a first drive motor 26, a first bearing 27, a first spring 211, a rectangular slider 212, a hemispherical ball bearing 213, a bushing 28, and a rotating shaft 29. The bottom surface of the main central axis 45 is fixedly connected to the Z-shaped mounting plate 21. A U-shaped clamping plate 23 is inserted into a longitudinal groove 24 on the surface of the Z-shaped mounting plate 21. The U-shaped clamping plate 23 and the Z-shaped mounting plate 21 are slidably connected. A counterweight 22 is fixedly connected to the top of the U-shaped clamping plate 23. A roller disk 25 is provided in a wheel groove at the bottom of the U-shaped clamping plate 23. A bushing 28 is inserted into the inside of the roller disk 25. The bushing 28 and the roller disk are connected. 25. Fixed connection. Two first bearings 27 are installed in the rotating groove opened inside the U-shaped clamp 23. The bushing 28 is inserted into the two first bearings 27. The bushing 28 is rotatably connected to the U-shaped clamp 23 through the first bearings 27. A first drive motor 26 is installed on one side of the U-shaped clamp 23. A rotating shaft 29 is installed at the end of the output shaft of the first drive motor 26. The rotating shaft 29 is inserted into the bushing 28. The bushing 28 and the rotating shaft 29 are rotatably connected. A storage battery 215 is installed on the upper surface of the Z-shaped mounting plate 21. The first drive motor 26 and the second drive motor 417 are both electrically connected to the storage battery 215 through wires. The operation of the first drive motor 26 and the second drive motor 417 can be controlled by an external controller.

[0050] The surface of the rotating shaft 29 has multiple symmetrically arranged first grooves 210, and each first groove 210 contains a rectangular slider 212 and a first spring 211. Both ends of each first spring 211 are fixedly connected to the rectangular slider 212 and the rotating shaft 29, respectively. A hemispherical ball 213 is fixedly connected to the side of the rectangular slider 212 away from the first spring 211. The inside of the bushing 28 has an arc-shaped slot 214 arranged in a ring. The hemispherical balls 213 are inserted into the corresponding arc-shaped slots 214. The minimum number of arc-shaped slots 214 is four, and the number of arc-shaped slots 214 is [missing information]. Even numbers ensure a uniform driving force applied to the bushing 28. The hemispherical balls 213 and rectangular sliders 212 inside the rotating shaft 29 are symmetrically arranged. When the device is difficult to move continuously due to dirt blockage, the rotation of the rotating shaft 29 drives the hemispherical balls 213 to rotate. When the roller disk 25 is difficult to rotate, the hemispherical balls 213 slide out from the arc-shaped groove 214 and slide into the arc-shaped groove 214 at the adjacent position, so that the driving force is applied to the device intermittently, thereby improving the descaling and unblocking effect of the device and avoiding the problem of the roller disk 25 slipping inside the pipe, which would cause wear inside the pipe.

[0051] It should be noted that: under the action of the counterweight 22, there is a suitable force between the roller disc 25 and the inner wall of the pipeline, which can push the device to move inside the oil gathering and transportation pipe. Multiple hemispherical balls 213 are symmetrically arranged on the surface of the rotating shaft 29, thereby ensuring that a uniform driving force is applied to the bushing 28.

[0052] Working principle: When in use, the device is placed inside the oil gathering and transportation pipe to be descaled and unblocked. The threaded rod 41 is rotated, and the rotation of the threaded rod 41 causes the internal threaded collar 43 to slide inside the main central shaft 45. During the movement of the internal threaded collar 43, the second spring 42 drives the first shaft cylinder 35 to move synchronously. The movement of the first shaft cylinder 35 drives the first support rod 33 to move, which in turn pushes the U-shaped plate 31 to move. During the movement of the U-shaped plate 31, the rectangular sliding rod 38 slides inside the rectangular sleeve 37, thereby causing the U-shaped plate 31 to... The device moves away from the main central axis 45 until the multiple transmission rollers 32 arranged in a ring abut against the pipe wall. During the continuous stretching of the second spring 42, the multiple transmission rollers 32 exert a suitable force on the inner wall of the pipe. This facilitates the movement of the three U-shaped plates 31 away from the main central axis 45 when the threaded rod 41 is rotated. When the transmission rollers 32 are in contact with the inner wall of the pipe, the transmission rollers 32 exert a suitable force on the inner wall of the pipe, so that the main central axis 45 is in the center of the pipe. This makes the device suitable for oil gathering and transportation pipes of different diameters.

[0053] During the rotation of the threaded rod 41, which drives the internal threaded collar 43 to move, the internal threaded collar 43 drives the first crossbar 47 to move synchronously. The movement of the first crossbar 47 drives the square block 412 and the third spring 413 to move synchronously, thereby causing the inner tube 410 to move. During the movement of the inner tube 410, the outer tube 48 and the unblocking head 1 move synchronously through the third bearing 49. During the movement of the unblocking head 1, the connecting shaft 414 slides on the surface of the hexagonal rod 416, and the unblocking head 1 also drives the U-shaped rod 425 to move synchronously. During the movement of the U-shaped rod 425, since the position of the circular block 421 remains unchanged, the U-shaped rod 425 moves through the second support rod 422. The movement of the U-shaped rod 425 drives the first scraper 423 to move synchronously. The second support rod 422 and the first support rod 33 have the same size, and in their initial positions, the second support rod 422 and the first support rod 33 are tilted in a symmetrical direction. The tilt directions of the second support rod 422 and the first support rod 33 are as follows: Figure 7 As shown;

[0054] When the internal threaded collar 43 moves toward the unblocking head 1, causing the U-shaped plate 31 to move away from the main central axis 45, the movement of the U-shaped plate 31 drives the inner tube 410 to move away from the main central axis 45 via the first crossbar 47. This, in turn, causes the first scraper 423 to move away from the unblocking head 1 via the second support rod 422. Since the second support rod 422 and the first support rod 33 are initially symmetrically positioned, the distance the U-shaped plate 31 moves is close to the distance the first scraper 423 moves. Consequently, when the transmission roller 32 moves to contact the inner wall of the pipe, the first scraper 423 is precisely in contact with the inner wall of the pipe. Similarly, in the reverse direction... When the threaded rod 41 is rotated, the U-shaped plate 31 drives the transmission roller 32 to move towards the main central shaft 45, and the first scraper 423 moves towards the unblocking head 1. Under the action of the second spring 42, there is a suitable force between the transmission roller 32 and the inner wall of the pipe. Under the action of the elastic potential energy of the third spring 413, there is a suitable force between the first scraper 423 and the inner wall of the pipe, ensuring the descaling effect on the inner wall of the pipe. This is beneficial to make the first scraper 423 move synchronously while the U-shaped plate 31 moves, and to make the first scraper 423 and the inner wall of the pipe have a suitable force. This further makes the device applicable to oil gathering and transportation pipes of different diameters.

[0055] After the device is placed inside the pipeline and debugged, the controller starts the first drive motor 26 and the second drive motor 417. The operation of the second drive motor 417 drives the hexagonal rod 416 to rotate, which in turn drives the connecting shaft 414 to rotate, thereby driving the unblocking head 1 to rotate. During the rotation of the unblocking head 1, the first scraper 423 and the spiral scraper 428 on the surface of the unblocking head 1 rotate synchronously. The spiral scraper 428 is spiral-shaped. During the rotation of the spiral scraper 428 driven by the unblocking head 1, the dirt blocking the inside of the pipeline can be spirally scraped away. During the rotation of the first scraper 423 against the inner wall of the pipeline, the dirt adhering to the inner wall of the pipeline is scraped away. The rotation of the first scraper 423 drives the second scraper 424 and the brush plate 426 to rotate synchronously. The blade 424 can scrape off the dirt inside the pipe, avoiding the gap between the first scraper 423 and the unblocking head 1, which would prevent some dirt from being scraped off. When the first scraper 423 drives the brush plate 426 to rotate synchronously, the brush plate 426 can clean the dirt on the inner wall of the pipe, thereby ensuring the effect of descaling and unblocking the inner wall of the pipe. It is beneficial to achieve the effect of scraping off the dirt on the inner wall of the oil gathering and transportation pipe by rotating the spiral scraper 428, the second scraper 424, the first scraper 423 and the brush plate 426 inside the oil gathering and transportation pipe. Furthermore, when the first scraper 423 encounters a hard object, under the action of the elastic potential energy of the third spring 413, the first scraper 423 can move towards the unblocking head 1, avoiding the situation where the rotation of the unblocking head 1 is blocked and cannot be rotated.

[0056] When the first drive motor 26 is started via the controller, its operation drives the rectangular slider 212 and the hemispherical ball 213 to rotate synchronously via the rotating shaft 29. Since the hemispherical ball 213 is inserted into the arc-shaped groove 214 inside the bushing 28, when the unblocking head 1 cannot move due to dirt inside the pipe, and the first drive motor 26 drives the rotating shaft 29 to rotate continuously, when the device becomes difficult to move due to blockage by dirt, i.e., when the roller disc 25 cannot rotate due to the resistance of the device, the hemispherical ball 213 slides out from the arc-shaped groove 214, slides to the inner wall of the bushing 28, and slides into an adjacent position. Within the arc-shaped groove 214, after the scraping force of the device on the dirt inside the pipe reaches a suitable level, the force pushing the device to move is reduced, that is, the scraping force applied by the device to the dirt is reduced. When the hemispherical ball 213 slides into the arc-shaped groove 214 at the adjacent position, the force applied to the roller disc 25 is increased, that is, the driving force of the device inside the pipe is increased again. This is beneficial to make the driving force of the device more intermittent when the unblocking head 1 cannot move due to dirt inside the pipe, thereby improving the descaling and unblocking effect of the device and avoiding the problem of the roller disc 25 slipping inside the pipe, which would cause wear inside the pipe.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A descaling and unblocking device for an oil production and gathering pipeline, comprising an unblocking head (1); Its features are: A descaling and unblocking assembly (4) is provided on one side of the unblocking head (1). The descaling and unblocking assembly (4) includes a threaded rod (41), a second spring (42), an internally threaded collar (43), a main central shaft (45), a first crossbar (47), a square block (412), and a third spring (413). An internally threaded collar (43) is provided in a cylindrical groove (430) at the end of the main central shaft (45) away from the unblocking head (1). A threaded rod (41) is inserted inside the internally threaded collar (43). The main central shaft (45) is close to the unblocking head (1). Three first grooves (46) arranged in a ring array are opened at one end, and first crossbars (47) are inserted into them respectively. The first crossbars (47) are slidably connected to the main central axis (45). One end of the first crossbar (47) is fixedly connected to an internal threaded collar (43). A square block (412) is fixedly connected to the other end of the first crossbar (47). A third spring (413) is provided on the side of the square block (412) away from the first crossbar (47). A second spring (42) is fixedly connected on the side of the internal threaded collar (43) away from the first crossbar (47). The surface of the main centering shaft (45) is provided with a positioning component (3), and one end of the main centering shaft (45) is provided with a propulsion component (2); the descaling and unblocking component (4) also includes a second bearing (44), an outer sleeve (48), a third bearing (49), and an inner tube (410). The second bearing (44) is installed in the cylindrical groove (430) opened at the end of the main centering shaft (45) away from the unblocking head (1). One end of the threaded rod (41) is inserted into the interior of the second bearing (44). The threaded rod (41) is rotatably connected to the main centering shaft (45) through the second bearing (44). The internal threaded collar (43) is threadedly connected to the threaded rod (41). An outer sleeve (48) is fixedly connected to one side of the unblocking head (1). A third bearing (49) is installed inside the outer sleeve (48). An inner tube (410) is installed inside the third bearing (49). The inner tube (410) is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve (48) through the third bearing (49). One end of the main centering shaft (45) is inserted inside the outer sleeve (48). The main centering shaft (45) and the outer sleeve (48) are rotatably connected. The square block (412) and the third spring (413) are both located in the second groove (411) opened at the end of the inner tube (410) away from the unblocking head (1). The square block (412) and the inner tube (410) are connected to the outer sleeve (48). The sliding connection is provided, and the two ends of the third spring (413) are fixedly connected to the square block (412) and the built-in tube (410) respectively; the descaling and unblocking assembly (4) also includes a connecting shaft (414), a hexagonal rod (416) and a second drive motor (417). The connecting shaft (414) is provided inside the built-in tube (410). One end of the connecting shaft (414) is fixedly connected to one side of the unblocking head (1). The hexagonal rod (416) is inserted into the hexagonal slot (415) opened inside the connecting shaft (414). The hexagonal rod (416) and the connecting shaft (414) are slidably connected. The built-in groove (418) opened inside the main central shaft (45) is provided with the connecting shaft (414). The second drive motor (417) is installed, and one end of the hexagonal rod (416) is fixedly connected to the end of the output shaft of the second drive motor (417). The descaling and unblocking assembly (4) also includes a fourth bearing (419). The fourth bearing (419) is installed in the circular groove (420) opened inside the main central shaft (45). The hexagonal rod (416) is inserted inside the fourth bearing (419). The hexagonal rod (416) is rotatably connected to the main central shaft (45) through the fourth bearing (419). The end of the hexagonal rod (416) away from the second drive motor (417) passes through the through hole opened on one side of the unblocking head (1) and is inserted inside the unblocking head (1).The descaling and unblocking assembly (4) further includes a circular block (421), a second support rod (422), a first scraper (423), and a U-shaped rod (425). The unblocking head (1) has three annularly arrayed third sliding grooves (427) on its surface, each containing a U-shaped rod (425). The three U-shaped rods (425) are slidably connected to the unblocking head (1). Each U-shaped rod (425) has a square groove containing a second support rod (422). The second support rod (422) is connected to the unblocking head (1) via a shaft. Pin 1 and U-shaped rod (425) are rotatably connected. A circular block (421) is fixedly connected to the end of the hexagonal rod (416) away from the second drive motor (417). The end of the second support rod (422) away from the U-shaped rod (425) is inserted into a square groove 2 opened on the surface of the circular block (421). The second support rod (422) is rotatably connected to the circular block (421) via pin 2. A first scraper (423) is fixedly connected to the end of each U-shaped rod (425) away from the hexagonal rod (416).

2. The descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The descaling and unblocking assembly (4) further includes a second scraper (424), a brush plate (426), and a spiral scraper (428). One end of the first scraper (423) is fixedly connected to the brush plate (426), and the other end of the first scraper (423) is fixedly connected to the second scraper (424). The second scraper (424) is inserted into the fourth sliding groove (429) opened on the surface of the unblocking head (1). The second scraper (424) and the unblocking head (1) are slidably connected. Six spiral scrapers (428) are fixedly connected to the surface of the unblocking head (1).

3. The descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning component (3) includes a U-shaped plate (31), a transmission roller (32), a first support rod (33), and a first shaft cylinder (35). The first shaft cylinder (35) is inserted into a cylindrical groove (430) inside the main centering shaft (45). The first shaft cylinder (35) is sleeved on the surface of the threaded rod (41). The end of the second spring (42) away from the inner threaded collar (43) is fixedly connected to the end of the first shaft cylinder (35). Three U-shaped plates (31) arranged in a ring array are provided on the outside of the main centering shaft (45). Each U-shaped plate (31) is mounted on its surface. There are multiple transmission rollers (32), and two first support rods (33) are inserted inside each U-shaped plate (31). Each first support rod (33) passes through the first through groove (36) opened on the surface of the main central shaft (45) and is inserted into the square groove (34) opened on the surface of the first shaft cylinder (35). The first support rod (33) is rotatably connected to the U-shaped plate (31) through the third shaft pin, and the first support rod (33) is rotatably connected to the first shaft cylinder (35) through the fourth shaft pin. The two first support rods (33) inside each U-shaped plate (31) are parallel.

4. The descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning component (3) further includes a rectangular sleeve (37) and a rectangular slide rod (38). Each U-shaped plate (31) is fixedly connected to a rectangular slide rod (38) on the side near the main central axis (45). The rectangular slide rod (38) is fitted with a rectangular sleeve (37). The end of the rectangular sleeve (37) away from the U-shaped plate (31) is fixedly connected to the main central axis (45). The rectangular sleeve (37) and the rectangular slide rod (38) are slidably connected.

5. The descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The propulsion assembly (2) includes a Z-shaped mounting plate (21), a counterweight (22), a U-shaped clamping plate (23), a roller disc (25), a first drive motor (26), a first bearing (27), a bushing (28), and a rotating shaft (29). The bottom surface of the main central shaft (45) is fixedly connected to the Z-shaped mounting plate (21). The U-shaped clamping plate (23) is inserted into the longitudinal groove (24) on the surface of the Z-shaped mounting plate (21). The U-shaped clamping plate (23) and the Z-shaped mounting plate (21) are slidably connected. The top of the U-shaped clamping plate (23) is fixedly connected to the counterweight (22). The bottom groove of the U-shaped clamping plate (23) is provided with a roller disc (25). The roller disc (25) is inserted with a shaft inside. The bushing (28) and the roller disc (25) are fixedly connected. Two first bearings (27) are installed in the rotating groove opened inside the U-shaped clamp (23). The bushing (28) is inserted into the two first bearings (27). The bushing (28) is rotatably connected to the U-shaped clamp (23) through the first bearings (27). A first drive motor (26) is installed on one side of the U-shaped clamp (23). A rotating shaft (29) is installed at the end of the output shaft of the first drive motor (26). The rotating shaft (29) is inserted into the bushing (28). The bushing (28) and the rotating shaft (29) are rotatably connected. A battery (215) is installed on the upper surface of the Z-shaped mounting plate (21).

6. The descaling and unblocking device for oil production and gathering pipelines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The propulsion assembly (2) further includes a first spring (211), a rectangular slider (212), and a hemispherical ball (213). The surface of the rotating shaft (29) is provided with a plurality of symmetrically arranged first grooves (210), and each first groove (210) is provided with a rectangular slider (212) and a first spring (211). The two ends of each first spring (211) are fixedly connected to the rectangular slider (212) and the rotating shaft (29) respectively. The side of the rectangular slider (212) away from the first spring (211) is fixedly connected with a hemispherical ball (213). The bushing (28) is provided with an arc-shaped slot (214) arranged in a ring array inside.

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